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Barrera V, Troughton LD, Iorio V, Liu S, Oyewole O, Sheridan CM, Hamill KJ. Differential Distribution of Laminin N-Terminus α31 Across the Ocular Surface: Implications for Corneal Wound Repair. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:4082-4093. [PMID: 30098195 PMCID: PMC6735649 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Laminin N-terminus (LaNt) α31 is a relatively unstudied protein derived from the laminin α3 gene but structurally similar to netrins. LaNt α31 has, to date, been investigated only in two-dimensional (2D) keratinocyte culture where it influences cell migration and adhesion, processes integral to wound repair. Here we investigated LaNt α31 distribution in ocular surface epithelium, during limbal stem cell activation, and corneal wound healing. Methods Human, mouse, and pig eyes, ex vivo limbal explant cultures, and alkali burn wounds were processed for immunohistochemistry with antibodies against LaNt α31 along with progenitor cell-associated proteins. LaNt α31 expression was induced via adenoviral transduction into primary epithelial cells isolated from limbal explants, and cell spreading and migration were analyzed using live imaging. Results LaNt α31 localized to the basal layer of the conjunctival, limbal, and corneal epithelial cells. However, staining was nonuniform with apparent subpopulation enrichment, and some suprabasal reactivity was also noted. This LaNt α31 distribution largely matched that of keratin 15, epidermal growth factor receptor, and transformation-related protein 63α (p63α), and displayed similar increases in expression in activated limbal explants. During active alkali burn wound repair, LaNt α31 displayed increased expression in limbal regions and loss of basal restriction within the cornea. Distribution returned to predominately basal cell restricted once the wounded epithelium matured. Cultured corneal epithelial cells expressing LaNt α31 displayed increased 2D area and reduced migration, suggesting a functional link between this protein and key wound repair activities. Conclusions These data place LaNt α31 in position to influence laminin-dependent processes including wound repair and stem cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Barrera
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lee D. Troughton
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Iorio
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Siyin Liu
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Olutobi Oyewole
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Carl M. Sheridan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J. Hamill
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Yang Y, Fu Q, Liu Y, Wang X, Dunham R, Liu S, Bao L, Zeng Q, Zhou T, Li N, Qin Z, Jiang C, Gao D, Liu Z. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals conserved branching morphogenesis related genes involved in chamber formation of catfish swimbladder. Physiol Genomics 2017; 50:67-76. [PMID: 29167198 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00089.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The swimbladder is an internal gas-filled organ in teleosts. Its major function is to regulate buoyancy. The swimbladder exhibits great variation in size, shape, and number of compartments or chambers among teleosts. However, genomic control of swimbladder variation is unknown. Channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus), blue catfish ( Ictalurus furcatus), and their F1 hybrids of female channel catfish × male blue catfish (C × B hybrid catfish) provide a good model in which to investigate the swimbladder morphology, because channel catfish possess a single-chambered swimbladder, whereas blue catfish possess a bichambered swimbladder; C × B hybrid catfish possess a bichambered swimbladder but with a significantly reduced posterior chamber. Here we determined the transcriptional profiles of swimbladder from channel catfish, blue catfish, and C × B hybrid catfish. We examined their transcriptomes at both the fingerling and adult stages. Through comparative transcriptome analysis, ~4,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Among these DEGs, members of the Wnt signaling pathway ( wnt1, wnt2, nfatc1, rac2), Hedgehog signaling pathway ( shh), and growth factors ( fgf10, igf-1) were identified. As these genes were known to be important for branching morphogenesis of mammalian lung and of mammary glands, their association with budding of the posterior chamber primordium and progressive development of bichambered swimbladder in fish suggest that these branching morphogenesis-related genes and their functions in branching are evolutionarily conserved across a broad spectrum of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Qiang Fu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama.,Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Xiaozhu Wang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Rex Dunham
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Shikai Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Lisui Bao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Qifan Zeng
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Tao Zhou
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Ning Li
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Chen Jiang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Dongya Gao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Aquatic Genomics Unit, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University , Auburn, Alabama
| | - Zhanjiang Liu
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University , Syracuse, New York
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Lecht S, Gerstenhaber JA, Stabler CT, Pimton P, Karamil S, Marcinkiewicz C, Schulman ES, Lelkes PI. Heterogeneous Mixed-Lineage Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Induced by Conditioned Media from A549 Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1923-36. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Lecht
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan A. Gerstenhaber
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Collin T. Stabler
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pimchanok Pimton
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Walailak University, Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Seda Karamil
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cezary Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward S. Schulman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter I. Lelkes
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Expression of so-called adhesion proteins and DNA cytometric analysis in malignant parotid tumours as predictors of clinical outcome. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 52:168-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Youn Jung S, Bok Kim O, Kang HK, Jang DH, Min BM, Yu FH. Protein kinase Cα/β inhibitor Gö6976 promotes PC12 cell adhesion and spreading through membrane recruitment and activation of protein kinase Cδ. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Daley WP, Yamada KM. Cell–ECM Interactions and the Regulation of Epithelial Branching Morphogenesis. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN DEVELOPMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35935-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Spenlé C, Simon-Assmann P, Orend G, Miner JH. Laminin α5 guides tissue patterning and organogenesis. Cell Adh Migr 2012; 7:90-100. [PMID: 23076210 PMCID: PMC3544791 DOI: 10.4161/cam.22236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminins (LM) are extracellular matrix molecules that contribute to and are required for the formation of basement membranes. They participate in the modulation of epithelial/mesenchymal interactions and are implicated in organogenesis and maintenance of organ homeostasis. Among the LM molecules, the LM α5 chain (LMα5) is one of the most widely distributed LM in the developing and mature organism. Its presence in some basement membranes during embryogenesis is absolutely required for maintenance of basement membrane integrity and thus for proper organogenesis. LMα5 also regulates the expression of genes important for major biological processes, in part by repressing or activating signaling pathways, depending upon the physiological context.
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Daley WP, Gervais EM, Centanni SW, Gulfo KM, Nelson DA, Larsen M. ROCK1-directed basement membrane positioning coordinates epithelial tissue polarity. Development 2012; 139:411-22. [PMID: 22186730 PMCID: PMC3243099 DOI: 10.1242/dev.075366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The basement membrane is crucial for epithelial tissue organization and function. However, the mechanisms by which basement membrane is restricted to the basal periphery of epithelial tissues and the basement membrane-mediated signals that regulate coordinated tissue organization are not well defined. Here, we report that Rho kinase (ROCK) controls coordinated tissue organization by restricting basement membrane to the epithelial basal periphery in developing mouse submandibular salivary glands, and that ROCK inhibition results in accumulation of ectopic basement membrane throughout the epithelial compartment. ROCK-regulated restriction of PAR-1b (MARK2) localization in the outer basal epithelial cell layer is required for basement membrane positioning at the tissue periphery. PAR-1b is specifically required for basement membrane deposition, as inhibition of PAR-1b kinase activity prevents basement membrane deposition and disrupts overall tissue organization, and suppression of PAR-1b together with ROCK inhibition prevents interior accumulations of basement membrane. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of wild-type PAR-1b results in ectopic interior basement membrane deposition. Significantly, culture of salivary epithelial cells on exogenous basement membrane rescues epithelial organization in the presence of ROCK1 or PAR-1b inhibition, and this basement membrane-mediated rescue requires functional integrin β1 to maintain epithelial cell-cell adhesions. Taken together, these studies indicate that ROCK1/PAR-1b-dependent regulation of basement membrane placement is required for the coordination of tissue polarity and the elaboration of tissue structure in the developing submandibular salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Daley
- Graduate program in Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Elise M. Gervais
- Graduate program in Molecular, Cellular, Developmental, and Neural Biology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Samuel W. Centanni
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Gulfo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Deirdre A. Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Peysselon F, Xue B, Uversky VN, Ricard-Blum S. Intrinsic disorder of the extracellular matrix. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2011; 7:3353-65. [PMID: 22009114 DOI: 10.1039/c1mb05316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is very well organized at the supramolecular and tissue levels and little is known on the potential role of intrinsic disorder in promoting its organization. We predicted the amount of disorder and identified disordered regions in the human extracellular proteome with established computational tools. The extracellular proteome is significantly enriched in proteins comprising more than 50% of disorder compared to the complete human proteome. The enrichment is mostly due to long disordered regions containing at least 100 consecutive disordered residues. The amount of intrinsic disorder is heterogeneous in the extracellular protein families, with the most disordered being collagens and the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins. Although most domains found in extracellular proteins are structured, the fibronectin III domains contain a variable amount of disordered residues (up to 92%). Binding sites for heparin and integrins are found in disordered sequences of extracellular proteins. Intrinsic disorder is evenly distributed in hubs and ends in the interaction network of extracellular proteins with their extracellular partners. In contrast, extracellular hubs are significantly enriched in disorder in the network of extracellular proteins with their extracellular, membrane and intracellular partners. Disorder could thus provide the structural plasticity required for the hubs to interact with membrane and intracellular proteins. Organization and assembly of the extracellular matrix, development of mineralized tissues and cell-matrix adhesion are the biological processes overrepresented in the most disordered extracellular proteins. Extracellular disorder is associated with binding to growth factors, glycosaminoglycans and integrins at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Peysselon
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5086 CNRS - Université Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Kusuma N, Anderson RL, Pouliot N. Laminin α5-derived peptides modulate the properties of metastatic breast tumour cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:909-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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11
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Kadoya Y, Yamashina S. Cellular dynamics of epithelial clefting during branching morphogenesis of the mouse submandibular gland. Dev Dyn 2010; 239:1739-47. [PMID: 20503369 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We cultured the rudimental submandibular gland (SMG) of mice with a non-cell-permeable fluorescent tracer, and observed cell behavior during epithelial branching morphogenesis using confocal time-lapse microscopy. We traced movements of individual cells as shadowgraph movies. Individual epithelial cells migrated dynamically but erratically. The epithelial cleft extended by wiggling and separated a cluster of cells into two buds during branching. We examined the ultrastructure of the clefts in SMG rudiments treated with the laminin peptide A5G77f, which induces epithelial clefting. A short cytoplasmic shelf with a core of microfilaments was found at the deep end of the cleft. We propose that epithelial clefting involves a dynamic movement of cells at the base of the cleft, and the formation of a shelf within a cleft cell. The shelf might form a matrix attachment point at the base of the cleft with a core of microfilaments driving cleft elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kadoya
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Japan.
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12
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Gresik EW, Koyama N, Hayashi T, Kashimata M. Branching morphogenesis in the fetal mouse submandibular gland is codependent on growth factors and extracellular matrix. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2010; 56 Suppl:228-33. [PMID: 20224186 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.56.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Branching morphogenesis (BrM) is a basic developmental process for the formation of the lung, kidney, and all exocrine glands, including the salivary glands. This process proceeds as follows. An epithelial downgrowth invaginates into underlying mesenchyme, and forms a cleft at its distal end, which is the site of dichotomous branching and elongation; this process of clefting and elongation is repeated many times at the distal ends of the invading epithelium until the desired final extent of branching is reached. The distal ends of the epithelium differentiate into the secretory endpieces, and the elongated segments become the ducts. This presentation is a brief historical review of studies on BrM during the development of the submandibular gland (SMG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward W Gresik
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York, NY, USA
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Hozumi K, Suzuki N, Uchiyama Y, Katagiri F, Kikkawa Y, Nomizu M. Chain-specific heparin-binding sequences in the laminin alpha chain LG45 modules. Biochemistry 2009; 48:5375-81. [PMID: 19415899 DOI: 10.1021/bi900542u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laminin alpha chains contain five tandem globular modules (LG1-5) at the C-terminus. Here, we focused on the LG45 module, which play a critical biological role via binding to heparin/heparan sulfate, and examined their chain-specific heparin-binding affinity. The relative heparin-binding affinity of recombinant laminin alpha chain LG45 proteins was as follows: alpha5 > alpha4 > alpha1 > alpha2 and alpha3. The alpha5 chain LG45 module also promoted the strongest cell attachment. We screened heparin-binding sequences using the recombinant alpha5LG45 protein and 43 synthetic peptides. Four peptides, A5G71 (GPLPSYLQFVGI) (IC(50) = 91.8 microM), A5G77 (LVLFLNHGHFVA) (IC(50) = 7.0 microM), A5G81 (AGQWHRVSVRWG) (IC(50) = 5.9 microM), and A5G94 (KMPYVSLELEMR) (IC(50) = 0.84 microM), inhibited the heparin-binding of rec-alpha5LG45. Additionally, the same four peptides exhibited dose-dependent heparin-binding activity in a solid-phase assay. We found that the alpha5 chain LG45 module contains four heparin-binding sequences, and this number is higher than that of the other LG45 modules (alpha2 and alpha3, one sequence; alpha1 and alpha4, two sequences). The data suggest that the active sequences identified from the synthetic peptide screening contribute to the heparin-binding activity of the LG45 module. Most of the heparin-binding sequences in the LG45 modules are located in the N-terminal regions of the LG4 module within the loop regions in the proteins. The data suggest that the N-terminal loop regions of the LG4 module are mainly involved in the heparin/heparan sulfate-mediated biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hozumi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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Inhibition and transcriptional silencing of a subtilisin-like proprotein convertase, PACE4/SPC4, reduces the branching morphogenesis of and AQP5 expression in rat embryonic submandibular gland. Dev Biol 2009; 325:434-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2008.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Gama-de-Souza LN, Cyreno-Oliveira E, Freitas VM, Melo ES, Vilas-Boas VF, Moriscot AS, Jaeger RG. Adhesion and protease activity in cell lines from human salivary gland tumors are regulated by the laminin-derived peptide AG73, syndecan-1 and beta1 integrin. Matrix Biol 2008; 27:402-19. [PMID: 18378436 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2007] [Revised: 02/16/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the induction of protease activity by the laminin alpha1-derived peptide AG73 in cells from adenoid cystic carcinoma (CAC2) and myoepithelioma (M1), respectively a malignant and a benign salivary gland tumors. Laminin alpha1 chain and MMP9 were immunolocalized in adenoid cystic carcinoma and myoepithelioma in vivo and in vitro. Cells grown inside AG73-enriched laminin-111 exhibited large spaces in the extracellular matrix, suggestive of remodeling. The broad spectrum MMP inhibitor GM6001 decreased spaces induced by AG73 in CAC2 and M1 cells. This result strongly suggests that AG73-mediated matrix remodeling involves matrix metalloproteinases. CAC2 and M1 cells cultured on AG73 showed a dose-dependent increase of MMP9 secretion, as detected by zymography. Furthermore, siRNA silencing of MMP9 decreased remodeling in 3D cultures. We searched for AG73 receptors regulating MMP9 activity in our cell lines. CAC2 and M1 cells grown on AG73 exhibited colocalization of syndecan-1 and beta1 integrin. siRNA knockdown of syndecan-1 expression in these cells resulted in decreased adhesion to AG73 and reduced protease and remodeling activity. We investigated syndecan-1 co-receptors in both cell lines. Silencing beta1 integrin inhibited adhesion to AG73, matrix remodeling and protease activity. Double-knockdown experiments were carried out to further explore syndecan-1 and beta1 integrin cooperation. CAC2 cells transfected with both syndecan-1 and beta1 integrin siRNA oligos showed significant decrease in adhesion to AG73. Simultaneous silencing of receptors also induced a decrease in protease activity. Our results suggest that syndecan-1 and beta1 integrin signaling downstream of AG73 regulate adhesion and MMP production by CAC2 and M1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia N Gama-de-Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Takashi H, Katsumi M, Toshihiro A. Hepatocytes maintain their function on basement membrane formed by epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 359:151-6. [PMID: 17531195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To establish liver tissue engineering, the effective substratum for hepatocytes culture should be developed. Up to now, it is believed that Matrigel, which contains several basement membrane proteins produced by sarcoma cells, is the most effective substratum. Matrigel does not contain extracellular matrix molecules derived from epithelial cells although the space of Disse contains the molecules such as laminin-511/521 (laminin-10/11). Therefore, the basement membrane formed by epithelial cells can be more effective substratum than Matrigel. In this study, we evaluated hepatocytes behavior on basement membrane (rBM) formed by alveolar epithelial cells. The viability of hepatocytes on rBM is higher than that of Matrigel within 5 days. Also, the expression of Cyp1a2 induced by beta-naphthoflavone can be observed in hepatocytes on rBM but not in Matrigel. These results indicate that rBM is a more effective substratum for hepatocyte culture than Matrigel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoshiba Takashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Abstract
Salivary gland branching morphogenesis involves coordinated cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and interaction of epithelial, mesenchymal, endothelial, and neuronal cells. The ex vivo analysis of embryonic mouse submandibular glands, which branch so reproducibly and beautifully in culture, is a powerful tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms regulating epithelium-mesenchyme interactions during development. The more recent analysis of genetically modified mice provides insight into the genetic regulation of branching morphogenesis. The review begins, as did the field historically, focusing on the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and its components such as glycosaminoglycans, collagens, and laminins. Following sections describe the modification of the ECM by proteases and the role of cell-matrix and cell-cell receptors. The review then focuses on two major families of growth factors implicated in salivary gland development, the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and the epidermal growth factors (EGFs). The salivary gland phenotypes in mice with genetic modification of FGFs and their receptors highlight the central role of FGFs during salivary gland branching morphogenesis. A broader section mentions other molecules implicated from analysis of the phenotypes of genetically modified mice or organ culture experiments. The review concludes with speculation on some future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali N Patel
- Matrix and Morphogenesis Unit, Craniofacial Developmental Biology and Regeneration Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Dr Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Hoshiba T, Cho CS, Murakawa A, Okahata Y, Akaike T. The effect of natural extracellular matrix deposited on synthetic polymers on cultured primary hepatocytes. Biomaterials 2006; 27:4519-28. [PMID: 16697038 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 04/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that natural extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules are deposited on the surface of biomaterials during culture of cells and affect cellular behaviors. However, it has not been fully understood what kinds of ECM molecules are deposited on the surface of biomaterials although the cellular behaviors were affected by deposited ECM. In this study, to investigate the effect of deposited natural ECM on behaviors of hepatocytes cultured on biomaterials such as poly (N-p-vinylbenzyl-4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-gluconamide) (PVLA) as a hepatocyte-specific matrix and poly (L-lysine) (PLL) as a non-specific one during the culture of hepatocytes in vitro, we investigated expression pattern of ECM genes and adsorption of ECM molecules onto PVLA- and PLL-coated surfaces. It was found that the expression levels of type I collagen and fibronectin genes in the hepatocytes cultured on PVLA-coated surface were different from them in the hepatocytes cultured on PLL-coated one. Also, the results showed that laminin was dominantly deposited on PVLA-coated surface whereas fibronectin was dominantly deposited on PLL-coated one. Hepatocytes maintained liver-specific functions on PVLA- and laminin-coated surfaces. It is thought that deposited laminin during the culture of hepatocytes affects the liver-specific functions of hepatocytes cultured on PVLA-coated surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hoshiba
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
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Roth-Kleiner M, Post M. Similarities and dissimilarities of branching and septation during lung development. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005; 40:113-34. [PMID: 15965895 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The lungs of small premature babies are at a developmental stage of finalizing their airway tree by a process called branching morphogenesis, and of creating terminal gas exchange units by a mechanism called septation. If the branching process is disturbed, the lung has a propensity to be hypoplastic. If septation is impaired, the terminal gas exchange units, the alveoli, tend to be enlarged and reduced in number, an entity known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Here, we review current knowledge of key molecules influencing branching and septation. In particular, we discuss the molecular similarities and dissimilarities between the two processes of airspace enlargement. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating branching and septation may provide perinatologists with targets for improving lung growth and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Roth-Kleiner
- Lung Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Abstract
The basement membrane separates the epithelium from the surrounding mesenchyme and plays an essential role in the development of various epithelial-mesenchymal organs. Among these, the submandibular salivary gland (SMG) has been chosen to review the expression patterns and roles of the epithelial basement membrane and its components, in particular the laminins, during SMG morphogenesis. At the outset, a brief description of SMG development is provided with special reference to changes in the epithelial architecture and the epithelial basement membrane. The restricted expression patterns of various laminin isoforms in the developing SMGs are also summarized. Furthermore, an overview is given of several lines of experimental evidence that indicate significant but distinct roles for laminin-1 and laminin-10, their individual domains and their receptor-mediated signaling in SMG morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kadoya
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
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Contacts of Basement Membrane Molecules with Cell Membranes. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5823(05)56010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lonai P. Fibroblast growth factor signaling and the function and assembly of basement membranes. Curr Top Dev Biol 2005; 66:37-64. [PMID: 15797451 DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2153(05)66002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lonai
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 76100
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Abstract
Laminins, heterotrimers composed of alpha, beta, and gamma chains, are multifunctional glycoproteins present in basement membranes. Laminins, the most important component of basement membranes during basement membrane assembly in early development, are involved in various biological activities such as cell adhesion, migration, growth, differentiation, tumor metastasis, and angiogenesis. Fully 15 laminin isoforms have been identified and are tissue- and/or developmental stage-specifically expressed. Integrins, dystroglycan, syndecans, and the other several cell surface molecules are cellular receptors for laminins. The globular domains located in the N- and C-terminus of the laminin alpha chains are critical for interactions with the cellular receptors. There are highly conserved functional sites and chain-specific functional sites among the laminin alpha chains. Additionally, laminins are processed by specific endogenous proteases and the processing regulates laminin functions. Binding of the functional sequences in laminins to the cellular receptors triggers intracellular signaling, followed by inducing various cell activities including cell spreading and migration. Laminins possess multifunctional sequences and are key molecules that determine cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Suzuki
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, Tokyo, Japan
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