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Wang S, Sun Y, Lü L, Pan Z. Contributions to the Knowledge of Nemognathinae (Coleoptera: Meloidae) from China. INSECTS 2024; 15:338. [PMID: 38786894 PMCID: PMC11122394 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite being the most widespread blister beetle subfamily, Nemognathinae is unfairly understudied in China. In this study, a new genus and species, Sinostenoria yangi Pan, from northern China is described and illustrated. The antennae, elytra, hind wings, and claws of the new genus form a truly unique set of characteristics never observed in other genera of Nemognathini Laporte de Castelnau, 1840. Three species from China are newly recorded and illustrated: Megatrachelus sibiricus (Tauscher, 1812), Zonitomorpha dollei (Fairmaire 1889), and Stenodera djakonovi Aksentjev, 1978. The genus Oreomeloe Tan, 1981, is transferred from the tribe Meloini Gyllenhal, 1910, to Nemognathini based on an examination of the types. Aiming to test the morphology-based placement of the new genus, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses using two mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and three nuclear markers (28S, CAD, ITS2). The results confirm our tribal assignment of the new genus and support a clade that consists of Sinostenoriagen. n., Longizonitis Pan and Bologna, 2018, Stenoria cf. grandiceps, and Ctenopus cf. persicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
| | - Yinuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Liang Lü
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Y.S.); (L.L.)
| | - Zhao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
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Li J, Han G, Tian X, Liang D, Zhang P. UPrimer: A Clade-Specific Primer Design Program Based on Nested-PCR Strategy and Its Applications in Amplicon Capture Phylogenomics. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad230. [PMID: 37832226 PMCID: PMC10630340 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplicon capture is a promising target sequence capture approach for phylogenomic analyses, and the design of clade-specific nuclear protein-coding locus (NPCL) amplification primers is crucial for its successful application. In this study, we developed a primer design program called UPrimer that can quickly design clade-specific NPCL amplification primers based on genome data, without requiring manual intervention. Unlike other available primer design programs, UPrimer uses a nested-PCR strategy that greatly improves the amplification success rate of the designed primers. We examined all available metazoan genome data deposited in NCBI and developed NPCL primer sets for 21 metazoan groups with UPrimer, covering a wide range of taxa, including arthropods, mollusks, cnidarians, echinoderms, and vertebrates. On average, each clade-specific NPCL primer set comprises ∼1,000 NPCLs. PCR amplification tests were performed in 6 metazoan groups, and the developed primers showed a PCR success rate exceeding 95%. Furthermore, we demonstrated a phylogenetic case study in Lepidoptera, showing how NPCL primers can be used for phylogenomic analyses with amplicon capture. Our results indicated that using 100 NPCL probes recovered robust high-level phylogenetic relationships among butterflies, highlighting the utility of the newly designed NPCL primer sets for phylogenetic studies. We anticipate that the automated tool UPrimer and the developed NPCL primer sets for 21 metazoan groups will enable researchers to obtain phylogenomic data more efficiently and cost-effectively and accelerate the resolution of various parts of the Tree of Life.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaXuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - GuangCheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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3
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Kajtoch Ł, Kolasa M, Mazur MA, Ścibior R, Zając K, Kubisz D. Limited congruence in phylogeographic patterns observed for riverine predacious beetles sharing distribution along the mountain rivers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17883. [PMID: 37857828 PMCID: PMC10587157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44922-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Riverine predacious beetles (RPB) (Carabidae, Staphylinidae) are highly diverse and numerous elements of riverine ecosystems. Their historical and contemporary distribution and diversity are highly dependent on natural flow regimes and topography of watercourses. Despite broad knowledge of their ecology, data on population genetic diversity and connectivity are lacking. This study aimed to fill this gap in order to solve two principal hypotheses assuming (i) congruence of phylogeographic patterns observed for RPB indicating that they share a common history and the ecological adaptations to the dynamic environment, (ii) genetic structuration of populations according to river basins. The Carpathian populations of four ground beetles and three rove beetles were examined using cytochrome oxidase and arginine kinase sequencing. There are substantial differences in RPB demographic history and current genetic diversity. Star-like phylogeny of Bembidion and complex haplotype networks of Paederus/Paederidus, with some haplotypes being drainage-specific and others found in distant populations, indicate a general lack of isolation by distance. Signs of recent demographic expansion were detected for most RPB with the latest population collapse for some rove beetles. To some extent, migration of examined species has to be limited by watersheds. Observed phylogeographic patterns are essential for correctly understanding RPB meta-population functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Kajtoch
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Kolasa
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Miłosz A Mazur
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska 22, 45-050, Opole, Poland
| | - Radosław Ścibior
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | | | - Daniel Kubisz
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
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Pava-Ripoll M, Miller AK, Ziobro GC. Development of A Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Assay for the Potential Detection of Insect Contaminants in Food. J Food Prot 2023:100120. [PMID: 37348561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular methods can potentially be used to detect insect contaminants of food products. In this study, we used three sets of group-specific primers, two of them targeting the amplification of two regions of the insect's mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI-Fa and COI-Fb) and the other targeting a region of the nuclear protein-coding wingless (wg) gene. Using singleplex and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we evaluated the three set of primers using genomic DNA (gDNA) from 48 insect species including food-storage insect pests and known vectors of foodborne pathogens. Seven plant-based food matrices were also evaluated for exclusivity testing. Additionally, we spiked fragments from five insect species in a selected food matrix (whole wheat flour). Singleplex and multiplex PCR amplified single specific bands (401-449 bp), corresponding to the wg gene, from insect species belonging to families Blattidae and Formicidae, and in Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The COI-Fa primers amplified specific bands (171-188 bp) in all Dipteran species and the COI-Fb primers amplified a specific band (∼140 bp) in DNA from Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and P. interpunctella. However, the presence of specific bands in most Coleopterans was not consistent. No amplicon bands were observed in any of the food matrixes tested and the expected pattern of amplicon bands was seen in multiplex reactions using gDNA from spiked food samples. Our multiplex PCR assay targeted specific groups of insects that commonly contaminate foods without amplifying bands from the food matrixes tested; thus, molecular methods may be suitable for detecting insects or their fragments in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pava-Ripoll
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Food Safety, Division of Dairy, Egg and Meat Products, College Park, MD.
| | - Amy K Miller
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Food Safety, Division of Dairy, Egg and Meat Products, College Park, MD
| | - George C Ziobro
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Food Safety, Division of Dairy, Egg and Meat Products, College Park, MD
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Gorring PS, Farrell BD. Evaluating species boundaries using coalescent delimitation in pine-killing Monochamus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) sawyer beetles. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023; 184:107777. [PMID: 36990304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant-feeding beetle species are diverse and often individually highly variable. Accurate classifications can be difficult to establish yet are essential for study of evolutionary patterns and processes. Molecular data are key to further characterizing morphologically difficult groups and defining genus and species boundaries. Monochamus Dejean species are ecologically and economically significant, and in coniferous forests they vector the nematode that causes Pine Wilt Disease. This study uses nuclear and mitochondrial genes to test the monophyly and relationships of Monochamus and applies coalescent methods to further delimit the conifer-feeding species. Monochamus has also included approximately 120 Old World species associated with diverse angiosperm tree species. We sample from these additional morphologically diverse species to determine their placement in the Lamiini. Through supermatrix and coalescent methods, the higher-level relationships of Monochamus show that conifer-feeders are a monophyletic group that includes the type species and has split into Nearctic and Palearctic clades. Molecular dating indicates a single dispersal of conifer-feeders to North America over the second Bering Land Bridge circa 5.3 Ma. All other Monochamus sampled fall in different parts of the Lamiini tree. Small-bodied angiosperm-feeding Monochamus group with the monotypic genus Microgoes Casey. The African Monochamus subgenera sampled are distantly related to the conifer-feeding clade. The multispecies coalescent delimitation methods BPP and STACEY delimit 17 conifer-feeding Monochamus species for a total of 18 species, and supports the retention of all current species. An interrogation with nuclear gene allele phasing reveals that unphased data can be unreliable for accurate delimitations and divergence times. The delimited species are discussed with integrative evidence, highlighting real-world challenges in recognizing the completion of speciation trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Gorring
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St. Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Brian D Farrell
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St. Cambridge, MA, USA
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Zhu XL, Yuan JJ, Zhou LY, Bartolozzi L, Wan X. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of Cyclommatus stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae): Insights into their evolution and diversification in tropical and subtropical Asia. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.974315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclommatus stag beetles (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) are very interesting insects, because of their striking allometry (mandibles can be longer that the whole body in large males of some species) and sexual dimorphism. They mainly inhabit tropical and subtropical forests in Asia. To date, there has been no molecular phylogenetic research on how these stag beetles evolved and diversified. In this study, we constructed the first phylogenetic relationship for Cyclommatus using multi-locus datasets. Analyses showed that Cyclommatus is monophyletic, being subdivided into two well-supported clades (A and B). The clade A includes the island species from Southeast Asia, and the clade B is formed by the continental species. The divergent time estimates showed these beetles split from the outgroup around 43.10 million years ago (Mya) in the late Eocene, divided during the late Oligocene (around 24.90 Mya) and diversified further during the early and middle Miocene (around 18.19 Mya, around 15.17 Mya). RASP analysis suggested that these beetles likely originated in the Philippine archipelago, then dispersed to the other Southeast Asian archipelagoes, Indochina Peninsula, Southeast Himalayas, and Southern China. Moreover, relatively large genetic distance and stable morphological variations signified that the two clades reach the level of inter-generic differences, i.e., the current Cyclommatus should be separated in two genera: Cyclommatus Parry, 1863 including the clade A species, and Cyclommatinus Didier, 1927 covering the clade B species. In addition, the evidence we generated indicated these beetles’ diversification was promoted probably by both long-distance dispersal and colonization, supporting an “Upstream” colonization hypothesis. Our study provides insights into the classification, genetics and evolution of stag beetles in the Oriental region.
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Zhou LY, Zhan ZH, Zhu XL, Wan X. Multilocus phylogeny and species delimitation suggest synonymies of two Lucanus Scopoli, 1763 (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) species names. Zookeys 2022; 1135:139-155. [PMID: 36761796 PMCID: PMC9836572 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1135.89257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationsships of four nominal Lucanus Scopoli, 1763 species, L.swinhoei Parry, 1874, L.continentalis Zilioli, 1998, L.liuyei Huang & Chen, 2010, and L.wuyishanensis Schenk, 1999, are assessed based on mitochondrial (16S rDNA, COI) and nuclear (28S rDNA, Wingless) genes. The genetic distance is 0.0072 between L.swinhoei and L.continentalis, and 0.0094 between L.wuyishanensis and L.liuyei. Three species-delimitation approaches (ABGD, PTP, and GMYC) consistently showed L.swinhoei + L.continentalis and L.wuyishanensis + L.liuyei as two MOTUs. A new synonymy, L.liuyei = L.wuyishanensis, is proposed. Synonymy of L.swinhoei over L.continentalis is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang Zhou
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi Hong Zhan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xue Li Zhu
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xia Wan
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China
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Chou MH, Chu IH, Lau D, Huang JP. Integrative species delimitation reveals fine-scale allopatric speciation in a good-flying insect: a case study on. INVERTEBR SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/is22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Alpha taxonomy is fundamental for many biological fields. Delineation of the species boundary, however, can be challenging in a species complex, where different species share a similar morphology and diagnostic characters may not be available. In this context, integrative approaches that incorporate molecular and morphological data sets, and account for speciation history can be helpful to alpha taxonomy. Different approaches to species delimitation based on different assumptions are complementary and by integrating the results from multiple approaches we can generate a more reliable and objective taxonomic decision. In this study, we applied three molecular approaches to species delimitation and inferred the demographic history based on an isolation with migration model to test a morphologically based taxonomic hypothesis for the Cylindera pseudocylindriformis complex. We discuss the association between genetic divergence and microhabitat specialisation, and further corroborate that C. subtilis sp. nov. is a valid new species by integrating the results from model-based species delimitation and the genealogical divergence index. We argue that genetic endemism can occur at a small geographic scale, even in a winged insect like tiger beetles. Our results also indicated that there may still be undocumented species diversity of Taiwanese Cylindera remaining to be discovered. ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9DEC1432-365C-4872-8D06-73B95F30624F
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9
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Pondehnezhadan E, Chamani A, Salabi F, Soleimani R. Identification, characterization, and molecular phylogeny of scorpion enolase ( Androctonus crassicauda and Hemiscorpius lepturus). TOXIN REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2022.2080223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Pondehnezhadan
- Environmental Science Department, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefeh Chamani
- Environmental Science Department, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salabi
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Soleimani
- Demartment of Plant Protection, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Kadej M, Zając K, Gutowski JM, Jaworski T, Plewa R, Ruta R, Sikora K, Smolis A, Magoga G, Montagna M, Eckelt A, Birkemoe T, Bonacci T, Brandmayr P, Heibl C, Cizek L, Algis Davenis S, Fuchs L, Horak J, Kapla A, Kulijer D, Merkl O, Müller J, Noordijk J, Saluk S, Sverdrup-Thygeson A, Vrezec A, Kajtoch Ł. Disentangling phylogenetic relations and biogeographic history within the Cucujus haematodes species group (Coleoptera: Cucujidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 173:107527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Sites RW. Phylogeny and revised classification of the saucer bugs (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha: Naucoridae). Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The true bug infraorder Nepomorpha contains 11 families with classifications mostly using morphological features and not based on phylogenetic analyses. Presented here is the first molecular-based phylogeny for a family of Nepomorpha including more than half of the constituent taxa. Two nuclear (18S rRNA and 28S rRNA) and two mitochondrial (COI and COII) genes were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships with both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses. Ingroup taxa included all six subfamilies, 41 of the 43 genera, and 221 species and subspecies. Results of the analyses were mostly congruent and revealed Naucoridae to be monophyletic, but two of the subfamilies (Cheirochelinae and Naucorinae) and three genera (Heleocoris, Laccocoris and Naucoris) as polyphyletic. Two clades formerly in Naucorinae were recovered as distinct subfamily-level clades: Macrocorinae subfam. nov. contains the African Macrocoris and Neomacrocoris, and Ilyocorinae stat. nov. contains the Palaearctic Ilyocoris and Neotropical Placomerus. Laccocorinae is unchanged in its constituent membership, but its organization now includes four tribe-level groups. Limnocorinae and the recently revised Cryphocricinae and Ambrysinae are unchanged. An annotated list of all subfamily-, tribe- and genus-group taxa is presented, including new taxa descriptions, synonymies and new combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Sites
- Enns Entomology Museum, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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12
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OUP accepted manuscript. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Chou MH, Tseng WZ, Sang YD, Morgan B, De Vivo M, Kuan YH, Wang LJ, Chen WY, Huang JP. Incipient speciation and its impact on taxonomic decision: a case study using a sky island sister-species pair of stag beetles (Lucanidae: Lucanus). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Species delimitation can be difficult when the divergence between focal taxa is in the incipient stage of speciation, because conflicting results are expected among different data sets, and the species limits can differ depending on the species concept applied. We studied speciation history and investigated the impact on taxonomic decision-making when using different types of data in a Taiwanese endemic sister-species pair of stag beetles, Lucanus miwai and Lucanus yulaoensis, from sky island habitats. We showed that the two geographical taxa can be diagnosed by male mandibular shape. We found two mitochondrial co1 lineages with pairwise sequence divergence > 3%; however, L. miwai might not be monophyletic. The result of our multispecies coalescent-based species delimitation using five nuclear loci supported the evolutionary independence of the two sister species, but the calculated values of the genealogical divergence index (gdi) corresponded to the ambiguous zone of species delimitation. We also showed that post-divergence gene flow is unlikely. Our study demonstrates challenges in the delineation of incipient species, but shows the importance of understanding the speciation history and adopting integrative approaches to reconcile seemingly conflicting results before making evolutionarily relevant taxonomic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsun Chou
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhe Tseng
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yao-De Sang
- Department of Horticulture and Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Brett Morgan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mattia De Vivo
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiu Kuan
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Jong Wang
- Division of Forest Protection, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Chen
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pan Huang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Namaki-Khameneh R, Khaghaninia S, L. Disney RH, Maleki-Ravasan N. The scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) of Iran with the description of Mahabadphora aesthesphora as a new genus and species. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257899. [PMID: 34644330 PMCID: PMC8513852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) are mega-diverse and often synanthropic insects that play superb roles in various ecosystems. Identification of this group of insects is challenging due to their small size, morphological identification difficulties, niche diversity, and lack of taxonomic keys. To pave the way, an in-depth investigation was directed toward the scuttle flies in Iran using morphological and molecular data. A dichotomous key was also developed to identify the genus and species of the phorids reported in the country. The faunistic findings revealed the presence of about 22,000 (13,903 male and 8,097 female) phorid materials organized into 11 genera. Megaselia species (n = 13768), made up about 99% of the specimens studied. Moreover, 71 morphologically defined species belonging to nine genera were molecularly characterized using COI, 28S rRNA, and Arginine kinase datasets. Excluding four Megaselia Rondani, 1856 species, our results specified that morphologically delimited species were in agreement with the molecular analyses inferred from the COI/28S rRNA and COI/Arginine kinase sequences with genetic distances and phylogenetic trees. According to the results of the present study and previously published data, the Phoridae recorded for Iran are a total of 97 species that are ordered in 13 genera and three subfamilies, including Chonocephalinae, Metopininae and Phorinae. By comparing the known world phorid genera, a new monotypic genus of scuttle flies, Mahabadphora aesthesphora gen. nov., sp. nov., was identified based on its morphological and molecular characteristics and included in an updated key. Our results could comprehensively determine the taxonomic status of scuttle flies in Iran, scrutinize their phylogenetic structures and facilitate their identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Namaki-Khameneh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Khaghaninia
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - R. Henry L. Disney
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Morphological and molecular inference of immature stages of Larinus hedenborgi (Col: Curculionidae), a trehala-constructing weevil. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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von Beeren C, Blüthgen N, Hoenle PO, Pohl S, Brückner A, Tishechkin AK, Maruyama M, Brown BV, Hash JM, Hall WE, Kronauer DJC. A remarkable legion of guests: Diversity and host specificity of army ant symbionts. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5229-5246. [PMID: 34406688 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tropical rainforests are among the most diverse biomes on Earth. While species inventories are far from complete for any tropical rainforest, even less is known about the intricate species interactions that form the basis of these ecological communities. One fascinating but poorly studied example are the symbiotic associations between army ants and their rich assemblages of parasitic arthropod guests. Hundreds of these guests, or myrmecophiles, have been taxonomically described. However, because previous work has mainly been based on haphazard collections from disjunct populations, it remains challenging to define species boundaries. We therefore know little about the species richness, abundance and host specificity of most guests in any given population, which is crucial to understand co-evolutionary and ecological dynamics. Here, we report a quantitative community survey of myrmecophiles parasitizing the six sympatric Eciton army ant species in a Costa Rican rainforest. Combining DNA barcoding with morphological identification of over 2,000 specimens, we discovered 62 species, including 49 beetles, 11 flies, one millipede and one silverfish. At least 14 of these species were new to science. Ecological network analysis revealed a clear signal of host partitioning, and each Eciton species was host to both specialists and generalists. These varying degrees in host specificities translated into a moderate level of network specificity, highlighting the system's level of biotic pluralism in terms of biodiversity and interaction diversity. By providing vouchered DNA barcodes for army ant guest species, this study provides a baseline for future work on co-evolutionary and ecological dynamics in these species-rich host-symbiont networks across the Neotropical realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph von Beeren
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,Laboratory of Social Evolution and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Nico Blüthgen
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Philipp O Hoenle
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pohl
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adrian Brückner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Alexey K Tishechkin
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Brian V Brown
- Entomology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Hash
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA
| | - W E Hall
- University of Arizona Insect Collection, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel J C Kronauer
- Laboratory of Social Evolution and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York City, NY, USA
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17
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Kavanaugh DH, Maddison DR, Simison WB, Schoville SD, Schmidt J, Faille A, Moore W, Pflug JM, Archambeault SL, Hoang T, Chen JY. Phylogeny of the supertribe Nebriitae (Coleoptera, Carabidae) based on analyses of DNA sequence data. Zookeys 2021; 1044:41-152. [PMID: 34183875 PMCID: PMC8222211 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1044.62245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogeny of the carabid beetle supertribe Nebriitae is inferred from analyses of DNA sequence data from eight gene fragments including one nuclear ribosomal gene (28S), four nuclear-protein coding genes (CAD, topoisomerase 1, PEPCK, and wingless), and three mitochondrial gene fragments (16S + tRNA-Leu + ND1, COI ("barcode" region) and COI ("Pat/Jer" region)). Our taxon sample included 264 exemplars representing 241 species and subspecies (25% of the known nebriite fauna), 39 of 41 currently accepted genera and subgenera (all except Notiokasis and Archileistobrius), and eight outgroup taxa. Separate maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of individual genes, combined ML analyses of nuclear, nuclear protein-coding, and mitochondrial genes, and combined ML and Bayesian analyses of the eight-gene-fragment matrix resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny of the supertribe, with most nodes in the tree strongly supported. Within Nebriitae, 167 internal nodes of the tree (out of the maximum possible 255) are supported by maximum-likelihood bootstrap values of 90% or more. The tribes Notiophilini, Opisthiini, Pelophilini, and Nebriini are well supported as monophyletic but relationships among these are not well resolved. Nippononebria is a distinct genus more closely related to Leistus than Nebria. Archastes, Oreonebria, Spelaeonebria, and Eurynebria, previously treated as distinct genera by some authors, are all nested within a monophyletic genus Nebria. Within Nebria, four major clades are recognized: (1) the Oreonebria Series, including eight subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (the Eonebria and Oreonebria Complexes); (2) the Nebriola Series, including only subgenus Nebriola; (3) the Nebria Series, including ten subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes, the Boreonebria and Nebria Complexes, with the latter further subdivided into three subgeneric subcomplexes (the Nebria, Epinebriola, and Eunebria Subcomplexes)); and (4) the Catonebria Series, including seven subgenera arrayed in two subgeneric complexes (the Reductonebria and Catonebria Complexes). A strong concordance of biogeography with the inferred phylogeny is noted and some evident vicariance patterns are highlighted. A revised classification, mainly within the Nebriini, is proposed to reflect the inferred phylogeny. Three genus-group taxa (Nippononebria, Vancouveria and Archastes) are given revised status and seven are recognized as new synonymies (Nebriorites Jeannel, 1941 and Marggia Huber, 2014 = Oreonebria Daniel, 1903; Pseudonebriola Ledoux & Roux, 1989 = Boreonebria Jeannel, 1937; Patrobonebria Bänninger, 1923, Paranebria Jeannel, 1937 and Barbonebriola Huber & Schmidt, 2017 = Epinebriola Daniel & Daniel, 1904; and Asionebria Shilenkov, 1982 = Psilonebria Andrewes, 1923). Six new subgenera are proposed and described for newly recognized clades: Parepinebriola Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species: Nebria delicata Huber & Schmidt, 2017), Insulanebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species: Nebria carbonaria Eschscholtz, 1829), Erwinebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species Nebria sahlbergii Fischer von Waldheim, 1828), Nivalonebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species: Nebria paradisi Darlington, 1931), Neaptenonebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species: Nebria ovipennis LeConte, 1878), and Palaptenonebria Kavanaugh subgen. nov. (type species: Nebria mellyi Gebler, 1847). Future efforts to better understand relationships within the supertribe should aim to expand the taxon sampling of DNA sequence data, particularly within subgenera Leistus and Evanoleistus of genus Leistus and the Nebria Complex of genus Nebria.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Kavanaugh
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - David R. Maddison
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - W. Brian Simison
- Center for Comparative Genomics, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Sean D. Schoville
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Joachim Schmidt
- Institute of Biosciences, University of Rostock, Universitätsplatz 2, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Arnaud Faille
- Department of Entomology, Coleoptera, Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wendy Moore
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0036, USA
| | - James M. Pflug
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Sophie L. Archambeault
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, 142 Weill Hall #3200, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Tinya Hoang
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Jei-Ying Chen
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
- University of California, Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, 117 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
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18
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Liu M, Huang M, Cline AR, Mancini E, Scaramuzzi A, Paradisi S, Audisio P, Badano D, Sabatelli S. Rosaceae, Brassicaceae and pollen beetles: exploring relationships and evolution in an anthophilous beetle lineage (Nitidulidae, Meligethes-complex of genera) using an integrative approach. Front Zool 2021; 18:9. [PMID: 33676546 PMCID: PMC7936458 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meligethes are pollen-beetles associated with flowers of Rosaceae as larvae. This genus currently consists of 63 known species in two subgenera, Meligethes and Odonthogethes, predominantly occurring in the eastern Palaearctic. We analyzed 74 morphological and ecological characters (169 states) of all species, as well as of 11 outgroup species from 7 Meligethinae genera (including Brassicogethes), to investigate their phylogeny. We also conducted a parallel molecular analysis on 9 Meligethes, 9 Odonthogethes, 3 Brassicogethes and 2 Meligethinus species based on DNA sequence data from mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (CAD) genes. RESULTS Morphological phylogenetic reconstructions supported the monophyly of the whole genus and clades corresponding to purported subgenera Meligethes s.str. and Odonthogethes. Main species-groups were mostly confirmed, however some unresolved polytomies remained. Molecular data placed members of Brassicogethes (including 42 mostly W Palearctic species associated with Brassicaceae) as sister to Odonthogethes, with this clade being sister to Meligethes s.str. This phylogenetic scenario suggests that monophyletic Meligethes s.str., Odonthogethes and Brassicogethes should be regarded alternatively as three subgenera of a monophyletic Meligethes, or three genera in a monophyletic genus-complex, with mutually monophyletic Brassicogethes and Odonthogethes. Molecular analyses estimated the origin of this lineage at ca. 14-15 Mya from a common stem including Meligethinus. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that the ancestor of Meligethes specialized on Rosaceae in the Middle Miocene (likely in Langhian Age) and subsequently radiated during Late Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene maintaining a trophic niche on this plant family. This radiation was primarily due to geographic isolation in E Asiatic mountain systems. Combined evidence from morphology, ancestral state parsimony reconstruction of host-plant associations and molecular evidence suggested that Rosoideae (Rosa spp.) represented the ancestral hosts of Meligethes s.str., followed by an independent shift of ancestral Odonthogethes (ca. 9-15 Mya) on Rubus (Rosoideae) and members of Rosaceae Spiraeoideae. Other ancestral Odonthogethes probably shifted again on the unrelated plant family Brassicaceae (maybe 8-14 Mya in S China), allowing a rapid westward radiation of the Brassicogethes clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Andrew Richard Cline
- California Department of Food & Agriculture, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Emiliano Mancini
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaramuzzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Paradisi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Audisio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Badano
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Sabatelli
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Yuan JJ, Chen D, Wan X. A multilocus assessment reveals two new synonymies for East Asian Cyclommatus stag beetles (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Zookeys 2021; 1021:65-79. [PMID: 33727883 PMCID: PMC7943532 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1021.58832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclommatus scutellaris Möllenkamp, 1912, Cyclommatus elsae Kriesche, 1921 and Cyclommatus tamdaoensis Fujita, 2010 are East Asian stag beetle species with long-debated taxonomic relationships due to high intraspecific morphological variability. In this study, we applied multilocus phylogenetic analyses to reassess their relationships. Two mitochondrial genes (16S rDNA, COI) and two nuclear genes (28S rDNA, Wingless) were used to reconstruct the phylogeny through the Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. Both topologies supported two clades: the clade C. scutellaris was sister to the clade (C. elsae + C. tamdaoensis) with the subclade C. tamdaoensis embedded in the subclade C. elsae. The Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance analysis yielded a low mean value (≤0.035) among the three taxa, which was well below the minimum mean value between other Cyclommatus species (≥0.122). We also compared the accuracy and efficiency of two approaches, GMYC and ABGD, in delimitating the three lineages. The result shows that ABGD is a better approach than GMYC. Our molecular data recognizes the three species as different populations of a single species, ranging from Taiwan Island to the continent. Therefore, we propose two new junior synonyms for C. scutellaris: C. tamdaoensis, syn. nov. and C. elsae syn. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao Yuan
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China Anhui University Hefei China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hefei 230601, China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Hefei China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China Anhui University Hefei China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hefei 230601, China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Hefei China
| | - Xia Wan
- Department of Ecology, School of Resources and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Rd., Hefei 230601, China Anhui University Hefei China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hefei 230601, China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration Hefei China
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20
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Maddison DR. Shards, sequences, and shorelines: two new species of Bembidion from North America (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Zookeys 2021; 1007:85-128. [PMID: 33505182 PMCID: PMC7788075 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1007.60012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new species of Bembidion are described from river shores in North America. One, Bembidionmimbressp. nov., from the Gila River watershed in the lands of the Mimbres culture in New Mexico and Arizona, is closely related to the widespread Bembidionlevigatum. DNA sequences from several linkage groups and morphology provide evidence of the distinctiveness of B.mimbres. The second, Bembidioncorgenomasp. nov., has been the subject of recent genomic and transcriptomic studies. It belongs in the Bembidiontransversale subgroup, and occurs from California north to British Columbia, east to Montana and Nevada. The B.transversale subgroup as a whole is reviewed, and morphological characters that distinguish B.corgenoma from the similar and sympatric B.transversale and B.erosum are described and illustrated. DNA sequences of these three species show no consistent differences in 28S, COI, CAD, and Topoisomerase, and a coalescent species delimitation analysis reveals no notable structure within the complex. This is the first known trio of species within Bembidion for which those genes provide no clear signal of species boundaries. A neotype is designated for the one name in the group that lacks a primary type, Bembidiumhaplogonum Chaudoir. Chromosomes of the new species and their relatives are as is typical for Bembidion, with eleven pairs of autosomes and an XY/XX sex chromosome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Maddison
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA Oregon State University Corvallis United States of America
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21
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Żyła D, Bogri A, Heath TA, Solodovnikov A. Total-evidence analysis resolves the phylogenetic position of an enigmatic group of Paederinae rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 157:107059. [PMID: 33383175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.107059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Paederinae is one of the most diverse subfamilies among rove beetles, yet their evolutionary history remains poorly understood. This is attributed to the limited number of phylogenetic studies, which either sought answers at a shallower taxonomic level or included limited taxon sampling. Especially problematic is the position of the rare Neotropical tribe Cylindroxystini, morphologically one of the most puzzling groups of Paederinae. The phylogenetic position of this group within Paederinae was never understood, though its rank in the classification has already been shifted twice. We assembled molecular and morphological data matrices sampled from all currently recognized Paederinae subtribes, including both genera of Cylindroxystini, and used these data to estimate phylogenetic relationships using Bayesian inference. A total of 123 morphological characters and 4,631 bp of nuclear (28S, TP, Wg, CADA, CADC, ArgK) and mitochondrial (COI) sequences were analyzed for 76 taxa. The current tribe Cylindroxystini was resolved as a monophylum within the tribe Lathrobiini as sister to the genus Pseudolathra, and together they are sister to the so-called 'Medonina and allied taxa' clade. Based on these results, we downgraded Cylindroxystini back to the subtribal level, Cylindroxystina status reinstated, now with a known sister group. The resulting phylogeny is the largest of the subfamily Paederinae to date and lays the foundation for establishing a natural classification of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Żyła
- Iowa State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology, 2200 Osborn Dr, Ames, IA 50011, USA; University of Gdańsk, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Amalia Bogri
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tracy A Heath
- Iowa State University, Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology, 2200 Osborn Dr, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Alexey Solodovnikov
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaja emb. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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22
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Huang W, Xie X, Peng F, Liang X, Wang X, Chen X. Optimizing the widely used nuclear protein-coding gene primers in beetle phylogenies and their application in the genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7731-7738. [PMID: 32760560 PMCID: PMC7391345 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomic biology and the increasing availability of genomic resources allow developing hundreds of nuclear protein-coding (NPC) markers, which can be used in phylogenetic research. However, for low taxonomic levels, it may be more practical to select a handful of suitable molecular loci for phylogenetic inference. Unfortunately, the presence of degenerate primers of NPC markers can be a major impediment, as the amplification success rate is low and they tend to amplify nontargeted regions. In this study, we optimized five NPC fragments widely used in beetle phylogenetics (i.e., two parts of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase: CADXM and CADMC, Topoisomerase, Wingless and Pepck) by reducing the degenerate site of primers and the length of target genes slightly. These five NPC fragments and 6 other molecular loci were amplified to test the monophyly of the coccinellid genus Sasajiscymnus Vandenberg. The analysis of our molecular data set clearly supported the genus Sasajiscymnus may be monophyletic but confirmation with an extended sampling is required. A fossil-calibrated chronogram was generated by BEAST, indicating an origin of the genus at the end of the Cretaceous (77.87 Myr). Furthermore, a phylogenetic informativeness profile was generated to compare the phylogenetic properties of each gene more explicitly. The results showed that COI provides the strongest phylogenetic signal among all the genes, but Pepck, Topoisomerase, CADXM and CADMC are also relatively informative. Our results provide insight into the evolution of the genus Sasajiscymnus, and also enrich the molecular data resources for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiufeng Xie
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic CollegeGuangzhouChina
| | - Feng Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinyue Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaosheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant GermplasmDepartment of Forest ProtectionCollege of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong ProvinceEngineering Research Center of BiocontrolMinistry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceGuangzhouChina
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23
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Zhu X, Ma T, Imura Y, Wen X, Kubota K. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the genus
Platycerus
(Coleoptera, Lucanidae) in East Asia. ZOOL SCR 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue‐Jiao Zhu
- Laboratory of Forest Zoology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Bunkyo, Tokyo Japan
| | - Tao Ma
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | | | - Xiu‐Jun Wen
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Kôhei Kubota
- Laboratory of Forest Zoology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Bunkyo, Tokyo Japan
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24
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Jusoh WFA, Ballantyne L, Chan KO. DNA-based species delimitation reveals cryptic and incipient species in synchronous flashing fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) of Southeast Asia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Synchronous flashing fireflies of the genus Pteroptyx are ubiquitous throughout Southeast Asia, yet fundamental knowledge about their biodiversity is lacking. Recent studies have revealed notable population-level phylogeographical structure within the Pteroptyx tener and P. bearni groups in Malaysia, suggesting that cryptic species may exist. Additionally, morphological and genetic similarities between P. balingiana and P. malaccae have raised questions about the former’s validity as a distinct species. We collected samples from previously unsampled populations and assembled the most comprehensive genetic dataset for Pteroptyx to date, to characterize species boundaries within the P. tener, P. bearni and P. malaccae groups. Using a suite of species delimitation analyses, we show that P. tener along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia (PM) is distinct from populations from the east coast and Borneo despite the absence of morphological differentiation. However, analyses could not conclusively differentiate P. bearni from Borneo and eastern PM, nor identify P. balingiana and P. malaccae as distinct species, indicating that these populations may be conspecific or represent incipient species. This study underlines the need to increase geographical, taxonomic and genetic sampling of Southeast Asian fireflies to provide a better understanding of their biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan F A Jusoh
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lesley Ballantyne
- School of Agricultural and Wine Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
| | - Kin Onn Chan
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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25
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Maddison DR, Sproul JS. Species delimitation, classical taxonomy and genome skimming: a review of the ground beetle genus Lionepha (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The western North American genus Lionepha is shown to contain at least 11 species through a combination of eight-gene species delimitation analyses and morphological study. In order to confirm the names of several species, we sequence DNA of primary types of several names, including a LeConte lectotype collected in the 1850s, using next-generation sequencing. We examine chromosomes of eight species, and show that all have 12 pairs of autosomes and an X0/XX sex-chromosome system. The following species are described as new: Lionepha australerasa, L. kavanaughi, L. lindrothi and L. tuulukwa. The name Lionepha erasa is shown to belong to a relatively rare, western species ranging from Oregon through Alaska; the common, widespread species previously known as Lionepha erasa now takes the name L. probata. Bembidion chintimini, B. lindrothellus and B. lummi are synonymized with L. erasa. We provide tools to identify specimens to species, including illustrations, diagnoses and distribution maps.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Maddison
- Department of Integrative Biology, 3029 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - John S Sproul
- Department of Integrative Biology, 3029 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Souza DDS, Marinoni L, Monné ML, Gómez-Zurita J. Molecular phylogenetic assessment of the tribal classification of Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 145:106736. [PMID: 31978488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lamiinae is the most diverse subfamily of longhorned beetles, with about 20,000 described species classified into 80 tribes. Most of the tribes of Lamiinae were proposed during the 19th century and the suprageneric classification of the subfamily has never been assessed under phylogenetic criteria. In this study, we present the first tribal-level phylogeny of Lamiinae, inferred from 130 terminals (representing 46 tribes, prioritizing generic type species of the tribes) and fragments of two mitochondrial and three nuclear markers (cox1, rrnL, Wg, CPS and LSU; 5,024 aligned positions in total). Analyses were performed under Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods based on two datasets: a dataset including all taxa available for the study, and a reduced dataset with 111 terminals where taxa only contributing with mitochondrial markers were excluded from the matrix. The monophyly of Lamiinae was corroborated in three of the four analyses and 11 of the 35 tribes with more than one species represented in the analyses were consistently recovered as monophyletic. However, 15 tribes were not retrieved as monophyletic, requiring a revision of their boundaries: Acanthocinini, Acanthoderini, Agapanthiini, Apomecynini, Desmiphorini, Dorcaschematini, Enicodini, Hemilophini, Monochamini, Onciderini, Parmenini, Phytoeciini, Pogonocherini, Pteropliini and Saperdini. Based on these results, when strong support values for paraphyly were recovered, we argue a number of tribe synonymies, including Moneilemini as synonym of Acanthocinini; Onocephalini of Onciderini; Dorcadionini, Gnomini, Monochamini and Rhodopinini of Lamiini; and Obereini and Phytoeciini of Saperdini. Other taxonomic changes proposed in this study based on the criterion of monophyly and supported by morphological characters include the transfer of Tricondyloides and Stenellipsis to Enicodini, and of Dylobolus stat. rest., which is removed as subgenus of Mecas and restituted as genus, to Hemilophini. Furthermore, our analyses suggest that Ostedes and Neohoplonotus should be removed from Acanthocinini and Parmenini, respectively, and Colobotheini should be redefined to encompass several genera currently placed in Acanthocinini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego de Santana Souza
- Department of Entomology, National Museum, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-University Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luciane Marinoni
- Department of Zoology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcela Laura Monné
- Department of Entomology, National Museum, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jesús Gómez-Zurita
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-University Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
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Mountains as Islands: Species Delimitation and Evolutionary History of the Ant-Loving Beetle Genus Panabachia (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) from the Northern Andes. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11010064. [PMID: 31968550 PMCID: PMC7023032 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ant-loving beetle genus Panabachia Park 1942 is a poorly studied beetle lineage from the new world tropics. We recently collected Panabachia from several previously unrecorded locations in the páramo biome of the high Ecuadorian Andes, with males exhibiting great morphological variation in the distribution of the foveae and depressions in the pronotum, as well as aspects of the male genitalia. Here, we employ phylogenetic and species delimitation methods with mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear protein-coding (wingless) gene sequences to examine the concordance of morphological characters and geography with hypothesized species boundaries. Three methods of species delimitation (bPTP, GMYC and Stacey) were used to estimate the number of species, and divergence times between putative species using molecular clock calibration. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two parallel radiations, and species delimitation analyses suggest there are between 17 and 22 putative species. Based on clade support and concordance across species delimitation methods we hypothesize 17 distinct clusters, with allopatric speciation consistent with most geographic patterns. Additionally, a widespread species appears to be present in northern páramo sites, and some sister species sympatry may indicate other diversification processes have operated on certain lineages of Panabachia. Divergence time estimates suggest that Panabachia originated in the Miocene, but most species analyzed diverged during the Pliocene and Pleistocene (5.3-0.11 Mya), contemporaneous with the evolution of páramo plant species.
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Brookes DR, Hereward JP, Walter GH, Furlong MJ. Origins, Divergence, and Contrasting Invasion History of the Sweet Potato Weevil Pests Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Brentidae) and Euscepes batatae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Asia-Pacific. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2931-2939. [PMID: 31352482 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cylas formicarius F. and Euscepes batatae Waterhouse are the most damaging sweet potato insect pests globally. Both weevils are thought to have invaded the Pacific alongside the movement of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Convolvulaceae), with C. formicarius having originated in India and E. batatae in Central or South America. Here we compare the genetic relationships between populations of the pests, primarily in the Asia-Pacific, to understand better their contemporary population structure and their historical movement relative to that of sweet potato. Cylas formicarius has divergent mitochondrial lineages that indicate a more complex biogeographic and invasive history than is presently assumed for this insect, suggesting it was widespread across the Asia-Pacific before the arrival of sweet potato. Cylas formicarius must have originally fed on Ipomoea species other than I. batatas but the identity of these species is presently unknown. Cylas formicarius was formerly designated as three species or subspecies and the genetic data presented here suggests that these designations should be reinvestigated. Euscepes batatae has very low genetic diversity which is consistent with its historical association with sweet potato and a recent introduction to the Asia-Pacific from the Americas. The distribution of E. batatae may be narrower than that of C. formicarius in the Asia-Pacific because it has relied relatively more on human-assisted movement. Consequently, E. batatae may become more widespread in the future. Investigating the invasion history of both species will help to understand the probability and nature of future invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean R Brookes
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - James P Hereward
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gimme H Walter
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael J Furlong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Johnston MA. Phylogenetic revision of the psammophilic Trogloderus LeConte (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), with biogeographic implications for the Intermountain Region. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8039. [PMID: 31741795 PMCID: PMC6858821 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Trogloderus LeConte, 1879, which is restricted to dunes and sandy habitats in the western United States, is revised using morphological and molecular information. Six new species are described from desert regions: Trogloderus arcanus New Species (Lahontan Trough); Trogloderus kandai New Species (Owens Valley); Trogloderus major New Species (Mohave Desert); Trogloderus skillmani New Species (eastern Great Basin and Mohave Desert); Trogloderus verpus New Species (eastern Colorado Plateau); and Trogloderus warneri New Species (western Colorado Plateau). A molecular phylogeny is presented for the genus and used to infer its historical biogeography. The most recent common ancestor of Trogloderus is dated to 5.2 mya and is inferred to have inhabited the Colorado Plateau. Current species most likely arose during the mid-Pleistocene where the geographic features of the Lahontan Trough, Bouse Embayment and Kaibab Plateau were significant factors driving speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Andrew Johnston
- Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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30
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Gómez-Zurita J, Cardoso A. Phylogeographic assessment of mtDNA paraphyly and the evolution of unisexuality in Calligrapha
(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Gómez-Zurita
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Barcelona Spain
| | - Anabela Cardoso
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Barcelona Spain
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Moškrič A, Verovnik R. Five nuclear protein-coding markers for establishing a robust phylogenetic framework of niphargid crustaceans (Niphargidae: Amphipoda) and new molecular sequence data. Data Brief 2019; 25:104134. [PMID: 31297423 PMCID: PMC6598839 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented here includes selection of 5 successfully amplified protein-coding markers for inferring phylogenetic relationships of the family of amphipod crustaceans Niphargidae. These markers have been efficiently amplified from niphargid samples for the first time and present the framework for robust phylogenetic assessment of the family Niphargidae. They are useful for phylogenetic purposes among other amphipod genera as well. In detail, the data consists of two parts: 1. Information regarding markers, specific oligonucleotide primer pairs and conditions for PCR reaction that enables successful amplification of specific nucleotide fragments. Two pairs of novel oligonucleotide primers were constructed which enable partial sequence amplification of two housekeeping genes: arginine kinase (ArgKin) and glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), respectively. Additionally, 3 existing combinations of oligonucleotide primer pairs for protein-coding loci for glutamyl-prolyl tRNA synthetase (EPRS), opsin (OP) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) were proven to be suitable to amplify specific nucleotide fragments from selected amphipod specimens; 2. Information on novel nucleotide sequences from amphipod taxa of the family Niphagidae and related outgroup taxa. Unilocus phylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian analysis and show relationships among selected taxa. Altogether 299 new nucleotide sequences from 92 specimens of the family Niphargidae and related outgroup amphipod taxa are deposited in GenBank (NCBI) repository and available for further use in phylogenetic analyses.
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Muñoz-Tobar SI, Caterino MS. The role of dispersal for shaping phylogeographical structure of flightless beetles from the Andes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7226. [PMID: 31304068 PMCID: PMC6611450 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Páramo is a tropical alpine ecosystem present in the northern Andes. Its patchy distribution imposes limits and barriers to specialist inhabitants. We aim to assess the effects of this habitat distribution on divergence across two independently flightless ground beetle lineages, in the genera Dyscolus and Dercylus. Methods One nuclear and one mitochondrial gene from 110 individuals from 10 sites across the two lineages were sequenced and analyzed using a combination of phylogenetics, population genetic analyses, and niche modeling methods. Results The two lineages show different degrees of population subdivision. Low levels of gene flow were found in Dyscolus alpinus, where one dominant haplotype is found in four out of the six populations analyzed for both molecular markers. However, complete population isolation was revealed in species of the genus Dercylus, where high levels of differentiation exist at species and population level for both genes. Maximum entropy models of species in the Dercylus lineage show overlapping distributions. Still, species distributions appear to be restricted to small areas across the Andes. Conclusion Even though both beetle lineages are flightless, the dispersal ability of each beetle lineage appears to influence the genetic diversity across fragmented páramo populations, where Dyscolus alpinus appears to be a better disperser than species in the genus Dercylus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia I Muñoz-Tobar
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Michael S Caterino
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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Tonantzin, a New Genus of Bess Beetle (Coleoptera, Passalidae) from a Montane Subtropical Forest in Central Mexico, with a Review of the Taxonomic Significance of the Mesofrontal Structure in Proculini. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10070188. [PMID: 31261626 PMCID: PMC6681322 DOI: 10.3390/insects10070188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mexico has the third highest diversity of passalid beetles in the World. Here we describe Tonantzinnew genus, a new monotypic genus, potentially endemic to the mountains of central Mexico. The new genus is diagnosed by a new configuration of characters from the mesofrontal structure (MFS) in addition to other characters. The MFS in Passalidae has been treated either as a composite complex character or a combination of individual characters. Using a broad taxonomic sample within Proculini, we discuss the taxonomic and systematic implications of the MFS for the tribe. We define the MFS type tepetl. Given the importance of the MFS for passalid taxonomy we propose a new delimitation of the structure using boundaries based on internal and external head structures. We argue that the treatment of the MFS as a complex character better captures the nature of this structure but we ultimately find a need to standardize the way in which this structure is described in the taxonomic literature and used in phylogenetic analyses.
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Simões MVP, Baca SM, Toussaint EFA, Windsor DM, Short AEZ. Solving a thorny situation: DNA and morphology illuminate the evolution of the leaf beetle tribe Dorynotini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna V P Simões
- Department of Marine Zoology-Crustaceans, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephen M Baca
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - Donald M Windsor
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Republica de Panamá
| | - Andrew E Z Short
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Phylogeny of the beetle supertribe Trechitae (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Unexpected clades, isolated lineages, and morphological convergence. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 132:151-176. [PMID: 30468941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Using data from two nuclear ribosomal genes and four nuclear protein-coding genes, we infer a well-resolved phylogeny of major lineages of the carabid beetle supertribe Trechitae, based upon a sampling of 259 species. Patrobini is the sister group of Trechitae, but the genus Lissopogonus appears to be outside of the Patrobini + Trechitae clade. We find that four enigmatic trechite genera from the Southern Hemisphere, Bembidarenas, Argentinatachoides, Andinodontis, and Tasmanitachoides, form a clade that is the sister group of Trechini; we describe this clade as a new tribe, Bembidarenini. Bembidarenini + Trechini form the sister group of remaining trechites. Within Trechini, subtribe Trechodina is not monophyletic, as three trechodine genera from Australia (Trechobembix, Paratrechodes, Cyphotrechodes) are the sister group of subtribe Trechina. Trechini appears to have originated in the continents of the Southern Hemisphere, with almost all Northern Hemisphere lineages representing a single radiation within the subtribe Trechina. We present moderate evidence that the geographically and phylogenetically isolated genera Sinozolus (six species in the mountains of China), Chaltenia (one species in Argentina and Chile), and Phrypeus (one species in western North America) also form a clade, the tribe Sinozolini. The traditionally recognized tribe Bembidiini sens. lat., diagnosed by the presence of a subulate terminal palpomere, is shown to be polyphyletic; subulate palpomeres have arisen five times within Trechitae. Anillini is monophyletic, and the sister group of Tachyini + Pogonini + Bembidiini + Zolini + Sinozolini; within anillines, we confirm earlier results indicating the eyed New Zealand genus Nesamblyops as the sister to the rest. Sampled New World Pogonini are monophyletic, rendering the genus Pogonus non-monophyletic. Tachyina and Xystosomina are sister groups. Within Xystosomina, the New World members are monophyletic, and are sister to an Australia-New Zealand clade. The latter consists of the genus Philipis as well as taxa not previously recognized as xystosomines: Kiwitachys, the "Tachys" ectromioides group, and "Tachys" mulwalensis. Within Tachyina, the subgenus Elaphropus is not closely related to other subgenera previously placed in the genus Elaphropus; we move the other subgenera into the genus Tachyura. Tachyina with a bifoveate mentum do not form a clade; in fact, a bifoveate mentum is found in Xystosomina, Sinozolini, Trechini, Trechitae and its sister group, Patrobini. Extensive homoplasy in the morphological characters previously used as key indicators of relationship is supported by our results: in addition to multiple origins of subulate palpomeres and bifoveate menta, a concave protibial notch has arisen independently in Anillina, Xystosomina, and Tachyina. Phylogenetically and geographically isolated, species-poor lineages in Trechini, Bembidarenini, and Sinozolini may be relicts of more widespread faunas; many of these are found today on gravel or sand shores of creeks and rivers, which may be an ancestral habitat for portions of Trechitae. In addition to the description of Bembidarenini, we present a diagnosis of the newly delimited Sinozolini, and keys to the tribes of Trechitae.
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Schaller JC, Davidowitz G, Papaj DR, Smith RL, Carrière Y, Moore W. Molecular phylogeny, ecology and multispecies aggregation behaviour of bombardier beetles in Arizona. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205192. [PMID: 30379830 PMCID: PMC6209175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregations of conspecific animals are common and have been documented in most phyla. Multispecies aggregations are less common and less well studied. Eight species of Brachinus beetles -famous for their unique, highly effective, chemical defense-regularly settle together form large diurnal multispecies aggregations in dark, moist areas in riparian habitats in the Sonoran Desert Region. Here, we document these multispecies aggregations and investigate the incidence and dynamics of aggregation behavior. Analysis of species composition of 59 field-collected aggregations revealed that 71% contained more than one species, eight species regularly co-occurred in aggregations, and no two species showed a preference to aggregate with one another. We provide the first phylogenetic analyses of participants in multispecies aggregations, and find that Brachinus species found together in aggregations are not each other's closest relatives but rather are dispersed throughout the phylogeny of the genus. Further, we find no tendency for species to aggregate with close relatives more frequently than distant relatives. Laboratory experiments on B. elongatulus showed that it chose to settle in occupied shelters over empty shelters. Experiments with B. hirsutus and B. elongatulus showed that B. hirsutus prefers to settle under shelters housing heterospecifics over conspecifics. Our findings suggest that these multispecies aggregations do not form by chance, but rather are initiated by a genus-wide aggregation cue associated with the presence of individuals already in a shelter, which is likely to be chemical and potentially tactile in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason C. Schaller
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Goggy Davidowitz
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Daniel R. Papaj
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Smith
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Yves Carrière
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Wendy Moore
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Eberle J, Bazzato E, Fabrizi S, Rossini M, Colomba M, Cillo D, Uliana M, Sparacio I, Sabatinelli G, Warnock RCM, Carpaneto G, Ahrens D. Sex-Biased Dispersal Obscures Species Boundaries in Integrative Species Delimitation Approaches. Syst Biol 2018; 68:441-459. [DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syy072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Eberle
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Erika Bazzato
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Botany Division, University of Cagliari, viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123, Cagliari (CA), Italy
| | - Silvia Fabrizi
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michele Rossini
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Strada dei Guazzi, 1/3, 61122 Pesaro (PU), Italy
| | - Mariastella Colomba
- Università di Urbino, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari (DiSB), Via maggetti 22, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | | | - Marco Uliana
- Museo di Storia Naturale, Santa Croce 1730, 30135 Venezia, Italy
| | | | - Guido Sabatinelli
- Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Route de Malagnou 1, 1208 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Giuseppe Carpaneto
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, Viale Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Dirk Ahrens
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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Anderson RS, Caterino MS. A revision of the genus Eurhoptus LeConte, 1876 (Curculionidae, Cryptorhynchinae) of America north of Mexico. Zookeys 2018:37-80. [PMID: 30310355 PMCID: PMC6177525 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.787.26948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Eurhoptus LeConte, 1876 is revised for America north of Mexico. Eight species are recognized including E.pyriformis LeConte, 1876, E.sordidus (LeConte, 1876), E.curtus (Hamilton, 1893), resurrected name, and five new species as follows: E.rileyi new species (type locality, Texas, Hidalgo County, Bentsen Rio Grande State Park), E.imbricatus new species (type locality, Texas, Bandera County, Lost Maples State Natural Area), E.cariniventris new species (type locality, Texas, Bandera County, Lost Maples State Natural Area), E.occidentalis new species (type locality, Texas, Brewster County, Big Bend National Park), and E.aenigmaticus new species (type locality, Alabama, Winston County, Bankhead National Forest). Descriptions or redescriptions, and images of taxonomically important structures are presented for all species. A key to the eight species is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Anderson
- Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Research and Collection Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, ON. K1P 6P4, Canada Canadian Museum of Nature Ottawa Canada
| | - Michael S Caterino
- John and Suzanne Morse Chair of Arthropod Biodiversity, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, 277 Poole Agricultural Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0310, USA Clemson University Clemson United States of America
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Salvi D, Maura M, Pan Z, Bologna MA. Phylogenetic systematics of
Mylabris
blister beetles (Coleoptera, Meloidae): a molecular assessment using species trees and total evidence. Cladistics 2018; 35:243-268. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Salvi
- Department of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 Coppito L'Aquila Italy
- CIBIO‐InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos Universidade do Porto Campus Agrário de Vairão 4485‐661 Vairão Portugal
| | - Michela Maura
- Dipartimento di Scienze Università Roma Tre Viale G. Marconi 446 00146 Roma Italy
| | - Zhao Pan
- College of Life Science Hebei University Wusidong Road 180 071002 Baoding City Hebei Province China
| | - Marco A. Bologna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Università Roma Tre Viale G. Marconi 446 00146 Roma Italy
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40
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Hjalmarsson AE, Graf W, Jähnig SC, Vitecek S, Pauls SU. Molecular association and morphological characterisation of Himalopsyche larval types (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae). Zookeys 2018; 773:79-108. [PMID: 30026662 PMCID: PMC6048183 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.773.24319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Himalopsyche Banks, 1940 (Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae) is a genus of caddisflies inhabiting mountain and alpine environments in Central and East Asia and the Nearctic. Of 53 known species, only five species have been described previously in the aquatic larval stage. We perform life stage association using three strategies (GMYC, PTP, and reciprocal monophyly) based on fragments of two molecular markers: the nuclear CAD, and the mitochondrial COI gene. A total of 525 individuals from across the range of Himalopsyche (Himalayas, Hengduan Shan, Tian Shan, South East Asia, Japan, and western North America) was analysed and 32 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in our dataset delimited. Four distinct larval types of Himalopsyche are uncovered, and these are defined as the phryganea type, japonica type, tibetana type, and gigantea type and a comparative morphological characterisation of the larval types is presented. The larval types differ in a number of traits, most prominently in their gill configuration, as well as in other features such as setal configuration of the pronotum and presence/absence of accessory hooks of the anal prolegs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Hjalmarsson
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 63025 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33/DG, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja C Jähnig
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Department of Ecosystem Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Str. 7, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Vitecek
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 63025 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Steffen U Pauls
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 63025 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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41
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Diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Drilus Olivier, 1790 (Elateridae: Agrypninae: Drilini) in Cyprus. ZOOL ANZ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Kamiński MJ, Kanda K, Lumen R, Smith AD, Iwan D. Molecular phylogeny of Pedinini (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) and its implications for higher-level classification. Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin J Kamiński
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy Sciences, Wilcza, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kojun Kanda
- Northern Arizona University Department of Biological Sciences, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Ryan Lumen
- Northern Arizona University Department of Biological Sciences, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Aaron D Smith
- Northern Arizona University Department of Biological Sciences, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Dariusz Iwan
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy Sciences, Wilcza, Warsaw, Poland
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Torres-Gutierrez C, de Oliveira TMP, Emerson KJ, Sterlino Bergo E, Mureb Sallum MA. Molecular phylogeny of Culex subgenus Melanoconion (Diptera: Culicidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding genes. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171900. [PMID: 29892381 PMCID: PMC5990733 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The subgenus Melanoconion of the mosquito genus Culex is taxonomically diverse and is widely distributed in the Neotropical Region, with 10 species occurring in the Nearctic Region. Species of this subgenus pose a taxonomical challenge because morphological identification is based largely on anatomical characters of the male genitalia. We addressed the monophyly of the Spissipes and Melanoconion Sections of the subgenus Melanoconion and some of the informal groups in each section. Our sample taxa included 97 specimens representing 43 species, from which we analysed fragments of two single-copy nuclear genes (CAD, HB) and one mitochondrial gene (COI). Phylogenetic relationships within the subgenus are presented based on results of maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses using a multi-locus matrix of DNA sequences. We show a molecular phylogeny of Melanoconion in which both sections were recovered as monophyletic groups. The monophyly of the Atratus and Pilosus groups was confirmed. Within each section, other monophyletic groups were recovered highlighting the potential need for future nomenclature rearrangement. The phylogenetic signal contained in nuclear genes, when analysed together, was more informative than each gene analysed separately, corroborating monophyly of Melanoconion relative to Culex (Culex) species included in the analyses, the Melanoconion and Spissipes Sections and some species groups. Our results provide new information for the classification of the subgenus and additional data that can be used to improve species identification when a more representative taxon sampling is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Torres-Gutierrez
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, CEP 01246-904, São Paulo, Brazil
- Research Associate, Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales, PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia. Calle 67 No. 53-108, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Tatiane M. P. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, CEP 01246-904, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kevin J. Emerson
- Biology Department, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, MD, USA
| | - Eduardo Sterlino Bergo
- Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Anice Mureb Sallum
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 715, CEP 01246-904, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang SQ, Che LH, Li Y, Dan Liang, Pang H, Ślipiński A, Zhang P. Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species. Nat Commun 2018; 9:205. [PMID: 29335414 PMCID: PMC5768713 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Beetles (Coleoptera) are the most diverse and species-rich group of insects, and a robust, time-calibrated phylogeny is fundamental to understanding macroevolutionary processes that underlie their diversity. Here we infer the phylogeny and divergence times of all major lineages of Coleoptera by analyzing 95 protein-coding genes in 373 beetle species, including ~67% of the currently recognized families. The subordinal relationships are strongly supported as Polyphaga (Adephaga (Archostemata, Myxophaga)). The series and superfamilies of Polyphaga are mostly monophyletic. The species-poor Nosodendridae is robustly recovered in a novel position sister to Staphyliniformia, Bostrichiformia, and Cucujiformia. Our divergence time analyses suggest that the crown group of extant beetles occurred ~297 million years ago (Mya) and that ~64% of families originated in the Cretaceous. Most of the herbivorous families experienced a significant increase in diversification rate during the Cretaceous, thus suggesting that the rise of angiosperms in the Cretaceous may have been an 'evolutionary impetus' driving the hyperdiversity of herbivorous beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li-Heng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, College of Ecology and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Beza-Beza CF, Beck J, Reyes-Castillo P, Jameson ML. Phylogeny of the genus Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera, Passalidae, Proculini): Taxonomic and evolutionary implications with descriptions of three new species. Zookeys 2017:95-129. [PMID: 28769637 PMCID: PMC5523388 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.667.10716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Yumtaax Boucher (Coleoptera: Passalidae) is an endemic genus from the temperate sierras of Mexico and includes six narrowly distributed species. Yumtaax species have been assigned to several genera of Passalidae throughout history, and a phylogenetic approach is necessary to understand species delimitation and interspecific relationships. This study reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of six Yumtaax morphotypes using parsimony and Bayesian analysis of DNA sequence data from the ribosomal nuclear gene region 28S and the mitochondrial gene regions 12S and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) in addition to morphological characters. Analyses recovered two well-supported Yumtaax clades (the Yumtaaxlaticornis and Yumtaaximbellis clades) that are possible sister lineages. One synapomorphic morphological character state and the geographic isolation of the group provide corroborative evidence for monophyly. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and traditional morphological examinations also resulted in the discovery of two undescribed Yumtaax species and the discovery of two separate evolutionary lineages (cryptic species) within Yumtaaxrecticornis. As a result we describe three new species (Yumtaaxveracrucensis Beza-Beza, Reyes-Castillo & Jameson, sp. n., Yumtaaxcameliae Beza-Beza, Reyes-Castillo & Jameson, sp. n., and Yumtaaxjimenezi Beza-Beza, Reyes-Castillo & Jameson, sp. n.), redescribe two species (Yumtaaxrecticornis [Burmeister 1847] and Yumtaaxlaticornis [Truqui 1857]), and provide a key to all nine Yumtaax species. This study is one of two studies to use molecular data to evaluate the evolutionary relationships of a genus of Bess Beetles (Passalidae), an ecologically important insect group exhibiting low morphological variability and heretofore lacking molecular phylogenetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Fernando Beza-Beza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS, USA 67260-0026.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, 3774 Walker Avenue, Memphis, TN, USA 38152-3530
| | - James Beck
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS, USA 67260-0026
| | - Pedro Reyes-Castillo
- Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, A. C., 91070, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Mary Liz Jameson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS, USA 67260-0026
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Riccieri A, Maura M, Salvi D, Bologna MA, Mancini E. Messinian Salinity Crisis and Quaternary glacial events shaped genetic diversification in Siculo-Maghrebian blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Escalona HE, Zwick A, Li HS, Li J, Wang X, Pang H, Hartley D, Jermiin LS, Nedvěd O, Misof B, Niehuis O, Ślipiński A, Tomaszewska W. Molecular phylogeny reveals food plasticity in the evolution of true ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini). BMC Evol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28651535 PMCID: PMC5485688 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1002-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tribe Coccinellini is a group of relatively large ladybird beetles that exhibits remarkable morphological and biological diversity. Many species are aphidophagous, feeding as larvae and adults on aphids, but some species also feed on other hemipterous insects (i.e., heteropterans, psyllids, whiteflies), beetle and moth larvae, pollen, fungal spores, and even plant tissue. Several species are biological control agents or widespread invasive species (e.g., Harmonia axyridis (Pallas)). Despite the ecological importance of this tribe, relatively little is known about the phylogenetic relationships within it. The generic concepts within the tribe Coccinellini are unstable and do not reflect a natural classification, being largely based on regional revisions. This impedes the phylogenetic study of important traits of Coccinellidae at a global scale (e.g. the evolution of food preferences and biogeography). RESULTS We present the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Coccinellini to date, based on three nuclear and one mitochondrial gene sequences of 38 taxa, which represent all major Coccinellini lineages. The phylogenetic reconstruction supports the monophyly of Coccinellini and its sister group relationship to Chilocorini. Within Coccinellini, three major clades were recovered that do not correspond to any previously recognised divisions, questioning the traditional differentiation between Halyziini, Discotomini, Tytthaspidini, and Singhikaliini. Ancestral state reconstructions of food preferences and morphological characters support the idea of aphidophagy being the ancestral state in Coccinellini. This indicates a transition from putative obligate scale feeders, as seen in the closely related Chilocorini, to more agile general predators. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the classification of Coccinellini has been misled by convergence in morphological traits. The evolutionary history of Coccinellini has been very dynamic in respect to changes in host preferences, involving multiple independent host switches from different insect orders to fungal spores and plants tissues. General predation on ephemeral aphids might have created an opportunity to easily adapt to mixed or specialised diets (e.g. obligate mycophagy, herbivory, predation on various hemipteroids or larvae of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae)). The generally long-lived adults of Coccinellini can consume pollen and floral nectars, thereby surviving periods of low prey frequency. This capacity might have played a central role in the diversification history of Coccinellini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermes E Escalona
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee, 53113, Bonn, Germany.,Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andreas Zwick
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Hao-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- College of Environment and Plant Protection, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Ecology and Evolution, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Diana Hartley
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lars S Jermiin
- Centre for Biodiversity Analysis, Australian National University, ACT, Acton, 2601, Australia
| | - Oldřich Nedvěd
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre, Branišovská 31, -37005, České Budějovice, CZ, Czech Republic.,University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, 31, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology) Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Hauptstr. 1, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wioletta Tomaszewska
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679, Warszawa, Poland.
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48
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Song JH, Ahn KJ. Species trees, temporal divergence and historical biogeography of coastal rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) reveal their early Miocene origin and show that most divergence events occurred in the early Pliocene along the Pacific coasts. Cladistics 2017; 34:313-332. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Song
- Department of Biology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 South Korea
| | - Kee-Jeong Ahn
- Department of Biology; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 South Korea
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Sumi T, Miura K, Miyatake T. Wolbachia density changes seasonally amongst populations of the pale grass blue butterfly, Zizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175373. [PMID: 28403227 PMCID: PMC5389786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the survival rate of Wolbachia decreases under high temperature in incubators. It is also known that a high density of Wolbachia in the host body reduces the host emergence rate, while low densities fail to change reproduction rates. However, few studies have examined the density of Wolbachia in hosts in the field. Here, we focus on Wolbachia infection of the pale grass blue butterfly, Zizeeria maha (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), which is distributed throughout the Japanese islands. We examined the rate and density of Wolbachia infection in the bodies of butterflies at thirteen locations in Japan. At seven of these places, we collected butterflies in different seasons to determine seasonal differences in the infection rate and density and found that Wolbachia density has seasonal differences within the same population. Moreover, to determine whether Wolbachia density has a geographical cline, we compared the infection density of Wolbachia amongst all geographical populations. In addition, we determined the sequences of Wolbachia wsp and host mtDNA CO1 haplotypes of all populations. The results showed that Wolbachia density increased in early summer and decreased in autumn. Further, the density of Wolbachia infecting the same strain of Z. maha varied amongst populations, although no tendency in geographical cline was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Sumi
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kazuki Miura
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Western Region Agricultural Research Center, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Takahisa Miyatake
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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50
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Che LH, Zhang SQ, Li Y, Liang D, Pang H, Ślipiński A, Zhang P. Genome-wide survey of nuclear protein-coding markers for beetle phylogenetics and their application in resolving both deep and shallow-level divergences. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 17:1342-1358. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Heng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
| | - Shao-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
| | - Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
| | - Hong Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
| | - Adam Ślipiński
- Australian National Insect Collection; CSIRO; GPO Box 1700 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol; College of Ecology and Evolution; School of Life Sciences; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510006; Guangdong Province China
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