1
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Wang H, Liu F, Wu X, Zhu G, Tang Z, Qu W, Zhao Q, Huang R, Tian M, Fang Y, Jiang X, Tao C, Gao J, Liu W, Zhou J, Fan J, Wu D, Shi Y. Cancer-associated fibroblasts contributed to hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and metastasis via CD36-mediated fatty-acid metabolic reprogramming. Exp Cell Res 2024; 435:113947. [PMID: 38301989 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main components in the tumor microenvironment. Tumors activate fibroblasts from quiescent state into activated state by secreting cytokines, and activated CAFs may in turn promote tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, studies targeting CAFs could enrich the therapeutic options for tumor treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that the content of lipid droplets and the expression of autophagosomes were higher in CAFs than in peri-tumor fibroblasts (PTFs), which was inhibited by 5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furoic acid(TOFA). The expression of CD36 in CAFs was higher than that in PTFs at both mRNA and protein levels. Inhibition of CD36 activity using either the CD36 inhibitor SSO or siRNA had a significant negative impact on the proliferation and migration abilities of CAFs, which was associated with reduced levels of relevant activated genes (α-SMA, FAP, Vimentin) and cytokines (IL-6, TGF-β and VEGF-α). SSO also inhibited HCC growth and tumorigenesis in nude mice orthotopically implanted with CAFs and HCC cells. Our data further show that CD36+CAFs affected the expression of PD-1 in CTLs leading to CTL exhaustion, and that patients with high CD36 expression in CAFs were correlated with shorter overall survival (OS). Together, our data demonstrate that CAFs were active in lipid metabolism with increased lipid content and lipophagy activity. CD36 may play a key role in the regulation of the biological behaviors of CAFs, which may influence the proliferation and migration of tumor cells by reprograming the lipid metabolism in tumor cells. Thus, CD36 could be an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiqi Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weifeng Qu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianfu Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Run Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxin Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xifei Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Tao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiren Liu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Duojiao Wu
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; Research Unit of Liver cancer Recurrence and Metastasis, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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2
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Rekhi UR, Omar M, Alexiou M, Delyea C, Immaraj L, Elahi S, Febbraio M. Endothelial Cell CD36 Reduces Atherosclerosis and Controls Systemic Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:768481. [PMID: 34888367 PMCID: PMC8650007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.768481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat Western diets contribute to tissue dysregulation of fatty acid and glucose intake, resulting in obesity and insulin resistance and their sequelae, including atherosclerosis. New therapies are desperately needed to interrupt this epidemic. The significant idea driving this research is that the understudied regulation of fatty acid entry into tissues at the endothelial cell (EC) interface can provide novel therapeutic targets that will greatly modify health outcomes and advance health-related knowledge. Dysfunctional endothelium, defined as activated, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic, is critical in atherosclerosis initiation, in modulating thrombotic events that could result in myocardial infarction and stroke, and is a hallmark of insulin resistance. Dyslipidemia from high-fat diets overwhelmingly contributes to the development of dysfunctional endothelium. CD36 acts as a receptor for pathological ligands generated by high-fat diets and in fatty acid uptake, and therefore, it may additionally contribute to EC dysfunction. We created EC CD36 knockout (CD36°) mice using cre-lox technology and a cre-promoter that does not eliminate CD36 in hematopoietic cells (Tie2e cre). These mice were studied on different diets, and crossed to the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout for atherosclerosis assessment. Our data show that EC CD36° and EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have metabolic changes suggestive of an uncompensated role for EC CD36 in fatty acid uptake. The mice lacking expression of EC CD36 had increased glucose clearance compared with controls when fed with multiple diets. EC CD36° male mice showed increased carbohydrate utilization and decreased energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Female EC CD36°/LDLR° mice have reduced atherosclerosis. Taken together, these data support a significant role for EC CD36 in systemic metabolism and reveal sex-specific impact on atherosclerosis and energy substrate use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar R Rekhi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohamed Omar
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Alexiou
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cole Delyea
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Linnet Immaraj
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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3
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Abstract
Our understanding of the role of the vascular endothelium has evolved over the past 2 decades, with the recognition that it is a dynamically regulated organ and that it plays a nodal role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Endothelial cells (ECs) are not only a barrier between the circulation and peripheral tissues, but also actively regulate vascular tone, blood flow, and platelet function. Dysregulation of ECs contributes to pathological conditions such as vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cancer. The close anatomic relationship between vascular endothelium and highly vascularized metabolic organs/tissues suggests that the crosstalk between ECs and these organs is vital for both vascular and metabolic homeostasis. Numerous reports support that hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and other metabolic stresses result in endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications. However, how ECs may regulate metabolic homeostasis remains poorly understood. Emerging data suggest that the vascular endothelium plays an unexpected role in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and that endothelial dysregulation directly contributes to the development of metabolic disorders. Here, we review recent studies about the pivotal role of ECs in glucose and lipid homeostasis. In particular, we introduce the concept that the endothelium adjusts its barrier function to control the transendothelial transport of fatty acids, lipoproteins, LPLs (lipoprotein lipases), glucose, and insulin. In addition, we summarize reports that ECs communicate with metabolic cells through EC-secreted factors and we discuss how endothelial dysregulation contributes directly to the development of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cognitive defects, and fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Pi
- From the Section of Athero & Lipo, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (X.P., L.X.)
| | - Liang Xie
- From the Section of Athero & Lipo, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (X.P., L.X.)
| | - Cam Patterson
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (C.P.)
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4
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Bousseau S, Vergori L, Soleti R, Lenaers G, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Glycosylation as new pharmacological strategies for diseases associated with excessive angiogenesis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:92-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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5
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Harjes U, Kalucka J, Carmeliet P. Targeting fatty acid metabolism in cancer and endothelial cells. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 97:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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6
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Dong ZP, Chai CL, Dai FY, Pan MH, Huang P, Wang W, Liao PF, Liu M, Lu C. Expression pattern and tissue localization of the class B scavenger receptor BmSCRBQ4 in Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 22:739-747. [PMID: 25092485 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Class B scavenger receptors (SR-Bs) are cell surface glycoproteins involved in various physiological processes in vivo, including the transport and metabolism of lipids, binding and phagocytosis of xenobiotics, and signaling. But little information is available about silkworm SR-Bs; it is necessary to study these SR-Bs for revealing their function. In this study, we cloned the full-length coding sequence of BmSCRBQ4, a SR-B gene from the silkworm Bombyx mori L. We found that the BmSCRBQ4 gene consists of nine exons and eight introns, with an open reading frame of 1371 bp encoding 456 amino acids. Gene expression studies determined that BmSCRBQ4 messenger RNA (mRNA) was expressed in unfertilized eggs, during embryonic development and throughout the majority of the larval period. Expression of mRNA was detected in the mid gut, middle silk gland, posterior silk gland, head, integumentum, fat body, testes and the ovaries of the larval B. mori Dazao strain, as well as in the silkworm cell lines BmN and BmE. Protein expression studies found BmSCRBQ4 protein was expressed only in the testes, fat body and middle silk gland of larvae, as well as in the silkworm cell lines BmN and BmE. The BmSCRBQ4 protein showed variability in banding patterns in different tissues and cells when analyzed by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the BmSCRBQ4 protein localizes to the constitutive membranes or cellular membranes of these tissues. These results indicated that BmSCRBQ4 gene may play some physiologically relevant roles at the cell surface in each tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Peng Dong
- Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi, Yunnan
| | - Chun-Li Chai
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - Fang-Yin Dai
- Institute of Sericulture and System Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- Institute of Sericulture and System Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - Ping Huang
- Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi, Yunnan
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Liao
- Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi, Yunnan
| | - Min Liu
- Sericultural and Apicultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi, Yunnan
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Sericulture and System Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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7
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Fink IR, Benard EL, Hermsen T, Meijer AH, Forlenza M, Wiegertjes GF. Molecular and functional characterization of the scavenger receptor CD36 in zebrafish and common carp. Mol Immunol 2015; 63:381-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Hagberg C, Mehlem A, Falkevall A, Muhl L, Eriksson U. Endothelial fatty acid transport: role of vascular endothelial growth factor B. Physiology (Bethesda) 2014; 28:125-34. [PMID: 23455771 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00042.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary lipids present in the circulation have to be transported through the vascular endothelium to be utilized by tissue cells, a vital mechanism that is still poorly understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) regulates this process by controlling the expression of endothelial fatty acid transporter proteins (FATPs). Here, we summarize research on the role of the vascular endothelium in nutrient transport, with emphasis on VEGF-B signaling.
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9
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Abstract
CD36 has recently been shown to facilitate monocyte Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) recognition of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), much like CD14 in TLR4 recognition of lipopolysaccharide. We previously found that bovine gammadelta T cells express CD36 transcripts. Here, we tested whether bovine gammadelta T cells express CD36 protein and if so, whether it functions in a manner similar to the monocyte molecule. CD36 transcripts and internal and cell surface protein could be detected in resting, sorted gammadelta T cells. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/ionomycin treatment increased CD36 transcript levels (detectable at 4 h) and protein expression (internal and cell surface). Increased surface antigen expression was detectable by 24 h and was maximal at 72 h following PMA/ionomycin stimulation. Anti-CD36 monoclonal antibody inhibited increased macrophage-inflammatory protein-1alpha gene expression in gammadelta T cells activated by LTA. In conclusion, gammadelta T cells express CD36, previously thought to be a myeloid and endothelial cell-restricted surface antigen, and it contributes to responses by these cells to microbial LTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Lubick
- Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
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10
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Brinkmann JFF, Pelsers MMAL, van Nieuwenhoven FA, Tandon NN, van der Vusse GJ, Glatz JFC. Purification, immunochemical quantification and localization in rat heart of putative fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36). Mol Cell Biochem 2006; 284:127-34. [PMID: 16541201 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 04/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that the heavily glycosylated integral membrane protein fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) is involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the sarcolemma of heart muscle cells. The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution between FAT/CD36 present in cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells. We therefore developed a method to purify FAT/CD36 from total rat heart and isolated cardiomyocytes, and used the proteins as standards in an immunochemical assay. Two steps, chromatography on wheat germ agglutinin-agarose and anion-exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose fast flow, were sufficient for obtaining the protein in a > 95% pure form. When used to isolate FAT/CD36 from total heart tissue, the FAT/CD36 yield of the method was 9% and the purification factor was 64. Purifying FAT/CD36 from isolated cardiomyocytes yielded the same 88 kDa protein band on SDS-PAGE gels and reactivity of this band on western blots was comparable to that of the FAT/CD36 isolated from total hearts. Quantifying FAT/CD36 contents by western blotting showed that the amounts of FAT/CD36 that are present in isolated cardiomyocytes (10 +/- 3 microg/mg protein) and total hearts (14 +/- 4 microg/mg protein) are of comparable magnitude. Immunofluorescence labelling showed that at least a part of the FAT/CD36 present in the cardiomyocyte is associated with the sarcolemma. This study established that FAT/CD36 is a relatively abundant protein in the cardiomyocyte. In addition, the further developed purification procedure is the first method for isolating FAT/CD36 from rat heart and cardiomyocyte FAT/CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joep F F Brinkmann
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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11
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Cooke BM, Mohandas N, Cowman AF, Coppel RL. Cellular adhesive phenomena in apicomplexan parasites of red blood cells. Vet Parasitol 2005; 132:273-95. [PMID: 16087297 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The apicomplexan parasites Babesia and Plasmodium are related, yet phylogenetically distinct haemoprotozoa that infect red blood cells and cause severe diseases of major human and veterinary importance. A variety of cellular and molecular interactions are pivotal in many aspects of the pathogenicity of these two parasites. Comparison of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that culminate in accumulation of parasitised red blood cells in the microvasculature of cattle infected with Babesia bovis (babesiosis) and humans infected with Plasmodium falciparum (falciparum malaria) is particularly instructive given the striking similarities in the pathophysiology of these two important medical and veterinary diseases. While such adhesive phenomena have been studied extensively in malaria, they have received relatively little attention in babesiosis. In this review, we summarise the findings of more than 25 years of research into cellular adhesive phenomena in malaria and speculate on how this body of work can now be applied to Babesia parasites. Such information is fundamental if we are to learn more about the biology of Babesia parasites, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which they cause infection and disease and how to develop novel therapeutic strategies or vaccines for both Babesia and malaria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Cooke
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia.
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12
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Zhang X, Fitzsimmons RL, Cleland LG, Ey PL, Zannettino ACW, Farmer EA, Sincock P, Mayrhofer G. CD36/fatty acid translocase in rats: distribution, isolation from hepatocytes, and comparison with the scavenger receptor SR-B1. J Transl Med 2003; 83:317-32. [PMID: 12649333 DOI: 10.1097/01.lab.0000059923.67198.ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The new mAb UA009 recognizes an antigen expressed by microvascular endothelium, by lymphatic endothelium, and by some epithelia in a number of organs, including the small intestine, lactating mammary gland, kidney, lung, sebaceous glands, and circumvallate papillae of the tongue. This antigen is also expressed abundantly in the splenic red pulp and marginal zone and by monocytes, macrophages, and erythrocytes (but not by platelets). Among tissues that store or metabolize fatty acids, the antigen is expressed by adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, and red skeletal muscle. Importantly, it is expressed by steroidogenic cells in the adrenal gland, testis, and ovary, whereas in the liver it is expressed by hepatocytes in a pattern that is dependent on gender and genetic background. mAb UA009 immunoprecipitated a mol wt 85-kDa surface protein from detergent extracts of hepatocytes from Dark Agouti female rats. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein was identical to fatty acid translocase (FAT), the rat cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) ortholog. The mAb also reacted with COS-7 cells transfected with cDNA encoding FAT. cDNAs encoding a CD36/FAT-like polypeptide were prepared from both liver and heart RNA by RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequences obtained from these cDNAs (Dark Agouti rats) revealed identity and 99% similarity, respectively, with the published sequences of Cd36/Fat in rats of the Wistar and Sprague-Dawley strains. The absence of the UA009 antigen in CD36/FAT-deficient SHR/N rats confirmed the identity of the UA009 antigen and CD36/FAT. We suggest that CD36/FAT might function in the liver as a sex-regulated accessory molecule, either in reverse cholesterol transport and/or in fatty acid uptake.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- CD36 Antigens/metabolism
- COS Cells
- Cercopithecus
- DNA, Complementary/analysis
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Hepatocytes/enzymology
- Hybridomas
- Immunohistochemistry
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/isolation & purification
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins
- Mice
- Organic Anion Transporters/immunology
- Organic Anion Transporters/isolation & purification
- Organic Anion Transporters/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Lipoprotein
- Receptors, Scavenger
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqi Zhang
- The Arthritis Research Laboratory, Hanson Centre for Cancer Research, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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13
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Abstract
CD36, a common milk fat globule membrane glycoprotein, was isolated from skim milk by methods similar to those previously utilized for the isolation of sulfhydryl oxidase. Two separate methods that were employed, gave similar purity as observed by electrophoresis. The first was based on differential centrifugation and size-exclusion chromatography, whereas the second combined ultrafiltration and affinity chromatography. After significant purification, the protein was identified by Western blotting and sequence analysis. Deglycosylation decreased the apparent molecular mass from approximately 85 to 57 kDa. These results suggested tissue-specific glycosylation. The purified fractions also exhibited low levels of sulfhydryl oxidase activity, the significance of which will require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Wilcox
- Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7624, USA
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14
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Abstract
The characteristics and possible functions of the most abundant proteins associated with the bovine milk-fat globule membrane are reviewed. Under the auspices of the Milk Protein Nomenclature Committee of the ADSA, a revised nomenclature for the major membrane proteins is proposed and discussed in relation to earlier schemes. We recommend that proteins be assigned specific names as they are identified by molecular cloning and sequencing techniques. The practice of identifying proteins according to their Mr, electrophoretic mobility, or staining characteristics should be discontinued, except for uncharacterized proteins. The properties and amino acid sequences of the following proteins are discussed in detail: MUC1, xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase, CD36, butyrophilin, adipophilin, periodic acid Schiff 6/7 (PAS 6/7), and fatty acid binding protein. In addition, a compilation of less abundant proteins associated with the bovine milk-fat globule membrane is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Mather
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA.
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15
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Clemetson KJ. Blood glycoproteins⁎*~~~~This chapter is dedicated to Prof. R.U. Lemieux who played a major role in awakening a whole generation to the importance of carbohydrate structure in biology. GLYCOPROTEINS II 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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16
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Crandall I, Sherman IW. Cytoadherence and the Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocyte. Methods Cell Biol 1995; 45:193-210. [PMID: 7707986 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)61852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Crandall
- Department of Biology, University of California at Riverside 92521
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17
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Purification of the major substrate for palmitoylation in rat adipocytes: N-terminal homology with CD36 and evidence for cell surface acylation. J Lipid Res 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)35741-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Yamamoto N, Akamatsu N, Yamazaki H, Tanoue K. Normal aggregations of glycoprotein IV (CD36)-deficient platelets from seven healthy Japanese donors. Br J Haematol 1992; 81:86-92. [PMID: 1381610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1992.tb08177.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Since glycoprotein IV (GPIV) has been shown to play an important role in the interaction of platelets with collagen and thrombospondin, the aggregation and secretion of GPIV-deficient platelets were examined. Using a binding assay with monoclonal 125I-OKM5 antibody against CD36 antigen and crossed immunoelectrophoresis of the solubilized platelets against anti-GPIV antibody, the platelets from seven (4.1%) out of 170 healthy Japanese donors were found to be deficient in GPIV. The GPIV-deficient platelets showed normal aggregations in response to collagen as well as ADP, epinephrine, arachidonic acid and thrombin in comparison with GPIV-positive platelets. Polyclonal anti-GPIV antibody aggregated GPIV-positive platelets but not the GPIV-negative ones. The F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-GPIV antibody competitively inhibited the anti-GPIV-induced aggregation, but did not affect the collagen-induced aggregation of GPIV-positive platelets. These results suggest that the deficiency of GPIV does not affect platelet aggregability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
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