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Bijelić D, Adžić M, Perić M, Reiss G, Milošević M, Andjus PR, Jakovčevski I. Tenascin-C fibronectin D domain is involved in the fine-tuning of glial response to CNS injury in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:952208. [PMID: 36092707 PMCID: PMC9462431 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.952208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding processes that occur after injuries to the central nervous system is essential in order to gain insight into how the restoration of function can be improved. Extracellular glycoprotein tenascin-C (TnC) has numerous functions in wound healing process depending on the expression time, location, isoform and binding partners which makes it interesting to study in this context. We used an in vitro injury model, the mixed culture of cortical astrocytes and microglia, and observed that without TnC microglial cells tend to populate gap area in greater numbers and proliferate more, whereas astrocytes build up in the border region to promote faster gap closure. Alternatively spliced domain of TnC, fibronectin type III-like repeat D (FnD) strongly affected physiological properties and morphology of both astrocytes and microglia in this injury model. The rate of microglial proliferation in the injury region decreased significantly with the addition of FnD. Additionally, density of microglia also decreased, in part due to reduced proliferation, and possibly due to reduced migration and increased contact inhibition between enlarged FnD-treated cells. Overall morphology of FnD-treated microglia resembled the activated pro-inflammatory cells, and elevated expression of iNOS was in accordance with this phenotype. The effect of FnD on astrocytes was different, as it did not affect their proliferation, but stimulated migration of reactivated astrocytes into the scratched area 48 h after the lesion. Elevated expression and secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β upon FnD treatment indicated the onset of inflammation. Furthermore, on Western blots we observed increased intensity of precursor bands of β1 integrin and appearance of monomeric bands of P2Y12R after FnD treatment which substantiates and clarifies its role in cellular shape and motility changes. Our results show versatile functions of TnC and in particular FnD after injury, mostly contributing to ongoing inflammation in the injury region. Based on our findings, FnD might be instrumental in limiting immune cell infiltration, and promoting astrocyte migration within the injury region, thus influencing spaciotemporal organization of the wound and surrounding area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Bijelić
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Dunja Bijelić, ; Igor Jakovčevski,
| | - Marija Adžić
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mina Perić
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gebhard Reiss
- Institute for Anatomy and Clinical Morphology, University Witten / Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Milena Milošević
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle R. Andjus
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Jakovčevski
- Institute for Anatomy and Clinical Morphology, University Witten / Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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2
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Hevin-calcyon interaction promotes synaptic reorganization after brain injury. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2571-2588. [PMID: 33753902 PMCID: PMC8408247 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00772-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hevin, also known as SPARC-like protein 1 (SPARCL1 or SC1), is a synaptogenic protein secreted by astrocytes and modulates the formation of glutamatergic synapses in the developing brain by interacting with synaptic adhesion proteins, such as neurexin and neuroligin. Here, we identified the neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon as a novel interaction partner of hevin and demonstrated that this interaction played a pivotal role in synaptic reorganization after an injury in the mature brain. Astrocytic hevin was upregulated post-injury in a photothrombotic stroke model. Hevin was fragmented by MMP3 induced during the acute stage of brain injury, and this process was associated with severe gliosis. At the late stage, the functional hevin level was restored as MMP3 expression decreased. The C-terminus of hevin interacted with the N-terminus of calcyon. By using RNAi and binding competitor peptides in an ischemic brain injury model, we showed that this interaction was crucial in synaptic and functional recoveries in the sensory-motor cortex, based on histological and electrophysiological analyses. Regulated expression of hevin and calcyon and interaction between them were confirmed in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury and patients with chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Our study provides direct evidence for the causal relationship between the hevin-calcyon interaction and synaptic reorganization after brain injury. This neuron-glia interaction can be exploited to modulate synaptic reorganization under various neurological conditions.
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3
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Okada T, Suzuki H. The Role of Tenascin-C in Tissue Injury and Repair After Stroke. Front Immunol 2021; 11:607587. [PMID: 33552066 PMCID: PMC7859104 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is still one of the most common causes for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Following acute stroke onset, biochemical and cellular changes induce further brain injury such as neuroinflammation, cell death, and blood-brain barrier disruption. Matricellular proteins are non-structural proteins induced by many stimuli and tissue damage including stroke induction, while its levels are generally low in a normal physiological condition in adult tissues. Currently, a matricellular protein tenascin-C (TNC) is considered to be an important inducer to promote neuroinflammatory cascades and the resultant pathology in stroke. TNC is upregulated in cerebral arteries and brain tissues including astrocytes, neurons, and brain capillary endothelial cells following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). TNC may be involved in blood-brain barrier disruption, neuronal apoptosis, and cerebral vasospasm via the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappa B following SAH. In addition, post-SAH TNC levels in cerebrospinal fluid predicted the development of delayed cerebral ischemia and angiographic vasospasm in clinical settings. On the other hand, TNC is reported to promote fibrosis and exert repair effects for an experimental aneurysm via macrophages-induced migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. The authors review TNC-induced inflammatory signal cascades and the relationships with other matricellular proteins in stroke-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Okada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kuwana City Medical Center, Kuwana, Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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4
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Galarza S, Crosby AJ, Pak C, Peyton SR. Control of Astrocyte Quiescence and Activation in a Synthetic Brain Hydrogel. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901419. [PMID: 31943839 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineers have designed numerous instructive brain extracellular matrix (ECM) environments with tailored and tunable protein compositions and biomechanical properties in vitro to study astrocyte reactivity during trauma and inflammation. However, a major limitation of both protein-based and synthetic model microenvironments is that astrocytes within fail to retain their characteristic stellate morphology and quiescent state without becoming activated under "normal" culture conditions. Here, a synthetic hydrogel is introduced, which for the first time demonstrates maintenance of astrocyte quiescence and activation on demand. With this synthetic brain hydrogel, the brain-specific integrin-binding and matrix metalloprotease-degradable domains of proteins are shown to control astrocyte star-shaped morphologies, and an ECM condition that maintains astrocyte quiescence with minimal activation can be achieved. In addition, activation can be induced in a dose-dependent manner via both defined cytokine cocktails and low molecular weight hyaluronic acid. This synthetic brain hydrogel is envisioned as a new tool to study the physiological role of astrocytes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sualyneth Galarza
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Alfred J. Crosby
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - ChangHui Pak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Shelly R. Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA
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5
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Site-specific HNK-1 epitope on alternatively spliced fibronectin type-III repeats in tenascin-C promotes neurite outgrowth of hippocampal neurons through contactin-1. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210193. [PMID: 30629639 PMCID: PMC6328190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate epitope, composed of a unique sulfated trisaccharide (HSO3–3GlcAβ1–3Galβ1–4GlcNAc-R), is highly expressed during brain development and regulates higher brain function. However, it remains unclear which glycoprotein carries the HNK-1 epitope in the embryonic brain and the functional role it plays. Here, we showed that one of the major HNK-1 carrier proteins in the embryonic brain is tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix protein that regulates neurite outgrowth by interacting with the GPI-anchored protein contactin-1 (CNTN). Because the alternatively spliced fibronectin type-III (FNIII) repeats in TNC give rise to many isoforms and affect neuronal function, we evaluated neurite outgrowth of primary hippocampal neurons on purified recombinant FNIII repeats with or without the HNK-1 epitope as a substrate. We found that the presence of the HNK-1 epitope on the C domain of TNC promoted neurite outgrowth, and that this signal was mediated by CNTN, which is an HNK-1-expressing neuronal receptor. The neurite-promoting activity of the HNK-1 epitope on TNC required neuronal HNK-1 expression, which was defective in neurons lacking the glucuronyltransferases GlcAT-P and GlcAT-S. These results suggest that the HNK-1 epitope is a key modifier of TNC and CNTN in the regulation of embryonic brain development.
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Saili KS, Zurlinden TJ, Schwab AJ, Silvin A, Baker NC, Hunter ES, Ginhoux F, Knudsen TB. Blood-brain barrier development: Systems modeling and predictive toxicology. Birth Defects Res 2018; 109:1680-1710. [PMID: 29251840 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as a gateway for passage of drugs, chemicals, nutrients, metabolites, and hormones between vascular and neural compartments in the brain. Here, we review BBB development with regard to the microphysiology of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and the impact of BBB disruption on brain development. Our focus is on modeling these complex systems. Extant in silico models are available as tools to predict the probability of drug/chemical passage across the BBB; in vitro platforms for high-throughput screening and high-content imaging provide novel data streams for profiling chemical-biological interactions; and engineered human cell-based microphysiological systems provide empirical models with which to investigate the dynamics of NVU function. Computational models are needed that bring together kinetic and dynamic aspects of NVU function across gestation and under various physiological and toxicological scenarios. This integration will inform adverse outcome pathways to reduce uncertainty in translating in vitro data and in silico models for use in risk assessments that aim to protect neurodevelopmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerine S Saili
- National Center for Computational Toxicology (NCCT); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Todd J Zurlinden
- National Center for Computational Toxicology (NCCT); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Andrew J Schwab
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Aymeric Silvin
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
| | - Nancy C Baker
- Leidos, contractor to NCCT, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - E Sidney Hunter
- National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138648, Singapore
| | - Thomas B Knudsen
- National Center for Computational Toxicology (NCCT); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
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7
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Nie S, Gurrea M, Zhu J, Thakolwiboon S, Heth JA, Muraszko KM, Fan X, Lubman DM. Tenascin-C: a novel candidate marker for cancer stem cells in glioblastoma identified by tissue microarrays. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:814-22. [PMID: 25469866 PMCID: PMC4320683 DOI: 10.1021/pr5008653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Glioblastoma
multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor,
with dismal survival outcomes. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs)
have been demonstrated to play a role in therapeutic resistance and
are considered to be the most likely cause of cancer relapse. The
identification of CSCs is an important step toward finding new and
effective ways to treat GBM. Tenascin-C (TNC) protein has been identified
as a potential marker for CSCs in gliomas based on previous work.
Here, we have investigated the expression of TNC in tissue microarrays
including 17 GBMs, 18 WHO grade III astrocytomas, 15 WHO grade II
astrocytomas, 4 WHO grade I astrocytomas, and 7 normal brain tissue
samples by immunohistochemical staining. TNC expression was found
to be highly associated with the grade of astrocytoma. It has a high
expression level in most of the grade III astrocytomas and GBMs analyzed
and a very low expression in most grade II astrocytomas, whereas it
is undetectable in grade I astrocytomas and normal brain tissues.
Double-immunofluorescence staining for TNC and CD133 in GBM tissues
revealed that there was a high overlap between theses two positive
populations. The results were further confirmed by flow cytometry
analysis of TNC and CD133 in GBM-derived stem-like neurospheres in
vitro. A limiting dilution assay demonstrated that the sphere formation
ability of CD133+/TNC+ and CD133–/TNC+ cell populations is much higher than that of the
CD133+/TNC– and CD133–/TNC– populations. These results suggest that TNC
is not only a potential prognostic marker for GBM but also a potential
marker for glioma CSCs, where the TNC+ population is identified
as a CSC population overlapping with part of the CD133– cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Nie
- Department of Surgery, ‡Department of Neurosurgery, §Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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8
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The serine/threonine kinase Ndr2 controls integrin trafficking and integrin-dependent neurite growth. J Neurosci 2014; 34:5342-54. [PMID: 24719112 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2728-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins have been implicated in various processes of nervous system development, including proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neuronal cells. In this study, we show that the serine/threonine kinase Ndr2 controls integrin-dependent dendritic and axonal growth in mouse hippocampal neurons. We further demonstrate that Ndr2 is able to induce phosphorylation at the activity- and trafficking-relevant site Thr(788/789) of β1-integrin to stimulate the PKC- and CaMKII-dependent activation of β1-integrins, as well as their exocytosis. Accordingly, Ndr2 associates with integrin-positive early and recycling endosomes in primary hippocampal neurons and the surface expression of activated β1-integrins is reduced on dendrites of Ndr2-deficient neurons. The role of Ndr2 in dendritic differentiation is also evident in vivo, because Ndr2-null mutant mice show arbor-specific alterations of dendritic complexity in the hippocampus. This indicates a role of Ndr2 in the fine regulation of dendritic growth; in fact, treatment of primary neurons with Semaphorin 3A rescues Ndr2 knock-down-induced dendritic growth deficits but fails to enhance growth beyond control level. Correspondingly, Ndr2-null mutant mice show a Semaphorin 3A(-/-)-like phenotype of premature dendritic branching in the hippocampus. The results of this study show that Ndr2-mediated integrin trafficking and activation are crucial for neurite growth and guidance signals during neuronal development.
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9
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Shiba M, Fujimoto M, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Taki W, Suzuki H. Tenascin-C causes neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Transl Stroke Res 2014; 5:238-47. [PMID: 24481545 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-014-0333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The role of tenascin-C (TNC), a matricellular protein, in brain injury is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine if TNC causes neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a deadly cerebrovascular disorder, using imatinib mesylate (a selective inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptor [PDGFR] that is reported to suppress TNC induction) and recombinant TNC. SAH by endovascular perforation caused caspase-dependent neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex irrespective of cerebral vasospasm development at 24 and 72 h post-SAH, associated with PDGFR activation, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation, and TNC induction in rats. PDGFR inactivation by an intraperitoneal injection of imatinib mesylate prevented neuronal apoptosis, as well as MAPKs activation and TNC induction in the cerebral cortex at 24 h. A cisternal injection of recombinant TNC reactivated MAPKs and abolished anti-apoptotic effects of imatinib mesylate. The TNC injection also induced TNC itself in SAH brain, which may internally augment neuronal apoptosis after SAH. These findings suggest that TNC upregulation by PDGFR activation causes neuronal apoptosis via MAPK activation, and that the positive feedback mechanisms may exist to augment neuronal apoptosis after SAH. TNC-induced neuronal apoptosis would be a new target to improve outcome after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Shiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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10
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Astrocyte-secreted matricellular proteins in CNS remodelling during development and disease. Neural Plast 2014; 2014:321209. [PMID: 24551460 PMCID: PMC3914553 DOI: 10.1155/2014/321209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins are secreted, nonstructural proteins that regulate the extracellular matrix (ECM) and interactions between cells through modulation of growth factor signaling, cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Despite being well described in the context of nonneuronal tissues, recent studies have revealed that these molecules may also play instrumental roles in central nervous system (CNS) development and diseases. In this minireview, we discuss the matricellular protein families SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine), Hevin/SC1 (SPARC-like 1), TN-C (Tenascin C), TSP (Thrombospondin), and CCN (CYR61/CTGF/NOV), which are secreted by astrocytes during development. These proteins exhibit a reduced expression in adult CNS but are upregulated in reactive astrocytes following injury or disease, where they are well placed to modulate the repair processes such as tissue remodeling, axon regeneration, glial scar formation, angiogenesis, and rewiring of neural circuitry. Conversely, their reexpression in reactive astrocytes may also lead to detrimental effects and promote the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Bernardini C, Lattanzi W, Bosco P, Franceschini C, Plazzi G, Michetti F, Ferri R. Genome-wide gene expression profiling of human narcolepsy. Gene Expr 2012; 15:171-81. [PMID: 22783726 PMCID: PMC6043843 DOI: 10.3727/105221612x13372578119652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to perform global gene expression profiling of patients affected by narcolepsy with cataplexy (NRLCP). This enabled identifying new potential biomarkers and relevant molecules possibly involved in the disease pathogenesis. In this study 10 NRLCP patients and 10 healthy controls were compared. Total RNA isolated from blood specimens was analyzed using microarray technology followed by statistical data analysis to detect genome-wide differential gene expression between patients and controls. Functional analysis of the gene list was performed in order to interpret the biological significance of the data. One hundred and seventy-three genes showed significant (p < 0.01) differential expression between the two tested conditions. The biological interpretation allowed categorizing differentially expressed genes involved in neurite outgrowth/extension and brain development, which could be possibly regarded as peripheral markers of the disease. Moreover, the NRLCP-related gene expression profiles indicated a dysregulation of metabolic and immune-related mechanisms. In conclusion, the gene expression profile associated to NRLCP suggested that molecular markers of neurological impairment, dysmetabolic and immune-related mechanisms, can be detected in blood of NRLCP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Bernardini
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Gurevicius K, Kuang F, Stoenica L, Irintchev A, Gureviciene I, Dityatev A, Schachner M, Tanila H. Genetic ablation of tenascin-C expression leads to abnormal hippocampal CA1 structure and electrical activity in vivo. Hippocampus 2010; 19:1232-46. [PMID: 19280660 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite evidence that the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C (TNC) is implicated in brain development and plasticity, its roles in the intact adult brain are unknown. Here we report that spontaneous local field potential (LFP) activity in freely moving adult TNC-deficient mice is abnormal. The power of cortical and hippocampal theta and gamma oscillations was enhanced in comparison to wild-type mice. The alteration in hippocampal gamma rhythm was subfield specific, such that CA1 gamma was accentuated while dentate gyrus gamma was normal. Similar to LFP, synaptic transmission and plasticity at perforant path synapses in the dentate gyrus were unaffected by the mutation. Morphological analyses revealed a subfield-specific reduction in the CA1 volume and a reduction in the numbers of somatostatin-positive interneurons in the hippocampus as potential structural substrates of the observed functional aberrations. These findings indicate a role for tenascin-C in structural organization of the CA1 hippocampal subfield and in shaping neural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kestutis Gurevicius
- Department of Neurobiology, A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Kuopio, Finland.
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13
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de Chevigny A, Lemasson M, Saghatelyan A, Sibbe M, Schachner M, Lledo PM. Delayed onset of odor detection in neonatal mice lacking tenascin-C. Mol Cell Neurosci 2006; 32:174-86. [PMID: 16730455 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2006.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Revised: 03/23/2006] [Accepted: 04/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The olfactory bulb is one of the few regions in the adult mammalian forebrain in which neurons are constitutively replaced throughout life. New neurons generated in the subventricular zone migrate long distances along the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb where they differentiate into interneurons. Neuronal precursor generation, migration and incorporation into the bulbar network occur in an environment rich in extracellular matrix molecules. We investigated the potential role of one of the constituents of the extracellular matrix, tenascin-C (TNC), in bulbar neurogenesis and olfactory performance using TNC-deficient mice. We found that TNC deficiency resulted in a delayed onset of olfactory responses in neonatal animals. This delay normalized at around postnatal day 10. Interestingly, this delay in early olfactory performance was not due to impaired bulbar neurogenesis as proliferation, migration, incorporation and fate determination of newborn bulbar interneurons were normal in TNC-deficient animals. Thus, we conclude that a constitutive lack of TNC does not affect bulbar neurogenesis, but instead leads to ontogenetically early impairments in olfactory detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Chevigny
- Laboratory of Perception and Memory, CNRS URA 2182, Pasteur Institute, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris Cedex, France
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Nishio T, Kawaguchi S, Yamamoto M, Iseda T, Kawasaki T, Hase T. Tenascin-C regulates proliferation and migration of cultured astrocytes in a scratch wound assay. Neuroscience 2005; 132:87-102. [PMID: 15780469 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is involved in tissue morphogenesis like embryogenesis, wound healing or tumorigenesis. Astrocytes are known to play major roles in wound healing in the CNS. To elucidate the roles of TNC in wound closure by astrocytes, we have examined the morphological changes of cultured astrocytes in a scratch wound assay and measured the content of soluble TNC released into the medium. We have also localized the expression of TNC mRNA, TNC, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and integrin beta1. After wounding, glial cells rapidly released the largest TNC isoform and proliferated in the border zones. Subsequently, they became polarized with unidirectional processes and finally migrated toward the denuded area. The proliferating border zone cells and pre-migratory cells intensely expressed TNC mRNA, TNC-, vimentin-, GFAP- and integrin beta1-like immunoreactivity, while the migratory cells showed generally reduced expression except the front. Exogenous TNC enhanced cell proliferation and migration, while functional blocking with anti-TNC or anti-integrin beta1 antibody reduced both of them. These results suggest that mechanical injury induces boundary astrocytes to produce and release TNC that promotes cell proliferation and migration via integrin beta1 in an autocrine/paracrine fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nishio
- Department of Integrative Brain Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida-Konoe, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Garwood J, Garcion E, Dobbertin A, Heck N, Calco V, ffrench-Constant C, Faissner A. The extracellular matrix glycoprotein Tenascin-C is expressed by oligodendrocyte precursor cells and required for the regulation of maturation rate, survival and responsiveness to platelet-derived growth factor. Eur J Neurosci 2005; 20:2524-40. [PMID: 15548197 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of Tenascin-C (TN-C) knockout mice revealed novel roles for this extracellular matrix (ECM) protein in regulation of the developmental programme of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), their maturation into myelinating oligodendrocytes and sensitivity to growth factors. A major component of the ECM of developing nervous tissue, TN-C was expressed in zones of proliferation, migration and morphogenesis. Examination of TN-C knockout mice showed roles for TN-C in control of OPC proliferation and migration towards zones of myelination [E. Garcion et al. (2001) Development, 128, 2485-2496]. Extending our studies of TN-C effects on OPC development we found that OPCs can endogenously express TN-C protein. This expression covered the whole range of possible TN-C isoforms and could be strongly up-regulated by leukaemia inhibitory factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor, cytokines known to modulate OPC proliferation and survival. Comparative analysis of TN-C knockout OPCs with wild-type OPCs reveals an accelerated rate of maturation in the absence of TN-C, with earlier morphological differentiation and precocious expression of myelin basic protein. TN-C knockout OPCs plated on poly-lysine displayed higher levels of apoptosis than wild-type OPCs and there was also an earlier loss of responsiveness to the protective effects of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), indicating that TN-C has anti-apoptotic effects that may be associated with PDGF signalling. The existence of mechanisms to compensate for the absence of TN-C in the knockout is indicated by the development of oligodendrocytes derived from TN-C knockout neurospheres. These were present in equivalent proportions to those found in wild-type neurospheres but displayed enhanced myelin membrane formation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Antigens/metabolism
- Blotting, Western/methods
- Brain/cytology
- Brain/embryology
- Brain/growth & development
- Brain/metabolism
- Bromodeoxyuridine/metabolism
- Cell Count/methods
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cerebral Cortex/cytology
- Chondroitin Sulfates/metabolism
- Cytokines/pharmacology
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry/methods
- In Situ Hybridization/methods
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling/methods
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Biological
- Myelin Basic Protein/metabolism
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Oligodendroglia/drug effects
- Oligodendroglia/metabolism
- Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase/pharmacology
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism
- Proteoglycans/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/genetics
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism
- Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- Stem Cells/drug effects
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- Tenascin/genetics
- Tenascin/physiology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Garwood
- LNDR, CNRS 5, rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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Irintchev A, Rollenhagen A, Troncoso E, Kiss JZ, Schachner M. Structural and functional aberrations in the cerebral cortex of tenascin-C deficient mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 15:950-62. [PMID: 15537675 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhh195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C (TNC) has been implicated in neural development and plasticity but many of its functions in vivo remain obscure. Here we addressed the question as to whether the constitutive absence of TNC in mice affects cortical physiology and structure. Defined major cell populations (neurons and inhibitory neuronal subpopulations, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia) were quantified in the somatosensory and motor cortices of adult TNC deficient (TNC-/-) and wild-type (TNC+/+) mice by immunofluorescence labelling and stereology. In both areas studied we found abnormally high neuronal density, astrogliosis, low density of parvalbumin-positive interneurons and reduced ratios of oligodendrocytes to neurons and of inhibitory to excitatory neurons in the TNC deficient as opposed to the non-deficient animals. Analysis of Golgi-impregnated layer V pyramidal neurons in TNC-/- animals showed aberrant dendrite tortuosity and redistribution of stubby spines within first- to third-order dendritic arbors. Significantly enhanced responses upon whisker stimulation were recorded epicranially over the barrel and the motor cortices of TNC-/- as compared to TNC+/+ animals, and this effect might be associated with the diminished inhibitory circuitry. These results indicate that TNC is essential for normal cortical development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Irintchev
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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