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Cano-Gutiérrez JC, Olguín-Tiznado JE, Camargo-Wilson C, López Barreras JA, García-Rivera BR, García-Alcaráz JL. Psychosocial risk factors identification in Mexican workers and RGIII validation. Work 2023; 76:189-203. [PMID: 36847055 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2018, NOM-035-STPS-2018 has been applied in Mexico, focused on measuring psychosocial risk factors (PRFs) in workers and the Reference Guide III (RGIII) has been presented, however, research focused on its validation has been scarce, in very specific sectors and with small samples. OBJECTIVE Determine the levels of PRFs of five work centers and reliability and validity aspects of RGIII. METHOD The RGIII was applied to 1458 workers (806 women and 652 men) from five workplace in the industrial sector of Ensenada (Mexico), and the level of risk of the PRFs was analyzed, as well as their reliability and validity through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). RESULTS The PRFs with medium, high and very high-risk levels are Workload, Lack of control over work and Workday. The RGIII presents adequate reliability with Cronbach's α, Alpha ordinal RHO and Omega of 0.93, 0.95 and 0.95, respectively. The EFA shows all five subscales maintain factor loadings greater than 0.43, although Leadership and relationships at work has better saturation values, and Work environment ended with only three items. The CFA indicates Leadership and work relationships with a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) goodness of fit index of 0.072. CONCLUSION The RGIII allows the identification and evaluation of the level of risk of PRFs. It complies with sufficient internal consistency. It does not have a clear factorial structure, because it does not meet the minimum values of goodness-of-fit indexes that would allow confirming the structure proposed in RGIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Cano-Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia Camargo-Wilson
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | | | - Blanca Rosa García-Rivera
- Faculty of Administrative and Social Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis García-Alcaráz
- Departament of Industrial Engineering and Manufacturing, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
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Cantu C, Crookes DM, Isasi CR, Daviglus ML, Garcia-Bedoya OL, Gallo LC, Perreira KM, Suglia SF. Examining the impact of the Cultural Gap Narrative on Family Functioning and Youth Substance Use among the Health Study/Study of latino Youth (HCHS/SOL Youth) population. J Immigr Minor Health 2022; 24:1526-1533. [PMID: 35316466 PMCID: PMC9989968 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-022-01350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The acculturation gap theory provides a complex illustration of how cultural orientations affect health behaviors among adolescents, by assuming that familial cultural orientation gaps lead to compromised family functioning and children adopting negative health behaviors. This analysis used three methods to conceptualize cultural gaps to examine the relationships between familial cultural orientation gaps and family functioning and substance use susceptibility among the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Hispanic/Latino Youth population. Results did not support the assumptions behind the acculturation gap theory. The methods used to conceptualize cultural gaps did not illustrate consistent underlying trends when measuring the relationship between cultural gaps and substance use susceptibility. There was no evidence of mediation on substance use susceptibility by perceived family functioning for either cultural domains using each method. This analysis underscores the need to refine the framework behind the acculturation gap theory and how cultural gaps are measured among Hispanic/Latino youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cera Cantu
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, 30322, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Danielle M Crookes
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, 30322, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Olga L Garcia-Bedoya
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Institute for Minority Health Research, Chicago, United States
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Shakira F Suglia
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd, 30322, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Stevenson J, Miller CL, Martin K, Mohammadi L, Lawn S. Investigating the reciprocal temporal relationships between tobacco consumption and psychological disorders for youth: an international review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055499. [PMID: 35697442 PMCID: PMC9196180 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate reciprocal temporal relationships between tobacco consumption and psychological disorders for youth.Design: Review DATA SOURCES: Five databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and PsycINFO) on 26 September 2019 and updated on 11 May 2021, indexing tobacco, mental illness and longitudinal.Study selection: Methods used consensus and multiple reviewers. INTERVENTIONS Cohort studies (n=49) examining tobacco and selected psychological disorders (depression, anxiety, bipolar, psychosis, borderline personality disorder) among youth, and systematic reviews (n=4) of these relationships met inclusion criteria. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Effect of tobacco on psychological disorders and effect of psychological disorders on tobacco. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Independent extraction by the first author and checked by final author. Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools were used for all studies.Included studies had moderate-to-high appraisal scores. We synthesised findings using vote counting for effect direction and descriptive data. RESULTS Fifty-three studies were included in the review. Thirteen of 15 studies showed a positive effect direction of tobacco on depression (p<0.001). Six of 12 studies showed a positive effect direction of depression on tobacco (p=0.016). Six of eight studies showed a positive effect direction of tobacco on anxiety (p=0.016). Eleven of 18 studies showed a positive effect direction of anxiety on tobacco (p=0.003). No effect between tobacco and bipolar, or tobacco and psychosis was found. No studies examined tobacco and borderline personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS Reciprocal relationships existed between tobacco and both depression and anxiety for youth, though causality is unconfirmed. No positive effect direction was found between tobacco and psychosis, perhaps because nicotine has conflicting effects on psychosis. For other relationships examined, evidence was weak because of low number of studies. More research to inform prevention and early intervention is needed. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020150457.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Stevenson
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline Louise Miller
- Public Health, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Health Policy Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kimberley Martin
- Public Health, The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Leila Mohammadi
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sharon Lawn
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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East K, McNeill A, Thrasher JF, Hitchman SC. Social norms as a predictor of smoking uptake among youth: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of prospective cohort studies. Addiction 2021; 116:2953-2967. [PMID: 33538370 DOI: 10.1111/add.15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Social norms towards smoking are a key concept in tobacco control policy and research. However, the influence and strength of different types of social norms on youth smoking uptake is unclear. This study aimed to examine, quantify and compare evidence of the longitudinal associations between different types of social norms towards smoking and youth smoking uptake (initiation and escalation). METHODS Systematic review searching four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL) from January 1998 to October 2020. Evidence synthesis via narrative review, meta-analysis pooling unadjusted associations (initiation only, due to heterogeneity in escalation outcomes) and meta-regression comparing effect sizes by norm type and study characteristics. Studies included observational prospective cohort studies using survey methodology with youth aged ≤24 years. Measurements included longitudinal associations between descriptive norms (perceived smoking behaviour) and injunctive norms (perceived approval/disapproval of smoking) among social network(s) and subsequent smoking initiation or escalation. RESULTS Thirty articles were identified. In the narrative review, smoking initiation (but not escalation) was consistently predicted by two norms: parental and close friend smoking. Associations between smoking uptake and other descriptive norms (smoking among siblings, family/household, partner, peers, adults) and all injunctive norms (perceived approval of smoking among parents, siblings, close friends/peers, partner, teachers, people important to you, the public) were less consistent or inconclusive. In the meta-analysis pooling unadjusted associations, 17 articles were included (n = 27 767). Smoking initiation was predicted by the following descriptive norms: smoking among parents [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.88, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.56-2.28], close friends (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.99-3.23), siblings (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.93-3.08), family/household (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.36-1.76) and adults (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.02-1.75), but not peers (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.92-1.42). Smoking initiation was also predicted by two injunctive norms, perceived approval of smoking among parents (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.27-2.38) and the public (OR = 4.57, 95% CI = 3.21-6.49), but not close friends/peers (OR = 2.36, 95% CI = 0.86-6.53) or people important to the individual (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.98-1.58). CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review (narrative and meta-analysis), descriptive norms of parents' and close friends' smoking behaviour appeared to be consistent predictors of youth smoking initiation, more so than the descriptive norms of more distal social networks and injunctive norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine East
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Shaping Public Health Policies to Reduce Inequalities and Harm (SPECTRUM) Consortium, London, UK.,School of Public Health and Health Systems, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Ann McNeill
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Shaping Public Health Policies to Reduce Inequalities and Harm (SPECTRUM) Consortium, London, UK
| | - James F Thrasher
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Department of Tobacco Research, Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Sara C Hitchman
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Brown C, Nkemjika S, Yankey B, Okosun I. Alternative Tobacco Product Use and Smoking Quit Attempts Among Teenagers in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2021; 13:e16740. [PMID: 34471583 PMCID: PMC8403058 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Public health interventions have heightened awareness of risk factors and ill effects of tobacco use. Though sales of conventional tobacco products have been steadily declining, there is the advent of a new generation of alternative tobacco products marketed with claims of reduced harms and smoking cessation aids. These products are increasing in prevalence and popularity among adolescents. Aim The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of tobacco quit attempts in adolescents in the United States and examine its relationship to the use and self-reported awareness of two alternative tobacco products: e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTPs). Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of data (2,271) from the 2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) of middle and high school students in the United States. Logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the odds of tobacco quit attempts adjusting for age, race, gender, school type, and household tobacco exposure. Results The overall prevalence of tobacco quit attempts among e-cigarette users and HTP users was 52.50% and 5.20%, respectively. Results of multivariate regression analyses identified age (OR=0.74, 95% CI:0.57-0.96), race (OR=1.41, 95% CI:1.14-1.75), and household tobacco smoke exposure (OR=1.19, 95% CI:1.01-1.39) as the main factors that are significantly associated with tobacco quit attempts adjusting for all other covariates. Conclusion This study did not show a statistically significant association between the awareness and use of e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products and tobacco smoking quit attempts. Race, age, and exposure to household tobacco smoking were positively associated with quit attempts. Further studies are needed to clarify whether the use and awareness of e-cigarettes and HTPs are associated with tobacco smoking quit attempts within the US adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colvette Brown
- Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA.,Environmental Health, Newton County Health Department, Covington, USA
| | - Stanley Nkemjika
- Public Health/Epidemiology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Barbara Yankey
- Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Ike Okosun
- Population Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
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Factors Associated With Smoking Behaviors Among Late Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. J Addict Nurs 2021; 32:46-51. [PMID: 33646718 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study examined factors associated with smoking behaviors among late adolescents in Taiwan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 377 adolescents from four high schools who answered self-report questionnaires. The results indicated that 10.8% (n = 41) of the participants were current smokers. Univariate analysis indicated that current smoking status was significantly associated with smoking social confidence, smoking social connection, friend smoking, and smoking policy in schools. Logistic regression showed smoking social confidence (adjusted odds ratio = 1.41, 95% CI [1.16, 1.72], p = .01) and friend smoking (adjusted odds ratio = 2.80, 95% CI [1.67, 4.70], p < .01) were significantly associated with being a current smoker. Health professionals should consider implementing school-based programs to reduce influence of friend smoking, through strategies for resisting peer pressure, to reduce smoking. Educating late adolescents on improving skills related to social confidence, such as increasing communication abilities, should also be a part of these programs.
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Ariani DR, Mulyono S, Widyatuti. Risk Factors for the Initiation of Smoking Behavior in Primary School Age Children in Karawang, Indonesia. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs 2019; 42:154-165. [PMID: 31192733 DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2019.1578436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Increases in smoking behavior among people in the community can cause health problems. Current smoking behavior changes in the younger generation and spreads to children. This condition is a concern for elementary school-age children. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between risk factors for smoking behavior in primary school-aged children in Karawang. Descriptive research method with cross-sectional design was used; a random sampling technique obtained a sample of 356 respondents aged 9-12 years in Karawang. This study used a smoking behavior questionnaire with validity (0.469-0.872) and reliability (0.92). Data were analyzed using linear correlation and multiple linear regression. The results of study show a relationship between age risk factors for the first-time smoking, family of smokers, and following trends and wanting to be cool with smoking behavior of primary school-age children. Multivariate analysis of multiple linear regression showed that the most dominant factor related to smoking behavior was sex (R square = 0.159). Risk factors for smoking and sex affect smoking behavior in primary school-aged children in Karawang Regency. The findings of this study indicate the need to control risk factors that influence school-age children to start smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desy Rizki Ariani
- a Faculty of Nursing , Universitas Indonesia , Depok , West Java , Indonesia.,b Department of Community Health Nursing , Institute of Health Science Kharisma , Karawang , West Java , Indonesia
| | - Sigit Mulyono
- a Faculty of Nursing , Universitas Indonesia , Depok , West Java , Indonesia
| | - Widyatuti
- a Faculty of Nursing , Universitas Indonesia , Depok , West Java , Indonesia
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Khalil GE, Calabro KS, Prokhorov AV. Development and initial testing of the brief adolescent smoking curiosity scale (ASCOS). Addict Behav 2018; 78:67-73. [PMID: 29127786 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the reasons behind tobacco smoking at young age are complex, research has identified curiosity as a potent driver of smoking among adolescents. OBJECTIVE The objective of the current study is to develop and provide initial evidence of reliability and validity of a short scale assessing smoking curiosity among adolescents (first measure of its kind). In particular, we developed and tested the adolescent smoking curiosity scale (ASCOS). METHODS After scale development, 101 adolescents completed a survey on smoking-related measures, including ASCOS (June to August 2014). We conducted exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha calculation to inspect factor-structure and reliability. We conducted multiple linear regression models to examine the scale's capacity to predict antecedents of smoking initiation. RESULTS Factor analysis supported a single-factor structure of smoking curiosity. ASCOS was internally reliable (Cronbach's alpha=0.83). Controlling for demographics, the measure correlated significantly with temptation to try smoking (β=0.41, p<0.01), number of friends who smoke (β=0.27, p<0.01), agreeing with the pros of smoking (β=0.41, p<0.001), sensation seeking (β=0.21, p<0.05), and depression (β=0.23, p<0.01). When controlling for a single-item measure for smoking curiosity, ASCOS significantly predicted susceptibility to smoke cigarettes (OR=3.40, p<0.05) and cigars (OR=6.66, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS ASCOS presented good psychometric properties and passed initial validity-testing through associations with antecedents of smoking. ASCOS was a better predictor of susceptibility to smoke than did a traditional single-item measure used by previous research. As an implication, ASCOS can be crucial to the development of tailored interventions for smoking prevention that can reduce smoking curiosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges E Khalil
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, 1155 Pressler, Unit 1330, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Karen S Calabro
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, 1155 Pressler, Unit 1330, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Alexander V Prokhorov
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Behavioral Science, 1155 Pressler, Unit 1330, Houston, TX 77030, United States
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