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Kataoka H. In-tube solid-phase microextraction: Current trends and future perspectives. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1636:461787. [PMID: 33359971 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) was developed about 24 years ago as an effective sample preparation technique using an open tubular capillary column as an extraction device. IT-SPME is useful for micro-concentration, automated sample cleanup, and rapid online analysis, and can be used to determine the analytes in complex matrices simple sample processing methods such as direct sample injection or filtration. IT-SPME is usually performed in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography using an online column switching technology, in which the entire process from sample preparation to separation to data analysis is automated using the autosampler. Furthermore, IT-SPME minimizes the use of harmful organic solvents and is simple and labor-saving, making it a sustainable and environmentally friendly green analytical technique. Various operating systems and new sorbent materials have been developed to improve its extraction efficiency by, for example, enhancing its sorption capacity and selectivity. In addition, IT-SPME methods have been widely applied in environmental analysis, food analysis and bioanalysis. This review describes the present state of IT-SPME technology and summarizes its current trends and future perspectives, including method development and strategies to improve extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kataoka
- School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, Nishigawara, Okayama 703-8516, Japan.
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2
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Luvonga C, Rimmer CA, Yu LL, Lee SB. Analytical Methodologies for the Determination of Organoarsenicals in Edible Marine Species: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1910-1934. [PMID: 31999115 PMCID: PMC7250003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Setting regulatory limits for arsenic in food is complicated, owing to the enormous diversity of arsenic metabolism in humans, lack of knowledge about the toxicity of these chemicals, and lack of accurate arsenic speciation data on foodstuffs. Identification and quantification of the toxic arsenic compounds are imperative to understanding the risk associated with exposure to arsenic from dietary intake, which, in turn, underscores the need for speciation analysis of the food. Arsenic speciation in seafood is challenging, owing to its existence in myriads of chemical forms and oxidation states. Interconversions occurring between chemical forms, matrix complexity, lack of standards and certified reference materials, and lack of widely accepted measurement protocols present additional challenges. This review covers the current analytical techniques for diverse arsenic species. The requirement for high-quality arsenic speciation data that is essential for establishing legislation and setting regulatory limits for arsenic in food is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Luvonga
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Catherine A Rimmer
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Lee L Yu
- Analytical Chemistry Division , National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) , 100 Bureau Drive , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
| | - Sang Bok Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
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3
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Yu H, Yuan M, Cao H, Ye T, Yu J, Xu F. A computational investigation of the interaction between As3+ and deoxynucleotides. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1587761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Yu
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Yuan
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Cao
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tai Ye
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Yu
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xu
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Werner J, Grześkowiak T, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Stanisz E. Recent trends in microextraction techniques used in determination of arsenic species. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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5
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Jia X, Gong D, Wang J, Huang F, Duan T, Zhang X. Arsenic speciation in environmental waters by a new specific phosphine modified polymer microsphere preconcentration and HPLC–ICP-MS determination. Talanta 2016; 160:437-443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Facile and efficient poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers-in-tube for online solid-phase microextraction towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4871-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Electrochemically controlled in-tube solid phase microextraction. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 853:335-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Ahmadi SH, Manbohi A, Heydar KT. Electrochemically controlled in-tube solid phase microextraction of naproxen from urine samples using an experimental design. Analyst 2015; 140:497-505. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01664e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemically controlled in-tube SPME approach, which increased the sensitivity and decreased the extraction time, was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Manbohi
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran
- Tehran
- Iran
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9
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Ahmadi SH, Manbohi A. Different morphologies of polypyrrole produced by flow-through and batch electropolymerizations: application in electrochemically controlled in-tube solid phase microextraction. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13669a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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10
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Application of copolymer coated frits for solid-phase extraction of poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 836:45-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Graphene oxide–silica composite coating hollow fiber solid phase microextraction online coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the determination of trace heavy metals in environmental water samples. Talanta 2014; 123:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Rahimi M, Noroozian E. Frits coated with nano-structured conducting copolymer for solid-phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples and liquid chromatographic analysis. Talanta 2014; 123:224-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Ruppert L, Lin ZQ, Dixon RP, Johnson KA. Assessment of solid phase microfiber extraction fibers for the monitoring of volatile organoarsinicals emitted from a plant-soil system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 262:1230-1236. [PMID: 22947180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation, the use of plants and microbes to clean up inorganic and organic pollutants, has shown great promise as an inexpensive and feasible form of remediation. More recently, studies have shown that some plants have an amazing capacity to volatilize contaminants and can be an effective remediation strategy if the chemicals released are non-toxic. Arsenic contamination and remediation has drawn great attention in the scientific community. However, its toxicity also varies depending on its form. We evaluated, optimized, and then utilized a solid phase microfiber extraction (SPME) head space sampling technique to characterize the organoarsinical emissions from rabbitfoot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis) in arsenic treated soils to determine if the potentially more toxic organic forms of arsenic (AsH3, AsH2CH3, AsH(CH3)2, and As(CH3)3) were being emitted from the plant-soil system. The SPME fiber that proved best fitted for this application was the DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber with a 45 min sampling period. We did detect and confirm the emissions of dimethylchloroarsine (AsCl(CH3)2) and pentamethylarsine (As(CH3)5). However, it was determined that the more toxic organic forms of arsenic were not released during phytovolatilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ruppert
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Campus Box 1652, Edwardsville, IL, 62026 USA
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14
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Conductive polymer-based microextraction methods: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 767:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Spietelun A, Kloskowski A, Chrzanowski W, Namieśnik J. Understanding solid-phase microextraction: key factors influencing the extraction process and trends in improving the technique. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1667-85. [PMID: 23273266 DOI: 10.1021/cr300148j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Spietelun
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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Zielińska K, van Leeuwen HP, Thibault S, Town RM. Speciation analysis of aqueous nanoparticulate diclofenac complexes by solid-phase microextraction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:14672-14680. [PMID: 22989313 DOI: 10.1021/la303143w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic sorption of an organic compound by nanoparticles (NPs) is analyzed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the example case of the pharmaceutical diclofenac in dispersions of impermeable (silica, SiO(2)) and permeable (bovine serum albumin, BSA) NPs. It is shown that only the protonated neutral form of diclofenac is accumulated in the solid phase, and hence this species governs the eventual partition equilibrium. On the other hand, the rate of the solid/water partition equilibration is enhanced in the presence of the sorbing nanoparticles of SiO(2) and BSA. This feature demonstrates that the NPs themselves do not enter the solid phase to any appreciable extent. The enhanced rate of attainment of equilibrium is due to a shuttle-type of contribution from the NP-species to the diffusive supply of diclofenac to the water/solid interface. For both types of nanoparticulate complexes, the rate constant for desorption (k(des)) of bound diclofenac was derived from the measured thermodynamic affinity constant and a diffusion-limited rate of adsorption. The computed k(des) values were found to be sufficiently high to render the NP-bound species labile on the effective time scale of SPME. In agreement with theoretical prediction, the experimental results are quantitatively described by fully labile behavior of the diclofenac/nanoparticle system and an ensuing accumulation rate controlled by the coupled diffusion of neutral, deprotonated, and NP-bound diclofenac species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zielińska
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Colloid Science, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 6, 6703 HB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Li X, Wang Y, Yang X, Chen J, Fu H, Cheng T, Wang Y. Conducting polymers in environmental analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Chen B, Hu B, He M, Mao X, Zu W. Synthesis of mixed coating with multi-functional groups for in-tube hollow fiber solid phase microextraction–high performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry speciation of arsenic in human urine. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1227:19-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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19
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Mehdinia A, Bashour F, Roohi F, Jabbari A. A strategy to enhance the thermal stability of a nanostructured polypyrrole-based coating for solid phase microextraction. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Tsoi YK, Ho YM, Leung KSY. Selective recognition of arsenic by tailoring ion-imprinted polymer for ICP-MS quantification. Talanta 2012; 89:162-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Zheng F, Hu B. Thermo-responsive polymer coated fiber-in-tube capillary microextraction and its application to on-line determination of Co, Ni and Cd by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Talanta 2011; 85:1166-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Wang WX, Yang TJ, Li ZG, Jong TT, Lee MR. A novel method of ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of trace organoarsenic compounds in edible oil. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 690:221-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Meng J, Bu J, Deng C, Zhang X. Preparation of polypyrrole-coated magnetic particles for micro solid-phase extraction of phthalates in water by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1585-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mao X, Chen B, Huang C, He M, Hu B. Titania immobilized polypropylene hollow fiber as a disposable coating for stir bar sorptive extraction–high performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry speciation of arsenic in chicken tissues. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ahmed Baig J, Gul Kazi T, Qadir Shah A, Abbas Kandhro G, Imran Afridi H, Balal Arain M, Khan Jamali M, Jalbani N. Speciation and evaluation of Arsenic in surface water and groundwater samples: a multivariate case study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:914-923. [PMID: 20363500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 01/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The principal object of the current study was to estimate total arsenic and its inorganic speciation in different origins of surface water (n=480) and groundwater (n=240) of Sindh, Pakistan. This study provided a description based on the evaluation of physico-chemical parameters of collected water samples and possible distribution of As with respect to its speciation. The concentration of total inorganic As (iAs) and its species (As(3+) and As(5+)) for the surface and underground water was reported in terms of basic statistical parameters, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, metal-to-metal correlations and linear regression analyses. The chemical correlations were observed by PCA, which were used to classify the samples by CA, based on the PCA scores. Standard addition method confirmed the accuracy; the recoveries of As(3+) and iAs were found to be >98%. The concentration of As(5+) in the water samples was calculated by the difference of the total inorganic arsenic and As(3+). The results revealed that the groundwater of the understudied area was more contaminated as compared to the surface water samples. The mean concentration of As(3+) and As(5+) in the surface water and groundwater samples were in the range 3.0 to 18.3 and 8.74-352 microg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Ahmed Baig
- Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
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26
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3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane coated capillary micro-extraction coupled to capillary electrophoresis for the determination of methylmercury, phenylmercury and mercury in biological sample. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Zheng F, Hu B. Dual-column capillary microextraction (CME) combined with electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) for the speciation of arsenic in human hair extracts. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:205-214. [PMID: 19950110 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, dual-column capillary microextraction (CME) system consisting of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AAPTS)-silica coated capillary (C1) and 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS)-silica coated capillary (C2) was developed for sequential separation/preconcentration of arsenite [As(III)], arsenate [As(V)], monomethylarsonic acid [MMA(V)] and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA(V)] in the extracts of human hair followed by electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) detection with iridium as permanent modifier. Various experimental parameters affecting the dual-column microextraction of different As species had been investigated in detail. It was found that at pH 9, As(V) and MMA could be quantitatively retained by C1 and only As(III) could be quantitatively retained by C2. With the aid of valve switching, As(V)/MMA(V) retained on C1 and As(III) retained on C2 could be sequentially desorbed by 10 microl of 0.01 mol l(-1) HNO(3) [for As(V)], 0.1 mol l(-1) HNO(3) [for MMA(V)] and 0.2 mol l(-1) HNO(3)-3% thiourea (m/v) [for As(III)], respectively, the eluents were immediately introduced into the Ir-coated graphite tubes for further ETV-ICP-MS detection. With two-step ETV pyrolysis program, Cl(-) in the sample matrix could be in situ removed, and the total As in the human hair extracts or digested solution could be interference-free, determined by ETV-ICP-MS. DMA(V) in the human hair extracts was obtained by subtraction of total As in the human hair extracts from other three As species. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits (3 sigma) of the method were 3.9 pg ml(-1) for As(III), 2.7 pg ml(-1) for As(V), 2.6 pg ml(-1) for MMA(V) and 124 pg ml(-1) for total As with the relative standard deviations less than 7.0% (C = 0.1 ng ml(-1), n = 7), and the enrichment factor was 286, 262 and 260 for As(III), As(V) and MMA(V), respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for the speciation of arsenic in the extracts of human hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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28
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Determination of fluoxetine and norfluoxetine enantiomers in human plasma by polypyrrole-coated capillary in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8590-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Kataoka H, Ishizaki A, Nonaka Y, Saito K. Developments and applications of capillary microextraction techniques: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 655:8-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 09/19/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Post-derivatization procedure for determination of hippuric acid after extraction by an automated micro solid phase extraction system and monitoring by gas chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2945-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Capillary microextraction (CME) and its application to trace elements analysis and their speciation. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 650:23-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Li X, Zhong M, Chen J. Electrodeposited polyaniline as a fiber coating for solid-phase microextraction of organochlorine pesticides from water. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2839-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Wang Y, Li Y, Feng J, Sun C. Polyaniline-based fiber for headspace solid-phase microextraction of substituted benzenes determination in aqueous samples. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 619:202-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ahmadi F, Shahsavari AA, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M. Automated extraction and preconcentration of multiresidue of pesticides on a micro-solid-phase extraction system based on polypyrrole as sorbent and off-line monitoring by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1193:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Cháfer-Pericás C, Campíns-Falcó P, Prieto-Blanco M. Automatic in-tube SPME and fast liquid chromatography: A cost-effective method for the estimation of dibuthyl and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalates in environmental water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 610:268-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2007] [Revised: 01/02/2008] [Accepted: 01/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Hu W, Zheng F, Hu B. Simultaneous separation and speciation of inorganic As(III)/As(V) and Cr(III)/Cr(VI) in natural waters utilizing capillary microextraction on ordered mesoporous Al2O3 prior to their on-line determination by ICP-MS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 151:58-64. [PMID: 17597291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2006] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a system of flow injection (FI) capillary microextraction (CME) on line coupled with inductively plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was proposed for simultaneous separation and speciation of inorganic As(III)/As(V) and Cr(III)/Cr(VI) in natural waters. Ordered mesoporous Al2O3 coating was prepared by sol-gel technology and used as CME coating material. Various experimental parameters affecting the capillary microextraction of inorganic arsenic and chromium species have been investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.7 and 18 ng L(-1) for As(V) and Cr(VI), 3.4 and 74 ng L(-1) for As(III) and Cr(III), respectively, with an enrichment factor of 5 and a sampling frequency of 8h(-1). The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) were 3.1, 4.0, 2.8 and 3.9% (C=1 ng mL(-1), n=7) for As(V), As(III), Cr(VI) and Cr(III), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of inorganic arsenic and chromium species in mineral water, tap water and lake water with the recovery of 94-105%. In order to verify the accuracy of the method, two certified reference of GSBZ50027-94 and GSBZ50004-88 water samples were analyzed and the results obtained were in good agreement with the certified values. The ordered mesoporous Al2O3 coated capillary showed an excellent solvent and thermal stability and could be re-used for more than 30 times without decreasing extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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37
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Zheng F, Hu B. Preparation of a high pH-resistant AAPTS-silica coating and its application to capillary microextraction (CME) of Cu, Zn, Ni, Hg and Cd from biological samples followed by on-line ICP-MS detection. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 605:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2007] [Revised: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Dietz C, Sanz J, Sanz E, Muñoz-Olivas R, Cámara C. Current perspectives in analyte extraction strategies for tin and arsenic speciation. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:114-29. [PMID: 17157305 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Revised: 11/16/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, reliable and robust detectors can be considered standard laboratory instrumentation, which, for most of the elements provide quantitation limits in the lower ng/g range. Despite these advances in detector technology, sample preparation is by far the most important error source in modern analytical method development and can be judged as the "Achilles' heel" of any analytical process regarding reliability of the obtained results and time consumption. The aim of the present review is to highlight modern trends for tin and arsenic speciation, as these analytes can be considered as models for challenges in modern method development in this field. First background information, legislative aspects and current needs are elucidated. Then the role of sample treatment within the process of method development in speciation is discussed, followed by a presentation of modern extraction techniques, matching the requirements for arsenic and tin speciation analysis: to provide mild conditions in order to ensure species preservation, to improve species recovery, to enhance sample throughput and to be suitable for hyphenation with chromatographic separation systems. The review includes applications on tin and arsenic speciation, covering the period of 2001-2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dietz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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39
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40
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Ninh TD, Nagashima Y, Shiomi K. Quantification of seven arsenic compounds in seafood products by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 23:1299-307. [PMID: 17118873 DOI: 10.1080/02652030600815355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) method was developed to quantify seven arsenic compounds: arsenate (As(V)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenobetaine (AB), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO), arsenocholine (AC) and tetramethylarsonium ion (TEMA), widely found in seafood. The arsenicals separated by anion- or cation-exchange LC were all readily identified under the optimized ESI-MS conditions. Linear calibration curves constructed by plotting the peak area counts of molecular ions against the arsenic concentrations were obtained for all seven arsenic compounds. The limits of quantification (S/N = 10) were 800, 600, 50, 10, 5, 5 and 5 ng ml-1 for As(V), MMA, DMA, AB, TMAO, AC and TEMA, respectively. The LC/ESI-MS method was found to be useful to quantify arsenic compounds in seafood by model experiments using the mid-gut gland and muscle of a shellfish (Buccinid whelks). Spiking experiments verified the accuracy of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Ninh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan-4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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41
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Hu W, Hu B, Jiang Z. On-line preconcentration and separation of Co, Ni and Cd via capillary microextraction on ordered mesoporous alumina coating and determination by inductively plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Anal Chim Acta 2006; 572:55-62. [PMID: 17723461 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2005] [Revised: 04/27/2006] [Accepted: 05/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, an ordered mesoporous alumina coating was prepared and applied to capillary microextraction (CME) of trace Co, Ni and Cd for the first time. The coated capillary was used for on-line coupling CME with inductively plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the determination of trace metals of Co, Ni and Cd. The porous structure of Al2O3 coating was examined by SEM and TEM. The effects of the extraction parameters including pH, sample flow rate and volume, elution solution and interfering ions on the recovery of analytes have been investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.33, 1.5 and 1.4 ng L(-1) for Co, Ni and Cd, respectively, with a preconcentration factor of 10 times. The precisions for all investigated elements were 2.7, 4.1 and 2.5% (c=0.05 ng L(-1), n=7), for Co, Ni and Cd, respectively, and the sample frequency was 8 h(-1). The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of trace metals in water, rice and urine samples with the recovery of 94-105%. In order to validate the proposed method, two certified reference materials of GBW 0913 human urine and NIES No.10-b rice flour were analyzed, and the determination values are in good agreement with the certified values. The ordered mesoporous Al2O3 coated capillary can be used more than 20 times without decreasing the extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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42
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Quintana JB, Rodríguez I. Strategies for the microextraction of polar organic contaminants in water samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 384:1447-61. [PMID: 16496135 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-0242-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Revised: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper the most recent developments in the microextraction of polar analytes from aqueous environmental samples are critically reviewed. The particularities of different microextraction approaches, mainly solid-phase microextraction (SPME), stir-bar-sorptive extraction (SBSE), and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME), and their suitability for use in combination with chromatographic or electrically driven separation techniques for determination of polar species are discussed. The compatibility of microextraction techniques, especially SPME, with different derivatisation strategies enabling GC determination of polar analytes and improving their extractability is revised. In addition to the use of derivatisation reactions, the possibility of enhancing the yield of solid-phase microextraction methods for polar analytes by using new coatings and/or larger amounts of sorbent is also considered. Finally, attention is also focussed on describing the versatility of LPME in its different possible formats and its ability to improve selectivity in the extraction of polar analytes with acid-base properties by using separation membranes and buffer solutions, instead of organic solvents, as the acceptor solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Benito Quintana
- Department of Water Quality Control, Technical University of Berlin, Sekr KF 4, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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43
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Sanz E, Muñoz-Olivas R, Cámara C. Evaluation of a focused sonication probe for arsenic speciation in environmental and biological samples. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1097:1-8. [PMID: 16298179 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Revised: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic speciation analysis suffers in general from high sample handling time required by sample preparation. In a previous work, ultrasonic probe has been proved to reduce sample treatment time for arsenic extraction in rice to only a few minutes. Base upon the obtained results, here several extraction media for chicken, fish and soil samples (SEAS G6RD-CT2001-00473) have been studied and evaluated employing the same technique. Chicken sample needed an enzymatic treatment in order to liberate the species linked to the protein matrix. Extraction of the major species in fish, AsB, was quantitatively achieved in water in 1 min. Also 1 min was enough to leach about 85% of species present in soils and sediments, mainly the inorganic ones, using H(3)PO(4). In all cases, no inter-conversion among As species was observed. The five species found in those samples were separated using an improved HPLC-ICP-MS method in only 11 min, with detection limits at the ng l(-1) level. The proposed methods were validated by analysing several Certified Reference Materials: SRM 1,568 a rice flour, CRM-627 tuna fish tissue, SOIL-7 soil and MURST-ISS-A1 Antarctic sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sanz
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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B'Hymer C, Caruso JA. Arsenic and its speciation analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1045:1-13. [PMID: 15378873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is known that arsenic has different toxicological properties dependent upon both its oxidation state for inorganic compounds, as well as the different toxicity levels exhibited for organic arsenic compounds. The field of arsenic speciation analysis has grown rapidly in recent years, especially with the utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), a highly sensitive and robust detector system. Complete characterization of arsenic compounds is necessary to understand intake, accumulation, transport, storage, detoxification and activation of this element in the natural environment and living systems. This review describes the essential background and toxicity of arsenic in the environment, and more importantly, some currently used chromatographic applications and sample handling procedures necessary to accurately detect and quantify arsenic in its various chemical forms. Applications and work using only HPLC-ICP-MS for arsenic speciation of environmental and biological samples are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B'Hymer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
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45
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Yu JCC, Lai EPC. Polypyrrole modified stainless steel frits for on-line micro solid phase extraction of ochratoxin A. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 381:948-52. [PMID: 15657701 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2004] [Revised: 11/14/2004] [Accepted: 11/22/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polypyrrole (PPy) was electrochemically synthesized on stainless steel frits as a sorbent for the micro solid phase extraction (muSPE) of ochratoxin A (OTA). Using 20 microl of standard solution under a fast flow rate of 0.5 ml/min, 80% recovery of OTA was achieved in the concentration range from 0.1-10 pg/mul. This good recovery was achieved within a short residence time of 1.2 s. A binding capacity of 1 ng OTA was estimated for each PPy-modified frit, or 2 ng OTA for two frits in series. The bound OTA could be pulsed eluted (PE) with 20 microl of 1% triethylamine in acetonitrile. On-line coupling of this PPy-on-a-frit and PE technique to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was straightforward. On-line muSPE-PE-HPLC results clearly demonstrated the capability of PPy-on-a-frit to bind OTA in the presence of red wine, beer, and orange juice components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorn C C Yu
- Ottawa-Carleton Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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46
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Fan Y, Feng YQ, Da SL, Wang ZH. In-tube solid phase microextraction using a β-cyclodextrin coated capillary coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine samples. Talanta 2005; 65:111-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2004.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2004] [Revised: 04/30/2004] [Accepted: 05/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Bagheri H, Salemi A. Coupling of a Modified In-Tube Solid Phase Microextraction Technique with High Perfor- mance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection for the Ultra-Trace Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water Samples. Chromatographia 2004. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-004-0226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Francesconi KA, Kuehnelt D. Determination of arsenic species: A critical review of methods and applications, 2000–2003. Analyst 2004; 129:373-95. [PMID: 15116227 DOI: 10.1039/b401321m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We review recent research in the field of arsenic speciation analysis with the emphasis on significant advances, novel applications and current uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Francesconi
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
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49
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Abstract
Miniaturized sample preparation methods designed as the sample pretreatment for liquid phase separations, such as liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography, have been reviewed especially for the on-line coupling of the sample preparation process and the separation process. The development of the desorption interfaces for the effective combining of the sample preparation and subsequent liquid phase separations is briefly described along with the applications of the combined analytical systems to the analysis of complex sample mixtures such as biological and environmental matrices. Novel use of fine polymeric filaments as the extraction medium for microscale liquid phase separation methods are investigated and a comparison is made with other sample preparation techniques. Polymer coating onto the fibrous material is also introduced to further develop microscale sample preparation methods with improved extraction performance. Several other microscale sample preparation methods having a potential compatibility to the liquid phase separations are also described for future applications of these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Saito
- School of Materials Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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50
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Reemtsma T. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and strategies for trace-level analysis of polar organic pollutants. J Chromatogr A 2003; 1000:477-501. [PMID: 12877185 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure ionization (LC-API-MS) has drastically changed the analytical methods used to detect polar pollutants in water. The present status of application of this technique to organic water constituents is reviewed. The selection of the appropriate LC conditions, whether reversed-phase liquid chromatography, ion-pair chromatography, capillary electrophoresis or ion chromatography, and of the most sensitive ionization mode, electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), depends upon the polarity and acidity of the analytes. Strongly acidic compounds such as aromatic sulfonates, sulfonated dyes, haloacetic acids, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, aliphatic sulfonates and sulfates and complexing agents, weakly acidic compounds such as carboxylates and phenols, neutral compound classes, namely alkylphenol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the basic toxins, quaternary ammonium compounds and organometallic compounds are considered. The selection of the mass spectrometer depends upon the analytical task: triple-quadrupole mass spectrometers are highly suited for sensitive quantitation and for qualitative analyses, ion traps are especially suited for structure elucidation, whereas time-of-flight mass spectrometers and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometers with their higher mass resolution are ideal for the determination of molecular formulas of unknown compounds and for screening purposes. While large steps have already been made, future efforts with respect to water analysis may be directed at fine-tuning the methodical arsenal for increased sensitivity and selectivity and to extend LC-MS application to transformation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Reemtsma
- Department of Water Quality Control, Technical University of Berlin, Sekr KF 4, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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