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Kostrzębska A, Junka A, Brożyna M, Musiał W. The Assessment of Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Hydrophilic Gels Containing Tetracycline Hydrochloride and Various Concentrations of Ethanol. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:830. [PMID: 38931950 PMCID: PMC11207367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of acne, which affects nearly 85% of adolescents and young adults, underscores the importance of exploring new therapeutic solutions. The aim of the present study was to design a stable hydrogel formulation containing tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) in the presence of ethanol at various concentration levels. The antibiotic stability was assessed over a period of 84 days using the HPLC method. The rheological properties of the formulations and their microbiological activity were also evaluated. Hydrogels without ethanol and those containing 5% and 25% alcohol showed similar rheological properties and high stability of the antibiotic throughout the observation period. The formulation with the highest ethanol content of 50% differed significantly from the others in terms of rheological properties. Although the flow and viscosity curves were like those of the other formulations, the viscosity values were significantly lower. The stability of tetracycline in this formulation was also significantly lower, and by the 84th day of observation, the concentration of the drug had decreased to almost 45% of its initial content. The formulations containing the highest concentration of ethanol displayed the highest activity against the biofilm of the acne-causing agent, Cutibacterium acnes. The study demonstrated the possibility of developing stable and antimicrobial effective hydrogel formulations with tetracycline and ethanol as a substance enhancing drug penetration into the hair follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kostrzębska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Junka
- Platform for Unique Models Application P.U.M.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Brożyna
- Platform for Unique Models Application P.U.M.A., Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Witold Musiał
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Biophysics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Ryan A, Patel P, Ratrey P, O'Connor PM, O'Sullivan J, Ross RP, Hill C, Hudson SP. The development of a solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)-based lacticin 3147 hydrogel for the treatment of wound infections. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023:10.1007/s13346-023-01332-9. [PMID: 36964439 PMCID: PMC10382363 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds affect millions of people globally. This number is set to rise with the increasing incidence of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which impair the healing of chronic wounds. Lacticin 3147 is a two-peptide chain bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis that is active against S. aureus including MRSA strains. Previously, poor physicochemical properties of the peptides were overcome by the encapsulation of lacticin 3147 into solid lipid nanoparticles. Here, a lacticin 3147 solid lipid nanoparticle gel is proposed as a topical treatment for S. aureus and MRSA wound infections. Initially, lacticin 3147's antimicrobial activity against S. aureus was determined before encapsulation into solid lipid nanoparticles. An optimised gel formulation with the desired physicochemical properties for topical application was developed, and the lacticin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and free lacticin 3147 aqueous solution were incorporated into separate gels. The release of lacticin 3147 from both the solid lipid nanoparticle and free lacticin gels was measured where the solid lipid nanoparticle gel exhibited increased activity for a longer period (11 days) compared to the free lacticin gel (9 days). Both gels displayed potent activity ex vivo against S. aureus-infected pig skin with significant bacterial eradication (> 75%) after 1 h. Thus, a long-acting potent lacticin 3147 solid lipid nanoparticle gel with the required physicochemical properties for topical delivery of lacticin 3147 to the skin for the potential treatment of S. aureus-infected chronic wounds was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoibhín Ryan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Pratikkumar Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Poonam Ratrey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Paula M O'Connor
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Julie O'Sullivan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Hill
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- SSPC the SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Oktay AN, Celebi N, Ilbasmis-Tamer S, Kaplanoğlu GT. Cyclodextrin-based nanogel of flurbiprofen for dermal application: In vitro studies and in vivo skin irritation evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kolman M, Smith C, Chakrabarty D, Amin S. Rheological stability of carbomer in hydroalcoholic gels: Influence of alcohol type. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 43:748-763. [PMID: 34741768 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic in recent times has seen an exceptionally high demand for the use of hand sanitizer gels as an effective strategy to combat this infectious disease. Hand sanitizers have played a significant role in providing effective disinfection thereby offering a pragmatic solution to prevent further spread of the deadly SARS CoV-2 virus. While addressing the exceptionally high demands of manufacturing posed during such times, an observation has been that such hydroalcoholic gels tend to exhibit viscosity variations when maintained unperturbed over an extended time. Such inherent viscosity variations would influence sensorial dimensions of consumer usage during application. Hence, it is only relevant that such a phenomenon of viscosity variations in unperturbed hydroalcoholic gels be under-stood in some degree of detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Kolman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale
| | - Connor Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale
| | | | - Samiul Amin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manhattan College, Riverdale
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Jones DS, Rafferty GP, Andrews GP. Drug release from hydroxypropylcellulose gels cannot be statistically predicted from their viscometric and initial viscoelastic properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 256:117512. [PMID: 33483033 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This study questioned whether rheological properties can predict drug (metronidazole) release from Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) platforms. Viscometric and viscoelastic properties of aqueous, alcohols/diols and mixed solvent HPC solutions and gels were determined using viscometry and oscillatory analysis. Drug release was conducted at pH 7.4 under sink conditions. Relationships between rheological parameters and drug release were modelled using multiple linear stepwise regression. Viscometry identified ethanol and water as good solvents for HPC. Diol solvents were predicted to exhibit greater interactions with HPC (COSMO modelling) but possessed lowest intrinsic viscosities. Pentanediol or ethylene glycol prepared gels exhibited greatest elasticity. No relationships were observed between dilute solution properties and initial gel viscoelasticity. Drug release from HPC gels occurred via gel erosion and diffusion. No relationships were observed between initial gel viscoelasticity and drug release and thus, for gel platforms that undergo erosion in aqueous media, drug release cannot be predicted from initial gel viscoelasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Jones
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Gerard P Rafferty
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin P Andrews
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Antrim, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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The Influence of pH Values on the Rheological, Textural and Release Properties of Carbomer Polacril ® 40P-Based Dental Gel Formulation with Plant-Derived and Synthetic Active Components. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215018. [PMID: 33138200 PMCID: PMC7663699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical properties, especially pH value of dental medicines, have significant influence on the health of oral cavity tissues. The pH of formulations should correspond to the value of saliva pH (5.5–8.0). For carbomer-based gels, the required pH value is obtained by neutralizing them with alkaline components, which leads to their structuring (thickening). This affects the physical properties of the gel, its residence time at the application site and the rate of release of active pharmaceutical ingredient. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the rheological, textural, and biopharmaceutical properties of Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based dental gel depending on the pH value. Evaluation of the rheological properties of gel preparations were performed by measuring the structural viscosity of the samples as a function of pH and temperature. The textural properties of the gel were evaluated by performing tests regarding back extrusion and spreadability. Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based gels haven’t shown noticeable thixotropic behavior, and were characterized by plastic flow in the whole studied pH range. The structural viscosity at the selected average pH value hasn’t differed at storage (25 °C) and application (37 °C) temperature. Texture studies of dental gels have shown a strong correlation with rheoparameters. Their rheological behavior and textural properties haven’t changed significantly between the pH range of 5.5–6.6. The relatively narrow range of working pH values does not affect the change in the viscosity of the preparation significantly and, consequently, does not affect the release of APIs from the developed Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based dental gel.
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Souza C, de Freitas LAP, Maia Campos PMBG. Topical Formulation Containing Beeswax-Based Nanoparticles Improved In Vivo Skin Barrier Function. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2505-2516. [PMID: 28213845 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles have shown many advantages for treatment/prevention of skin disorders with damaged skin barrier function. Beeswax is a favorable candidate for the development of nanosystems in the cosmetic and dermatological fields because of its advantages for the development of products for topical application. In the present study, beeswax-based nanoparticles (BNs) were prepared using the hot melt microemulsion technique and incorporated to a gel-cream formulation. The formulation was subsequently evaluated for its rheological stability and effect on stratum corneum water content (SCWC) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) using in vivo biophysical techniques. BNs resulted in mean particle size of 95.72 ± 9.63 nm and zeta potential of -9.85 ± 0.57 mV. BN-loaded formulation showed shear thinning behavior, well adjusted by the Herschel-Bulkley model, and a small thixotropy index that were stable for 28 days at different temperatures. BN-loaded formulation was also able to simultaneously decrease the TEWL and increase the SCWC values 28 days after treatment. In conclusion, the novel beeswax-based nanoparticles showed potential for barrier recovery and open the perspective for its commercial use as a novel natural active as yet unexplored in the field of dermatology and cosmetics for treatment of skin diseases with damaged skin barrier function.
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Jain S, Patel N, Madan P, Lin S. Formulation and rheological evaluation of ethosome-loaded carbopol hydrogel for transdermal application. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42:1315-24. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1132227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Jain
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Niketkumar Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Parshotam Madan
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Senshang Lin
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
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Harde H, Agrawal AK, Katariya M, Kale D, Jain S. Development of a topical adapalene-solid lipid nanoparticle loaded gel with enhanced efficacy and improved skin tolerability. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation substantiates the efficacy of adapalene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Ada-SLNs) in ameliorating the skin irritation potential of adapalene owing to its altered skin distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshad Harde
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Mahesh Katariya
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kale
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
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Calixto G, Yoshii AC, Rocha e Silva H, Stringhetti Ferreira Cury B, Chorilli M. Polyacrylic acid polymers hydrogels intended to topical drug delivery: preparation and characterization. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 20:490-6. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.882941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Marchiori MCL, Rascovetzki RH, Ourique AF, Rigo LA, Silva CB, Beck RCR. Improved tretinoin photostability in a topical nanomedicine replacing original liquid suspension with spray-dried powder with no loss of effectiveness. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:579-86. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.691510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. C. L. Marchiori
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - R. H. Rascovetzki
- Curso de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - A. F. Ourique
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - L. A. Rigo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - C. B. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria,
Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - R. C. R. Beck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul,
Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Hurler J, Engesland A, Poorahmary Kermany B, Škalko-Basnet N. Improved texture analysis for hydrogel characterization: Gel cohesiveness, adhesiveness, and hardness. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Almeida JS, Benvegnú DM, Boufleur N, Reckziegel P, Barcelos RCS, Coradini K, de Carvalho LM, Bürger ME, Beck RCR. Hydrogels containing rutin intended for cutaneous administration: efficacy in wound healing in rats. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2011; 38:792-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2011.628676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Fontana M, Rezer J, Coradini K, Leal D, Beck R. Improved efficacy in the treatment of contact dermatitis in rats by a dermatological nanomedicine containing clobetasol propionate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:241-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ourique AF, Melero A, de Bona da Silva C, Schaefer UF, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS, Lehr CM, Kostka KH, Beck RCR. Improved photostability and reduced skin permeation of tretinoin: development of a semisolid nanomedicine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:95-101. [PMID: 21402157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this work were to increase the photostability and to reduce the skin permeation of tretinoin through nanoencapsulation. Tretinoin is widely used in the topical treatment of various dermatological diseases such as acne, psoriasis, skin cancer, and photoaging. Tretinoin-loaded lipid-core polymeric nanocapsules were prepared by interfacial deposition of a preformed polymer. Carbopol hydrogels containing nanoencapsulated tretinoin presented a pH value of 6.08±0.14, a drug content of 0.52±0.01 mg g(-1), pseudoplastic rheological behavior, and higher spreadability than a marketed formulation. Hydrogels containing nanoencapsulated tretinoin demonstrated a lower photodegradation (24.17±3.49%) than the formulation containing the non-encapsulated drug (68.64±2.92%) after 8h of ultraviolet A irradiation. The half-life of the former was seven times higher than the latter. There was a decrease in the skin permeability coefficient of the drug by nanoencapsulation, independently of the dosage form. The liquid suspension and the semisolid form provided K(p)=0.31±0.15 and K(p)=0.33±0.01 cm s(-1), respectively (p≤0.05), while the samples containing non-encapsulated tretinoin showed K(p)=1.80±0.27 and K(p)=0.73±0.12 cm s(-1) for tretinoin solution and hydrogel, respectively. Lag time was increased two times by nanoencapsulation, meaning that the drug is retained for a longer time on the skin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferreira Ourique
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nanotecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Marchiori ML, Lubini G, Dalla Nora G, Friedrich RB, Fontana MC, Ourique AF, Bastos MO, Rigo LA, Silva CB, Tedesco SB, Beck RCR. Hydrogel containing dexamethasone-loaded nanocapsules for cutaneous administration: preparation, characterization, and in vitro drug release study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:962-71. [PMID: 20590450 DOI: 10.3109/03639041003598960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Our group previously reported the development of dexamethasone-loaded polymeric nanocapsules as an alternative for topical dermatological treatments. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to prepare and characterize a hydrogel containing this system to improve the effectiveness of the glucocorticoid for cutaneous disorders. METHODS For the antiproliferative activity assay, a dexamethasone solution and D-NC were tested on Allium cepa root meristem model. D-NC were prepared by the interfacial deposition of preformed polymer. Hydrogels were prepared using Carbopol Ultrez 10 NF, as polymer, and characterized according to the following characteristics: pH, drug content, spreadability, viscosity, and in vitro drug release. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Nanocapsules showed mean particle size and zeta potential of 201 +/- 6 and -5.73 +/- 0.42 nm, respectively. They demonstrated a lower mitotic index (4.62%) compared to free dexamethasone (8.60%). Semisolid formulations presented acidic pH values and adequate drug content (between 5.4% and 6.1% and 100% and 105%, respectively). The presence of nanocapsules in hydrogels led to a decrease in their spreadability factor. Intact nanoparticles were demonstrated by TEM as well as by dynamic light scattering (mean particle size < 300 nm). In vitro studies showed a controlled dexamethasone release from hydrogels containing the drug associated to the nanocapsules following the Higuchi's squared root model (k = 20.21 +/- 2.96 mg/cm(2)/h(1/2)) compared to the hydrogels containing the free drug (k = 26.65 +/- 2.09 mg/cm(2)/h(1/2)). CONCLUSION Taking all these results together, the hydrogel containing D-NC represent a promising approach to treat antiproliferative-related dermatological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Marchiori
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Fresno Contreras MJ, Jiménez Soriano MM, Ramírez Diéguez A. In vitro percutaneous absorption of all-trans retinoic acid applied in free form or encapsulated in stratum corneum lipid liposomes. Int J Pharm 2005; 297:134-45. [PMID: 15907600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2004] [Revised: 03/03/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design an all-trans retinoic acid (RA) topical release system that modifies drug diffusion parameters in the vehicle and the skin in order to reduce systemic absorption and the side-effects associated with topical application of the drug to skin. Three cases of application of hydrogels containing RA either in free form or encapsulated in stratum corneum lipid liposomes (SCLLs) have been considered. For this purpose, we have evaluated the RA in formulations with combinations of Carbopol Ultrez 10 (U10) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for percutaneous absorption. In vitro permeability experiments with [3H]-t-RA were carried out using a Franz-type diffusion cell in abdominal rat skin samples. Accumulation of the drug in the surface and skin layers was evaluated by both the tape stripping method and a dissection technique, and subsequently, all the radiolabelled samples were analyzed by liquid scintillation counting. The results show that RA encapsulation not only prolongs drug release but also promotes drug retention by the viable skin. At the same time, interaction between RA and HA has an obstructive effect on diffusion, which contributes to the formation of a reservoir of the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Fresno Contreras
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Alcalá University, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
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Jiménez MM, Fresno MJ, Ramírez A. The Influence of Cosolvent Polarity on the Flow Properties of Hydroalcoholic Gels. Empirical Models. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 53:1097-102. [PMID: 16141575 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of cosolvent polarity on the rheological flow properties of aqueous and hydroalcoholic gels obtained from the Carbopol Ultrez 10 base and used for topical applications. Specifically, we have examined the effect of pH (range 4.0--7.0) on the consistency and flow properties of dispersed systems in water and mixtures--15 : 85% v/v of methanol : water, ethanol : water, n-propanol : water and n-butanol : water--at a constant polymer concentration of 0.3% w/w. The gels, which had decreasing polarity values in the jellifying medium, showed qualitatively similar flow behavior, characteristic of pseudoplastic systems, and all of the flow curves were adjusted to the Ostwald model. Sigmoidal dose response functions were calculated to describe the flow and consistency indexes as a function of pH. As a result, the influence of alcohol polarity on the polymer network has been assessed meaningfully using the empirical parameters obtained: maximum consistency index value (k(max)), pH value required for 50% development of polymer network (pH(50)), and asymptotic flow index value (n(min)) for the fully structured gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Magdalena Jiménez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alcalá University; Campus Universitario E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Fresno MJC, Ramírez AD, Jiménez MM. Systematic study of the flow behaviour and mechanical properties of Carbopol Ultrez 10 hydroalcoholic gels. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2002; 54:329-35. [PMID: 12445564 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(02)00080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flow behaviour and mechanical properties of 0:100, 15:85, and 30:70 v/v gelled ethanol:water mixtures are studied as a function of pH (4.0-7.0) and Carbopol Ultrez 10 concentration (0.1-0.5%). As previously reported individually for 30% v/v alcoholic Ultrez 10 gels, flow curves were adjusted to the Ostwald's model, and similar sigmoidal dose response functions were obtained to describe the pH dependence of consistency index and mechanical properties of the systems. The concentration dependence of flow indexes was also best adjusted to one-phase exponential decay functions. As a result, the influence of ethanol content on polymer network is meaningfully assessed by means of the obtained empirical parameters: bottom value of each variable (Y(max)), pH value required for a 50% polymer network development (pH(50)), and asymptotic flow index value for the fully structured gels (n(min)). Also, it is assessed the influence of cosolvent on the above-mentioned empirical variables, by studying pH-dependence of gelation in methanol:water, 1-propanol:water and 1-butanol:water 15:85% v/v mixtures. As a result, the alcohol induced variations in consistency and mechanical properties of hydroalcoholic gels were well correlated to modifications in the solubility parameter (delta(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J C Fresno
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain.
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