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Establishment and application of a screening method for 354 organic toxicants in blood and urine with high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:493-507. [PMID: 36422665 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous screening of 354 organic poisons and metabolites in blood and urine, including drugs, medications, pesticides, rodenticides, veterinary drugs, alkaloids, and mycotoxins with a multi-toxicant chromatography-mass spectrometry information library. The method and library showed good prospects in clinical poisoning screening and forensic toxicological identification. Blood and urine samples were extracted successively with ethyl acetate in acidic and alkaline conditions; then, the extract was blown to nearly dry by nitrogen gas and redissolved with methanol-aqueous solution (v:v, 50:50), and the dissolved solution was analyzed by LC-MS/MS after filtering. Precursor ions' m/z was set for identification, retention time, fragment ions, and isotopic pattern which were used for confirmation. No interference peaks were found in the blank samples, showing good specificity. The LODs of toxicants in urine and blood were 1.00×10-3-50.0 ng/mL and 2.07×10-3-50.0 ng/mL, respectively, while the LOQs were 3.30×10-3-1.67×102 ng/mL and 6.91×10-3-1.67×102 ng/mL. The intra-day precision and inter-day precision of urine samples were 2.31-9.13% and 4.75-12.3%, respectively, which were 1.92-10.8% and 2.01-12.1% in blood samples. The established method was applied to analyze 9 cases of clinical poisoning patients, and bromadiolone, carbofuran, and amanitins were detected, respectively. A total of 382 biospecimens from drug abusers were analyzed with the proposed method, which indicated that some drugs were detected in 62 cases, mainly including methamphetamine, heroin, and MDMA. The results were consistent with the information from traditional liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.
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2
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Investigate the effect of Zn12O12, AlZn11O12, and GaZn11O12 nanoclusters in the carbamazepine drug detection in gas and solvent phases: a comparative DFT study. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-03025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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3
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Quantitative Methods for Metabolite Analysis in Metabolic Engineering. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Abdalkareem Jasim S, Alsultany FH, Mahmoud MZ, Olegovich Bokov D, Suksatan W. Investigations of chemical sensing properties of Al24N24, B24N24, and B24P24 nanoclusters toward carbamazepine: A DFT study. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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5
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Chamberlain R, Windolf H, Burckhardt BB, Breitkreutz J, Fischer B. Embedding a Sensitive Liquid-Core Waveguide UV Detector into an HPLC-UV System for Simultaneous Quantification of Differently Dosed Active Ingredients during Drug Release. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030639. [PMID: 35336013 PMCID: PMC8954145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual dosing of pharmaceutics and personalized medicine have become important with regard to therapeutic safety. Dose adjustments, biorelevant drug release and combination of multiple active substances in one dosage form for the reduction in polymedication are essential aspects that increase the safety and acceptance of the patient’s pharmacotherapy. Therefore, not only innovative drug products but also new analytical methods are needed during the drug development phase and for quality control that can simultaneously determine different active ingredients and cover wide concentration ranges. We investigated a liquid-core waveguide UV absorbance flow cell detector coupled to an existing HPLC-UV system. A Teflon AF 2400 capillary tubing of 20 cm length was connected in series to the HPLC flow line and enabled a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL pramipexole (increase in sensitivity by 20 compared to common 0.9 cm flow cells). This allowed the low-concentration of pramipexole and the higher concentrations of levodopa and benserazide occurring during drug release to be determined in a single chromatographic run within 22.5 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Chamberlain
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.C.); (H.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Hellen Windolf
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.C.); (H.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Bjoern B. Burckhardt
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacotherapy, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Jörg Breitkreutz
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.C.); (H.W.); (J.B.)
| | - Björn Fischer
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (R.C.); (H.W.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-81-10076
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6
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Enko D, Zelzer S, Herrmann M, Krause R, Meinitzer A. Implementation of a Dual-Column Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass-Spectrometry Method for the Quantification of Isavuconazole in Clinical Practice. J Lab Physicians 2021; 13:123-128. [PMID: 34483556 PMCID: PMC8409122 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of isavuconazole, which is a novel broad-spectrum antimycoticum against invasive fungal infections, ensures an effective exposure of the drug and minimizes the risk of toxicity. This study is aimed at evaluating the analytical performance of a dual-column liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for isavuconazole quantification.
Materials and Methods
The method was performed on a Voyager TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole instrument equipped with an Ultimate 3000 chromatography system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, California, United States). Analytical and preanalytical requirements of the isavuconazole LC-MS/MS method were evaluated. Sample stability measurements were performed at room temperature (RT) and in serum tubes with separator gel.
Results
The isavuconazole LC-MS/MS method was linear over the concentration range of 0.2 to 12.8 mg/L. The coefficient of determination (
r2
) always exceeded 0.999. Within- and between-run precision ranged between 1.4 to 2.9% and 1.5 to 3.0%, the recovery between 93.9 and 102.7%. At RT, serum samples were stable for 3 days. Isavuconazole serum concentrations were significantly lower after incubation (18 hours) in serum tubes with separator gel at RT.
Conclusion
The dual-column isavuconazole LC-MS/MS is a reliable tool for the TDM of isavuconazole. Serum samples are stable for at least 3 days and should be collected in tubes without separator gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Enko
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital Hochsteiermark, Leoben, Austria
| | - Sieglinde Zelzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Meinitzer
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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pH-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction method based on new switchable deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of three antiepileptic drugs from breast milk. Bioanalysis 2021; 13:1087-1099. [PMID: 34275330 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2021-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A pH-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction (HLLME) using a new switchable deep eutectic solvent has been used for the extraction of three antiepileptic drugs from breast milk samples. Methodology: This method is based on phase separation by changing pH. An ammonia solution and a phosphocholine chloride: hexanoic acid: p-aminophenol deep eutectic solvents were used as the phase separation agent and extraction solvent, respectively. Results: Significant factors were studied and the detection limits and enrichment factors were in the ranges of 0.009-0.19 ng ml-1 and 182-212 for the analytes, respectively. Also, linear ranges were wide (0.63-500 ng ml-1) and the method precision was acceptable. Conclusion: The introduced method was successfully applied for the determination of the analyte concentrations in breast milk samples.
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Goodlett CR, Stringer M, LaCombe J, Patel R, Wallace JM, Roper RJ. Evaluation of the therapeutic potential of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) via oral gavage in young adult Down syndrome mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10426. [PMID: 32591597 PMCID: PMC7319987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a candidate therapeutic for Down syndrome (DS) phenotypes based on in vitro inhibition of DYRK1A, a triplicated gene product of Trisomy 21 (Ts21). Consumption of green tea extracts containing EGCG improved some cognitive and behavioral outcomes in DS mouse models and in humans with Ts21. In contrast, treatment with pure EGCG in DS mouse models did not improve neurobehavioral phenotypes. This study tested the hypothesis that 200 mg/kg/day of pure EGCG, given via oral gavage, would improve neurobehavioral and skeletal phenotypes in the Ts65Dn DS mouse model. Serum EGCG levels post-gavage were significantly higher in trisomic mice than in euploid mice. Daily EGCG gavage treatments over three weeks resulted in growth deficits in both euploid and trisomic mice. Compared to vehicle treatment, EGCG did not significantly improve behavioral performance of Ts65Dn mice in the multivariate concentric square field, balance beam, or Morris water maze tasks, but reduced swimming speed. Furthermore, EGCG resulted in reduced cortical bone structure and strength in Ts65Dn mice. These outcomes failed to support the therapeutic potential of EGCG, and the deleterious effects on growth and skeletal phenotypes underscore the need for caution in high-dose EGCG supplements as an intervention in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Goodlett
- IUPUI Department of Psychology, 402 North Blackford Street, LD 124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA
| | - Megan Stringer
- IUPUI Department of Psychology, 402 North Blackford Street, LD 124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA
| | - Jonathan LaCombe
- IUPUI Department of Biology, 723 West Michigan Street; SL 306, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA
| | - Roshni Patel
- IUPUI Department of Biology, 723 West Michigan Street; SL 306, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA
| | - Joseph M Wallace
- IUPUI Department of Biomedical Engineering, 723 West Michigan Street; SL 220B, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA
| | - Randall J Roper
- IUPUI Department of Biology, 723 West Michigan Street; SL 306, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-3275, USA.
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Measuring Sulforaphane and Its Metabolites in Human Plasma: A High Throughput Method. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040829. [PMID: 32070059 PMCID: PMC7070302 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: There is increasing understanding of the potential health benefits of cruciferous vegetables. In particular sulforaphane (SFN), found in broccoli, and its metabolites sulforaphane-glutathione (SFN-GSH), sulforaphane-cysteine (SFN-Cys), sulforaphane cysteine-glycine (SFN-CG) and sulforaphane-N-acetyl-cysteine (SFN-NAC) have potent antioxidant effects that may offer therapeutic value. Clinical investigation of sulforaphane as a therapeutic antioxidant requires a sensitive and high throughput process for quantification of sulforaphane and metabolites; (2) Methods: We collected plasma samples from healthy human volunteers before and for eight hours after consumption of a commercial broccoli extract supplement rich in sulforaphane. A rapid and sensitive method for quantification of sulforaphane and its metabolites in human plasma using Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) has been developed; (3) Results: The LC–MS analytical method was validated at concentrations ranging between 3.9 nM and 1000 nM for SFN-GSH, SFN-CG, SFN-Cys and SFN-NAC and between 7.8 nM and 1000 nM in human plasma for SFN. The method displayed good accuracy (1.85%–14.8% bias) and reproducibility (below 9.53 %RSD) including low concentrations 3.9 nM and 7.8 nM. Four SFN metabolites quantitation was achieved using external standard calibration and in SFN quantitation, SFN-d8 internal standardization was used. The reported method can accurately quantify sulforaphane and its metabolites at low concentrations in plasma; (4) Conclusions: We have established a time- and cost-efficient method of measuring sulforaphane and its metabolites in human plasma suitable for high throughput application to clinical trials.
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Rakibe U, Tiwari R, Mahajan A, Rane V, Wakte P. LC and LC-MS/MS studies for the identification and characterization of degradation products of acebutolol. J Pharm Anal 2019; 8:357-365. [PMID: 30595941 PMCID: PMC6308026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate an approach involving use of liquid chromatography (LC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to separate, identify and characterize very small quantities of degradation products (DPs) of acebutolol without their isolation from the reaction mixtures. The drug was subjected to oxidative, hydrolytic, thermal and photolytic stress conditions as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guideline Q1A(R2). Among all the stress conditions the drug was found to be labile in hydrolytic (acidic & basic) and photolytic stress conditions, while it was stable in water-induced hydrolysis, oxidative and thermal stress conditions. A total of four degradation products were formed. A C18 column was employed for the separation of all the DPs on a gradient mode by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All the DPs were characterized with the help of their fragmentation pattern and the masses obtained upon LC-MS/MS and MSn analysis. All the hitherto unknown degradation products were identified as 1-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-5-(amino)phenyl)ethanone (DP-I), N-(4-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-3-acetylphenyl)acrylamide (DP-II), 1-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-5-(hydroxymethylamino)phenyl)ethanone (DP-III) and 1-(6-(2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propoxy)-2,3-dihydro-2-propylbenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)ethanone (DP-IV). Finally the in-silico carcinogenicity and hepatotoxicity predictions of the drug and all the DPs were performed by using toxicity prediction softwares viz., TOPKAT, LAZAR and Discovery Studio ADMET. The results of in-silico toxicity studies revealed that acebutolol (0.967) and DP-I (0.986) were found to be carcinogenic, while acebutolol (0.490) and DP-IV (0.437) were found to be hepatotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Rakibe
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ravi Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Goa College of Pharmacy, Panjim, Goa, India
| | - Vipul Rane
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pravin Wakte
- Department of Chemical Technology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Wang Z, Bagde SR, Zavala G, Matsui T, Chen X, Kim CY. De Novo Design and Implementation of a Tandem Acyl Carrier Protein Domain in a Type I Modular Polyketide Synthase. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:3072-3077. [PMID: 30354045 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis, the growing acyl chain is attached to the acyl carrier protein via a thioester linkage. The acyl carrier protein interacts with other enzymes that perform chain elongation and chain modification on the bound acyl chain. Most type I polyketide synthases and fatty acid synthases contain only one acyl carrier protein. However, polyunsaturated fatty acid synthases from deep-sea bacteria contain anywhere from two to nine acyl carrier proteins. Recent studies have shown that this tandem acyl carrier protein feature is responsible for the unusually high fatty acid production rate of deep-sea bacteria. To investigate if a similar strategy can be used to increase the production rate of type I polyketide synthases, a 3×ACP domain was rationally designed and genetically installed in module 6 of 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase, which is a prototypical type I modular polyketide synthase that naturally harbors just one acyl carrier protein. This modification resulted in an ∼2.5-fold increase in the total amount of polyketide produced in vitro, demonstrating that installing a tandem acyl carrier domain in a type I polyketide synthase is an effective strategy for enhancing the rate of polyketide natural product biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 117543 Singapore
- NUS Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Centre for Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Saket R. Bagde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Gerardo Zavala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Tsutomu Matsui
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, 14 2575 Sand Hill Road, MS69, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xue Fu Avenue, Xi’an 710127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chu-Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
- Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
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Development and validation of a quantitative assay for the determination of cinacalcet and its main metabolites in human plasma using RP-HPLC method. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Datar PA. Quantitative bioanalytical and analytical method development of dibenzazepine derivative, carbamazepine: A review. J Pharm Anal 2015; 5:213-222. [PMID: 29403934 PMCID: PMC5762214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioanalytical methods are widely used for quantitative estimation of drugs and their metabolites in physiological matrices. These methods could be applied to studies in areas of human clinical pharmacology and toxicology. The major bioanalytical services are method development, method validation and sample analysis (method application). Various methods such as GC, LC-MS/MS, HPLC, HPTLC, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and UFLC have been used in laboratories for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbamazepine in biological samples throughout all phases of clinical research and quality control. The article incorporates various reported methods developed to help analysts in choosing crucial parameters for new method development of carbamazepine and its derivatives and also enumerates metabolites, and impurities reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna A Datar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune 411041, India
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14
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Villanelli F, Giocaliere E, Malvagia S, Rosati A, Forni G, Funghini S, Shokry E, Ombrone D, Della Bona ML, Guerrini R, la Marca G. Dried blood spot assay for the quantification of phenytoin using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 440:31-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Rivoira L, De Carlo R, Cavalli S, Bruzzoniti M. Simple SPE–HPLC determination of some common drugs and herbicides of environmental concern by pulsed amperometry. Talanta 2015; 131:205-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Imam SS, Ahad A, Aqil M, Sultana Y, Ali A. A validated RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of propranolol and valsartan in bulk drug and gel formulation. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2013; 5:61-5. [PMID: 23559826 PMCID: PMC3612341 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.106573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A simple, precise, and stability indicating high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of propranolol hydrochloride and valsartan in pharmaceutical dosage form. Materials and Methods: The method involves the use of easily available inexpensive laboratory reagents. The separation was achieved on Hypersil ODS C-18 column (250*4.6 mm, i.d., 5 μm particle size) with isocratic flow with UV detector. The mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min consisted of acetonitrile, methanol, and 0.01 M disodium hydrogen phosphate (pH 3.5) in the ratio of 50:35:15 v/v. Results: A linear response was observed over the concentration range 5-50 μg/mL of propranolol and the concentration range 4-32 μg/mL of valsartan. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation for propranolol were 0.27 μg/mL and 0.85 μg/mL, and for valsartan were 0.45 μg/mL and 1.39 μg/mL, respectively. The method was successfully validated in accordance to ICH guidelines acceptance criteria for linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness. Conclusion: The analysis concluded that the method was selective for simultaneous estimation of propranolol and valsartan can be potentially used for the estimation of these drugs in combined dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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17
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Patel RB, Patel MR, Bhatt KK, Patel BG. Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for Estimation of Carbamazepine in Formulations and Its In Vitro Release Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4061/2011/684369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new, simple, and rapid high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for quantitative determination of Carbamazepine. Carbamazepine was chromatographed on silica gel 60 F254 TLC plate using ethyl acetate-toluene-methanol (5.0 + 4.0 + 1.0 v/v/v) as mobile phase. Carbamazepine was quantified by densitometric analysis at 285 nm. The method was found to give compact spots for the drug (Rf=0.47 ± 0.01). The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r2=.9995 in the concentration range 100–600 ng/spot. The method was validated for precision, recovery, repeatability, and robustness as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The minimum detectable amount was found to be 16.7 ng/spot, whereas the limit of quantitation was found to be 50.44 ng/spot. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the method is precise, accurate, reproducible, and selective for the analysis of Carbamazepine. The method was successfully employed for the estimation of equilibrium solubility, quantification of Carbamazepine as a bulk drug, in commercially available preparation, and in-house developed mucoadhesive microemulsion formulations and solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmin B. Patel
- A. R. College of Pharmacy and G. H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, India
| | - Mrunali R. Patel
- Indukaka Ipcowala College of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel University, New Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 121, India
| | - Kashyap K. Bhatt
- Indukaka Ipcowala College of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel University, New Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 121, India
| | - Bharat G. Patel
- A. R. College of Pharmacy and G. H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, India
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18
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Bhavar G, Chatpalliwar VA. Quantitative analysis of propranolol hydrochloride by high performance thin layer chromatography. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 70:395-8. [PMID: 20046758 PMCID: PMC2792509 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.43016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2007] [Revised: 12/24/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method has been developed for estimation of propranolol hydrochloride from bulk drug and tablet formulations. The separation was achieved on TLC plates using appropriate solvent system. The spots so developed were densitometrically scanned at 290 nm. The linearity of the method was found to be within the concentration range of 200-2000 ng/spot. The validation parameters, tested in accordance with the requirements of ICH guidelines, prove the suitability of this method. The method was successively applied for determination of drug in tablets, wherein, no interference from tablet excipients was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girija Bhavar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel College of Pharmacy, Karvand Naka, Shirpur-425 405, India
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Lerche MH, Meier S, Jensen PR, Hustvedt SO, Karlsson M, Duus JØ, Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH. Quantitative dynamic nuclear polarization-NMR on blood plasma for assays of drug metabolism. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2011; 24:96-103. [PMID: 20862657 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Analytical platforms for the fast detection, identification and quantification of circulating drugs with a narrow therapeutic range are vital in clinical pharmacology. As a result of low drug concentrations, analytical tools need to provide high sensitivity and specificity. Dynamic nuclear polarization-NMR (DNP-NMR) in the form of the hyperpolarization-dissolution method should afford the sensitivity and spectral resolution for the direct detection and quantification of numerous isotopically labeled circulating drugs and their metabolites in single liquid-state NMR transients. This study explores the capability of quantitative in vitro DNP-NMR to assay drug metabolites in blood plasma. The lower limit of detection for the anti-epileptic drug (13)C-carbamazepine and its pharmacologically active metabolite (13)C-carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide is 0.08 µg/mL in rabbit blood plasma analyzed by single-scan (13)C DNP-NMR. An internal standard is used for the accurate quantification of drug and metabolite. Comparison of quantitative DNP-NMR data with an established analytical method (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) yields a Pearson correlation coefficient r of 0.99. Notably, all DNP-NMR determinations were performed without analyte derivatization or sample purification other than plasma protein precipitation. Quantitative DNP-NMR is an emerging methodology which requires little sample preparation and yields quantitative data with high sensitivity for therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Li H, Wang XH, Tang F, Yang J, Ding L. Separation of Ions from Volatile Organic Compounds Using High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometer. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/23/02/125-132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Džodić P, Živanović L, Protić A, Zečević M, Jocić B. Chemometrically Assisted Development and Validation of LC for Simultaneous Determination of Carbamazepine and Its Impurities Iminostilbene and Iminodibenzyl in Solid Dosage Form. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Al Azzam K, Elbashir AA, Elbashir MA, Saad B, Abdul Hamid S. Simultaneous Determination of Atenolol and Chlorthalidone in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Capillary-Zone Electrophoresis. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710902961065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Khuroo A, Mishra S, Singh O, Saxena S, Monif T. Simultaneous Determination of Atenolol and Chlorthalidone by LC–MS–MS in Human Plasma. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Manjunatha D, Shaikh S, Harikrishna K, Sudhirkumar R, Kandagal P, Seetharamappa J. Simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods for the determination of acebutolol hydrochloride in bulk sample and pharmaceutical preparations. ECLÉTICA QUÍMICA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-46702008000200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Satínský D, Serralheiro HS, Solich P, Araújo AN, Montenegro MCBSM. On-line coupling of sequential injection extraction with restricted-access materials and post-column derivatization for sample clean-up and determination of propranolol in human plasma. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 600:122-8. [PMID: 17903473 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 02/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The presented paper deals with a new methodology for direct determination of propranolol in human plasma. The methodology described is based on sequential injection analysis technique (SIA) coupled with solid phase extraction (SPE) column based on restricted access materials (RAM). Special RAM column containing 30 microm polymeric material-N-vinylacetamide copolymer was integrated into the sequential injection manifold. SIA-RAM system was used for selective retention of propranolol, while the plasma matrix components were eluted with two weak organic solutions to waste. Due to the acid-basic and polarity properties of propranolol molecule and principles of reversed-phase chromatography, it was possible to retain propranolol on the N-vinylacetamide copolymer sorbent (Shodex MSpak PK-2A 30 microm (2 mm x 10 mm)). Centrifuged plasma samples were aspirated into the system and loaded onto the column using acetonitrile-water (5:95, v/v), pH 11.00, adjusted by triethylamine. The analyte was retained on the column while proteins contained in the sample were removed to waste. Interfering endogenous substances complicating detection were washed out by acetonitrile-water (15:85), pH 11.00 in the next step. The extracted analyte was eluted by means of tetrahydrofuran-water (25:75), pH 11.00 to the fluorescence detector (emission filter 385 nm). The whole procedure comprising sample pre-treatment, analyte detection and column reconditioning took about 15 min. The recoveries of propranolol from undiluted plasma were in the range 96.2-97.8% for three concentration levels of analyte. The proposed SIA-RAM method has been applied for direct determination of propranolol in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalibor Satínský
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
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Kadioglu Y, Demirkaya F. Determination of Carbamazepine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Using GC-FID. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Edafiogho IO, Abdel-Hamid ME, Hamza H, Scott KR. STABILITY STUDY OF AN ANTICONVULSANT ENAMINONE (E139) USING HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100103394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. O. Edafiogho
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - M. E. Abdel-Hamid
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - H. Hamza
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait
| | - K. R. Scott
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, Howard University , Washington, DC, 20059, U.S.A
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Abdel‐Hamid ME, Phillips OA. LC–MS/MS Determination of Carbamazepine, Pindolol, and Theophylline in Human Serum. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120021762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed E. Abdel‐Hamid
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , P.O. Box 24923, Safat , 13110 , Kuwait
| | - Oludotun A. Phillips
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , P.O. Box 24923, Safat , 13110 , Kuwait
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Sanches C, Galas FRBG, Silva AGODM, Carmona MJC, Auler JO, Santos SRCJ. Propranolol plasma monitoring in children submitted to surgery of tetralogy of Fallot by a micromethod using high performance liquid chromatography. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2007; 62:215-24. [PMID: 17589660 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322007000300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Accepted: 12/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the analytical micromethod using liquid chromatography for the quantification of propranolol in children submitted to surgery of tetralogy of Fallot (TLF). METHODS Only 0.2 mL of plasma is required for the assay. Peaks eluted at 8.4 (Propranolol) and 17.5 min (verapamil, internal standard) from a C18 column, with a mobile phase 0.1 M acetate buffer, pH 5.0, and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) at flow rate 0.7 mL/min, detected at 290 nm (excitation) and 358 nm (emission). Surgery was started 776 min of drug administration (8.7 mg, mean); seven blood samples were collected from six patients (4M/2F; 2.1 yrs;11.5 kg; 0.80 m; 18.9 kg/m(2)). RESULTS Confidence limits of the method showed high selectivity and recovery, sensitivity of 0.02ng/mL, good linearity (0.05-1000 ng/mL), precision of 8.6% and accuracy of 3.1%. The mean duration of surgery was 283.2 min, with the patients remaining under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for 114 min. A declining curve of propranolol plasma concentration was obtained after the last dose in the night that preceded the day of surgery. Plasma concentration also was normalized with hematocrit due to the hemodilution caused by the CPB procedure. On the other hand a decrease on drug plasma concentration was obtained between periods, the beginning of surgery to the postoperative day 2 (7.09 ng/mL and 0.05 ng/mL, p<0.05 respectively) and from the end of CPB to the postoperative day 2 (2.79 ng/mL e 0.05 ng/mL, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Propranolol monitoring of plasma concentrations of children (TLF) normalized after the last preoperative dose revealed a decline from the beginning of surgery to the second postoperative day, suggesting that, once redistribution was restored, propranolol washout was complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanches
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ceresole R, Moyano MA, Pizzorno MT, Segall AI. Validated Reversed‐Phase HPLC Method for the Determination of Atenolol in the Presence of Its Major Degradation Product. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600983393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ceresole
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. A. Moyano
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. T. Pizzorno
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A. I. Segall
- a Cátedra de Control de Calidad de Medicamentos, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Çomoğlu T, Gönül N, Şener E, Dal AG, Tunçel M. Determination of Carbamazapine by Flow‐Injection Analysis: Its Application to Tablet Analysis and Dissolution Studies. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600923225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Çomoğlu
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University , Tandoğan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N. Gönül
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University , Tandoğan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E. Şener
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - A. G. Dal
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - M. Tunçel
- b Department of Analytical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , Eskişehir, Turkey
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Papadopoulos P, Parissi-Poulou M, Panderi I. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A REVERSED-PHASE HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PINDOLOL AND CLOPAMIDE IN TABLETS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100108544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Papadopoulos
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis , University of Athens, School of Pharmacy , Athens , 157 71 , Greece
| | - M. Parissi-Poulou
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis , University of Athens, School of Pharmacy , Athens , 157 71 , Greece
| | - I. Panderi
- a Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Panepistimiopolis , University of Athens, School of Pharmacy , Athens , 157 71 , Greece
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Wang H, Shen Z. Enantiomeric separation and quantification of pindolol in human plasma by chiral liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry using staggered injection with a CTC Trio Valve system. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:291-7. [PMID: 16345128 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pindolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist (beta-blocker) for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and angina pectoris. It has one chiral center, and, therefore, two optical isomers. It was essential to develop an enantioselective assay to measure each enantiomer in human plasma. However, separation of enantiomers using chiral chromatography usually requires relatively long retention times. This can pose a problem for rapid turnaround of a large number of samples (i.e., clinical studies). In the present study, a simple and sensitive chiral liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of S-(-)- and R-(+)-pindolol in human plasma. To increase throughput, staggered sample injection was employed using a CTC Trio Valve system on a CTC HTS PAL autosampler. The method exhibited good intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision, and was linear over a dynamic range of 250 pg/mL to 250 ng/mL for each pindolol enantiomer. Intra- and inter-day accuracy ranged between 90.0-106% and 91.6-104% for both quality control (QC) samples of S-(-)- and R-(+)-pindolol, respectively. The respective intra- and inter-day precision ranged between 4.24-7.86% and 4.98-10.4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Wang
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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Johnson RD, Lewis RJ. Quantitation of atenolol, metoprolol, and propranolol in postmortem human fluid and tissue specimens via LC/APCI-MS. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 156:106-17. [PMID: 16410160 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Revised: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a growing medical concern in the United States. With the number of Americans suffering from hypertension increasing, the use of antihypertensives such as beta-blockers is increasing as well. In fact, three beta-blockers - atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol - were among the 200 most prescribed medications in the United States in 2003. Pilots that successfully manage their hypertension can remain certified to fly. The Federal Aviation Administration currently designates approximately 8% of active pilots as "hypertensive with medication". The Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) performs toxicological evaluation on victims of fatal aviation accidents. At CAMI beta-blockers are analyzed using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. We have, however, recently developed a liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC/MS) method for the simultaneous quantitation of three commonly prescribed beta-blockers, atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol. One advantage of our LC/MS method is the specificity provided by an ion trap MS. Utilizing an ion trap MS, we were able to conduct MS/MS and MS/MS/MS on each analyte. This method also eliminates the time-consuming and costly derivitization step necessary during GC/MS analysis. Additionally, by utilizing this novel method, any concerns about beta-blocker metabolite and/or sample matrix interference are eliminated. The limits of detection for this method ranged from 0.39 to 0.78 ng/mL and the linear dynamic range was generally 1.6-3200 ng/mL. The extraction efficiencies for each analyte ranged from 58% to 82%. This method was successfully applied to postmortem fluid and tissue specimens obtained from victims of three separate aviation accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Johnson
- Civil Aerospace Medical Institute, Federal Aviation Administration, Analytical Toxicology and Accident Research Laboratory, AAM-610, CAMI Building, RM 205, 6500 S. Macarthur Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73169-6901, USA.
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Marques KL, Santos JLM, Lima JLFC. Chemiluminometric determination of propranolol in an automated multicommutated flow system. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 39:886-91. [PMID: 15935605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2005] [Revised: 04/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a fully automated analytical methodology for the chemiluminometric determination of propranolol hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations is proposed. The developed procedure was based on the oxidation of propranolol by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and was implemented in a multicommutated flow system. The combined automated actuation of syringe pumps and two-way solenoid valves, under computer control, assured a high versatility in terms of sample and reagent manipulation and an effective run-time control of all analytical parameters, including a time-based insertion that enabled a significant solutions saving and the exploitation of different strategies for sample/reagent mixing. The calibration graph was linear over the range 20-150 mg l(-1) of propranolol hydrochloride with a relative standard deviation lower than 1.6% (n = 7). The results were in agreement with those obtained by the reference procedure with a relative deviation between -3.8 and 3.7% and a sampling rate of about 27 samples h(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine L Marques
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia (UP), 4050 Porto, Portugal
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Zhu Y, Chiang H, Wulster-Radcliffe M, Hilt R, Wong P, Kissinger CB, Kissinger PT. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of carbamazepine and its main metabolite in rat plasma utilizing an automated blood sampling system. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2005; 38:119-25. [PMID: 15907629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2004] [Revised: 11/25/2004] [Accepted: 11/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of carbamazepine and its main metabolite carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide in rat plasma is described. The method consists of a liquid-liquid extraction procedure and electrospray LC/MS/MS analysis. The chromatographic separation was achieved within 5 min using a C(8) (150 mm x 2.1mm) 5 microm column with a mobile phase composed of water/acetonitrile/acetic acid (69.5:30:0.5, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. D(10)-carbamazepine is used as the internal standard for all compounds. Analytes were determined by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode using selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Carbamazepine was monitored by scanning m/z 237-->194, carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide by m/z 253-->210 and d(10)-carbamazepine by m/z 247-->204. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) is 5 ng/ml for each analyte, based on 0.1 ml aliquots of rat plasma. The extraction recovery of analytes from rat plasma was over 87%. Intra-day and inter-day assay coefficients of variations were in the range of 2.6-9.5 and 4.0-9.6%, respectively. Linearity is observed over the range of 5-2000 ng/ml. This method was used for pharmacokinetic studies of carbamazepine and carbamazepine 10,11-epoxide in response to two different blood sampling techniques (i.e., manual sampling versus automated sampling) in the rat. Several differences between the two sampling techniques suggest that the method of blood collection needs to be considered in the evaluation of pharmacokinetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Zhu
- Bioanalytical Systems, Inc., 2701 Kent Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA.
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Gölcü A, Yücesoy C, Serin S. Spectrophotometric determination of some beta-blockers in dosage forms based on complex formation with Cu(II) and Co(II). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 59:487-92. [PMID: 15178312 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2003.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2003] [Accepted: 12/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Four sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the assay of Acebutolol Hydrochloride (ACH), Atenolol (ATE) and Propranolol Hydrochloride (PRH), which are based on the complexation of drugs with copper(II) (Cu(II)) and cobalt(II) (Co(II)). The coloured products are measured at 613, 694, 548 and 614 nm for ACH-Co(II), ATE-Cu(II), PRH-Cu(II) and PRH-Co(II) method, respectively. The optimization of various experimental conditions is described. Conformity with Beer's Law was evident over a concentration range in the of 2 x 10(-5) - 1 x 10(-2) mol/L. The molar absorptivity, detection and quantification limits are calculated. The results obtained showed good recoveries of 100.2 +/- 1.1, 100.3 +/- 1.2, 100.75 +/- 1.0 and 99.55 +/- 1.1 % with relative standard deviations of 0.410, 0.490, 0.161 and 0.140 % for ACH-Co(II), ATE-Cu(II), PRH-Cu(II) and PRH-Co(II) method, respectively. They were applied to the analysis of tablet forms of the drugs and the results were statistically compared with those obtained by official and literature methods using t- and F-tests. There were no significant difference among the mean values and precisions of the methods at 95% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Gölcü
- University of Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Chemistry, 46100, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
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Long WQ, Zhang ZX, Li LD. Studies on properties and application of non-protected room temperature phosphorescence of propranolol. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2002; 58:2185-2191. [PMID: 12212743 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A direct and simple non-protected room temperature phosphorimetry (NP-RTP) for determine propranolol, which using I- as a heavy atom perturber and sodium sulfite as a deoxygenator, has been developed. The phosphorescence peak wavelength maxima lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 288/494, 522 nm. The analytical curve of propranolol gives a linear dynamic range of 8.0 x 10(-8)-2.0 x 10(-5) mol l(-1) and a detection limit of 3 x 10(-8) mol l(-1). The influence of I- concentration on RTP lifetime of propranolol was studied and the luminescence kinetic parameters were calculated. It is found that the relation between I- concentration (x) and RTP lifetime (tau) can be expressed as tau = 1.25e(-0.477x) and the rate constants of phosphorescence emission k(p) was 0.800 per ms. The method was applied directly to determination of propranolol in urine and drug tablets with a satisfactory result. The recoveries were 96.6-97.4% and the relative standard deviation was 2% for the 1.00 x 10(-6)-4.00 x 10(-6) mol l(-1) propranolol in spiked urine sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Long
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
The use of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has recently exploded in various analytic fields, including toxicology and therapeutic drug monitoring (although still far behind pharmacokinetics). There is no doubt that LC-MS is currently competing with gas chromatography (GC)-MS for the status of the reference analytic technique in toxicology. This review presents, for the nonspecialist reader, the principles, advantages, and drawbacks of LC-MS systems using atmospheric pressure interfaces. It also gives an overview of the analytic methods for xenobiotics that could be set up with these instruments for clinical or forensic toxicology. In particular, as far as quantitative techniques are concerned, this review tries to underline the large number and variety of drugs or classes of drugs (drugs of abuse, therapeutic drugs) or toxic compounds (e.g., pesticides) that can be readily determined using such instruments, the respective merits of the different ionization sources, and the improvements brought about by tandem MS. It also discusses new applications of LC-MS in the field of toxicology, such as "general unknown" screening procedures and mass spectral libraries using LC-atmospheric pressure ionization (API)-MS or MS-MS, presenting the different solutions proposed to overcome the naturally low fragmentation power of API sources. Finally, the opportunities afforded by the most recent or proposed instrument designs are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Marquet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital, CHU Dupeytren, 87042 Limoges, France.
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40
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Thevis M, Opfermann G, Schänzer W. High speed determination of beta-receptor blocking agents in human urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2001; 15:393-402. [PMID: 11559924 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Beta-receptor blocking agents are present on the international market in a huge variety. The International Olympic Committee prohibits the use of these drugs in several sport sections and doping control laboratories analyse urine samples of high-performance athletes with different techniques. Therefore, fast and reliable methods are required to enable a sensitive detection of many drugs and a high throughput of samples. In the present study a screening procedure is described using high speed liquid chromatography and multiple reaction monitoring to identify 32 beta-receptor blocking agents extracted from human urine. Urine specimens (blank urine samples, spiked urine samples and specimens of excretion studies) were hydrolysed, extracted and analysed within 7 min. Quasi-molecular ions (M(+) + H) of the beta-blockers are generated by means of an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface followed by collision-induced dissociation in a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and subsequent detection of daughter ions. Proposals for the origin of common and individual secondary ions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thevis
- Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Carl-Diem-Weg 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany.
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41
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Abdel-Hamid ME, Novotny L, Hamza H. Determination of diclofenac sodium, flufenamic acid, indomethacin and ketoprofen by LC-APCI-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 24:587-94. [PMID: 11272315 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive, selective and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) assay for the determination of selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely diclofenac sodium (DIC), flufenamic acid (FLU), indomethacin (IND) and ketoprofen (KET), either individually or in mixtures, was developed. The examined drugs were injected onto Shim-pack GLC-CN column and were eluted with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 20 mM ammonium acetate solution (5:1 v/v)/pH 7.4 at a flow rate l ml min(-1). The mass spectrometer, operated in the single ion monitoring mode, was programmed to admit the negative ions [M-H] at m/z 295.9 (DIC), 280.1 (FLU), 355.8 (IND) and 252.9 (KET), respectively. The calibration curves were linear (r > or = 0.9993) over the concentration range 50-300 ng ml(-1) (FLU, DIC) and 100-500 ng ml(-1) (KET, IND) with detection limits of 0.5-4.0 ng. The mean predicted concentrations for the analytes were in the range -5.9 and 5.2% of the nominal concentrations. Within-day and between-day precision were in the range of 0.8-9.1% of the R.S.D. Mean recovery percentages of the individual compounds from laboratory-made mixtures and pharmaceutical formulations were (99.5-101.5%) and (100.6-102.2%), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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42
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Wu HF. Current awareness. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2000; 35:1055-1066. [PMID: 10973007 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9888(200008)35:8<1055::aid-jms981>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to keep subscribers up-to-date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of mass spectrometry. Each bibliography is divided into 11 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 Instrumental Techniques & Methods; 3 Gas Phase Ion Chemistry; 4 Biology/Biochemistry: Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins; Carbohydrates; Lipids; Nucleic Acids; 5 Pharmacology/Toxicology; 6 Natural Products; 7 Analysis of Organic Compounds; 8 Analysis of Inorganics/Organometallics; 9 Surface Analysis; 10 Environmental Analysis; 11 Elemental Analysis. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author (6 Weeks journals - Search completed at 7th. June 2000)
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Affiliation(s)
- HF Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei Hsien 25137, Taiwan
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