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Denche-Zamorano Á, Salas-Gómez D, Franco-García JM, Adsuar JC, Parraca JA, Collado-Mateo D. Associations between Physical Activity Frequency in Leisure Time and Subjective Cognitive Limitations in Middle-Aged Spanish Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1056. [PMID: 38891131 PMCID: PMC11171578 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a global ageing of the world's population. Ageing is associated with multiple pathologies, reductions in physical activity, and losses in cognitive function. This study aimed to analyse the associations between the frequency of leisure-time physical activity (PAF) in middle-aged Spaniards and subjective cognitive limitations (SCLs): self-reported problems for remembering or concentrating (data extracted from the 2017 National Health Survey and the 2020 European Health Survey in Spain). Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate risk factors that could be related to a higher probability of developing SCLs. This was a cross-sectional study with 15,866 middle-aged Spaniards. The associations between FAP and SCLs were analysed using chi-square. Also, the risk factors for SCLs were evaluated using binary multiple logistic regression. The median age of participants was 55 years, with 49% men and 51% women. Associations were found between PAF and SCLs (p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of SCLs was found in physically inactive people and the lowest in very active people (13.7% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.05), and people with SCLs had a higher prevalence of inactivity than those without SCLs (47.2% vs. 33.8%, p < 0.05). Physical inactivity, low educational level, low social class, and being female were the main risk factors for SCLs. Among the actions to prevent cognitive limitations, as well as interventions in people with cognitive limitations, it would be advisable to include physical activity programmes, both as a preventive measure to delay cognitive limitations and to reduce the risk of other pathologies in people who already have them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.)
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Diana Salas-Gómez
- Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat (EUG), Physiotherapy School Cantabria, University of Cantabria, 39300 Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - José Carmelo Adsuar
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.)
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José A. Parraca
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Evora, 7004-516 Evora, Portugal
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Pindus DM, Ai M, Chaddock-Heyman L, Burzynska AZ, Gothe NP, Salerno EA, Fanning J, Arnold Anteraper SRA, Castanon AN, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Hillman CH, McAuley E, Kramer AF. Physical activity-related individual differences in functional human connectome are linked to fluid intelligence in older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 137:94-104. [PMID: 38460470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The study examined resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MV-PA), sedentary time (ST), TV viewing, computer use, and their relationship to cognitive performance in older adults. We used pre-intervention data from 119 participants from the Fit & Active Seniors trial. Multivariate pattern analysis revealed two seeds associated with MV-PA: right superior frontal gyrus (SFG; spanning frontoparietal [FPN] and ventral attention networks [VAN]) and right precentral (PrG) and postcentral gyri (PoG) of the somatosensory network (SN). A positive correlation between the right SFG seed and a cluster spanning default mode (DMN), dorsal attention (DAN), FPN, and visual networks (VIS) was linked to higher fluid intelligence, as was FC between the right PrG/PoG seed and a cluster in VIS. No significant rs-FC patterns associated with ST, TV viewing, or computer use were found. Our findings suggest that greater functional integration within networks implementing top-down control and within those supporting visuospatial abilities, paired with segregation between networks critical and those not critical to top-down control, may help promote cognitive reserve in more physically active seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika M Pindus
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Meishan Ai
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Agnieszka Z Burzynska
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Neha P Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Cheong SM, Gaynanova I. Sensing the impact of extreme heat on physical activity and sleep. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241241509. [PMID: 38528970 PMCID: PMC10962040 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241241509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study assesses the person-specific impact of extreme heat on low-income households using wearable sensors. The focus is on the intensive and longitudinal assessment of physical activity and sleep with the rising person-specific ambient temperature. Methods This study recruited 30 participants in a low-income and predominantly Black community in Houston, Texas in August and September of 2022. Each participant wore on his/her wrist an accelerometer that recorded person-specific ambient temperature, sedentary behavior, physical activity intensity (low and moderate to vigorous), and sleep efficiency 24 h over 14 days. Mixed effects models were used to analyze associations among physical activity, sleep, and person-specific ambient temperature. Results The main findings include increased sedentary time, sleep impairment with the rise of person-level ambient temperature, and the mitigating role of AC. Conclusions Extreme heat negatively affects physical activity and sleep. The negative consequences are especially critical for those with limited use of AC in lower-income neighborhoods of color. Staying home with a high indoor temperature during hot days can lead to various adverse health outcomes including accelerated cognitive decline, higher cancer risk, and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Min Cheong
- Department of Public Service & Administration, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Irina Gaynanova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Rawat P, Sehar U, Bisht J, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias in Hispanics: Identifying influential factors and supporting caregivers. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 93:102178. [PMID: 38154509 PMCID: PMC10807242 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) are the primary public health concerns in the United States and around the globe. AD/ADRD are irreversible mental illnesses that primarily impair memory and thought processes and may lead to cognitive decline among older individuals. The prevalence of AD/ADRD is higher in Native Americans, followed by African Americans and Hispanics. Increasing evidence suggests that Hispanics are the fastest-growing ethnic population in the USA and worldwide. Hispanics develop clinical symptoms of AD/ADRD and other comorbidities nearly seven years earlier than non-Hispanic whites. The consequences of AD/ADRD can be challenging for patients, their families, and caregivers. There is a significant increase in the burden of illness, primarily affecting Hispanic/Latino families. This is partly due to their strong sense of duty towards family, and it is exacerbated by the inadequacy of healthcare and community services that are culturally and linguistically suitable and responsive to their needs. With an increasing age population, low socioeconomic status, low education, high genetic predisposition to age-related conditions, unique cultural habits, and social behaviors, Hispanic Americans face a higher risk of AD/ADRD than other racial/ethnic groups. Our article highlights the status of Hispanic older adults with AD/ADRD. We also discussed the intervention to improve the quality of life in Hispanic caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA
| | - Jasbir Bisht
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock 79430, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
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Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey JM, Cherbuin N. Physical activity and cognitive function in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the PATH through life study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1022868. [PMID: 37691791 PMCID: PMC10484531 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1022868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Investigate the independent associations of objectively measured or self-reported physical activity at different intensities with cognitive performance in middle-aged adults. Design Cross-sectional. Methods 156 middle-aged adults (age: 40.6 ± 1.5, 58.3% female) participated in the physical activity sub-study of the Personality and Total Health through life (PATH) project. Physical activity was measured objectively with the SenseWear™ armband (SWA), worn for seven consecutive days, and measured via self-report with a Physical Activity Recall survey (PAR). Cognitive performance was assessed with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the Digit Span Backwards, and an Immediate and Delayed Recall task. Associations between physical activity intensity and cognitive function were investigated in general linear models, controlling for age, sex, and education. Results Neither objectively measured nor self-reported physical activity were associated with cognitive function at light-, moderate-, vigorous-, or combined moderate-to-vigorous intensity in this cohort of well educated, healthy middle-aged adults. Sensitivity analyses with additional moderators (e.g., body mass index, hypertension, alcohol intake) and the use of composite cognitive measures did not alter the results. Conclusion In this cohort of middle-aged adults, objectively measured and self-reported physical activity do not appear to be associated with cognitive function. Longitudinal follow-ups utilising objective physical activity measures may be important in determining the impact of mid-life behaviours on the trajectory of cognitive changes into older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Quinlan
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ben Rattray
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Disa Pryor
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Joseph M. Northey
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Vásquez PM, Tarraf W, Chai A, Doza A, Sotres-Alvarez D, Diaz KM, Zlatar ZZ, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Gallo LC, Estrella ML, Vásquez E, Evenson KR, Khambaty T, Thyagarajan B, Singer RH, Schneiderman N, Daviglus ML, González HM. Accelerometer-Measured Latent Physical Activity Profiles and Neurocognition Among Middle-Aged and Older Hispanic/Latino Adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2022; 77:e263-e278. [PMID: 36219450 PMCID: PMC9799203 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Derive latent profiles of accelerometry-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for Hispanic/Latino adults, examine associations between latent MVPA profiles and neurocognition, and describe profiles via self-reported MVPA. METHODS Complex survey design methods were applied to cross-sectional data from 7,672 adults ages 45-74 years in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL; 2008-2011). MVPA was measured via hip-worn accelerometers. Latent profile analysis was applied to derive latent MVPA profiles (minutes/day of week). Neurocognition was assessed with the Brief-Spanish English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT) Sum, B-SEVLT Recall, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (word fluency), and Digit Symbol Substitution (DSS) test. All tests were z-scored, and a global neurocognition score was generated by averaging across scores. Survey linear regression models were used to examine associations between latent MVPA profiles and neurocognitive measures. Self-reported MVPA domains were estimated (occupational, transportation, and recreational) for each latent profile. RESULTS Four latent MVPA profiles from the overall adult target population (18-74 years) were derived and putatively labeled: No MVPA, low, moderate, and high. Only the high MVPA profile (compared to moderate) was associated with lower global neurocognition. Sensitivity analyses using latent MVPA profiles with only participants aged 45-74 years showed similar profiles, but no associations between latent MVPA profiles and neurocognition. The occupational MVPA domain led in all latent MVPA profiles. DISCUSSION We found no consistent evidence to link accelerometry-measured MVPA profiles to neurocognitive function. Research to better characterize the role of high occupational MVPA in relation to neurocognition among Hispanic/Latino adults are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla M Vásquez
- Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare Services, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Albert Chai
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Adit Doza
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare Services, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zvinka Z Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mayra L Estrella
- Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vásquez
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, USA
| | - Kelly R Evenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tasneem Khambaty
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard H Singer
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Neil Schneiderman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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Pindus DM, Selzer-Ninomiya A, Nayak A, Pionke JJ, Raine LB. Effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration by increasing physical activity, on cognitive function, brain function and structure across the lifespan: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e046077. [PMID: 36270758 PMCID: PMC9594536 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Greater engagement in sedentary behaviours has been related to poorer cognitive functions in epidemiological research. However, the effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration on cognitive function, brain function, and structure remain poorly understood. This systematic review aims to synthesise the evidence on the effects of reducing sedentary behaviour duration by increasing time spent in physical activity on cognitive function, brain structure and function in apparently healthy children, adolescents and adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The protocol follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The literature search will be conducted (search dates: August-September 2022) across six databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (via EBSCO Host), PsycINFO (via ProQuest), SPORTDiscus and Web of Science (Science and Social Science Citation Index). The inclusion criteria are as follows: randomised and non-randomised experimental studies as defined by the Cochrane Handbook, published in English, in peer-reviewed journals, and as theses or dissertations. References of included papers will be screened for additional studies. Acute and chronic interventions targeting children (≥ 4 years), adolescents, younger adults (≥ 18-40 years), middle-aged (40-64 years) and older adults (65+ years) will be eligible. Methodological quality will be assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Qualitative synthesis will be stratified by intervention type (acute vs chronic), intervention content (reducing sedentary time or interrupting prolonged sitting) and outcome (cognitive, brain structure and function). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No primary data collection will be conducted as part of this systematic review. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and social media. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020200998.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika M Pindus
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ana Selzer-Ninomiya
- Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Applied Health Sciences, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Apurva Nayak
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - J J Pionke
- University Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Lauren B Raine
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Dillon K, Morava A, Prapavessis H, Grigsby-Duffy L, Novic A, Gardiner PA. Total Sedentary Time and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:127. [PMID: 36224459 PMCID: PMC9556686 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00507-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background An estimated 47 million people have dementia globally, and around 10 million new cases are diagnosed each year. Many lifestyle factors have been linked to cognitive impairment; one emerging modifiable lifestyle factor is sedentary time. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature examining the association between total sedentary time with cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults under the moderating conditions of (a) type of sedentary time measurement; (b) the cognitive domain being assessed; (c) looking at sedentary time using categorical variables (i.e., high versus low sedentary time); and (d) the pattern of sedentary time accumulation (e.g., longer versus shorter bouts). We also aimed to examine the prevalence of sedentary time in healthy versus cognitively impaired populations and to explore how experimental studies reducing or breaking up sedentary time affect cognitive function. Lastly, we aimed to conduct a quantitative pooled analysis of all individual studies through meta-analysis procedures to derive conclusions about these relationships. Methods Eight electronic databases (EMBASE; Web of Science; PsycINFO; CINAHL; SciELO; SPORTDiscus; PubMed; and Scopus) were searched from inception to February 2021. Our search included terms related to the exposure (i.e., sedentary time), the population (i.e., middle-aged and older adults), and the outcome of interest (i.e., cognitive function). PICOS framework used middle-aged and older adults where there was an intervention or exposure of any sedentary time compared to any or no comparison, where cognitive function and/or cognitive impairment was measured, and all types of quantitative, empirical, observational data published in any year were included that were published in English. Risk of bias was assessed using QualSyst. Results Fifty-three studies including 83,137 participants met the inclusion criteria of which 23 studies had appropriate data for inclusion in the main meta-analysis. The overall meta-analysis suggested that total sedentary time has no association with cognitive function (r = −0.012 [95% CI − 0.035, 0.011], p = 0.296) with marked heterogeneity (I2 = 89%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated a significant negative association for studies using a device to capture sedentary time r = −0.035 [95% CI − 0.063, − 0.008], p = 0.012). Specifically, the domains of global cognitive function (r = −0.061 [95% CI − 0.100, − 0.022], p = 0.002) and processing speed (r = −0.067, [95% CI − 0.103, − 0.030], p < 0.001). A significant positive association was found for studies using self-report (r = 0.037 [95% CI − 0.019, 0.054], p < 0.001). Specifically, the domain of processing speed showed a significant positive association (r = 0.057 [95% CI 0.045, 0.069], p < 0.001). For prevalence, populations diagnosed with cognitive impairment spent significantly more time sedentary compared to populations with no known cognitive impairments (standard difference in mean = −0.219 [95% CI − 0.310, − 0.128], p < 0.001). Conclusions The association of total sedentary time with cognitive function is weak and varies based on measurement of sedentary time and domain being assessed. Future research is needed to better categorize domains of sedentary behaviour with both a validated self-report and device-based measure in order to improve the strength of this relationship. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018082384. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-022-00507-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Dillon
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Anisa Morava
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada
| | - Lily Grigsby-Duffy
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Adam Novic
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1022.10000 0004 0437 5432School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul A. Gardiner
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, Kinesiology, London, ON Canada ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia ,grid.1048.d0000 0004 0473 0844Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, The University of Southern Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Luo L, Wang G, Zhou H, Zhang L, Ma CXN, Little JP, Yu Z, Teng H, Yin JY, Wan Z. Sex-specific longitudinal association between baseline physical activity level and cognitive decline in Chinese over 45 years old: Evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1721-1729. [PMID: 34166602 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1935456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether sex-specific associations between baseline PA level and follow up cognitive performance in Chinese subjects exist from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal study (CHARLS). METHOD A total of 3395 adults aged 45 or old from the CHARLS were used for analysis. The combined scores of measurements of mental status and verbal episodic memory were utilized for assessing cognitive function at baseline in 2011 and the follow-up survey in 2015. Baseline PA level was quantified as the total PA score. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between baseline PA status and global cognitive function and cognitive domains. RESULTS In the female subjects (n = 1748), compared with individuals of PA level in the lower tertile, those grouped into the upper tertile had the lowest risk of global cognitive decline [odds ratio (OR) =0.273, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.077-0.960; p = 0.043] and verbal episodic memory decline [OR)=0.257, 95% CI =0.066-1.003; p = 0.051] from 2011 to 2015. However, no significant associations were observed in the male subjects (n = 1647). CONCLUSION In the female subjects, higher PA level was associated with reduced risk of cognitive decline within 4 years, this might be associated with reduced decline of verbal episodic memory. Our findings confirmed that female sex would positively affect the association between PA levels and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guiping Wang
- School of Physical Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen-Xi-Nan Ma
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jonathan P Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haoyue Teng
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie-Yun Yin
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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10
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Bojsen-Møller E, Wang R, Nilsson J, Heiland EG, Boraxbekk CJ, Kallings LV, Ekblom M. The effect of two multi-component behavior change interventions on cognitive functions. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1082. [PMID: 35641971 PMCID: PMC9158235 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously reported the effects of two cluster-randomized 6-month multi-component workplace interventions, targeting reducing sedentary behavior or increasing physical activity among office workers, on movement behaviors and cardiorespiratory fitness. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these interventions on cognitive functions compared to a wait-list control group. The secondary aims were to examine if changes in cognition were related to change in cardiorespiratory fitness or movement behaviors and if age, sex, or cardiorespiratory fitness moderated these associations. Methods Both interventions encompassed multi-components acting on the individual, environmental, and organizational levels and aimed to change physical activity patterns to improve mental health and cognitive function. Out of 263 included participants, 139 (mean age 43 years, 76% females) completed a neuropsychological test battery and wore accelerometers at baseline and 6-month follow-up. The intervention effect (aim 1) on cognitive composite scores (i.e., Executive Functions, Episodic Memory, Processing Speed, and Global Cognition) was investigated. Additionally, associations between changes in movement behaviors and cardiorespiratory fitness, and changes in cognition were examined (aim 2). Moreover, age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness level were investigated as possible moderators of change associations (aim 3). Results Overall, cognitive performance improved from baseline to follow-up, but the change did not differ between the intervention groups and the control group. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness or any movement behavior category did not predict changes in cognitive functions. The association between changes in time in bed and changes in both Executive Function and Global Cognition were moderated by age, such that a more positive relation was seen with increasing age. A less positive association was seen between changes in sedentary behavior and Processing Speed for men vs. women, whereas higher cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a more positive association between changes in moderate-intensity physical activity and Global Cognition. Conclusion The lack of an intervention effect on cognitive functions was expected since the intervention did not change movement behavior or fitness. Age, sex, and cardiorespiratory fitness level might moderate the relationships between movement behaviors and cognitive functions changes. Trial registration ISRCTN92968402. Registered 09/04/2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Bojsen-Møller
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonna Nilsson
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emerald G Heiland
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Boraxbekk
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance (DRCMR), Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC) and Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lena V Kallings
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Abstract
Although a relationship between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and stroke has long been recognized, these risk factors likely play a role in other aspects of brain health. Clinical stroke is only the tip of the iceberg of vascular brain injury that includes covert infarcts, white matter hyperintensities, and microbleeds. Furthermore, an individual's risk for not only stroke but poor brain health includes not only these traditional vascular risk factors but also lifestyle and genetic factors. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the state of the evidence on traditional and nontraditional vascular risk factors and their contributions to brain health. Additionally, we will review important modifiers that interact with these risk factors to increase, or, in some cases, reduce risk of adverse brain health outcomes, with an emphasis on genes and biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease. Finally, we will consider the importance of social determinants of health in brain health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F Gottesman
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD (R.F.G.)
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UTHSA, San Antonio, TX (S.S.).,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA (S.S.)
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12
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Gerten S, Engeroff T, Fleckenstein J, Füzéki E, Matura S, Pilatus U, Vogt L, Pantel J, Banzer W. Deducing the Impact of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Performance on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:777490. [PMID: 35069177 PMCID: PMC8769503 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.777490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Participating in physical activity and maintaining physical performance as well as reducing sedentary behavior are discussed to be beneficially associated with cognitive function in older adults. The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to differentiate the relevance of objectively measured physical activity, physical performance, and sedentary behavior on cognitive function in healthy older adults (n = 56, age = 76 ± 7 yrs, gender = 30 female). Methods: Accelerometer based physical activity and sedentary behavior were analyzed as minutes per week spent sedentary and physically active with light or moderate to vigorous intensity. Participants' physical performance was assessed via cardiopulmonary exercise testing and analyzed as maximal workload and heart rate, heart rate reserve and peak oxygen uptake. The assessment of cognitive function included working memory, attention, executive function, and verbal memory. Data was analyzed with Spearman and partial correlations. Trial registration: NCT02343029. Results: Light physical activity was moderately associated with executive function (r = -0.339, p = 0.015). Attention was significantly associated with maximal workload (r = -0.286, p = 0.042) and peak oxygen uptake (r = -0.337, p = 0.015). Working memory was associated with maximal workload (r = 0.329, p = 0.017). Conclusion: Whereas a broad range of cognitive function were beneficially linked to physical performance, light intensity activities in particular showed an impact on executive function. Our research underlines the need to separate the impact of physical performance and physical activity on cognitive function and highlights the relevance of light physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Gerten
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Neurocognition and Action – Biomechanics Research Group, Department of Sports Sciences, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center of Excellence “Cognitive Interaction Technology”, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tobias Engeroff
- Division Health and Performance, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty 16, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Fleckenstein
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Eszter Füzéki
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Institute of General Practice, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pilatus
- Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Pantel
- Institute of General Practice, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Faculty of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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13
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Sanborn V, Gunstad J. The Potential Mediation of the Effects of Physical Activity on Cognitive Function by the Gut Microbiome. Geriatrics (Basel) 2020; 5:geriatrics5040063. [PMID: 32992812 PMCID: PMC7709629 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics5040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of older adults is growing dramatically worldwide. As older adults are at greater risk of developing disorders associated with cognitive dysfunction (i.e., dementia), healthcare costs are expected to double by 2040. Evidence suggests dementia may be slowed or prevented by lifestyle interventions, including physical activity (PA). PA is associated with improved cognitive function and may reduce risk for dementia by mitigating known risk factors (i.e., cardiovascular diseases) and/or by enhancing neurochemical processes. An emerging area of research suggests the gut microbiome may have similar neuroprotective effects. Altering the gut microbiome has been found to target physiological processes associated with dementia risk, and it influences gut-brain-microbiome axis signaling, impacting cognitive functioning. The gut microbiome can be altered by several means (i.e., disease, diet, prebiotics, probiotics), including PA. As PA and the gut microbiome independently influence cognitive function and PA changes the composition of the gut microbiome, cognitive improvement due to PA may be partially mediated by the gut microbiome. The present article provides an overview of the literature regarding the complex associations among PA, cognitive function, and the gut microbiome, as well as their underlying biological mechanisms. A comprehensive, theoretical model integrating evidence for the potential mediation is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sanborn
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - John Gunstad
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA;
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA
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14
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Estrella ML, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Gallo LC, Isasi CR, Perreira KM, Vu THT, Vasquez E, Sachdeva S, Zeng D, Llabre MM, Tarraf W, González HM, Daviglus ML, Lamar M. Associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older women and men: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 55:685-696. [PMID: 31974810 PMCID: PMC7276286 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino women and men. METHODS Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008-2011) and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (2009-2010) were used. Participants were Hispanic/Latino women (n = 1812) and men (n = 1034) aged 45-74 years. Survey-weighted linear regression models were used to examine associations between self-reported perceived neighborhood environment (i.e., neighborhood social cohesion and problems categorized as quintiles, and neighborhood safety from crime categorized as low, medium, or high) with cognitive function (i.e., global cognition, verbal learning, memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed scores) in women and men. Final model adjusted for age, Hispanic/Latino background, language, field site, household income, education, years lived in neighborhood, and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Women in the lowest quintile of perceived neighborhood problems (vs. highest quintile) had higher global cognition (β 0.48, 95% CI 0.03, 0.94, p trend 0.229) and memory scores (0.60, 95% CI 0.11, 1.09, p trend: 0.060). Women in the highest quintile of perceived neighborhood social cohesion (vs. lowest quintile) had lower global cognition (β - 0.56, 95% CI - 1.02, - 0.09, p trend 0.004), verbal learning (B - 1.01, 95% CI - 2.00, - 0.03, p trend 0.015), verbal fluency (B - 2.00, 95% CI - 3.83, - 0.16, p trend 0.006), and processing speed (B - 2.11, 95% CI - 3.87, - 0.36, p trend 0.009). There was no association between perceived neighborhood safety from crime and cognition among women, or between any perceived neighborhood environment measure and cognition among men. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latina women living in neighborhoods with the lowest perceived problems had higher global cognition and memory. Women living in neighborhoods with the highest perceived social cohesion had lower global cognition, verbal learning, verbal fluency, and processing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra L Estrella
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thanh-Huyen T Vu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Vasquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Sachdeva
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Hector M González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois At Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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15
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Relationships between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Cognitive Functions in Office Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234721. [PMID: 31783476 PMCID: PMC6926659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence from animal experiments suggests that physical activity (PA) promotes neuroplasticity and learning. For humans, most research on the relationship between PA, sedentary behaviour (SB), and cognitive function has relied on self-reported measures of behaviour. Office work is characterised by high durations of SB combined with high work demands. While previous studies have shown that fitter office workers outperform their less fit colleagues in cognitive tests, the importance of PA and SB remains unknown. This study investigated associations between objectively measured PA and SB, using hip-worn accelerometers, and cognitive functions in 334 office workers. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was not associated with any cognitive outcome. However, time spent in SB tended to be positively associated with words recalled in free recall (β = 0.125). For the least fit participants, the average length of MVPA bouts was favourably related to Stroop performance (β = -0.211), while for the fitter individuals, a longer average length of MVPA bouts was related to worse recognition (β = -0.216). While our findings indicate that the length of MVPA bouts was associated with better Stroop performance in the least fit participants, our findings do not support the notion that more time spent in MVPA or less time in SB is associated with better cognitive function.
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16
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Spartano NL, Demissie S, Himali JJ, Dukes KA, Murabito JM, Vasan RS, Beiser AS, Seshadri S. Accelerometer-determined physical activity and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults from two generations of the Framingham Heart Study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2019; 5:618-626. [PMID: 31660424 PMCID: PMC6807299 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity (PA) may play a role in maintenance of cognitive function in both middle and older ages and prevention of outcomes such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Cross-sectional regression analyses were performed in Framingham Heart Study Third Generation (n = 1861) and Offspring (n = 909) cohort participants assessing the association of accelerometry-measured PA with cognitive function, adjusting for age, sex, accelerometer wear time, education, occupational status/PA, and smoking status. RESULTS In each cohort, achieving just 10-21.4 min/day moderate-to-vigorous PA related to better executive function (P < .02); and just 10 min/day moderate-to-vigorous PA was associated with better verbal memory in middle-aged adults in the Third Generation cohort (P = .02). In older adults of the Offspring cohort, total PA (measured in steps/day) was associated with better executive function (P < .02). DISCUSSION PA at levels lower than the current PA Guidelines (just 10 min/day moderate-to-vigorous PA and total PA including lower intensity PA) were associated with better cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Spartano
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Weight Management, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Serkalem Demissie
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jayandra J. Himali
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Dukes
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analysis Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne M. Murabito
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of General Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexa S. Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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17
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Wanigatunga AA, Manini TM, Cook DR, Katula J, Fielding RA, Kramer AF, Verghese J, Rapp SR, Sink KM, King AC, Buford TW, Anton S, Nadkarni N, Jennings JM, Reid K, Espeland MA, Gill TM, Pahor M, Nocera JR. Community-Based Activity and Sedentary Patterns Are Associated With Cognitive Performance in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:341. [PMID: 30498440 PMCID: PMC6249499 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, considerable evidence shows that greater levels of aerobic exercise and cardiovascular fitness benefit cognitive performance. However, the degree to which free-living activity in community settings is related to cognitive performance remains unclear, particularly in older adults vulnerable to disability. Also, it is unknown whether the manner in which daily physical activity (PA) and sedentary time are accumulated throughout the day is associated with cognition. Cross-sectional associations between accelerometer-characterized PA and sedentary patterns and cognitive performance were examined in 1,274 mobility-limited older adults. Percent time spent in various bout lengths of PA (≥1, ≥2, and ≥5 min) and sedentary (≥1, ≥30, and ≥60 min) was defined as the number of minutes registered divided by total wear time × 100. Percent time was then tertiled for each bout length. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between accelerometer bout variables and separate cognitive domains that included processing speed (Digit Symbol Coding; DSC), immediate and delayed recall (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test; HVLT), information processing and selective attention (Flanker), working memory (n-back), reaction time (switch and non-switch reaction time), and a composite score that averaged results from all cognitive tests. After adjusting for demographics, behavioral factors, and morbid conditions, more time spent in PA was associated with higher DSC for all bout lengths (p < 0.03 for all). Higher PA was associated with higher HVLT and global cognition scores but only for longer bout lengths (p < 0.05 for all). The association was largely driven by participants who spent the lowest amount of time performing activity while awake (p < 0.04). An inverse linear relationship was observed between total sedentary time and DSC (p = 0.02), but not for other measures of cognition. These results suggest that, while higher PA was associated with higher cognitive performance, PA’s association with memory was sensitive to bout duration. The time, but not the manner, spent in sedentary behaviors showed a minor association with executive function. Further research is warranted to characterize longitudinal changes in daily activity and sedentary patterns as potential biophysical markers of cognitive status in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Delilah R Cook
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jeffrey Katula
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Joe Verghese
- Department of Neurology and Medicine, Albert Einstein of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Stephen R Rapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Kaycee M Sink
- Department of Internal Medicine (Gerontology/Geriatrics), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Abby C King
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Thomas W Buford
- School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Steve Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Neelesh Nadkarni
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Janine M Jennings
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Kieran Reid
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Thomas M Gill
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Marco Pahor
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Joe R Nocera
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Division of Physical Therapy, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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18
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Vasquez G, Salinas J, Molokwu J, Shokar G, Flores-Luevano S, Alomari A, Shokar NK. Physical Activity in Older Mexican Americans Living in Two Cities on the U.S.-Mexico Border. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091820. [PMID: 30142906 PMCID: PMC6163189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information on physical activity in marginalized older populations like that on the U.S.-Mexico border. This study aims to understand physical activity engagement among older Hispanics residing in two U.S.-Mexico Border counties. METHODS The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure physical activity in El Paso and Cameron County, Texas. Physical activity levels were reported for vigorous, moderate, and walking met/mins. Adjusted and unadjusted modeling was conducted to determine county differences and sociodemographic covariates. RESULTS There were 784 participants and 92.9% were less than 65 years of age. El Paso participants reported a significantly greater natural log met/mins of vigorous (β = 1.34, p = 0.000) and walking (β = 0.331, p = 0.006). Significant sociodemographic covariates in El Paso for vigorous met/mins were gender (females β = -1.20, p = 0.003), having a regular doctor (β = -0.779, p = 0.029), and acculturation (β = 0.513, p = 0.019). Significant associations in Cameron County were having a regular doctor (β = -1.03, p = 0.000) and fair/poor health status (β = -0.475, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Level of physical activity may differ in older Hispanics by urban context on the U.S.-Mexico border. Future physical activity programs to promote physical activity should take context into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Vasquez
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
| | - Jennifer Salinas
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
| | - Jennifer Molokwu
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
| | - Gurjeet Shokar
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
| | | | - Adam Alomari
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
| | - Navkiran K Shokar
- Department of Family Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA.
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19
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Tarraf W, Criqui MH, Allison MA, Wright CB, Fornage M, Daviglus M, Kaplan RC, Davis S, Conceicao AS, González HM. Ankle brachial index and cognitive function among Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Atherosclerosis 2018; 271:61-69. [PMID: 29459267 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The Ankle-Brachial index (ABI) is a well-accepted measure of peripheral artery disease (arterial stenosis and stiffness) and has been shown to be associated with cognitive function and disorders; however, these associations have not been examined in Hispanics/Latinos. Therefore, we sought to examine relationships between ABI and cognitive function among diverse middle-age and older Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS We used cross-sectional data on n = 7991 participants aged 45-74 years, without stroke or coronary heart disease, from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Our primary outcome, global cognition (GC), was a continuous composite score of four cognitive domains (verbal learning and memory, verbal fluency, executive function, and mental status). Secondary outcomes were the individual tests representing these domains. The ABI was analyzed continuously and categorically with standard clinical cut-points. We tested associations using generalized survey regression models incrementally adjusting for confounding factors. Age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia moderations were examined through interactions with the primary exposure. RESULTS In age, sex, and education adjusted models, continuous ABI had an inverse u-shape association with worse GC. We found similar associations with measures of verbal learning and memory, verbal fluency, executive function, but not with low mental status. The associations were attenuated, but not completely explained, by accounting for the confounders and not modified by age, sex, education, and vascular disease risks. CONCLUSIONS In addition to being a robust indicator of arterial compromise, our study suggests that abnormal ABI readings may also be useful for early signaling of subtle cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Health Care Sciences, Wayne State University, 87 East Ferry St., 240 Knapp Building, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael H Criqui
- Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0607, SCRB 352, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0607, USA
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0965, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0607, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard Suite 3309, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9531, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1825 Pressler Street, Building SRB-530G, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Illinois-Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, 1819 W. Polk Street, MC 764, Suite 246, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Belfer Building Room 1306C, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Sonia Davis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 East Franklin St, Suite 203, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Alan S Conceicao
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Hector M González
- UC San Diego, Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0949, USA.
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Aguiñaga S, Marquez DX. Impact of Latin Dance on Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latinos Attending an Adult Day Center. J Aging Health 2017; 31:397-414. [DOI: 10.1177/0898264317733206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a Latin dance program with sedentary behavior information would have an impact on physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and sedentary behavior among older Latinos attending an adult day center (ADC). Method: Participants ( N = 21, 75.4 ± 6.3 years old, Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score = 22.4 ± 2.8) were randomized into a dance or wait-list control group. Participants wore an accelerometer and inclinometer and completed a sedentary behavior questionnaire, and a nonexercise equation was used to calculate CRF. Results: Findings indicate small to medium effect sizes in the desired direction during midpoint of the intervention for physical activity, sedentary behavior–related outcomes, CRF, and self-reported sedentary behavior in the dance group; however; dance participants did not maintain that trajectory for the remaining 2 months of the intervention. Discussion: Future studies may consider implementing behavioral strategies during midpoint of the intervention to encourage participants attending an ADC to maintain physical activity and sedentary behavior changes.
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