1
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Alnasr H, Mroß D, Platzek A, Nayyar B, Řičica T, Schollmeyer D, Jambor R, Hoffmann A, Jurkschat K. Intramolecularly O,N,O-Coordinated Tin(II) Salts: Syntheses, Structures, Cyclization, and Transition Metal Complexation. Chemistry 2024:e202400580. [PMID: 38838081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
We report the syntheses of tin(II) salts of the types [L1SnX]SnX3 [L1=2,6-{(i-PrO)2(O)P}2C5H3N: 1, X=Cl; 2, X=Br], [L2SnCl]SnCl3 [L2=2-{(i-PrO)Ph(O)P}-6-{(i-PrO)2(O)P}C5H3N: 3], [L3SnX]SnX3 [L3=2,6-{MeO(O)C}2C5H3N: 4, X=Cl; 5, X=Br], [L4SnX]SnX3 [L4=2,6-{Et2N(O)C}2C5H3N: 6, X=Cl; 7, X=Br]. These compounds were obtained by addition of SnX2 to the corresponding ligand inducing autoionization of the respective tin(II) halide. The thermal stability of 1, 3, and 4 was elucidated, giving, under ester cleavage and cyclisation, the tin(II) derivatives 8-12. The reaction of [L1SnCl]SnCl3 (1) with W(CO)4(thf)2 afforded the tungsten tetracarbonyl complex [{L1SnCl}{SnCl3}W(CO)4] (13), representing the first example in which a tin(II) stannate anion and a tin(II) stannylium cation simultaneously coordinate to a transition metal centre. The compounds were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and in part by elemental analyses, IR and NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. DFT calculations accompany the experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Alnasr
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - David Mroß
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - André Platzek
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bastian Nayyar
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tomáš Řičica
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Department Chemie, Zentrale Analytik, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 53210, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Landoltweg 1a, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Steller BG, Roller CA, Flock M, Fischer RC. An Air-Stable Storage Compound for White Phosphorus: Reversible Addition to a Stannylene and Chemical Release of P 4. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400168. [PMID: 38578726 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Controlled insertion into a single P-P bond of white phosphorus (P4) was achieved by employing a diaryl stabilized stannylene, Ar*2Sn (Ar*=2,6-bis(benzhydryl)-4-iPr-phenyl). Conversions of the stannylene with P4 gave a non-pyrophoric, air-stable storage compound, which releases P4 quantitively upon irradiation with light (354 or 455 nm). Alternatively, the phosphorus cage is detached by reacting the storage compound with PhChChPh (Ch=Se, Te). Despite the recent advances in the directed conversion of P4 using main group element compounds, Ar*2Sn constitutes only the second structurally characterized example of a stannylene capable of performing controlled, reversible addition and release of white phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate G Steller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Clara A Roller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Flock
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Roland C Fischer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/V, 8010, Graz, Austria
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3
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Tschernuth FS, Kostenko A, Stigler S, Gradenegger A, Inoue S. A neutral germanium-centred hard and soft lewis superacid and its unique reactivity towards hydrosilanes. Dalton Trans 2023; 53:74-81. [PMID: 38032271 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The germanium-centred Lewis superacid Ge(pinF)2 (1) was isolated as acetonitrile mono-adduct 1·MeCN and thoroughly characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography and quantum chemical calculations. Ion abstraction and NMR experiments revealed the hard as well as soft Lewis superacidic nature of 1·MeCN. The title compound readily activates hydrosilanes such as Et3SiH, which is not feasible for its harder silicon homologue 2·MeCN, and even reacts with Et3SiF. The strongly coordinating acetonitrile could be abstracted by B(C6F5), giving the donor-free Ge(pinF)2 (1) and Si(pinF)2 (2) which are Lewis superacids. Unlike 1·MeCN, the donor-free 1 efficiently catalyses hydrosilylation of α-methylstyrene by Et3SiH. For this process, an inverse temperature dependence was observed, i.e. a complete conversion was achieved rapidly when the reaction was cooled to -35 °C, but the reaction stopped at elevated temperatures. Mechanistic investigations, including stoichiometric experiments and quantum chemical calculations, outlined the formation of germylene Ge(pinF) (3), which acts as the active catalyst. The germylene is formed by reductive elimination of the silylated pinacol from the hydrogermane intermediate, which is obtained by the initial reaction of 1 with Et3SiH. The inverse temperature dependence of the catalytic reaction could be explained by low entropy associated with the complexation of two cooperating germylenes and the substrates. With this example we introduce an in situ generated Lewis acidic germylene complex for catalytic hydrosilylation of olefins and again exemplify the great potential of main-group-element-based complexes in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian S Tschernuth
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Wacker-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Arseni Kostenko
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Wacker-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Stigler
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Wacker-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Anna Gradenegger
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Wacker-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Wacker-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.
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4
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Jin D, Sun X, Naina VR, Roesky PW. Diverse Reactions of Formazanate/Formazan with Tetrylenes: Reduction, C-H Bond Activation, Substitution and Addition. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301958. [PMID: 37498231 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of the formazanate potassium salt [LtBu K(thf)] (LtBu= PhNNC(4-t BuPh)NNPh) with the group 14 chlorotetrylenes [{PhC(t BuN)2 }ECl] (E=Si, Ge, Sn) was investigated. Three corresponding compounds with unique configurations were formed, demonstrating the diverse reactivity of the system. In addition to the anticipated salt metathesis reactions of the potassium salt with the chlorine function of tetrylenes, unexpected reduction/insertion steps into the N=N bond of the formazanate (Si, Ge) and subsequent C-H activation (Ge) were also observed. Furthermore, when the neutral formazan ligand [LtBu H] was exposed to silylenes [{PhC(t BuN)2 }SiCl] and [LPh SiNMePy], substitution and addition reactions occurred. These discoveries significantly enrich the diversity of formazanate/formazan redox chemistry, opening up new avenues for exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Jin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vanitha R Naina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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5
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Heinz M, Arrowsmith M, Schweizer JI, Krummenacher I, Holthausen MC, Braunschweig H. Experimental and Computational Study of a Confirmed Borylene-to-Diborene Dimerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22685-22696. [PMID: 37802099 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
While the dimerization of heavier group 13 carbene analogues to the corresponding alkene analogues is known and relatively well understood, the dimerization of dicoordinate borylenes (LRB:, L = neutral donor; R = anionic substituent) to the corresponding diborenes (LRB═BRL) has never been directly observed. In this study we present the first example of a formal borylene-to-diborene dimerization through abstraction of a labile phosphine ligand from the tricoordinate hydroborylene precursor (CAAC)(Me3P)BH (CAAC = cyclic alkyl(amino)carbene) by bulky Lewis-acidic dihaloboranes (BX2Y, X = Cl, Br, Y = aryl, boryl), generating the corresponding dihydrodiborene (CAAC)HB═BH(CAAC) and (Me3P)BX2Y as the byproduct. An in-depth experimental and computational mechanistic analysis shows that this seemingly simple process (2 LL'BH + 2 BX2Y → LHB═BHL + 2 L'BX2Y) is in fact based on a complex sequence of finely tuned processes, involving the one-electron oxidation of and PMe3 abstraction from the borylene precursor by BX2Y, multiple halide transfers between (di)boron intermediates and BX2Y/[BX3Y]-, and multiple one-electron redox processes between diboron intermediates and the borylene precursor, which make the reaction ultimately autocatalytic in [(CAAC)(Me3P)BH]•+. The findings suggest that [LBXR]• boryl radicals are more likely coupling partners than dicoordinate LRB: borylenes in the reductive coupling of base-stabilized LBX2R boranes to LRB═BRL diborenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron Heinz
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia I Schweizer
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Phung A, Fettinger JC, Power PP. Synthesis, Structure, and Spectroscopy of the Biscarboranyl Stannylenes ( bc)Sn·THF and K 2[( bc)Sn] 2 ( bc = 1,1'( ortho-Biscarborane)) and Dibiscarboranyl Ethene ( bc)CH=CH( bc). Organometallics 2023; 42:1649-1657. [PMID: 37448537 PMCID: PMC10337257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds containing a Sn(II) atom supported by a bidentate biscarborane ligand have been synthesized via salt metathesis. The synthetic procedures for (bc)Sn·THF (bc = 1,1' (ortho-carborane) (1) and K2[(bc)Sn]2 (2) involved the reaction of K2[bc] with SnCl2 in either a THF solution (1) or in a benzene/dichloromethane solvent mixture (2). Using the same solvent conditions as those used for 2 but using a shorter reaction time gave a dibiscarboranyl ethene (3). The products were characterized by 1H, 13C, 11B, 119Sn NMR, UV-vis, and IR spectroscopy, and by X-ray crystallography. The diffraction data for 1 and 2 show that the Sn atom has a trigonal pyramid environment and is constrained by the bc ligand in a planar five-membered C4Sn heterocycle. The 119Sn NMR spectrum of 1 displays a triplet of triplets pattern signal, which is unexpected given the absence of a Sn-H signal in the 1H NMR, IR spectrum, and X-ray crystallographic data. However, a comparison with other organotin compounds featuring a Sn atom bonded to carboranes reveal similar multiplets in their 119Sn NMR spectra, likely arising from long-range nuclear spin-spin coupling between the carboranyl 11B and 119Sn nuclei. Compound 3 displays structural and spectroscopic characteristics typical of conjugated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice
C. Phung
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James C. Fettinger
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Philip P. Power
- Department of Chemistry, University
of California, 1 Shields
Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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7
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Sikora P, Naumann R, Förster C, Heinze K. Excited state energy landscape of phosphorescent group 14 complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2489-2500. [PMID: 36908954 PMCID: PMC9993841 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06984a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been achieved on phosphorescent or photoactive complexes of the Earth-abundant transition metals, while examples for phosphorescent heavy main group element complexes are rare, in particular for group 14 complexes in the oxidation state +II. The known compounds often show only weak phosphorescence with fast non-radiative deactivation. The underlying photophysical processes and the nature of the phosphorescent electronic states have remained essentially unexplored. The present combined photophysical and theoretical study on tin(ii) and lead(ii) complexes E(bpep) with the dianionic tridentate ligand bpep2- (E = Sn, Pb; H2bpep = 2-[1,1-bis(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethyl]pyridine) provides unprecedented insight in the excited state energy landscape of tetrel(ii) complexes. The tin complex shows green intraligand charge transfer (ILCT) phosphorescence both in solution and in the solid state. In spite of its larger heavy-atom effect, the lead complex only shows very weak red phosphorescence from a strongly distorted ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) state at low temperatures in the solid state. Detailed (TD-)DFT calculations explain these observations and delineate the major path of non-radiative deactivation via distorted LMCT states. These novel insights provide rational design principles for tetrel(ii) complexes with long-lived phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Sikora
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Robert Naumann
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Christoph Förster
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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8
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Zhao X, Szilvási T, Hanusch F, Kelly JA, Fujimori S, Inoue S. Isolation and Reactivity of Tetrylene-Tetrylone-Iron Complexes Supported by Bis(N-Heterocyclic Imine) Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208930. [PMID: 35925668 PMCID: PMC9804675 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The germanium iron carbonyl complex 3 was prepared by the reaction of dimeric chloro(imino)germylene [IPrNGeCl]2 (IPrN=bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-iminato) with one equivalent of Collman's reagent (Na2 Fe(CO)4 ) at room temperature. Similarly, the reaction of chloro(imino)stannylene [IPrNSnCl]2 with Na2 Fe(CO)4 (1 equiv) resulted in the Fe(CO)4 -bridged bis(stannylene) complex 4. We observed reversible formation of bis(tetrylene) and tetrylene-tetrylone character in complexes 3 vs. 5 and 4 vs. 6, which was supported by DFT calculations. Moreover, the Li/Sn/Fe trimetallic complex 12 has been isolated from the reaction of [IPrNSnCl]2 with cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl anion. The computational analysis further rationalizes the reduction pathway from these chlorotetrylenes to the corresponding complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan‐Xuan Zhao
- School of Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA
| | - Franziska Hanusch
- School of Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - John A. Kelly
- School of Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Shiori Fujimori
- School of Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- School of Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryWACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
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9
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Zhao XX, Szilvási T, Hanusch F, Kelly J, Fujimori S, Inoue S. Isolation and Reactivity of Tetrylene‐Tetrylone‐Iron Complexes Supported by Bis(N‐Heterocyclic Imine) Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Xuan Zhao
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- The University of Alabama Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Franziska Hanusch
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - John Kelly
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Shiori Fujimori
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Technische Universität München Fakultät für Chemie Lichtenbergstraße 485748 Garching 85748 Garching bei München GERMANY
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10
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Takahashi S, Sekiguchi J, Nakaya K, Ishii A, Nakata N. Halogen-Exchange Reactions of Iminophosphonamido-Chlorosilylenes with Alkali Halides: Convenient Synthesis of Heavier Halosilylenes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7266-7273. [PMID: 35512183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Halogen-substituted silylenes are an important building block for synthesizing silicon-based low-valent and multiple-bond species. However, the number of reports on heavier halosilylenes that contain bromine and iodine is still limited. Here, we present a convenient synthesis for bromo- and iodosilylenes supported by an iminophosphonamide ligand. The heavier halosilylenes [Ph2P(tBuN)2]SiX (2: X = Br, 3: X = I) were successfully synthesized via the halogen-exchange reaction of chlorosilylene 1 with alkali halides in THF. As a demonstration of the reactivity of 2 and 3, oxidative addition reactions of 2 and 3 with elemental selenium in C6D6 afforded the corresponding bromo- (5) or iodosilylene-selone (6) as colorless crystals. The molecular structures of 2, 3, 5, and 6 were fully characterized by spectroscopic means and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the effects of the halogen atom on the electronic state of halosilylenes 1-3 and halosilylene-selones 4-6 were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Jueri Sekiguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakaya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Norio Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
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11
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Aysin RR, Lalov AV, Bukalov SS. Probing the aromaticity in 2,3-pyrido-annulated N-heterocyclic carbene and its heavier analogues. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Zabalov MV, Syroeshkin MA, Mankaev BN, Timofeev SV, Egorov MP, Karlov SS. Search for tetrylene structures that can exhibit catalytic activity: a quantum chemical approach. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Tiessen N, Keßler M, Neumann B, Stammler H, Hoge B. Nachweis des Lewis‐amphoteren Charakters von Tris(pentafluorethyl)silanid, [Si(C
2
F
5
)
3
]
−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tiessen
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Mira Keßler
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Chemie Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Deutschland
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14
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Tiessen N, Keßler M, Neumann B, Stammler H, Hoge B. Evidence of the Lewis-Amphoteric Character of Tris(pentafluoroethyl)silanide, [Si(C 2 F 5 ) 3 ] . Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12124-12131. [PMID: 33617080 PMCID: PMC8252080 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
According to a first view on the geometrical and electronic structure of the tris(pentafluoroethyl)silanide, this anion appears as a Lewis base. Quantum chemical calculations on perfluoroalkylated silanides show significantly lower HOMO and LUMO energy levels in comparison to their non-fluorinated counterparts, which implies reduced Lewis basicity and increased Lewis acidity of the [Si(C2 F5 )3 ]- ion. With these findings and a HOMO-LUMO gap of 4.80 eV similar to N-heterocyclic silylenes (NHSis), perfluoroalkyl silanides are predestined to exhibit Lewis-amphoteric character similar to silylenes. Deprotonation of Si(C2 F5 )3 H with sterically demanding phosphazene bases afforded thermally stable phosphazenium salts of the [Si(C2 F5 )3 ]- anion, which add to benzaldehyde, benzophenone, CS2 , and CO2 in various manners. This behavior also mirrors the reactivity of silylenes towards ketones as well as heterocumulenes and is rationalized by Lewis amphotericity being inherent in these silanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Tiessen
- Universität BielefeldFakultät für ChemieCentrum für Molekulare MaterialienUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Mira Keßler
- Universität BielefeldFakultät für ChemieCentrum für Molekulare MaterialienUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Universität BielefeldFakultät für ChemieCentrum für Molekulare MaterialienUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Universität BielefeldFakultät für ChemieCentrum für Molekulare MaterialienUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Universität BielefeldFakultät für ChemieCentrum für Molekulare MaterialienUniversitätsstrasse 2533615BielefeldGermany
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15
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Hassanpour A, Heravi MRP, Rahmani Z, Ebadi A, Ahmadi S. Characterization of novel pyridine‐derived
N
‐heterocyclic silylenes via density functional theory perspective. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Hassanpour
- Departmen of Chemistry, Marand Branch Islami Azad University Marand Iran
| | | | - Zahra Rahmani
- Departmen of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch Islami Azad University Tabriz Iran
| | - Abdolghaffar Ebadi
- Department of Agriculture, Jouybar Branch Islamic Azad University Jouybar Iran
| | - Sheida Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry Payame Noor University Tehran Iran
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16
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Abedini N, Kassaee MZ. Substitution effects on novel bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-silylenes by DFT. J Mol Model 2021; 27:121. [PMID: 33821315 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Substitution effects on stability (ΔΕs-t) of novel singlet and triplet forms of bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-silylenes are compared and contrasted, at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory. All species appear as ground state minima on their energy surface, for showing no negative force constant. Singlets (1s-24s) are ground state and more stable than their corresponding triplets (1t-24t). The most stable scrutinized silylenes appear to be 2,3-disilabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-silylene (9) for showing the highest value of ΔEs-t. This stability can be related to our imposed topology and β-silicon effect. The band gaps (ΔΕHOMO-LUMO) show the same trend as ΔEs-t and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies. Also, the electrophilicity appears inverse correlation with our results of ΔΕs-t. The purpose of the present work was to assess the influence of 1 to 6 silicon substitutions on the stability, band gaps, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, and proton affinity. Finally, our investigation introduces novel silylenes with possible applications in chemistry such as semiconductors, cumulated multidentate ligands, etc. Synopsis Substitution effects on stability (ΔΕs-t) of novel singlet (s) and triplet (t) forms of bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-silylenes are compared and contrasted, at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory. All species appear as ground state minima on their energy surface, for showing no negative force constant. Singlets (1s-24s) are ground state and more stable than their corresponding triplets (1t-24t). The most stable scrutinized silylenes appear to be 2,3-disilabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-7-silylene (9) for showing the highest value of ΔEs-t. This stability can be related to our imposed topology and β-silicon effect. The purpose of the present work was to assess the influence of 1 to 6 silicon substitutions on stability (ΔΕs-t), band gaps (ΔΕHOMO-LUMO), nucleophilicity (N), electrophilicity (ω), and proton affinity (ΔΕPA). Finally, this new generation has the intrinsic potential to form accumulated multidentate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Abedini
- Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-175, Iran
| | - Mohamad Z Kassaee
- Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 14115-175, Iran.
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17
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Krahfuss MJ, Radius U. N-Heterocyclic silylenes as ambiphilic activators and ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:6752-6765. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00617g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments of the use of N-heterocyclic silylenes (NHSis), higher homologues of Arduengo-carbenes, as ambiphilic activators and ligands are highlighted and a comparison of NHSi ligands with NHC and phosphine ligands is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam J. Krahfuss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg
- D-97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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18
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New N-heterocyclic plumbylenes (NHPbs) and their complexes with palladium and platinum by DFT. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01603-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Deak N, Madec D, Nemes G. The Role of Monoanionic Aryl Pincer Ligands in the Stabilization of Group 14 Metallylenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Deak
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
- Facultatea de Chimie şi Inginerie Chimică Departamentul de Chimie Universitatea Babeş‐Bolyai str. Arany Janos, nr. 11 400028 Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - David Madec
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069) Université de Toulouse, CNRS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Gabriela Nemes
- Facultatea de Chimie şi Inginerie Chimică Departamentul de Chimie Universitatea Babeş‐Bolyai str. Arany Janos, nr. 11 400028 Cluj‐Napoca Romania
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20
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Ayoubi‐Chianeh M, Kassaee MZ. Novel halogenated cyclopentasilylene‐2,4‐dienes via
DFT. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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21
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Ayoubi‐Chianeh M, Kassaee MZ. Novel triplet silavinylidenes
via
density functional theory. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Suzuki F, Nishino R, Yukimoto M, Sugamata K, Minoura M. Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of a Thermally Stable Dialkylgermylene. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Yukimoto
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Koh Sugamata
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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23
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Soleimani Purlak N, Kassaee MZ. From singlet R
2
Si silylene to triplet R
2
Si═Si ground state by DFT. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Minami Y, Konishi A, Yasuda M. Synthesis of α-Alkenyl α,β-Unsaturated Ketones via Dehydrogermylation of Oxagermacycles with Regeneration of the Germanium(II) Species. Org Lett 2019; 21:9818-9823. [PMID: 31682128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-alkenyl α,β-unsaturated ketones using germanium(II) salts is reported. Oxagermacycles derived from α,β-unsaturated ketones with germanium(II) salts and aldehydes can be transformed into α-alkenyl α,β-unsaturated ketones. Ammonium salts promoted the elimination of Ge(II) species to afford the two classes of α-alkenyl α,β-unsaturated ketones in good yields. The α-alkenyl α,β-unsaturated ketones are precursors for multisubstituted heterocycles.
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25
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Rao B, Kinjo R. A Cyclic (Alkyl)(boryl)germylene Derived from a Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)germylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18150-18153. [PMID: 31596041 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A cyclic (alkyl)(amino)germylene undergoes a ring expansion reaction with dibromomesitylborane (MesBBr2 ) to afford a six-membered dibromogermane derivative. In the presence of Lewis bases (PMe3 or Me NHC), reduction of the latter with two equivalents of potassium graphite (KC8 ) gives rise to cyclic (alkyl)(boryl)germylene-Lewis base adducts. Upon heating, the germylene-PMe3 adduct reacts with H2 to yield a germane, probably via a base-free germylene featuring a small HOMO-LUMO gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Rao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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26
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Weller S, Schlindwein SH, Feil CM, Kelemen Z, Buzsáki D, Nyulászi L, Isenberg S, Pietschnig R, Nieger M, Gudat D. A Ferrocenophane-Based Diaminophosphenium Ion. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Weller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon H. Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph M. Feil
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zsolt Kelemen
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Buzsáki
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Nyulászi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefan Isenberg
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pietschnig
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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27
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Rao B, Kinjo R. A Cyclic (Alkyl)(boryl)germylene Derived from a Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)germylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Rao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological ChemistrySchool of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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28
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Lin TH, Lee GH, Peng SM, Chiu CW, Chen HY. Benzannulated N-heterocyclic plumbylene: An efficient catalyst in ring opening polymerization of -lactide. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Piskunov AV, Tsys KV, Chegerev MG, Cherkasov AV. Tin(II) Complexes Based on N-Alkyl-Substituted o-Amidophenolate Ligands: Acid–Base and Redox Transformations. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419090069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Tetrylenes based on tri- and tetradentate ONO-, NNO-, NNN-, and ONNO-type ligands: synthesis, structure, and reactivity. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Ayoubi‐Chianeh M, Kassaee MZ. Toward triplet disilavinylidenes: A Hammett electronic survey for substituent effects on singlet‐triplet energy gaps of silylenes by DFT. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Yadav D, Singh D, Sarkar D, Sinhababu S, Sharma MK, Nagendran S. Reactivity studies on aminotroponiminatogermylene stabilized ruthenium(II) complexes. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Suter R, Swidan A, Macdonald CLB, Burford N, Ferguson MJ. Halogen and Sulfur Oxidation of Germanium and Tin Dications. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6238-6245. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Suter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - Ala’aeddeen Swidan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Charles L. B. Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Neil Burford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3 V6, Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
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34
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Rao B, Wang L, Kinjo R. Borane-Catalyzed Cross-Metathesis Strategy for Facile Transformation of Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Germylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:231-235. [PMID: 30447043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A borane B(C6 F5 )3 -catalyzed metathesis reaction between the Si-C bond in the cyclic (alkyl)(amino)germylene (CAAGe) 1 and the Si-H bond in a silane (R3 SiH; 2) is reported. Mechanistic studies propose that the initial step of the reaction involves Si-H bond activation to furnish an ionic species [1-SiR3 ]+ [HB(C6 F5 )3 ]- , from which [Me3 Si]+ [HB(C6 F5 )3 ]- and an azagermole intermediate are generated. The former yields Me3 SiH concomitant with the regeneration of B(C6 F5 )3 whereas the latter undergoes isomerization to afford CAAGes bearing various silyl groups on the carbon atom next to the germylene center. This strategy allows the straightforward synthesis of eight new CAAGes starting from 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Rao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Liliang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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35
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Sinhababu S, Sharma MK, Mahawar P, Kaur S, Singh VK, Paliwal A, Yadav D, Kashyap HK, Nagendran S. Germylene stabilized group 12 metal complexes and their reactivity with chalcogens. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:16366-16376. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04589e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports the first examples of germylene stabilized cadmium complexes 3, 6, and 7, and novel germylene zinc complexes 2 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Sinhababu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | | | - Pritam Mahawar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Vivek Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Akhil Paliwal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Dhirendra Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Hemant K. Kashyap
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Selvarajan Nagendran
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
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36
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Rao B, Wang L, Kinjo R. Borane-Catalyzed Cross-Metathesis Strategy for Facile Transformation of Cyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Germylenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Rao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Liliang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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37
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Förster C, Becker PM, Heinze K. A Ferrocenyl Amino Substituted Stannylene as an Intramolecular Fe→Sn Lewis Adduct. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Förster
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Patrick M. Becker
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
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38
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Duffy IR, Leigh WJ. Fast kinetics studies of the Lewis acid-base complexation of transient stannylenes with σ- and π-donors in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20555-20570. [PMID: 30052251 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03580f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Lewis acid-base complexation chemistry of dimethyl- and diphenylstannylene (SnMe2 and SnPh2, respectively) in hexanes solution has been studied by laser photolysis methods. Complexation of the two stannylenes with a series of nine O-, S-, and N-donors (including cyclic and acyclic dialkyl ethers and sulfides, a primary, secondary, and tertiary amine, ethyl acetate and acetone), two alkenes, and an alkyne proceeds rapidly and reversibly to generate the corresponding stannylene-donor Lewis pairs, which have been detected in each case by time-resolved UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The complexes exhibit UV-vis absorption maxima in the range of λmax ∼ 310-405 nm depending on the donor and substitution at tin. Bimolecular rate constants for complexation (kC), which could be determined for 14 of the 24 Lewis pairs that were studied, were found to fall within a factor of four of the diffusional limit in all cases, with SnMe2 showing consistently higher reactivity than SnPh2. Equilibrium constants for complexation (KC) could be measured for all but one of the stannylene-π- and O-donor pairs, the values corresponding to (gas phase) binding free energies in the range of +1.1 to -3.9 kcal mol-1. Comparison of the experimental equilibrium constants for complexation of SnMe2 and SnPh2 with methanol and diethyl ether to those measured previously for the homologous silylenes and germylenes indicates that Lewis acidity decreases in the order SiR2 > SnR2 > GeR2 for both the dimethyl- and diphenyltetrylene series, the diphenyl derivatives exhibiting significantly stronger Lewis acidity in all three cases. The experimental trends in the binding energies and UV-vis spectra of the complexes are reproduced well by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which have been carried out at the (TD)ωB97XD/def2-TZVP level of theory. The experimental data also show evidence of a reaction between tetramethyldistannene (Me2Sn[double bond, length as m-dash]SnMe2, 4a) and amine donors, which is suggested to afford the corresponding amine-stabilized stannylidenestannylene structure. The mechanistic proposal is supported by DFT calculations of the complexation of 4a and SnMe2 with model O-, S- and N-donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Duffy
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1.
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Nayyar B, Alnasr H, Hiller W, Jurkschat K. N-Functionalized Ferrocenes: Subvalent Group XIV Element Chlorides and tert-Butyllithium-Induced C-C Bond Cleavage under Mild Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5544-5547. [PMID: 29450955 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The ferrocene derivative (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArNCH)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )} (1; Ar=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )) reacts diastereoselectively with LiR by carbolithiation and subsequent hydrolysis to give (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArHNCHR)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )} (3: R=tBu; 4: R=Ph; 5: R=Me) in high yields. For R=tBu, the organolithium derivative (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArLiNCHR)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )} (2) was isolated. Compound 2 reacts with GeCl2 ⋅dioxane and SnCl2 to give the metallylene amide chlorides (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArMNCHtBu)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )} 6 (M=GeCl) and 7 (M=SnCl), respectively, which each contain three stereogenic centers. The potential of 7 as a ligand in transition-metal chemistry is demonstrated by formation of its complex (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArMNCHtBu)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )} [9, M= Sn(Cl)W(CO)5 ]. Treatment of 3 with tert-butyllithium at room temperature causes an unprecedented carbon-carbon bond cleavage whereas under kinetic control, lithiation at the Cp-3 position takes place, which leads to the isolation of (η5 -Cp)Fe{η5 -C5 H3 -1-(ArHNCHtBu)-2-(CH2 NMe2 )-3-SiMe3 } (10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Nayyar
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hazem Alnasr
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wolf Hiller
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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40
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Sharma MK, Sinhababu S, Yadav D, Mukherjee G, Rajaraman G, Nagendran S. Pseudohalogenogermylenes versus Halogenogermylenes: Difference in their Complexation Behavior towards Group 6 Metal Carbonyls. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1357-1365. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Soumen Sinhababu
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Dhirendra Yadav
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | - Selvarajan Nagendran
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Hauz Khas New Delhi 110 016 India
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41
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Nayyar B, Alnasr H, Hiller W, Jurkschat K. N-funktionalisierte Ferrocene. Niedervalente Elementchloride der XIV. Gruppe und eine durchtert-Butyllithium induzierte C-C-Bindungsspaltung unter milden Bedingungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Nayyar
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Hazem Alnasr
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Wolf Hiller
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Klaus Jurkschat
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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42
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Yukimoto M, Nishino R, Suzuki F, Ishihara M, Sugamata K, Minoura M. Synthesis of a Peripherally Extended Triptycyl Group as an Aliphatic Steric Protection Group and Its Application to the Kinetic Stabilization of an Aliphatic Sulfenic Acid. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.171230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Yukimoto
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Michihiro Ishihara
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Koh Sugamata
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Mao Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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43
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Septelean R, Moraru IT, Kocsor TG, Deak N, Saffon-Merceron N, Castel A, Nemes G. Computational and experimental investigation of phosphaalkenyl germylenes from donor-acceptor perspective. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Suzuki Y, Sasamori T, Guo JD, Tokitoh N. A Redox-Active Bis(ferrocenyl)germylene and Its Reactivity. Chemistry 2018; 24:364-368. [PMID: 29193403 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bis(ferrocenyl)germylene Fc*2 Ge: [2; Fc*=2,5-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-1-ferrocenyl] was isolated in the form of red crystals from the reaction of the sterically demanding ferrocenyl lithium dimer (Fc*Li)2 and GeI2 . Bis(ferrocenyl)germylene 2 exhibits extraordinary thermal stability in hydrocarbon solution and the solid state, as well as stable redox behavior. Moreover, it undergoes a ligand-redistribution reaction with GeCl2 ⋅(dioxane) to afford the corresponding chlorogermylene, which was isolated upon coordination with PBu3 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Suzuki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sasamori
- Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, Yamanohata 1, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8501, Japan
| | - Jing-Dong Guo
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Norihiro Tokitoh
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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45
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Sharma MK, Singh D, Mahawar P, Yadav R, Nagendran S. Catalytic cyanosilylation using germylene stabilized platinum(ii) dicyanide. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:5943-5947. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00043c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic cyanosilylation using platinum compound 3 is reported. Compound 3 is a germylene stabilized platinum(ii) dicyanide, trans-{(iBu)2ATIGe(iPr)}2Pt(CN)2 (ATI = aminotroponiminate).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Pritam Mahawar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Ravi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
| | - Selvarajan Nagendran
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110 016
- India
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46
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Teichmann J, Wagner M. Silicon chemistry in zero to three dimensions: from dichlorosilylene to silafullerane. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1397-1412. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09063c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the simplest examples of functionalized Si(ii) species, the SiCl2/[SiCl3]− system is not only fundamentally interesting, but also an important starting point for the assembly of oligosilane chains, rings, and clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Teichmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
- 60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
| | - M. Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
- 60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
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Wiederkehr J, Wölper C, Schulz S. Synthesis, solid-state structures and reduction reactions of heteroleptic Ge(II) and Sn(II) β-ketoiminate complexes. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2017-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A series of new heteroleptic divalent germaniun and tin complexes of the general type L1,4GeN(SiMe3)2 (1, 2) and L1−4SnN(SiMe3)2 (3–6) were synthesized by reaction of β-ketimines L1−4H with Ge[N(SiMe3)2]2 and Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2, respectively. The reaction of 3 with the strong Mg(I) reductant L5Mg yielded the heteroleptic complex L1MgL5
7 after ligand transfer from tin to magnesium, whereas analogous reactions of L4GeN(SiMe3)2
2 and L4SnN(SiMe3)2
6 with L5Mg occurred with formation of insoluble precipitates, transfer of the amido substituent from the group 14 metal to magnesium and subsequent formation of the heteroleptic magnesium complex L5MgN(SiMe3)2 (8). 1–8 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (L4SnN(SiMe3)2
6, L1MgL5
7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wiederkehr
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45117 Essen , Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45117 Essen , Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen, and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide) , 45117 Essen , Germany , Tel.: +49 0201-1834635, Fax: + 49 0201-1834635
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48
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Deak N, Moraru IT, Saffon-Merceron N, Madec D, Nemes G. Reactivity of Bis(sulfonyl) O,C,O-Chelated Metallylenes in Cycloaddition with ortho
-Benzoquinone: An Experimental and Computational Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Deak
- Facultatea de Chimie şi Inginerie Chimică; Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai; str. Arany Janos, nr. 11 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
- UPS; CNRS; LFHA; UMR 5069; Université de Toulouse; 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Ionut-Tudor Moraru
- Facultatea de Chimie şi Inginerie Chimică; Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai; str. Arany Janos, nr. 11 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, FR2599; Université Paul Sabatier, UPS; 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - David Madec
- UPS; CNRS; LFHA; UMR 5069; Université de Toulouse; 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France
| | - Gabriela Nemes
- Facultatea de Chimie şi Inginerie Chimică; Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai; str. Arany Janos, nr. 11 400028 Cluj-Napoca Romania
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Rottschäfer D, Blomeyer S, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Ghadwal RS. Silylene-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene (Si−NHC). Chemistry 2017; 24:380-387. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Rottschäfer
- Anorganische Molekülchemie und Katalyse am Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Sebastian Blomeyer
- Anorganische Molekülchemie und Katalyse am Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Anorganische Molekülchemie und Katalyse am Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Anorganische Molekülchemie und Katalyse am Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Anorganische Molekülchemie und Katalyse am Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstr. 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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Ananikov VP, Eremin DB, Yakukhnov SA, Dilman AD, Levin VV, Egorov MP, Karlov SS, Kustov LM, Tarasov AL, Greish AA, Shesterkina AA, Sakharov AM, Nysenko ZN, Sheremetev AB, Stakheev AY, Mashkovsky IS, Sukhorukov AY, Ioffe SL, Terent’ev AO, Vil’ VA, Tomilov YV, Novikov RA, Zlotin SG, Kucherenko AS, Ustyuzhanina NE, Krylov VB, Tsvetkov YE, Gening ML, Nifantiev NE. Organic and hybrid systems: from science to practice. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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