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Banerjee T, Gosai A, Yousefi N, Garibay OO, Seal S, Balasubramanian G. Examining sialic acid derivatives as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6342-6358. [PMID: 37424217 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2234044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has been the primary reason behind the COVID-19 global pandemic which has affected millions of lives worldwide. The fundamental cause of the infection is the molecular binding of the viral spike protein receptor binding domain (SP-RBD) with the human cell angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The infection can be prevented if the binding of RBD-ACE2 is resisted by utilizing certain inhibitors or drugs that demonstrate strong binding affinity towards the SP RBD. Sialic acid based glycans found widely in human cells and tissues have notable propensity of binding to viral proteins of the coronaviridae family. Recent experimental literature have used N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Sialic acid) to create diagnostic sensors for SARS-CoV-2, but a detailed interrogation of the underlying molecular mechanisms is warranted. Here, we perform all atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the complexes of certain Sialic acid-based molecules with that of SP RBD of SARS CoV-2. Our results indicate that Sialic acid not only reproduces a binding affinity comparable to the RBD-ACE2 interactions, it also assumes the longest time to dissociate completely from the protein binding pocket of SP RBD. Our predictions corroborate that a combination of electrostatic and van der Waals energies as well the polar hydrogen bond interactions between the RBD residues and the inhibitors influence free energy of binding.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanumoy Banerjee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | - Niloofar Yousefi
- Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ozlem Ozmen Garibay
- Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Sudipta Seal
- College of Medicine, Bionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ganesh Balasubramanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
- Institute of Functional Materials & Devices and College of Health, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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2
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Purder P, Meyners C, Sugiarto WO, Kolos J, Löhr F, Gebel J, Nehls T, Dötsch V, Lermyte F, Hausch F. Deconstructing Protein Binding of Sulfonamides and Sulfonamide Analogues. JACS AU 2023; 3:2478-2486. [PMID: 37772190 PMCID: PMC10523370 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonamides are one of the most important pharmacophores in medicinal chemistry, and sulfonamide analogues have gained substantial interest in recent years. However, the protein interactions of sulfonamides and especially of their analogues are underexplored. Using FKBP12 as a model system, we describe the synthesis of optically pure sulfenamide, sulfinamide, and sulfonimidamide analogues of a well characterized sulfonamide ligand. This allowed us to precisely determine the binding contributions of each sulfonamide oxygen atom and the consequences of nitrogen replacements. We also present high-resolution cocrystal structures of sulfonamide analogues buried in the pocket of a protein target. This revealed intimate contacts with the protein including an unprecedented hydrogen bond acceptor of sulfonimidamides. The use of sulfonamide analogues enabled new exit vectors that allowed remodeling of a subpocket in FKBP12. Our results illuminate the protein interaction potential of sulfonamides/sulfonamide analogues and will aid in their rational design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
L. Purder
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wisely Oki Sugiarto
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kolos
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Frank Löhr
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jakob Gebel
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Nehls
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Volker Dötsch
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology, Technical University
of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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3
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Eberhardt J, Forli S. WaterKit: Thermodynamic Profiling of Protein Hydration Sites. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:2535-2556. [PMID: 37094087 PMCID: PMC10732097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Water desolvation is one of the key components of the free energy of binding of small molecules to their receptors. Thus, understanding the energetic balance of solvation and desolvation resulting from individual water molecules can be crucial when estimating ligand binding, especially when evaluating different molecules and poses as done in High-Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS). Over the most recent decades, several methods were developed to tackle this problem, ranging from fast approximate methods (usually empirical functions using either discrete atom-atom pairwise interactions or continuum solvent models) to more computationally expensive and accurate ones, mostly based on Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, such as Grid Inhomogeneous Solvation Theory (GIST) or Double Decoupling. On one hand, MD-based methods are prohibitive to use in HTVS to estimate the role of waters on the fly for each ligand. On the other hand, fast and approximate methods show an unsatisfactory level of accuracy, with low agreement with results obtained with the more expensive methods. Here we introduce WaterKit, a new grid-based sampling method with explicit water molecules to calculate thermodynamic properties using the GIST method. Our results show that the discrete placement of water molecules is successful in reproducing the position of crystallographic waters with very high accuracy, as well as providing thermodynamic estimates with accuracy comparable to more expensive MD simulations. Unlike these methods, WaterKit can be used to analyze specific regions on the protein surface, (such as the binding site of a receptor), without having to hydrate and simulate the whole receptor structure. The results show the feasibility of a general and fast method to compute thermodynamic properties of water molecules, making it well-suited to be integrated in high-throughput pipelines such as molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Eberhardt
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Stefano Forli
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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4
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Xu M, Shen C, Yang J, Wang Q, Huang N. Systematic Investigation of Docking Failures in Large-Scale Structure-Based Virtual Screening. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39417-39428. [PMID: 36340123 PMCID: PMC9632257 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, large-scale structure-based virtual screening has attracted increasing levels of interest for identification of novel compounds corresponding to potential drug targets. It is critical to understand the strengths and weaknesses of docking algorithms to increase the success rate in practical applications. Here, we systematically investigated the docking successes and failures of two representative docking programs: UCSF DOCK 3.7 and AutoDock Vina. DOCK 3.7 performed better in early enrichment on the Directory of Useful Decoys: Enhanced (DUD-E) data set, although both docking methods were roughly comparable in overall enrichment performance. DOCK 3.7 also showed superior computational efficiency. Intriguingly, the Vina scoring function showed a bias toward compounds with higher molecular weights. Both the tested docking approaches yielded incorrectly predicted ligand binding poses caused by the limitations of torsion sampling. Based on a careful analysis of docking results from six representative cases, we propose the reasons underlying docking failures; furthermore, we provide a few solutions, representing practical guidance for large-scale virtual screening campaigns and future docking algorithm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- College
of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Cheng Shen
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
- Graduate
School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 9, Dongdan Santiao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jincai Yang
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qing Wang
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Niu Huang
- National
Institute of Biological Sciences, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science
Park, Beijing 102206, China
- Tsinghua
Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
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5
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Joshi DC, Gosse C, Huang SY, Lin JH. A Curvilinear-Path Umbrella Sampling Approach to Characterizing the Interactions Between Rapamycin and Three FKBP12 Variants. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:879000. [PMID: 35874613 PMCID: PMC9304761 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.879000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant macrolide that exhibits anti-proliferative properties through inhibiting the mTOR kinase. In fact, the drug first associates with the FKBP12 enzyme before interacting with the FRB domain of its target. Despite the availability of structural and thermodynamic information on the interaction of FKBP12 with rapamycin, the energetic and mechanistic understanding of this process is still incomplete. We recently reported a multiple-walker umbrella sampling simulation approach to characterizing the protein–protein interaction energetics along curvilinear paths. In the present paper, we extend our investigations to a protein-small molecule duo, the FKBP12•rapamycin complex. We estimate the binding free energies of rapamycin with wild-type FKBP12 and two mutants in which a hydrogen bond has been removed, D37V and Y82F. Furthermore, the underlying mechanistic details are analyzed. The calculated standard free energies of binding agree well with the experimental data, and the roles of the hydrogen bonds are shown to be quite different for each of these two mutated residues. On one hand, removing the carboxylate group of D37 strongly destabilizes the association; on the other hand, the hydroxyl group of Y82 is nearly unnecessary for the stability of the complex because some nonconventional, cryptic, indirect interaction mechanisms seem to be at work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlie Gosse
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Shu-Yu Huang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsin Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, National Biotechnology Research Park, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Engineering Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Jung-Hsin Lin,
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6
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de la Sierra-Gallay IL, Belnou M, Chambraud B, Genet M, van Tilbeurgh H, Aumont-Nicaise M, Desmadril M, Baulieu EE, Jacquot Y, Byrne C. Bioinspired Hybrid Fluorescent Ligands for the FK1 Domain of FKBP52. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10330-10338. [PMID: 32866001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The protein FKBP52 is a steroid hormone receptor coactivator likely involved in neurodegenerative disease. A series of small, water-soluble, bioinspired, pseudopeptidic fluorescent ligands for the FK1 domain of this protein are described. The design is such that engulfing of the ligand in the pocket of this domain is accompanied by hydrogen-bonding of the dansyl chromophore which functions as both an integral part of the ligand and a fluorescent reporter. Binding is concomitant with a significant wavelength shift and an enhancement of the ligand fluorescence signal. Excitation of FK1 domain native tryptophan residues in the presence of bound ligand results in Förster resonance energy transfer. Variation of key ligand residues within the short sequence was undertaken, and the interaction of the resulting library with the protein was measured by techniques including isothermal calorimetry analysis, fluorescence, and FRET quenching, and a range of Kd values were determined. Cocrystallization of a protein ligand complex at 2.30 Å resolution provided detailed information at the atomic scale, while also providing insight into native substrate binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Li de la Sierra-Gallay
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS UMR9198, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Mathilde Belnou
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Melanie Genet
- Institut Baulieu, INSERM UMR 1195, Neuroprotection et Neurorégénération, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Herman van Tilbeurgh
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS UMR9198, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Magali Aumont-Nicaise
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS UMR9198, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Michel Desmadril
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CNRS UMR9198, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Etienne-Emile Baulieu
- Institut Baulieu, INSERM UMR 1195, Neuroprotection et Neurorégénération, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Yves Jacquot
- Cibles Thérapeutiques et Conception de Médicaments (CiTCoM), CNRS UMR 8038, INSERM U1268, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Paris Descartes, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Cillian Byrne
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005 Paris, France.,Institut Baulieu, INSERM UMR 1195, Neuroprotection et Neurorégénération, Université Paris-Saclay, 94270Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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7
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Beom JY, Jung JA, Lee KT, Hwangbo A, Song MC, Lee Y, Lee SJ, Oh JH, Ha SJ, Nam SJ, Cheong E, Bahn YS, Yoon YJ. Biosynthesis of Nonimmunosuppressive FK506 Analogues with Antifungal Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2078-2086. [PMID: 31321978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A reduction in the strong immunosuppressive activity of FK506 (1) is essential for developing this compound as an antifungal agent. Seven new FK506 analogues modified at both the FK506-binding protein 12- and the calcineurin-binding regions were biosynthesized. 9-DeoxoFK520 (7) exhibited a >900-fold reduction in the in vitro immunosuppressive activity but maintained significant antifungal activity, indicating that the C-9 and C-21 positions are critical for separation of immunosuppressive and antifungal activities. 7 exhibited robust synergistic antifungal activity with fluconazole. FK506 (1) is a 23-membered macrolide produced by several Streptomyces species and is used as an immunosuppressive drug to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs. FK506 has also exhibited antifungal, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative activities. In humans, FK506 binds to FK506-binding protein (FKBP) 12, and the resulting FKBP12-FK506 complex interacts with a Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin (CaN). Inactivation of CaN by forming the FKBP12-FK506-CaN ternary complex prevents the activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT), inhibiting the production of interleukin-2 and subsequent T-cell proliferation. This CaN signaling pathway also plays a critical role in the growth and pathogenesis of major fungal pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Therefore, the synthesis of FK506 analogues that can discriminate human FKBP12/CaN from its fungal counterparts may separate antifungal activity from the immunosuppressive activity, thereby allowing the development of a novel antifungal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Beom
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jin A Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Areum Hwangbo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Chong Song
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Cheong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sun Bahn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Joon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
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8
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Kist R, Timmers LFSM, Caceres RA. Searching for potential mTOR inhibitors: Ligand-based drug design, docking and molecular dynamics studies of rapamycin binding site. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 80:251-263. [PMID: 29414044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an important intracellular signaling pathway in cell cycle regulation and its dysregulation is associated with various types of diseases. mTOR (mechanistic or mammalian target of rapamycin) is the main enzyme that performs intermediate control of the signaling pathway through a phosphotransfer process. The classical inhibition of the mTOR pathway is effected by rapamycin and its analogous blocking allosterically the catalytic phosphorylation site, avoiding the deleterious side effects induced by ATP-competitive inhibitors. We employed ligand-based drug design strategies such as pharmacophore searching and analysis, molecular docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMETox) properties filtering, and molecular dynamics to select potential molecules to become non-ATP competitive inhibitors of the mTOR complex. According to our findings, we propose eight novel potential mTOR inhibitors with similar or better properties than the classic inhibitor complex, rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Kist
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences of Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre City, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Saraiva Macedo Timmers
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Modelling and Simulation of Biosystems-LABIO, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul-PUCRS, Porto Alegre City, Brazil; Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology (PPGBCM), PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Caceres
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences of Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre City, Brazil; Pharmacosciences Department of Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre City, Brazil.
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9
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The immunophilin FKBP12 inhibits hepcidin expression by binding the BMP type I receptor ALK2 in hepatocytes. Blood 2017; 130:2111-2120. [PMID: 28864813 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-04-780692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of the key regulator of iron homeostasis hepcidin is activated by the BMP-SMAD pathway in response to iron and inflammation and among drugs, by rapamycin, which inhibits mTOR in complex with the immunophilin FKBP12. FKBP12 interacts with BMP type I receptors to avoid uncontrolled signaling. By pharmacologic and genetic studies, we identify FKBP12 as a novel hepcidin regulator. Sequestration of FKBP12 by rapamycin or tacrolimus activates hepcidin both in vitro and in murine hepatocytes. Acute tacrolimus treatment transiently increases hepcidin in wild-type mice. FKBP12 preferentially targets the BMP receptor ALK2. ALK2 mutants defective in binding FKBP12 increase hepcidin expression in a ligand-independent manner, through BMP-SMAD signaling. ALK2 free of FKBP12 becomes responsive to the noncanonical inflammatory ligand Activin A. Our results identify a novel hepcidin regulator and a potential therapeutic target to increase defective BMP signaling in disorders of low hepcidin.
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10
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Comparing pharmacophore models derived from crystal structures and from molecular dynamics simulations. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016; 147:553-563. [PMID: 27069282 PMCID: PMC4785218 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pharmacophore modeling is a widely used technique in computer-aided drug discovery. Structure-based pharmacophore models of a ligand in complex with a protein have proven to be useful for supporting in silico hit discovery, hit to lead expansion, and lead optimization. As a structure-based approach it depends on the correct interpretation of ligand-protein interactions. There are legitimate concerns about the fidelity of the bound ligand and about non-physiological contacts with parts of the crystal and the solvent effects that influence the protein structure. A possible way to refine the structure of a protein-ligand system is to use the final structure of a given MD simulation. In this study we compare pharmacophore models built using the initial protein-ligand structure obtained from the protein data bank (PDB) with pharmacophore models built with the final structure of a molecular dynamics simulation. We show that the pharmacophore models differ in feature number and feature type and that the pharmacophore models built from the last structure of a MD simulation shows in some cases better ability to distinguish between active and decoy ligand structures. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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11
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Ladani ST, Souffrant MG, Barman A, Hamelberg D. Computational perspective and evaluation of plausible catalytic mechanisms of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1994-2004. [PMID: 25585011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerization of the protein backbone is involved in the regulation of many biological processes. Cis-trans isomerization is notoriously slow and is catalyzed by a family of cis-trans peptidyl prolyl isomerases (PPIases) that have been implicated in many diseases. A general consensus on how these enzymes speed up prolyl isomerization has not been reached after decades of both experimental and computational studies. SCOPE OF REVIEW Computational studies carried out to understand the catalytic mechanism of the prototypical FK506 binding protein 12, Cyclophilin A and peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) are reviewed. A summary and an evaluation of the implications of the proposed mechanisms from computational studies are presented. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The analysis of computational studies and evaluation of the proposed mechanisms provide a general consensus and a better understanding of PPIase catalysis. The speedup of the rate of peptidyl-prolyl isomerization by PPIases can be best described by a catalytic mechanism in which the substrate in transition state configuration is stabilized. The enzymes preferentially bind the transition state configuration of the substrate relative to the cis conformation, which in most cases is bound better than the trans conformation of the substrate. Stabilization of the transition state configuration of the substrate leads to a lower free energy barrier and a faster rate of isomerization when compared to the uncatalyzed isomerization reaction. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Fully understanding the catalytic mechanism of PPIases has broad implications for drug design, elucidation of the molecular basis of many diseases, protein engineering, and enzyme catalysis in general. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Proline-directed Foldases: Cell Signaling Catalysts and Drug Targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safieh Tork Ladani
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-3965, USA
| | - Michael G Souffrant
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-3965, USA
| | - Arghya Barman
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-3965, USA
| | - Donald Hamelberg
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-3965, USA.
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12
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Singh V, Nand A, Sarita S. Universal screening platform using three-dimensional small molecule microarray based on surface plasmon resonance imaging. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we report a potent methodology for drug screening on a three-dimensional (3D) surface using a carbene based photo-cross-linking reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjeet Singh
- Center for Drug Delivery System
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Amita Nand
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy
- of Sciences
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13
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Structure-affinity properties of a high-affinity ligand of FKBP12 studied by molecular simulations of a binding intermediate. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114610. [PMID: 25502559 PMCID: PMC4264844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With a view to explaining the structure-affinity properties of the ligands of the protein FKBP12, we characterized a binding intermediate state between this protein and a high-affinity ligand. Indeed, the nature and extent of the intermolecular contacts developed in such a species may play a role on its stability and, hence, on the overall association rate. To find the binding intermediate, a molecular simulation protocol was used to unbind the ligand by gradually decreasing the biasing forces introduced. The intermediate was subsequently refined with 17 independent stochastic boundary molecular dynamics simulations that provide a consistent picture of the intermediate state. In this state, the core region of the ligand remains stable, notably because of the two anchoring oxygen atoms that correspond to recurrent motifs found in all FKBP12 ligand core structures. Besides, the non-core regions participate in numerous transient intermolecular and intramolecular contacts. The dynamic aspect of most of the contacts seems important both for the ligand to retain at least a part of its configurational entropy and for avoiding a trapped state along the binding pathway. Since the transient and anchoring contacts contribute to increasing the stability of the intermediate, as a corollary, the dissociation rate constant of this intermediate should be decreased, resulting in an increase of the affinity constant . The present results support our previous conclusions and provide a coherent rationale for explaining the prevalence in high-affinity ligands of (i) the two oxygen atoms found in carbonyl or sulfonyl groups of dissimilar core structures and of (ii) symmetric or pseudo-symmetric mobile groups of atoms found as non-core moieties. Another interesting aspect of the intermediate is the distortion of the flexible 80 s loop of the protein, mainly in its tip region, that promotes the accessibility to the bound state.
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14
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Singh V, Nand A, Chen C, Li Z, Li SJ, Wang S, Yang M, Merino A, Zhang L, Zhu J. Echinomycin, a Potential Binder of FKBP12, Shows Minor Effect on Calcineurin Activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:1275-81. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057114544742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Echinomycin, a member of the quinoxaline family of antibiotics, is known to be a small-molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor–1 (HIF-1) DNA binding activity. Recently, it has been shown to suppress mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and growth in leukemia cell lines. In this study, we investigated whether echinomycin interacts with the FKBP12 protein. Molecular docking was used, and the predicted binding energy was −10.61 kcal/mol. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance imaging and fluorescence quenching techniques were used to validate this interaction. Echinomycin binds to FKBP12 with a strong binding affinity comparable with rapamycin. Furthermore, the echinomycin-FKBP12 complex has been shown to affect calcineurin activity when tested in a calcineurin phosphatase inhibition assay. All of these studies have shown that echinomycin may have a double impact on HIF signaling by direct inhibition and through mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikramjeet Singh
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Amita Nand
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caixia Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZhiPeng Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songbai Wang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mo Yang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alejandro Merino
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Zhu
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Olivieri L, Gardebien F. Classical force field parameters for two high-affinity ligands of FKBP12. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 49:118-28. [PMID: 24657432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
FKBP12 is an important target in the treatment of transplant rejection and is also a promising target for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We determined for two ligands of nanomolar affinity the set of parameters in the CHARMM force field. The fitting procedure was based on reproducing the quantum chemistry data (distances, angles, and energies). Since the dynamical behavior of such ligands strongly depends on the dihedral angles, care was taken to derive the corresponding parameters. Moreover, since each of the central core region of these two ligands is similar to other known ligands or drugs of other proteins, part at least of these parameters could also be useful for these other ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Olivieri
- DSIMB, INSERM, U1134, Paris F-75015, France; Université de la Réunion, UMR_S 1134, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, Réunion; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, F-75015 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex
| | - Fabrice Gardebien
- DSIMB, INSERM, U1134, Paris F-75015, France; Université de la Réunion, UMR_S 1134, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, Réunion; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, F-75015 Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex.
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16
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Galat A. Functional diversity and pharmacological profiles of the FKBPs and their complexes with small natural ligands. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:3243-75. [PMID: 23224428 PMCID: PMC11113493 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
From 5 to 12 FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) are encoded in the genomes of disparate marine organisms, which appeared at the dawn of evolutionary events giving rise to primordial multicellular organisms with elaborated internal body plan. Fifteen FKBPs, several FKBP-like proteins and some splicing variants of them are expressed in humans. Human FKBP12 and some of its paralogues bind to different macrocyclic antibiotics such as FK506 or rapamycin and their derivatives. FKBP12/(macrocyclic antibiotic) complexes induce diverse pharmacological activities such as immunosuppression in humans, anticancerous actions and as sustainers of quiescence in certain organisms. Since the FKBPs bind to various assemblies of proteins and other intracellular components, their complexes with the immunosuppressive drugs may differentially perturb miscellaneous cellular functions. Sequence-structure relationships and pharmacological profiles of diverse FKBPs and their involvement in crucial intracellular signalization pathways and modulation of cryptic intercellular communication networks were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Galat
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, Bat. 152, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
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17
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Martina MR, Tenori E, Bizzarri M, Menichetti S, Caminati G, Procacci P. The precise chemical-physical nature of the pharmacore in FK506 binding protein inhibition: ElteX, a New class of nanomolar FKBP12 ligands. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1041-51. [PMID: 23301792 DOI: 10.1021/jm3015052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to its central role in immunosuppression and cell proliferation and due to its specific peptidyl-prolyl-isomerase (PPI) function, the FKBP protein family is at the crossroad of several important metabolic pathways. Members of this family, and notably FK506 binding protein (FKBP12), are thought to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as in proliferation disorders and cancer. Using an interdisciplinary approach based on computational, synthetic, and experimental techniques, we show that the best potential binders for FKBP proteins optimally expose the two contiguous carbonyl oxygen in the proline-mimetic chain for FKBP docking and are characterized by the abundance of rigid quasi-cyclic structures stabilized in aqueous solution by intraligand hydrophobic interactions mimicking the macrolide structure of the natural FKBP binders FK506 and Rapamycin. These peculiar structural and chemical-physical features define at the same time an ElteX compound and the minimal pharmacore in the FKBP family, shedding new light on the isomerization mechanism of the PPI domain. On the basis of the above hypothesis, we have successfully designed and synthesized several nanomolar ElteX FKBP12 ligands. Among these, ElteN378 is a new low atomic weight ligand with affinity comparable to that of the macrolide Rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Raffaella Martina
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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18
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Gopalakrishnan R, Kozany C, Wang Y, Schneider S, Hoogeland B, Bracher A, Hausch F. Exploration of pipecolate sulfonamides as binders of the FK506-binding proteins 51 and 52. J Med Chem 2012; 55:4123-31. [PMID: 22455398 DOI: 10.1021/jm201747c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
FK506-binding proteins (FKBP) 51 and 52 are cochaperones that modulate the signal transduction of steroid hormone receptors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding FKBP51 have been associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders. Rapamycin and FK506 are two macrocyclic natural products, which tightly bind to most FKBP family members, including FKBP51 and FKBP52. A bioisosteric replacement of the α-ketoamide moiety of rapamycin and FK506 with a sulfonamide was envisaged with the retention of the conserved hydrogen bonds. A focused solid support-based synthesis protocol was developed, which led to ligands with submicromolar affinity for FKBP51 and FKBP52. The molecular binding mode for one sulfonamide analogue was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.
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19
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The structure of a Burkholderia pseudomallei immunophilin-inhibitor complex reveals new approaches to antimicrobial development. Biochem J 2011; 437:413-22. [PMID: 21574961 DOI: 10.1042/bj20110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mips (macrophage infectivity potentiators) are a subset of immunophilins associated with virulence in a range of micro-organisms. These proteins possess peptidylprolyl isomerase activity and are inhibited by drugs including rapamycin and tacrolimus. We determined the structure of the Mip homologue [BpML1 (Burkholderia pseudomallei Mip-like protein 1)] from the human pathogen and biowarfare threat B. pseudomallei by NMR and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure suggests that key catalytic residues in the BpML1 active site have unexpected conformational flexibility consistent with a role in catalysis. The structure further revealed BpML1 binding to a helical peptide, in a manner resembling the physiological interaction of human TGFβRI (transforming growth factor β receptor I) with the human immunophilin FKBP12 (FK506-binding protein 12). Furthermore, the structure of BpML1 bound to the class inhibitor cycloheximide N-ethylethanoate showed that this inhibitor mimics such a helical peptide, in contrast with the extended prolyl-peptide mimicking shown by inhibitors such as tacrolimus. We suggest that Mips, and potentially other bacterial immunophilins, participate in protein-protein interactions in addition to their peptidylprolyl isomerase activity, and that some roles of Mip proteins in virulence are independent of their peptidylprolyl isomerase activity.
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20
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Targeting FKBP isoforms with small-molecule ligands. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2011; 11:365-71. [PMID: 21803654 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The FK506 binding protein (FKBP) family of proteins provide an interesting series of drug targets since different isoforms modulate diverse cellular pathways. There are therapeutic opportunities in the fields of cancer therapy, neurodegenerative conditions and psychiatric disorders. X-ray crystallographic or NMR data are available for eight of fourteen human FKBPs covering ten of the twenty-two different FKBP domains. We have made a detailed sequence and structural comparison of human FKBP domains. These data show that the chemical scaffolds common to the immunosuppressive inhibitors FK506 and rapamycin bind to the most conserved region of the binding site. This observation opens the way to the design of isoform specific inhibitors.
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21
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Bracher A, Kozany C, Thost AK, Hausch F. Structural characterization of the PPIase domain of FKBP51, a cochaperone of human Hsp90. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D: BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2011; 67:549-59. [PMID: 21636895 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444911013862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormone receptors are key components of mammalian stress and sex hormone systems. Many of them rely on the Hsp90 chaperone system for full function and are further fine-tuned by Hsp90-associated peptidyl-prolyl isomerases such as FK506-binding proteins 51 and 52. FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) has been shown to reduce glucocorticoid receptor signalling and has been genetically associated with human stress resilience and with numerous psychiatric disorders. The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase domain of FKBP51 contains a high-affinity binding site for the natural products FK506 and rapamycin and has further been shown to convey most of the inhibitory activity on the glucocorticoid receptor. FKBP51 has therefore become a prime new target for the treatment of stress-related affective disorders that could be amenable to structure-based drug design. Here, a series of high-resolution structures of the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase domain of FKBP51 as well as a cocrystal structure with the prototypic ligand FK506 are described. These structures provide a detailed picture of the drug-binding domain of FKBP51 and the molecular binding mode of its ligand as a starting point for the rational design of improved inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bracher
- Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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22
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Olivieri L, Gardebien F. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of a Binding Intermediate between FKBP12 and a High-Affinity Ligand. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:725-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ct100394d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Olivieri
- DSIMB, INSERM, U665, Paris, F-75015, France, DSIMB, INSERM, U665, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, La Réunion, France, INTS, Paris, F-75015, France, and Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, La Réunion, France
| | - Fabrice Gardebien
- DSIMB, INSERM, U665, Paris, F-75015, France, DSIMB, INSERM, U665, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, La Réunion, France, INTS, Paris, F-75015, France, and Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint Denis Messag Cedex 09, La Réunion, France
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23
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Gopinath SCB, Awazu K, Fons P, Tominaga J, Kumar PKR. A sensitive multilayered structure suitable for biosensing on the BioDVD platform. Anal Chem 2009; 81:4963-70. [PMID: 19453160 DOI: 10.1021/ac802757z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several technologies are currently available for the analysis of biomolecular interactions with high sensitivity and efficiency. However, these instruments are invariably expensive and, thus, are not suitable for bedside analyses. To circumvent this issue, we have previously reported a BioDVD platform that allowed us to use a DVD mechanism to monitor various biomolecular interactions [Gopinath et al., 2008, ACS Nano 2, 1885-1895]. In the present study, to improve the sensitivity of the BioDVD platform for various analyses, we have performed computer simulations to optimize the ZnS-SiO(2) layer thicknesses and determined an optimized optical interferometric response after adjusting the ZnS-SiO(2) layer thickness to 65 and 60 nm for the inner and outer layer thicknesses, respectively. Biomolecular interaction analyses performed with the optimized BioDVD disks revealed a 3-fold improvement in the sensitivity, compared to our previously reported multilayered structure. In this study, we have also shown that the BioDVD platform is suitable not only for analyzing nucleic acid hybridization and interactions between RNA-small ligands and RNA-proteins, but also for antigen-antibody interactions. Furthermore, our evaluations revealed that each sample required no more than 10 tracks of data to analyze the biomolecular interactions on the BioDVD platform, which permits a greater number of spots per BioDVD disk and also reduces the time needed to measure the biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C B Gopinath
- Center for Applied Near Field Optics Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
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24
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Saruta K, Ogiku T, Fukase K. Traceless solid-phase synthesis of multiple sulfonamide-containing cyclic sulfides exploiting microwave irradiation. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Gopinath SCB, Awazu K, Tominaga J, Kumar PKR. Monitoring biomolecular interactions on a digital versatile disk: a BioDVD platform technology. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1885-95. [PMID: 19206429 DOI: 10.1021/nn800285p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
A spinning-disk biosensor utilizing optical interference of reflected light from a multilayered structure, consisting of dielectric, metal, and optical phase-change thin films, is shown to have the potential to monitor various interactions on its surface. We refer to this platform as a BioDVD, since it utilizes the optical system of a digital versatile disk (DVD) to measure changes in reflected light intensity. Here, we demonstrated that nucleic acid hybridization and RNA-protein interactions can be analyzed efficiently, in a label-free environment, by measuring the reflected light intensity using a DVD-like mechanism. Moreover, our studies revealed that the detection sensitivity for the interactions on the BioDVD can be altered by shifting the state of the phase-change materials, where the amorphous state can be used for analysis and another state (crystalline) can be used both for recording information and selectively masking areas of the disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C B Gopinath
- Center for Applied Near Field Optics Research, Central 4, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, 305-8562, Japan
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26
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Cheng MH, Coalson RD, Cascio M. Molecular dynamics simulations of ethanol binding to the transmembrane domain of the glycine receptor: Implications for the channel potentiation mechanism. Proteins 2007; 71:972-81. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.21784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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27
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Lyutova EM, Kasakov AS, Gurvits BY. Chaperone-like activity of immunophilin FKBP12 from bovine brain, a cytoplasmic receptor of immunosuppressor FK506. NEUROCHEM J+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s181971240703004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Wear MA, Patterson A, Walkinshaw MD. A kinetically trapped intermediate of FK506 binding protein forms in vitro: Chaperone machinery dominates protein folding in vivo. Protein Expr Purif 2007; 51:80-95. [PMID: 16908189 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have characterised the stability, binding and enzymatic properties of three human FK506 binding proteins (FKBP-12) differing only by the length and sequence of their N-terminus. One construct has a short hexa-his tag (6H-FKBP12); the second longer fusion protein (6HL-FKBP12) contains an additional thrombin protease cleavage site; the third has the long fusion tag removed and is essentially native FKBP-12 (cFKBP12). The proteins were purified both under native conditions and also using a refolding protocol. All three natively purified proteins have, within experimental error, the same peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity (k(cat)/K(m) approximately 1 x 10(6)M(-1)s(-1)), and bind a natural inhibitor, rapamycin, with the same high affinity (K(d) approximately 6 nM). However, refolding of the protein containing the longer tag in vitro results in reduced PPIase activity (the k(cat)/K(m) was reduced from 1 x 10(6)M(-1)s(-1) to 0.81 x 10(6)M(-1)s(-1)) and a 6-fold affinity loss for rapamycin. Addition of both the long and short N-terminal his-tags slows the refolding kinetics of FKBP-12. However, the shorter his-tagged fusion protein regains fully native activity (> or =95%) while the longer regains only approximately 80-85% of native activity. Equilibrium urea denaturation titrations, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), analytical gel-filtration, and fluorescence binding data show that this loss of activity is not due to gross misfolding events, but is rather caused by the formation of a stable but subtly misfolded protein that has reduced peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity and reduced affinity for rapamycin. The difference in behaviour between the in vitro refolded and native forms is due to the dominant role of the cellular chaperone/folding machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Wear
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Structural Biochemistry Group, The University of Edinburgh, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK
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29
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Xu Y, Wang R. A computational analysis of the binding affinities of FKBP12 inhibitors using the MM-PB/SA method. Proteins 2006; 64:1058-68. [PMID: 16838311 DOI: 10.1002/prot.21044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The FK506-binding proteins have been targets of pharmaceutical interests over years. We have studied the binding of a set of 12 nonimmunosuppressive small-molecule inhibitors to FKBP12 through molecular dynamics simulations. Each complex was subjected to 1-ns MD simulation conducted in an explicit solvent environment under constant temperature and pressure. The binding free energy of each complex was then computed by the MM-PB/SA method in the AMBER program. Our MM-PB/SA computation produced a good correlation between the experimentally determined and the computed binding free energies with a correlation coefficient (R(2)) of 0.93 and a standard deviation as low as 0.30 kcal/mol. The vibrational entropy term given by the normal mode analysis was found to be helpful for achieving this correlation. Moreover, an adjustment to one weight factor in the PB/SA model was essential to correct the absolute values of the final binding free energies to a reasonable range. A head-to-head comparison of our MM-PB/SA model with a previously reported Linear Response Approximation (LRA) model suggested that the MM-PB/SA method is more robust in binding affinity prediction for this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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30
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Xiao H, Wang LL, Shu CL, Yu M, Li S, Shen BF, Li Y. Establishment of a Cell Model Based on FKBP12 Dimerization for Screening of FK506-like Neurotrophic Small Molecular Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 11:225-35. [PMID: 16490780 DOI: 10.1177/1087057105285440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
FK506 is an efficient immunosuppressive agent with an increasing number of clinical applications. It has been approved to prevent rejection in transplant patients and be efficacious in several autoimmune diseases. Its immunosuppressive activity results from binding to receptor proteins designated as immunophilins (i.e., FKBP12, FK506 binding protein). Recent studies have suggested that FK506 can promote neurite outgrowth as a 2nd activity. Furthermore, it has been shown that the neurotrophic property of FK506 is independent of its immunosuppressive action. Although the mechanism of its neurotrophic activity has not yet been well elucidated, FKBP12 is identified as a drug target, and much effort has been directed toward the design of FKBP12-binding molecules, which are neurotrophic but nonimmunosuppressive, for clinical use. In this present study, the authors constructed a stable cell line, which underwent apoptosis upon treatment by AP20187, a wholly synthesized, cell-permeable dimeric FK506 derivative, based on FKBP12-mBax dimerization. This AP20187-mediated apoptosiswas rapidly reversed by the addition of an FKBP12-binding competitormolecule (FK506 or rapamycin), indicating that this cell line might be used to screen FK506 derivatives. Using the screening model, hundreds of synthetic FK506 analogs were analyzed. A promising compound, named N308, was obtained. The results showed that N308 could inhibit AP20187-induced gene-modified target cell apoptosis and elicit augmentation of neurite extension from both cultured PC-12 cells and chicken dorsal root ganglia cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xiao
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Ramachandran N, Larson DN, Stark PRH, Hainsworth E, LaBaer J. Emerging tools for real-time label-free detection of interactions on functional protein microarrays. FEBS J 2005; 272:5412-25. [PMID: 16262683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04971.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The availability of extensive genomic information and content has spawned an era of high-throughput screening that is generating large sets of functional genomic data. In particular, the need to understand the biochemical wiring within a cell has introduced novel approaches to map the intricate networks of biological interactions arising from the interactions of proteins. The current technologies for assaying protein interactions--yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation with mass spectrometric detection--have met with considerable success. However, the parallel use of these approaches has identified only a small fraction of physiologically relevant interactions among proteins, neglecting all nonprotein interactions, such as with metabolites, lipids, DNA and small molecules. This highlights the need for further development of proteome scale technologies that enable the study of protein function. Here we discuss recent advances in high-throughput technologies for displaying proteins on functional protein microarrays and the real-time label-free detection of interactions using probes of the local index of refraction, carbon nanotubes and nanowires, or microelectromechanical systems cantilevers. The combination of these technologies will facilitate the large-scale study of protein interactions with proteins as well as with other biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niroshan Ramachandran
- Harvard Institute of Proteomics, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
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