1
|
Xie L, Tao Y, Shen Z, Deng H, Duan X, Xue Y, Chen D, Li Y. Congenital asplenia impairs heme-iron recycling during erythropoiesis in zebrafish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:105108. [PMID: 38040044 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The spleen is postulated to be a hematopoietic tissue in adult fish; however, clear evidence is still lacking to define its role in hematopoietic activity. In our previous study, a congenitally asplenic zebrafish was generated though gene editing, which provided a new perspective for studying the role of fish spleen in hematopoiesis. In this study, HSC-regulated and erythrocyte marker genes, such as gata1a, gata2, klf1, hbaa1, hbaa2, hbba1 and hbba2 were significantly reduced in congenitally asplenic zebrafish when compared with wild-type (WT). Subsequently, we conducted the transcriptome profiles of whole kidneys from WT and congenitally asplenic zebrafish to explore the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired erythropoiesis caused by congenital asplenia. Our results demonstrated that congenital asplenia might impair heme-iron recycling during erythropoiesis, as evidenced by significant down-regulation of genes associated with iron acquisition (tfr1a, tfa, steap3 and slc25a37) and heme biosynthesis and transport (alas2, fech, uros, urod, copx, ppox and abcb10) in congenitally asplenic zebrafish. In addition, the down-regulation of hemopoiesis-related GO terms, including heme binding, tetrapyrrole binding, iron ion binding, heme metabolic process, heme biosynthetic process, erythrocyte differentiation, iron ion homeostasis and hemoglobin metabolic process confirmed the impaired erythropoiesis induced by congenital asplenia. Our study provides an in-depth understanding of spleen function in regulating heme-iron homeostasis during hematopoiesis, thereby providing valuable insights into pathological responses in splenectomized or congenitally asplenic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang Xie
- National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China; Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center of Southwest University, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yixi Tao
- Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center of Southwest University, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ziwei Shen
- National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Huatang Deng
- National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Xinbin Duan
- National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Chongqing Fisheries Technical Extension Center, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Daqing Chen
- National Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan, Hubei, 430223, China
| | - Yun Li
- Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center of Southwest University, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perfetto M, Rondelli CM, Gillis S, Stratman AN, Yien YY. FAM210B is dispensable for erythroid differentiation in adult mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559581. [PMID: 37823037 PMCID: PMC10563458 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron plays a central role in cellular redox processes, but its ability to adopt multiple oxidation states also enables it to catalyze deleterious reactions. The requirement for iron in erythropoiesis has necessitated the evolution of mechanisms with which to handle the iron required for hemoglobinization. FAM210B was identified as a regulator of mitochondrial iron import and heme synthesis in erythroid cell culture and zebrafish models. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that while FAM210B is required for erythroid differentiation and heme synthesis under standard cell culture conditions, holotransferrin supplementation was sufficient to chemically complement the iron-deficient phenotype. As the biology of FAM210B is complex and context specific, and whole-organism studies on FAM210 proteins have been limited, we sought to unravel the role of FAM210B in erythropoiesis using knockout mice. We were surprised to discover that Fam210b -/- mice were viable and the adults did not have erythropoietic defects in the bone marrow. In contrast to studies in C. elegans, Fam210b -/- mice were also fertile. There were some modest phenotypes, such as a slight increase in lymphocytes and white cell count in Fam210b -/- females, as well as an increase in body weight in Fam210b -/- males. However, our findings suggest that FAM210B may play a more important role in cellular iron homeostasis under iron deficient conditions. Here, we will discuss the cell culture conditions used in iron metabolism studies that can account for the disparate finding on FAM210B function. Moving forward, resolving these discrepancies will be important in identifying novel iron homeostasis genes.
Collapse
|
3
|
Rashk-E-Eram, Mukherjee K, Saha A, Bhattacharjee S, Mallick A, Sarkar B. Nanoscale iron for sustainable aquaculture and beyond. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
4
|
Jia R, Hou Y, Feng W, Li B, Zhu J. Alterations at biochemical, proteomic and transcriptomic levels in liver of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under chronic exposure to environmentally relevant level of glyphosate. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133818. [PMID: 35114268 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of glyphosate (Gly) on aquatic animals has received attention from many researchers. However, the chronic toxicity mechanism of Gly on fish has not yet been clarified entirely. Thus, this study aimed to explore the potential toxicity mechanism of Gly at 2 mg/L, a possibly existing concentration in the aquatic environment, via biochemical, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses in the liver of tilapia. Long-term Gly exposure increased lipid content, and altered redox status in liver. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Gly exposure changed dramatically the expression of 225 genes in liver, including 94 up-regulated genes and 131 down-regulated genes. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analyses showed that these genes were predominantly enriched in ion transport, lipid metabolism and PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) signaling pathway. Meanwhile, at proteomic level, long-term Gly exposure resulted in alteration of 21 proteins, which were principally related to hepatic metabolism function. In conclusion, our data displayed a potential toxicity, mainly manifested as redox imbalance and dysregulation of metabolism function, in the liver of tilapia after long-term Gly exposure at 2 mg/L. This study provided novel insight into underlying toxicity mechanism of long-term Gly exposure at an environmentally relevant concentration in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Wenrong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Jian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Castillo-Castellanos F, Ramírez L, Lomelí H. zmiz1a zebrafish mutants have defective erythropoiesis, altered expression of autophagy genes, and a deficient response to vitamin D. Life Sci 2021; 284:119900. [PMID: 34453946 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
ZMIZ1 is a transcriptional coactivator that is related to members of the protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS) family. ZMIZ1 regulates the activity of various transcription factors including the androgen receptor, p53, and Smad3. ZMIZ1 also interacts with Notch1 and selectively regulates Notch1 target genes relevant for T cell development and leukemogenesis in mammals. Human ZMIZ1 is additionally characterized as a latitude-dependent autoimmune disease (LDAD) risk gene, as it is responsive to vitamin D and has been associated with at least eleven blood cell traits. To address the function of ZMIZ1 in fish, we introduced CRISPR/Cas9 mutations in the zmiz1a gene in zebrafish. We observed that inactivation of zmiz1a in developing zebrafish larvae results in lethality at 15 days post fertilization (dpf) and delayed erythroid maturation. Differential gene expression analysis indicated that 15 dpf zmiz1a-null larvae had altered expression of autophagy genes, and erythrocytes that lacked Zmiz1a function exhibited an accumulation of mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, we observed that autophagy gene expression was dysregulated at earlier stages of development, which suggests the involvement of Zmiz1a in the regulation of autophagy genes beyond the process of red blood cell differentiation. Finally, we showed that the loss of Zmiz1a decreased the capacity of the embryos to respond to vitamin D, indicating additional participation of Zmiz1a as a mediator of vitamin D activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Castillo-Castellanos
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Laura Ramírez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
| | - Hilda Lomelí
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Tian X, Jiao Y, Liu Q, Li R, Wang W. An out of box thinking: the changes of iron-porphyrin during meat processing and gastrointestinal tract and some methods for reducing its potential health hazard. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1390-1405. [PMID: 34387535 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1963946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron-porphyrin is a very important substance in organisms, especially in animals. It is not only the source of iron in human body, but is also the catalytic center of many reactions. Previous studies suggested that adequate intake of iron was important for the health of human, especially for children and pregnant women. However, associated diseases caused by iron over-intake and excessive meat consumption suggested its potential harmfulness for human health. During meat processing, Iron-porphyrin will cause the oxidation of proteins and fatty acids. In the gastrointestinal tract, iron-porphyrin can induce the production of malondialdehyde, fats oxidation, and indirectly cause oxidation of amino acids and nitrates etc. Iron-porphyrin enters the intestinal tract and disturbs the balance of intestinal flora. Finally, some common measures for inhibiting its activity are introduced, including the use of chelating agent, antioxidants, competitive inhibitor, etc., as well as give the hypothesis that sodium chloride increases the catalytic activity of iron-porphyrin. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of current knowledge about the changes of iron-porphyrin in the whole technico- and gastrointesto- processing axis and to provide ideas for further research in meat nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiubo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Herman P, Fehér M, Molnár Á, Harangi S, Sajtos Z, Stündl L, Fábián I, Baranyai E. Iron and Manganese Retention of Juvenile Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Exposed to Contaminated Dietary Zooplankton (Daphnia pulex)-a Model Experiment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:732-743. [PMID: 32447578 PMCID: PMC7746567 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In present study the effect of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) contamination was assessed by modeling a freshwater food web of water, zooplankton (Daphnia pulex), and zebrafish (Danio rerio) under laboratory conditions. Metals were added to the rearing media of D. pulex, and enriched zooplankton was fed to zebrafish in a feeding trial. The elemental analysis of rearing water, zooplankton, and fish revealed significant difference in the treatments compared to the control. In D. pulex the Mn level increased almost in parallel with the dose of supplementation, as well as the Fe level differed statistically. A negative influence of the supplementation on the fish growth was observed: specific growth rate (SGR%) and weight gain (WG) decreased in Fe and Mn containing treatments. The redundancy analysis (RDA) of concentration data showed strong correlation between the rearing water and D. pulex, as well as the prey organism of Fe- and Mn-enriched D. pulex and the predator organism of D. rerio. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) calculated for water to zooplankton further proved the relationship between the Fe and Mn dosage applied in the treatments and measured in D. pulex. Trophic transfer factor (TTF) results also indicate that significant retention of the metals occurred in D. rerio individuals, however, in a much lower extent than in the water to zooplankton stage. Our study suggests that Fe and Mn significantly accumulate in the lower part of the trophic chain and retention is effective through the digestive track of zebrafish, yet no biomagnification occurs. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Herman
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary
| | - Milán Fehér
- Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Áron Molnár
- Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Sándor Harangi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary
| | - Zsófi Sajtos
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary
| | - László Stündl
- Faculty of the Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - István Fábián
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary
| | - Edina Baranyai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Atomic Spectroscopy Partner Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chambers IG, Willoughby MM, Hamza I, Reddi AR. One ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them: The trafficking of heme without deliverers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:118881. [PMID: 33022276 PMCID: PMC7756907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme, as a hydrophobic iron-containing organic ring, is lipid soluble and can interact with biological membranes. The very same properties of heme that nature exploits to support life also renders heme potentially cytotoxic. In order to utilize heme, while also mitigating its toxicity, cells are challenged to tightly control the concentration and bioavailability of heme. On the bright side, it is reasonable to envision that, analogous to other transition metals, a combination of membrane-bound transporters, soluble carriers, and chaperones coordinate heme trafficking to subcellular compartments. However, given the dual properties exhibited by heme as a transition metal and lipid, it is compelling to consider the dark side: the potential role of non-proteinaceous biomolecules including lipids and nucleic acids that bind, sequester, and control heme trafficking and bioavailability. The emergence of inter-organellar membrane contact sites, as well as intracellular vesicles derived from various organelles, have raised the prospect that heme can be trafficked through hydrophobic channels. In this review, we aim to focus on heme delivery without deliverers - an alternate paradigm for the regulation of heme homeostasis through chaperone-less pathways for heme trafficking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Chambers
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, United States of America
| | - Mathilda M Willoughby
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Iqbal Hamza
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, United States of America.
| | - Amit R Reddi
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Otten ABC, Kamps R, Lindsey P, Gerards M, Pendeville-Samain H, Muller M, van Tienen FHJ, Smeets HJM. Tfam Knockdown Results in Reduction of mtDNA Copy Number, OXPHOS Deficiency and Abnormalities in Zebrafish Embryos. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:381. [PMID: 32596237 PMCID: PMC7303330 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers are essential for oogenesis and embryogenesis and correlate with fertility of oocytes and viability of embryos. To understand the pathology and mechanisms associated with low mtDNA copy numbers, we knocked down mitochondrial transcription factor A (tfam), a regulator of mtDNA replication, during early zebrafish development. Reduction of tfam using a splice-modifying morpholino (MO) resulted in a 42 ± 17% decrease in mtDNA copy number in embryos at 4 days post fertilization. Morphant embryos displayed abnormal development of the eye, brain, heart, and muscle, as well as a 50 ± 22% decrease in ATP production. Transcriptome analysis revealed a decrease in protein-encoding transcripts from the heavy strand of the mtDNA, and down-regulation of genes involved in haem production and the metabolism of metabolites, which appear to trigger increased rRNA and tRNA synthesis in the nucleoli. However, this stress or compensatory response appears to fall short as pathology emerges and expression of genes related to eye development are severely down-regulated. Taken together, this study highlights the importance of sufficient mtDNA copies for early zebrafish development. Zebrafish is an excellent model to manipulate the mtDNA bottleneck and study its effect on embryogenesis rapidly and in large numbers of offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Auke B. C. Otten
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rick Kamps
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Patrick Lindsey
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mike Gerards
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory of Organogenesis and Regeneration, Univérsité Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence H. J. van Tienen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Hubert J. M. Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maitra D, Bragazzi Cunha J, Elenbaas JS, Bonkovsky HL, Shavit JA, Omary MB. Porphyrin-Induced Protein Oxidation and Aggregation as a Mechanism of Porphyria-Associated Cell Injury. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:535-548. [PMID: 31233899 PMCID: PMC6820234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic porphyrias comprise eight diseases caused by defects in the heme biosynthetic pathway that lead to accumulation of heme precursors. Consequences of porphyria include photosensitivity, liver damage and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and neurovisceral involvement, including seizures. Fluorescent porphyrins that include protoporphyrin-IX, uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin, are photo-reactive; they absorb light energy and are excited to high-energy singlet and triplet states. Decay of the porphyrin excited to ground state releases energy and generates singlet oxygen. Porphyrin-induced oxidative stress is thought to be the major mechanism of porphyrin-mediated tissue damage. Although this explains the acute photosensitivity in most porphyrias, light-induced porphyrin-mediated oxidative stress does not account for the effect of porphyrins on internal organs. Recent findings demonstrate the unique role of fluorescent porphyrins in causing subcellular compartment-selective protein aggregation. Porphyrin-mediated protein aggregation associates with nuclear deformation, cytoplasmic vacuole formation and endoplasmic reticulum dilation. Porphyrin-triggered proteotoxicity is compounded by inhibition of the proteasome due to aggregation of some of its subunits. The ensuing disruption in proteostasis also manifests in cell cycle arrest coupled with aggregation of cell proliferation-related proteins, including PCNA, cdk4 and cyclin B1. Porphyrins bind to native proteins and, in presence of light and oxygen, oxidize several amino acids, particularly methionine. Noncovalent interaction of oxidized proteins with porphyrins leads to formation of protein aggregates. In internal organs, particularly the liver, light-independent porphyrin-mediated protein aggregation occurs after secondary triggers of oxidative stress. Thus, porphyrin-induced protein aggregation provides a novel mechanism for external and internal tissue damage in porphyrias that involve fluorescent porphyrin accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiman Maitra
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Juliana Bragazzi Cunha
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jared S Elenbaas
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Herbert L Bonkovsky
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, and Molecular Medicine & Translational Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine/NC Baptist Hospital, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jordan A Shavit
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - M Bishr Omary
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|