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Chick CN, Sasaki Y, Kawaguchi M, Tanaka E, Niikura T, Usuki T. LC-MS/MS quantitation of elastin crosslinker desmosines and histological analysis of skin aging characteristics in mice. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 90:117351. [PMID: 37247585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers consist of an insoluble inner core of elastin, which confers elasticity and resilience to vertebral organs and tissues. Desmosine (DES) and isodesmosine (IDES) are potential biomarkers of pathologies that lead to decreased elastin turnover. Mice are commonly used in research to mimic humans because of their similar genetics, physiology, and organ systems. The present study thus used senescent accelerated prone (SAMP10) and senescent accelerated resistant (SAMR1) mice to examine the connection between aging and histological or biomolecular changes. Mice were divided into three groups: SAMP10 fed a control diet (CD), SAMP10 fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and SAMR1 fed a CD. The percent liver to total body weight ratio (%LW/BW), desmosines (DESs or DES/IDES) content, and histological alterations in skin samples were evaluated. DESs were quantified using an isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method with isodesmosine-13C3,15N1 as the internal standard (ISTD). The assays were repeatable, reproducible, and accurate, with %CV values ≤ (1.90, 1.77, and 3.03), ISTD area %RSD of (1.54, 0.92, and 1.13), and %AC of (99.02 ± 1.86, 101.00 ± 2.30, and 101.30 ± 2.90) for the calibrations (equimolar DES/IDES, DES, and IDES, respectively). The average DESs content per dry-weight abdominal skin and %LW/BW were similar between the three groups. Histological analyses revealed elastin fibers in five randomly selected samples. The epidermis and dermal white adipose tissue layers were thicker in SAMP10 mice than SAMR1 mice. Thus, characteristic signs of aging in SAMP10 and SAMR1 mice could not be differentiated based on measurement of DESs content of the skin or %LW/BW, but aging could be differentiated based on microscopic analysis of histological changes in the skin components of SAMP10 and SAMR1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nanga Chick
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasaki
- Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Mari Kawaguchi
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan.
| | - Eri Tanaka
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - Takako Niikura
- Department of Information and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan.
| | - Toyonobu Usuki
- Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan.
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Effect of All-trans Retinoic Acid on Panniculus Carnosus Muscle Regeneration in Fetal Mouse Wound Healing. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4533. [PMID: 36187276 PMCID: PMC9521759 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The dermal panniculus carnosus (PC) muscle is critical for wound contraction in lower mammals and is a useful model of muscle regeneration owing to its high cellular metabolic turnover. During wound healing in mice, skin structures, including PC, are completely regenerated up to embryonic day (E) 13, but PC is only partially regenerated in fetuses or adult animals after E14. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying wound repair for complete regeneration in PC have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that retinoic acid (RA) signaling, which is involved in muscle differentiation, regulates PC regeneration. Methods Surgical injury was induced in ICR mice on E13 and E14. RA receptor alpha (RARα) expression in tissue samples from embryos was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To evaluate the effects of RA on PC regeneration, beads soaked in all-trans RA (ATRA) were implanted in E13 wounds, and tissues were observed. The effects of RA on myoblast migration were evaluated using a cell migration assay. Results During wound healing, RARα expression was enhanced at the cut surface in PCs of E13 wounds but was attenuated at the cut edge of E14 PCs. Implantation of ATRA-containing beads inhibited PC regeneration on E13 in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of myoblasts with ATRA inhibited cell migration. Conclusions ATRA inhibits PC regeneration, and decreased RARα expression in wounds after E14 inhibits myoblast migration. Our findings may contribute to the development of therapies to promote complete wound regeneration, even in the muscle.
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Costa ALR, Willerth SM, de la Torre LG, Han SW. Trends in hydrogel-based encapsulation technologies for advanced cell therapies applied to limb ischemia. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100221. [PMID: 35243296 PMCID: PMC8866736 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Letícia Rodrigues Costa
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Stephanie M. Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Lucimara Gaziola de la Torre
- Department of Materials and Bioprocesses Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sang Won Han
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
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Archacka K, Grabowska I, Mierzejewski B, Graffstein J, Górzyńska A, Krawczyk M, Różycka AM, Kalaszczyńska I, Muras G, Stremińska W, Jańczyk-Ilach K, Walczak P, Janowski M, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. Hypoxia preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells enhance myoblast fusion and skeletal muscle regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:448. [PMID: 34372911 PMCID: PMC8351116 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The skeletal muscle reconstruction occurs thanks to unipotent stem cells, i.e., satellite cells. The satellite cells remain quiescent and localized between myofiber sarcolemma and basal lamina. They are activated in response to muscle injury, proliferate, differentiate into myoblasts, and recreate myofibers. The stem and progenitor cells support skeletal muscle regeneration, which could be disturbed by extensive damage, sarcopenia, cachexia, or genetic diseases like dystrophy. Many lines of evidence showed that the level of oxygen regulates the course of cell proliferation and differentiation. Methods In the present study, we analyzed hypoxia impact on human and pig bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) and mouse myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion. Moreover, the influence of the transplantation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs cultured under hypoxic conditions on skeletal muscle regeneration was studied. Results We showed that bone marrow-derived MSCs increased VEGF expression and improved myogenesis under hypoxic conditions in vitro. Transplantation of hypoxia preconditioned bone marrow-derived MSCs into injured muscles resulted in the improved cell engraftment and formation of new vessels. Conclusions We suggested that SDF-1 and VEGF secreted by hypoxia preconditioned bone marrow-derived MSCs played an essential role in cell engraftment and angiogenesis. Importantly, hypoxia preconditioned bone marrow-derived MSCs more efficiently engrafted injured muscles; however, they did not undergo myogenic differentiation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02530-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Mierzejewski
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Graffstein
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Górzyńska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Krawczyk
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Różycka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kalaszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004, Warsaw, Poland.,Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Muras
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Władysława Stremińska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jańczyk-Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska 30 St, 10-082, Olsztyn, Poland.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of MR Research, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mirosław Janowski
- Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.,NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5 St, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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Zherebtsova O, Platonov V. Evolutionary transformation of the subcutaneous muscle in rodents of Ctenohystrica (Rodentia: Diatomyidae, Ctenodactylidae, and Hystricognathi). J Morphol 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zherebtsova
- Laboratory of Theriology Zoological Institute of RAS Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Vladimir Platonov
- Laboratory of Theriology Zoological Institute of RAS Saint Petersburg Russia
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Brzoska E, Kalkowski L, Kowalski K, Michalski P, Kowalczyk P, Mierzejewski B, Walczak P, Ciemerych MA, Janowski M. Muscular Contribution to Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis from the Perspective of Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 28:1059-1077. [PMID: 31170887 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a relatively frequent disease within a range 0.5%-5.0% of population, with higher frequency in females. While a resultant spinal deformity is usually medically benign condition, it produces far going psychosocial consequences, which warrant attention. The etiology of AIS is unknown and current therapeutic approaches are symptomatic only, and frequently inconvenient or invasive. Muscular contribution to AIS is widely recognized, although it did not translate to clinical routine as yet. Muscle asymmetry has been documented by pathological examinations as well as systemic muscle disorders frequently leading to scoliosis. It has been also reported numerous genetic, metabolic and radiological alterations in patients with AIS, which are linked to muscular and neuromuscular aspects. Therefore, muscles might be considered an attractive and still insufficiently exploited therapeutic target for AIS. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is rapidly gaining momentum based on the tremendous progress in understanding of developmental biology. It comes also with a toolbox of various stem cells such as satellite cells or mesenchymal stem cells, which could be transplanted; also, the knowledge acquired in research on regenerative medicine can be applied to manipulation of endogenous stem cells to obtain desired therapeutic goals. Importantly, paravertebral muscles are located relatively superficially; therefore, they can be an easy target for minimally invasive approaches to treatment of AIS. It comes in pair with a fast progress in image guidance, which allows for precise delivery of therapeutic agents, including stem cells to various organs such as brain, muscles, and others. Summing up, it seems that there is a link between AIS, muscles, and stem cells, which might be worth of further investigations with a long-term goal of setting foundations for eventual bench-to-bedside translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Brzoska
- 1Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Kalkowski
- 2Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalski
- 1Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Michalski
- 3Spine Surgery Department, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Kowalczyk
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Mierzejewski
- 1Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Walczak
- 5Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,6Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- 1Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- 5Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,6Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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7
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Archacka K, Bem J, Brzoska E, Czerwinska AM, Grabowska I, Kasprzycka P, Hoinkis D, Siennicka K, Pojda Z, Bernas P, Binkowski R, Jastrzebska K, Kupiec A, Malesza M, Michalczewska E, Soszynska M, Ilach K, Streminska W, Ciemerych MA. Beneficial Effect of IL-4 and SDF-1 on Myogenic Potential of Mouse and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061479. [PMID: 32560483 PMCID: PMC7349575 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological conditions skeletal muscle regeneration depends on the satellite cells. After injury these cells become activated, proliferate, and differentiate into myofibers reconstructing damaged tissue. Under pathological conditions satellite cells are not sufficient to support regeneration. For this reason, other cells are sought to be used in cell therapies, and different factors are tested as a tool to improve the regenerative potential of such cells. Many studies are conducted using animal cells, omitting the necessity to learn about human cells and compare them to animal ones. Here, we analyze and compare the impact of IL-4 and SDF-1, factors chosen by us on the basis of their ability to support myogenic differentiation and cell migration, at mouse and human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs). Importantly, we documented that mouse and human ADSCs differ in certain reactions to IL-4 and SDF-1. In general, the selected factors impacted transcriptome of ADSCs and improved migration and fusion ability of cells in vitro. In vivo, after transplantation into injured muscles, mouse ADSCs more eagerly participated in new myofiber formation than the human ones. However, regardless of the origin, ADSCs alleviated immune response and supported muscle reconstruction, and cytokine treatment enhanced these effects. Thus, we documented that the presence of ADSCs improves skeletal muscle regeneration and this influence could be increased by cell pretreatment with IL-4 and SDF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Archacka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Areta M. Czerwinska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Paulina Kasprzycka
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Dzesika Hoinkis
- Intelliseq Ltd., Stanisława Konarskiego 42/13, 30-046 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Siennicka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (Z.P.)
| | - Zygmunt Pojda
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, W.K. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (Z.P.)
| | - Patrycja Bernas
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Robert Binkowski
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Kinga Jastrzebska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Kupiec
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Malgorzata Malesza
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Emilia Michalczewska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Marta Soszynska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Ilach
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
| | - Maria A. Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Ilji Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland; (K.A.); (J.B.); (E.B.); (A.M.C.); (I.G.); (P.K.); (P.B.); (R.B.); (K.J.); (A.K.); (M.M.); (E.M.); (M.S.); (K.I.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-55-42-216
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IL-4 and SDF-1 Increase Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cell Ability to Improve Rat Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093302. [PMID: 32392778 PMCID: PMC7246596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration depends on the satellite cells, which, in response to injury, activate, proliferate, and reconstruct damaged tissue. However, under certain conditions, such as large injuries or myopathies, these cells might not sufficiently support repair. Thus, other cell populations, among them adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs), are tested as a tool to improve regeneration. Importantly, the pro-regenerative action of such cells could be improved by various factors. In the current study, we tested whether IL-4 and SDF-1 could improve the ability of ADSCs to support the regeneration of rat skeletal muscles. We compared their effect at properly regenerating fast-twitch EDL and poorly regenerating slow-twitch soleus. To this end, ADSCs subjected to IL-4 and SDF-1 were analyzed in vitro and also in vivo after their transplantation into injured muscles. We tested their proliferation rate, migration, expression of stem cell markers and myogenic factors, their ability to fuse with myoblasts, as well as their impact on the mass, structure and function of regenerating muscles. As a result, we showed that cytokine-pretreated ADSCs had a beneficial effect in the regeneration process. Their presence resulted in improved muscle structure and function, as well as decreased fibrosis development and a modulated immune response.
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Bahri OA, Naldaiz-Gastesi N, Kennedy DC, Wheatley AM, Izeta A, McCullagh KJA. The panniculus carnosus muscle: A novel model of striated muscle regeneration that exhibits sex differences in the mdx mouse. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15964. [PMID: 31685850 PMCID: PMC6828975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The dermal striated muscle panniculus carnosus (PC), prevalent in lower mammals with remnants in humans, is highly regenerative, and whose function is purported to be linked to defence and shivering thermogenesis. Given the heterogeneity of responses of different muscles to disease, we set out to characterize the PC in wild-type and muscular dystrophic mdx mice. The mouse PC contained mainly fast-twitch type IIB myofibers showing body wide distribution. The PC exemplified heterogeneity in myofiber sizes and a prevalence of central nucleated fibres (CNFs), hallmarks of regeneration, in wild-type and mdx muscles, which increased with age. PC myofibers were hypertrophic in mdx compared to wild-type mice. Sexual dimorphism was apparent with a two-fold increase in CNFs in PC from male versus female mdx mice. To evaluate myogenic potential, PC muscle progenitors were isolated from 8-week old wild-type and mdx mice, grown and differentiated for 7-days. Myogenic profiling of PC-derived myocytes suggested that male mdx satellite cells (SCs) were more myogenic than female counterparts, independent of SC density in PC muscles. Muscle regenerative differences in the PC were associated with alterations in expression of calcium handling regulatory proteins. These studies highlight unique aspects of the PC muscle and its potential as a model to study mechanisms of striated muscle regeneration in health and disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Dermis/metabolism
- Dermis/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle Development
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Striated/pathology
- Muscle, Striated/physiology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Regeneration
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/metabolism
- Sex Factors
- Stem Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A Bahri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Human Biology Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Donna C Kennedy
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Human Biology Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Antony M Wheatley
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Human Biology Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Ander Izeta
- Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Karl J A McCullagh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Human Biology Building, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland.
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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10
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Grabowska I, Zimowska M, Maciejewska K, Jablonska Z, Bazga A, Ozieblo M, Streminska W, Bem J, Brzoska E, Ciemerych MA. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells in Matrigel Impacts the Regeneration of Severely Damaged Skeletal Muscles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3313. [PMID: 31284492 PMCID: PMC6651806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In case of large injuries of skeletal muscles the pool of endogenous stem cells, i.e., satellite cells, might be not sufficient to secure proper regeneration. Such failure in reconstruction is often associated with loss of muscle mass and excessive formation of connective tissue. Therapies aiming to improve skeletal muscle regeneration and prevent fibrosis may rely on the transplantation of different types of stem cell. Among such cells are adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) which are relatively easy to isolate, culture, and manipulate. Our study aimed to verify applicability of ADSCs in the therapies of severely injured skeletal muscles. We tested whether 3D structures obtained from Matrigel populated with ADSCs and transplanted to regenerating mouse gastrocnemius muscles could improve the regeneration. In addition, ADSCs used in this study were pretreated with myoblasts-conditioned medium or anti-TGFβ antibody, i.e., the factors modifying their ability to proliferate, migrate, or differentiate. Analyses performed one week after injury allowed us to show the impact of 3D cultured control and pretreated ADSCs at muscle mass and structure, as well as fibrosis development immune response of the injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zimowska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Maciejewska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Jablonska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bazga
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ozieblo
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wladyslawa Streminska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bem
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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11
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Güleçyüz MF, Macha K, Pietschmann MF, Ficklscherer A, Sievers B, Roßbach BP, Jansson V, Müller PE. Allogenic Myocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partially Improve Fatty Rotator Cuff Degeneration in a Rat Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 14:847-859. [PMID: 29855989 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rotator cuff (RC) tears result not only in functional impairment but also in RC muscle atrophy, muscle fattening and eventually to muscle fibrosis. We hypothesized that allogenic bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and myocytes can be utilized to improve the rotator cuff muscle fattening and increase the atrophied muscle mass in a rat model. METHODS The right supraspinatus (SSP) tendons of 105 inbred rats were detached and muscle fattening was provoked over 4 weeks; the left side remained untouched (control group). The animals (n = 25) of the output group were euthanized after 4 weeks for reference purposes. The SSP-tendon of one group (n = 16) was left unoperated to heal spontaneously. The SSP-tendons of the remaining 64 rats (4 groups with n = 16) were repaired with transosseous sutures. One group received a saline solution injection in the SSP muscle belly, two other groups received 5 × 106 allogenic myocytes and 5 × 106 allogenic MSC injections from donor rats, respectively, and one group received no additional treatment. After 4 weeks of healing, the supraspinatus muscle mass was compared quantitatively and histologically to all the treated groups and to the untreated contralateral side. RESULTS In the end of the experiments at week 8, the myocyte and MCS treated groups showed a significantly higher muscle mass with 0.2322 g and 0.2257 g, respectively, in comparison to the output group (0.1911 g) at week 4 with p < 0.05. There was no statistical difference between the repaired, treated, or spontaneous healing groups at week 8. Supraspinatus muscle mass of all experimental groups of the right side was significantly lower compared to the untreated contralateral muscle mass. CONCLUSION This defect model shows that the injection of allogenic mycocytes and MSC in fatty infiltrated SSP muscles is better than no treatment and can partially improve the SSP muscle belly fattening. Nevertheless, a full restoration of the degenerated and fattened rotator cuff muscle to its original condition is not possible using myocytes and MSC in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet F Güleçyüz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
| | - Konstanze Macha
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Klinikum Landsberg am Lech, Bgm.-Dr.-Hartmann-Straße 50, 86899, Landsberg am Lech, Germany
| | - Matthias F Pietschmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Birte Sievers
- Numares AG, Am Biopark 9, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Björn P Roßbach
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Lohmühlenstr. 5, 20099, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Jansson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter E Müller
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical Center of the University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians-University), Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
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12
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Lalegül-Ülker Ö, Şeker Ş, Elçin AE, Elçin YM. Encapsulation of bone marrow-MSCs in PRP-derived fibrin microbeads and preliminary evaluation in a volumetric muscle loss injury rat model: modular muscle tissue engineering. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 47:10-21. [PMID: 30514127 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1540426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Repair of volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries is a complicated endeavour which necessitates the collaborative use of different regenerative approaches and technologies. Herein is proposed the development of fibrin-based microbeads (FMs) alone or as a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) encapsulation matrix for modular muscle engineering. FMs were generated through the ionotropic gelation of alginate and fibrinogen obtained from the platelet-rich plasma of whole blood, and then removing the alginate by citrate treatment. FMs were first characterized by FT-IR, SEM and water uptake tests. Then, the stability of FMs and the mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity of the MSCs encapsulated in FMs were evaluated under in vitro culture conditions. Eventually, the regenerative capacity of the cell-devoid and MSCs-encapsulated FMs was evaluated in a rat VML injury model involving 8 × 4×4 mm3-size bilateral defects in the biceps femoris muscles. The histochemical, immunohistochemical and semi-quantitative histomorphological scoring results retrieved at 30, 60 and 180 days demonstrated that the cell-devoid FMs supported muscle regeneration to a great extent. Moreover, MSCs-encapsulated FMs were more effective in shortening the regeneration period of the injured tissue of the rat VML, resulting in good myofibre orientation, while the Sham group resulted in incomplete repair with fibrotic scar tissue formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Lalegül-Ülker
- a Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Şükran Şeker
- a Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eser Elçin
- a Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Yaşar Murat Elçin
- a Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , Ankara University Faculty of Science, and Ankara University Stem Cell Institute , Ankara , Turkey.,b Biovalda Health Technologies, Inc. , Ankara , Turkey
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13
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Kowalski K, Dos Santos M, Maire P, Ciemerych MA, Brzoska E. Induction of bone marrow-derived cells myogenic identity by their interactions with the satellite cell niche. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:258. [PMID: 30261919 PMCID: PMC6161400 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0993-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle regeneration is possible thanks to unipotent stem cells, which are satellite cells connected to the myofibers. Populations of stem cells other than muscle-specific satellite cells are considered as sources of cells able to support skeletal muscle reconstruction. Among these are bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which are multipotent, self-renewing stem cells present in the bone marrow stroma. Available data documenting the ability of BM-MSCs to undergo myogenic differentiation are not definitive. In the current work, we aimed to check if the satellite cell niche could impact the ability of bone marrow-derived cells to follow a myogenic program. Methods We established a new in-vitro method for the coculture of bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) that express CXCR4 (CXCR4+BMCs; the stromal-derived factor-1 (Sdf-1) receptor) with myofibers. Using various tests, we analyzed the myogenic identity of BMCs and their ability to fuse with myoblasts in vitro and in vivo. Results We showed that Sdf-1 treatment increased the number of CXCR4+BMCs able to bind the myofiber and occupy the satellite cell niche. Moreover, interaction with myofibers induced the expression of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) in CXCR4+BMCs. CXCR4+BMCs, pretreated by the coculture with myofibers and Sdf-1, participated in myotube formation in vitro and also myofiber reconstruction in vivo. We also showed that Sdf-1 overexpression in vivo (in injured and regenerating muscles) supported the participation of CXCR4+BMCs in new myofiber formation. Conclusion We showed that CXCR4+BMC interaction with myofibers (that is, within the satellite cell niche) induced CXCR4+BMC myogenic commitment. CXCR4+BMCs, pretreated using such a method of culture, were able to participate in skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kowalski
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthieu Dos Santos
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Maire
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris-Descartes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, Paris, France
| | - Maria A Ciemerych
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edyta Brzoska
- Department of Cytology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1 St, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Pesaresi M, Sebastian-Perez R, Cosma MP. Dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation and cell fusion: in vivo reprogramming strategies for regenerative medicine. FEBS J 2018; 286:1074-1093. [PMID: 30103260 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative capacities vary enormously across the animal kingdom. In contrast to most cold-blooded vertebrates, mammals, including humans, have very limited regenerative capacity when it comes to repairing damaged or degenerating tissues. Here, we review the main mechanisms of tissue regeneration, underlying the importance of cell dedifferentiation and reprogramming. We discuss the significance of cell fate and identity changes in the context of regenerative medicine, with a particular focus on strategies aiming at the promotion of the body's self-repairing mechanisms. We also introduce some of the most recent advances that have resulted in complete reprogramming of cell identity in vivo. Lastly, we discuss the main challenges that need to be addressed in the near future to develop in vivo reprogramming approaches with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pesaresi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Ruben Sebastian-Perez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Maria Pia Cosma
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Naldaiz‐Gastesi N, Bahri OA, López de Munain A, McCullagh KJA, Izeta A. The panniculus carnosus muscle: an evolutionary enigma at the intersection of distinct research fields. J Anat 2018; 233:275-288. [PMID: 29893024 PMCID: PMC6081499 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The panniculus carnosus is a thin striated muscular layer intimately attached to the skin and fascia of most mammals, where it provides skin twitching and contraction functions. In humans, the panniculus carnosus is conserved at sparse anatomical locations with high interindividual variability, and it is considered of no functional significance (most possibly being a remnant of evolution). Diverse research fields (such as anatomy, dermatology, myology, neuroscience, surgery, veterinary science) use this unique muscle as a model, but several unknowns and misconceptions remain in the literature. In this article, we review what is currently known about panniculus carnosus structure, development, anatomical location, response to environmental stimuli and potential function(s), with the aim of putting together the evidence arising from the different research communities and raising interest in this unique muscle, which we postulate as an ideal model for both vascular and muscular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neia Naldaiz‐Gastesi
- Tissue Engineering GroupBioengineering AreaInstituto BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
- Neuroscience AreaInstituto BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Ola A. Bahri
- Department of PhysiologyHuman Biology BuildingSchool of MedicineNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
- Regenerative Medicine InstituteNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Adolfo López de Munain
- Neuroscience AreaInstituto BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUPV‐EHUSan SebastianSpain
- Department of NeurologyHospital Universitario DonostiaSan SebastianSpain
| | - Karl J. A. McCullagh
- Department of PhysiologyHuman Biology BuildingSchool of MedicineNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
- Regenerative Medicine InstituteNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Ander Izeta
- Tissue Engineering GroupBioengineering AreaInstituto BiodonostiaSan SebastianSpain
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTecnun‐University of NavarraSan SebastianSpain
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16
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Jana S, Lan Levengood SK, Zhang M. Anisotropic Materials for Skeletal-Muscle-Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10588-10612. [PMID: 27865007 PMCID: PMC5253134 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201600240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Repair of damaged skeletal-muscle tissue is limited by the regenerative capacity of the native tissue. Current clinical approaches are not optimal for the treatment of large volumetric skeletal-muscle loss. As an alternative, tissue engineering represents a promising approach for the functional restoration of damaged muscle tissue. A typical tissue-engineering process involves the design and fabrication of a scaffold that closely mimics the native skeletal-muscle extracellular matrix (ECM), allowing organization of cells into a physiologically relevant 3D architecture. In particular, anisotropic materials that mimic the morphology of the native skeletal-muscle ECM, can be fabricated using various biocompatible materials to guide cell alignment, elongation, proliferation, and differentiation into myotubes. Here, an overview of fundamental concepts associated with muscle-tissue engineering and the current status of muscle-tissue-engineering approaches is provided. Recent advances in the development of anisotropic scaffolds with micro- or nanoscale features are reviewed, and how scaffold topographical, mechanical, and biochemical cues correlate to observed cellular function and phenotype development is examined. Finally, some recent developments in both the design and utility of anisotropic materials in skeletal-muscle-tissue engineering are highlighted, along with their potential impact on future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Jana
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Sheeny K. Lan Levengood
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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Naldaiz-Gastesi N, Goicoechea M, Alonso-Martín S, Aiastui A, López-Mayorga M, García-Belda P, Lacalle J, San José C, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Trouilh L, Anton-Leberre V, Herrero D, Matheu A, Bernad A, García-Verdugo JM, Carvajal JJ, Relaix F, Lopez de Munain A, García-Parra P, Izeta A. Identification and Characterization of the Dermal Panniculus Carnosus Muscle Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:411-424. [PMID: 27594590 PMCID: PMC5032673 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dermal Panniculus carnosus (PC) muscle is important for wound contraction in lower mammals and represents an interesting model of muscle regeneration due to its high cell turnover. The resident satellite cells (the bona fide muscle stem cells) remain poorly characterized. Here we analyzed PC satellite cells with regard to developmental origin and purported function. Lineage tracing shows that they originate in Myf5+, Pax3/Pax7+ cell populations. Skin and muscle wounding increased PC myofiber turnover, with the satellite cell progeny being involved in muscle regeneration but with no detectable contribution to the wound-bed myofibroblasts. Since hematopoietic stem cells fuse to PC myofibers in the absence of injury, we also studied the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the PC satellite cell compartment, demonstrating that cells of donor origin are capable of repopulating the PC muscle stem cell niche after irradiation and bone marrow transplantation but may not fully acquire the relevant myogenic commitment. PC satellite cells originate from Myf5+, Pax3/Pax7+ cell lineages Skin and muscle wounding increase PC myofiber turnover Donor bone marrow cells repopulate the PC satellite niche after BMT Dermis-derived myogenesis originates from the PC satellite cell population
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Affiliation(s)
- Neia Naldaiz-Gastesi
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - María Goicoechea
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso-Martín
- INSERM U955-E10, Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médicine, IMRB U955-E10, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Ana Aiastui
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Macarena López-Mayorga
- Molecular Embryology Team, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Paula García-Belda
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jaione Lacalle
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Carlos San José
- Animal Facility and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Marcos J Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Lidwine Trouilh
- INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Anton-Leberre
- INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Diego Herrero
- Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain; Cellular Oncology Group, Oncology Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Verdugo
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jaime J Carvajal
- Molecular Embryology Team, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Frédéric Relaix
- INSERM U955-E10, Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médicine, IMRB U955-E10, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Neurosciences, UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Parra
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Ander Izeta
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tecnun-University of Navarra, San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
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Novel Therapeutic Effects of Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma for Muscle Regeneration and Differentiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28829. [PMID: 27349181 PMCID: PMC4923893 DOI: 10.1038/srep28829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle can repair muscle tissue damage, but significant loss of muscle tissue or its long-lasting chronic degeneration makes injured skeletal muscle tissue difficult to restore. It has been demonstrated that non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTP) can be used in many biological areas including regenerative medicine. Therefore, we determined whether NTP, as a non-contact biological external stimulator that generates biological catalyzers, can induce regeneration of injured muscle without biomaterials. Treatment with NTP in the defected muscle of a Sprague Dawley (SD) rat increased the number of proliferating muscle cells 7 days after plasma treatment (dapt) and rapidly induced formation of muscle tissue and muscle cell differentiation at 14 dapt. In addition, in vitro experiments also showed that NTP could induce muscle cell proliferation and differentiation of human muscle cells. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NTP promotes restoration of muscle defects through control of cell proliferation and differentiation without biological or structural supporters, suggesting that NTP has the potential for use in muscle tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.
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19
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Muskiewicz KR, Frank NY, Flint AF, Gussoni E. Myogenic Potential of Muscle Side and Main Population Cells after Intravenous Injection into Sub-lethally IrradiatedmdxMice. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 53:861-73. [PMID: 15995145 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.4a6573.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle side population (SP) cells have demonstrated hematopoietic and myogenic activities in vivo upon intravenous (IV) injection into lethally irradiated mdx mice. In contrast, muscle main population (MP) cells were unable to rescue the bone marrow of lethally irradiated mice and, consequently, their in vivo myogenic potential could not be assessed using this method. In the current study, muscle SP or MP cells derived from syngeneic wild-type male mice were delivered to sub-lethally irradiated mdx female mice by single or serial IV injections. Recipient mice were euthanized 12 weeks after transplantation at which time the quadriceps and diaphragm muscles were analyzed for the presence of donor-derived cells. Mice injected with 104muscle SP cells or with 106MP cells appeared to have similar numbers of dystrophin-positive myofibers containing fused donor nuclei. Analysis of the remaining tissue via real-time quantitative PCR indicated that mice injected with muscle SP cells had a higher percentage of donor-derived Y-DNA in the quadriceps than mice injected with MP cells, suggesting that muscle SP cells may be enriched for progenitors able to engraft dystrophic skeletal muscles from the circulation. Although the overall engraftment did not reach therapeutically significant levels, these results indicate that further optimization of cell delivery techniques may lead to improved efficacy of cell-mediated therapy using muscle SP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Muskiewicz
- Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Baniasadi H, Mashayekhan S, Fadaoddini S, Haghirsharifzamini Y. Design, fabrication and characterization of oxidized alginate–gelatin hydrogels for muscle tissue engineering applications. J Biomater Appl 2016; 31:152-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328216634057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we reported the preparation of self cross-linked oxidized alginate–gelatin hydrogels for muscle tissue engineering. The effect of oxidation degree (OD) and oxidized alginate/gelatin (OA/GEL) weight ratio were examined and the results showed that in the constant OA/GEL weight ratio, both cross-linking density and Young’s modulus enhanced by increasing OD due to increment of aldehyde groups. Furthermore, the degradation rate was increased with increasing OD probably due to decrement in alginate molecular weight during oxidation reaction facilitated degradation of alginate chains. MTT cytotoxicity assays performed on Wharton's Jelly-derived umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells cultured on hydrogels with OD of 30% showed that the highest rate of cell proliferation belong to hydrogel with OA/GEL weight ratio of 30/70. Overall, it can be concluded from all obtained results that the prepared hydrogel with OA/GEL weight ratio and OD of 30/70 and 30%, respectively, could be proper candidate for use in muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Baniasadi
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Mashayekhan
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Fadaoddini
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Davies OG, Grover LM, Eisenstein N, Lewis MP, Liu Y. Identifying the Cellular Mechanisms Leading to Heterotopic Ossification. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 97:432-44. [PMID: 26163233 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating condition defined by the de novo development of bone within non-osseous soft tissues, and can be either hereditary or acquired. The hereditary condition, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is rare but life threatening. Acquired HO is more common and results from a severe trauma that produces an environment conducive for the formation of ectopic endochondral bone. Despite continued efforts to identify the cellular and molecular events that lead to HO, the mechanisms of pathogenesis remain elusive. It has been proposed that the formation of ectopic bone requires an osteochondrogenic cell type, the presence of inductive agent(s) and a permissive local environment. To date several lineage-tracing studies have identified potential contributory populations. However, difficulties identifying cells in vivo based on the limitations of phenotypic markers, along with the absence of established in vitro HO models have made the results difficult to interpret. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate current literature within the field in an attempt identify the cellular mechanisms required for ectopic bone formation. The major aim is to collate all current data on cell populations that have been shown to possess an osteochondrogenic potential and identify environmental conditions that may contribute to a permissive local environment. This review outlines the pathology of endochondral ossification, which is important for the development of potential HO therapies and to further our understanding of the mechanisms governing bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O G Davies
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - L M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - N Eisenstein
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - M P Lewis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Loughborough, UK
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Y Liu
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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22
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Skin physiology in microgravity: a 3-month stay aboard ISS induces dermal atrophy and affects cutaneous muscle and hair follicles cycling in mice. NPJ Microgravity 2015; 1:15002. [PMID: 28725708 PMCID: PMC5515501 DOI: 10.1038/npjmgrav.2015.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The Mice Drawer System (MDS) Tissue Sharing program was the longest rodent space mission ever performed. It provided 20 research teams with organs and tissues collected from mice having spent 3 months on the International Space Station (ISS). Our participation to this experiment aimed at investigating the impact of such prolonged exposure to extreme space conditions on mouse skin physiology. METHODS Mice were maintained in the MDS for 91 days aboard ISS (space group (S)). Skin specimens were collected shortly after landing for morphometric, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses. An exact replicate of the experiment in the MDS was performed on ground (ground group (G)). RESULTS A significant reduction of dermal thickness (-15%, P=0.05) was observed in S mice accompanied by an increased newly synthetized procollagen (+42%, P=0.03), likely reflecting an increased collagen turnover. Transcriptomic data suggested that the dermal atrophy might be related to an early degradation of defective newly formed procollagen molecules. Interestingly, numerous hair follicles in growing anagen phase were observed in the three S mice, validated by a high expression of specific hair follicles genes, while only one mouse in the G controls showed growing hairs. By microarray analysis of whole thickness skin, we observed a significant modulation of 434 genes in S versus G mice. A large proportion of the upregulated transcripts encoded proteins related to striated muscle homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a prolonged exposure to space conditions may induce skin atrophy, deregulate hair follicle cycle, and markedly affect the transcriptomic repertoire of the cutaneous striated muscle panniculus carnosus.
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Sicari BM, Dearth CL, Badylak SF. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Approaches to Enhance the Functional Response to Skeletal Muscle Injury. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:51-64. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Sicari
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher L. Dearth
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen F. Badylak
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
- Department of Surgery; University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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24
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Biophysical cues enhance myogenesis of human adipose derived stem/stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:180-5. [PMID: 23876311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem/stromal cell (ASC)-based tissue engineered muscle grafts could provide an effective alternative therapy to autografts - which are limited by their availability - for the regeneration of damaged muscle. However, the current myogenic potential of ASCs is limited by their low differentiation efficiency into myoblasts. The aim of this study was to enhance the myogenic response of human ASCs to biochemical cues by providing biophysical stimuli (11% cyclic uniaxial strain, 0.5 Hz, 1h/day) to mimic the cues present in the native muscle microenvironment. ASCs elongated and fused upon induction with myogenic induction medium alone. Yet, their myogenic characteristics were significantly enhanced with the addition of biophysical stimulation; the nuclei per cell increased approximately 4.5-fold by day 21 in dynamic compared to static conditions (23.3 ± 7.3 vs. 5.2 ± 1.6, respectively), they aligned at almost 45° to the direction of strain, and exhibited significantly higher expression of myogenic proteins (desmin, myoD and myosin heavy chain). These results demonstrate that mimicking the biophysical cues inherent to the native muscle microenvironment in monolayer ASC cultures significantly improves their differentiation along the myogenic lineage.
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25
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García-Parra P, Naldaiz-Gastesi N, Maroto M, Padín JF, Goicoechea M, Aiastui A, Fernández-Morales JC, García-Belda P, Lacalle J, Álava JI, García-Verdugo JM, García AG, Izeta A, López de Munain A. Murine muscle engineered from dermal precursors: an in vitro model for skeletal muscle generation, degeneration, and fatty infiltration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2013; 20:28-41. [PMID: 23631552 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle can be engineered by converting dermal precursors into muscle progenitors and differentiated myocytes. However, the efficiency of muscle development remains relatively low and it is currently unclear if this is due to poor characterization of the myogenic precursors, the protocols used for cell differentiation, or a combination of both. In this study, we characterized myogenic precursors present in murine dermospheres, and evaluated mature myotubes grown in a novel three-dimensional culture system. After 5-7 days of differentiation, we observed isolated, twitching myotubes followed by spontaneous contractions of the entire tissue-engineered muscle construct on an extracellular matrix (ECM). In vitro engineered myofibers expressed canonical muscle markers and exhibited a skeletal (not cardiac) muscle ultrastructure, with numerous striations and the presence of aligned, enlarged mitochondria, intertwined with sarcoplasmic reticula (SR). Engineered myofibers exhibited Na(+)- and Ca(2+)-dependent inward currents upon acetylcholine (ACh) stimulation and tetrodotoxin-sensitive spontaneous action potentials. Moreover, ACh, nicotine, and caffeine elicited cytosolic Ca(2+) transients; fiber contractions coupled to these Ca(2+) transients suggest that Ca(2+) entry is activating calcium-induced calcium release from the SR. Blockade by d-tubocurarine of ACh-elicited inward currents and Ca(2+) transients suggests nicotinic receptor involvement. Interestingly, after 1 month, engineered muscle constructs showed progressive degradation of the myofibers concomitant with fatty infiltration, paralleling the natural course of muscular degeneration. We conclude that mature myofibers may be differentiated on the ECM from myogenic precursor cells present in murine dermospheres, in an in vitro system that mimics some characteristics found in aging and muscular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia García-Parra
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, Hospital Universitario Donostia , San Sebastian, Spain
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26
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Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle in mammals is a stable tissue under normal circumstances but has remarkable ability to repair after injury. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a highly orchestrated process involving the activation of various cellular and molecular responses. As skeletal muscle stem cells, satellite cells play an indispensible role in this process. The self-renewing proliferation of satellite cells not only maintains the stem cell population but also provides numerous myogenic cells, which proliferate, differentiate, fuse, and lead to new myofiber formation and reconstitution of a functional contractile apparatus. The complex behavior of satellite cells during skeletal muscle regeneration is tightly regulated through the dynamic interplay between intrinsic factors within satellite cells and extrinsic factors constituting the muscle stem cell niche/microenvironment. For the last half century, the advance of molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics has greatly improved our understanding of skeletal muscle biology. Here, we review some recent advances, with focuses on functions of satellite cells and their niche during the process of skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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27
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Stenn K, Parimoo S, Zheng Y, Barrows T, Boucher M, Washenik K. Bioengineering the hair follicle. Organogenesis 2012; 3:6-13. [PMID: 19279694 DOI: 10.4161/org.3.1.3237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hair follicle develops from the primitive embryonic epidermis as a result of complex epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. The full follicle, consisting of epithelial cylinders under control of a proximal lying mesenchymal papilla, grows in cycles giving rise to a new hair shaft during each cycle. The ability to cycle endows the follicle with regenerative properties. The evolution of hair follicle engineering began with the recognition in the early 1960's that hair follicles could be transplanted clinically into a foreign site and still grow a shaft typical of the donor site. Since that time, it has been found that the follicular papilla has hair follicle inducing properties and that the hair follicle houses within it epithelial stem cells that can respond to hair inductive signals. These findings have laid the foundation for isolating hair-forming cells, for expanding the cells in culture, and for forming new follicles in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Stenn
- Aderans Research Institute, Inc.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA
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28
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Asakura A. Skeletal Muscle-derived Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Muscular Dystrophy Therapy by Bone Marrow Transplantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Suppl 11. [PMID: 24524008 PMCID: PMC3918728 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7633.s11-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For postnatal growth and regeneration of skeletal muscle, satellite cells, a self-renewing pool of muscle stem cells, give rise to daughter myogenic precursor cells that contribute to the formation of new muscle fibers. In addition to this key myogenic cell class, adult skeletal muscle also contains hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor cell populations which can be purified as a side population (SP) fraction or as a hematopoietic marker CD45-positive cell population. These muscle-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell populations are surprisingly capable of differentiation into hematopoietic cells both after transplantation into irradiated mice and during in vitro colony formation assay. Therefore, these muscle-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells appear to have characteristics similar to classical hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells found in bone marrow. This review outlines recent findings regarding hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell populations residing in adult skeletal muscle and discusses their myogenic potential along with their role in the stem cell niche and related cell therapies for approaching treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Asakura
- Stem Cell Institute, Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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29
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The potential of stem cells in the treatment of skeletal muscle injury and disease. Stem Cells Int 2011; 2012:282348. [PMID: 22220178 PMCID: PMC3246792 DOI: 10.1155/2012/282348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a pioneering field with huge advances in recent times. These advances are not only in the understanding of how cells can be manipulated but also in potential clinical applications. Thus, tissue engineering, when applied to skeletal muscle cells, is an area of huge prospective benefit to patients with muscle disease/damage. This could include damage to muscle from trauma and include genetic abnormalities, for example, muscular dystrophies. Much of this research thus far has been focused on satellite cells, however, mesenchymal stem cells have more recently come to the fore. In particular, results of trials and further research into their use in heart failure, stress incontinence, and muscular dystrophies are eagerly awaited. Although no doubt, stem cells will have much to offer in the future, the results of further research still limit their use.
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30
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Walsh S, Nygren J, Pontén A, Jovinge S. Myogenic reprogramming of bone marrow derived cells in a W⁴¹Dmd(mdx) deficient mouse model. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27500. [PMID: 22140444 PMCID: PMC3225365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of expression of dystrophin leads to degeneration of muscle fibers and infiltration of connective and adipose tissue. Cell transplantation therapy has been proposed as a treatment for intractable muscle degenerative disorders. Several reports have demonstrated the ability of bone-marrow derived cells (BMDC) to contribute to non-haematopoietic tissues including epithelium, heart, liver, skeletal muscle and brain following transplantation by means of fusion and reprogramming. A key issue is the extent to which fusion and reprogramming can occur in vivo, particularly under conditions of myogenic deterioration.To investigate the therapeutic potential of bone marrow transplantation in monogenetic myopathy, green fluorescent protein-positive (GFP+) bone marrow cells were transplanted into non-irradiated c-kit receptor-deficient (W⁴¹) mdx mice. This model allows BMDC reconstitution in the absence of irradiation induced myeloablation. We provide the first report of BMDC fusion in a W⁴¹Dmd(mdx) deficient mouse model.In the absence of irradiation induced injury, few GFP+ cardiomyocytes and muscle fibres were detected 24 weeks post BMT. It was expected that the frequency of fusion in the hearts of W⁴¹Dmd(mdx) mice would be similar to frequencies observed in infarcted mice. Although, it is clear from this study that individual cardiomyocytes with monogenetic deficiencies can be rescued by fusion, it is as clear that in the absence of irradiation, the formation of stable and reprogrammed fusion hybrids occurs, with the current techniques, at very low levels in non-irradiated recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Walsh
- Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens Nygren
- Immunology Unit, Institution for Experimental Medical Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Center of Research on Welfare Health and Sport, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Annica Pontén
- Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Jovinge
- Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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31
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Klumpp D, Horch RE, Kneser U, Beier JP. Engineering skeletal muscle tissue--new perspectives in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:2622-9. [PMID: 21091904 PMCID: PMC4373482 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle tissue engineering (TE) has not yet been clinically applied because of several problems. However, the field of skeletal muscle TE has been developing tremendously and new approaches and techniques have emerged. This review will highlight recent developments in the field of nanotechnology, especially electrospun nanofibre matrices, as well as potential cell sources for muscle TE. Important developments in cardiac muscle TE and clinical studies on Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) will be included to show their implications on skeletal muscle TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Klumpp
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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32
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Otto A, Collins-Hooper H, Patel K. The origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of myogenic stem cell populations. J Anat 2009; 215:477-97. [PMID: 19702867 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01138.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells, originating in the embryonic dermamyotome, reside beneath the myofibre of mature adult skeletal muscle and constitute the tissue-specific stem cell population. Recent advances following the identification of markers for these cells (including Pax7, Myf5, c-Met and CD34) (CD, cluster of differentiation; c-Met, mesenchymal epithelial transition factor) have led to a greater understanding of the role played by satellite cells in the regeneration of new skeletal muscle during growth and following injury. In response to muscle damage, satellite cells harbour the ability both to form myogenic precursors and to self-renew to repopulate the stem cell niche following myofibre damage. More recently, other stem cell populations including bone marrow stem cells, skeletal muscle side population cells and mesoangioblasts have also been shown to have myogenic potential in culture, and to be able to form skeletal muscle myofibres in vivo and engraft into the satellite cell niche. These cell types, along with satellite cells, have shown potential when used as a therapy for skeletal muscle wasting disorders where the intrinsic stem cell population is genetically unable to repair non-functioning muscle tissue. Accurate understanding of the mechanisms controlling satellite cell lineage progression and self-renewal as well as the recruitment of other stem cell types towards the myogenic lineage is crucial if we are to exploit the power of these cells in combating myopathic conditions. Here we highlight the origin, molecular regulation and therapeutic potential of all the major cell types capable of undergoing myogenic differentiation and discuss their potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Otto
- School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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33
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Gayraud-Morel B, Chrétien F, Tajbakhsh S. Skeletal muscle as a paradigm for regenerative biology and medicine. Regen Med 2009; 4:293-319. [PMID: 19317647 DOI: 10.2217/17460751.4.2.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue development and regeneration share common features, since modules of regulatory pathways and transcription factors that are crucial for prenatal development are redeployed for tissue reconstruction after trauma. Regenerative medicine has therefore gained important insights through the study of developmental and regenerative biology. Moreover, diverse experimental models have been used to investigate the regeneration process in different tissues and organs. Paradoxically, little is known regarding the relative contribution of stem cells with respect to the supporting tissue during tissue regeneration. Particular attention will be given to mouse models using distinct injury paradigms to investigate the regenerative biology of skeletal muscle. An understanding of the response of stem and parenchymal cells is crucial for the development of clinical strategies to combat the normal decline in tissue performance during aging or its reconstitution after trauma and during disease. This review addresses these issues, focusing on muscle regeneration and how different factors, including genes, cells and the environment, impinge on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gayraud-Morel
- Stem Cells & Development, Department of Developmental Biology, Pasteur Institute, CNRS URA 2578, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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34
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Winkler T, von Roth P, Matziolis G, Mehta M, Perka C, Duda GN. Dose-response relationship of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation and functional regeneration after severe skeletal muscle injury in rats. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:487-92. [PMID: 18673090 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Various therapeutic strategies that aim to influence clinical outcome after severe skeletal muscle trauma have been considered. One such method, the local transplantation of stem cells, has been shown to improve tissue regeneration. The number of cells required for successful regeneration, however, remains unclear. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the correlation between the number of transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the resulting muscle function. One week after inducing an open crush trauma in 34 female Sprague Dawley rats, increasing quantities of autologous MSCs (0.1 x 10(6), 1 x 10(6), 2.5 x 10(6), and 10 x 10(6) cells) or saline solution (control group) were transplanted into the left soleus muscle of the rat hind limb. At 4 weeks posttrauma, the outcome was assessed by measuring muscle contraction forces following an indirect fast twitch and tetanic stimulation. A logarithmic dose-response relationship was observed for both maximum twitch and tetanic contraction forces (R(2) = 0.9 for fast twitch [p = 0.004]; R(2) = 0.87 [p = 0.002] for tetanic contraction). The transplantation of 10 x 10(6) cells resulted in the most pronounced improvement of muscle force. MSC therapy represents a promising new tool for the treatment of skeletal muscle trauma that shows potential for aiding in the prevention of severe functional deficiencies. The logarithmic dose-response relationship demonstrates the association between the number of transplanted cells and the resulting muscle forces, as well as the amount of MSCs required for promoting muscular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Winkler
- Department of Orthopaedics, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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35
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Abstract
Both skeletal muscle and bone marrow tissue contain myogenic stem cells. The population residing in muscles is heterogenic. Predominant in number are "typical" satellite cells - muscle progenitors migrating from somites during embryonic life. Another population is group of multipotent muscle stem cells which, at least in part, are derived from bone marrow. These cells are tracked by gradient of growth factors releasing from muscle during injury or exercise. Recruited bone marrow-derived cells gradually change their phenotype becoming muscle stem cells and eventually can attain satellite cell position and express Pax7 protein. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) isolated directly from bone marrow also display myogenic potential, although methods of induction of myogenic differentiation in vitro have not been optimized yet. Concerning efforts of exploiting myogenic stem cells in cell-mediated therapies it is important to understand the cause of impaired regenerative potential of aged muscle. Up to now, most of research data suggest that majority of age related changes in skeletal muscles are reversible, thus depending on extrinsic factors. However, irreversible intrinsic features of muscle stem cells are also taken into consideration.
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36
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Yablonka-Reuveni Z. Donor-derived hematopoietic cell contribution to myofibers in acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency: a promising progress or back to the beginning? J Histochem Cytochem 2008; 57:87-8; author reply 89. [PMID: 18854596 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2008.952606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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37
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Mori J, Ishihara Y, Matsuo K, Nakajima H, Terada N, Kosaka K, Kizaki Z, Sugimoto T. Hematopoietic contribution to skeletal muscle regeneration in acid alpha-glucosidase knockout mice. J Histochem Cytochem 2008; 56:811-7. [PMID: 18505932 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2008.951244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that cells from bone marrow (BM) can give rise to differentiated skeletal muscle fibers. However, the mechanisms and identities of the cell types involved remain unknown. We performed BM transplantation in acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) knockout mice, a model of glycogen storage disease type II, and our observations suggested that the BM cells contribute to skeletal muscle fiber formation. Furthermore, we showed that most CD45+:Sca1+ cells have a donor character in regenerating muscle of recipient mice. Based on these findings, CD45+:Sca1+ cells were sorted from regenerating muscles. The cell number was increased with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after cardiotoxin injury, and the cells were transplanted directly into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of GAA knockout mice. Sections of the TA muscles stained with anti-laminin-alpha2 antibody showed that the number of CD45+:Sca1+ cells contributing to muscle fiber formation and glycogen levels were decreased in transplanted muscles. Our results indicated that hematopoietic stem cells, such as CD45+:Sca1+ cells, are involved in skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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38
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Osteopoietic stem cells: transplantable, but regeneratively limited. Blood 2008; 111:3917-8. [PMID: 18434966 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-02-135400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Questions about the transplantability of mesenchymal stem cells, their ability to engraft within the bone marrow of recipients, and hence their clinical usefulness have been hotly debated for several decades. In this issue of Blood, Dominici and colleagues demonstrate robust serial osteopoietic engraftment, but highlight that osteopoietic chimerism declines to negligible levels after 6 months.
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39
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Luth ES, Jun SJ, Wessen MK, Liadaki K, Gussoni E, Kunkel LM. Bone marrow side population cells are enriched for progenitors capable of myogenic differentiation. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:1426-34. [PMID: 18397996 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.021675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to regenerating skeletal muscle has been repeatedly documented, there remains considerable debate as to whether this incorporation is exclusively a result of inflammatory cell fusion to regenerating myofibers or whether certain populations of bone marrow-derived cells have the capacity to differentiate into muscle. The present study uses a dual-marker approach in which GFP(+) cells were intravenously transplanted into lethally irradiated beta-galactosidase(+) recipients to allow for simple determination of donor and host contribution to the muscle. FACS analysis of cardiotoxin-damaged muscle revealed that CD45(+) bone-marrow side-population (SP) cells, a group enriched in hematopoietic stem cells, can give rise to CD45(-)/Sca-1(+)/desmin(+) cells capable of myogenic differentiation. Moreover, after immunohistochemical examination of the muscles of both SP- and whole bone marrow-transplanted animals, we noted the presence of myofibers composed only of bone marrow-derived cells. Our findings suggest that a subpopulation of bone marrow SP cells contains precursor cells whose progeny have the potential to differentiate towards a muscle lineage and are capable of de novo myogenesis following transplantation and initiation of muscle repair via chemical damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Luth
- Program in Genomics, Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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40
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Fernandes KJ, Toma JG, Miller FD. Multipotent skin-derived precursors: adult neural crest-related precursors with therapeutic potential. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2008; 363:185-98. [PMID: 17282990 PMCID: PMC2605494 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2006.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously made the surprising finding that cultures of multipotent precursors can be grown from the dermis of neonatal and adult mammalian skin. These skin-derived precursors (SKPs) display multi-lineage differentiation potential, producing both neural and mesodermal progeny in vitro, and are an apparently novel precursor cell type that is distinct from other known precursors within the skin. In this review, we begin by placing these findings within the context of the rapidly evolving stem cell field. We then describe our recent efforts focused on understanding the developmental biology of SKPs, discussing the idea that SKPs are neural crest-related precursors that (i) migrate into the skin during embryogenesis, (ii) persist within a specific dermal niche, and (iii) play a key role in the normal physiology, and potentially pathology, of the skin. We conclude by highlighting some of the therapeutic implications and unresolved questions raised by these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J.L Fernandes
- Programs in Developmental Biology, University of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
- Programs in Cancer Research, University of TorontoToronto, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Jean G Toma
- Programs in Developmental Biology, University of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - Freda D Miller
- Programs in Developmental Biology, University of TorontoToronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
- Programs in Brain and Behaviour, University of TorontoToronto, Canada M5G 1X8
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of TorontoToronto, Canada M5G 1X8
- Department of Physiology, University of TorontoToronto, Canada M5G 1X8
- Author for correspondence ()
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41
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Bryer SC, Fantuzzi G, Van Rooijen N, Koh TJ. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator plays essential roles in macrophage chemotaxis and skeletal muscle regeneration. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:1179-88. [PMID: 18178858 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.2.1179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although macrophages are thought to play important roles in tissue repair, the molecular mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. Mice deficient in urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA-/-) exhibit decreased accumulation of macrophages following muscle injury and severely impaired muscle regeneration. We tested whether macrophage-derived uPA plays essential roles in macrophage chemotaxis and skeletal muscle regeneration. Macrophage uPA was required for chemotaxis, even when invasion through matrix was not necessary. The mechanism by which macrophage uPA promoted chemotaxis was independent of receptor binding but appeared to depend on proteolytic activity. Exogenous uPA restored chemotaxis to uPA-/- macrophages and rescued muscle regeneration in uPA-/- mice. Macrophage depletion in wild-type (WT) mice using clodronate liposomes resulted in impaired muscle regeneration, confirming that macrophages are required for efficient healing. Furthermore, transfer of WT bone marrow cells to uPA-/- mice restored macrophage accumulation and muscle regeneration. In this rescue, transferred WT cells appeared to contribute to IGF-1 expression but did not fuse to regenerating fibers. These data indicate that WT leukocytes, including macrophages, that express uPA were sufficient to rescue muscle regeneration in uPA-/- mice. Overall, the results indicate that uPA plays a fundamental role in macrophage chemotaxis and that macrophage-derived uPA promotes efficient muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Bryer
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612, USA
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42
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Sarosi G, Brown G, Jaiswal K, Feagins LA, Lee E, Crook TW, Souza RF, Zou YS, Shay JW, Spechler SJ. Bone marrow progenitor cells contribute to esophageal regeneration and metaplasia in a rat model of Barrett's esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2008; 21:43-50. [PMID: 18197938 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2007.00744.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Barrett's esophagus develops when refluxed gastric juice injures the esophageal squamous lining and the injury heals through a metaplastic process in which intestinal-type columnar cells replace squamous ones. The progenitor cell that gives rise to Barrett's metaplasia is not known, nor is it known why the condition is predisposed to malignancy. We studied the contribution of bone marrow stem cells to the development of Barrett's esophagus in an animal model. Twenty female rats were given a lethal dose of irradiation followed by tail vein injection of bone marrow cells from male rats. Ten days later, the female rats were randomly assigned to undergo either esophagojejunostomy, a procedure that causes reflux esophagitis with intestinal metaplasia, or a sham operation. The rats were killed at 8 weeks and serial sections of the snap-frozen esophagi were cut and mounted on slides. The first and last sections were used for histological evaluation and the intervening sections were immunostained for cytokeratin to identify epithelial cells and analyzed for Y chromosome by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Histological evaluation of the esophagi from rats that had esophagojejunostomy revealed ulcerative esophagitis and multiple areas of intestinal metaplasia. FISH analyses showed that some of the squamous epithelial cells and some of the columnar epithelial cells lining the glands of the intestinal metaplasia were positive for Y chromosome. These observations suggest that multi-potential progenitor cells of bone marrow origin contribute to esophageal regeneration and metaplasia in this rat model of Barrett's esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sarosi
- Dallas VA Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75216, USA
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43
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Donor cell-derived osteopoiesis originates from a self-renewing stem cell with a limited regenerative contribution after transplantation. Blood 2008; 111:4386-91. [PMID: 18182575 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2007-10-115725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In principle, bone marrow transplantation should offer effective treatment for disorders originating from defects in mesenchymal stem cells. Results with the bone disease osteogenesis imperfecta support this hypothesis, although the rate of clinical improvement seen early after transplantation does not persist long term, raising questions as to the regenerative capacity of the donor-derived mesenchymal progenitors. We therefore studied the kinetics and histologic/anatomic pattern of osteopoietic engraftment after transplantation of GFP-expressing nonadherent marrow cells in mice. Serial tracking of donor-derived GFP(+) cells over 52 weeks showed abundant clusters of donor-derived osteoblasts/osteocytes in the epiphysis and metaphysis but not the diaphysis, a distribution that paralleled the sites of initial hematopoietic engraftment. Osteopoietic chimerism decreased from approximately 30% to 10% by 24 weeks after transplantation, declining to negligible levels thereafter. Secondary transplantation studies provided evidence for a self-renewing osteopoietic stem cell in the marrow graft. We conclude that a transplantable, primitive, self-renewing osteopoietic cell within the nonadherent marrow cell population engrafts in an endosteal niche, like hematopoietic stem cells, and regenerates a significant fraction of all bone cells. The lack of durable donor-derived osteopoiesis may reflect an intrinsic genetic program or exogenous environmental signaling that suppresses the differentiation capacity of the donor stem cells.
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44
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Hashimoto N, Kiyono T, Wada MR, Umeda R, Goto YI, Nonaka I, Shimizu S, Yasumoto S, Inagawa-Ogashiwa M. Osteogenic properties of human myogenic progenitor cells. Mech Dev 2007; 125:257-69. [PMID: 18164186 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2007.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 11/11/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, we identified human myogenic progenitor cells coexpressing Pax7, a marker of muscle satellite cells and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, a marker of osteoblasts, in regenerating muscle. To determine whether human myogenic progenitor cells are able to act as osteoprogenitor cells, we cultured both primary and immortalized progenitor cells derived from the healthy muscle of a nondystrophic woman. The undifferentiated myogenic progenitors spontaneously expressed two osteoblast-specific proteins, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and Runx2, and were able to undergo terminal osteogenic differentiation without exposure to an exogenous inductive agent such as bone morphogenetic proteins. They also expressed the muscle lineage-specific proteins Pax7 and MyoD, and lost their osteogenic characteristics in association with terminal muscle differentiation. Both myoblastic and osteoblastic properties are thus simultaneously expressed in the human myogenic cell lineage prior to commitment to muscle differentiation. In addition, C3 transferase, a specific inhibitor of Rho GTPase, blocked myogenic but not osteogenic differentiation of human myogenic progenitor cells. These data suggest that human myogenic progenitor cells retain the capacity to act as osteoprogenitor cells that form ectopic bone spontaneously, and that Rho signaling is involved in a critical switch between myogenesis and osteogenesis in the human myogenic cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Hashimoto
- Stem Cell Research Team, Mitsubishi Kagaku Institute of Life Sciences, 11 Minamiooya, Machida, Tokyo 194-8511, Japan.
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45
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Abedi M, Foster BM, Wood KD, Colvin GA, McLean SD, Johnson KW, Greer DA. Haematopoietic stem cells participate in muscle regeneration. Br J Haematol 2007; 138:792-801. [PMID: 17672885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
It has previously been shown that bone marrow cells contribute to skeletal muscle regeneration, but the nature of marrow cell(s) involved in this process is unknown. We used an immunocompetent and an immunocompromised model of bone marrow transplantation to characterize the type of marrow cells participating regenerating skeletal muscle fibres. Animals were transplanted with different populations of marrow cells from Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) transgenic mice and the presence of GFP(+) muscle fibres were evaluated in the cardiotoxin-injured tibialis anterior muscles. GFP(+) muscle fibres were found mostly in animals that received either CD45(-), lineage(-), c-Kit(+), Sca-1(+) or Flk-2(+) populations of marrow cells, suggesting that haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) rather than mesenchymal cells or more differentiated haematopoietic cells are responsible for the formation of GFP(+) muscle fibres. Mac-1 positive population of marrow cells was also associated with the emergence of GFP(+) skeletal muscle fibres. However, most of this activity was limited to either Mac-1(+) Sca(+) or Mac-1(+)c-Kit(+) cells with long-term haematopoietic repopulation capabilities, indicating a stem cell phenotype for these cells. Experiments in the immunocompromised transplant model showed that participation of HSC in the skeletal muscle fibre formation could occur without haematopoietic chimerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Abedi
- Roger Williams Medical Center, Department of Research, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
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46
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Wong SHA, Lowes KN, Bertoncello I, Quigley AF, Simmons PJ, Cook MJ, Kornberg AJ, Kapsa RMI. Evaluation of Sca-1 and c-Kit As Selective Markers for Muscle Remodelling by Nonhemopoietic Bone Marrow Cells. Stem Cells 2007; 25:1364-74. [PMID: 17303817 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMCs) have demonstrated a myogenic tissue remodeling capacity. However, because the myoremodeling is limited to approximately 1%-3% of recipient muscle fibers in vivo, there is disagreement regarding the clinical relevance of BM for therapeutic application in myodegenerative conditions. This study sought to determine whether rare selectable cell surface markers (in particular, c-Kit) could be used to identify a BMC population with enhanced myoremodeling capacity. Dystrophic mdx muscle remodeling has been achieved using BMCs sorted by expression of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1). The inference that Sca-1 is also a selectable marker associated with myoremodeling capacity by muscle-derived cells prompted this study of relative myoremodeling contributions from BMCs (compared with muscle cells) on the basis of expression or absence of Sca-1. We show that myoremodeling activity does not differ in cells sorted solely on the basis of Sca-1 from either muscle or BM. In addition, further fractionation of BM to a more mesenchymal-like cell population with lineage markers and CD45 subsequently revealed a stronger selectability of myoremodeling capacity with c-Kit/Sca-1 (p < .005) than with Sca-1 alone. These results suggest that c-Kit may provide a useful selectable marker that facilitates selection of cells with an augmented myoremodeling capacity derived from BM and possibly from other nonmuscle tissues. In turn, this may provide a new methodology for rapid isolation of myoremodeling capacities from muscle and nonmuscle tissues. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon H A Wong
- National Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, St. Vincent's Hospital, 35 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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47
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Agbulut O, Huet A, Niederländer N, Puceat M, Menasché P, Coirault C. Green fluorescent protein impairs actin-myosin interactions by binding to the actin-binding site of myosin. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:10465-71. [PMID: 17289667 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m610418200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Green fluorescent proteins (GFP) are widely used in biology for tracking purposes. Although expression of GFP is considered to be innocuous for the cells, deleterious effects have been reported. We recently demonstrated that expression of eGFP in muscle impairs its contractile properties (Agbulut, O., Coirault, C., Niederlander, N., Huet, A., Vicart, P., Hagege, A., Puceat, M., and Menasche, P. (2006) Nat. Meth. 3, 331). This prompted us to identify the molecular mechanisms linking eGFP expression to contractile dysfunction and, particularly, to test the hypothesis that eGFP could inhibit actin-myosin interactions. Therefore, we assessed the cellular, mechanical, enzymatic, biochemical, and structural properties of myosin in the presence of eGFP and F-actin. In vitro motility assays, the maximum actin-activated ATPase rate (V(max)) and the associated constant of myosin for actin (K(m)) were determined at 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:3 myosin:eGFP molar ratios. At a myosin:eGFP ratio of 1:0.5, there was a nearly 10-fold elevation of K(m). As eGFP concentration increased relative to myosin, the percentage of moving filaments, the myosin-based velocity, and V(max) significantly decreased compared with controls. Moreover, myosin co-precipitated with eGFP. Crystal structures of myosin, actin, and GFP indicated that GFP and actin exhibited similar electrostatic surface patterns and the ClusPro docking model showed that GFP bound preferentially to the myosin head and especially to the actin-binding site. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that expression of eGFP in muscle resulted in the binding of eGFP to myosin, thereby disturbing the actin-myosin interaction and in turn the contractile function of the transduced cells. This potential adverse effect of eGFP should be kept in mind when using this marker to track cells following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onnik Agbulut
- EA300, Department of Biochemistry, University Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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48
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Abstract
Over the past decade, the old idea that the bone marrow contains endothelial cell precursors has become an area of renewed interest. While some still believe that there are no endothelial precursors in the blood, even among those who do, there is no consensus as to what they are or what they do. In this review, we describe the problems in identifying endothelial cells and conclude that expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase may be the most reliable antigenic indicator of the phenotype. The evidence for two different classes of endothelial precursors is also presented. We suggest that, though there is no single endothelial cell precursor, we may be able to use these phenotypic variations to our advantage in better understanding their biology. We also discuss how a variety of genetic, epigenetic, and methodological differences can account for the seemingly contradictory findings on the physiological relevance of bone marrow-derived precursors in normal vascular maintenance and in response to injury. Data on the impact of tumor type and location on the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the tumor vasculature are also presented. These data provide hope that we may ultimately be able to predict those tumors in which bone marrow-derived cells will have a significant contribution and design therapies accordingly. Finally, factors that regulate bone marrow cell recruitment to and function in the endothelium are beginning to be identified, and several of these, including stromal derived factor 1, monocyte chemoattractant factor-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina C Schatteman
- Integrative Physiology FH412, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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49
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Zammit PS, Partridge TA, Yablonka-Reuveni Z. The skeletal muscle satellite cell: the stem cell that came in from the cold. J Histochem Cytochem 2006; 54:1177-91. [PMID: 16899758 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.6r6995.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscle satellite cell was first described and actually named on the basis of its anatomic location under the basement membrane surrounding each myofiber. For many years following its discovery, electron microscopy provided the only definitive method of identification. More recently, several molecular markers have been described that can be used to detect satellite cells, making them more accessible for study at the light microscope level. Satellite cells supply myonuclei to growing myofibers before becoming mitotically quiescent in muscle as it matures. They are then activated from this quiescent state to fulfill their roles in routine maintenance, hypertrophy, and repair of adult muscle. Because muscle is able to efficiently regenerate after repeated bouts of damage, systems must be in place to maintain a viable satellite cell pool, and it was proposed over 30 years ago that self-renewal was the primary mechanism. Self-renewal entails either a stochastic event or an asymmetrical cell division, where one daughter cell is committed to differentiation whereas the second continues to proliferate or becomes quiescent. This classic model of satellite cell self-renewal and the importance of satellite cells in muscle maintenance and repair have been challenged during the past few years as bone marrow-derived cells and various intramuscular populations were shown to be able to contribute myonuclei and occupy the satellite cell niche. This is a fast-moving and dynamic field, however, and in this review we discuss the evidence that we think puts this enigmatic cell firmly back at the center of adult myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Zammit
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL England.
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50
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Salah-Mohellibi N, Millet G, André-Schmutz I, Desforges B, Olaso R, Roblot N, Courageot S, Bensimon G, Cavazzana-Calvo M, Melki J. Bone marrow transplantation attenuates the myopathic phenotype of a muscular mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Stem Cells 2006; 24:2723-32. [PMID: 16888281 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) transplantation was performed on a muscular mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy that had been created by mutating the survival of motor neuron gene (Smn) in myofibers only. This model is characterized by a severe myopathy and progressive loss of muscle fibers leading to paralysis. Transplantation of wild-type BM cells following irradiation at a low dose (6 Gy) improved motor capacity (+85%). This correlated with a normalization of myofiber number associated with a higher number of regenerating myofibers (1.6-fold increase) and an activation of CD34 and Pax7 satellite cells. However, BM cells had a very limited capacity to replace or fuse to mutant myofibers (2%). These data suggest that BM transplantation was able to attenuate the myopathic phenotype through an improvement of skeletal muscle regeneration of recipient mutant mice, a process likely mediated by a biological activity of BM-derived cells. This hypothesis was further supported by the capacity of muscle protein extracts from transplanted mutant mice to promote myoblast proliferation in vitro (1.6-fold increase). In addition, a tremendous upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which activates quiescent satellite cells, was found in skeletal muscle of transplanted mutants compared with nontransplanted mutants. Eventually, thanks to the Cre-loxP system, we show that BM-derived muscle cells were strong candidates harboring this biological activity. Taken together, our data suggest that a biological activity is likely involved in muscle regeneration improvement mediated by BM transplantation. HGF may represent an attractive paracrine mechanism to support this activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD34/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/methods
- Cell Proliferation
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/pathology
- Muscular Diseases/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/pathology
- PAX7 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Phenotype
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Regeneration
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/pathology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouzha Salah-Mohellibi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, U798, Evry, F-91057 France
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