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Sert UY, Celik HK, Karakaya BK, Caglar AT, Erdogan G, Engin-Ustun Y. The Impact of First Trimester TSH Level on Fetal Growth and Post-Term Pregnancy. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:584-591. [PMID: 34106035 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2021.1933280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: First trimester thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is an important determiner of neonatal outcome. In this study we investigated the relationship between first-trimester TSH level and fetal birthweight. Materials-Methods: First-trimester serum TSH, age, gravidity, parity, body mass index (BMI), gestational age, and birth weight were analyzed. Patients were divided two ways. The first division- group 1 with TSH < 2.5 mU/l, group 2 with TSH > 2.5 mU/l). The second division- group 3 with TSH < 4 mU/l and group 4 with TSH > 4 mU/l). Results: The study included 302 patients. High TSH levels are associated with an increased risk of macrosomic and post-term babies. A significant association was found for both thresholds of 2.5 and 4.0 mU/l. However, this relation was not significant after binary logistic regression. Conclusion: High maternal first trimester TSH levels are not associated with birth weight after separating out macrosomia-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Yasemin Sert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kansu Celik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kısa Karakaya
- Ankara Medical Park Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Turhan Caglar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım, Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Erdogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Near East University, Cyprus
| | - Yaprak Engin-Ustun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Etlik Zübeyde Hanım, Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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David UE, Asiwe JN, Fasanmade AA. Maternal hypothyroidism prolongs gestation period and impairs glucose tolerance in offspring of Wistar rats. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2021; 43:323-328. [PMID: 34907695 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pregnancy is a critical period keenly regulated by both maternal and foetal factors and a shift in these factors could result in severe complications manifesting in foetal and adult life. However, maternal hypothyroidism before and/or during pregnancy is a critical factor. This study investigated the effect of maternal hypothyroidism on glucose tolerance and thyroid function in male and female offspring. METHODS Fifteen adult female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 (sham-control), Group 2 (thyrodectomized) and Group 3 (thyroidectomised + L-thyroxine treated). Blood thyroxine (T4) level was measured on the day 10 after thyroidectomy in Groups 1 and 2, and day 35 in Group 3. Males were introduced to the female rats after T4 measurement. At PND-112, T4 levels of their offspring were measured. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was measured in offspring at PND-133. RESULTS Thyroxine reduced significantly in Group 2 and their offspring (male and female) compared to Group 3 while gestation period was prolonged significantly in Group 2 compared to Group 1. Hypothyroid male offspring showed depressed glucose tolerance, however, no effect was observed in female offspring. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that maternal hypothyroidism prolonged gestation period, induced foetal hypothyroidism in both genders and depressed glucose tolerance in male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubong Edem David
- Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Jerome Ndudi Asiwe
- Department of Physiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Physiology, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Kowalczyk-Zieba I, Staszkiewicz-Chodor J, Boruszewska D, Lukaszuk K, Jaworska J, Woclawek-Potocka I. Hypothyroidism Affects Uterine Function via the Modulation of Prostaglandin Signaling. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092636. [PMID: 34573602 PMCID: PMC8467780 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones control the functions of almost all body systems. Reproductive dysfunctions, such as abnormal sexual development, infertility, or irregularities in the reproductive cycle, might be associated with thyroid disorders. Uterine receptivity is the period when the uterus is receptive to the implantation of an embryo. During the receptivity period (implantation window), a newly formed blastocyst is incorporated into the uterine epithelium. Prostaglandins are well-known primary mediators of pathological conditions such as inflammation and cancer but are also essential for the physiology of female reproduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between hypothyroidism and changes in the prostaglandin signaling pathways in the uterus and in the process of uterine receptivity in a rat model. The results show that hypothyroidism impaired uterine receptivity by decreasing the level of E2 as well as decreasing the expression of the uterine-receptivity factors homeobox A10 and osteopontin. Moreover, hypothyroidism caused changes in the expression of elements of the prostaglandin E2, F2α, and I2 signaling pathways and changed the levels of those prostaglandins in the uterine tissue. The results suggest that the mechanisms by which hypothyroidism affects female reproductive abnormalities might involve the prostaglandin signaling pathway, resulting in a subsequent reduction in uterine receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kowalczyk-Zieba
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-895393114
| | - Joanna Staszkiewicz-Chodor
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Dorota Boruszewska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Krzysztof Lukaszuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, 80-850 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Jaworska
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
| | - Izabela Woclawek-Potocka
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.S.-C.); (D.B.); (J.J.); (I.W.-P.)
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Bagheripuor F, Ghanbari M, Piryaei A, Ghasemi A. Effects of fetal hypothyroidism on uterine smooth muscle contraction and structure of offspring rats. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:683-692. [DOI: 10.1113/ep086564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bagheripuor
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center; Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Ghanbari
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center; Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences; School of Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center; Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Rodríguez-Castelán J, Anaya-Hernández A, Méndez-Tepepa M, Martínez-Gómez M, Castelán F, Cuevas-Romero E. Distribution of thyroid hormone and thyrotropin receptors in reproductive tissues of adult female rabbits. Endocr Res 2017; 42:59-70. [PMID: 27268091 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2016.1182185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thyroid dysfunctions are related to anovulation, miscarriages, and infertility in women and laboratory animals. Mechanisms associated with these effects are unknown, although indirect or direct actions of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin could be assumed. The present study aimed to identify the distribution of thyroid hormones (TRs) and thyrotropin (TSHR) receptors in reproductive organs of female rabbits. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ovary of virgin and pregnant rabbits, as well as the oviduct, uterus, and vagina of virgin rabbits were excised, histologically processed, and cut. Slices from these organs were used for immunohistochemical studies for TRα1-2, TRß1, and TSHR. RESULTS The presence of TRs and TSHR was found in the primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary, and Graafian follicles of virgin rabbits, as well as in the corpora lutea, corpora albicans, and wall of hemorrhagic cysts of pregnant rabbits. Oviductal regions (fimbria-infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and utero-tubal junction), uterus (endometrium and myometrium), and vagina (abdominal, pelvic, and perineal portions) of virgin rabbits showed anti-TRs and anti-TSHR immunoreactivity. Additionally, the distal urethra, paravaginal ganglia, levator ani and iliococcygeus muscles, dorsal nerve and body of the clitoris, perigenital skin, and prostate had TRs and TSHR. CONCLUSIONS The wide presence of TRs and TSHR in female reproductive organs suggests varied effects of thyroid hormones and thyrotropin in reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maribel Méndez-Tepepa
- c Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Margarita Martínez-Gómez
- d Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México-DF , México
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Francisco Castelán
- d Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , México-DF , México
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
| | - Estela Cuevas-Romero
- e Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta , Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala , Tlaxcala , México
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafik Elmehdawi
- Department of medicine, faculty of medicine, University of Garyounis, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Ebtehal Lashika
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Al Marej Hospital, Libya
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Nassie DI, Ashwal E, Raban O, Ben-Haroush A, Wiznitzer A, Yogev Y, Aviram A. Is there an association between subclinical hypothyroidism and preterm uterine contractions? A prospective observational study . J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:881-885. [PMID: 27188384 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1191065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between subclinical hypothyroidism and preterm contractions. METHODS Prospective observational study among women at 23 + 0/7 and 34 + 6/7 weeks of gestation, with no known thyroid function abnormality, and preterm uterine contractions (PTC). All patients underwent laboratory evaluation of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and Free Thyroxin (FT4). Patients with and without PTC were compared. RESULTS No association was found between PTC and subclinical hypothyroidism. Rate of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD) was comparable between women with abnormal and normal thyroid function tests. Excluding indicated PTD, patients in the study group had a higher rate of spontaneous PTD (24.7% versus 9.6%, p = 0.03). Patients with past PTD and preterm contractions had higher rates of hypothyroxinemia compared with patients without past PTD (54.6% versus 19.0% and 31.2%, p = 0.001), and patients with past PTD (regardless of the presence or absence of PTC) had higher rate of subclinical hypothyroidism compared with patients with PTC and without PTD (59.1% and 66.7% versus 31.6%, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS No association was found between PTC and subclinical hypothyroidism in the entire cohort, except for patients with preterm contractions and a history of past PTD. This specific group of patients might benefit from thyroid function evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Nassie
- a Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center Tel-Aviv University , Petah-Tikva , Israel and
| | - Eran Ashwal
- b Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Lis Maternity Hospital, the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Oded Raban
- a Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center Tel-Aviv University , Petah-Tikva , Israel and
| | - Avi Ben-Haroush
- a Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center Tel-Aviv University , Petah-Tikva , Israel and
| | - Arnon Wiznitzer
- a Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center Tel-Aviv University , Petah-Tikva , Israel and
| | - Yariv Yogev
- b Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Lis Maternity Hospital, the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Amir Aviram
- b Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Lis Maternity Hospital, the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
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Vissenberg R, Vrijkotte TGM, van der Post JAM, Fliers E, Goddijn M, Bisschop PH. Abnormal thyroid function parameters in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with breech presentation at term: a nested cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 199:169-74. [PMID: 26930045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroid dysfunction has been described as a possible risk factor for having an abnormal fetal position at birth. In this study we aim to determine the association between thyroid function in early pregnancy and breech presentation at term. STUDY DESIGN We used data from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort. 3347 pregnant women were included between January 2003 and March 2004 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Thyroid function tests were performed between 5 and 37 weeks gestational age (median 12.9 weeks). The main outcome measure was the association between thyroid function in early pregnancy and breech presentation at term. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine the association between thyroid function and breech presentation. RESULTS Increased TSH in pregnancy, defined as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) >97.5th percentile (>3.53mIU/L), was associated with a higher risk for breech presentation at term (aOR 2.32, CI 1.1-4.8, p=0.02) compared to euthyroidism (TSH between 2.5th and 97.5th percentile). After exclusion of overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism the aOR was 2.34 (CI 1.1-5.0, p=0.03). Trimester specific analysis showed a significant association of increased TSH levels (>3.68mIU/L) in the second trimester with breech presentation (aOR 3.7, CI 1.7-7.8, p=0.001). In the second trimester low free thyroxine (FT4) <2.5th percentile (<6.7pmol/L) was also associated with breech presentation (aOR 2.5, CI 1.0-6.3, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Increased TSH and decreased FT4 in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with an increased risk for breech presentation at term. The association of abnormal thyroid parameters in the first of third trimester is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Vissenberg
- Academic Medical Centre, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Academic Medical Centre, Department of Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A M van der Post
- Academic Medical Centre, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Academic Medical Centre, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariette Goddijn
- Academic Medical Centre, Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Academic Medical Centre, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Corriveau S, Blouin S, Raiche É, Nolin MA, Rousseau É, Pasquier JC. Levothyroxine treatment generates an abnormal uterine contractility patterns in an in vitro animal model. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2015; 2:144-149. [PMID: 29159119 PMCID: PMC5685043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Abnormal uterine contraction patterns were recently demonstrated in uterine strips from pregnant women treated with Levothyroxine (T4). These abnormalities were correlated with an increased risk of C-section delivery and associated surgical complications. To date, no study has investigated whether uterine contractility is modified by hypothyroidism or T4 treatment. Herein, we analyze the physiological role of T4 on uterine contractions. Study design Female non-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 22) were used and divided into four groups: 1) control, 2) hypothyroidism, 3) hypothyroidism treated with low T4 doses (20 μg/kg/day) and 4) with high T4 doses (100 μg/kg/day). Hypothyroidism was induced by an iodine-deficient diet. Isometric tension measurements were performed in vitro on myometrium tissues in isolated organ baths. Contractile activity parameters were quantified (amplitude, duration, frequency and area under the curve) using pharmacological tools to assess their effect. Results Screening of thyroid function confirmed a hypothyroid state for all rats under iodine-free diet to which T4 was subsequently administered to counterbalance hypothyroidism. Results demonstrate that hypothyroidism significantly decreased contractile duration (-17%) and increased contractile frequency (+26%), while high doses of T4 increased duration (+200%) and decreased frequency (-51%). These results thus mimic the pattern of abnormal contractions previously observed in uterine tissue from T4-treated hypothyroid pregnant women. Conclusion Our data suggest that changes in myometrial reactivity are induced by T4 treatment. Thus, in conjunction with our previous observations on human myometrial strips, management of hypothyroidism should be improved to reduce the rate of C-sections in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Corriveau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Blouin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Évelyne Raiche
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine Nolin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Rousseau
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Charles Pasquier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Corresponding author. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, J1H 5N4 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada. Tel.: +1 819 346 1110x12728.
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Kuppens SMI, Kooistra L, Wijnen HA, Crawford S, Vader HL, Hasaart THM, Oei SG, Pop VJ. Maternal thyroid function during gestation is related to breech presentation at term. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72:820-4. [PMID: 19832853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between suboptimal maternal thyroid function during gestation and breech presentation at term. DESIGN Prospective follow-up study during three trimesters of gestation. PATIENTS A total of 1058 Dutch Caucasian healthy pregnant women were prospectively followed from 12 weeks gestation until term (>or=37 weeks) delivery. MEASUREMENTS Maternal thyroid parameters [TSH, free T4 (FT4) and auto-antibodies to thyroid peroxidase] were assessed at 12, 24 and 36 weeks gestation as well as foetal presentation at term. RESULTS At term, 58 women (5.5%) presented in breech. Compared with women with foetuses in the cephalic position, those women who presented in breech at term had significantly higher TSH concentrations, but only at 36 weeks gestation (P = 0.007). No between group differences were obtained for FT4 level at any assessment. The prevalence of breech presentation in the subgroup of women with TSH >or= 2.5 mIU/l (90th percentile) at 36 weeks gestation was 11%, compared with 4.8% in the women with TSH < 2.50 mIU/l (P = 0.006). Women with TSH below the 5th percentile had no breech presentations. Breech position was significantly and independently related to high maternal TSH concentration (>or=2.5 mIU/l) at 36 weeks gestation (O.R.: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.14-4.39), but not at 12 and 24 weeks gestation. CONCLUSIONS Women with TSH levels above 2.5 mIU/l during end gestation are at risk for breech presentation, and as such for obstetric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M I Kuppens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven
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Wijnen HA, Kooistra L, Vader HL, Essed GG, Mol BW, Pop VJ. Maternal thyroid hormone concentration during late gestation is associated with foetal position at birth. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 71:746-51. [PMID: 19320651 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03574.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether there is an association between maternal thyroid hormone and foetal cephalic head position at term gestation. CONTEXT Rotation and flexion of the head enables the foetus to negotiate the birth canal. Low-normal range thyroid hormone concentrations in euthyroid pregnant women constitute a risk of infant motor abnormality. We hypothesized that low normal maternal thyroid hormone levels are associated with increased risk of abnormal foetal position at delivery. DESIGN In 960 healthy Dutch women with term gestation and cephalic foetal presentation, thyroid parameters [foetal T4 (FT4), TSH and thyroid peroxidase antibody] were assessed at 36 weeks of gestation, and related to foetal head position (anterior cephalic vs. abnormal cephalic) and delivery mode (spontaneous vs. assisted delivery). RESULTS Women presenting in anterior position (n = 891) had significantly higher FT4 levels at 36 weeks of gestation than those with abnormal cephalic presentation (n = 69). There were no between-group differences for TSH. Regression analyses indicated that the risk of abnormal head position decreased as a function of increasing FT4 [single odds ratio (OR) = 0.87, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.77-0.98; multivariate OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.72-0.99)]. A similar inverse relationship between maternal FT4 and risk of assisted delivery was obtained (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.79-0.95; OR = 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.98). CONCLUSION The lower the maternal FT4 concentration at 36 weeks of gestation, the higher the risk of abnormal cephalic foetal presentation and assisted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hennie A Wijnen
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Wang C, Hu L, Wang D, Cui T. Enlightenment from the occurrence of prolonged pregnancy caused by hypothyroid. Med Hypotheses 2008; 71:468. [PMID: 18462889 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2008.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2008] [Revised: 03/23/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Öner J, Öner H. Immunodetection of thyroid hormone receptor (alpha1/alpha2) in the rat uterus and oviduct. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2007; 40:77-81. [PMID: 17653299 PMCID: PMC1931486 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.06026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2006] [Accepted: 04/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunolocalization and the existence of thyroid hormone receptors (THR) (alpha1/alpha2) in rat uterus and oviduct. For this purpose 6 female Wistar albino rats found in estrous period were used. Tissue samples fixed in 10% neutral formalin were examined immunohistochemically. Sections were incubated with primary mouse-monoclonal THR (alpha1/alpha2) antibody. In uterus, THR (alpha1/alpha2) immunoreacted strongly with uterine luminal epithelium, endometrial gland epithelium and endometrial stromal cells and, moderately with myometrial smooth muscle. In oviduct, they were observed moderately in the epithelium of the tube and the smooth muscle cells of the muscular layer. In conclusion, the presence of THR in uterus and oviduct suggests that these organs are an active site of thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jale Öner
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15100 Burdur, Turkey
| | - Hakan Öner
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15100 Burdur, Turkey
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Elmehdawi RR, Lashika EI. Prolonged pregnancy: A possible complication of hypothyroidism due to myometriopathy. Med Hypotheses 2007; 70:209-10. [PMID: 17597305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wegener JW, Lee M, Hofmann F. Hypothyroidism does not affect the dihydropyridine sensitivity of precontracted murine uterus. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2003; 81:890-3. [PMID: 14614526 DOI: 10.1139/y03-090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are known to influence various processes of cell differentiation. Recently, it was reported that hypothyroidism reduces the sensitivity to Ca2+-channel antagonists in the rat uterus. We examined the sensitivity to dihydropyridines of the uterus from mice that had reduced thyroid hormone levels. Isradipine relaxed with the same potency precontracted uterine muscle strips from control and hypothyroid mice, independently from a pseudo-pregnant state. These results demonstrate that hypothyroidism does not change dihydropyridine sensitivity (i.e., the pattern of Ca2+-channel expression) in the murine uterus.Key words: uterus, smooth muscle, Ca2+channel, isradipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg W Wegener
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Technische Universität München, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80202 Munich, Germany.
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Sala-Roca J, Martí-Carbonell MA, Garau A, Darbra S, Balada F. Effects of dysthyroidism in plus maze and social interaction tests. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 72:643-50. [PMID: 12175461 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(02)00718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of thyroid hormones on the anxiety of male Wistar rats. Dysthyroidism was induced by adding 20 mg of methimazole (100 ml) to their drinking water or by adding 0.3 mg of L-thyroxine (100 ml) to their drinking water from the ninth day of gestation. After weaning, the drugs were administered to young rats until the end of the experiment. Anxious behavior was measured using the elevated plus maze and social interaction tests when the animals were 85 days old. Chronic methimazole administration produced a significant anxiolytic pattern in both tests. In the plus maze test, the methimazole-treated animals entered and remained more time in the open arms than the control animals. In the social interaction test, they spent more time in bodily contact, and did this more frequently than those in the control group did. Results from this experiment suggest that chronic thyroid deficiency produces an anxiolytic-like effect in both tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Sala-Roca
- Department of Systematic and Social Pedagogy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
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