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El-Sheekh M, Alwaleed EA, Kassem WMA, Saber H. Optimizing the fucoidan extraction using Box-Behnken Design and its potential bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134490. [PMID: 39111494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide that occurs naturally in the cell wall of brown seaweeds and has substantial biological efficacy. Optimizing the extraction of fucoidan from different brown seaweeds was the primary goal of this research. The optimization of fucoidan extraction was applied on the brown macroalga Turbinaria turbinata using a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to inspect the impacts of different pH (3, 5, 7), temperature (70, 80, 90 °C) and extraction duration (60, 120, 180 min) on both the yield and sulfate content of fucoidan. The optimized parameters recorded to maximize the fucoidan yield and its sulfate content were a pH of 3.44 and a temperature of 82.26 °C for 60 min. The optimal conditions obtained from BBD were used for fucoidan extraction from T. turbinata, Sargassum cinereum, Padina pavonica, and Dictyota dichotoma. The highest average of fucoidan yield was derived from P. pavonica (40.76 ± 4.04 % DW). FTIR, 1H NMR, and HPLC were used to characterize extracted fucoidan. The extracted fucoidan's Physical characteristics, biochemical composition, antioxidant potential, antitumor effect against breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and antimicrobial and anticoagulant activity were assessed. The extracted fucoidan from D. dichotoma, followed by that extracted from S. cinereum, which had the highest sulphate content, depicted the highest antioxidant, anticancer, and anticoagulant activities. Fucoidan has demonstrated a strong antimicrobial action against some pathogenic microorganisms; Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Candida albicans. The anticoagulant properties of fucoidan from D. dichotoma were stronger than those of fucoidan from S. cinereum, T. turbinata, and P. pavonica due to its higher sulphate content. These findings could be used for various biomedical applications to improve the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa El-Sheekh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Alwaleed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M A Kassem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Hani Saber
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
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Chen G, Yu L, Shi F, Shen J, Zhang Y, Liu G, Mei X, Li X, Xu X, Xue C, Chang Y. A comprehensive review of sulfated fucan from sea cucumber: Antecedent and prospect. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122345. [PMID: 38876715 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Sulfated fucan from sea cucumber is mainly consists of L-fucose and sulfate groups. Recent studies have confirmed that the structure of sulfated fucan mainly consists of repeating units, typically tetrasaccharides. However, there is growing evidence indicating the presence of irregular domains with heterogeneous units that have not been extensively explored. Moreover, as a key contributor to the nutritional benefits of sea cucumbers, sulfated fucan demonstrates a range of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypolipidemic, anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anticoagulant properties. These biological activities are profoundly influenced by the structural features of sulfated fucan including molecular weight and distribution patterns of sulfate groups. The latest research indicates that sulfated fucan is dispersed in the extracellular matrix of the body wall of sea cucumbers. This article aimed to review the research progress on the in-situ distribution, structures, structural elucidation strategies, functions, and structure-activity relationships of sulfated fucan, especially in the last decade. It also provided insights into the major challenges and potential solutions in the research and development of sulfated fucan. Moreover, the fucanase and carbohydrate binding modules are anticipated to play pivotal roles in advancing this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Long Yu
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia
| | - Feifei Shi
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- College of Food and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
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Jana S, Dyna AL, Pal S, Mukherjee S, Bissochi IMT, Yamada-Ogatta SF, Darido MLG, Oliveira DBL, Durigon EL, Ray B, Faccin-Galhardi LC, Ray S. Anti-respiratory syncytial virus and anti-herpes simplex virus activity of chemically engineered sulfated fucans from Cystoseira indica. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122157. [PMID: 38710573 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Seaweed polysaccharides, particularly sulfated ones, exhibited potent antiviral activity against a wide variety of enveloped viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and respiratory viruses. Different mechanisms of action were suggested, which may range from preventing infection to intracellular antiviral activity, at different stages of the viral cycle. Herein, we generated two chemically engineered sulfated fucans (C303 and C304) from Cystoseira indica by an amalgamated extraction-sulfation procedure using chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine/N,N-dimethylformamide and sulfur trioxide-pyridine/N,N-dimethylformamide reagents, respectively. These compounds exhibited activity against HSV-1 and RSV with 50 % inhibitory concentration values in the range of 0.75-2.5 μg/mL and low cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 500 μg/mL. The antiviral activities of chemically sulfated fucans (C303 and C304) were higher than the water (C301) and CaCl2 extracted (C302) polysaccharides. Compound C303 had a (1,3)-linked fucan backbone and was branched. Sulfates were present at positions C-2, C-4, and C-2,4 of Fucp, and C-6 of Galp residues of this polymer. Compound C304 had a comparable structure but with more sulfates at C-4 of Fucp residue. Both C303 and C304 were potent antiviral candidates, acting in a dose-dependent manner on the adsorption and other intracellular stages of HSV-1 and RSV replication, in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Andre Luiz Dyna
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Saikat Pal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | - Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Albert Einstein Hospital, 05652-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bimalendu Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sayani Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag campus, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India.
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4
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Chen G, Dong S, Zhang Y, Shen J, Liu G, Chen F, Li X, Xue C, Cui Q, Feng Y, Chang Y. Structural investigation of Fun168A unraveling the recognition mechanism of endo-1,3-fucanase towards sulfated fucan. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132622. [PMID: 38795894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfated fucan has gained interest due to its various physiological activities. Endo-1,3-fucanases are valuable tools for investigating the structure and establishing structure-activity relationships of sulfated fucan. However, the substrate recognition mechanism of endo-1,3-fucanases towards sulfated fucan remains unclear, limiting the application of endo-1,3-fucanases in sulfated fucan research. SCOPE AND APPROACH This study presented the first crystal structure of endo-1,3-fucanase (Fun168A) and its complex with the tetrasaccharide product, utilizing X-ray diffraction techniques. The novel subsite specificity of Fun168A was identified through glycomics and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The structure of Fun168A was determined at 1.92 Å. Residues D206 and E264 acted as the nucleophile and general acid/base, respectively. Notably, Fun168A strategically positioned a series of polar residues at the subsites ranging from -2 to +3, enabling interactions with the sulfate groups of sulfated fucan through salt bridges or hydrogen bonds. Based on the structure of Fun168A and its substrate recognition mechanisms, the novel subsite specificities at the -2 and +2 subsites of Fun168A were identified. Overall, this study provided insight into the structure and substrate recognition mechanism of endo-1,3-fucanase for the first time and offered a valuable tool for further research and development of sulfated fucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Sheng Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China
| | - Qiu Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yingang Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, PR China.
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Xiao QH, Li ZZ, Ren L, Wang SY, Li XQ, Bai HX, Qiao RZ, Tang N, Liu WJ, Wang JM, Ma GY, Dong DC, Wu KH, Cao W. α-Glucan derivatives as selective blockers of aldolase A: Computer-aided structure optimization and the effects on HCC. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121566. [PMID: 38008473 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Aldolase A (ALDOA) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and is a potential therapeutic target. A previous study found an α-D-glucan (α-D-(1,6)-Glcp-α-D-(1,4)-Glcp, 10.0:1.0), named HDPS-4II, that could specifically inhibit ALDOA but its activity was not high enough. In this study, the derivatives of α-D-glucan binding to ALDOA were optimized using molecular docking, and its sulfated modification demonstrated the highest affinity with ALDOA among sulfated, carboxylated, and aminated derivatives. Sulfated HDPS-4II and dextrans with different molecular weights (1000 Da, 3000 Da, and 4000 Da) were prepared. Using MST assay, 3-O-sulfated HDPS-4II (SHDPS-4II) and 1000 Da dextran (SDextran1) showed higher affinities to ALDOA with Kd of 1.83 μM and 85.04 μM, respectively. Furthermore, SHDPS-4II and SDextran1 markedly inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo by blocking ALDOA. These results demonstrate that sulfated modification of α-D-glucans could enhance their affinities with ALDOA and anti-HCC effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Han Xiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ze-Zhi Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Ren
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shu-Yao Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Xin Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rui-Zhi Qiao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Na Tang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing-Mei Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guang-Yuan Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dian-Chao Dong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ke-Han Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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6
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Lima AGF, Mignone VW, Vardiero F, Kozlowski EO, Fernandes LR, Motta JM, Pavão MSG, Figueiredo CC, Mourão PAS, Morandi V. Direct antitumoral effects of sulfated fucans isolated from echinoderms: a possible role of neuropilin-1/β1 integrin endocytosis and focal adhesion kinase degradation. Glycobiology 2023; 33:715-731. [PMID: 37289485 PMCID: PMC10627248 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercoagulability, a major complication of metastatic cancers, has usually been treated with heparins from natural sources, or with their synthetic derivatives, which are under intense investigation in clinical oncology. However, the use of heparin has been challenging for patients with risk of severe bleeding. While the systemic administration of heparins, in preclinical models, has shown primarily attenuating effects on metastasis, their direct effect on established solid tumors has generated contradictory outcomes. We investigated the direct antitumoral properties of two sulfated fucans isolated from marine echinoderms, FucSulf1 and FucSulf2, which exhibit anticoagulant activity with mild hemorrhagic potential. Unlike heparin, sulfated fucans significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation (by ~30-50%), and inhibited tumor migration and invasion in vitro. We found that FucSulf1 and FucSulf2 interacted with fibronectin as efficiently as heparin, leading to loss of prostate cancer and melanoma cell spreading. The sulfated fucans increased the endocytosis of β1 integrin and neuropilin-1 chains, two cell receptors implicated in fibronectin-dependent adhesion. The treatment of cancer cells with both sulfated fucans, but not with heparin, also triggered intracellular focal adhesion kinase (FAK) degradation, with a consequent overall decrease in activated focal adhesion kinase levels. Finally, only sulfated fucans inhibited the growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells implanted in the dermis of syngeneic C57/BL6 mice. FucSulf1 and FucSulf2 arise from this study as candidates for the design of possible alternatives to long-term treatments of cancer patients with heparins, with the advantage of also controlling local growth and invasion of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio G F Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
- Laboratório do Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica (IBqM) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Viviane W Mignone
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Francisco Vardiero
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Eliene O Kozlowski
- Laboratório do Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica (IBqM) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Laila R Fernandes
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Juliana M Motta
- Laboratório do Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica (IBqM) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Mauro S G Pavão
- Laboratório do Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica (IBqM) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Camila C Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Paulo A S Mourão
- Laboratório do Tecido Conjuntivo, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica (IBqM) - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Verônica Morandi
- Laboratório de Biologia da Célula Endotelial e da Angiogênese (LabAngio), Departamento de Biologia Celular/IBRAG, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil
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7
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Chen G, Shen J, Zhang Y, Shi F, Mei X, Xue C, Chang Y. Sulfated fucan could serve as a species marker of sea cucumber with endo-1,3-fucanase as the essential tool. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120817. [PMID: 37059545 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, sulfated fucan from sea cucumber had attracted considerable interest owing to its abundant physiological activities. Nevertheless, its potential for species discrimination had not been investigated. Herein, particular attention was given to sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, Acaudina molpadioides, Holothuria hilla, Holothuria tubulosa, Isostichopus badionotus and Thelenota ananas to examine the feasibility of sulfated fucan as a species marker of sea cucumber. The enzymatic fingerprint suggested that sulfated fucan exhibited significant interspecific discrepancy and intraspecific stability, which revealed that sulfated fucan could serve as the species marker of sea cucumber, by utilizing the overexpressed endo-1,3-fucanase Fun168A and the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrum. Moreover, oligosaccharide profile of sulfated fucan was determined. The oligosaccharide profile combined with hierarchical clustering analysis and principal components analysis further confirmed that sulfated fucan could serve as a marker with a satisfying performance. Besides, load factor analysis showed that the minor structure of sulfated fucan also contributed to the sea cucumber discrimination, besides the major structure. The overexpressed fucanase played an indispensable role in the discrimination, due to its specificity and high activity. The study would lead to a new strategy for species discrimination of sea cucumber based on sulfated fucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Feifei Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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8
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Huang L, Zeng Q, Zhang Y, Yin Q, Zhu X, Zhang P, Wang C, Liu J. Effects of fucoidans and alginates from Sargassum graminifolium on allergic symptoms and intestinal microbiota in mice with OVA-induced food allergy. Food Funct 2022; 13:6702-6715. [PMID: 35660845 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00802e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Food allergy has been one of the main problems threatening people's health in recent years. However, there is still no way to completely cure it at present. Therefore, the development of food allergy related drugs is still necessary. Sargassum graminifolium (SG) is a kind of polysaccharide rich marine brown alga used in food and medicine. Sargassum graminifolium polysaccharides (SGP) is mainly composed of fucoidans and alginic acid. In our study, we compared the activity of fucoidans and alginates from SG against OVA-induced food allergy in a mouse model, observed the regulatory effects of fucoidans and alginates from SG on the intestinal microbiota and summarized the possible role of the intestinal microbiota in the anti-food allergy process because polysaccharides can further act on the body through the intestinal microbiota. The results showed that fucoidans and alginates from SG could relieve the symptoms of allergy, diarrhea and jejunum injury significantly in mice with food allergy (p < 0.05). Furthermore, fucoidans at 500 mg kg-1 could reduce OVA-specific IgE and TNF-α levels significantly in the serum of food allergic mice (p < 0.05), while alginates could only significantly down-regulate serum OVA-specific IgE (p < 0.05). The results also showed that fucoidans had a stronger regulatory effect on the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota in food allergic mice compared to alginates at the same dose. In addition, fucoidans at 500 mg kg-1 had the most significant regulatory effect on Firmicutes, Lactobacillus and Alistipes in food allergic mice. These results suggested that fucoidans and alginates might regulate food allergy in mice through different pathways. Together, this study enriched the research on the action of alga-derived polysaccharides against food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Huang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Qianhui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Yudie Zhang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Qing Yin
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Xunxian Zhu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Peixi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
| | - Cuifang Wang
- Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Jieqing Liu
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China.
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9
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Vessella G, Marchetti R, Del Prete A, Traboni S, Iadonisi A, Schiraldi C, Silipo A, Bedini E. Semisynthetic Isomers of Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate Polysaccharides with Fucosyl Branches at a Non-Natural Site. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5151-5161. [PMID: 34775751 PMCID: PMC8672353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The several interesting
activities detected for fucosylated chondroitin
sulfate (fCS) have fueled in the last years several efforts toward
the obtainment of fCS oligosaccharides and low molecular weight (LMW)
polysaccharides with a well-defined structure, in order to avoid the
problems associated with the potential employment of native, sea cucumber
sourced fCSs as a drug. Total synthesis and controlled depolymerization
of the natural fCS polysaccharides are the main approaches to this
aim; nonetheless, they present some limitations. These could be circumvented
by semisynthesis, a strategy relying upon the regioselective fucosylation
and sulfation of a microbial sourced polysaccharide sharing the same
chondroitin backbone of fCS but devoid of any fucose (Fuc) and sulfate
decoration on it. This approach is highly versatile, as it could open
access also to fCS isomers carrying Fuc and sulfate groups at non-natural
sites. Here we prepare for the first time some structurally homogeneous
fCS isomers through a multistep procedure with a glycosylation reaction
between a LMW polysaccharide acceptor and three different Fuc donors
as key step. The obtained products were subjected to a detailed structural
characterization by 2D-NMR. The conformational behavior was also investigated
by NMR and molecular dynamics simulation methods and compared with
data reported for natural fCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vessella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Del Prete
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Traboni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alfonso Iadonisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via de Crecchio 7, I-80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S.Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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10
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Shanthi N, Arumugam P, Murugan M, Sudhakar MP, Arunkumar K. Extraction of Fucoidan from Turbinaria decurrens and the Synthesis of Fucoidan-Coated AgNPs for Anticoagulant Application. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30998-31008. [PMID: 34841142 PMCID: PMC8613821 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Brown seaweeds usually contain alginate as a major polymer. The second major sulfated polymer in brown seaweeds is fucoidan, which has huge potential in medicinal applications. In this study, the photosynthetic pigments from Turbinaria decurrens were first extracted using chloroform/methanol in the ratio of 1:1 (v/v), followed by fucoidan extraction with yields of 5.58% (crude) and 1.28% (purified fucoidan) from the dry weight of seaweed, whereas alginate was extracted with a yield of 14.7% DW of seaweed. The isolated fucoidan possessing anticoagulation property was identified and characterized as (1-3)-α-l-fucopyranosyl residues with sulfate groups primarily at the C4 position and to a lesser extent at the C2 position, whereas in the case of galactose, at the C3 and C6 positions. The AgNPs synthesized using isolated fucoidan exhibit strong anticoagulant activity and possess a good antibacterial property against Gram-negative clinical bacteria. Functional groups such as O-H, C-H, and S=O associated with sugar residues in sulfated fucoidan are involved in the synthesis of the nanoparticles with a spherical shape, size ranging from 10 to 60 nm, and showing polydispersity. From this study, we conclude that fucoidan-coated anionic AgNPs synthesized from T. decurrens have tremendous potential in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagarajan Shanthi
- Post
Graduate and Research, Department of Botany, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnan Arumugam
- Department
of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Marudhamuthu Murugan
- Department
of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625 021, India
| | - Muthiyal Prabakaran Sudhakar
- Department
of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
(Saveetha University), Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulanthaiyesu Arunkumar
- Department
of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Periye 671 320, Kerala, India
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11
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Chen G, Yu L, Zhang Y, Chang Y, Liu Y, Shen J, Xue C. Utilizing heterologously overexpressed endo-1,3-fucanase to investigate the structure of sulfated fucan from sea cucumber (Holothuria hilla). Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118480. [PMID: 34420739 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber sulfated fucan (SC-FUC) attracted increasing interests in the recent decades. Endo-1,3-fucanase has been employed in the structural clarification and structure-function relationship investigations of SC-FUC. Nevertheless, the preparation of wild-type endo-1,3-fucanase is costly and time-consuming, which hinders its further utilization. In this study, a heterologously overexpressed endo-1,3-fucanase (FunA) was introduced into structural identification of SC-FUC. FunA was efficiently prepared within one day and utilized in the investigation of sulfated fucan from sea cucumber Holothuria hilla (Hh-FUC). By using enzymatic degradation, glycomics and NMR analysis, the major structure of Hh-FUC was identified to be composed of a tetrasaccharide repeating unit →3-α-l-Fucp-1 → 3-α-l-Fucp2,4(OSO3-)-1 → 3-α-l-Fucp2(OSO3-)-1 → 3-α-l-Fucp2(OSO3-)-1→. Due to the efficient acquisition of enzyme and the superior oligosaccharide recovery, 0.6 mL of E. coli broth and 10 mg of Hh-FUC were sufficient for the structural identification. The results demonstrated the superiority of heterologously overexpressed fucanase over its wild-type enzyme in structural investigation of sulfated fucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Long Yu
- Adelaide Glycomics, School of Food, Agriculture and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Adelaide, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Yanyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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12
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Compared study of fucoidan from sea cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa) with different molecular weight on ameliorating β cell apoptosis. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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13
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Abstract
Fucoidans are cell wall polysaccharides found in various species of brown seaweeds. They are fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSPs) and comprise 5-20% of the algal dry weight. Fucoidans possess multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-lipidemic, anti-metastatic, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer effects. Dietary fucoidans provide small but constant amounts of FCSPs to the intestinal tract, which can reorganize the composition of commensal microbiota altered by FCSPs, and consequently control inflammation symptoms in the intestine. Although the bioactivities of fucoidans have been well described, there is limited evidence to implicate their effect on gut microbiota and bowel health. In this review, we summarize the recent studies that introduce the fundamental characteristics of various kinds of fucoidans and discuss their potential in altering commensal microorganisms and influencing intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea
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14
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Fonseca RJC, Mourão PAS. Pharmacological Activities of Sulfated Fucose-Rich Polysaccharides after Oral Administration: Perspectives for the Development of New Carbohydrate-Based Drugs. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:425. [PMID: 34436263 PMCID: PMC8400256 DOI: 10.3390/md19080425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms are a source of active biomolecules with immense therapeutic and nutraceutical potential. Sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides are present in large quantities in these organisms with important pharmacological effects in several biological systems. These polysaccharides include sulfated fucan (as fucoidan) and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate. The development of these polysaccharides as new drugs involves several important steps, among them, demonstration of the effectiveness of these compounds after oral administration. The oral route is the more practical, comfortable and preferred by patients for long-term treatments. In the past 20 years, reports of various pharmacological effects of these polysaccharides orally administered in several animal experimental models and some trials in humans have sparked the possibility for the development of drugs based on sulfated polysaccharides and/or the use of these marine organisms as functional food. This review focuses on the main pharmacological effects of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides, with an emphasis on the antidislipidemic, immunomodulatory, antitumor, hypoglycemic and hemostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto J. C. Fonseca
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil;
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Paulo A. S. Mourão
- Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil;
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil
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15
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Han X, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Zhao L, Guan F, Ma S. Fucoidan: a promising agent for brain injury and neurodegenerative disease intervention. Food Funct 2021; 12:3820-3830. [PMID: 33861265 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are urgent medical problems, which severely threaten the life quality of patients and their carers. However, there are currently no effective therapies. Fucoidan is a natural compound found in brown algae and some animals, which has multiple biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-coagulant, anti-thrombotic, immunoregulatory, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory effects. A growing number of studies have shown that fucoidan also exerts a neuroprotective function. Particularly, recent findings have indicated that fucoidan could slow down the neurodegenerative processes and show protective effects against brain injury, which might be of therapeutic value for intervening in brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we have discussed the pharmacokinetics of fucoidan as well as the molecular mechanisms by which fucoidan exerts its neuroprotective effect on some neurological disorders. Along with this, we have also summarized the potential benefits of fucoidan in combination with other drugs in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury. Although the extraction process of fucoidan has been improved well, more efforts should be devoted to the translational research and clinical trials of fucoidan in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Yingchao Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Zhenkun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention in National Health Commission, Henan Institute of Population and Reproductive Health, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China. and Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China. and Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
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16
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Li X, Li S, Liu J, Lin L, Sun H, Yang W, Cai Y, Gao N, Zhou L, Qin H, Yin R, Zhao J. A regular fucan sulfate from Stichopus herrmanni and its peroxide depolymerization: Structure and anticoagulant activity. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Purification, structural characterization and anticoagulant activities of four sulfated polysaccharides from sea cucumber Holothuria fuscopunctata. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3421-3428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Li Q, Jiang S, Shi W, Qi X, Song W, Mou J, Yang J. Structure characterization, antioxidant and immunoregulatory properties of a novel fucoidan from the sea cucumber Stichopus chloronotus. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 231:115767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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19
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Sony NM, Ishikawa M, Hossain MS, Koshio S, Yokoyama S. The effect of dietary fucoidan on growth, immune functions, blood characteristics and oxidative stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:439-454. [PMID: 30291545 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We determined the supplementation effects of dietary fucoidan on growth, immune responses, blood characteristics, and oxidative stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream. A fishmeal (FM)-based basal diet supplemented with 0% (D1, control), 0.05% (D2), 0.1% (D3), 0.2% (D4), 0.4% (D5), and 0.8% (D6) mozuku fucoidan to formulate six experimental diets. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish (3.8 g) for 60 days. Results showed that fish-fed diet D5 showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) growth performance compared to the control (D1). Diet groups D2 to D4 also showed intermediate values compared to D1. Feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were significantly higher in diet group D5, which was not significantly different with D3. Fucoidan supplementation increased whole-body lipid, which was significantly higher in the D5 group. Condition factor (CF) was significantly higher in fish fed ≥ 0.2% fucoidan-supplemented diet groups. Diet group D5 and D4 showed significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, respectively. Dietary fucoidan reduced the oxidative stress of fish. Among the measured nonspecific immune parameters, only peroxidase activity (PA) and total serum protein (TSP) were significantly influenced by dietary supplementation and it was higher in D4 group. Fucoidan supplementation reduces thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values numerically and it was lowest in fish-fed diet group D5. Under the present experimental condition, finally, we concluded that 0.3-0.4% dietary fucoidan supplementation enhanced the growth and health performance of red sea bream by increasing growth, immune response, blood characteristics, and oxidative stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Mahjabin Sony
- The Graduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Manabu Ishikawa
- The Graduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Md Sakhawat Hossain
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, 890-0056, Japan.
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Shunsuke Koshio
- The Graduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Saichiro Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20, Kagoshima City, 890-0056, Japan
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20
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Primary structure and anticoagulant activity of fucoidan from the sea cucumber Holothuria polii. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 121:1145-1153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Thinh PD, Ly BM, Usoltseva RV, Shevchenko NM, Rasin AB, Anastyuk SD, Malyarenko OS, Zvyagintseva TN, San PT, Ermakova SP. A novel sulfated fucan from Vietnamese sea cucumber Stichopus variegatus: Isolation, structure and anticancer activity in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1101-1109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Structural analysis and anticoagulant activities of three highly regular fucan sulfates as novel intrinsic factor Xase inhibitors. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 195:257-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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Sulfated polysaccharide from sea cucumber modulates the gut microbiota and its metabolites in normal mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:502-512. [PMID: 30144552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated polysaccharide from sea cucumber (SCSP) has been demonstrated with various health effects, the mechanism of which, however, remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism exhibited by gut microbiota in response to SCSP. BALB/c mice were fed diets supplemented with SCSP and depolymerized SCSP (d-SCSP) for 42 days. The microbiota composition, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), body weight and gut tissue index were analyzed. Results revealed that both SCSP and d-SCSP positively regulated the gut microbiota as indicated by the enriched microbiota diversity, SCFA-producing bacteria and sulfide-degrading bacteria, and decreased harmful bacteria. Moreover, SCSP and d-SCSP not only significantly improved the levels of microbial metabolites including SCFAs and LBP, but also effectively adjusted body weight and gut tissue index. The microbial metabolites were identified to strongly correlate with the growth performance using Pearson's correlation coefficient. We further showed that the modulating effect of SCSP on the gut microbiota was altered by free-radical depolymerization, while the microbial metabolites and related growth performance were not. These findings suggest that SCSP can be used as a gut microbiota manipulator for health promotion and alter the gut microbiota in a molecular weight (Mw) dependent manner.
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24
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Soares PAG, Ribeiro KA, Valente AP, Capillé NV, Oliveira SNMCG, Tovar AMF, Pereira MS, Vilanova E, Mourão PAS. A unique fucosylated chondroitin sulfate type II with strikingly homogeneous and neatly distributed α-fucose branches. Glycobiology 2018; 28:565-579. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A G Soares
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia A Ribeiro
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana P Valente
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Jiri Jonas - CENABIO I, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nina V Capillé
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Stephan-Nicollas M C G Oliveira
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana M F Tovar
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Pereira
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Vilanova
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo A S Mourão
- Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Laboratório de Tecido Conjuntivo, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Mourão PAS, Vilanova E, Soares PAG. Unveiling the structure of sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 50:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Khotimchenko Y. Pharmacological Potential of Sea Cucumbers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1342. [PMID: 29724051 PMCID: PMC5983632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents a detailed analysis of published research data focused on the pharmacological activity exerted by biologically active compounds isolated from sea cucumbers belonging to the class of Holothuroidea, phylum Echinodermata. The review contains descriptions of the structure, physico-chemical properties and pharmacological effects of these active substances. Particular attention is given to compounds with anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-infectious, immune-stimulating and anti-ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) activities as well as to the substances exerting a regulating influence on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. All these compounds may be considered as prototypes for development of new pharmaceutical substances and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Khotimchenko
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 8 ul. Sukhanova, Vladivostok 690950, Russia.
- National Scientific Center for Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
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Shang F, Gao N, Yin R, Lin L, Xiao C, Zhou L, Li Z, Purcell SW, Wu M, Zhao J. Precise structures of fucosylated glycosaminoglycan and its oligosaccharides as novel intrinsic factor Xase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:423-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Mou J, Wang C, Li Q, Qi X, Yang J. Preparation and antioxidant properties of low molecular holothurian glycosaminoglycans by H2O2/ascorbic acid degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:1339-1347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chain conformation, rheological and charge properties of fucoidan extracted from sea cucumber Thelenota ananas: A semi-flexible coil negative polyelectrolyte. Food Chem 2017; 237:511-515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cao RA, Surayot U, You S. Structural characterization of immunostimulating protein-sulfated fucan complex extracted from the body wall of a sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:539-548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chain conformational and physicochemical properties of fucoidans from sea cucumber. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 152:433-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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32
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Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of two fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioidea and Holothuria nobilis. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Marine organism sulfated polysaccharides exhibiting significant antimalarial activity and inhibition of red blood cell invasion by Plasmodium. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24368. [PMID: 27071342 PMCID: PMC4829872 DOI: 10.1038/srep24368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimalarial activity of heparin, against which there are no resistances known, has not been therapeutically exploited due to its potent anticoagulating activity. Here, we have explored the antiplasmodial capacity of heparin-like sulfated polysaccharides from the sea cucumbers Ludwigothurea grisea and Isostichopus badionotus, from the red alga Botryocladia occidentalis, and from the marine sponge Desmapsamma anchorata. In vitro experiments demonstrated for most compounds significant inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum growth at low-anticoagulant concentrations. This activity was found to operate through inhibition of erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium, likely mediated by a coating of the parasite similar to that observed for heparin. In vivo four-day suppressive tests showed that several of the sulfated polysaccharides improved the survival of Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice. In one animal treated with I. badionotus fucan parasitemia was reduced from 10.4% to undetectable levels, and Western blot analysis revealed the presence of antibodies against P. yoelii antigens in its plasma. The retarded invasion mediated by sulfated polysaccharides, and the ensuing prolonged exposure of Plasmodium to the immune system, can be explored for the design of new therapeutic approaches against malaria where heparin-related polysaccharides of low anticoagulating activity could play a dual role as drugs and as potentiators of immune responses.
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Chang Y, Hu Y, Yu L, McClements DJ, Xu X, Liu G, Xue C. Primary structure and chain conformation of fucoidan extracted from sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 136:1091-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Chang Y, McClements DJ. Interfacial deposition of an anionic polysaccharide (fucoidan) on protein-coated lipid droplets: Impact on the stability of fish oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Mourão PAS. Perspective on the use of sulfated polysaccharides from marine organisms as a source of new antithrombotic drugs. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2770-84. [PMID: 25955754 PMCID: PMC4446605 DOI: 10.3390/md13052770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thromboembolic diseases are increasing worldwide and always require anticoagulant therapy. We still need safer and more secure antithrombotic drugs than those presently available. Sulfated polysaccharides from marine organisms may constitute a new source for the development of such drugs. Investigation of these compounds usually attempts to reproduce the therapeutic effects of heparin. However, we may need to follow different routes, focusing particularly in the following aspects: (1) defining precisely the specific structures required for interaction of these sulfated polysaccharides with proteins of the coagulation system; (2) looking for alternative mechanisms of action, distinct from those of heparin; (3) identifying side effects (mostly pro-coagulant action and hypotension rather than bleeding) and preparing derivatives that retain the desired antithrombotic action but are devoid of side effects; (4) considering that sulfated polysaccharides with low anticoagulant action on in vitro assays may display potent effects on animal models of experimental thrombosis; and finally (5) investigating the antithrombotic effect of these sulfated polysaccharides after oral administration or preparing derivatives that may achieve this effect. If these aspects are successfully addressed, sulfated polysaccharides from marine organisms may conquer the frontier of antithrombotic therapy and open new avenues for treatment or prevention of thromboembolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A S Mourão
- Connective Tissue Research Laboratory, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 68041, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil .
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37
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Atashrazm F, Lowenthal RM, Woods GM, Holloway AF, Dickinson JL. Fucoidan and cancer: a multifunctional molecule with anti-tumor potential. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2327-46. [PMID: 25874926 PMCID: PMC4413214 DOI: 10.3390/md13042327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a wide variety of cancer types yet, all share some common cellular and molecular behaviors. Most of the chemotherapeutic agents used in cancer treatment are designed to target common deregulated mechanisms within cancer cells. Many healthy tissues are also affected by the cytotoxic effects of these chemical agents. Fucoidan, a natural component of brown seaweed, has anti-cancer activity against various cancer types by targeting key apoptotic molecules. It also has beneficial effects as it can protect against toxicity associated with chemotherapeutic agents and radiation. Thus the synergistic effect of fucoidan with current anti-cancer agents is of considerable interest. This review discusses the mechanisms by which fucoidan retards tumor development, eradicates tumor cells and synergizes with anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Challenges to the development of fucoidan as an anti-cancer agent will also be discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Drugs, Investigational/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Investigational/adverse effects
- Drugs, Investigational/pharmacology
- Drugs, Investigational/therapeutic use
- Functional Food/analysis
- Humans
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- Models, Biological
- Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Phaeophyceae/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/administration & dosage
- Polysaccharides/adverse effects
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Polysaccharides/therapeutic use
- Seaweed/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Atashrazm
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Ray M Lowenthal
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Gregory M Woods
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Adele F Holloway
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Joanne L Dickinson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
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38
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Structural analysis and anticoagulant activities of the novel sulfated fucan possessing a regular well-defined repeating unit from sea cucumber. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2063-84. [PMID: 25871288 PMCID: PMC4413200 DOI: 10.3390/md13042063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfated fucans, the complex polysaccharides, exhibit various biological activities. Herein, we purified two fucans from the sea cucumbers Holothuria edulis and Ludwigothurea grisea. Their structures were verified by means of HPGPC, FT-IR, GC–MS and NMR. As a result, a novel structural motif for this type of polymers is reported. The fucans have a unique structure composed of a central core of regular (1→2) and (1→3)-linked tetrasaccharide repeating units. Approximately 50% of the units from L. grisea (100% for H. edulis fucan) contain sides of oligosaccharides formed by nonsulfated fucose units linked to the O-4 position of the central core. Anticoagulant activity assays indicate that the sea cucumber fucans strongly inhibit human blood clotting through the intrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade. Moreover, the mechanism of anticoagulant action of the fucans is selective inhibition of thrombin activity by heparin cofactor II. The distinctive tetrasaccharide repeating units contribute to the anticoagulant action. Additionally, unlike the fucans from marine alga, although the sea cucumber fucans have great molecular weights and affluent sulfates, they do not induce platelet aggregation. Overall, our results may be helpful in understanding the structure-function relationships of the well-defined polysaccharides from invertebrate as new types of safer anticoagulants.
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Panagos CG, Thomson DS, Moss C, Hughes AD, Kelly MS, Liu Y, Chai W, Venkatasamy R, Spina D, Page CP, Hogwood J, Woods RJ, Mulloy B, Bavington CD, Uhrín D. Fucosylated chondroitin sulfates from the body wall of the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali: conformation, selectin binding, and biological activity. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:28284-98. [PMID: 25147180 PMCID: PMC4192483 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.572297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (fCS) extracted from the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali is composed of the following repeating trisaccharide unit: → 3)GalNAcβ4,6S(1 → 4) [FucαX(1 → 3)]GlcAβ(1 →, where X stands for different sulfation patterns of fucose (X = 3,4S (46%), 2,4S (39%), and 4S (15%)). As revealed by NMR and molecular dynamics simulations, the fCS repeating unit adopts a conformation similar to that of the Le(x) blood group determinant, bringing several sulfate groups into close proximity and creating large negative patches distributed along the helical skeleton of the CS backbone. This may explain the high affinity of fCS oligosaccharides for L- and P-selectins as determined by microarray binding of fCS oligosaccharides prepared by Cu(2+)-catalyzed Fenton-type and photochemical depolymerization. No binding to E-selectin was observed. fCS poly- and oligosaccharides display low cytotoxicity in vitro, inhibit human neutrophil elastase activity, and inhibit the migration of neutrophils through an endothelial cell layer in vitro. Although the polysaccharide showed some anti-coagulant activity, small oligosaccharide fCS fragments had much reduced anticoagulant properties, with activity mainly via heparin cofactor II. The fCS polysaccharides showed prekallikrein activation comparable with dextran sulfate, whereas the fCS oligosaccharides caused almost no effect. The H. forskali fCS oligosaccharides were also tested in a mouse peritoneal inflammation model, where they caused a reduction in neutrophil infiltration. Overall, the data presented support the action of fCS as an inhibitor of selectin interactions, which play vital roles in inflammation and metastasis progression. Future studies of fCS-selectin interaction using fCS fragments or their mimetics may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos G Panagos
- From the EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, The King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek S Thomson
- GlycoMar Ltd., European Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Moss
- GlycoMar Ltd., European Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Adam D Hughes
- the Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Maeve S Kelly
- the Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Liu
- the Glycosciences Laboratory, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Wengang Chai
- the Glycosciences Laboratory, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Radhakrishnan Venkatasamy
- the Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Domenico Spina
- the Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Clive P Page
- the Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - John Hogwood
- the National Institute of Biological Standards and Controls, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Woods
- the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, and the School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Barbara Mulloy
- the Glycosciences Laboratory, Hammersmith Campus, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom, the Sackler Institute of Pulmonary Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie D Bavington
- GlycoMar Ltd., European Centre for Marine Biotechnology, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, United Kingdom
| | - Dušan Uhrín
- From the EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, The King's Buildings, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom,
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40
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Mélida H, Sain D, Stajich JE, Bulone V. Deciphering the uniqueness of Mucoromycotina cell walls by combining biochemical and phylogenomic approaches. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:1649-62. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Mélida
- Division of Glycoscience; School of Biotechnology; Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); AlbaNova University Centre; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Divya Sain
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology; University of California; Riverside CA 92507 USA
| | - Jason E. Stajich
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology; University of California; Riverside CA 92507 USA
| | - Vincent Bulone
- Division of Glycoscience; School of Biotechnology; Royal Institute of Technology (KTH); AlbaNova University Centre; Stockholm Sweden
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41
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Structure elucidation of fucoidan composed of a novel tetrafucose repeating unit from sea cucumber Thelenota ananas. Food Chem 2014; 146:113-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Yu L, Ge L, Xue C, Chang Y, Zhang C, Xu X, Wang Y. Structural study of fucoidan from sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides: A fucoidan containing novel tetrafucose repeating unit. Food Chem 2014; 142:197-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Xing R, Liu S, Yu H, Chen X, Qin Y, Li K, Li P. Extraction and separation of fucoidan from Laminaria japonica with chitosan as extractant. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:193689. [PMID: 24350250 PMCID: PMC3857745 DOI: 10.1155/2013/193689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein the extraction method of fucoidan from Laminaria japonica is reported. Firstly, chitosan, chitosan-N-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (HACC), and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CPAB) were used to extract the fucoidan. The results showed that chitosan was the optimal extractant compared with the other two extractants. After extraction, different aqueous solutions, including NaCl, KCl, and HCl (pH2), were used to separate fucoidan from chitosan-fucoidan complex. The results showed that the separation ability of NaCl was slightly higher than that of KCl. Moreover, the price of NaCl is lower than that of KCl. Given the quality-price rate, NaCl solution was chosen as the separation solution. Thirdly, the concentration and ratio of NaCl solution : sediment influence the separation of fucoidan from chitosan-fucoidan complex. The results showed that the optimal separation conditions include 4 mol/L NaCl solution with the ratio of NaCl solution to sediment at 30 : 1. Fucoidan content was found to be affected by different separation time. Fucoidan content increased with the increase of separation time, and the optimal separation time was 6 h. Compared with traditional alkali extraction method, this method not only reduces the usage of alkali and acid and alleviate environment pollution, but also has the comparable extraction yield of fucoidan. It is a potential method for extraction of fucoidan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronge Xing
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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44
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Chen S, Li G, Wu N, Guo X, Liao N, Ye X, Liu D, Xue C, Chai W. Sulfation pattern of the fucose branch is important for the anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of fucosylated chondroitin sulfates. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:3054-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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45
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Luo L, Wu M, Xu L, Lian W, Xiang J, Lu F, Gao N, Xiao C, Wang S, Zhao J. Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and anticoagulant activities of polysaccharides from three sea cucumbers. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:399-417. [PMID: 23385300 PMCID: PMC3640388 DOI: 10.3390/md11020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to search for sulfated polysaccharides in different invertebrate connective tissues and to examine their biological activities, we have isolated three types of polysaccharides from the body wall of the three sea cucumbers Holothuria edulis, Apostichopus japonicas and Holothuria nobilis. The physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities of these polysaccharides were examined and compared. The chemical composition analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicate that two types of polysaccharides, sulfated fucan and fucosylated chondroitin sulfate (FuCS), were found in all of the three species and in addition a neutral glycan was observed in H. edulis. The neutral α-glucan was firstly obtained from sea cucumber. The same type of polysaccharides from different species of sea cucumbers have similar physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities, but those of different types of glycans are significantly different, possibly due to their different monosaccharide compositions, electric charges and average molecular weights. The FuCSs have stronger anticoagulant activities than the sulfated fucans, although the molecular sizes of the FuCSs are lower than those of the sulfated fucans, whereas the neutral glucan has no activity, as expected from the absence of sulfate. Thus, anticoagulant activities of the different type of polysaccharides are likely to relate to monosaccharide composition and sulfate content. Preliminary analysis suggests that the sulfation patterns of the FuCSs may result in the difference in anticoagulant activities. Our data could help elucidate the structure-activity relationship of the sea cucumber polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China; E-Mail:
| | - Mingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Wu Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Jingying Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Feng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Chuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
| | - Shengmin Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China; E-Mail:
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (M.W.); (L.X.); (W.L.); (J.X.); (F.L.); (N.G.); (C.X.)
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Wu N, Ye X, Guo X, Liao N, Yin X, Hu Y, Sun Y, Liu D, Chen S. Depolymerization of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber, Pearsonothuria graeffei, via 60Co irradiation. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 93:604-14. [PMID: 23499102 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A method for depolymerization of a novel fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from Pearsonothuria graeffei (fCS-Pg) using (60)Co irradiation in water solution was developed in the current study. Fragments with varying molecular weights were obtained by (60)Co irradiation at different dosages and sample concentrations. The chemical compositions and structures of these fragments were further investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Our results indicated that (60)Co irradiation induced depolymerization via selective breakage of glucuronic acid units in the fCS-Pg backbone, with no obvious influence on sulfated fucose branches under mild conditions. The recommended conditions for fCS-Pg degradation were 2-10% solution concentration and irradiation dosages of 10-50kGy. The anticoagulant activities of the low molecular weight fragments were additionally evaluated. Notably, anticoagulant activities were reduced with decreasing molecular weights. Compared to the native fCS-Pg, low molecular weight fragments displayed significantly decreased anticoagulant activities. Based on the collective findings, we propose that these fragments are potentially applicable as antithrombotic agents with reduced bleeding risk relative to native fCS-Pg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wu
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Matsuhiro B, Osorio-Román IO, Torres R. Vibrational spectroscopy characterization and anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from sea cucumber Athyonidium chilensis. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sequence determination and anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of a novel sulfated fucan isolated from the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:989-1000. [PMID: 22446377 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim is to analyze the structure, anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities of a sulfated fucan isolated from sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus (fucan-Ib). METHODS Fucan-Ib was hydrolyzed under mild acid conditions. The oligosaccharide fragments were fractionated by gel-filtration chromatography and the structures were determined by negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation and two-dimensional NMR. Anticoagulant activities were measured by activated partial thromboplastin, thrombin and prothrombin times, and by in vitro inhibition experiments with factors IIa and Xa. Antithrombotic activities were determined in vitro by measuring the length and weight of the thrombus generated. RESULT The linear polysaccharide sequence of fucan-Ib was deduced from the structures of its oligosaccharide fragments produced by acid hydrolysis. Under mild conditions, the glycosidic bonds between the non-sulfated and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residues were selectively cleaved and highly ordered oligosaccharide fragments with a tetrasaccharide repeating unit [→3Fuc(2S,4S)α1→3Fuc(2S)α1→3Fuc(2S)α1→3Fucα1→]n were obtained. In in vitro assays fucan-Ib showed good anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities compared with heparin and the fucosylated chondroitin sulfate isolated from the same source (fCS-Ib). The two polysaccharides, fucan-Ib and fCS-Ib, differ in the mechanism of action; the former exhibited activity mainly by potentiation of antithrombin acted on thrombin and factor Xa whereas the latter mainly through heparin cofactor II. CONCLUSION Fucan-Ib has a well defined structure with tetrasaccharide tandem repeats and good anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities. GENERAL IMPORTANCE: Fucan-Ib has a well defined structure and can be readily quality-controlled, and therefore has potential therapeutic value as an affective antithrombotic drug with low risk of bleeding.
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