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Silva FLD, de Medeiros BAS, Farrell BD. Once upon a fly: The biogeographical odyssey of Labrundinia (Chironomidae, Tanypodinae), an aquatic non-biting midge towards diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 194:108025. [PMID: 38342160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Labrundinia is a highly recognizable lineage in the Pentaneurini tribe (Diptera, Chironomidae). The distinct predatory free-swimming larvae of this genus are typically present in unpolluted aquatic environments, such as small streams, ponds, lakes, and bays. They can be found on the bottom mud, clinging to rocks and wood, and dwelling among aquatic vegetation. Labrundinia has been extensively studied in ecological research and comprises 39 species, all but one of which has been described from regions outside the Palearctic. Earlier phylogenetic studies have suggested that the initial diversification of the genus likely occurred in the Neotropical Region, with its current presence in the Nearctic Region and southern South America being the result of subsequent dispersal events. Through the integration of molecular and morphological data in a calibrated phylogeny, we reveal a complex and nuanced evolutionary history for Labrundinia, providing insights into its biogeographical and diversification patterns. In this comprehensive study, we analyze a dataset containing 46 Labrundinia species, totaling 10,662 characters, consisting of 10,616 nucleotide sites and 46 morphological characters. The molecular data was generated mainly by anchored enrichment hybrid methods. Using this comprehensive dataset, we inferred the phylogeny of the group based on a total evidence matrix. Subsequently, we employed the generated tree for time calibration and further analysis of biogeography and diversification patterns. Our findings reveal multiple dispersal events out of the Neotropics, where the group originated in the late Cretaceous approximately 72 million years ago (69-78 Ma). We further reveal that the genus experienced an early burst of diversification rates during the Paleocene, which gradually decelerated towards the present-day. We also find that the Neotropics have played a pivotal role in the evolution of Labrundinia by serving as both a cradle and a museum. By "cradle," we mean that the region has been a hotspot for the origin and diversification of new Labrundinia lineages, while "museum" refers to the region's ability to preserve ancestral lineages over extended periods. In summary, our findings indicate that the Neotropics have been a key source of genetic diversity for Labrundinia, resulting in the development of distinctive adaptations and characteristics within the genus. This evidence highlights the crucial role that these regions have played in shaping the evolutionary trajectory of Labrundinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Laurindo da Silva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Biodiversity and Ecology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA.
| | - Bruno A S de Medeiros
- Field Museum of Natural History, Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Chicago, USA; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
| | - Brian D Farrell
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
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2
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Baranov VO, Haug JT, Kaulfuss U. New records of immature aquatic Diptera from the Foulden Maar Fossil-Lagerstätte, New Zealand, and their biogeographic implications. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17014. [PMID: 38426144 PMCID: PMC10903341 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The biogeographical and ecological history of true flies (Diptera) in New Zealand is little known due to a scarcity of fossil specimens. Here, we report a fauna of immature aquatic dipterans from freshwater diatomites of the early Miocene Foulden Maar Fossil-Lagerstätte in southern New Zealand. Methods We document 30 specimens of immature dipterans, mostly pupae, and compare their external morphology to extant aquatic Diptera. Based on the reconstructed paleoenvironment of Foulden Maar, we discuss taxonomic, ecological and taphonomic implications of this early Miocene fauna. Results Among Chironomidae, one pupal morphotype is attributed to Tanypodinae, one pupal morphotype and one larval morphotype are placed into Chironomus (Chironominae) and a further morphotype into Chironominae incertae sedis. Chaoboridae are represented by a pupal morphotype congeneric or very close to the extant Chaoborus, today globally distributed except for New Zealand. Additional immature specimens are likely larvae and puparia of brachyceran flies but cannot be identified to a narrower range. These finds document an aquatic dipteran fauna in New Zealand in the earliest Miocene and highlight Neogene extinction as a factor in shaping the extant Diptera fauna in New Zealand. Immature aquatic dipterans were a common and likely ecologically important component of the early Miocene Foulden Maar lake. Preservation of larvae and pupae may have been promoted by diatomaceous microbial mats and the light colour of the diatomite likely facilitated spotting of these minute fossils in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor O. Baranov
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Andalucia, Spain
| | - Joachim T. Haug
- Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Uwe Kaulfuss
- Department of Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
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3
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Bello-González OC, Andersen T, Mercado-Silva N. A revised, annotated checklist of Mexican non-biting midges (Diptera, Chironomidae). Zookeys 2024; 1191:237-286. [PMID: 38389584 PMCID: PMC10882552 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1191.117223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
An updated checklist of Mexican non-biting midges (Chironomidae) is presented. A total of 110 species of Chironomidae are known for Mexico: 52 species in 25 genera belong to the subfamily Chironominae, 30 species in 13 genera to Orthocladiinae, 21 species in nine genera to Tanypodinae, five species in two genera to Telmatogetoninae, and two species in one genus to Diamesinae. In addition, 41 genera without identified species are listed. The highest number of species (29) is recorded from the state of Campeche, while 19 species have been found in Veracruz and 15 in Nuevo León. Few or no records exist for states in Central and Northern Mexico, or those on the Pacific coast. The type localities for 34 species are in Mexico; of these, 27 species (25% of the total number of species recorded in the country) are endemic. Twenty-nine species recorded in Mexico have a Neotropical distribution, 15 a Nearctic distribution, and 39 species are distributed in both the Neotropical and Nearctic regions or more widely. It has been suggested that as many as 1000 species might occur in Mexico; so only a little more than 10% of the expected diversity has so far been recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestes C Bello-González
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Trond Andersen
- Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, NO-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Norman Mercado-Silva
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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4
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Silva FLDA. Connecting the dots: DNA barcoding and lectotype designation shedding light on Labrundinia longipalpis (Goetghebuer, 1921), an intriguing non-biting midge (Chironomidae, Tanypodinae). Zootaxa 2023; 5346:151-162. [PMID: 38221346 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5346.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Accurate taxonomic classification is deemed paramount for gaining an understanding of the diversity and distribution of insect species. In this study, an essential stride was made towards advancing the taxonomy of the non-biting midge Labrundinia longipalpis (Chironomidae, Tanypodinae), which serves as the type species of the genus. The distribution of L. longipalpis is particularly intriguing as it contrasts with the predominantly tropical distribution of the genus, with this species being found across the Holarctic region. The main goal of this investigation was to designate a lectotype and several paralectotypes, which was achieved through a comprehensive reexamination of the original material, alongside additional specimens obtained from the type-locality in Flanders. Furthermore, the distribution of L. longipalpis across Europe and North America was examined, and the proposed synonymization of L. maculata with the latter was challenged using the analysis of molecular data. Through the comparison of DNA barcodes, it was revealed that the North American population of L. longipalpis clustered together with the European population, which alludes to a considerable level of genetic similarity between these two populations. These results provide valuable insights into the behavior, ecological dynamics and biogeography of L. longipalpis, while also raising interesting questions about colonization and distribution patterns attributed to its adaptability and potential for long-distance dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Laurindo DA Silva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Insect Biodiversity and Ecology; Department of Zoology; Institute of Biosciences; University of So Paulo; So Paulo; Brazil.
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5
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Fang X, Wang X, Mao B, Xiao Y, Shen M, Fu Y. Comparative mitogenome analyses of twelve non-biting flies and provide insights into the phylogeny of Chironomidae (Diptera: Culicomorpha). Sci Rep 2023; 13:9200. [PMID: 37280228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Chironomidae is represented by seven subfamilies in China, among which Chironominae and Orthocladiinae are the most diverse. To gain a better understanding of the architecture and evolution of the mitogenomes of Chironomidae, we sequenced mitogenomes of twelve species (including two published species) of the two subfamilies Chironominae and Orthocladiinae, and comparative mitogenomic analyses were performed. Thus, we identified highly conserved genome organization of twelve species with regard to genome content, nucleotide and amino acid composition, codon usage, and gene characteristics. The Ka/Ks values of most protein-coding genes were far smaller than 1, indicating that these genes were evolving under purifying selection. Phylogenetic relationships between the family Chironomidae were reconstructed using 23 species representing six subfamilies, based on protein-coding genes and rRNAs using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood. Our results suggested the following relationship within the Chironomidae: (Podonominae + Tanypodinae) + (Diamesinae + (Prodiamesinae + (Orthocladiinae + Chironominae))). This study contributes to the mitogenomic database of Chironomidae, which will be significant for studing the mitogenome evolution of Chironomidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunli Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Hubei Zhongke Research Institute of Industrial Technology, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang City, 438000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Morrone JJ. When phylogenetics met biogeography: Willi Hennig, Lars Brundin and the roots of phylogenetic and cladistic biogeography. Cladistics 2023; 39:58-69. [PMID: 36259386 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Willi Hennig's (Beitr. Ent. 1960, 10, 15) Die Dipteren-Fauna von Neuseeland als systematisches und tiergeographisches Problem applied a phylogenetic approach to examine the distributional patterns exhibited by the Diptera of New Zealand. Hennig showed how phylogenetic trees may be used to infer dispersal, based on the progression and deviation rules, and also discussed the existence of vicariance patterns. The most important author who applied Hennig's phylogenetic biogeography was Lars Brundin, when analysing the phylogenetic relationships of two taxa of Chironomidae (Diptera) and using them to examine the biogeographic relationships of Australia, New Zealand, South America and South Africa. The relevance of Brundin's contribution was noted by several authors, as it began the cladistic or vicariance approach to biogeography, that implies the discovery of vicariance events shared by different monophyletic groups. Both phylogenetic and cladistic biogeography have a place in contemporary biogeography, the former for analysing taxon biogeography and the latter when addressing Earth or biota biogeography. The recent use of the term "phylogenetic biogeography" to refer to a posteriori methods of cladistic biogeography is erroneous and should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Morrone
- Museo de Zoología "Alfonso L. Herrera", Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
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7
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Cannizzaro AG, Berg DJ. Gone with Gondwana: amphipod diversification in freshwaters followed the breakup of the supercontinent. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 171:107464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Jiang Y, Yue L, Yang F, Gillung JP, Winterton SL, Price BW, Contreras-Ramos A, Hayashi F, Aspöck U, Aspöck H, Yeates DK, Yang D, Liu X. Similar pattern, different paths: tracing the biogeographical history of Megaloptera (Insecta: Neuropterida) using mitochondrial phylogenomics. Cladistics 2021; 38:374-391. [PMID: 34818432 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequential breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea since the Middle Jurassic is one of the crucial factors that has driven the biogeographical patterns of terrestrial biotas. Despite decades of effort searching for concordant patterns between diversification and continental fragmentation among taxonomic groups, increasing evidence has revealed more complex and idiosyncratic scenarios resulting from a mixture of vicariance, dispersal and extinction. Aquatic insects with discreet ecological requirements, low vagility and disjunct distributions represent a valuable model for testing biogeographical hypotheses by reconstructing their distribution patterns and temporal divergences. Insects of the order Megaloptera have exclusively aquatic larvae, their adults have low vagility, and the group has a highly disjunct geographical distribution. Here we present a comprehensive phylogeny of Megaloptera based on a large-scale mitochondrial genome sequencing of 99 species representing >90% of the world genera from all major biogeographical regions. Molecular dating suggests that the deep divergence within Megaloptera pre-dates the breakup of Pangaea. Subsequently, the intergeneric divergences within Corydalinae (dobsonflies), Chauliodinae (fishflies) and Sialidae (alderflies) might have been driven by both vicariance and dispersal correlated with the shifting continent during the Cretaceous, but with strikingly different and incongruent biogeographical signals. The austral distribution of many corydalids appears to be a result of colonization from Eurasia through southward dispersal across Europe and Africa during the Cretaceous, whereas a nearly contemporaneous dispersal via northward rafting of Gondwanan landmasses may account for the colonization of extant Eurasian alderflies from the south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlan Jiang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lu Yue
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Customs, Beijing, China
| | - Jessica P Gillung
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, California State Collection of Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Shaun L Winterton
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, California State Collection of Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Atilano Contreras-Ramos
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fumio Hayashi
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, Vienna, A-1010, Austria.,Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - David K Yeates
- Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ding Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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9
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Sota T, Takami Y, Ikeda H, Liang H, Karagyan G, Scholtz C, Hori M. Global dispersal and diversification in ground beetles of the subfamily Carabinae. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 167:107355. [PMID: 34774762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The origin and diversification process of lineages of organisms that are currently widely distributed among continents is an interesting subject for exploring the evolutionary history of global species diversity. Ground beetles of the subfamily Carabinae are flightless except for one lineage, but nevertheless occur on all continents except Antarctica. Here, we used sequence data from ultraconserved elements to reconstruct the phylogeny, divergence time, biogeographical history, ancestral state of hind wings and changes in the speciation rate of Carabinae. Our results show that Carabinae originated in the Americas and diversified into four tribes during the period from the late Jurassic to the late Cretaceous, with two in South America (Celoglossini) and Australasia (Pamborini) and two in Laurasia (Cychrini and Carabini). The ancestral Carabinae were inferred to be winged; three of four tribes (Cychrini, Ceglossini and Pamborini) have completely lost their hind wings and flight capability. The remaining tribe, Carabini, diverged into the subtribes Carabina (wingless) and Calosomina (winged) in the Oligocene. Carabina originated in Europe, spread over Eurasia and diversified into approximately 1000 species, accounting for around 60% of all Carabinae species. Calosomina that were flight-capable dispersed from North America or Eurasia to South America, Australia, and Africa, and then flightless lineages evolved on oceanic islands and continental highlands. The speciation rate increased in the Cychrini and Carabini clades in Eurasia. Within Carabini, the speciation rate was higher for wingless than winged states. Our study showed that the global distribution of Carabinae resulted from ancient dispersal before the breakup of Gondwana and more recent dispersal through flight around the world. These patterns consequently illustrate the causal relationships of geographical history, evolution of flightlessness, and the global distribution and species diversity of Carabinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teiji Sota
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Yasuoki Takami
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan
| | - Hongbin Liang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gayane Karagyan
- Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan 0014, Armenia
| | - Clarke Scholtz
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, Republic of South Africa
| | - Michio Hori
- Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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10
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Krosch MN, Silva FL, Ekrem T, Baker AM, Bryant LM, Stur E, Cranston PS. A new molecular phylogeny for the Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) places the Australian diversity in a global context. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 166:107324. [PMID: 34628046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The non-biting midge subfamily Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) is species-rich, ecologically diverse, and near-globally distributed. Within the subfamily, aspects of generic and species-level taxonomy remain poorly understood, in particular the validity of assignment of Australian and New Zealand taxa to genera erected for northern hemisphere (Holarctic) fauna. Here, we place the austral diversity within this global context by extensive geographical and taxonomic sampling in concert with a multilocus phylogenetic approach. We incorporated sequence data for mitochondrial COI, and nuclear 28S and CAD, and conducted Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic inferences and Bayesian divergence time estimation. The resolved phylogeny supported many associations of Australian taxa with their proposed Holarctic congeners, with the exception of Apsectrotanypus Fittkau, and validates several taxa as endemic. Three of four New Zealand sampled taxa had their sister groups in Australia; New Zealand Monopelopia Fittkau was sister to a German congener. This included the first record of Procladius Kieffer from New Zealand. Most nodes connecting austral and Holarctic taxa clustered around the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (60-80 mya), whereas New Zealand-Australia nodes were generally slightly younger (53-57 mya). Together, these data contribute substantially to our understanding of the taxonomy, systematics and biogeography of the Australian Tanypodinae and more broadly to knowledge of Australia's aquatic insect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt N Krosch
- Forensic Services Group, Queensland Police Service, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
| | - Fabio L Silva
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Torbjørn Ekrem
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
| | - Andrew M Baker
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; Natural Environments Program, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Litticia M Bryant
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Stur
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim NO-7491, Norway
| | - Peter S Cranston
- Evolution and Ecology, Research School of Biological Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2600, Australia
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11
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Bartlett JC, Convey P, Hughes KA, Thorpe SE, Hayward SAL. Ocean currents as a potential dispersal pathway for Antarctica’s most persistent non-native terrestrial insect. Polar Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe non-native midge Eretmoptera murphyi is Antarctica’s most persistent non-native insect and is known to impact the terrestrial ecosystems. It inhabits by considerably increasing litter turnover and availability of soil nutrients. The midge was introduced to Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, from its native South Georgia, and routes of dispersal to date have been aided by human activities, with little known about non-human-assisted methods of dispersal. This study is the first to determine the potential for dispersal of a terrestrial invertebrate species in Antarctica by combining physiological sea water tolerance data with quantitative assessments of ocean current journey times. Fourth instar larvae tolerated sea water submergence for up to 21 days, but submerged egg sacs had significantly reduced hatching success. Using near-surface drifter data, we conclude that ocean current dispersal from Signy Island would not present a risk of species transfer beyond the South Orkney Islands on the tested timescales. However, if E. murphyi were to be introduced to the South Shetlands Islands or Adelaide Island, which are located offshore of the Antarctic Peninsula, there would be a risk of successful oceanic dispersal to neighbouring islands and the Antarctic Peninsula mainland. This study emphasises the need for effective biosecurity measures and demonstrates the role that currently undocumented pathways may have in dispersing non-native species.
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12
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Ferrari RR, Onuferko TM, Monckton SK, Packer L. The evolutionary history of the cellophane bee genus Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae): Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and implications for a global infrageneric classification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 146:106750. [PMID: 32028034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colletes Latreille (Hymenoptera: Colletidae) is a diverse genus with 518 valid species distributed in all biogeographic realms, except Australasia and Antarctica. Here we provide a comprehensive dated phylogeny for Colletes based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood-based analyses of DNA sequence data of six loci: 28S rDNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, elongation factor-1α copy F2, long-wavelength rhodopsin, RNA polymerase II and wingless. In total, our multilocus matrix consists of 4824 aligned base pairs for 143 species, including 112 Colletes species plus 31 outgroups (one stenotritid and a diverse array of colletids representing all subfamilies). Overall, analyses of each of the six single-locus datasets resulted in poorly resolved consensus trees with conflicting phylogenetic signal. However, our analyses of the multilocus matrix provided strong support for the monophyly of Colletes and show that it can be subdivided into five major clades. The implications of our phylogenetic results for future attempts at infrageneric classification for the Colletes of the world are discussed. We propose species groups for the Neotropical species of Colletes, the only major biogeographic realm for which no species groups have been proposed to date. Our dating analysis indicated that Colletes diverged from its sister taxon, Hemicotelles Toro and Cabezas, in the early Oligocene and that its extant lineages began diversifying only in the late Oligocene. According to our biogeographic reconstruction, Colletes originated in the Neotropics (most likely within South America) and then spread to the Nearctic very early in its evolutionary history. Geodispersal to the Old World occurred soon after colonization of the Northern Hemisphere. Lastly, the historical biogeography of Colletes is analyzed in light of available geological and palaeoenvironmental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Ferrari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Thomas M Onuferko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada; The Beaty Centre for Species Discovery, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Spencer K Monckton
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Laurence Packer
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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Krosch MN, Herold N, Thornhill AH, Cranston PS. How ‘Gondwanan’ is Riethia? Molecular phylogenetics elucidates the mode and tempo of diversification in Austro-Pacific Chironominae (Diptera). INVERTEBR SYST 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/is19053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Riethia Kieffer, a genus of the non-biting midge subfamily Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) is distributed in Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia and South America. This austral distribution could be due to earth history (vicariance) or from Southern Hemisphere dispersal(s). We obtained samples from each area, most intensively from throughout Australia. We included putative sister genus Pseudochironomus Malloch, many genera from tribe Tanytarsini, enigmatic taxa in Chironomini and conventional outgroups from other subfamilies. We assembled a multilocus molecular dataset for four genetic regions from 107 individuals to reconstruct the first dated molecular phylogeny for the group. Four terminal clusters corresponded to unreared (thus unassociated) larvae. Monophyly was supported for ‘core’ Riethia, Pseudochironomus, putative tribe Pseudochironomini, tribe Tanytarsini (including enigmatic Nandeva Wiedenbrug, Reiss & Fittkau) and subfamily Chironominae. All species are monophyletic except for R. cinctipes Freeman, which includes R. neocaledonica Cranston. Riethia zeylandica Freeman, previously thought to be widespread in eastern Australia, now is a New Zealand endemic with Australian specimens allocated now to several regionally restricted species. The origin of Riethia was at 60.6 Ma (‘core’) or 52.1 Ma depending on the relationship of two South American species. Both dates are before the break-up of South America and Australia. Diversification within crown group Riethia started before the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, with subsequent separation at 52 Ma of an Australian ‘clade I’ from its sister ‘clade II’, which comprises Australian, New Zealand and New Caledonian species. Inferred dates for species origins of New Caledonia and New Zealand taxa imply transoceanic dispersals from eastern Australia. Western Australian species diverged during the mid to late Miocene from their eastern Australian sister taxa. This correlates with the onset of drying of Australia and the separation of mesic east from west by the formation of an arid proto-Nullarbor. Taken together, the inferred tempo of diversification in the group included both older ages reflecting earth history, yet with suggested recent intra-Pacific separations due to transoceanic dispersals.
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Huang Z, Chiba H, Guo D, Yago M, Braby MF, Wang M, Fan X. Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of Parnara butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 139:106545. [PMID: 31254614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The butterfly genus Parnara (Hesperiinae: Baorini), of which some are major pests of economic crops (e.g., rice, wild rice stems and sugarcane), currently consists of 10 species and several subspecies and has a highly disjunct distribution in Australia, Africa, and Asia. We determined the systematic relationships and biogeographical history of the genus by reconstructing the phylogeny based on eight genes and 101 specimens representing all 10 recognized species. Four species delimitation methods (ABGD, bPTP, GMYC and BPP) were also employed to assess the taxonomic status of each species. Based on these results and analyses, we recognize 11 extant species in the genus. The status of the taxon P. naso poutieri (Boisduval, 1833) from Madagascar is revised as a distinct species, Parnara poutieri (Boisduval, 1833) stat. rev. The subspecies P. guttata mangala (Moore, 1866) syn. nov. is synonymized with P. guttata guttata (Bremer & Grey, 1853), while P. bada (Moore, 1878) is provisionally treated as a complex of two species, namely P. bada and P. apostata (Snellen, 1886). The monophyly of Parnara is strongly supported, with the following relationships: P. amalia + ((P. monasi + (P. poutieri + P. naso)) + ((P. kawazoei + P. bada complex) + (P. ganga + (P. ogasawarensis + (P. guttata + P. batta))))). Divergence time and ancestral range estimates indicate that the common ancestor of Parnara originated in an implausible area of Australia, Africa, and Oriental region in the mid-Oligocene and then differentiated in the late Miocene-late Pliocene. Dispersal and range expansion have played an important role in diversification of the genus in Asia and Afica. Relatively stable geotectonic plates at the time when most extant lineages appeared during the late Miocene-early Pliocene might have been the factor responsible for the relatively constant low dynamic rate of diversification within the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Huang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Dong Guo
- Plant Protection Station of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Masaya Yago
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael F Braby
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia; Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Fan
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Wallis GP, Jorge F. Going under down under? Lineage ages argue for extensive survival of the Oligocene marine transgression on Zealandia. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:4368-4396. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fátima Jorge
- Department of Zoology; University of Otago; Dunedin New Zealand
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16
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Shimabukuro EM, Trivinho-Strixino S. Madicolous Chironomidae from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: a checklist with notes on altitudinal distributions (Diptera, Insecta). Zookeys 2018; 751:41-73. [PMID: 29706784 PMCID: PMC5919911 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.751.20611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin layers of water running over rocky surfaces are characteristic of madicolous habitats, which harbor a peculiar Chironomidae community. However, information on the identity, distribution, and ecology of madicolous chironomids in the Neotropical region are still sparse. The main purpose of this research is to reveal and contribute to the ecology of madicolous Chironomidae species, especially regarding their altitudinal distribution in the Atlantic Forest. Sampling was performed using our own designed emergence traps deployed from 0 to 2700 m a.s.l. in 70 sites in three mountains in southeastern Brazil. Sixty taxa of chironomids were collected and identified, of which only 22 are known to science. Most of the species showed a wider distribution than previously known, both in terms of geographic and altitudinal ranges, while others showed significant association with particular altitudinal bands (as evidenced by the indicator species analysis). Atlantic Forest mountainous regions are known to harbor one of the richest fauna in the world and have been suffering from several types of environmental impacts, including climate change, which will especially affect taxa living in specialized habitats. The narrow range of tolerance to environmental conditions verified for mountain species, and the fact that many of them are rare and endemic, make the conservation efforts in these areas indispensable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Mayumi Shimabukuro
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza – CCN, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Lagoa do Sino. Rod. Lauri Simões de Barros, Km 12, Bairro Aracaçu, Buri, São Paulo, Brazil. CEP.: 18290-000
| | - Susana Trivinho-Strixino
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Insetos Aquáticos, Depto. de Hidrobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luiz, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP.:13565-905
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17
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Prat N, Paggi A, Ribera C, Acosta R, Ríos-Touma B, Villamarín C, Rivera F, Ossa P, Rieradevall M. The Cricotopus (Oliveiriella) (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the High Altitude Andean Streams, with Description of a New Species, C. (O.) rieradevallae. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 47:256-270. [PMID: 28905263 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The genus Oliveiriella (Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) was erected by Wiedenbrug & Fittkau (1997). The adults have characteristic black spots on their wings and other characteristics similar to the genus Cricotopus. Pupal skins are very characteristic with strong short spines in the anal lobe instead of setae, while larvae are distinguishable by the long anal papillae and the intense blue color of their body. However, Andersen et al (2013) consider Oliveiriella as a subgenera of Cricotopus. In this paper, using the sequences of the cox1 gene, we conclude that Oliveiriella should be considered a subgenus within Cricotopus, confirming its status in Andersen et al (2013). Furthermore, we describe Cricotopus (Oliveiriella) rieradevallae Prat & Paggi sp. n. from the Saltana river (Ecuador). The adult males, females, and preimaginal stages of the two species of subgenus Oliveiriella known from South America Cricotopus (O.) almeidai n. comb. from Peru, Brazil, and Argentina and Cricotopus (O.) sanjavieri n. comb. from Argentina are compared with those of Cricotopus (O.) rieradevallae sp. n. from Ecuador. The differences allow the distinction of the three species. The cox1 gene reveals that at least three different undescribed species of the same subgenus are present in the high-altitude tropical Andes. The morphology of the available pupae and pupal exuviae reveals the presence of several morphotypes that are candidates to be described as new species. A key used to distinguish these pupal morphotypes is provided, including the three described species. Additionally, the distribution of the subgenus is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prat
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Paggi
- Instituto de Limnología "Dr. R. A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA, CONICET, UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Ribera
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRbio), Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Acosta
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Ríos-Touma
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Medio Ambiente (BIOMA), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Agropecuarias (FICA), Ingeniería Ambiental, Univ de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - C Villamarín
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Medio Ambiente (BIOMA), Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Agropecuarias (FICA), Ingeniería Ambiental, Univ de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - F Rivera
- Research Group GEBIOME, Depto de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - P Ossa
- Research Group GEBIOME, Depto de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Univ de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - M Rieradevall
- Freshwater Ecology and Management Research Group, Dept de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Opell BD, Helweg SG, Kiser KM. Phylogeography of Australian and New Zealand spray zone spiders (Anyphaenidae:Amaurobioides): Moa's Ark loses a few more passengers. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brent D. Opell
- Department of Biological Sciences; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Sarah G. Helweg
- Department of Biological Sciences; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| | - Kea M. Kiser
- Department of Biological Sciences; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
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19
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McCulloch GA, Wallis GP, Waters JM. A time-calibrated phylogeny of southern hemisphere stoneflies: Testing for Gondwanan origins. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 96:150-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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20
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Contador T, Kennedy JH, Rozzi R, Villarroel JO. Sharp altitudinal gradients in Magellanic Sub-Antarctic streams: patterns along a fluvial system in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve (55°S). Polar Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-015-1746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Krosch MN, Cranston PS, Baker AM, Vink S. Molecular data extend AustralianCricotopusmidge (Chironomidae) species diversity, and provide a phylogenetic hypothesis for biogeography and freshwater monitoring. Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matt N. Krosch
- Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry; Sustainable Minerals Institute; The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Peter S. Cranston
- Department of Entomology; University of California; Davis CA 95616-8584 USA
- Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Andrew M. Baker
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences; Queensland University of Technology; Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia
| | - Sue Vink
- Centre for Water in the Minerals Industry; Sustainable Minerals Institute; The University of Queensland; St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
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22
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Ebau W, Rawi CSMD, Din Z, Al-Shami SA. Toxicity of cadmium and lead on tropical midge larvae, Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga and Chironomus javanus Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae). Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 2:631-4. [PMID: 23569984 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute toxicity of cadmium and lead on larvae of two tropical Chironomid species, Chironomus kiiensis (C. kiiensis) Tokunaga and Chironomus javanus (C. javanus) Kieffer. METHODS Different larval instars (first-fourth) were exposed using a static non-replacement testing procedures to various concentrations of cadmium and lead. RESULTS In general, younger larvae (first and second instars) of both species were more sensitive to both metals than older larvae (third and forth instars). The toxic effects of the metals on C. kiiensis and C. javanus were influenced by the age of the larvae (first to fourth instars), types of metals (cadmium or lead) and duration of larval exposure (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) to the metals. CONCLUSIONS Cadmium was more toxic to the chironomids than lead and C. javanus was significantly more sensitive to both metals than C. kiiensis (P<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Warrin Ebau
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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23
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Cranston PS, Krosch M. Evidence from molecules and morphology expands Podonomopsis Brundin (Diptera : Chironomidae : Podonominae) to include ‘genus Chile'. INVERTEBR SYST 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/is15018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The informal taxon ‘genus Chile’ of Brundin, based solely on pupal exuviae of a podonomine Chironomidae, has remained inadequately known for half a century. New collections reveal life associations, and provide molecular data to hypothesise a precise phylogenetic placement in the austral Podonominae. A densely sampled molecular phylogeny based on two nuclear and one mitochondrial DNA markers shows ‘genus Chile’ to be the sister group to Podonomopsis Brundin, 1966. Within Podonomopsis a clade of South American species is sister to all Australian species. We discuss how to rank such a sister group taxon and treat ‘genus Chile’ as a new subgenus Araucanopsis, subg. nov. with the new species, Podonomopsis (Araucanopsis) avelasse, sp. nov. from Chile and Argentina as genotype of the monotypic subgenus. We describe P. (A.) avelasse in all stages and provide an expanded diagnosis and description of Podonomopsis to include Araucanopsis. A dated biogeographic hypothesis (chronogram) infers the most recent common ancestor (tmcra) of expanded Podonomopsis at 95 million years ago (Mya) (68–122 Mya 95% highest posterior density), ‘core’ Podonomopsis at 83 Mya (58–108) and Australian Podonomopsis at 65 Mya (44–87). All dates are before the South America–Australia geological separation through Antarctica, supporting previous conclusions that the taxon distribution is ‘Gondwanan’ in origin. Podonomopsis, even as expanded here, remains unknown from New Zealand or elsewhere on extant Zealandia.
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B242009B-0CEF-41CA-8C78-17B9D3B57025
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24
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Silva FL, Ekrem T, Fonseca‐Gessner AA. Out of
S
outh
A
merica: phylogeny of non‐biting midges in the genus
L
abrundinia
suggests multiple dispersal events to
C
entral and
N
orth
A
merica. ZOOL SCR 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio L. Silva
- Museum of Comparative Zoology Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Department of Natural History NTNU University Museum NO‐7491 Trondheim Norway
| | - Torbjørn Ekrem
- Department of Natural History NTNU University Museum NO‐7491 Trondheim Norway
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25
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Prat N, Ribera C, Rieradevall M, Villamarín C, Acosta R. Distribution, Abundance and Molecular Analysis of Genus Barbadocladius Cranston & Krosch (Diptera, Chironomidae) in Tropical, High Altitude Andean Streams and Rivers. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2013; 42:607-617. [PMID: 27193279 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-013-0161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the genus Barbadocladius Cranston & Krosch (Diptera: Chironomidae), previously reported from Chile to Bolivia, has extended northwards. Larvae, pupae and pupal exuviae of this genus have been found in the high mountain tropical streams of Peru to 9°22'56″, but are restricted to very high altitude streams (altitudes over 3,278 m asl) compared to the lower altitude streams (below 1,100 m asl) in which the genus is reported in Chile and Argentina. Based on morphological studies, both described species in the genus, Barbadocladius andinus Cranston & Krosch and Barbadocladius limay Cranston & Krosch, have been found in Peru as pupae or pupal exuviae. Morphological analysis of the larvae and pupae revealed no differences between the two described species from Patagonia and Peru, which are of similar size and with a similar armament of hooklets and spines in pupal tergites and sternites. However, molecular analysis of larvae and pupae revealed that in Peru, there are at least two different evolutionary lines, one distributed widely and another restricted to one site. Phylogenetic analysis (using cox1 mitochondrial sequences) of all available sequences of Barbadocladius shows that the Chilean and Argentinean material differs from that of Peru. Therefore, a total of four molecular segregates are identified, although morphologically, neither larvae nor the pupae may be differentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Prat
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - C Ribera
- Depto de Biologia Animal, Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio), Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Rieradevall
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de Biodiversitat (IRBio), Univ de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Villamarín
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Acosta
- Grupo de investigación Freshwater Ecology and Management (F.E.M.), Depto d'Ecologia, Univ de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Not drowning, (hand)waving? Molecular phylogenetics, biogeography and evolutionary tempo of the ‘Gondwanan’ midge Stictocladius Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 68:595-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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The evolution and biogeography of the austral horse fly tribe Scionini (Diptera: Tabanidae: Pangoniinae) inferred from multiple mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 68:516-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Carew ME, Pettigrove VJ, Metzeling L, Hoffmann AA. Environmental monitoring using next generation sequencing: rapid identification of macroinvertebrate bioindicator species. Front Zool 2013; 10:45. [PMID: 23919569 PMCID: PMC3750358 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-10-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Invertebrate communities are central to many environmental monitoring programs. In freshwater ecosystems, aquatic macroinvertebrates are collected, identified and then used to infer ecosystem condition. Yet the key step of species identification is often not taken, as it requires a high level of taxonomic expertise, which is lacking in most organizations, or species cannot be identified as they are morphologically cryptic or represent little known groups. Identifying species using DNA sequences can overcome many of these issues; with the power of next generation sequencing (NGS), using DNA sequences for routine monitoring becomes feasible. Results In this study, we test if NGS can be used to identify species from field-collected samples in an important bioindicator group, the Chironomidae. We show that Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome B (CytB) sequences provide accurate DNA barcodes for chironomid species. We then develop a NGS analysis pipeline to identifying species using megablast searches of high quality sequences generated using 454 pyrosequencing against comprehensive reference libraries of Sanger-sequenced voucher specimens. We find that 454 generated COI sequences successfully identified up to 96% of species in samples, but this increased up to 99% when combined with CytB sequences. Accurate identification depends on having at least five sequences for a species; below this level species not expected in samples were detected. Incorrect incorporation of some multiplex identifiers (MID’s) used to tag samples was a likely cause, and most errors could be detected when using MID tags on forward and reverse primers. We also found a strong quantitative relationship between the number of 454 sequences and individuals showing that it may be possible to estimate the abundance of species from 454 pyrosequencing data. Conclusions Next generation sequencing using two genes was successful for identifying chironomid species. However, when detecting species from 454 pyrosequencing data sets it was critical to include known individuals for quality control and to establish thresholds for detecting species. The NGS approach developed here can lead to routine species-level diagnostic monitoring of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Carew
- Department of Zoology, Victorian Centre for Aquatic Pollution Identification and Management (CAPIM), The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Sæther OA, Cranston PS. New World Stictocladius Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2012; 41:124-149. [PMID: 23950026 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-012-0021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The orthocladiine Chironomidae genus Stictocladius Edwards was described originally from South America. Although recognised subsequently as present also in Australia and New Zealand, the true diversity in the Neotropics has remained unclear. After more than a decade of collections of both isolated adults and aquatic immature stages, we can recognise several new taxa and associate some immature stages. Thus, we describe Stictocladius prati n. sp. as male, female, pupa and larva; Stictocladius acutus n. sp. and Stictocladius acrilobus n. sp. as male, female and pupa; Stictocladius fimbriatus n. sp. as male and female; Stictocladius fovigus n. sp. and Stictocladius nudiventer n. sp. as male and pupa; and Stictocladius privicalcar n. sp. and Stictocladius prostatus n. sp. each as male imago alone. The male and female of Stictocladius pulchripennis Edwards is redescribed and the pupa described. The male and female of Stictocladius flavozonatus Edwards and the male of Stictocladius calonotum Edwards are described. Five pupal types are described: Stictocladius sp. A (near S. acrilobus), Stictocladius sp. B (possibly S. calonotum), Stictocladius sp. C (near S. calonotum), Stictocladius sp. D (possibly S. flavozonatus) and Stictocladius sp. E with uncertain affinity. A larva from Chile of the Stictocladius 'sofour type' (Stictocladius sp. F) and an unreared larva from North America (Stictocladius sp. G) possibly belonging to S. acutus are described. Keys to named Neotropical male and female imagines of Stictocladius and to all pupal forms of Neotropical Stictocladius are provided. Some data concerning fourth instars of Stictocladius are presented. Means of differentiation from putative sister taxon Lopescladius are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Sæther
- The Natural History Collections, University Museum of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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