1
|
Barr L, Conrad JK, McGregor C, Perron R, Yakabuskie PA, Stuart CR. Kinetics of the reaction of ferrous ions with hydroxyl radicals in the temperature range 25-300 °C. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4278-4283. [PMID: 38231479 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between OH radicals and ferrous ions in the temperature range 25-300 °C were studied using pulse radiolysis. At temperatures <150 °C the rate of reaction is essentially independent of temperature, while at temperatures >150 °C the activation energy is 45.8 ± 3.0 kJ mol-1. The change in activation energy is attributed to a change in the dominant mechanism from hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) to dissociative ligand interchange. The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) was measured by repeating experiments in heavy water. A value of 2.9 was measured at room temperature where HAT is the dominant mechanism. The KIE decreases to zero at temperatures > 150 °C as ligand interchange becomes dominant and the O-H bond is no longer involved in the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Logan Barr
- Reactor Chemistry and Corrosion, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J1J0.
| | - Jacy K Conrad
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 N. Fremont Ave., Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA
| | - Christine McGregor
- Reactor Chemistry and Corrosion, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J1J0.
| | - Randy Perron
- Reactor Chemistry and Corrosion, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J1J0.
| | - Pamela A Yakabuskie
- Reactor Chemistry and Corrosion, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J1J0.
| | - Craig R Stuart
- Reactor Chemistry and Corrosion, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, 286 Plant Road, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada, K0J1J0.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rotermund BM, Sperling JM, Horne GP, Beck NB, Wineinger HB, Bai Z, Celis-Barros C, Gomez Martinez D, Albrecht-Schönzart TE. Co-Crystallization of Plutonium(III) and Plutonium(IV) Diglycolamides with Pu(III) and Pu(IV) Hexanitrato Anions: A Route to Redox Variants of [Pu III,IV(DGA) 3][Pu III,IV(NO 3) 6] x. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12905-12912. [PMID: 37523261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl diglycolamide (TMDGA), a methylated variant of the diglycolamide extractants being proposed as curium holdback reagents in advanced used nuclear fuel reprocessing technologies, has been crystallized with plutonium, a transuranic actinide that has multiple accessible oxidation states. Two plutonium TMDGA complexes, [PuIII(TMDGA)3][PuIII(NO3)6] and[PuIV(TMDGA)3][PuIV(NO3)6]2·0.75MeOH, were crystallized through solvent diffusion of a reaction mixture containing plutonium(III) nitrate and TMDGA. The sample was then partially oxidized by air to yield [PuIV(TMDGA)3][PuIV(NO3)6]2·0.75MeOH. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the multinuclear systems crystallize with hexanitrato anionic species, providing insight into the first solid-state isolation of the elusive trivalent plutonium hexanitrato species. Crystallography data show a change in geometry around the TMDGA metal center from Pu3+ to Pu4+, with the symmetry increasing approximately from C4v to D3h. These complexes provide a rare opportunity to investigate the bond metrics of plutonium in two different oxidation states with similar coordination environments. Further, these new structures provide insight into the potential chemical and structural differences arising from the radiation-induced formation of transient tetravalent curium oxidation states in used nuclear fuel reprocessing streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Rotermund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Gregory P Horne
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Nicholas B Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Hannah B Wineinger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Zhuanling Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Cristian Celis-Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Daniela Gomez Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lottes B, Carter KP. Capture and Stabilization of the Hydroxyl Radical in a Uranyl Peroxide Cluster. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300749. [PMID: 37249248 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new uranyl peroxide cluster (UPC), U60 Ox30 *, which captures and stabilizes oxygen-based free radicals for more than one week. These radical species were first detected with a nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric assay and U60 Ox30 * was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction as well as infrared (IR), Raman, UV-Vis-NIR, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. Identification of the free radicals present in U60 Ox30 * was done via room temperature solid and solution state X-band EPR studies using spin trapping methods. The spin trapping agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was definitive for identifying the free radicals in U60 Ox30 *, which are hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) that are stable for up to ten days that also persist upon addition of the metalloenzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase. Addition of the spin trapping agent α-(4-pyridyl N-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (POBN) further confirmed the radicals were oxygen based, and deuteration experiments showed that the origin of the free radicals was from the decomposition of H2 O2 in water. These results demonstrate that highly oxidizing species such as the ⋅OH radical can be stabilized in UPCs, which alters our understanding of the role of free radicals present in spent nuclear fuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett Lottes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Korey P Carter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fritsch B, Körner A, Couasnon T, Blukis R, Taherkhani M, Benning LG, Jank MPM, Spiecker E, Hutzler A. Tailoring the Acidity of Liquid Media with Ionizing Radiation: Rethinking the Acid-Base Correlation beyond pH. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4644-4651. [PMID: 37167107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Advanced in situ techniques based on electrons and X-rays are increasingly used to gain insights into fundamental processes in liquids. However, probing liquid samples with ionizing radiation changes the solution chemistry under observation. In this work, we show that a radiation-induced decrease in pH does not necessarily correlate to an increase in acidity of aqueous solutions. Thus, pH does not capture the acidity under irradiation. Using kinetic modeling of radiation chemistry, we introduce alternative measures of acidity (radiolytic acidity π* and radiolytic ion product KW*), that account for radiation-induced alterations of both H+ and OH- concentration. Moreover, we demonstrate that adding pH-neutral solutes such as LiCl, LiBr, or LiNO3 can trigger a significant change in π*. This provides a huge parameter space to tailor the acidity for in situ experiments involving ionizing radiation, as present in synchrotron facilities or during liquid-phase electron microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birk Fritsch
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Electron Devices (LEB), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Körner
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thaïs Couasnon
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Roberts Blukis
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mehran Taherkhani
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Electron Devices (LEB), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liane G Benning
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Earth Sciences, Free University of Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael P M Jank
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Electron Devices (LEB), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISB, Schottkystraße 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Micro- and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutzler
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Mezyk SP, McLachlan JR, Grimes TS, Zalupski PR, O'Bryan HMT, Cook AR, Abergel RJ, Horne GP. Radiolytic Evaluation of 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) in Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:3931-3938. [PMID: 37084416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The octadentate hydroxypyridinone ligand 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO) (abbreviated as HOPO) has been identified as a promising candidate for both chelation and f-element separation technologies, two applications that require optimal performance in radiation environments. However, the radiation robustness of HOPO is currently unknown. Here, we employ a combination of time-resolved (electron pulse) and steady-state (alpha self-radiolysis) irradiation techniques to elucidate the basic chemistry of HOPO and its f-element complexes in aqueous radiation environments. Chemical kinetics were measured for the reaction of HOPO and its Nd(III) ion complex ([NdIII(HOPO)]-) with key aqueous radiation-induced radical transients (eaq-, H• atom, and •OH and NO3• radicals). The reaction of HOPO with the eaq- is believed to proceed via reduction of the hydroxypyridinone moiety, while transient adduct spectra indicate that reactions with the H• atom and •OH and NO3• radicals proceeded by addition to HOPO's hydroxypyridinone rings, potentially allowing for the generation of an extensive suite of addition products. Complementary steady-state 241Am(III)-HOPO complex ([241AmIII(HOPO)]-) irradiations showed the gradual release of 241Am(III) ions with increasing alpha dose up to 100 kGy, although complete ligand destruction was not observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Stephen P Mezyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California 90804, United States
| | - Jeffrey R McLachlan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Travis S Grimes
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Peter R Zalupski
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Hailie M T O'Bryan
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andrew R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Rebecca J Abergel
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Gregory P Horne
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patil S, Eapen DE, Suresh R, Kane NU, Rengaswamy R. Perspective on Radiolytic Charging for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes Using the Nuclear Decay Energy of Spent Nuclear Fuel/Radionuclides. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40775-40781. [PMID: 36406572 PMCID: PMC9670275 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of nuclear energy into electricity is facilitated by chemical intermediates and molecular products formed during the radiolysis of water. In this work, we hypothesize a novel radiolytic charging approach for redox flow battery electrolytes. Radiolytically produced ionic intermediates and molecular products oxidize or reduce the metal ion solutes in the electrolytes. A qualitative study for choice of redox couples based on electrochemical principles followed by a feasibility study of radiolytic conversion of active material is presented. A framework for an empirical investigation of radioactive source, equipment and dose, and product characterization techniques is discussed. The proposed method finds application in the utilization of spent nuclear fuel (specifically gamma emissions from fission products in early activity stages) as a radiolysis radiation source for electrolyte charging. We present a perspective on future investigations that are required to harness nuclear energy for charging electrolytes and developing a self-operating RFB system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sairaj Patil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai600036, India
| | - Deepa Elizabeth Eapen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai600036, India
| | - Resmi Suresh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati781039, India
| | | | - Raghunathan Rengaswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ershov B, Bykov G. Formation of porous metals upon radiation chemical reduction of Cd2+ and Pb2+ ions in aqueous solution in the presence of formate ions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Fritsch B, Zech TS, Bruns MP, Körner A, Khadivianazar S, Wu M, Zargar Talebi N, Virtanen S, Unruh T, Jank MPM, Spiecker E, Hutzler A. Radiolysis-Driven Evolution of Gold Nanostructures - Model Verification by Scale Bridging In Situ Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2202803. [PMID: 35780494 PMCID: PMC9443456 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202202803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing ionizing radiation for in situ studies in liquid media enables unique insights into nanostructure formation dynamics. As radiolysis interferes with observations, kinetic simulations are employed to understand and exploit beam-liquid interactions. By introducing an intuitive tool to simulate arbitrary kinetic models for radiation chemistry, it is demonstrated that these models provide a holistic understanding of reaction mechanisms. This is shown for irradiated HAuCl4 solutions allowing for quantitative prediction and tailoring of redox processes in liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LP-TEM). Moreover, it is demonstrated that kinetic modeling of radiation chemistry is applicable to investigations utilizing X-rays such as X-ray diffraction (XRD). This emphasizes that beam-sample interactions must be considered during XRD in liquid media and shows that reaction kinetics do not provide a threshold dose rate for gold nucleation relevant to LP-TEM and XRD. Furthermore, it is unveiled that oxidative etching of gold nanoparticles depends on both, precursor concentration, and dose rate. This dependency is exploited to probe the electron beam-induced shift in Gibbs free energy landscape by analyzing critical radii of gold nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birk Fritsch
- Electron Devices (LEB)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 691058ErlangenGermany
- Institute of Micro‐ and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Tobias S. Zech
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics (ICSP)and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Institute of Condensed Matter PhysicsDepartment of PhysicsFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergStaudtstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Mark P. Bruns
- Surface Science and Corrosion (LKO)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergMartensstraße 791058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Körner
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHHelmholtz Institute Erlangen‐Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK‐11)Cauerstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| | - Saba Khadivianazar
- Electron Devices (LEB)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 691058ErlangenGermany
| | - Mingjian Wu
- Institute of Micro‐ and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Neda Zargar Talebi
- Electron Devices (LEB)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 691058ErlangenGermany
| | - Sannakaisa Virtanen
- Surface Science and Corrosion (LKO)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergMartensstraße 791058ErlangenGermany
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Institute for Crystallography and Structural Physics (ICSP)and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Institute of Condensed Matter PhysicsDepartment of PhysicsFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergStaudtstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Michael P. M. Jank
- Electron Devices (LEB)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 691058ErlangenGermany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISBSchottkystraße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Erdmann Spiecker
- Institute of Micro‐ and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Department of Materials Science and EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Hutzler
- Electron Devices (LEB)Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication EngineeringFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐NürnbergCauerstraße 691058ErlangenGermany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHHelmholtz Institute Erlangen‐Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK‐11)Cauerstraße 191058ErlangenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Horne GP, Rotermund BM, Grimes TS, Sperling JM, Meeker DS, Zalupski PR, Beck N, Huffman ZK, Martinez DG, Beshay A, Peterman DR, Layne BH, Johnson J, Cook AR, Albrecht-Schönzart TE, Mezyk SP. Transient Radiation-Induced Berkelium(III) and Californium(III) Redox Chemistry in Aqueous Solution. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10822-10832. [PMID: 35776877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant impact of radiation-induced redox reactions on the accessibility and lifetimes of actinide oxidation states, fundamental knowledge of aqueous actinide metal ion radiation chemistry is limited, especially for the late actinides. A quantitative understanding of these intrinsic radiation-induced processes is essential for investigating the fundamental properties of these actinides. We present here a picosecond electron pulse reaction kinetics study into the radiation-induced redox chemistry of trivalent berkelium (Bk(III)) and californium (Cf(III)) ions in acidic aqueous solutions at ambient temperature. New and first-of-a-kind, second-order rate coefficients are reported for the transient radical-induced reduction of Bk(III) and Cf(III) by the hydrated electron (eaq-) and hydrogen atom (H•), demonstrating a significant reactivity (up to 1011 M-1 s-1) indicative of a preference of these metals to adopt divalent states. Additionally, we report the first-ever second-order rate coefficients for the transient radical-induced oxidation of these elements by a reaction with hydroxyl (•OH) and nitrate (NO3•) radicals, which also exhibited fast reactivity (ca. 108 M-1 s-1). Transient Cf(II), Cf(IV), and Bk(IV) absorption spectra are also reported. Overall, the presented data highlight the existence of rich, complex, intrinsic late actinide radiation-induced redox chemistry that has the potential to influence the findings of other areas of actinide science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P Horne
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Brian M Rotermund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Travis S Grimes
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - David S Meeker
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Peter R Zalupski
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Nicholas Beck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Zachary K Huffman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Daniela Gomez Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Andrew Beshay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, United States
| | - Dean R Peterman
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Bobby H Layne
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jason Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Andrew R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Stephen P Mezyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California 90840-9507, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kimberlin A, Saint-Louis G, Guillaumont D, Camès B, Guilbaud P, Berthon L. Effect of Metal Complexation on Diglycolamides Radiolysis: A Comparison between Ex-Situ Gamma and In-Situ Alpha Irradiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9213-9228. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05731f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radiolytic degradation is an important aspect to consider when developping a ligand or a complexant for radionucleides. Diglycolamide extractants (DGAs) have been playing an important role in many partition processes...
Collapse
|
11
|
Celis Barros C, Pilgrim CD, Cook AR, Mezyk SP, Grimes TS, Horne GP. Influence of uranyl complexation on the reaction kinetics of the dodecane radical cation with used nuclear fuel extraction ligands (TBP, DEHBA, and DEHiBA). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24589-24597. [PMID: 34710211 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03797h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Specialized extractant ligands - such as tri-butyl phosphate (TBP), N,N-di-(2-ethylhexyl)butyramide (DEHBA), and N,N-di-2-ethylhexylisobutryamide (DEHiBA) - have been developed for the recovery of uranium from used nuclear fuel by reprocessing solvent extraction technologies. These ligands must function in the presence of an intense multi-component radiation field, and thus it is critical that their radiolytic behaviour be thoroughly evaluated. This is especially true for their metal complexes, where there is negligible information on the influence of complexation on radiolytic reactivity, despite the prevalence of metal complexes in used nuclear fuel reprocessing solvent systems. Here we present a kinetic investigation into the effect of uranyl (UO22+) complexation on the reaction kinetics of the dodecane radical cation (RH˙+) with TBP, DEHBA, and DEHiBA. Complexation had negligible effect on the reaction of RH˙+ with TBP, for which a second-order rate coefficient (k) of (1.3 ± 0.1) × 1010 M-1 s-1 was measured. For DEHBA and DEHiBA, UO22+ complexation afforded an increase in their respective rate coefficients: k(RH˙+ + [UO2(NO3)2(DEHBA)2]) = (2.5 ± 0.1) × 1010 M-1 s-1 and k(RH˙+ + [UO2(NO3)2(DEHiBA)2]) = (1.6 ± 0.1) × 1010 M-1 s-1. This enhancement with complexation is indicative of an alternative RH˙+ reaction pathway, which is more readily accessible for [UO2(NO3)2(DEHBA)2] as it exhibited a much larger kinetic enhancement than [UO2(NO3)2(DEHiBA)2], 2.6× vs. 1.4×, respectively. Complementary quantum mechanical calculations suggests that the difference in reaction kinetic enhancement between TBP and DEHBA/DEHiBA is attributed to a combination of reaction pathway (electron/hole transfer vs. proton transfer) energetics and electron density distribution, wherein attendant nitrate counter anions effectively 'shield' TBP from RH˙+ electron transfer processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Celis Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Corey D Pilgrim
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| | - Andrew R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA
| | - Stephen P Mezyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California, 90840-9507, USA
| | - Travis S Grimes
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| | - Gregory P Horne
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sutter P, Sutter E. Real-Time Electron Microscopy of Nanocrystal Synthesis, Transformations, and Self-Assembly in Solution. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:11-21. [PMID: 33315389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solution-phase processes such as colloidal synthesis and transformations have enabled the formation of nanocrystals with exquisite control over size, shape, and composition. Self-assembly, in solution or at phase boundaries, can arrange such nanocrystal building blocks into ordered superlattices and dynamically reconfigurable "smart" materials. Ultimately, continued improvements in our ability to direct nanocrystal matter depend on progress in understanding colloidal chemistry and self-assembly in solution. The traditional approach for investigating the underlying, inherently dynamic processes involves sampling at different stages combined with ex situ characterization, for example, using electron microscopy. In situ studies have been restricted to a few methods capable of measuring in bulk liquids, either in reciprocal space by diffraction or scattering or using spatially averaging (e.g., optical) measurements. These strategies face clear limitations in obtaining mechanistic information, and they are unable to address heterogeneous systems that may harbor rich sets of configurations with different local properties. The development of microfabricated cells that hermetically encapsulate bulk solutions between ultrathin (electron transparent) membranes has paved the way for studying processes in liquids in real time by electron microscopy at resolution down to the atomic scale. Electrons interact much more strongly with matter than other probes, for example, X-rays. In ordinary inorganic samples, the main effects are atom displacements and defect formation via knock-on and ionization damage. In liquid-cell electron microscopy, the interaction of the beam with both the suspended nanostructures and the solution creates more diverse effects, so the straightforward scenario of imaging unperturbed nanocrystal chemistry in solution is rarely realized.In this Account, we discuss applications of real-time electron microscopy to the analysis of nanocrystal synthesis, transformations, and self-assembly in solution. While in the simplest case the effects of the electron beam are negligible, the interaction with high-energy electrons often provides excitation or stimulus for solution-phase processes or opens up competing chemical pathways. Real-time observations of self-assembly demonstrate particularly clearly the power of in situ microscopy in identifying key nucleation and growth mechanisms and providing information about preferred structural motifs that can be analyzed to quantify the balance of forces and the role of entropy in stabilizing ordered assemblies. Modifications of the solution by the electron beam can provide stimuli for on-demand self-assembly, for example, via an acid spike due to water radiolysis that locally lowers the pH in the imaged area. While in this and other cases (e.g., colloidal synthesis), beam-induced radicals become part of the experimental design, in imaging redox reactions such as galvanic transformations of nanocrystal templates, radicals need to be managed and if possible eliminated by suitable scavengers. Finally, excitation by the imaging electron beam can transfer energy to individual nanocrystals in solution, thus driving nonthermal (e.g., plasmon-mediated) synthesis or other chemistry while following the reaction progress with high resolution. Overall, with validation by ex situ control experiments, the unique ability of observing processes in solution at the nanometer scale should make liquid-cell electron microscopy an integral part of the toolkit for designing novel inorganic nanocrystal architectures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sutter
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Eli Sutter
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tereshatov EE, Semelová M, Čubová K, Bartl P, Němec M, Štursa J, Zach V, Folden CM, Omtvedt JP, John J. Valence states of cyclotron-produced thallium. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05198e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-monovalent state of cyclotron-produced thallium in the reaction of accelerated 3He ions with gold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miroslava Semelová
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- 115 19 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Čubová
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- 115 19 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bartl
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- 115 19 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Mojmír Němec
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- 115 19 Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Jan Štursa
- Nuclear Physics Institute
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 25068 Řež
- Czech Republic
| | - Václav Zach
- Nuclear Physics Institute
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- 25068 Řež
- Czech Republic
| | - Charles M. Folden
- Cyclotron Institute
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Jan John
- Department of Nuclear Chemistry
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering
- Czech Technical University in Prague
- 115 19 Prague
- Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gnanasekaran K, Chang H, Smeets PJM, Korpanty J, Geiger FM, Gianneschi NC. In Situ Ni 2+ Stain for Liposome Imaging by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:4292-4297. [PMID: 32453587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Solvated soft matter, both biological and synthetic, can now be imaged in liquids using liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (LCTEM). However, such systems are usually composed solely of organic molecules (low Z elements) producing low contrast in TEM, especially within thick liquid films. We aimed to visualize liposomes by LCTEM rather than requiring cryogenic TEM (cryoTEM). This is achieved here by imaging in the presence of aqueous metal salt solutions. The increase in scattering cross-section by the cation gives a staining effect that develops in situ, which could be captured by real space TEM and verified by in situ energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). We identified beam-induced staining as a time-dependent process that enhances contrast to otherwise low contrast materials. We describe the development of this imaging method and identify conditions leading to exceptionally low electron doses for morphology visualization of unilamellar vesicles before beam-induced damage propagates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Gnanasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - HanByul Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Paul J M Smeets
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- NUANCE Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joanna Korpanty
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Franz M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lisovskaya A, Kanjana K, Bartels DM. One-electron redox kinetics of aqueous transition metal couples Zn2+/+, Co2+/+, and Ni2+/+ using pulse radiolysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19046-19058. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03214j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The one-electron redox potentials for aqueous metal couples Co2+/+ and Ni2+/+ have been investigated by pulse radiolysis using their reactions with a series of reference compounds to establish the most positive upper limits of E0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David M. Bartels
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Grills DC, Polyansky DE, Fujita E. Application of Pulse Radiolysis to Mechanistic Investigations of Catalysis Relevant to Artificial Photosynthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4359-4373. [PMID: 28898568 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Taking inspiration from natural photosystems, the goal of artificial photosynthesis is to harness solar energy to convert abundant materials, such as CO2 and H2 O, into solar fuels. Catalysts are required to ensure that the necessary redox half-reactions proceed in the most energy-efficient manner. It is therefore critical to gain a detailed mechanistic understanding of these catalytic reactions to develop new and improved catalysts. Many of the key catalytic intermediates are short-lived transient species, requiring time-resolved spectroscopic techniques for their observation. The two main methods for rapidly generating such species on the sub-microsecond timescale are laser flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis. These methods complement one another, and both provide important spectroscopic and kinetic information. However, pulse radiolysis proves to be superior in systems with significant spectroscopic overlap between the photosensitizer and other species present during the reaction. Herein, the pulse radiolysis technique and how it has been applied to mechanistic investigations of halfreactions relevant to artificial photosynthesis are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Grills
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Dmitry E Polyansky
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973-5000, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kanjana K, Courtin B, MacConnell A, Bartels DM. Reactions of Hexa-aquo Transition Metal Ions with the Hydrated Electron up to 300 °C. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11094-104. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b08812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotchaphan Kanjana
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 United States
| | - Bruce Courtin
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 United States
| | - Ashley MacConnell
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 United States
| | - David M. Bartels
- Notre Dame Radiation Laboratory & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sutter E, Jungjohann K, Bliznakov S, Courty A, Maisonhaute E, Tenney S, Sutter P. In situ liquid-cell electron microscopy of silver–palladium galvanic replacement reactions on silver nanoparticles. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4946. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
19
|
Jungjohann KL, Bliznakov S, Sutter PW, Stach EA, Sutter EA. In situ liquid cell electron microscopy of the solution growth of Au-Pd core-shell nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:2964-2970. [PMID: 23721080 DOI: 10.1021/nl4014277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Using in situ liquid cell electron microscopy we investigate Pd growth in dilute aqueous Pd salt solutions containing Au nanoparticle seeds. Au-Pd core-shell nanostructures are formed via deposition of Pd(0), generated by the reduction of chloropalladate complexes by radicals, such as hydrated electrons (eaq(-)) induced by the electron beam in the solution. The size and shape of the Au seeds determine the morphology of the Pd shells, via preferential Pd incorporation in low-coordination sites and avoidance of extended facets. Analysis of the Pd incorporation on Au particles at different distances from a focused electron beam provides a quantitative picture of the growth process and shows that the growth is limited by the diffusion of eaq(-) in the solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Jungjohann
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lemus L, Guerrero J, Costamagna J, Estiu G, Ferraudi G, Lappin AG, Oliver A, Noll BC. Unfolding of the [Cu2(1,3-bis(9-methyl-1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)propane)2]2+ Helicate. Coupling of the Chlorocarbon Dehalogenation to the Unfolding Process. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:4023-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9018986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Lemus
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - J. Guerrero
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - J. Costamagna
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
| | - G. Estiu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | | | | | - A. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - B. C. Noll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vučina JL, Milenkovič SM. 99mTc Generator — Prevention of Radiolytically Induced Reduction of Elution Yield. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10256018508623493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Vučina
- a Boris Kidrič Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Institute for Radioisotopes, Beograd
| | - S. M. Milenkovič
- a Boris Kidrič Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Institute for Radioisotopes, Beograd
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ershov BG. Metal ions in unusual and unstable oxidation states in aqueous solutions: preparation and properties. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1997v066n02abeh000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
23
|
Zamaraev KI, Parmon VN. Potential Methods and Perspectives of Solar Energy Conversion via Photocatalytic Processes. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03602458008066536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
24
|
Chanon M, Tobe ML. ETC: Ein mechanistisches Konzept für Anorganische und Organische Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19820940104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
25
|
Bonomo RP, Bruno V, Conte E, De Guidi G, Mendola DL, Maccarrone G, Nicoletti F, Rizzarelli E, Sortino S, Vecchio G. Potentiometric, spectroscopic and antioxidant activity studies of SOD mimics containing carnosine. Dalton Trans 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b308168k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Maruthamuthu P, Patterson LK, Ferraudi G. Redox reactions of free radicals with nickel(II) complexes. A pulse radiolytic study. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50189a040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Short-lived metal clusters in aqueous solutions: formation, identification, and properties. Russ Chem Bull 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02494392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
|
30
|
Cohen H, van Eldik R, Masarwa M, Meyerstein D. Mechanism of oxidation of aquated copper(II) ions by hydroxyl free radicals. A high-pressure pulse-radiolysis experiment. Inorganica Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)91905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Goldstein S, Czapski G. Transition metal ions and oxygen radicals. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 1990; 31:133-64. [PMID: 2292472 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-364931-7.50010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Goldstein
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Goldstein S, Czapski G, Cohen H, Meyerstein D. Enhancement of the rate of the beta-elimination of phosphate from radicals derived from glycerol-2-phosphate by Cu(I)-phenanthroline. A pulse radiolysis study. Free Radic Biol Med 1990; 9:371-9. [PMID: 2292433 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(90)90014-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radicals abstract hydrogen atoms from glycerol-2-phosphate with a specific rate constant of (7.0 +/- 1.5) x 10(8) M-1s-1 forming the beta-phospho radical as the major product. At physiological pH this radical undergoes a beta-phosphate elimination with a rate constant less than or equal to 1 x 10(3) s-1. The beta-phospho radical reacts with Cu(I)-phenanthroline to produce an unstable transient with a metal-carbon sigma-bond which has an absorbance similar to that of the cuprous phenanthroline complex in the visible region. This intermediate decomposes via a beta-elimination of phosphate with a rate constant of (1.0 +/- 1.5) x 10(4) s-1, which was independent of the acidity in the pH range 4-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Goldstein
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Stanbury DM. Reduction Potentials Involving Inorganic Free Radicals in Aqueous Solution. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
34
|
Dziȩgielewski J, Filipek K. Electronic states of hot ions and the reactivity of [MoOCl3(PPh3)2] towards es− in tri-n-butylphosphate. Polyhedron 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)80739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
35
|
Gritsan NP, Plyusnin VF, Bazhin NM. Flash photolysis of chloride complexes of Cu(II) in organic solvents. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00525302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Bielski BH. Fast kinetic studies of dioxygen-derived species and their metal complexes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1985; 311:473-82. [PMID: 2869512 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1985.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of metals in the reactivity of HO2/O2- with compounds of biological interest is discussed. A scheme that illustrates the various reactions that a transition metal complex can undergo when reacting with HO2/O2- is presented in terms of ligand and pH effects. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide catalysed by ferrous ion is reviewed in terms of new rate data for the reactions of ferric ion with perhydroxyl (HO2) and superoxide (O2-) radicals. The new results support a mechanism proposed by Barb and his coworkers (W.G. Barb, J.H. Baxendale, P. George & K.R. Hargrave, Trans. Faraday Soc. 47, 462-500 (1951] and negates the occurrence of the Haber-Weiss reaction in this system. In the presence of MnII complexes, O2- reacts to form MnO2+ transients and MnIII complexes. Their reactivities with ascorbate, Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) and NADH-NADPH is discussed.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ershov BG, Aleksandrov AI, Spitsyn VI. Regularities in the properties of the aquo complexes of group I-IVB metals in A2S1/2 electronic state in aqueous solutions. Russ Chem Bull 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00949996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Abstract
Since its introduction, pulse radiolysis has been an important technique for examining the properties of organic and inorganic radicals, and for enumerating those reactions responsible for cellular damage by ionizing radiation. Biochemists, and biophysicists outside the area of radiation biology appear, perhaps for historical reasons, to have an incomplete appreciation of the technique's potential. Protein chemists in particular, have been only dimly aware of the numerous reports of, and the significant results obtained from pulse radiolysis studies of proteins. Our purpose here is to bring some of these results together in order to emphasize the power and usefulness of pulse radiolysis experiments both for elucidating enzyme reaction mechanisms, and for gaining information on the structure of proteins in aqueous solutions. Reviews containing related, or in part the same material to be covered here have appeared previously; for example, Land (1970), Adamset al.(1972a), Shafferman & Stein (1975), Adams & Wardman (1977). This review updates these earlier works, but more importantly approaches the topic of protein pulse radiolysis with a different emphasis.
Collapse
|
40
|
|