1
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Stanford SM, Nguyen TP, Chang J, Zhao Z, Hackman GL, Santelli E, Sanders CM, Katiki M, Dondossola E, Brauer BL, Diaz MA, Zhan Y, Ramsey SH, Watson PA, Sankaran B, Paindelli C, Parietti V, Mikos AG, Lodi A, Bagrodia A, Elliott A, McKay RR, Murali R, Tiziani S, Kettenbach AN, Bottini N. Targeting prostate tumor low-molecular weight tyrosine phosphatase for oxidation-sensitizing therapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadg7887. [PMID: 38295166 PMCID: PMC10830117 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play major roles in cancer and are emerging as therapeutic targets. Recent reports suggest low-molecular weight PTP (LMPTP)-encoded by the ACP1 gene-is overexpressed in prostate tumors. We found ACP1 up-regulated in human prostate tumors and ACP1 expression inversely correlated with overall survival. Using CRISPR-Cas9-generated LMPTP knockout C4-2B and MyC-CaP cells, we identified LMPTP as a critical promoter of prostate cancer (PCa) growth and bone metastasis. Through metabolomics, we found that LMPTP promotes PCa cell glutathione synthesis by dephosphorylating glutathione synthetase on inhibitory Tyr270. PCa cells lacking LMPTP showed reduced glutathione, enhanced activation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2-mediated stress response, and enhanced reactive oxygen species after exposure to taxane drugs. LMPTP inhibition slowed primary and bone metastatic prostate tumor growth in mice. These findings reveal a role for LMPTP as a critical promoter of PCa growth and metastasis and validate LMPTP inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for treating PCa through sensitization to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiffany P. Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Chang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G. Lavender Hackman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Eugenio Santelli
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Colton M. Sanders
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Eleonora Dondossola
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brooke L. Brauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Michael A. Diaz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Sterling H. Ramsey
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Philip A. Watson
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Banumathi Sankaran
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Claudia Paindelli
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa Parietti
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Alessia Lodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Aditya Bagrodia
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Elliott
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rana R. McKay
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ramachandran Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USA
| | - Arminja N. Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Kao Autoimmunity Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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2
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He R, Wang J, Yu ZH, Moyers JS, Michael MD, Durham TB, Cramer JW, Qian Y, Lin A, Wu L, Noinaj N, Barrett DG, Zhang ZY. Structure-Based Design of Active-Site-Directed, Highly Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Low-Molecular-Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13892-13909. [PMID: 36197449 PMCID: PMC10128051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases constitute an important class of drug targets whose potential has been limited by the paucity of drug-like small-molecule inhibitors. We recently described a class of active-site-directed, moderately selective, and potent inhibitors of the low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP). Here, we report our extensive structure-based design and optimization effort that afforded inhibitors with vastly improved potency and specificity. The leading compound inhibits LMW-PTP potently and selectively (Ki = 1.2 nM, >8000-fold selectivity). Many compounds exhibit favorable drug-like properties, such as low molecular weight, weak cytochrome P450 inhibition, high metabolic stability, moderate to high cell permeability (Papp > 0.2 nm/s), and moderate to good oral bioavailability (% F from 23 to 50% in mice), and therefore can be used as in vivo chemical probes to further dissect the complex biological as well as pathophysiological roles of LMW-PTP and for the development of therapeutics targeting LMW-PTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun He
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Jifeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Zhi-Hong Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Julie S Moyers
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - M Dodson Michael
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Timothy B Durham
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Jeff W Cramer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Yuewei Qian
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Amy Lin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Nicholas Noinaj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 240 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David G Barrett
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, 307 E Merrill Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46225, United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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3
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Stanford SM, Diaz MA, Ardecky RJ, Zou J, Roosild T, Holmes ZJ, Nguyen TP, Hedrick MP, Rodiles S, Guan A, Grotegut S, Santelli E, Chung TDY, Jackson MR, Bottini N, Pinkerton AB. Discovery of Orally Bioavailable Purine-Based Inhibitors of the Low-Molecular-Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase. J Med Chem 2021; 64:5645-5653. [PMID: 33914534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated insulin resistance plays a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. A promising approach to decrease insulin resistance in obesity is to inhibit the protein tyrosine phosphatases that negatively regulate insulin receptor signaling. The low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP) acts as a critical promoter of insulin resistance in obesity by inhibiting phosphorylation of the liver insulin receptor activation motif. Here, we report development of a novel purine-based chemical series of LMPTP inhibitors. These compounds inhibit LMPTP with an uncompetitive mechanism and are highly selective for LMPTP over other protein tyrosine phosphatases. We also report the generation of a highly orally bioavailable purine-based analogue that reverses obesity-induced diabetes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Stanford
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael A Diaz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Robert J Ardecky
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jiwen Zou
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tarmo Roosild
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zachary J Holmes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tiffany P Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael P Hedrick
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Socorro Rodiles
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - April Guan
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Stefan Grotegut
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Eugenio Santelli
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Thomas D Y Chung
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael R Jackson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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4
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Abstract
More than any other organ, the heart is particularly sensitive to gene expression deregulation, often leading in the long run to impaired contractile performances and excessive fibrosis deposition progressing to heart failure. Recent investigations provide evidences that the protein phosphatases (PPs), as their counterpart protein kinases, are important regulators of cardiac physiology and development. Two main groups, the protein serine/threonine phosphatases and the protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), constitute the PPs family. Here, we provide an overview of the role of PTP subfamily in the development of the heart and in cardiac pathophysiology. Based on recent in silico studies, we highlight the importance of PTPs as therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs to restore PTPs signaling in the early and late events of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallou Wade
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim Belhaj
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Coralie Poizat
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, PO Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia. .,Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
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5
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Wade F, Quijada P, Al-Haffar KMA, Awad SM, Kunhi M, Toko H, Marashly Q, Belhaj K, Zahid I, Al-Mohanna F, Stanford SM, Alvarez R, Liu Y, Colak D, Jordan MC, Roos KP, Assiri A, Al-Habeeb W, Sussman M, Bottini N, Poizat C. Deletion of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (Acp1) protects against stress-induced cardiomyopathy. J Pathol 2015. [PMID: 26213100 PMCID: PMC5049627 DOI: 10.1002/path.4594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP), encoded by the ACP1 gene, is a ubiquitously expressed phosphatase whose in vivo function in the heart and in cardiac diseases remains unknown. To investigate the in vivo role of LMPTP in cardiac function, we generated mice with genetic inactivation of the Acp1 locus and studied their response to long‐term pressure overload. Acp1−/− mice develop normally and ageing mice do not show pathology in major tissues under basal conditions. However, Acp1−/− mice are strikingly resistant to pressure overload hypertrophy and heart failure. Lmptp expression is high in the embryonic mouse heart, decreased in the postnatal stage, and increased in the adult mouse failing heart. We also show that LMPTP expression increases in end‐stage heart failure in humans. Consistent with their protected phenotype, Acp1−/− mice subjected to pressure overload hypertrophy have attenuated fibrosis and decreased expression of fibrotic genes. Transcriptional profiling and analysis of molecular signalling show that the resistance of Acp1−/− mice to pathological cardiac stress correlates with marginal re‐expression of fetal cardiac genes, increased insulin receptor beta phosphorylation, as well as PKA and ephrin receptor expression, and inactivation of the CaMKIIδ pathway. Our data show that ablation of Lmptp inhibits pathological cardiac remodelling and suggest that inhibition of LMPTP may be of therapeutic relevance for the treatment of human heart failure. © 2015 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallou Wade
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pearl Quijada
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Salma Mahmoud Awad
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Kunhi
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haruhiro Toko
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qussay Marashly
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim Belhaj
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa Zahid
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Al-Mohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephanie M Stanford
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yingge Liu
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Biostatistics and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria C Jordan
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth P Roos
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mark Sussman
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, USA.,USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Coralie Poizat
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
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6
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Li Z, Wang Z, Peng G, Yin Y, Zhao H, Cao Y, Xia Y. Purification and Characterization of a Novel Thermostable Extracellular Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase fromMetarhizium anisopliaeStrain CQMa102. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 70:1961-8. [PMID: 16926509 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An extracellular phosphatase was purified to homogeneity from the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae with a 41.0% yield. The molecular mass and isoelectric point of the purified enzyme were about 82.5 kDa and 9.5 respectively. The optimum pH and temperature were about 5.5 and 75 degrees C when using O-phospho-L-tyrosine as substrate. The protein displayed high stability in a pH range 3.0-9.5 at 30 degrees C and was remarkably thermostable at 70 degrees C. The purified enzyme showed high activity on O-phospho-L-tyrosine and protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate monophosphate (a specific substrate of protein tyrosine phosphatase). Although one peptide of the phosphatase shared identity with one alkaline phosphatase of Neurospora crassa, its substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity indicate that the enzyme is a protein tyrosine phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlun Li
- Genetic Engineering Research Center, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, R. P. China
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7
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Fortpied J, Gemayel R, Vertommen D, Van Schaftingen E. Identification of protein-ribulosamine-5-phosphatase as human low-molecular-mass protein tyrosine phosphatase-A. Biochem J 2007; 406:139-45. [PMID: 17472574 PMCID: PMC1948995 DOI: 10.1042/bj20061485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ribulosamines, which are substrates for the deglycating enzyme fructosamine-3-kinase-related protein, are presumably formed intracellularly through glycation of proteins with ribose 5-phosphate followed by dephosphorylation of resulting RN5Ps (ribulosamine 5-phosphates) by a putative RN5Pase (ribulosamine-5-phosphatase). Ribose 5-phosphate is known to be a potent glycating agent and we show in the present study that it reacts approximately 10 and 80-fold more rapidly with protein than ribose and glucose respectively. We also show that tissue extracts and, most particularly, erythrocyte extracts contain a protein-RN5Pase. We have purified this enzyme from human erythrocytes to near homogeneity and shown it to correspond to LMWPTP-A [low-molecular-mass ('weight') protein tyrosine phosphatase-A]. Human recombinant LMWPTP-A displayed an RN5Pase activity that was higher than its tyrosine phosphatase activity, indicating that this phosphatase may participate in protein deglycation, a new form of protein repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Fortpied
- Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rita Gemayel
- Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Didier Vertommen
- Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emile Van Schaftingen
- Christian de Duve Institute of Cellular Pathology (ICP), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
- To whom correspondence should be addressed, at Laboratory of Physiological Chemistry, UCL and ICP, Avenue Hippocrate 75, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium (email )
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8
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Pandey SK, Yu XX, Watts LM, Michael MD, Sloop KW, Rivard AR, Leedom TA, Manchem VP, Samadzadeh L, McKay RA, Monia BP, Bhanot S. Reduction of low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase expression improves hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity in obese mice. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:14291-9. [PMID: 17353188 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m609626200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the role of low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) in glucose metabolism and insulin action, a specific antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was used to reduce its expression both in vitro and in vivo. Reduction of LMW-PTP expression with the ASO in cultured mouse hepatocytes and in liver and fat tissues of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and ob/ob mice led to increased phosphorylation and activity of key insulin signaling intermediates, including insulin receptor-beta subunit, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and Akt in response to insulin stimulation. The ASO-treated DIO and ob/ob animals showed improved insulin sensitivity, which was reflected by a lowering of both plasma insulin and glucose levels and improved glucose and insulin tolerance in DIO mice. The treatment did not decrease body weight or increase metabolic rate. These data demonstrate that LMW-PTP is a key negative regulator of insulin action and a potential novel target for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K Pandey
- Metabolic Disease Program, Antisense Drug Discovery, Isis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA.
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9
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Malentacchi F, Marzocchini R, Gelmini S, Orlando C, Serio M, Ramponi G, Raugei G. Up-regulated expression of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases in different human cancers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 334:875-83. [PMID: 16036221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.06.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation, mediated by the balanced action of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, contributes to the regulation of the growth, migration, and invasion of normal and malignant cells. Among tyrosine phosphatases, low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatases (LMW-PTP) have been recognized as a possible "positive factor" in tumour onset and progression. The aim of this work was to assess whether LMW-PTP are differentially expressed in normal and malignant tissues. Using real-time PCR analysis we evaluated the expression levels of total LMW-PTP mRNA in surgical samples of breast, colon and lung cancers (63, 60, and 58, respectively), and in their paired adjacent not affected tissues. Moreover, the same analysis was carried out on a group of neuroblastomas (25 cases). Significant correlations between LMW-PTP overexpression and the most common clinical-pathological features of cancers exist. In colon cancer and neuroblastoma increased total LMW-PTP mRNA expression correlates with unfavourable outcome. While LMW-PTP mRNA expression increases in tumour samples, the relative contribution of the different isoforms does not change. Our findings indicate that LMW-PTP can be considered an oncogene as it is overexpressed in different tumour types and suggests that LMW-PTP enhanced expression is generally prognostic for a more aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Malentacchi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences of the University of Florence, viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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10
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Magherini F, Gamberi T, Paoli P, Marchetta M, Biagini M, Raugei G, Camici G, Ramponi G, Modesti A. The in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation level of yeast immunophilin Fpr3 is influenced by the LMW-PTP Ltp1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 321:424-31. [PMID: 15358193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.06.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tyr-phosphorylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential in controlling the activity of MAP kinase regulating mating, pseudohyphal growth, and cell wall biosynthesis. Yeast serves as a model system for studying the biological function of many protein kinases and PTPs. Two LMW-PTP from yeast have been cloned, namely, Ltp1 from S. cerevisiae and Stp1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The sequences of both enzymes are relatively similar to those of the mammalian LMW-PTP. Recently we showed that the yeast immunophilin Fpr3 interacts with Stp1 and its dephosphorylated state induces a growth defective phenotype. Here we show the phosphatase activity of Ltp1 on Fpr3 and we demonstrated that Tyr 184 is the residue phosphorylated on in vivo Fpr3. We also described the marked activation of Ltp1 by adenine in S. cerevisiae proteome and determined in vivo the influence of tyrosine phosphorylation on Fpr3 localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magherini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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11
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Bottini N, Saccucci P, Piciullo A, Iannetti P, Lucarini N, Lucarelli P, Gloria-Bottini F, Curatolo P. Convulsive disorder and the genetics of signal transduction; a study of a low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase in a pediatric sample. Neurosci Lett 2002; 333:159-62. [PMID: 12429372 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies point to an involvement of kinases and phosphatases in ionic channel regulation and in physiopathologic mechanisms leading to convulsive disorders. Acid phosphatase locus 1 (ACP1), also named cytosolic low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase, is a highly polymorphic phosphatase that is especially abundant in the central nervous system and is known to be involved in several signal transduction pathways. We studied ACP1 in 122 children with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures, 80 children with febrile convulsions, and 417 controls from the population of Rome. Low activity phenotypes of ACP1 (*A/*A and *A/*B) were found to be over-represented while high activity phenotypes (*C/*C and *B/*C) were under-represented in generalized seizures cases compared to controls (P < 0.005). No significant difference was observed between febrile convulsion cases and controls. These observations suggest a protective role of the high activity ACP1 phenotypes against seizures in children.
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Bottini N, MacMurray J, Rostamkani M, McGue M, Iacono WG, Comings DE. Association between the low molecular weight cytosolic acid phosphatase gene ACP1*A and comorbid features of Tourette syndrome. Neurosci Lett 2002; 330:198-200. [PMID: 12231445 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases have been implicated in the regulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic activity in the central nervous system. In a recent study we found that nonA/nonA homozygosity at the locus codifying for the low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (ACP1) was associated with increased rates of major depression in males (P<0.00003), suggesting that the ACP1*A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) may be an important marker for psychopathology. In the present study we examined the ACP1*A SNP in 539 screened controls and 184 male Tourette syndrome (TS) cases, all Caucasians of European descent. The frequency of the nonA allele was markedly increased in TS cases relative to controls (P<0.0005), but this difference was restricted to cases with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (P<0.0001) and conduct disorder (P<0.0002), while having little relevance to TS itself.
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Park EK, Warner N, Mood K, Pawson T, Daar IO. Low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase is a positive component of the fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2002; 22:3404-14. [PMID: 11971972 PMCID: PMC133800 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.10.3404-3414.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) has been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and actin rearrangement mediated by several receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor. Here we identify the Xenopus laevis homolog of LMW-PTP1 (XLPTP1) as an additional positive regulator in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway during Xenopus development. XLPTP1 has an expression pattern that displays substantial overlap with FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) during Xenopus development. Using morpholino antisense technology, we show that inhibition of endogenous XLPTP1 expression dramatically restricts anterior and posterior structure development and inhibits mesoderm formation. In ectodermal explants, loss of XLPTP1 expression dramatically blocks the induction of the early mesoderm gene, Xbrachyury (Xbra), by FGF and partially blocks Xbra induction by Activin. Moreover, FGF-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is also inhibited by XLPTP1 morpholino antisense oligonucleotides; however, introduction of RNA encoding XLPTP1 is able to rescue morphological and biochemical effects of antisense inhibition. Inhibition of FGF-induced MAP kinase activity due to loss of XLPTP1 is also rescued by an active Ras, implying that XLPTP1 may act upstream of or parallel to Ras. Finally, XLPTP1 physically associates only with an activated FGFR1, and this interaction requires the presence of SNT1/FRS-2 (FGFR substrate 2). Although LMW-PTP1 has been shown to participate in other receptor systems, the data presented here also reveal XLPTP1 as a new and important component of the FGF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Kyun Park
- Regulation of Cell Growth Laboratory, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
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Fiaschi T, Chiarugi P, Buricchi F, Giannoni E, Taddei ML, Talini D, Cozzi G, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Raugei G, Ramponi G. Low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase is involved in growth inhibition during cell differentiation. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:49156-63. [PMID: 11595742 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m107538200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Low molecular weight protein-tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) is an enzyme involved in mitogenic signaling and cytoskeletal rearrangement after platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation. Recently, we demonstrated that LMW-PTP is regulated by a redox mechanism involving the two cysteine residues of the catalytic site, which turn reversibly from reduced to oxidized state after PDGF stimulation. Since recent findings showed a decrease of intracellular reactive oxygen species in contact inhibited cells and a lower tyrosine phosphorylation level in dense cultures in comparison to sparse ones, we studied if the level of endogenous LMW-PTP is regulated by growth inhibition conditions, such as cell confluence and differentiation. Results show that both cell confluence and cell differentiation up-regulate LMW-PTP expression in C2C12 and PC12 cells. We demonstrate that during myogenesis LMW-PTP is regulated at translational level and that the protein accumulates at the plasma membrane. Furthermore, we showed that both myogenesis and cell-cell contact lead to a dramatic decrease of tyrosine phosphorylation level of PDGF receptor. In addition, we observed an increased association of the receptor with LMW-PTP during myogenesis. Herein, we demonstrate that myogenesis decreases the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species, as observed in dense cultures. As a consequence, LMW-PTP turns from oxidized to reduced form during muscle differentiation, increasing its activity in growth inhibition conditions such as differentiation. These data suggest that LMW-PTP plays a crucial role in physiological processes, which require cell growth arrest such as confluence and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fiaschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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