1
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Naing MD, Juliano SA, Angeles-Boza AM. Synergy between the clavanins as a weapon against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2160-2164. [PMID: 38911167 PMCID: PMC11187565 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Finding new antibiotics that can act synergistically with each other offers many benefits such as lower dosages used for each drug, improved pathogen clearance, and ability to act against multi-drug resistant strains. In this study, six peptides isolated from the tunicate Styela clava were evaluated for their synergistic interaction using the checkerboard assay and the time kill kinetics assay. Using two different tests, we report synergy between clavanin D and clavaspirin in both tests and synergy between clavanin A and B only in the checkerboard test when used against the multidrug resistant E. cloacae 0136. This work demonstrates the possible cooperativity between homologous AMPs from a single organism and the advantage of using two susceptibility tests instead of one when testing synergistic combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin D Naing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut Storrs 06269 USA
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2
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Wang X, Xu Y, Martin NI, Breukink E. The enigmatic mode of action of the lantibiotic epilancin 15X. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184282. [PMID: 38218577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Epilancin 15X is a lantibiotic that has an antimicrobial activity in the nanomolar concentration range towards Staphylococcus simulans. Such low MICs usually imply that these peptides employ a mechanism of action (MoA) involving high affinity targets. Here we studied this MoA by using epilancin 15X's ability to dissipate the membrane potential of intact S. simulans cells. These membrane depolarization assays showed that treatment of the bacteria by antibiotics known to affect the bacterial cell wall synthesis pathway decreased the membrane depolarization effects of epilancin 15X. Disruption of the Lipid II cycle in intact bacteria using several methods led to a decrease in the activity of epilancin 15X. Antagonism-based experiments on 96-well plate and agar diffusion plate pointed towards a possible interaction between epilancin 15X and Lipid II and this was confirmed by Circular Dichroism (CD) based experiments. However, this interaction did not lead to a detectable effect on either carboxyfluorescein (CF) leakage or proton permeability. All experiments point to the involvement of a phosphodiester-containing target within a polyisoprene-based biosynthesis pathway, yet the exact identity of the target remains obscure so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Wang
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Yang Xu
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiotechnology Research of China, the Zhejiang Gongshang University of China, Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Fermon L, Burel A, Ostyn E, Dréano S, Bondon A, Chevance S, Pinel-Marie ML. Mechanism of action of sprG1-encoded type I toxins in Staphylococcus aureus: from membrane alterations to mesosome-like structures formation and bacterial lysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1275849. [PMID: 37854335 PMCID: PMC10579593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1275849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
sprG1/SprF1 is a type I toxin-antitoxin system located on Staphylococcus aureus prophage. It has previously been shown that the two toxins, SprG131 and SprG144, encoded by the sprG1 gene, are two membrane-associated peptides structured in a single α-helix. Overexpression of these two peptides leads to growth inhibition and even S. aureus death. In this study, we investigated the involvement of each peptide in this toxicity, the sequence requirements necessary for SprG131 toxicity, and the mechanism of action of these two peptides. Our findings show that both peptides, when expressed individually, are able to stop growth, with higher toxicity observed for SprG131. The combination of a hydrophobic domain and a charged domain located only at the C-terminus is necessary for this toxicity, likely to retain the orientation of the transmembrane domain. A net cationic charge for SprG131 is not essential to induce a growth defect in S. aureus. Furthermore, we established a chronology of toxic events following overexpression to gain insights into the mode of action of SprG144 and SprG131. We demonstrated that mesosome-like structures are already formed when membrane is depolarized, about 20 min after peptides induction. This membrane depolarization occurs concomitantly with a depletion of intracellular ATP, leading to S. aureus growth arrest. Moreover, we hypothesized that SprG144 and SprG131 do not form large pores in the S. aureus membrane, as ATP is not excreted into the extracellular medium, and membrane permeabilization is delayed relative to membrane depolarization. The next challenge is to identify the conditions under which SprG144 and SprG131 are naturally expressed, and to uncover their potential roles during staphylococcal growth, colonization, and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Fermon
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, BRM – UMR_S 1230, Rennes, France
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR – UMR 6226, Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Burel
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, INSERM, BIOSIT – UAR 3480, US_S 018, Rennes, France
| | - Emeline Ostyn
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, BRM – UMR_S 1230, Rennes, France
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4
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Wang X, Li J, Zhang S, Zhou W, Zhang L, Huang X. pH-activated antibiofilm strategies for controlling dental caries. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1130506. [PMID: 36949812 PMCID: PMC10025512 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1130506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental biofilms are highly assembled microbial communities surrounded by an extracellular matrix, which protects the resident microbes. The microbes, including commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens, coexist with each other to maintain relative balance under healthy conditions. However, under hostile conditions such as sugar intake and poor oral care, biofilms can generate excessive acids. Prolonged low pH in biofilm increases proportions of acidogenic and aciduric microbes, which breaks the ecological equilibrium and finally causes dental caries. Given the complexity of oral microenvironment, controlling the acidic biofilms using antimicrobials that are activated at low pH could be a desirable approach to control dental caries. Therefore, recent researches have focused on designing novel kinds of pH-activated strategies, including pH-responsive antimicrobial agents and pH-sensitive drug delivery systems. These agents exert antibacterial properties only under low pH conditions, so they are able to disrupt acidic biofilms without breaking the neutral microenvironment and biodiversity in the mouth. The mechanisms of low pH activation are mainly based on protonation and deprotonation reactions, acids labile linkages, and H+-triggered reactive oxygen species production. This review summarized pH-activated antibiofilm strategies to control dental caries, concentrating on their effect, mechanisms of action, and biocompatibility, as well as the limitation of current research and the prospects for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingling Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojing Huang,
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5
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Mendive‐Tapia L, Mendive‐Tapia D, Zhao C, Gordon D, Benson S, Bromley MJ, Wang W, Wu J, Kopp A, Ackermann L, Vendrell M. Rationales Design von Phe-BODIPY-Aminosäuren als fluorogene Bausteine für den peptidbasierten Nachweis von Candida-Infektionen im Harntrakt. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202117218. [PMID: 38505242 PMCID: PMC10946803 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPilzinfektionen, die durch Candida‐Arten verursacht werden, gehören zu den häufigsten Infektionen bei Krankenhauspatienten. Die derzeitigen Methoden zum Nachweis von Candida‐Pilzzellen in klinischen Proben beruhen jedoch auf zeitaufwändigen Analysen, die eine schnelle und zuverlässige Diagnose erschweren. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir die rationale Entwicklung neuer Phe‐BODIPY‐Aminosäuren als kleine fluorogene Bausteine und ihre Anwendung zur Erzeugung fluoreszierender antimikrobieller Peptide für die schnelle Markierung von Candida‐Zellen im Urin. Mit Hilfe von computergestützten Berechnungen haben wir das fluorogene Verhalten von BODIPY‐substituierten aromatischen Aminosäuren analysiert und Bioaktivitäts‐ und konfokale Mikroskopieexperimente bei verschiedenen Stämmen durchgeführt, um den Nutzen und die Vielseitigkeit von Peptiden mit Phe‐BODIPYs zu bestätigen. Schließlich haben wir einen einfachen und sensitiven fluoreszensbasierten Test zum Nachweis von Candida albicans in menschlichen Urinproben entwickelt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Mendive‐Tapia
- Zentrum für EntzündungsforschungDie Universität von EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghGroßbritannien
| | - David Mendive‐Tapia
- Abteilung Theoretische ChemiePhysikalisch-Chemisches InstitutUniversität Heidelberg69120HeidelbergDeutschland
| | - Can Zhao
- Manchester Fungal Infection GroupAbteilung für EvolutionInfektion und GenomikM139NTManchesterGroßbritannien
| | - Doireann Gordon
- Zentrum für EntzündungsforschungDie Universität von EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghGroßbritannien
| | - Sam Benson
- Zentrum für EntzündungsforschungDie Universität von EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghGroßbritannien
| | - Michael J. Bromley
- Manchester Fungal Infection GroupAbteilung für EvolutionInfektion und GenomikM139NTManchesterGroßbritannien
| | - Wei Wang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität37077GöttingenDeutschland
| | - Jun Wu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität37077GöttingenDeutschland
| | - Adelina Kopp
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität37077GöttingenDeutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität37077GöttingenDeutschland
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Zentrum für EntzündungsforschungDie Universität von EdinburghEH16 4TJEdinburghGroßbritannien
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6
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Mendive‐Tapia L, Mendive‐Tapia D, Zhao C, Gordon D, Benson S, Bromley MJ, Wang W, Wu J, Kopp A, Ackermann L, Vendrell M. Rational Design of Phe‐BODIPY Amino Acids as Fluorogenic Building Blocks for Peptide‐Based Detection of Urinary Tract
Candida
Infections. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117218. [PMID: 35075763 PMCID: PMC9305947 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fungal infections caused by Candida species are among the most prevalent in hospitalized patients. However, current methods for the detection of Candida fungal cells in clinical samples rely on time‐consuming assays that hamper rapid and reliable diagnosis. Herein, we describe the rational development of new Phe‐BODIPY amino acids as small fluorogenic building blocks and their application to generate fluorescent antimicrobial peptides for rapid labelling of Candida cells in urine. We have used computational methods to analyse the fluorogenic behaviour of BODIPY‐substituted aromatic amino acids and performed bioactivity and confocal microscopy experiments in different strains to confirm the utility and versatility of peptides incorporating Phe‐BODIPYs. Finally, we have designed a simple and sensitive fluorescence‐based assay for the detection of Candida albicans in human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Mendive‐Tapia
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - David Mendive‐Tapia
- Department Theoretische Chemie Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut Universität Heidelberg 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Can Zhao
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group Division of Evolution Infection and Genomics University of Manchester M139NT Manchester UK
| | - Doireann Gordon
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Michael J. Bromley
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group Division of Evolution Infection and Genomics University of Manchester M139NT Manchester UK
| | - Wei Wang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Jun Wu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Adelina Kopp
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie Georg-August-Universität 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
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7
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Wu R, Patocka J, Nepovimova E, Oleksak P, Valis M, Wu W, Kuca K. Marine Invertebrate Peptides: Antimicrobial Peptides. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:785085. [PMID: 34975806 PMCID: PMC8719109 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.785085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are an important component of many organisms’ innate immune system, with a good inhibitory or killing effect against the invading pathogens. As a type of biological polypeptide with natural immune activities, antimicrobial peptides have a broad spectrum of antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor activities. Nevertheless, these peptides cause no harm to the organisms themselves. Compared with traditional antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides have the advantage of not producing drug resistance and have a unique antibacterial mechanism, which has attracted widespread attention. In this study, marine invertebrates were classified into arthropods, annelids, mollusks, cnidarians, and tunicata. We then analyzed the types, sources and antimicrobial activities of the antimicrobial peptides in each group. We also reviewed the immune mechanism from three aspects: membrane-targeted direct killing effects, non-membrane targeting effects and immunomodulatory effects. Finally, we discussed their applications and the existing problems facing antimicrobial peptides in actual production. The results are expected to provide theoretical support for future research and applications of antimicrobial peptides in marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiri Patocka
- Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czechia.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
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8
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Lessons from a Single Amino Acid Substitution: Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of Two Phospholipase A2-Derived Peptides. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 44:46-62. [PMID: 35723383 PMCID: PMC8929095 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane-active nature of phospholipase A2-derived peptides makes them potential candidates for antineoplastic and antibacterial therapies. Two short 13-mer C-terminal fragments taken from snake venom Lys49-PLA2 toxins (p-AppK and p-Acl), differing by a leucine/phenylalanine substitution, were synthesized and their bioactivity was evaluated. Their capacity to interfere with the survival of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with solid and liquid tumors was assessed in vitro. Toxicity to red blood cells was investigated via in silico and in vitro techniques. The mode of action was mainly studied by molecular dynamics simulations and membrane permeabilization assays. Briefly, both peptides have dual activity, i.e., they act against both bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains and tumor cells. All tested bacteria were susceptible to both peptides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most affected. RAMOS, K562, NB4, and CEM cells were the main leukemic targets of the peptides. In general, p-Acl showed more significant activity, suggesting that phenylalanine confers advantages to the antibacterial and antitumor mechanism, particularly for osteosarcoma lines (HOS and MG63). Peptide-based treatment increased the uptake of a DNA-intercalating dye by bacteria, suggesting membrane damage. Indeed, p-AppK and p-Acl did not disrupt erythrocyte membranes, in agreement with in silico predictions. The latter revealed that the peptides deform the membrane and increase its permeability by facilitating solvent penetration. This phenomenon is expected to catalyze the permeation of solutes that otherwise could not cross the hydrophobic membrane core. In conclusion, the present study highlights the role of a single amino acid substitution present in natural sequences towards the development of dual-action agents. In other words, dissecting and fine-tuning biomembrane remodeling proteins, such as snake venom phospholipase A2 isoforms, is again demonstrated as a valuable source of therapeutic peptides.
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9
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Duay SS, Sharma G, Prabhakar R, Angeles-Boza AM, May ER. Molecular Dynamics Investigation into the Effect of Zinc(II) on the Structure and Membrane Interactions of the Antimicrobial Peptide Clavanin A. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:3163-3176. [PMID: 30908921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Clavanin A (ClavA) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) whose antimicrobial activity is enhanced in the presence of Zn(II) ions. The antimicrobial activity of ClavA has been shown to increase 16-fold in the presence of Zn(II) ions. In this study, we investigate the potential sources of this enhancement, namely, the effect of Zn(II) binding on the helical conformation of ClavA and on the ClavA interaction with a model for gram-negative bacterial membranes. In addition, we investigate the effect of Zn(II) on the membrane mechanical properties. We employed all-atom equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations initiated from both fully helical and random coil structures of ClavA. We observe that Zn(II) can stabilize an existing helical conformation in the Zn(II)-binding region, but we do not observe induction of helical conformations in systems initiated in random coil configurations. Zn(II) binding to ClavA provides more favorable electrostatics for membrane association in the C-terminal region. This is evidenced by longer and stronger C-terminal-lipid interactions. Zn(II) is also capable of modulating the membrane properties in a manner which favors ClavA insertion and the potential for enhanced translocation into the cell. This work provides insights into the role of divalent metal cations in the antimicrobial activity of ClavA. This information can be used for the development of synthetic AMPs containing motifs that can bind metals (metalloAMPs) for therapeutic and medical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | - Rajeev Prabhakar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida 33146 , United States
| | | | - Eric R May
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology , University of Connecticut , 91 N. Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
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10
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Rao Z, Kim SY, Akanda MR, Lee SJ, Jung ID, Park BY, Kamala-Kannan S, Hur J, Park JH. Enhanced Expression and Functional Characterization of the Recombinant Putative Lysozyme-PMAP36 Fusion Protein. Mol Cells 2019; 42:262-269. [PMID: 30841024 PMCID: PMC6449713 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The porcine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (PMAP), one of the cathelicidin family members, contains small cationic peptides with amphipathic properties. We used a putative lysozyme originated from the bacteriophage P22 (P22 lysozyme) as a fusion partner, which was connected to the N-terminus of the PMAP36 peptide, to markedly increase the expression levels of recombinant PMAP36. The PMAP36-P22 lysozyme fusion protein with high solubility was produced in Escherichia coli. The final purified yield was approximately 1.8 mg/L. The purified PMAP36-P22 lysozyme fusion protein exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis). Furthermore, we estimated its hemolytic activity against pig erythrocytes as 6% at the high concentration (128 μM) of the PMAP36-P22 lysozyme fusion protein. Compared with the PMAP36 peptide (12%), our fusion protein exhibited half of the hemolytic activity. Overall, our recombinant PMAP36-P22 lysozyme fusion protein sustained the antimicrobial activity with the lower hemolytic activity associated with the synthetic PMAP36 peptide. This study suggests that the PMAP36-P22 lysozyme fusion system could be a crucial addition to the plethora of novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Rao
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
| | - Md Rashedunnabi Akanda
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100,
Bangladesh
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Regulation, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478,
Korea
| | - In Duk Jung
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Differentiation and Regulation, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478,
Korea
| | - Byung-Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
| | - Seralathan Kamala-Kannan
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
- Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
| | - Jung Hee Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Environmental & Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
- Safety, Environment and Life Science Institute, College of Environmental and Bioresources Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Korea
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11
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12
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Hecel A, Wątły J, Rowińska-Żyrek M, Świątek-Kozłowska J, Kozłowski H. Histidine tracts in human transcription factors: insight into metal ion coordination ability. J Biol Inorg Chem 2018; 23:81-90. [PMID: 29218639 PMCID: PMC5756558 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Consecutive histidine repeats are chosen both by nature and by molecular biologists due to their high affinity towards metal ions. Screening of the human genome showed that transcription factors are extremely rich in His tracts. In this work, we examine two of such His-rich regions from forkhead box and MAFA proteins-MB3 (contains 18 His) and MB6 (with 21 His residues), focusing on the affinity and binding modes of Cu2+ and Zn2+ towards the two His-rich regions. In the case of Zn2+ species, the availability of imidazole nitrogen donors enhances metal complex stability. Interestingly, an opposite tendency is observed for Cu2+ complexes at above physiological pH, in which amide nitrogens participate in binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Hecel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Joanna Wątły
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | - Henryk Kozłowski
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Katowicka 68, 45-060, Opole, Poland.
- Wroclaw Research Centre EIT+, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland.
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13
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Łoboda D, Kozłowski H, Rowińska-Żyrek M. Antimicrobial peptide–metal ion interactions – a potential way of activity enhancement. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the potential correlation between the antimicrobial peptide–metal binding mode, structure, thermodynamics and mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Łoboda
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- 50-383 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - H. Kozłowski
- Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole
- 45-060 Opole
- Poland
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14
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Shen M, Dong W, Qian J, Zou L. Antimicrobial activity and membrane interaction mechanism of the antimicrobial peptides derived from Rana chensinensis with short sequences. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Mandal SM, Khan J, Mahata D, Saha S, Sengupta J, Silva ON, Das S, Mandal M, Franco OL. A self-assembled clavanin A-coated amniotic membrane scaffold for the prevention of biofilm formation by ocular surface fungal pathogens. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:881-891. [PMID: 29047302 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2017.1383400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amniotic membrane (AM) is frequently used in ophthalmologic surgery for rapid ocular surface reconstruction. Sometimes it may create a major problem with associated infections after biofilm formation over the membrane. To overcome this problem, AM was coated with the antimicrobial peptide clavanin A. The antifungal activity of clavanin A in the native and self-assembled form was determined against the common ocular surface pathogens Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Alternaria sp. and Fusarium sp. Biofilm formation over the coated surface was significantly reduced in comparison with the uncoated membrane. The coated membrane revealed effectiveness in terms of biocompatibility, cell attachment colonization when tested in non-cancerous 3T3 and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cell lines. Clavanin A-coated AM also exhibited excellent physical, morphological and antifungal characteristics, indicating potential applicability for ocular surface infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santi M Mandal
- a Central Research Facility , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , India
| | - Jahangir Khan
- a Central Research Facility , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , India
| | - Denial Mahata
- b Rubber Technology Centre , Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur , India
| | - Suman Saha
- c Priyamvada Birla Aravind Eye Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | | | - Osmar N Silva
- d S-Inova Biotech, Pos-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Brazil
| | - Subhayan Das
- e School of Medical Science and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- e School of Medical Science and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur , India
| | - Octavio L Franco
- d S-Inova Biotech, Pos-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Brazil
- f Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Centro de Analises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas , Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
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16
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Phenylalanine residues act as membrane anchors in the antimicrobial action of Aurein 1.2. Biointerphases 2017; 12:05G605. [PMID: 29078702 DOI: 10.1116/1.4995674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurein 1.2 is a small cationic antimicrobial peptide, one of the shortest peptides that can exert antimicrobial activity at low micromolar concentrations. Aurein 1.2 is a surface acting peptide, following the "carpet" mechanism of thresholded membrane disruption. It is generally assumed that the activity of such cationic α-helical membrane disrupting peptides is charge driven. Here, the authors show that instead of charge interactions, aromatic phenylalanine residues of the Aurein 1.2 sequence facilitate the membrane binding. The activity of the wild type peptide was compared to mutants in which the Phe residues were substituted, singly and in tandem, with alanine. Measurements by quartz crystal microbalance, impedance spectroscopy, and dye leakage experiments demonstrated that single residue mutants retain a much-reduced activity whereas the deletion of both Phe residues prevents membrane disruption entirely. The single residue mutants exhibited an altered mechanism of action, permeabilizing but not dissolving the target membranes. These results offer a new design rule for membrane disrupting peptides with potential pharmacological applications.
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17
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Donati M, Cenacchi G, Biondi R, Papa V, Borel N, Vecchio Nepita E, Magnino S, Pasquinelli G, Levi A, Franco OL. Activity of synthetic peptides against Chlamydia. Biopolymers 2017; 108. [PMID: 28555934 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro activity of six synthetic peptides against 36 strains of Chlamydia from different origins was investigated. Clavanin MO (CMO) proved to be the most active peptide, reducing the inclusion number of all Chlamydia strains from eight different species tested by ≥50% at 10 µg mL-1 . Mastoparan L showed an equal activity against C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, C. suis, and C. muridarum, but did not exert any inhibitory effect against C. psittaci, C. pecorum, C. abortus, and C. avium even at 80 µg mL-1 . These data suggest that CMO could be a promising compound in the prevention and treatment of chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nicole Borel
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Simone Magnino
- National Reference laboratory for Animal Chlamydioses, IZSLER, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Aurora Levi
- DIMES, Microbiology, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Octavio L Franco
- Centre of Proteomics and Biochemistry, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pos-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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18
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Juliano SA, Pierce S, deMayo JA, Balunas MJ, Angeles-Boza AM. Exploration of the Innate Immune System of Styela clava: Zn2+ Binding Enhances the Antimicrobial Activity of the Tunicate Peptide Clavanin A. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1403-1414. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A. Juliano
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - Scott Pierce
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
| | - James A. deMayo
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Marcy J. Balunas
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Alfredo M. Angeles-Boza
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, United States
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19
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Tang W, Pu C, Li M. Interaction between Antibacterial Peptide Apep10 and Escherichia coli Membrane Lipids Evaluated Using Liposome as Pseudo-Stationary Phase. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0164594. [PMID: 28052090 PMCID: PMC5215004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes constructed from Escherichia coli membrane lipids were used as a pseudo-stationary phase in capillary electrophoresis and immobilised liposome chromatography to evaluate the interaction between antibacterial peptide (ABP) Apep10 and bacterial membrane lipids. The peptide mobility decreased as the concentration of liposomes increased, providing evidence for the existence of this interaction. The binding constant between Apep10 and the Escherichia coli membranes lipid liposome was higher than that of Apep10 with a mixed phospholipids liposome at the same temperature. The capillary electrophoresis results indicate that the binding ability of Apep10 with a liposome was dependent on the liposome’s lipid compositions. Thermodynamic analysis by immobilised liposome chromatography indicated that hydrophobic and electrostatic effects contributed to the partitioning of Apep10 in the membrane lipids. The liposomes constructed from bacterial membrane lipid were more suitable as the model membranes used to study dynamic ABP/membrane interactions than those constructed from specific ratios of particular phospholipids, with its more biomimetic phospholipid composition and contents. This study provides an appropriate model for the evaluation of ABP-membrane interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Chuanfen Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Man Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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20
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Silva ON, de la Fuente-Núñez C, Haney EF, Fensterseifer ICM, Ribeiro SM, Porto WF, Brown P, Faria-Junior C, Rezende TMB, Moreno SE, Lu TK, Hancock REW, Franco OL. An anti-infective synthetic peptide with dual antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35465. [PMID: 27804992 PMCID: PMC5090204 DOI: 10.1038/srep35465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant infections are predicted to kill 10 million people per year by 2050, costing the global economy $100 trillion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop alternative technologies. We have engineered a synthetic peptide called clavanin-MO, derived from a marine tunicate antimicrobial peptide, which exhibits potent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties both in vitro and in vivo. The peptide effectively killed a panel of representative bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant hospital isolates. Antimicrobial activity of the peptide was demonstrated in animal models, reducing bacterial counts by six orders of magnitude, and contributing to infection clearance. In addition, clavanin-MO was capable of modulating innate immunity by stimulating leukocyte recruitment to the site of infection, and production of immune mediators GM-CSF, IFN-γ and MCP-1, while suppressing an excessive and potentially harmful inflammatory response by increasing synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and repressing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and TNF-α. Finally, treatment with the peptide protected mice against otherwise lethal infections caused by both Gram-negative and -positive drug-resistant strains. The peptide presented here directly kills bacteria and further helps resolve infections through its immune modulatory properties. Peptide anti-infective therapeutics with combined antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties represent a new approach to treat antibiotic-resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de pós-graduação em Genética e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - C de la Fuente-Núñez
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Harvard Biophysics Program, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - E F Haney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I C M Fensterseifer
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - S M Ribeiro
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - W F Porto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - P Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - C Faria-Junior
- Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil
| | - T M B Rezende
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
| | - S E Moreno
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - T K Lu
- Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Harvard Biophysics Program, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - R E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - O L Franco
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de pós-graduação em Genética e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil.,S-Inova Biotech, Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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21
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Malik E, Dennison SR, Harris F, Phoenix DA. pH Dependent Antimicrobial Peptides and Proteins, Their Mechanisms of Action and Potential as Therapeutic Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040067. [PMID: 27809281 PMCID: PMC5198042 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potent antibiotics of the innate immune system that have been extensively investigated as a potential solution to the global problem of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microbes. A group of AMPs that are increasingly being reported are those that utilise pH dependent antimicrobial mechanisms, and here we review research into this area. This review shows that these antimicrobial molecules are produced by a diverse spectrum of creatures, including vertebrates and invertebrates, and are primarily cationic, although a number of anionic examples are known. Some of these molecules exhibit high pH optima for their antimicrobial activity but in most cases, these AMPs show activity against microbes that present low pH optima, which reflects the acidic pH generally found at their sites of action, particularly the skin. The modes of action used by these molecules are based on a number of major structure/function relationships, which include metal ion binding, changes to net charge and conformational plasticity, and primarily involve the protonation of histidine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid residues at low pH. The pH dependent activity of pore forming antimicrobial proteins involves mechanisms that generally differ fundamentally to those used by pH dependent AMPs, which can be described by the carpet, toroidal pore and barrel-stave pore models of membrane interaction. A number of pH dependent AMPs and antimicrobial proteins have been developed for medical purposes and have successfully completed clinical trials, including kappacins, LL-37, histatins and lactoferrin, along with a number of their derivatives. Major examples of the therapeutic application of these antimicrobial molecules include wound healing as well as the treatment of multiple cancers and infections due to viruses, bacteria and fungi. In general, these applications involve topical administration, such as the use of mouth washes, cream formulations and hydrogel delivery systems. Nonetheless, many pH dependent AMPs and antimicrobial proteins have yet to be fully characterized and these molecules, as a whole, represent an untapped source of novel biologically active agents that could aid fulfillment of the urgent need for alternatives to conventional antibiotics, helping to avert a return to the pre-antibiotic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Malik
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Sarah R Dennison
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| | - David A Phoenix
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK.
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22
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Perkins RJ, Kukharchuk A, Delcroix P, Shoemaker RK, Roeselová M, Cwiklik L, Vaida V. The Partitioning of Small Aromatic Molecules to Air–Water and Phospholipid Interfaces Mediated by Non-Hydrophobic Interactions. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7408-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b05084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Russell J. Perkins
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, UCB 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, UCV 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Alexandra Kukharchuk
- J. Heyrovský
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Pauline Delcroix
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Richard K. Shoemaker
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, UCB 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Martina Roeselová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lukasz Cwiklik
- J. Heyrovský
Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Veronica Vaida
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, UCB 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Cooperative
Institute for Research In Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, UCV 215, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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23
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Structural Studies of a Lipid-Binding Peptide from Tunicate Hemocytes with Anti-Biofilm Activity. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27128. [PMID: 27292548 PMCID: PMC4904370 DOI: 10.1038/srep27128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clavanins is a class of peptides (23aa) histidine-rich, free of post-translational modifications. Clavanins have been studied largely for their ability to disrupt bacterial membranes. In the present study, the interaction of clavanin A with membranes was assessed by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and permeabilization assays. We observed through those assays that clavanin A lysis bacterial cells at concentrations corresponding to its MIC. Further, the structure and function of clavanin A was investigated. To better understand how clavanin interacted with bacteria, its NMR structure was elucidated. The solution state NMR structure of clavanin A in the presence of TFE-d3 indicated an α-helical conformation. Secondary structures, based on circular dichroism measurements in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and TFE (2,2,2-trifluorethanol), in silico lipid-peptide docking and molecular simulations with lipids DPPC and DOPC revealed that clavanin A can adopt a variety of folds, possibly influencing its different functions. Microcalorimetry assays revealed that clavanin A was capable of discriminating between different lipids. Finally, clavanin A was found to eradicate bacterial biofilms representing a previously unrecognized function.
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24
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Li RF, Lu ZF, Sun YN, Chen SH, Yi YJ, Zhang HR, Yang SY, Yu GH, Huang L, Li CN. Molecular Design, Structural Analysis and Antifungal Activity of Derivatives of Peptide CGA-N46. Interdiscip Sci 2016; 8:319-26. [PMID: 27165480 PMCID: PMC4982898 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-016-0163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CGA)-N46, a derived peptide of human chromogranin A, has antifungal activity. To further research the active domain of CGA-N46, a series of derivatives were designed by successively deleting amino acid from both terminus of CGA-N46, and the amino acid sequence of each derivative was analyzed by bioinformatic software. Based on the predicted physicochemical properties of the peptides, including half-life time in mammalian reticulocytes (in vitro), yeast (in vivo) and E. coli (in vivo), instability index, aliphatic index and grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY), the secondary structure, net charge, the distribution of hydrophobic residues and hydrophilic residues, the final derivatives CGA-N15, CGA-N16, CGA-N12 and CGA-N8 were synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that CGA-N46 and its derivatives were α-helix, neutral or weak positive charge, hydrophilic, and CGA-N12 and CGA-N8 were more stable than the other derivatives. The results of circular dichroism confirmed that CGA-N46 and its derived peptides displayed α-helical structure in an aqueous solution and 30 mM sodium dodecylsulfate, but α-helical contents decreased in hydrophobic lipid vesicles. CGA-N15, CGA-N16, CGA-N12 and CGA-N8 had higher antifungal activities than their mother peptide CGA-N46. Among of the derived peptides, CGA-N12 showed the least hemolytic activity. In conclusion, we have successfully identified the active domain of CGA-N46 with strong antifungal activity and weak hemolytic activity, which provides the possibility to develop a new class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhi-Fang Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya-Nan Sun
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shi-Hua Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yan-Jie Yi
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hui-Ru Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuo-Ye Yang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guang-Hai Yu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liang Huang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chao-Nan Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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25
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Rosa AS, Cutro AC, Frías MA, Disalvo EA. Interaction of Phenylalanine with DPPC Model Membranes: More Than a Hydrophobic Interaction. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:15844-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b08490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Rosa
- Laboratory
of Biointerphases and Biomimetic Systems, CITSE (University of Santiago del Estero- CONICET), 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Universidad de Santiago del Estero-Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria, Santiago del Estero Province Argentina
| | - A. C. Cutro
- Laboratory
of Biointerphases and Biomimetic Systems, CITSE (University of Santiago del Estero- CONICET), 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - M. A. Frías
- Laboratory
of Biointerphases and Biomimetic Systems, CITSE (University of Santiago del Estero- CONICET), 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - E. A. Disalvo
- Laboratory
of Biointerphases and Biomimetic Systems, CITSE (University of Santiago del Estero- CONICET), 4200 Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Universidad de Santiago del Estero-Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria, Santiago del Estero Province Argentina
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26
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Mulder KC, de Lima LA, Aguiar PS, Carneiro FC, Franco OL, Dias SC, Parachin NS. Production of a modified peptide clavanin in Pichia pastoris: cloning, expression, purification and in vitro activities. AMB Express 2015; 5:129. [PMID: 26243173 PMCID: PMC4524883 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-015-0129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are one of the most promising peptide-based drugs due to their enormous potential as novel biopharmaceuticals in both human and animal industries. In order to develop strategies to over produce such molecules, heterologous production of a modified version of clavanin A, here named clavanin MO (clavMO), was successfully achieved in the methylothopic yeast Pichia pastoris. ClavMO was fused to thioredoxin as a carrier protein and the construction was tested using two promoters, PAOX1 and PGAP, based on either induced or constitutive expression systems, respectively. After growth in 5 L Bioreactor, clavMO-thio was recovered and purified through size exclusion chromatography. Our findings show that both constitutive and inducible expression systems produce active clavMO fused to thioredoxin against both Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms.
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27
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Li RF, Yan XH, Lu YB, Lu YL, Zhang HR, Chen SH, Liu S, Lu ZF. Anti-candidal activity of a novel peptide derived from human chromogranin A and its mechanism of action against Candida krusei. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1768-1776. [PMID: 26640548 PMCID: PMC4665730 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida species (Candida spp.) are important fungal pathogens, which cause numerous clinical diseases associated with significant mortality and morbidity in healthcare settings. In our previous study, we identified a recombinant peptide, chromogranin A (CGA)-N46, corresponding to the N-terminal Pro31-Gln76 sequence of human CGA, that exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The present study investigated the antifungal activity of CGA-N46, and its underlying mechanism, against numerous Candida spp. CGA-N46 inhibited the growth of all of the tested Candida spp., of which Candida krusei exhibited the greatest sensitivity. CGA-N46 was able to disrupt the stability of the phospholipid monolayer without damaging the integrity and permeability of the outer membrane of C. krusei cells, and induced cytoplasm vacuolization and mitochondrial damage. In addition, treatment of C. krusei with CGA-N46 was associated with decreased levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, a reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA synthesis inhibition. The results of the present study suggested that CGA-N46 was able to pass through the cell membrane of Candida spp. by temporarily destabilizing the phospholipid membrane, which in turn led to mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of DNA synthesis. Therefore, CGA-N46 may be considered a novel antifungal compound for the treatment of patients with C. krusei infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Fang Li
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Li Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ru Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Hua Chen
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Fang Lu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P.R. China
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Insights into the antimicrobial properties of hepcidins: advantages and drawbacks as potential therapeutic agents. Molecules 2015; 20:6319-41. [PMID: 25867823 PMCID: PMC6272296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20046319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing frequency of multi-drug resistant microorganisms has driven research into alternative therapeutic strategies. In this respect, natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold much promise as candidates for the development of novel antibiotics. However, AMPs have some intrinsic drawbacks, such as partial degradation by host proteases or inhibition by host body fluid composition, potential toxicity, and high production costs. This review focuses on the hepcidins, which are peptides produced by the human liver with a known role in iron homeostasis, as well by numerous other organisms (including fish, reptiles, other mammals), and their potential as antibacterial and antifungal agents. Interestingly, the antimicrobial properties of human hepcidins are enhanced at acidic pH, rendering these peptides appealing for the design of new drugs targeting infections that occur in body areas with acidic physiological pH. This review not only considers current research on the direct killing activity of these peptides, but evaluates the potential application of these molecules as coating agents preventing biofilm formation and critically assesses technical obstacles preventing their therapeutic application.
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29
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Clavanin A improves outcome of complications from different bacterial infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:1620-6. [PMID: 25547358 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03732-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant infections today has led to enormous interest in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as suitable compounds for developing unusual antibiotics. In this study, clavanin A, an antimicrobial peptide previously isolated from the marine tunicate Styela clava, was selected as a purposeful molecule that could be used in controlling infection and further synthesized. Clavanin A was in vitro evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as well as toward L929 mouse fibroblasts and skin primary cells (SPCs). Moreover, this peptide was challenged here in an in vivo wound and sepsis model, and the immune response was also analyzed. Despite displaying clear in vitro antimicrobial activity toward Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, clavanin A showed no cytotoxic activities against mammalian cells, and in acute toxicity tests, no adverse reaction was observed at any of the concentrations. Moreover, clavanin A significantly reduced the S. aureus CFU in an experimental wound model. This peptide also reduced the mortality of mice infected with E. coli and S. aureus by 80% compared with that of control animals (treated with phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]): these data suggest that clavanin A prevents the start of sepsis and thereby reduces mortality. These data suggest that clavanin A is an AMP that could improve the development of novel peptide-based strategies for the treatment of wound and sepsis infections.
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30
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Sun Y, Dong W, Sun L, Ma L, Shang D. Insights into the membrane interaction mechanism and antibacterial properties of chensinin-1b. Biomaterials 2014; 37:299-311. [PMID: 25453959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with non-specific membrane disrupting activities are thought to exert their antimicrobial activity as a result of their cationicity, hydrophobicity and α-helical or β-sheet structures. Chensinin-1, a native peptide from skin secretions of Rana chensinensis, fails to manifest its desired biological properties because its low hydrophobic nature and an adopted random coil structure in a membrane-mimetic environment. In this study, chensinin-1b was designed by rearranging the amino acid sequence of its hydrophilic/polar residues on one face and its hydrophobic/nonpolar residues on the opposite face according to its helical diagram, and by replacing three Gly residues with three Trp residues. Introduction of Trp residues significantly promoted the binding of the peptide to the bacterial outer membrane and exerted bactericidal activity through cytoplasmic membrane damage. Chensinin-1b demonstrates higher antimicrobial activity and greater cell selectivity than its parent peptide, chensinin-1. The electrostatic interactions between chensinin-1b and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may have facilitated the uptake of the peptide into Gram-negative cells and be also helpful to disrupt the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, as evidenced by depolarisation of the membrane potential and leakage of calceins from the liposomes of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Chensinin-1b was also found to penetrate mouse skin and was also effective in vivo, as measured by hydroxyproline levels in a wound infection mouse model, and could therefore act as an anti-infective agent for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Weibing Dong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Li Sun
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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31
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Antimicrobial peptide isolated from ovalbumin hydrolysate by immobilized liposome-binding extraction. Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-2034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Alba A, López-Abarrategui C, Otero-González AJ. Host defense peptides: an alternative as antiinfective and immunomodulatory therapeutics. Biopolymers 2013. [PMID: 23193590 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Host defense peptides are conserved components of innate immune response present among all classes of life. These peptides are potent, broad spectrum antimicrobial agents with potential as novel therapeutic compounds. Also, the ability of host defense peptides to modulate immunity is an emerging therapeutic concept since its selective modulation is a novel antiinfective strategy. Their mechanisms of action and the fundamental differences between pathogens and host cells surfaces mostly lead to a not widely extended microbial resistance and to a lower toxicity toward host cells. Biological libraries and rational design are novel tools for developing such molecules with promising applications as therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annia Alba
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical "Pedro Kourí," La Habana, Cuba
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33
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Rowinska-Zyrek M, Witkowska D, Potocki S, Remelli M, Kozlowski H. His-rich sequences – is plagiarism from nature a good idea? NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj40558j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Shang D, Sun Y, Wang C, Ma L, Li J, Wang X. Rational design of anti-microbial peptides with enhanced activity and low cytotoxicity based on the structure of the arginine/histidine-rich peptide, chensinin-1. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:677-85. [PMID: 22686707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To understand the structure-activity relationship of chensinin-1, a anti-microbial peptide (AMP) with an unusual structure, and to develop novel AMPs as therapeutic agents. METHODS AND RESULTS A series of chensinin-1 analogues were designed and synthesized by one to three replacement of glycines with leucines at the hydrophilic face of chensinin-1 or rearrangement of some of the residues in its sequence. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that the analogues adopted α-helical-type conformations in 50% trifluoroethanol/water but adopted β-strand-type conformations in 30 mmol l(-1) sodium dodecyl sulphate. The anti-microbial activities of the peptides against Gram-positive bacteria increased 5- to 30-fold, and these increases paralleled the increases in the peptides' hydrophobicities. Their haemolytic activities also increased. Amphipathicities had little influence on the bactericidal activity of chensinin-1. All peptides caused leakage of calcein entrapped in negatively charged liposomes although with different efficiencies. The peptides did not induce leakage of calcein from uncharged liposomes. CONCLUSIONS Peptide adopted an aperiodic structure can improve the anti-microbial potency by increasing peptide hydrophobicity. Its target is bacteria plasma membrane. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Chensinin-1 can act as a new lead molecule for the study of AMPs with atypical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shang
- Faculty of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China.
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35
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Shang D, Sun Y, Wang C, Wei S, Ma L, Sun L. Membrane interaction and antibacterial properties of chensinin-1, an antimicrobial peptide with atypical structural features from the skin of Rana chensinensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 96:1551-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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36
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Harris F, Dennison SR, Singh J, Phoenix DA. On the selectivity and efficacy of defense peptides with respect to cancer cells. Med Res Rev 2011; 33:190-234. [PMID: 21922503 DOI: 10.1002/med.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review potential determinants of the anticancer efficacy of innate immune peptides (ACPs) for cancer cells. These determinants include membrane-based factors, such as receptors, phosphatidylserine, sialic acid residues, and sulfated glycans, and peptide-based factors, such as residue composition, sequence length, net charge, hydrophobic arc size, hydrophobicity, and amphiphilicity. Each of these factors may contribute to the anticancer action of ACPs, but no single factor(s) makes an overriding contribution to their overall selectivity and toxicity. Differences between the anticancer actions of ACPs seem to relate to different levels of interplay between these peptide and membrane-based factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom
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37
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Sung WS, Lee J, Cho J, Lee DG. The functional role of the tachykinin consensus region of urechistachykinin peptide family for its antimicrobial activity. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:921-4. [PMID: 21628896 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In our previous study, we reported that urechistachykinin I (U I) and II (U II) exerted antimicrobial effects. To find out how the tachykinin consensus sequence of the urechistachykinin peptide family affects its antimicrobial activity, analogues substituting the amino acid residues phenylalanine (Phe-6; Anal 1), glycine (Gly-8; Anal 2), and arginine (Arg-10; Anal 3) of U II to alanine (Ala) were designed. Subsequently, the antimicrobial activity was shown on the order of Anal 3>U II=Anal 2>Anal 1, and this activity pattern was correlated with membrane studies such as propidium iodide (PI) influx and fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FD) leakage assay. These results suggest that the antimicrobial activity is related to the hydrophobicity values of the peptides. In regards to the activity of U II, it is determined that the hydrophobic Phe-6 plays a more critical role than Gly-8 or Arg-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Sang Sung
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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38
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Wiradharma N, Khoe U, Hauser CAE, Seow SV, Zhang S, Yang YY. Synthetic cationic amphiphilic α-helical peptides as antimicrobial agents. Biomaterials 2010; 32:2204-12. [PMID: 21168911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by the innate immune system are prevalent as the effective first-line of defense to overcome recurring microbial invasions. They have been widely accepted as the blueprints for the development of new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of drug resistant infections. However, there is also a growing concern that AMPs with a sequence that is too close to the host organism's AMP may inevitably compromise its own natural defense. In this study, we design a series of synthetic (non-natural) short α-helical AMPs to expand the arsenal of the AMP families and to gain further insights on their antimicrobial activities. These cationic and amphiphilic peptides have a general sequence of (XXYY)(n) (X: hydrophobic residue, Y: cationic residue, and n: the number of repeat units), and are designed to mimic the folding behavior of the naturally-occurring α-helical AMPs. The synthetic α-helical AMPs with 3 repeat units, (FFRR)(3), (LLRR)(3), and (LLKK)(3), are found to be more selective towards microbial cells than rat red blood cells, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values that are more than 10 times lower than their 50% hemolytic concentrations (HC(50)). They are effective against Gram-positive B. subtilis and yeast C. albicans; and the studies using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have elucidated that these peptides possess membrane-lytic activities against microbial cells. Furthermore, non-specific immune stimulation assays of a typical peptide shows negligible IFN-α, IFN-γ, and TNF-α inductions in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which implies additional safety aspects of the peptide for both systemic and topical use. Therefore, the peptides designed in this study can be promising antimicrobial agents against the frequently-encountered Gram-positive bacteria- or yeast-induced infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikken Wiradharma
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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39
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Abstract
The ocean contains a host of macroscopic life in a great microbial soup. Unlike the terrestrial environment, an aqueous environment provides perpetual propinquity and blurs spatial distinctions. Marine organisms are under a persistent threat of infection by resident pathogenic microbes including bacteria, and in response they have engineered complex organic compounds with antibacterial activity from a diverse set of biological precursors. The diluting effect of the ocean drives the construction of potent molecules that are stable to harsh salty conditions. Members of each class of metabolite-ribosomal and non-ribosomal peptides, alkaloids, polyketides, and terpenes-have been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity. The sophistication and diversity of these metabolites points to the ingenuity and flexibility of biosynthetic processes in Nature. Compared with their terrestrial counterparts, antibacterial marine natural products have received much less attention. Thus, a concerted effort to discover new antibacterials from marine sources has the potential to contribute significantly to the treatment of the ever increasing drug-resistant infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chambers C. Hughes
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093-0204 (USA)
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093-0204 (USA)
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40
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Abbassi F, Lequin O, Piesse C, Goasdoué N, Foulon T, Nicolas P, Ladram A. Temporin-SHf, a new type of phe-rich and hydrophobic ultrashort antimicrobial peptide. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:16880-92. [PMID: 20308076 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.097204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Because issues of cost and bioavailability have hampered the development of gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides to combat infectious diseases, short linear peptides with high microbial cell selectivity have been recently considered as antibiotic substitutes. A new type of short antimicrobial peptide, designated temporin-SHf, was isolated and cloned from the skin of the frog Pelophylax saharica. Temporin-SHf has a highly hydrophobic sequence (FFFLSRIFa) and possesses the highest percentage of Phe residues of any known peptide or protein. Moreover, it is the smallest natural linear antimicrobial peptide found to date, with only eight residues. Despite its small size and hydrophobicity, temporin-SHf has broad-spectrum microbicidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, with no hemolytic activity. CD and NMR spectroscopy combined with restrained molecular dynamics calculations showed that the peptide adopts a well defined non-amphipathic alpha-helical structure from residue 3 to 8, when bound to zwitterionic dodecyl phosphocholine or anionic SDS micelles. Relaxation enhancement caused by paramagnetic probes showed that the peptide adopts nearly parallel orientations to the micelle surface and that the helical structure is stabilized by a compact hydrophobic core on one face that penetrates into the micelle interior. Differential scanning calorimetry on multilamellar vesicles combined with membrane permeabilization assays on bacterial cells indicated that temporin-SHf disrupts the acyl chain packing of anionic lipid bilayers, thereby triggering local cracks and microbial membrane disintegration through a detergent-like effect probably via the carpet mechanism. The short length, compositional simplicity, and broad-spectrum activity of temporin-SHf make it an attractive candidate to develop new antibiotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Abbassi
- ER3 Biogenèse des Signaux Peptidiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06, F-75005 Paris, France
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41
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Li L, He J, Eckert R, Yarbrough D, Lux R, Anderson M, Shi W. Design and characterization of an acid-activated antimicrobial peptide. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 75:127-32. [PMID: 19878192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00904.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries is a microbial biofilm infection in which the metabolic activities of plaque bacteria result in a dramatic pH decrease and shift the demineralization/remineralization equilibrium on the tooth surface towards demineralization. In addition to causing a net loss in tooth minerals, creation of an acidic environment favors growth of acid-enduring and acid-generating species, which causes further reduction in the plaque pH. In this study, we developed a prototype antimicrobial peptide capable of achieving high activity exclusively at low environmental pH to target bacterial species like Streptococcus mutans that produce acid and thrive under the low pH conditions detrimental for tooth integrity. The features of clavanin A, a naturally occurring peptide rich in histidine and phenylalanine residues with pH-dependent antimicrobial activity, served as a design basis for these prototype 'acid-activated peptides' (AAPs). Employing the major cariogenic species S. mutans as a model system, the two AAPs characterized in this study exhibited a striking pH-dependent antimicrobial activity, which correlated well with the calculated charge distribution. This type of peptide represents a potential new way to combat dental caries.
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42
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Tang YL, Shi YH, Zhao W, Hao G, Le GW. Interaction of MDpep9, a novel antimicrobial peptide from Chinese traditional edible larvae of housefly, with Escherichia coli genomic DNA. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Makovitzki A, Fink A, Shai Y. Suppression of Human Solid Tumor Growth in Mice by Intratumor and Systemic Inoculation of Histidine-Rich and pH-Dependent Host Defense–like Lytic Peptides. Cancer Res 2009; 69:3458-63. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Tang YL, Shi YH, Zhao W, Hao G, Le GW. Discovery of a novel antimicrobial peptide using membrane binding-based approach. Food Control 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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