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Melzer AC, Reese ZA, Mascarhenas L, Clancy CB, Deepak J, Gogineni H, Gesthalter Y, Hart JL. Education for Tobacco Use Disorder Treatment: Current State, Evidence, and Unmet Needs. ATS Sch 2023; 4:546-566. [PMID: 38196686 PMCID: PMC10773493 DOI: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2022-0131re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco use is undertreated in the medical setting. One driver may be inadequate tobacco use disorder treatment (TUDT) training for clinicians in specialties treating tobacco-dependent patients. Objective We sought to evaluate the current state of TUDT training for diverse professionals and how these skills are assessed in credentialing exams. Methods We performed a focused review of current educational practices, evidence-based strategies, and accreditation exam contents focused on TUDT. Results Among medical students, participants in reviewed studies reported anywhere from 45 minutes to 3 hours of TUDT training throughout their 4-year programs, most often in the form of didactic sessions. Similarly, little TUDT training was reported at the post-graduate (residency, fellowship, continuing medical education) levels, and reported training was typically delivered as time-based (expected hours of instruction) rather than competency-based (demonstration of mastery) learning. Multiple studies evaluated effective TUDT curricula at varied stages of training. More effective curricula incorporated longitudinal sessions and active learning, such as standardized patient encounters or proctored patient visits. Knowledge of TUDT is minimally evaluated on certification exams. For example, the American Board of Internal Medicine blueprint lists TUDT as <2% of one subtopic on both the internal medicine and pulmonary exams. Conclusion TUDT training for most clinicians is minimal, does not assess competency, and is minimally evaluated on certification exams. Effective, evidence-based TUDT training incorporating active learning should be integrated into medical education at all levels, with attention paid to inclusion on subsequent certifying exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C. Melzer
- Center for Care Delivery and Outcomes
Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical
Care, and Sleep, and
| | - Zachary A. Reese
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care, Department of Medicine
| | - Lorraine Mascarhenas
- Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Caitlin B. Clancy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care, Department of Medicine
| | - Janaki Deepak
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care,
Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland
| | - Hyma Gogineni
- Department of Pharmacy, Western University
of Health Sciences, Pomona, California
| | - Yaron Gesthalter
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care,
University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and
| | - Joanna L. Hart
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care, Department of Medicine
- Palliative and Advanced Illness Research
Center, and
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health
Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael
J. Crescenz Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
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Pueyo-Garrigues M, Agüera Z, Andrés A, Lluch-Canut MT, Tricas-Sauras S, Duaso MJ, Feliu A, Pardavila-Belio MI, Antón L, Cornejo-Ovalle M, Puig-Llobet M, Moreno-Arroyo C, Barroso T, Roca J, Martínez C. Knowledge, attitudes, behavioral and organizational factors of health professions students for a competent smoking cessation practice: An instrument adaptation and psychometric validation study in Spanish and English samples. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 70:103647. [PMID: 37121026 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve smoking cessation, training of health professions students is essential. However, no specific instrument is available to assess factors that may affect students' learning about smoking cessation practice. AIM To adapt and validate the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire in the population of undergraduate health professions students. DESIGN Methodological research. METHODS The researchers conducted this study with 511 Spanish and 186 English health professions students from four different universities. We used a four-step approach: 1) adaptation of the items to the target population and validation of the content by a panel of experts; 2) a pilot study to test face validity; 3) linguistic adaptation of the Spanish version to English; and 4) the psychometric assessment based on construct validity, criterion validity and internal consistency. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed four subscales for the Spanish version, namely 'Individual knowledge and skills', 'Individual attitudes and beliefs', 'Organizational support' and 'Organizational resources', which accounted for 85.1% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis in the holdout Spanish and English samples revealed adequate goodness-of-fit values, supporting the factor structure. Hypotheses testing demonstrated significant differences by capacitation in smoking cessation interventions and degree courses, providing further evidence regarding construct validity. All the subscales correlated positively with the criterion variables (5 A's smoking cessation model), except for the 'Organizational resources' subscale, which was not significantly correlated with the 5 A's. The overall Cronbach's alpha was.83 for the Spanish version and.88 for the English one. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide empirical support for the use of the Knowledge, Attitudes, Behaviors and Organization questionnaire for Students as a reliable and valid instrument to assess knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and organization perceptions in health professions students, which is essential for competent smoking cessation practice. Interestingly, 'Organizational resources' subscale presented the lowest correlations among factors and did not correlate with any component of the 5 A's, suggesting the need of enhancing students' responsibility and involvement during their internships, as well as the interest of some organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pueyo-Garrigues
- University of Navarra, School of Nursing, Community, Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, Campus Universitario, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28015 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Andrés
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Ramon Llull University, Blanquerna, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Lluch-Canut
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Tricas-Sauras
- Centre for Research in Social Approaches to Health, School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Erasmus Hogeschool Brussel, Departement Gezondheidszorg, Belgium
| | - Maria José Duaso
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, SE1 8WA London, United Kingdom
| | - Ariadna Feliu
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-ICO, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Idoia Pardavila-Belio
- University of Navarra, School of Nursing, Community, Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, Campus Universitario, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Spain
| | - Laura Antón
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-ICO, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Cornejo-Ovalle
- Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-ICO, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Montserrat Puig-Llobet
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Moreno-Arroyo
- Departament d'Infermeria Fonamental i Médico-Quirúrgica, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tereza Barroso
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Portugal
| | - Judith Roca
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy. Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Lleida, Spain; Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez
- Departament d'Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut Mental i Materno-infantil, Escola d'Infermeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Control and Prevention Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia-ICO, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain; Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, 490 Illinois St., 7th floor, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States.
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Pazdro-Zastawny K, Dorobisz K, Bobak-Sarnowska E, Zatoński T. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Cigarette Smoking Among Medical Students in Wroclaw, Poland. Healthc Policy 2022; 15:509-519. [PMID: 35330863 PMCID: PMC8939861 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s337529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karolina Dorobisz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: Karolina Dorobisz, Email
| | - Ewelina Bobak-Sarnowska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zatoński
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Jiménez-Ruiz CA, Chatkin JM, Morais A, Zabert G, Rosa P, Gea J, Cavalcanti Lundgren FL, Boléo-Tomé JP, Araújo AJD, Borrajo C, Buljubasich D, Garcia Rueda M. Consensus Document on Medical Faculty Education on the Treatment of Smoking. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 56:806-811. [PMID: 32513588 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of a consensus reached by an expert group of representatives from different medical societies in Latin America on the objectives, competencies (knowledge, and skills), content, and duration of smoking cessation education in Latin American medical schools. The document discusses the following aspects: epidemiology, nicotine dependence, factors for initiation and maintenance of tobacco use, smoking-related disorders, diagnosis, minimal intervention, non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation, and prevention of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Jiménez-Ruiz
- Presidente de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR); Unidad Especializada en Tabaquismo, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, España.
| | - Jose Miguel Chatkin
- Presidente Sociedade Brasileira Pneumologia e Tisiologia; Medicina Interna/Pneumologia, Escola de Medicina PUCRS, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Antonio Morais
- Presidente Sociedade Portuguesa Pneumologia; Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Oporto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina do Porto, Oporto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Zabert
- Presidente de Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax; Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Comahue, Argentina
| | - Paula Rosa
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital Vila França de Xira, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | | | | | - Alberto José de Araújo
- Departamento de Tabaquismo de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Tórax (ALAT), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cristina Borrajo
- Núcleo de Estudos e Tratamento do Tabagismo, Instituto de Doenças do Tórax, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Marcos Garcia Rueda
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, España
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Hyndman K, Thomas RE, Schira HR, Bradley J, Chachula K, Patterson SK, Compton SM. The Effectiveness of Tobacco Dependence Education in Health Professional Students' Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214158. [PMID: 31661922 PMCID: PMC6862178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review to examine the effectiveness of tobacco dependence education versus usual or no tobacco dependence education on entry-level health professional student practice and client smoking cessation. Sixteen published databases, seven grey literature databases/websites, publishers’ websites, books, and pertinent reference lists were searched. Studies from 16 health professional programs yielded 28 RCTs with data on 4343 healthcare students and 3122 patients. Two researchers independently assessed articles and abstracted data about student knowledge, self-efficacy, performance of tobacco cessation interventions, and patient smoking cessation. All forms of tobacco were included. We did not find separate interventions for different kinds of tobacco such as pipes or flavoured tobacco. We computed effect sizes using a random-effects model and applied meta-analytic procedures to 13 RCTs that provided data for meta-analysis. Students’ counseling skills increased significantly following the 5As model (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI 0.07, 1.98; p < 0.00001, I2 94%; p = 0.04) or motivational interviewing approach (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI 0.59, 1.21; p = 0.68, I2 0%; p < 0.00001). With tobacco dependence counseling, 78 more patients per 1000 (than control) reported quitting at 6 months (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.49, 2.74, I2 = 0%, p = 0.76; p < 0.00001), although the strength of evidence was moderate or low. Student tobacco cessation counseling improved guided by the above models, active learning strategies, and practice with standardized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Hyndman
- Faculty of Health Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada.
| | - Roger E Thomas
- School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - H Rainer Schira
- John E. Robbins Library, Brandon University, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada.
| | - Jenifer Bradley
- Department of National Defence, Petawawa, Ontario K8H 2X3, Canada.
| | - Kathryn Chachula
- Faculty of Health Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6A9, Canada.
| | - Steven K Patterson
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Sharon M Compton
- Dental Hygiene Program, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada.
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Lv Y, Yang X, Yin Q, Bai L, Luo Y, Sharma M, Zhao Y. The Perception and Intervention of Internship Nursing Students Helping Smokers to Quit: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E3882. [PMID: 31614952 PMCID: PMC6843520 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Smoking is among the most preventable causes of death globally. Tobacco cessation can lessen the number of potential deaths. The China Tobacco Cessation Guidelines encourage medical staff to perform the 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) when delivering tobacco dependence treatments to patients. Nursing students will develop to be nurses in the future and they have to finish 9 months of clinical practicum study in the last year at hospitals or care centers. However, the frequency of behaviors used to help smokers quit among Chinese nursing internship students is unclear. This study analyzed the rate of nurse interns' performance of the 5As and which demographic characteristics, perceptions of smoking and knowledge predicted higher performance of the 5As. Methods: The cluster sampling method was used to select 13 teaching hospitals among 29. All nursing intern students were expected to finish the questionnaire about their 5As behaviors to help patients quit smoking. Their 5As performances were scored from one to five with 5 being the best and scores were summed. A multivariate linear mixed-effect model was employed to test the differences between their 5As. Results: Participating in the survey were 1358 interns (62.4% response rate). The average scores were as follows-Ask-3.15, Advise-2.75, Assess-2.67, Assist-2.58 and Arrange-2.42. A total of 56.3% students perceived that medical staff should perform the 5As routinely to help patients quit smoking. On the other hand, 52.1% viewed clinical preceptors as role models of the 5As. School education regarding tobacco control, smoking dependence treatment, self-efficacy and positive intentions were predictors of higher performance of the 5As (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Nursing internship students seldom administered tobacco dependence treatments to patients. It is essential to improve the corresponding education, skills and self-efficacy of the 5As. Meanwhile, clinical preceptors should procure more training in the responsibilities and skills related to tobacco cessation. In this way, clinical preceptors can be role models of the 5As and impart positive influences on interns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
- College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yanhan Chen
- College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yalan Lv
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xia Yang
- College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Qianyu Yin
- College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Li Bai
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yaling Luo
- College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Department of Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA.
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Smoking-Related Attitudes and Knowledge Among Medical Students and Recent Graduates in Argentina: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Gen Intern Med 2017; 32:549-555. [PMID: 27730488 PMCID: PMC5400752 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-016-3890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physicians in Argentina smoke at rates similar to the general population, and do not have a clear role in tobacco control strategies. OBJECTIVE To describe the attitudes and knowledge of medical students and recent graduates towards smoking behavior in Argentina. DESIGN Cross-sectional self-administered online survey conducted in 2011. PARTICIPANTS Medical students and recent medical graduates from the University of Buenos Aires. MAIN MEASURES Attitudes and knowledge were evaluated by responses to 16 statements regarding the effects of smoking cigarettes and the role of physicians in tobacco control. Rates of agreement with a full ban on indoor smoking in different public settings were assessed. KEY RESULTS The sample included 1659 participants (response rate: 35.1 %), 453 of whom (27.3 %) were current smokers. Only 52 % of participants agreed that doctors should set an example for their patients by not smoking, 30.9 % thought that medical advice had little effect on patients' cessation behavior, and 19.4 % believed that physicians could decline to care for smoking patients who failed to quit. In adjusted logistic regression models, current smokers had less supportive attitudes about tobacco control and were less likely than non-smokers to agree with a full indoor smoking ban in hospitals (OR: 0.30; 95 % CI 0.16-0.58), universities (OR: 0.55; 95 % CI 0.41-0.73), workplaces (OR: 0.67; 95 % CI 0.50-0.88), restaurants (OR: 0.42; 95 % CI 0.33-0.53), cafes (OR: 0.41; 95 % CI 0.33-0.51), nightclubs (OR: 0.32; 95 % CI 0.25-0.40), and bars (0.35; 95 % CI 0.28-0.45). Recent medical graduates had more accurate knowledge about cessation and were more likely to agree with a full smoking ban in recreational venues. CONCLUSIONS Although most participants reported a strong anti-tobacco attitude, a proportion still failed to recognize the importance of their role as physicians in tobacco control strategies. Current smokers and current students were less likely to support indoor smoking bans. Specific educational curricula could address these factors.
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Lucas NCC, Walker N, Bullen C. Using a videotaped objective structured clinical examination to assess Knowledge In Smoking cessation amongst medical Students (the K.I.S.S. Study). MEDICAL TEACHER 2016; 38:1256-1261. [PMID: 27590001 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2016.1210116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brief smoking cessation advice from physicians is an effective smoking cessation intervention and is therefore an important skill medical students should master. We sought to assess the ability of medical students at the University of Auckland, New Zealand at different stages of their clinical education to provide accurate smoking cessation advice. METHODS Seventy-five medical students participated in a five-minute videotaped objective structured clinical examination (VOSCE) with a standardized patient. We marked them using a 10-point scale based on the "5As" of smoking cessation, with a score of 7/10 or more considered a pass. We used the general inductive method to analyze student feedback for key themes. RESULTS The mean score was 5.81/10, with only 15 (20%) students reaching the pass mark. Qualitative analysis revealed three themes: students had breadth of knowledge but lacked depth; their preference was to prescribe medications; and students were unable to identify where further smoking cessation support could be sourced. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION University of Auckland medical students performed poorly when giving smoking cessation advice. Inclusion of smoking cessation education in the undergraduate curriculum is required to ensure all graduates are capable of providing evidence-based and accurate cessation advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanael C C Lucas
- a National Institute of Health Innovation, School of Population Health , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Natalie Walker
- a National Institute of Health Innovation, School of Population Health , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Chris Bullen
- a National Institute of Health Innovation, School of Population Health , The University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
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Chidiac JE, Mohamed A, Krishnamoorthy M, Mahmoud K, Rajasekaranrathnakumar G, Palla M, Levine DL. US Medical Schools’ Awareness of Their Students Who Smoke, Cessation Programs Available, and the Potential Impact on Residency Match. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 20:95-99. [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Schultz ASH, Dunford D, Atout R, Grymonpre R. Situating tobacco dependency education in health professional prelicensure curricula: An interprofessional learning opportunity. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY THERAPY : CJRT = REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA THERAPIE RESPIRATOIRE : RCTR 2015; 51:86-8. [PMID: 26566378 PMCID: PMC4631134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette SH Schultz
- College of Nursing; Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Drena Dunford
- College of Pharmacy; Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Reem Atout
- College of Dentistry, Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - Ruby Grymonpre
- College of Nursing; Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
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