1
|
Pharmacogenetics of posttransplant diabetes mellitus. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 17:209-221. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
2
|
Flores-Martínez SE, Castro-Martínez AG, López-Quintero A, García-Zapién AG, Torres-Rodríguez RN, Sánchez-Corona J. [Association analysis of SNP-63 and indel-19 variant in the calpain-10 gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age]. CIR CIR 2015; 83:35-42. [PMID: 25982606 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex and heterogeneous disease involving both reproductive and metabolic problems. It has been suggested a genetic predisposition in the etiology of this syndrome. The identification of calpain-10 gene (CAPN10) as the first candidate gene for type 2 diabetes mellitus, has focused the interest in investigating their possible relation with the polycystic ovary syndrome, because this syndrome is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, two metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVE To investigate if there is association between the SNP-63 and the variant indel-19 of the CAPN10 gene and polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included 101 women (55 with polycystic ovary syndrome and 46 without polycystic ovary syndrome). The genetic variant indel-19 was identified by electrophoresis of the amplified fragments by PCR, and the SNP-63 by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS The allele and genotype frequencies of the two variants do not differ significatly between women with polycystic ovary syndrome and control women group. The haplotype 21 (defined by the insertion allele of indel-19 variant and C allele of SNP-63) was found with higher frequency in both study groups, being more frequent in the polycystic ovary syndrome patients group, however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.8353). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that SNP-63 and indel-19 variant of the CAPN10 gene do not represent a risk factor for polycystic ovary syndrome in our patients group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Esperanza Flores-Martínez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Anna Gabriela Castro-Martínez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Andrés López-Quintero
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Alejandra Guadalupe García-Zapién
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Ruth Noemí Torres-Rodríguez
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José Sánchez-Corona
- División de Medicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Honardoost M, reza Sarookhani M, Arefian E, Soleimani M. Insulin Resistance Associated Genes and miRNAs. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:63-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
4
|
Mendoza-Lorenzo P, Salazar AM, Cortes-Arenas E, Saucedo R, Taja-Chayeb L, Flores-Dorantes MT, Pánico P, Sordo M, Ostrosky-Wegman P. The reduction of Calpain-10 expression is associated with risk polymorphisms in obese children. Gene 2013; 516:126-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
5
|
Douillet C, Currier J, Saunders J, Bodnar WM, Matoušek T, Stýblo M. Methylated trivalent arsenicals are potent inhibitors of glucose stimulated insulin secretion by murine pancreatic islets. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 267:11-5. [PMID: 23261974 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic evidence has linked chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) with an increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Laboratory studies have identified several mechanisms by which iAs can impair glucose homeostasis. We have previously shown that micromolar concentrations of arsenite (iAs(III)) or its methylated trivalent metabolites, methylarsonite (MAs(III)) and dimethylarsinite (DMAs(III)), inhibit the insulin-activated signal transduction pathway, resulting in insulin resistance in adipocytes. Our present study examined effects of the trivalent arsenicals on insulin secretion by intact pancreatic islets isolated from C57BL/6 mice. We found that 48-hour exposures to low subtoxic concentrations of iAs(III), MAs(III) or DMAs(III) inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), but not basal insulin secretion. MAs(III) and DMAs(III) were more potent than iAs(III) as GSIS inhibitors with estimated IC(50)≤0.1 μM. The exposures had little or no effects on insulin content of the islets or on insulin expression, suggesting that trivalent arsenicals interfere with mechanisms regulating packaging of the insulin transport vesicles or with translocation of these vesicles to the plasma membrane. Notably, the inhibition of GSIS by iAs(III), MAs(III) or DMAs(III) could be reversed by a 24-hour incubation of the islets in arsenic-free medium. These results suggest that the insulin producing pancreatic β-cells are among the targets for iAs exposure and that the inhibition of GSIS by low concentrations of the methylated metabolites of iAs may be the key mechanism of iAs-induced diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Douillet
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, 2302 MHRC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7461, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schäfer SA, Machicao F, Fritsche A, Häring HU, Kantartzis K. New type 2 diabetes risk genes provide new insights in insulin secretion mechanisms. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 93 Suppl 1:S9-24. [PMID: 21864758 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(11)70008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes results from the inability of beta cells to increase insulin secretion sufficiently to compensate for insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is thought to result mainly from environmental factors, such as obesity. However, there is compelling evidence that the decline of both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion have also a genetic component. Recent genome-wide association studies identified several novel risk genes for type 2 diabetes. The vast majority of these genes affect beta cell function by molecular mechanisms that remain unknown in detail. Nevertheless, we and others could show that a group of genes affect glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, a group incretin-stimulated insulin secretion (incretin sensitivity or secretion) and a group proinsulin-to-insulin conversion. The most important so far type 2 diabetes risk gene, TCF7L2, interferes with all three mechanisms. In addition to advancing knowledge in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, the discovery of novel genetic determinants of diabetes susceptibility may help understanding of gene-environment, gene-therapy and gene-gene interactions. It was also hoped that it could make determination of the individual risk for type 2 diabetes feasible. However, the allelic relative risks of most genetic variants discovered so far are relatively low. Thus, at present, clinical criteria assess the risk for type 2 diabetes with greater sensitivity and specificity than the combination of all known genetic variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke A Schäfer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nephrology, Vascular Disease and Clinical Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gustavsson N, Wang X, Wang Y, Seah T, Xu J, Radda GK, Südhof TC, Han W. Neuronal calcium sensor synaptotagmin-9 is not involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis or insulin secretion. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15414. [PMID: 21085706 PMCID: PMC2976867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin secretion is a complex and highly regulated process. It is well established that cytoplasmic calcium is a key regulator of insulin secretion, but how elevated intracellular calcium triggers insulin granule exocytosis remains unclear, and we have only begun to define the identities of proteins that are responsible for sensing calcium changes and for transmitting the calcium signal to release machineries. Synaptotagmins are primarily expressed in brain and endocrine cells and exhibit diverse calcium binding properties. Synaptotagmin-1, -2 and -9 are calcium sensors for fast neurotransmitter release in respective brain regions, while synaptotagmin-7 is a positive regulator of calcium-dependent insulin release. Unlike the three neuronal calcium sensors, whose deletion abolished fast neurotransmitter release, synaptotagmin-7 deletion resulted in only partial loss of calcium-dependent insulin secretion, thus suggesting that other calcium-sensors must participate in the regulation of insulin secretion. Of the other synaptotagmin isoforms that are present in pancreatic islets, the neuronal calcium sensor synaptotagmin-9 is expressed at the highest level after synaptotagmin-7. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study we tested whether synaptotagmin-9 participates in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin release by using pancreas-specific synaptotagmin-9 knockout (p-S9X) mice. Deletion of synaptotagmin-9 in the pancreas resulted in no changes in glucose homeostasis or body weight. Glucose tolerance, and insulin secretion in vivo and from isolated islets were not affected in the p-S9X mice. Single-cell capacitance measurements showed no difference in insulin granule exocytosis between p-S9X and control mice. CONCLUSIONS Thus, synaptotagmin-9, although a major calcium sensor in the brain, is not involved in the regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin release from pancreatic β-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gustavsson
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (WH); (NG)
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tingting Seah
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Xu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - George K. Radda
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas C. Südhof
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Weiping Han
- Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail: (WH); (NG)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disease that is caused by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes has an evident genetic component and represents a polygenic disease. During the last decade, considerable progress was made in the identification of type 2 diabetes risk genes. This was crucially influenced by the development of affordable high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays that prompted several successful genome-wide association scans in large case-control cohorts. Subsequent to the identification of type 2 diabetes risk SNPs, cohorts thoroughly phenotyped for prediabetic traits with elaborate in vivo methods allowed an initial characterization of the pathomechanisms of these SNPs. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still incompletely understood, a surprising result of these pathomechanistic investigations was that most of the risk SNPs affect beta-cell function. This favors a beta-cell-centric view on the genetics of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the type 2 diabetes risk genes and their variants' pathomechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Staiger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology, and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Trümpler A, Schlott B, Herrlich P, Greer PA, Böhmer FD. Calpain-mediated degradation of reversibly oxidized protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B. FEBS J 2009; 276:5622-33. [PMID: 19712109 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are regulated by reversible inactivating oxidation of the catalytic-site cysteine. We have previously shown that reversible oxidation upon UVA irradiation is followed by calpain-mediated PTP degradation. Here, we address the mechanism of regulated cleavage and the physiological function of PTP degradation. Reversible oxidation of PTP1B in vitro strongly facilitated the association with calpain and led to greatly increased calpain-dependent inactivating cleavage. Both oxidation-induced association and cleavage depended exclusively on the presence of the catalytic (reversibly oxidized) cysteine residue 215. A major cleavage site was identified preceding amino acid position Ala77. In calpain-deficient cells, insulin signaling was apparently diminished, consistent with a possible role for calpain in removing a negative regulator of insulin signaling. Reversibly oxidized PTP1B may be a target of calpain in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Trümpler
- Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|