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Kim JA, Long W, Kim JC. Preparation of dimethylaminopropyl octadecanamide/stearic acid vesicles incorporating azobenzene and their UV-responsive release property. Colloid Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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De Leo V, Milano F, Agostiano A, Catucci L. Recent Advancements in Polymer/Liposome Assembly for Drug Delivery: From Surface Modifications to Hybrid Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1027. [PMID: 33810273 PMCID: PMC8037206 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are consolidated and attractive biomimetic nanocarriers widely used in the field of drug delivery. The structural versatility of liposomes has been exploited for the development of various carriers for the topical or systemic delivery of drugs and bioactive molecules, with the possibility of increasing their bioavailability and stability, and modulating and directing their release, while limiting the side effects at the same time. Nevertheless, first-generation vesicles suffer from some limitations including physical instability, short in vivo circulation lifetime, reduced payload, uncontrolled release properties, and low targeting abilities. Therefore, liposome preparation technology soon took advantage of the possibility of improving vesicle performance using both natural and synthetic polymers. Polymers can easily be synthesized in a controlled manner over a wide range of molecular weights and in a low dispersity range. Their properties are widely tunable and therefore allow the low chemical versatility typical of lipids to be overcome. Moreover, depending on their structure, polymers can be used to create a simple covering on the liposome surface or to intercalate in the phospholipid bilayer to give rise to real hybrid structures. This review illustrates the main strategies implemented in the field of polymer/liposome assembly for drug delivery, with a look at the most recent publications without neglecting basic concepts for a simple and complete understanding by the reader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo De Leo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Milano
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Angela Agostiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Lucia Catucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
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An illustrated review on nonionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) as an approach in modern drug delivery: Fabrication, characterization, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Li L, Wang J, Kong H, Zeng Y, Liu G. Functional biomimetic nanoparticles for drug delivery and theranostic applications in cancer treatment. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2018; 19:771-790. [PMID: 30815042 PMCID: PMC6383616 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1528850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been extensively utilized in the design and development of powerful strategies for drug delivery and cancer theranostic. Nanoplatforms as a drug delivery system have many advantages such as in vivo imaging, combined drug delivery, extended circulation time, and systemic controlled release. The functional biomimetic drug delivery could be realized by incorporating stimuli-responsive (pH, temperature, redox potential, etc.) properties into the nanocarrier system, allowing them to bypass biological barriers and arrive at the targeted area. In this review, we discuss the role of internal stimuli-responsive nanocarrier system for imaging and drug delivery in cancer therapy. The development of internal stimuli-responsive nanoparticles is highlighted for precision drug delivery applications, with a particular focus on in vivo imaging, drug release performance, and therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hangru Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Tarabukina E, Seyednov E, Filippov A, Constantin M, Harabagiu V, Fundueanu G. Thermoresponsive properties of N-isopropylacrylamide with methacrylic acid copolymer in media of different acidity. Macromol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-017-5077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Preparation of dual-stimuli-responsive liposomes using methacrylate-based copolymers with pH and temperature sensitivities for precisely controlled release. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:449-458. [PMID: 28463812 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dual-signal-sensitive copolymers were synthesized by copolymerization of methoxy diethylene glycol methacrylate, methacrylic acid, and lauroxy tetraethylene glycol methacrylate, which respectively provide temperature sensitivity, pH sensitivity, and anchoring to liposome surfaces. These novel copolymers, with water solubility that differs depending on temperature and pH, are soluble in water under neutral pH and low-temperature conditions, but they become water-insoluble and form aggregates under acidic pH and high-temperature conditions. Liposomes modified with these copolymers exhibited enhanced content release at weakly acidic pH with increasing temperature, although no temperature-dependent content release was observed in neutral conditions. Interaction between the copolymers and the lipid monolayer at the air-water interface revealed that the copolymer chains penetrate more deeply into the monolayer with increasing temperature at acidic pH than at neutral pH, where the penetration of copolymer chains was moderate and temperature-independent at neutral pH. Interaction of the copolymer-modified liposomes with HeLa cells demonstrated that the copolymer-modified liposomes were adsorbed quickly and efficiently onto the cell surface and that they were internalized more gradually than the unmodified liposomes through endocytosis. Furthermore, the copolymer-modified liposomes enhanced the content release in endosomes with increasing temperature, but no such temperature-dependent enhancement of content release was observed for unmodified liposomes.
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Abstract
pH-sensitive liposomes have been designed to deliver active compounds, specifically to acidic intracellular organelles, and to augment their cytoplasmic concentrations. These systems combine the protective effects of other liposomal formulations with specific environment-controlled drug release. They are stable at physiological pH, but abruptly discharge their contents when endocytosed into acidic compartments, allowing the drug to be released before it is exposed to the harsh environment of the lysosomes.Serum-stable formulations with minimal leakage at physiological pH and rapid drug release at pH 5.0 to 5.5 can be easily prepared by inserting a hydrophobically modified N-isopropylacrylamide/methacrylic acid copolymer (poly(NIPAM-co-MAA)) in the lipid bilayer of sterically stabilized liposomes. The present chapter describes polymer synthesis, as well as the preparation and characterization of large unilamellar pH-sensitive vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bertrand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, CHU de Quebec Research Center, 2705 Boul Laurier, G1V 1B3, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Simard
- Biomod Concepts, 1821B Lavoisier, Saint-Julie, J3E 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI H 301, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Choi H, Chu HS, Chung M, Kim B, Won JI. Synthesis and characterization of an ELP-conjugated liposome with thermo-sensitivity for controlled release of a drug. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Duan Y, Wei L, Petryk J, Ruddy TD. Formulation, characterization and tissue distribution of a novel pH-sensitive long-circulating liposome-based theranostic suitable for molecular imaging and drug delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:5697-5708. [PMID: 27843312 PMCID: PMC5098928 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose When designing liposome formulas for treatment and diagnostic purposes, two of the most common challenges are 1) the lack of a specific release mechanism for the encapsulated contents and 2) a short circulation time due to poor resistance to biological fluids. This study aimed to create a liposome formula with prolonged in vivo longevity and pH-sensitivity for cytoplasmic drug delivery. Materials and methods Liposomal particles were generated using hydrogenated soy (HS) phosphatidylcholine, cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHEM), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-modified phosphatidylethanolamine with film hydration and extrusion methods. The physicochemical properties of the different formulas were characterized. pH-sensitivity was evaluated through monitoring release of encapsulated calcein. Stability of the radiolabeled liposomes was assessed in vitro through incubation with human serum. The best formula was selected and injected into healthy rats to assess tissue uptake and pharmacokinetics. Results Liposomal particles were between 88 and 102 nm in diameter and negatively charged on the surface. Radiolabeling of all formulas with indium-111 was successful with good efficiency. 1%PEG-HS-CHEM not only responded to acidification very quickly but also underwent heavy degradation with serum. The 4%PEG-HS-CHEM, which exhibited both comparatively good pH-sensitivity (up to 20% release) and satisfactory stability (stability >70% after 24 h), was considered the best candidate for in vivo evaluation. Tissue distribution of 4%PEG-HS-CHEM was comparable to that of 4%PEG-HS-Chol, a long-circulating but pH-insensitive control, showing major accumulation in liver, spleen, intestine and kidneys. Analysis of blood clearance showed favorable half-life values: 0.6 and 14 h in fast and slow clearance phases, respectively. Conclusion 4%PEG-HS-CHEM showed promising results in pH-sensitivity, serum stability, tissue uptake and kinetics and is a novel liposome formulation for multifunctional theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Duan
- Nordion Inc.; Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiochemistry Research Core Laboratory, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence, University of Ottawa Heart Institute
| | - Lihui Wei
- Nordion Inc.; Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiochemistry Research Core Laboratory, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiochemistry Research Core Laboratory, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Terrence D Ruddy
- Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Radiochemistry Research Core Laboratory, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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Hwang JY, Li Z, Loh XJ. Small molecule therapeutic-loaded liposomes as therapeutic carriers: from development to clinical applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09854a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, various methods and mechanisms for encapsulation of small therapeutic molecules in liposomes for targeted delivery and triggered release, as well as their potential in the clinical uses, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yoon Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
- Singapore
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore 117602
- Singapore
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)
- Singapore 117602
- Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
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Samanta D, Meiser JL, Zare RN. Polypyrrole nanoparticles for tunable, pH-sensitive and sustained drug release. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:9497-504. [PMID: 25931037 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr02196k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a generalized pH-sensitive drug delivery system that can release any charged drug preferentially at the pH range of interest. Our system is based on polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy NPs), synthesized via a simple one-step microemulsion technique. These nanoparticles are highly monodisperse, stable in solution over the period of a month, and have good drug loading capacity (∼15 wt%). We show that PPy NPs can be tuned to release drugs at both acidic and basic pH by varying the pH, the charge of the drug, as well as by adding small amounts of charged amphiphiles. Moreover, these NPs may be delivered locally by immobilizing them in a hydrogel. Our studies show encapsulation within a calcium alginate hydrogel results in sustained release of the incorporated drug for more than 21 days. Such a nanoparticle-hydrogel composite drug delivery system is promising for treatment of long-lasting conditions such as cancer and chronic pain which require controlled, localized, and sustained drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devleena Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Samanta A, Tesch M, Keller U, Klingauf J, Studer A, Ravoo BJ. Fabrication of Hydrophilic Polymer Nanocontainers by Use of Supramolecular Templates. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1967-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ja511963g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avik Samanta
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Graduate School of Chemistry and Center for
Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Tesch
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Graduate School of Chemistry and Center for
Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrike Keller
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Graduate School of Chemistry and Center for
Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic
Chemistry Institute and Graduate School of Chemistry and Center for
Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse
40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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13
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Tila D, Yazdani-Arazi SN, Ghanbarzadeh S, Arami S, Pourmoazzen Z. pH-sensitive, polymer modified, plasma stable niosomes: promising carriers for anti-cancer drugs. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:21-32. [PMID: 26417350 PMCID: PMC4553888 DOI: 10.17179/excli2013-609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was the design and evaluation of a novel plasma stable, pH-sensitive niosomal formulation of Mitoxantrone by a modified ethanol injection method. Cholesterol hemisuccinate was added instead of cholesterol in order to produce pH-sensitivity property and using PEG-Poly (monomethyl itaconate)-CholC6 (PEG-PMMI-CholC6) copolymer introduced simultaneously pH-sensitivity and plasma stability properties in prepared niosomes. The pH-sensitivity and cytotoxicity of Mitoxantrone niosomes were evaluated in vitro in phosphate buffer with different pHs as well as using human ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3), human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Results showed that both cholesterol derivatives bearing formulations had pH-sensitive property and were found to release their contents under mild acidic conditions rapidly. In addition, the PEG-PMMI-CholC6-based niosomes could reserve the pH-sensitivity after incubation in plasma. Both Mitoxantrone-loaded pH-sensitive niosomes showed higher cytotoxicity than the conventional niosomes on OVCAR-3 and MCF-7 cell lines. However, both pH-sensitive niosomes exhibited lower cytotoxic effect on HUVEC cell line. Plasma stable, pH-sensitive niosomes could improve the cytotoxic effect and reduce the side effects of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena Tila
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
| | | | - Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology ; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy ; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Sanam Arami
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology ; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy
| | - Zhaleh Pourmoazzen
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,Tabriz, Iran
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Liposomes as carriers of hydrophilic small molecule drugs: Strategies to enhance encapsulation and delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:345-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Ghanbarzadeh S, Khorrami A, Mohamed Khosroshahi L, Arami S. Fusogenic pH sensitive liposomal formulation for rapamycin: improvement of antiproliferative effect. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:848-854. [PMID: 24920230 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.871640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liposomes are increasingly employed to deliver chemotherapeutic agents, antisense oligonucleotides, and genes to various therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE The present investigation evaluates the ability of fusogenic pH-sensitive liposomes of rapamycin in increasing its antiproliferative effect on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cholesterol (Chol) and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) (DPPC:Chol, 7:3) were used to prepare conventional rapamycin liposomes by a modified ethanol injection method. Dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) was used to produce fusogenic and pH-sensitive properties in liposomes simultaneously (DPPC:Chol:DOPE, 7:3:4.2). The prepared liposomes were characterized by their size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency percent (EE%), and chemical stability during 6 months. The antiproliferative effects of both types of rapamycin liposomes (10, 25, and 50 nmol/L) with optimized formulations were assessed on MCF-7 cells, as cancerous cells, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), as healthy cells, employing the diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for 72 h. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The particle size, zeta potential, and EE% of the liposomes were 165 ± 12.3 and 178 ± 15.4 nm, -39.6 ± 1.3, and -41.2 ± 2.1 mV as well as 76.9 ± 2.6 and 76.9 ± 2.6% in conventional and fusogenic pH-sensitive liposomes, respectively. Physicochemical stability results indicated that both liposome types were relatively stable at 4 °C than 25 °C. In vitro antiproliferative evaluation showed that fusogenic pH-sensitive liposomes had better antiproliferative effects on MCF-7 cells compared to the conventional liposomes. Conversely, fusogenic pH-sensitive liposomes had less cytotoxicity on HUVEC cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
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16
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Chiang YT, Lo CL. pH-Responsive polymer-liposomes for intracellular drug delivery and tumor extracellular matrix switched-on targeted cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5414-5424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Paliwal SR, Paliwal R, Vyas SP. A review of mechanistic insight and application of pH-sensitive liposomes in drug delivery. Drug Deliv 2014; 22:231-42. [PMID: 24524308 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.882469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pH-sensitive liposomes have been extensively used as an alternative to conventional liposomes in effective intracellular delivery of therapeutics/antigen/DNA/diagnostics to various compartments of the target cell. Such liposomes are destabilized under acidic conditions of the endocytotic pathway as they usually contain pH-sensitive lipid components. Therefore, the encapsulated content is delivered into the intracellular bio-environment through destabilization or its fusion with the endosomal membrane. The therapeutic efficacy of pH-sensitive liposomes enables them as biomaterial with commercial utility especially in cancer treatment. In addition, targeting ligands including antibodies can be anchored on the surface of pH-sensitive liposomes to target specific cell surface receptors/antigen present on tumor cells. These vesicles have also been widely explored for antigen delivery and serve as immunological adjuvant to enhance the immune response to antigens. The present review deals with recent research updates on application of pH-sensitive liposomes in chemotherapy/diagnostics/antigen/gene delivery etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Rai Paliwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur , Chhattisgarh , India
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18
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Ghanbarzadeh S, Arami S, Pourmoazzen Z, Khorrami A. Improvement of the antiproliferative effect of rapamycin on tumor cell lines by poly (monomethylitaconate)-based pH-sensitive, plasma stable liposomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 115:323-30. [PMID: 24394948 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
pH-responsive polymers produce liposomes with pH-sensitive property which can release their encapsulated drug under mild acidic conditions found inside the cellular endosomes, inflammatory tissues and cancerous cells. The aim of this study was preparing pH-sensitive and plasma stable liposomes in order to enhance the selectivity and antiproliferative effect of Rapamycin. In the present study we used PEG-poly (monomethylitaconate)-CholC6 (PEG-PMMI-CholC6) copolymer and Oleic acid (OA) to induce pH-sensitive property in Rapamycin liposomes. pH-sensitive liposomal formulations bearing copolymer PEG-PMMI-CholC6 and OA were characterized in regard to physicochemical stability, pH-responsiveness and stability in human plasma. The ability of pH-sensitive liposomes in enhancing the cytotoxicity of Rapamycin was evaluated in vitro by using colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and compared with its cytotoxicity on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) line. Both formulations were found to release their contents under mild acidic conditions rapidly. However, unlike OA-based liposomes, the PEG-PMMI-CholC6 bearing liposomes preserved their pH-sensitivity in plasma. Both types of pH-sensitive Rapamycin-loaded liposomes exhibited high physicochemical stability and could deliver antiproliferative agent into HT-29 cells much more efficiently in comparison with conventional liposomes. Conversely, the antiproliferative effect of pH-sensitive liposomes on HUVEC cell line was less than conventional liposomes. This study showed that both OA and PEG-PMMI-CholC6-based vesicles could submit pH-sensitive property, however, only PEG-PMMI-CholC6-based liposomes could preserve pH-sensitive property after incubation in plasma. As a result pH-sensitive PEG-PMMI-CholC6-based liposomal formulation can improve the selectivity, stability and antiproliferative effect of Rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Arami
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zhaleh Pourmoazzen
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Iran
| | - Arash Khorrami
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Liu J, Huang Y, Kumar A, Tan A, Jin S, Mozhi A, Liang XJ. pH-sensitive nano-systems for drug delivery in cancer therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2013; 32:693-710. [PMID: 24309541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 695] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been widely used in the development of new strategies for drug delivery and cancer therapy. Compared to traditional drug delivery systems, nano-based drug delivery system have greater potential in a variety of areas, such as multiple targeting functionalization, in vivo imaging, combined drug delivery, extended circulation time, and systemic control release. Nano-systems incorporating stimulus-responsive materials have remarkable properties which allow them to bypass biological barriers and achieve targeted intracellular drug delivery. As a result of the active metabolism of tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly acidic compared to normal tissues. pH-Sensitive nano-systems have now been developed in which drug release is specifically triggered by the acidic tumor environment. Studies have demonstrated that novel pH-sensitive drug delivery systems are capable of improving the efficiency of cancer treatment. A number of these have been translated from bench to clinical application and have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of various cancerous diseases. Herein, this review mainly focuses on pH-sensitive nano-systems, including advances in drug delivery, mechanisms of drug release, and possible improvements in drug absorption, with the emphasis on recent research in this field. With deeper understanding of the difference between normal and tumor tissues, it might be possible to design ever more promising pH-responsive nano-systems for drug delivery and cancer therapy in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuran Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Anil Kumar
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Shubin Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Anbu Mozhi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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Liu X, Huang G. Formation strategies, mechanism of intracellular delivery and potential clinical applications of pH-sensitive liposomes. Asian J Pharm Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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21
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Wu X, Wang Z, Zhu D, Zong S, Yang L, Zhong Y, Cui Y. pH and thermo dual-stimuli-responsive drug carrier based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles encapsulated in a copolymer-lipid bilayer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10895-903. [PMID: 24127854 DOI: 10.1021/am403092m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A pH and thermo dual-controllable composite structure was developed as a triggerable drug delivery carrier. In such a drug carrier, a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) acts as the drug loading core, while a layer of copolymer-lipid serves as the dual-responsive gating shell. Specifically, the copolymer-lipid bilayer consists of natural phospholipids (soy phosphatidylcholine, SPC) and the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-methacrylic acid-octadecyl acrylate) (p(NIPAM-MAA-ODA)) copolymer. With this structure, a high drug loading capacity and a sustained release effect could be provided by the MSN core, while a pH and thermo dual-responsive releasing ability could be offered by the copolymer-lipid bilayer. In addition, the introduction of SPC instead of the traditionally used phospholipids (such as dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) or dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)) results in a much lower cost and a better serum stability. Using doxorubicin (DOX) as the drug model, our results confirmed that either pH or temperature can trigger the drug release. However, much more drugs could be released by simultaneously controlling the pH and temperature. Furthermore, after being cocultured with cancer cells (MCF-7), the drug carriers transported DOX into the cells and exhibited a pH-sensitive release behavior. Since most tumor sites usually exhibit a more acidic environment or a higher temperature, the pH- and thermo-responsive releasing ability of this drug carrier is particularly useful and important for the targeted release at the tumor region. Thus, due to the powerful controlled releasing ability, the straightforward preparation method, and low cost, the demonstrated nanocarrier will have potential applications in controllable drug delivery and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Advanced Photonics Center, Southeast University , Nanjing 210096, China
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22
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Zhang H, Li RY, Lu X, Mou ZZ, Lin GM. Docetaxel-loaded liposomes: preparation, pH sensitivity, pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2013; 13:981-9. [PMID: 23225853 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1200098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX), as a member of taxoid family, has been widely used in the treatment of cancers. The present study prepared pH-sensitive DTX-loaded liposomes (DTX-Lips) by thin-film dispersion method and various physico-chemical and morphological properties were examined. The pH sensitivity of in vitro DTX release and the in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution using Kunming mice were also investigated. The mean particle size and zeta potential of DTX liposomes were (277±2) nm and (-32.60±0.26) mV, respectively. Additionally, in vitro drug release study showed that the cumulative release rate was 1.3 times more at pH 5.0 than at pH 7.4, suggesting a pH-dependent release ability of DTX-Lips. Pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical studies in comparison with Duopafei(®) showed that the half-time period (t(1/2)) and area under the curve (AUC) of DTX-Lips in mouse plasma were 1.8 times longer and 2.6 times higher, respectively, and that DTX-Lips selectively accumulated in macrophage-rich organs such as liver and spleen. These results together suggest that the DTX-Lips could be a promising formulation for the clinical administration of DTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Ghanbarzadeh S, Valizadeh H, Zakeri-Milani P. Application of response surface methodology in development of sirolimus liposomes prepared by thin film hydration technique. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2013; 3:75-81. [PMID: 23878790 DOI: 10.5681/bi.2013.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction : The present investigation was aimed to optimize the formulating process of sirolimus liposomes by thin film hydration method. Methods : In this study, a 3(2) factorial design method was used to investigate the influence of two independent variables in the preparation of sirolimus liposomes. The dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) /Cholesterol (Chol) and dioleoyl phosphoethanolamine(DOPE) /DPPC molar ratios were selected as the independent variables. Particle size (PS) and Encapsulation Efficiency (EE %) were selected as the dependent variables. To separate the un-encapsulated drug, dialysis method was used. Drug analysis was performed with a validated RP-HPLC method. Results : Using response surface methodology and based on the coefficient values obtained for independent variables in the regression equations, it was clear that the DPPC/Chol molar ratio was the major contributing variable in particle size and EE %. The use of a statistical approach allowed us to see individual and/or interaction effects of influencing parameters in order to obtain liposomes with desired properties and to determine the optimum experimental conditions that lead to the enhancement of characteristics. In the prediction of PS and EE % values, the average percent errors are found to be as 3.59 and 4.09%. This value is sufficiently low to confirm the high predictive power of model. Conclusion : Experimental results show that the observed responses were in close agreement with the predicted values and this demonstrates the reliability of the optimization procedure in prediction of PS and EE % in sirolimus liposomes preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghanbarzadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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pH-sensitive vesicles, polymeric micelles, and nanospheres prepared with polycarboxylates. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:979-92. [PMID: 21996056 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Titratable polyanions, and more particularly polymers bearing carboxylate groups, have been used in recent years to produce a variety of pH-sensitive colloids. These polymers undergo a coil-to-globule conformational change upon a variation in pH of the surrounding environment. This conformational change can be exploited to trigger the release of a drug from a drug delivery system in a pH-dependent fashion. This review describes the current status of pH-sensitive vesicles, polymeric micelles, and nanospheres prepared with polycarboxylates and their performance as nano-scale drug delivery systems, with emphasis on our recent contribution to this field.
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Cho EC. A Facile Synthesis of Discoidal Lipid Bilayer Nanostructure by Association of a Cationic Amphiphilic Polyelectrolyte. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.7.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhou W, An X, Wang J, Shen W, Chen Z, Wang X. Characteristics, phase behavior and control release for copolymer–liposome with both pH and temperature sensitivities. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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27
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Fathi M, Mozafari M, Mohebbi M. Nanoencapsulation of food ingredients using lipid based delivery systems. Trends Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Vanić Z, Barnert S, Süss R, Schubert R. Fusogenic activity of PEGylated pH-sensitive liposomes. J Liposome Res 2011; 22:148-57. [PMID: 22149717 DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2011.633267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the fusogenic properties of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylated dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine/cholesteryl hemisuccinate (DOPE/CHEMS) liposomes. These pH-sensitive liposomes were prepared by incorporating two different PEG lipids: distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE)-PEG₂₀₀₀ was mixed with the liposomal lipids using the conventional method, whereas sterol-PEG₁₁₀₀ was inserted into the outer monolayer of preformed vesicles. Both types of PEGylated liposomes were characterized and compared for their entrapment efficiency, zeta potential and size, and were tested in vitro for pH sensitivity by means of proton-induced leakage and membrane fusion activity. To mimic the routes of intracellular delivery, fusion between pH-sensitive liposomes and liposomes designed to simulate the endosomal membrane was studied. Our investigations confirmed that DOPE/CHEMS liposomes were capable of rapidly releasing calcein and of fusing upon acidification. However, after incorporation of DSPE-PEG₂₀₀₀ or sterol-PEG₁₁₀₀ into the membrane, pH sensitivity was significantly reduced; as the mol ratio of PEG-lipid was increased, the ability to fuse was decreased. Comparison between two different PEGylated pH-sensitive liposomes showed that only vesicles containing 0.6 mol% sterol-PEG₁₁₀₀ in the outer monolayer were still capable of fusing with the endosome-like liposomes and showing leakage of calcein at pH 5.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljka Vanić
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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29
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Zhou W, An X, Gong J, Shen W, Chen Z, Wang X. Synthesis, characteristics, and phase behavior of a thermosensitive and pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Ghosh S, Dey J. Interaction of sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate with N-alkylpyridinium chloride surfactants: spontaneous formation of pH-responsive, stable vesicles in aqueous mixtures. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 358:208-16. [PMID: 21420688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SLS) with N-cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and N-dodecylpyridinium chloride (DPC) was investigated in aqueous mixtures. A strong interaction between the anionic and cationic surfactants was observed. The interaction parameter, β was determined for a wide composition range and was found to be negative. The mixed systems were found to have much lower critical micelle concentration (cmc) and surface tension at cmc. The surfactant mixtures exhibit synergism in the range of molar fractions investigated. The self-assembly formation in the mixtures of different compositions and total concentrations were studied using a number of techniques, including surface tension, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal fluorescence microscopy (CFM). Thermodynamically stable unilamellar vesicles were observed to form upon mixing of the anionic and cationic surfactants in a wide range of composition and concentrations in buffered aqueous media. TEM as well as DLS measurements were performed to obtain shape and size of the vesicular structures, respectively. These unilamellar vesicles are stable for periods as long as 3 months and appear to be the equilibrium form of aggregation. Effect of pH, and temperature on the stability was investigated. The vesicular structures were observed to be stable at pH as low as 2.0 and at biological temperature (37°C). In presence of 10 mol% of cholesterol the mixed surfactant vesicles exhibited leakage of the encapsulated calcein dye, showing potential application in pH-triggered drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampad Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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31
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Ta T, Convertine AJ, Reyes CR, Stayton PS, Porter TM. Thermosensitive liposomes modified with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-propylacrylic acid) copolymers for triggered release of doxorubicin. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1915-20. [PMID: 20690704 DOI: 10.1021/bm1004993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel polymer-modified thermosensitive liposome (pTSL) was developed for the delivery of Doxorubicin (DOX) for cancer therapy. Copolymers containing temperature-responsive N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and pH-responsive propylacrylic acid (PAA) were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, yielding copolymers with dual pH/temperature-dependent phase transition properties. When attached to liposomes, these copolymers were membrane-disruptive in a pH/temperature-dependent manner. pTSL demonstrated enhanced release profile and significantly lower thermal dose threshold when compared to traditional thermosensitive formulations and were stable in serum with minimal drug leakage over time. These liposomes thus have the potential to dramatically reduce the risk of damage to healthy tissues that is normally associated with liposomal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Ta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Bertrand N, Simard P, Leroux JC. Serum-stable, long-circulating, pH-sensitive PEGylated liposomes. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 605:545-558. [PMID: 20072905 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-360-2_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
pH-sensitive liposomes have been designed to deliver active compounds, specifically to acidic intracellular organelles and to augment their cytoplasmic concentrations. These systems combine the protective effects of other liposomal formulations with specific environment-controlled drug release. They are stable at physiological pH, but abruptly discharge their contents when endocytosed into acidic compartments, allowing the drug to be released before it is exposed to the harsh environment of lysosomes. Serum-stable formulations with minimal leakage at physiological pH and rapid drug release at pH 5.0-5.5 can be easily prepared by inserting a hydrophobically modified N-isopropylacrylamide/methacrylic acid copolymer (poly(NIPAM-co-MAA)) in the lipid bilayer of sterically stabilized liposomes. The present chapter describes polymer synthesis, as well as the preparation, and characterization of large unilamelar pH-sensitive vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bertrand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Chen T, McIntosh D, He Y, Kim J, Tirrell DA, Scherrer P, Fenske DB, Sandhu AP, Cullis PR. Alkylated derivatives of poly(ethylacrylic acid) can be inserted into preformed liposomes and trigger pH-dependent intracellular delivery of liposomal contents. Mol Membr Biol 2009; 21:385-93. [PMID: 15764368 DOI: 10.1080/09687860400010516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylacrylic acid) (PEAA) is a pH-sensitive polymer that undergoes a transition from a hydrophilic to a hydrophobic form as the pH is lowered from neutral to acidic values. In this work we show that pH sensitive liposomes capable of intracellular delivery can be constructed by inserting a lipid derivative of PEAA into preformed large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) using a simple one step incubation procedure. The lipid derivatives of PEAA were synthesized by reacting a small proportion (3%) of the carboxylic groups of PEAA with C10 alkylamines to produce C10-PEAA. Incubation of C10-PEAA with preformed LUV resulted in the association of up to 8% by weight of derivatized polymer with the LUV without inducing aggregation. The resulting C10-PEAA-LUV exhibited pH-dependent fusion and leakage of LUV contents on reduction of the external pH below pH 6.0 as demonstrated by lipid mixing and release of calcein encapsulated in the LUV. In addition, C10-PEAA-LUV exhibited pH dependent intracellular delivery properties following uptake into COS-7 cells with appreciable delivery to the cell cytoplasm as evidenced by the appearance of diffuse intracellular calcein fluorescence. It is demonstrated that the cytoplasmic delivery of calcein by C10-PEAA-LUV could be inhibited by agents (bafilomycin or chloroquine) that inhibit acidification of endosomal compartments, indicating that this intracellular delivery resulted from the pH-dependent destabilization of LUV and endosomal membranes by the PEAA component of the C10-PEAA-LUV. It is concluded that C10-PEAA-LUV represents a promising intracellular delivery system for in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Vial F, Cousin F, Bouteiller L, Tribet C. Rate of permeabilization of giant vesicles by amphiphilic polyacrylates compared to the adsorption of these polymers onto large vesicles and tethered lipid bilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:7506-7513. [PMID: 19371041 DOI: 10.1021/la900261s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We examined by fluorescence microscopy the permeabilization of giant vesicles by hydrophobically modified polyacrylates (called amphipols). Amphipols trigger permeabilization to FITC-dextran of egg-PC/DPPA vesicles with no breakage of the lipid bilayers. The polyanionic amphipols were passing through bilayers as shown by permeabilization of multilamellar vesicles. Remarkably, the vesicles were not simultaneously permeable but became leaky one after the other. Altogether, our observations suggest a random formation of pores having diameters above a few nanometers. Decreasing pH and increasing ionic strength and polymer concentration were increasing the rate of permeabilization. The rate and efficiency of permeabilization was compared to the rate and density of adsorption of amphipols onto lipid membranes (as estimated by titration calorimetry onto large unilamellar vesicles and neutron reflectivity measurements on tethered bilayers). The polymer adsorption layer is built up in a few minutes. We conclude that the rate-limiting step for permeabilization is not the adsorption from the bulk solution but relates to slow intramembrane reorganizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vial
- Laboratoire de Physico-chimie des Polymères et des Milieux Dispersés, UPMC and CNRS UMR 7615, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France
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pH sensitivities of egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes and dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine liposomes triggered by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid-co-octadecylacrylate). Colloid Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-009-2065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Simard P, Leroux JC. pH-sensitive immunoliposomes specific to the CD33 cell surface antigen of leukemic cells. Int J Pharm 2009; 381:86-96. [PMID: 19446624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A promising avenue in cancer therapy using liposomal formulations is the combination of site-specific delivery with triggered drug release. The use of trigger mechanisms in liposomes could be relevant for drugs susceptible to lysosomal hydrolytic/enzymatic degradation. Here, we propose a polymeric pH-sensitive liposome system that is designed to release its content inside the endosomes through a polymer structural change following receptor-mediated internalization. Specifically, pH-sensitive immunoliposomes (ILs) were obtained by including a terminally alkylated copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) in the liposome bilayer and by coupling the anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody to target leukemic cells. In vitro release of encapsulated fluorescent probes and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) revealed that pH-sensitivity of the vector was retained in the presence of the antibody upon incubation in plasma. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy analyses demonstrated that the pH-sensitive ILs were efficiently internalized by various CD33+ leukemic cell lines while limited interaction was found for liposomes decorated with an isotype-matched control antibody. Finally, the pH-sensitive ILs-CD33 formulation exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against HL60 cells, confirming the role of the NIPAM copolymer in promoting the escape of intact ara-C in the endosomes. These results suggest that this pH-sensitive liposomal formulation could be beneficial in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Simard
- Canada Research Chair in Drug Delivery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, P.C. 6128 Downtown Station, Montreal (Qc), Canada H3C 3J7
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Bonacucina G, Cespi M, Misici-Falzi M, Palmieri GF. Colloidal soft matter as drug delivery system. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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40
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Drummond DC, Noble CO, Hayes ME, Park JW, Kirpotin DB. Pharmacokinetics and in vivo drug release rates in liposomal nanocarrier development. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:4696-740. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Han MR, Kwon MC, Lee HY, Kim JC, Kim JD, Yoo SK, Sin IS, Kim SM. pH-dependent release property of alginate beads containing calcium carbonate particles. J Microencapsul 2008; 24:787-96. [DOI: 10.1080/02652040701657820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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42
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Bikram M, West JL. Thermo-responsive systems for controlled drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2008; 5:1077-91. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.5.10.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Momekova D, Rangelov S, Lambov N, Karlsson G, Almgren M. Effects of Amphiphilic Copolymers Bearing Short Blocks of Lipid-Mimetic Units on the Membrane Properties and Morphology of DSPC Liposomes. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690701817750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Cho SM, Lee HY, Kim JC. pH-dependent release property of dioleoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine liposomes. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-008-0066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Sakaguchi N, Kojima C, Harada A, Kono K. Preparation of pH-Sensitive Poly(glycidol) Derivatives with Varying Hydrophobicities: Their Ability to Sensitize Stable Liposomes to pH. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:1040-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bc7004736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sakaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Chie Kojima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Atsushi Harada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenji Kono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Kang HC, Lee ES, Na K, Bae YH. Stimuli-Sensitive Nanosystems: For Drug and Gene Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76554-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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47
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Choi JH, Lee HY, Kim JC. pH-sensitivity and air/water interfacial activity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid-co-octadecyl acrylate). J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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48
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Long-circulating, pH-sensitive liposomes sterically stabilized by copolymers bearing short blocks of lipid-mimetic units. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 32:308-17. [PMID: 17928206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2007.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A major hurdle towards in vivo utilization of pH-sensitive liposomes is their prompt sequestration by reticuloendothelial system and hence short circulation time. Prolonged circulation of liposomes is usually achieved by incorporation of pegylated lipids, which have been frequently reported to deteriorate the acid-triggered release. In this study we evaluate the ability of four novel nonionic copolymers, bearing short blocks of lipid-mimetic units to provide steric stabilization of DOPE:CHEMs liposomes. The vesicles were prepared using the lipid film hydration method and extrusion, yielding liposomes of 120-160 nm in size. Their pH-sensitivity was monitored via the release of encapsulated calcein. The incorporation of the block copolymers at concentration up to 10 mol% did not deteriorate the pH-sensitivity of the liposomes. A selected formulation was tested for stability in presence of 25% human plasma and proved to significantly outclass the plain DOPE:CHEMs liposomes. The ability of calcein-loaded liposomes to deliver their cargo inside EJ cells was investigated using fluorescent microscopy and the results show that the surface-modified vesicles are as effective to ensure intracellular delivery as plain liposomes. The pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of a selected formulation, containing a copolymer bearing four lipid anchors was investigated in comparison to plain liposomes and PEG (2000)-DSPE stabilized liposomes. The juxtaposition of the blood clearance curves and the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters show that the block copolymer confers superior longevity in vivo. The block copolymers utilized in this study can be consider as promising sterically stabilizing agents for pH-sensitive liposomes.
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Cho EC, Lim HJ, Shim J, Park JY, Dan N, Kim J, Chang IS. Effect of polymer characteristics on structure of polymer–liposome complexes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 311:243-52. [PMID: 17382337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2006] [Revised: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we examined the effect of polymer characteristics on the structure of complexes formed between poly(methacrylic acid-co-n-alkyl methacrylate) and with phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposomes. We varied the polymer concentration in the vesicles, the preparation concentration of lipid and polymer components during preparation, the molecular weight of the polymer chain, the molecular weight of the polymer's hydrophobic side groups and their mole fraction. The vesicle behavior indicated polymer-free bilayers and bilayers complexed with polymer coexisted at low polymer concentrations. As the polymer concentration exceeds a critical level, however, the system became homogeneous, indicating bilayer uniformity of the bilayer. As the polymer content was raised, the vesicle size and fluidity increased, and the transition temperature decreased. We found that the vesicle size mostly affects the membrane fluidity. We also found that the thermal properties (transition temperature and the magnitude of heat capacity of the peak, DeltaCp) are governed by the effects of the polymer on the structure of bilayer. The length of the alkyl chain of the polymer is shown to significantly affect the structure of polymer-liposome complexes, as did the chain molecular weight and mole concentration of hydrophobic group in the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chul Cho
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation/R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea.
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Karanth H, Murthy RSR. pH-sensitive liposomes--principle and application in cancer therapy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2007; 59:469-83. [PMID: 17430630 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.59.4.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an insight into the different aspects of pH-sensitive liposomes. The review consists of 6 parts: the first introduces different types of medications made in liposomal drug delivery to overcome several drawbacks; the second elaborates the development of pH-sensitive liposomes; the third explains diverse mechanisms associated with the endocytosis and the cytosolic delivery of the drugs through pH-sensitive liposomes; the fourth describes the role and importance of pH-sensitive lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and research carried on it; the fifth explains successful strategies used so far using the mechanism of pH sensitivity for fusogenic activity; the final part is a compilation of research that has played a significant role in emphasizing the success of pH-sensitive liposomes as an efficient drug delivery system in the treatment of malignant tumours. pH-Sensitive liposomes have been extensively studied in recent years as an amicable alternative to conventional liposomes in effectively targeting and accumulating anti-cancer drugs in tumours. This research suggests that pH-sensitive liposomes are more efficient in delivering anti-cancer drugs than conventional and long-circulating liposomes due to their fusogenic property. Research focused on the clinical and therapeutic side of pH-sensitive liposomes would enable their commercial utility in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Karanth
- New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Donors' Plaza, Opp. University Main Office, M S University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, India
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