1
|
Fatima S, Olshansky L. Conformational control over proton-coupled electron transfer in metalloenzymes. Nat Rev Chem 2024:10.1038/s41570-024-00646-7. [PMID: 39223400 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00646-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
From the reduction of dinitrogen to the oxidation of water, the chemical transformations catalysed by metalloenzymes underlie global geochemical and biochemical cycles. These reactions represent some of the most kinetically and thermodynamically challenging processes known and require the complex choreography of the fundamental building blocks of nature, electrons and protons, to be carried out with utmost precision and accuracy. The rate-determining step of catalysis in many metalloenzymes consists of a protein structural rearrangement, suggesting that nature has evolved to leverage macroscopic changes in protein molecular structure to control subatomic changes in metallocofactor electronic structure. The proton-coupled electron transfer mechanisms operative in nitrogenase, photosystem II and ribonucleotide reductase exemplify this interplay between molecular and electronic structural control. We present the culmination of decades of study on each of these systems and clarify what is known regarding the interplay between structural changes and functional outcomes in these metalloenzyme linchpins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Materials Research Laboratory, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bedendi G, De Moura Torquato LD, Webb S, Cadoux C, Kulkarni A, Sahin S, Maroni P, Milton RD, Grattieri M. Enzymatic and Microbial Electrochemistry: Approaches and Methods. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:517-541. [PMID: 36573075 PMCID: PMC9783092 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of enzymes and/or intact bacteria with electrodes has been vastly investigated due to the wide range of existing applications. These span from biomedical and biosensing to energy production purposes and bioelectrosynthesis, whether for theoretical research or pure applied industrial processes. Both enzymes and bacteria offer a potential biotechnological alternative to noble/rare metal-dependent catalytic processes. However, when developing these biohybrid electrochemical systems, it is of the utmost importance to investigate how the approaches utilized to couple biocatalysts and electrodes influence the resulting bioelectrocatalytic response. Accordingly, this tutorial review starts by recalling some basic principles and applications of bioelectrochemistry, presenting the electrode and/or biocatalyst modifications that facilitate the interaction between the biotic and abiotic components of bioelectrochemical systems. Focus is then directed toward the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of enzyme/bacteria-electrode interaction and the insights that they provide. The basic concepts of electrochemical methods widely employed in enzymatic and microbial electrochemistry, such as amperometry and voltammetry, are initially presented to later focus on various complementary methods such as spectroelectrochemistry, fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy, and surface analytical/characterization techniques such as quartz crystal microbalance and atomic force microscopy. The tutorial review is thus aimed at students and graduate students approaching the field of enzymatic and microbial electrochemistry, while also providing a critical and up-to-date reference for senior researchers working in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bedendi
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Webb
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Cadoux
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Amogh Kulkarni
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Selmihan Sahin
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Plinio Maroni
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Ross D. Milton
- Department
of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
- National
Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
- IPCF-CNR
Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via E. Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Badiani VM, Casadevall C, Miller M, Cobb SJ, Manuel RR, Pereira IAC, Reisner E. Engineering Electro- and Photocatalytic Carbon Materials for CO 2 Reduction by Formate Dehydrogenase. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14207-14216. [PMID: 35900819 PMCID: PMC9376922 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Semiartificial approaches to renewable fuel synthesis exploit the integration of enzymes with synthetic materials for kinetically efficient fuel production. Here, a CO2 reductase, formate dehydrogenase (FDH) from Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, is interfaced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and amorphous carbon dots (a-CDs). Each carbon substrate, tailored for electro- and photocatalysis, is functionalized with positive (-NHMe2+) and negative (-COO-) chemical surface groups to understand and optimize the electrostatic effect of protein association and orientation on CO2 reduction. Immobilization of FDH on positively charged CNT electrodes results in efficient and reversible electrochemical CO2 reduction via direct electron transfer with >90% Faradaic efficiency and -250 μA cm-2 at -0.6 V vs SHE (pH 6.7 and 25 °C) for formate production. In contrast, negatively charged CNTs only result in marginal currents with immobilized FDH. Quartz crystal microbalance analysis and attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy confirm the high binding affinity of active FDH to CNTs. FDH has subsequently been coupled to a-CDs, where the benefits of the positive charge (-NHMe2+-terminated a-CDs) were translated to a functional CD-FDH hybrid photocatalyst. High rates of photocatalytic CO2 reduction (turnover frequency: 3.5 × 103 h-1; AM 1.5G) with dl-dithiothreitol as the sacrificial electron donor were obtained after 6 h, providing benchmark rates for homogeneous photocatalytic CO2 reduction with metal-free light absorbers. This work provides a rational basis to understand interfacial surface/enzyme interactions at electrodes and photosensitizers to guide improvements with catalytic biohybrid materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek M Badiani
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K.,Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, U.K
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Melanie Miller
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Samuel J Cobb
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Rita R Manuel
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Inês A C Pereira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Murgida DH. In Situ Spectroelectrochemical Investigations of Electrode-Confined Electron-Transferring Proteins and Redox Enzymes. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3435-3446. [PMID: 33585730 PMCID: PMC7876673 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This perspective analyzes recent advances in the spectroelectrochemical investigation of redox proteins and enzymes immobilized on biocompatible or biomimetic electrode surfaces. Specifically, the article highlights new insights obtained by surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR), surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA), protein film infrared electrochemistry (PFIRE), polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PMIRRAS), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DMES)-based spectroelectrochemical methods on the structure, orientation, dynamics, and reaction mechanisms for a variety of immobilized species. This includes small heme and copper electron shuttling proteins, large respiratory complexes, hydrogenases, multicopper oxidases, alcohol dehydrogenases, endonucleases, NO-reductases, and dye decolorizing peroxidases, among other enzymes. Finally, I discuss the challenges and foreseeable future developments toward a better understanding of the functioning of these complex macromolecules and their exploitation in technological devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Murgida
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química-Física,
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos
Aires 1428, Argentina
- Instituto
de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente
y Energía (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fraggedakis D, McEldrew M, Smith RB, Krishnan Y, Zhang Y, Bai P, Chueh WC, Shao-Horn Y, Bazant MZ. Theory of coupled ion-electron transfer kinetics. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V. Matyushov
- Department of Physics and School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 871504, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gonzalez J, Martinez-Ortiz F, Torralba E, Molina A. Kinetic Influence of Surface Charge Transfer Reactions Preceded by Non-Electrochemical Processes on the Response in Cyclic Voltammetry. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201801275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin Gonzalez
- Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Química Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Francisco Martinez-Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Química Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | | | - Angela Molina
- Departamento de Química Física Facultad de Química Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; Universidad de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Monteiro T, Almeida MG. Electrochemical Enzyme Biosensors Revisited: Old Solutions for New Problems. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 49:44-66. [PMID: 29757683 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1461552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide legislation is driving the development of novel and highly efficient analytical tools for assessing the composition of every material that interacts with Consumers or Nature. The biosensor technology is one of the most active R&D domains of Analytical Sciences focused on the challenge of taking analytical chemistry to the field. Electrochemical biosensors based on redox enzymes, in particular, are highly appealing due to their usual quick response, high selectivity and sensitivity, low cost and portable dimensions. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the most important advances made in the field since the proposal of the first biosensor, the well-known hand-held glucose meter. The first section addresses the current needs and challenges for novel analytical tools, followed by a brief description of the different components and configurations of biosensing devices, and the fundamentals of enzyme kinetics and amperometry. The following sections emphasize on enzyme-based amperometric biosensors and the different stages of their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Monteiro
- a UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa , Caparica , Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Mano
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
- University of Bordeaux, CRPP, UPR 8641, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Anne de Poulpiquet
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, BIP, 31, chemin Aiguier, 13402 Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Friebe VM, Millo D, Swainsbury DJK, Jones MR, Frese RN. Cytochrome c Provides an Electron-Funneling Antenna for Efficient Photocurrent Generation in a Reaction Center Biophotocathode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:23379-23388. [PMID: 28635267 PMCID: PMC5520101 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The high quantum efficiency of photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) makes them attractive for bioelectronic and biophotovoltaic applications. However, much of the native RC efficiency is lost in communication between surface-bound RCs and electrode materials. The state-of-the-art biophotoelectrodes utilizing cytochrome c (cyt c) as a biological wiring agent have at best approached 32% retained RC quantum efficiency. However, bottlenecks in cyt c-mediated electron transfer have not yet been fully elucidated. In this work, protein film voltammetry in conjunction with photoelectrochemistry is used to show that cyt c acts as an electron-funneling antennae that shuttle electrons from a functionalized rough silver electrode to surface-immobilized RCs. The arrangement of the two proteins on the electrode surface is characterized, revealing that RCs attached directly to the electrode via hydrophobic interactions and that a film of six cyt c per RC electrostatically bound to the electrode. We show that the additional electrical connectivity within a film of cyt c improves the high turnover demands of surface-bound RCs. This results in larger photocurrent onset potentials, positively shifted half-wave reduction potentials, and higher photocurrent densities reaching 100 μA cm-2. These findings are fundamental for the optimization of bioelectronics that utilize the ubiquitous cyt c redox proteins as biological wires to exploit electrode-bound enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M. Friebe
- Department of Physics
and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University
Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Millo
- Department of Physics
and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University
Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - David J. K. Swainsbury
- School
of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University
Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Michael R. Jones
- School
of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Medical Sciences Building, University
Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, U.K.
| | - Raoul N. Frese
- Department of Physics
and Astronomy, LaserLaB Amsterdam, VU University
Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stan RC, Kros A, Akkilic N, Sanghamitra NJ, Appel J. Direct wiring of the azurin redox center to gold electrodes investigated by protein film voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Kinoshita M, Kim JY, Kume S, Lin Y, Mok KH, Kataoka Y, Ishimori K, Markova N, Kurisu G, Hase T, Lee YH. Energetic basis on interactions between ferredoxin and ferredoxin NADP + reductase at varying physiological conditions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:909-915. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Álvarez-Martos I, Kartashov A, Ferapontova EE. Electron Transfer in Methylene-Blue-Labeled G3 Dendrimers Tethered to Gold. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Álvarez-Martos
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Andrey Kartashov
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Elena E. Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO); Aarhus University; Gustav Wieds Vej 14 DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Non-covalent forces tune the electron transfer complex between ferredoxin and sulfite reductase to optimize enzymatic activity. Biochem J 2016; 473:3837-3854. [PMID: 27551107 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although electrostatic interactions between negatively charged ferredoxin (Fd) and positively charged sulfite reductase (SiR) have been predominantly highlighted to characterize complex formation, the detailed nature of intermolecular forces remains to be fully elucidated. We investigated interprotein forces for the formation of an electron transfer complex between Fd and SiR and their relationship to SiR activity using various approaches over NaCl concentrations between 0 and 400 mM. Fd-dependent SiR activity assays revealed a bell-shaped activity curve with a maximum ∼40-70 mM NaCl and a reverse bell-shaped dependence of interprotein affinity. Meanwhile, intrinsic SiR activity, as measured in a methyl viologen-dependent assay, exhibited saturation above 100 mM NaCl. Thus, two assays suggested that interprotein interaction is crucial in controlling Fd-dependent SiR activity. Calorimetric analyses showed the monotonic decrease in interprotein affinity on increasing NaCl concentrations, distinguished from a reverse bell-shaped interprotein affinity observed from Fd-dependent SiR activity assay. Furthermore, Fd:SiR complex formation and interprotein affinity were thermodynamically adjusted by both enthalpy and entropy through electrostatic and non-electrostatic interactions. A residue-based NMR investigation on the addition of SiR to 15N-labeled Fd at the various NaCl concentrations also demonstrated that a combination of electrostatic and non-electrostatic forces stabilized the complex with similar interfaces and modulated the binding affinity and mode. Our findings elucidate that non-electrostatic forces are also essential for the formation and modulation of the Fd:SiR complex. We suggest that a complex configuration optimized for maximum enzymatic activity near physiological salt conditions is achieved by structural rearrangement through controlled non-covalent interprotein interactions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Hildebrandt N, Spillmann CM, Algar WR, Pons T, Stewart MH, Oh E, Susumu K, Díaz SA, Delehanty JB, Medintz IL. Energy Transfer with Semiconductor Quantum Dot Bioconjugates: A Versatile Platform for Biosensing, Energy Harvesting, and Other Developing Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:536-711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niko Hildebrandt
- NanoBioPhotonics
Institut d’Electronique Fondamentale (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, 91400 Orsay, France
| | | | - W. Russ Algar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Thomas Pons
- LPEM;
ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University; CNRS; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Eunkeu Oh
- Sotera Defense Solutions, Inc., Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Sotera Defense Solutions, Inc., Columbia, Maryland 21046, United States
| | - Sebastian A. Díaz
- American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, DC 20036, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Trashin S, de Jong M, Meynen V, Dewilde S, De Wael K. Attaching Redox Proteins onto Electrode Surfaces by using bis-Silane. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Trashin
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171 2010 Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Mats de Jong
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171 2010 Antwerpen Belgium
| | - Vera Meynen
- Laboratory of Adsorption and Catalysis (LADCA); Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Universiteitsplein 1 2610 Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- PPES Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Antwerp; Universiteitsplein 1 2610 Wilrijk Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry; University of Antwerp; Groenenborgerlaan 171 2010 Antwerpen Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kim B, An J, Fapyane D, Chang IS. Bioelectronic platforms for optimal bio-anode of bio-electrochemical systems: From nano- to macro scopes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 195:2-13. [PMID: 26122091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The current trend of bio-electrochemical systems is to improve strategies related to their applicability and potential for scaling-up. To date, literature has suggested strategies, but the proposal of correlations between each research field remains insufficient. This review paper provides a correlation based on platform techniques, referred to as bio-electronics platforms (BEPs). These BEPs consist of three platforms divided by scope scale: nano-, micro-, and macro-BEPs. In the nano-BEP, several types of electron transfer mechanisms used by electrochemically active bacteria are discussed. In the micro-BEP, factors affecting the formation of conductive biofilms and transport of electrons in the conductive biofilm are investigated. In the macro-BEP, electrodes and separators in bio-anode are debated in terms of real applications, and a scale-up strategy is discussed. Overall, the challenges of each BEP are highlighted, and potential solutions are suggested. In addition, future research directions are provided and research ideas proposed to develop research interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bongkyu Kim
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyeong An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
| | - Deby Fapyane
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - In Seop Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fapyane D, Kartashov A, von Wachenfeldt C, Ferapontova EE. Gated electron transfer reactions of truncated hemoglobin from Bacillus subtilis differently orientated on SAM-modified electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15365-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00960j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer in truncated hemoglobin depends on the SAMs it is attached to demonstrating a new type of electronic responsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deby Fapyane
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Science and Technology
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - Andrey Kartashov
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Science and Technology
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | | | - Elena E. Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Science and Technology
- Aarhus University
- DK-8000 Aarhus C
- Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
de Poulpiquet A, Ranava D, Monsalve K, Giudici-Orticoni MT, Lojou E. Biohydrogen for a New Generation of H2/O2Biofuel Cells: A Sustainable Energy Perspective. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
20
|
Olloqui-Sariego JL, Moreno-Beltrán B, Díaz-Quintana A, De la Rosa MA, Calvente JJ, Andreu R. Temperature-Driven Changeover in the Electron-Transfer Mechanism of a Thermophilic Plastocyanin. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:910-914. [PMID: 26274087 DOI: 10.1021/jz500150y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Electron-transfer kinetics of the thermophilic protein Plastocyanin from Phormidium laminosum adsorbed on 1,ω-alkanedithiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) deposited on gold have been investigated. The standard electron-transfer rate constant has been determined as a function of electrode-protein distance and solution viscosity over a broad temperature range (0-90 °C). For either thin or thick SAMs, the electron-transfer regime remains invariant with temperature, whereas for the 1,11-undecanethiol SAM of intermediate chain length, a kinetic regime changeover from a gated or friction-controlled mechanism at low temperature (0-30 °C) to a nonadiabatic mechanism above 40 °C is observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a thermal-induced transition between these two kinetic regimes is reported for a metalloprotein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Olloqui-Sariego
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor Garcı́a González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Blas Moreno-Beltrán
- ‡Instituto de Bioquı́mica Vegetal y Fotosı́ntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla y C.S.I.C, Avd. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- ‡Instituto de Bioquı́mica Vegetal y Fotosı́ntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla y C.S.I.C, Avd. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miguel A De la Rosa
- ‡Instituto de Bioquı́mica Vegetal y Fotosı́ntesis, cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla y C.S.I.C, Avd. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Calvente
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor Garcı́a González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Andreu
- †Departamento de Quı́mica Fı́sica, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Profesor Garcı́a González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kaur R, Bren KL. Redox state dependence of axial ligand dynamics in Nitrosomonas europaea cytochrome c552. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15720-8. [PMID: 23909651 DOI: 10.1021/jp4064577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of NMR spectra reveals that the heme axial Met ligand orientation and dynamics in Nitrosomonas europaea cytochrome c552 (Ne cyt c) are dependent on the heme redox state. In the oxidized state, the heme axial Met is fluxional, interconverting between two conformers related to each other by inversion through the Met δS atom. In the reduced state, there is no evidence of fluxionality, with the Met occupying one conformation similar to that seen in the homologous Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytochrome c551. Comparison of the observed and calculated pseudocontact shifts for oxidized Ne cyt c using the reduced protein structure as a reference structure reveals a redox-dependent change in the structure of the loop bearing the axial Met (loop 3). Analysis of nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs) and existing structural data provides further support for the redox state dependence of the loop 3 structure. Implications for electron transfer function are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kaur
- Center for Infectious Disease and Immunology, Research Institute, Rochester General Hospital , Rochester, New York 14621, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jett JE, Lederman D, Wollenberg LA, Li D, Flora DR, Bostick CD, Tracy TS, Gannett PM. Measurement of electron transfer through cytochrome P450 protein on nanopillars and the effect of bound substrates. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3834-40. [PMID: 23427827 PMCID: PMC3876957 DOI: 10.1021/ja309104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electron transfer in cytochrome P450 enzymes is a fundamental process for activity. It is difficult to measure electron transfer in these enzymes because under the conditions typically used they exist in a variety of states. Using nanotechnology-based techniques, gold conducting nanopillars were constructed in an indexed array. The P450 enzyme CYP2C9 was attached to each of these nanopillars, and conductivity measurements made using conducting probe atomic force microscopy under constant force conditions. The conductivity measurements were made on CYP2C9 alone and with bound substrates, a bound substrate-effector pair, and a bound inhibitor. Fitting of the data with the Poole-Frenkel model indicates a correlation between the barrier height for electron transfer and the ease of CYP2C9-mediated metabolism of the bound substrates, though the spin state of iron is not well correlated. The approach described here should have broad application to the measurement of electron transfer in P450 enzymes and other metalloenzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Jett
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
| | - David Lederman
- West Virginia University, Department of Physics, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315
| | - Lance A. Wollenberg
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
| | - Debin Li
- West Virginia University, Department of Physics, Morgantown, WV 26506-6315
| | - Darcy R. Flora
- University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN, 55455
| | | | - Timothy S. Tracy
- University of Kentucky, College of Pharmacy, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Peter M. Gannett
- West Virginia University, Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506-9530
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhou XH, Huang XR, Liu LH, Bai X, Shi HC. Direct electron transfer reaction of laccase on a glassy carbon electrode modified with 1-aminopyrene functionalized reduced graphene oxide. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42312c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
24
|
Monari S, Battistuzzi G, Bortolotti CA, Yanagisawa S, Sato K, Li C, Salard I, Kostrz D, Borsari M, Ranieri A, Dennison C, Sola M. Understanding the Mechanism of Short-Range Electron Transfer Using an Immobilized Cupredoxin. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11848-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303425b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Monari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Battistuzzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Bortolotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
- CNR-NANO Institute of Nanoscience, Via Campi 213/A, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Sachiko Yanagisawa
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Katsuko Sato
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Chan Li
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Isabelle Salard
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Dorota Kostrz
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Marco Borsari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Ranieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Christopher Dennison
- Institute for Cell and Molecular
Biosciences, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Marco Sola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183,
41125 Modena, Italy
- CNR-NANO Institute of Nanoscience, Via Campi 213/A, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Voltammetric study of the adsorbed thermophilic plastocyanin from Phormidium laminosum up to 90°C. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
26
|
Krzemiński Ł, Cronin S, Ndamba L, Canters GW, Aartsma TJ, Evans SD, Jeuken LJC. Orientational Control over Nitrite Reductase on Modified Gold Electrode and Its Effects on the Interfacial Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12607-14. [DOI: 10.1021/jp205852u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Krzemiński
- Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Samuel Cronin
- Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Lionel Ndamba
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard W. Canters
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J. Aartsma
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen D. Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Lars J. C. Jeuken
- Institute of Membrane and Systems Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ullmann RT, Ullmann GM. Coupling of Protonation, Reduction, and Conformational Change in azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Investigated with Free Energy Measures of Cooperativity. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:10346-59. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204644h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Thomas Ullmann
- Structural Biology/Bioinformatics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, BGI, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - G. Matthias Ullmann
- Structural Biology/Bioinformatics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, BGI, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sarauli D, Ludwig R, Haltrich D, Gorton L, Lisdat F. Investigation of the mediated electron transfer mechanism of cellobiose dehydrogenase at cytochrome c-modified gold electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 87:9-14. [PMID: 21849263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports on the comparison of direct and mediated electron transfer pathways in the interaction of the fungal enzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) with the redox protein cytochrome c (cyt c) immobilised at a modified gold electrode surface. Two types of CDHs were chosen for this investigation: a basidiomycete (white rot) CDH from Trametes villosa and a recently discovered ascomycete from the thermophilic fungus Corynascus thermophilus. The choice was based on the pH-dependent interaction of these enzymes with cyt c in solution containing the substrate cellobiose (CB). Both enzymes show rather similar catalytic behaviour at lower pH, dominated by a direct electron exchange with the electrode. With increasing pH, however, also cyt c-mediated electron transfer becomes possible. The pH-dependent behaviour in the presence and in the absence of cyt c is analysed and the potential reaction mechanism for the two enzymes with a different pH-behaviour is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Sarauli
- Biosystems Technology, Wildau Technical University of Applied Sciences, Wildau, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Krassen H, Stripp ST, Böhm N, Berkessel A, Happe T, Ataka K, Heberle J. Tailor-Made Modification of a Gold Surface for the Chemical Binding of a High-Activity [FeFe] Hydrogenase. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
30
|
Waldeck DH, Khoshtariya DE. Fundamental Studies of Long- and Short-Range Electron Exchange Mechanisms between Electrodes and Proteins. MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0347-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
31
|
Frasconi M, Boer H, Koivula A, Mazzei F. Electrochemical evaluation of electron transfer kinetics of high and low redox potential laccases on gold electrode surface. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
Ly HK, Marti MA, Martin DF, Alvarez-Paggi D, Meister W, Kranich A, Weidinger IM, Hildebrandt P, Murgida DH. Thermal Fluctuations Determine the Electron-Transfer Rates of Cytochrome c in Electrostatic and Covalent Complexes. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:1225-35. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
34
|
Tepper AWJW. Electrical Contacting of an Assembly of Pseudoazurin and Nitrite Reductase Using DNA-Directed Immobilization. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6550-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja101515y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Zuo X, He S, Li D, Peng C, Huang Q, Song S, Fan C. Graphene oxide-facilitated electron transfer of metalloproteins at electrode surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:1936-1939. [PMID: 19694425 DOI: 10.1021/la902496u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a particularly useful nanomaterial that has shown great promise in nanoelectronics. Because of the ultrahigh electron mobility of graphene and its unique surface properties such as one-atom thickness and irreversible protein adsorption at surfaces, graphene-based materials might serve as an ideal platform for accommodating proteins and facilitating protein electron transfer. In this work, we demonstrate that graphene oxide (GO) supports the efficient electrical wiring the redox centers of several heme-containing metalloproteins (cytochrome c, myoglobin, and horseradish peroxidase) to the electrode. Importantly, proteins retain their structural intactness and biological activity upon forming mixtures with GO. These important features imply the promising applications of GO/protein complexes in the development of biosensors and biofuel cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zuo
- Laboratory of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kartashov AV, Serafini G, Dong M, Shipovskov S, Gazaryan I, Besenbacher F, Ferapontova EE. Long-range electron transfer in recombinant peroxidases anisotropically orientated on gold electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:10098-107. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00605j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
37
|
Liu W, Rumbley JN, Englander SW, Wand AJ. Fast structural dynamics in reduced and oxidized cytochrome c. Protein Sci 2009; 18:670-4. [PMID: 19241377 DOI: 10.1002/pro.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The sub-nanosecond structural dynamics of reduced and oxidized cytochrome c were characterized. Dynamic properties of the protein backbone measured by amide (15)N relaxation and side chains measured by the deuterium relaxation of methyl groups change little upon change in the redox state. These results imply that the solvent reorganization energy associated with electron transfer is small, consistent with previous theoretical analyses. The relative rigidity of both redox states also implies that dynamic relief of destructive electron transfer pathway interference is not operational in free cytochrome c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Johnson Research Foundation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6059, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Feng JJ, Murgida DH, Kuhlmann U, Utesch T, Mroginski MA, Hildebrandt P, Weidinger IM. Gated Electron Transfer of Yeast Iso-1 Cytochrome c on Self-Assembled Monolayer-Coated Electrodes. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:15202-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8062383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Ju Feng
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel H. Murgida
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Uwe Kuhlmann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tillmann Utesch
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Andrea Mroginski
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Peter Hildebrandt
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Inez M. Weidinger
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC14, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. 2, piso 1, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Patel AD, Nocek JM, Hoffman BM. Kinetic-dynamic model for conformational control of an electron transfer photocycle: mixed-metal hemoglobin hybrids. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:11827-37. [PMID: 18717535 PMCID: PMC2672620 DOI: 10.1021/jp8054679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that the transfer of an electron across a protein-protein interface is coupled to the dynamics of conformational conversion between and within ensembles of interface conformations. Electron transfer (ET) reactions in conformationally mobile systems provide a "clock" against which the rapidity of a dynamic process may be measured, and we here report a simple kinetic (master equation) model that self-consistently incorporates conformational dynamics into an ET photocycle comprised of a photoinitiated "forward" step and thermal return to ground. This kinetic/dynamic (KD) model assumes an ET complex exists as multiple interconverting conformations which partition into an ET-optimized (reactive; R) population and a less-reactive population ( S). We take the members of each population to be equivalent by constraining them to have the same conformational energy, the same average rate constant for conversion to members of the other population, and the same rate constants for forward and back ET. The result is a mapping of a complicated energy surface onto the simple "gating", two-well surface, but with rate constants that are defined microscopically. This model successfully describes the changes in the ET photocycle within the "predocked" mixed-metal hemoglobin (Hb) hybrid, [alpha(Zn), beta(Fe3+N 3 (-))], as conformational kinetics are modulated by variations in viscosity (eta = 1-15 cP; 20 degrees C). The description reveals how the conformational "routes" by which a hybrid progresses through a photocycle differ in different dynamic regimes. Even at eta = 1 cP, the populations are not in fast exchange, and ET involves a complex interplay between conformational and ET processes; at intermediate viscosities the hybrid exhibits "differential dynamics" in which the forward and back ET processes involve different initial ensembles of configurational substates; by eta = 15 cP, the slow-exchange limit is approached. Even at low viscosity, the ET-coupled motions are fairly slow, with rate constants of <10 (3) s (-1). Current ideas about Hb function lead to the testable hypothesis that ET in the hybrid may be coupled to allosteric fluctuations of the two [alpha 1, beta 2] dimers of Hb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ami D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Léger C, Bertrand P. Direct Electrochemistry of Redox Enzymes as a Tool for Mechanistic Studies. Chem Rev 2008; 108:2379-438. [DOI: 10.1021/cr0680742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
42
|
Mazzei F, Favero G, Frasconi M, Tata A, Tuccitto N, Licciardello A, Pepi F. Soft-Landed Protein Voltammetry: A Tool for Redox Protein Characterization. Anal Chem 2008; 80:5937-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8005389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Mazzei
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Favero
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Frasconi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tata
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzio Tuccitto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Licciardello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Federico Pepi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Protein tethered lipid bilayer: An alternative mimic of the biological membrane (Mini Review). Biointerphases 2008; 3:FA101. [DOI: 10.1116/1.2936939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
44
|
Protein electrodes with direct electrochemical communication. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 109:19-64. [PMID: 17928972 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry using direct electron transfer between an electrode and a protein or an enzyme has developed into a means for studying biological redox reactions and for bioanalytics, biosynthesis and bioenergetics. This review summarizes recent work on direct protein electrochemistry with special emphasis on our results in bioelectrocatalysis using isolated enzymes and enzyme-protein couples.
Collapse
|
45
|
Electronic wiring of a multi-redox site membrane protein in a biomimetic surface architecture. Biophys J 2008; 94:3698-705. [PMID: 18222995 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.117846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioelectronic coupling of multi-redox-site membrane proteins was accomplished with cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) as an example. A biomimetic membrane system was used for the oriented immobilization of the CcO oxidase on a metal electrode. When the protein is immobilized with the CcO binding side directed toward the electrode and reconstituted in situ into a lipid bilayer, it is addressable by direct electron transfer to the redox centers. Electron transfer to the enzyme via the spacer, referred to as electronic wiring, shows an exceptionally high rate constant. This allows a kinetic analysis of all four consecutive electron transfer steps within the enzyme to be carried out. Electron transfer followed by rapid scan cyclic voltammetry in combination with surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy provides mechanistic and structural information about the heme centers. Probing the enzyme under turnover conditions showed mechanistic insights into proton translocation coupled to electron transfer. This bioelectronic approach opens a new field of activity to investigate complex processes in a wide variety of membrane proteins.
Collapse
|
46
|
Bernad S, Leygue N, Korri-Youssoufi H, Lecomte S. Kinetics of the electron transfer reaction of Cytochrome c 552 adsorbed on biomimetic electrode studied by time-resolved surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy and electrochemistry. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2007; 36:1039-48. [PMID: 17549469 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-007-0173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome c (552) (Cyt-c (552)) and its redox partner ba ( 3 )-oxidase from Thermus thermophilus possess structural differences compared with Horse heart cytochrome c (cyt-c)/cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) system, where the recognition between partners and the electron transfer (ET) process is initiated via electrostatic interactions. We demonstrated in a previous study by surface-enhanced resonance Raman (SERR) spectroscopy that roughened silver electrodes coated with uncharged mixed self-assembled monolayers HS-(CH(2))( n )-CH(3)/HS-(CH(2))( n + 1)-OH 50/50, n = 5, 10 or 15, was a good model to mimic the Cyt-c (552) redox partner. All the adsorbed molecules are well oriented on such biomimetic electrodes and transfer one electron during the redox process. The present work focuses on the kinetic part of the heterogeneous ET process of Cyt-c (552) adsorbed onto electrodes coated with such mixed SAMs of different alkyl chain length. For that purpose, two complementary methods were combined. Firstly cyclic voltammetry shows that the ET between the adsorbed Cyt-c (552) and the biomimetic electrode is direct and reversible. Furthermore, it allows the estimation of both the density surface coverage of adsorbed Cyt-c (552) and the kinetic constants values. Secondly, time-resolved SERR (TR-SERR) spectroscopy showed that the ET process occurs without conformational change of the Cyt-c (552) heme group and allows the determination of kinetic constants. Results show that the kinetic constant values obtained by TR-SERR spectroscopy could be compared to those obtained from cyclic voltammetry. They are estimated at 200, 150 and 40 s(-1) for the ET of Cyt-c (552) adsorbed onto electrodes coated with mixed SAMs HS-(CH(2))( n )-CH(3)/HS-(CH(2))( n + 1)-OH 50/50, n = 5, 10 or 15, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bernad
- LADIR, CNRS/UPMC (UMR 7075), 2 rue Henri Dunant, 94320, Thiais, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Myoglobin modified electrodes as anchors for d metal cationic complexes. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 70:394-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2005] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
48
|
Groot MTD, Merkx M, Koper MTM. Reorganization of immobilized horse and yeast cytochrome c induced by pH changes or nitric oxide binding. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:3832-9. [PMID: 17319704 DOI: 10.1021/la062774k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The redox properties of horse and yeast cytochrome c electrostatically immobilized on carboxylic acid-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been determined over a broad pH range (pH 3.5-8) in the absence and presence of nitric oxide. Below pH 6, both proteins exhibit comparable midpoint potentials, coverages, and electron-transfer rate constants, which suggests that they are adsorbed on the SAM in a similar fashion. Above pH 6, a sharp decrease in electron-transfer rate constants is observed for immobilized yeast cytochrome c, which is indicative of a change in the electron tunneling pathway between the heme and the electrode and hence suggests that the protein reorients on the surface. Such a decrease is not observed for horse cytochrome c and therefore must be related to the specific charge distribution on yeast cytochrome c. Apart from the charge distribution on the protein, the reorientation also seems to be related to the charge on the SAM surface. The presence of nitric oxide causes a decrease in electron-transfer rate constants of both yeast and horse cytochrome c at low pH. This is probably due to the fact that nitric oxide induces a conformational change of the protein and also changes the reorganization energy for electron transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus T de Groot
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Schuit Institute of Catalysis, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pettit CM, Roy D. Surface plasmon resonance as a time-resolved probe of structural changes in molecular films: considerations for correlating resonance shifts with adsorbate layer parameters. Analyst 2007; 132:524-35. [PMID: 17525809 DOI: 10.1039/b615615k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy is an efficient probe of transient structural changes in molecular films. To analyze kinetic SPR data for such systems, generally it is necessary to adapt an adequate theoretical framework that would allow one to express the measured optical quantities (time-dependent shifts of the resonance angle or wavelength) in terms of the structural parameters (layer thickness, mass density, or surface coverage) of the sample molecules. We present here theoretical calculations and illustrative experimental results to address certain essential elements of this type of data analysis for transient SPR systems. The phenomenological framework we consider here is based on multilayer reflectivity calculations, and can be applied to a broad class of systems involving ordered molecular layers on supporting gold films. A typical application of these calculations is demonstrated through the analysis of specific SPR experiments designed to probe the kinetics of pH-induced structural changes in a molecular film of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) on a thin gold film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Pettit
- Box 4030, Department of Physics, Emporia State University, Emporia, KS 66801-5087, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Andreu R, Ferapontova EE, Gorton L, Calvente JJ. Direct Electron Transfer Kinetics in Horseradish Peroxidase Electrocatalysis. J Phys Chem B 2006; 111:469-77. [PMID: 17214499 DOI: 10.1021/jp064277i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study of direct electron transfer between enzymes and electrodes is frequently hampered by the small fraction of adsorbed proteins that remains electrochemically active. Here, we outline a strategy to overcome this limitation, which is based on a hierarchical analysis of steady-state electrocatalytic currents and the adoption of the "binary activity" hypothesis. The procedure is illustrated by studying the electrocatalytic response of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) adsorbed on graphite electrodes as a function of substrate (hydrogen peroxide) concentration, electrode potential, and solution pH. Individual contributions of the rates of substrate/enzyme reaction and of the electrode/enzyme electron exchange to the observed catalytic currents were disentangled by taking advantage of their distinct dependence on substrate concentration and electrode potential. In the absence of nonturnover currents, adoption of the "binary activity" hypothesis provided values of the standard electron-transfer rate constant for reduction of HRP Compound II that are similar to those reported previously for reduction of cytochrome c peroxidase Compound II. The variation of the catalytic currents with applied potential was analyzed in terms of the non-adiabatic Marcus-DOS electron transfer theory. The availability of a broad potential window, where catalytic currents could be recorded, facilitates an accurate determination of both the reorganization energy and the maximum electron-transfer rate for HRP Compound II reduction. The variation of these two kinetic parameters with solution pH provides some indication of the nature and location of the acid/base groups that control the electronic exchange between enzyme and electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Andreu
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012-Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|