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Villalonga ML, Díez P, Sánchez A, Gamella M, Pingarrón JM, Villalonga R. Neoglycoenzymes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:4868-917. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400290x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Díez
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Sánchez
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gamella
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Pingarrón
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Cantoblanco Universitary City, 28049-Madrid, Spain
| | - Reynaldo Villalonga
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA
Nanoscience, Cantoblanco Universitary City, 28049-Madrid, Spain
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2
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Di Stefano G, Busi C, Mattioli A, Derenzini M, Trerè D, Fiume L. Inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA of rat regenerating liver by 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine coupled to lactosaminated poly-L-lysine. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 57:793-9. [PMID: 10075085 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(98)00359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The expression of asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) on human hepatocarcinoma cells might be exploited to reduce the extrahepatic toxicity of DNA synthesis inhibitors by their conjugation with galactosyl- terminating peptides. We conjugated 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine (dFdC), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis active on solid tumors, with lactosaminated poly-L-lysine (L-poly(LYS)). In experiments in vitro, L-poly(LYS)-dFdC inhibited proliferation of Hep G2 cells, a human hepatocarcinoma cell line which maintains the ASGP-R. Inhibition was rescued by asialofetuin. To study the pharmacological action of the conjugate in vivo, we used rats 18-24 hr after 2/3 hepatectomy and observed that regenerating hepatocytes expressed ASGP-R on their surface and internalized L-poly(LYS)-dFdC. Conjugate uptake by bone marrow, spleen, and intestine was negligible. We also found that L-poly(LYS)-dFdC inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA of regenerating liver. These results indicated that hepatectomized rats were a suitable animal model to study the pharmacological action, on DNA-synthesizing hepatocytes, of conjugates binding to ASGP-R and carrying inhibitors of DNA synthesis. L-poly(LYS)-dFdC also inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation in bone marrow, spleen, and intestine. Evidence was obtained that inhibition of DNA synthesis in extrahepatic tissues was a consequence of drug release from hepatocytes into blood-stream after the bond with the carrier has been broken down within liver cells. Possible ways of reducing the exit of dFdC from liver cells, thereby obtaining an inhibition of DNA synthesis restricted to dividing hepatocytes, were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Stefano
- Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Italy
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3
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Stehle G, Sinn H, Wunder A, Schrenk HH, Stewart JC, Hartung G, Maier-Borst W, Heene DL. Plasma protein (albumin) catabolism by the tumor itself--implications for tumor metabolism and the genesis of cachexia. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 1997; 26:77-100. [PMID: 9298326 DOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(97)00015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Stehle
- I. Department of Medicine, Faculty for Clinical Medicine, Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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4
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Fiume L, Busi C, Corzani S, Di Stefano G, Gervasi GB, Mattioli A. Organ distribution of a conjugate of adenine arabinoside monophosphate with lactosaminated albumin in the rat. J Hepatol 1994; 20:681-2. [PMID: 7520924 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(05)80363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Fiume L, Betts CM, Busi C, Corzani S, Derenzini M, Di Stefano G, Mattioli A. The pathogenesis of vacuoles produced in rat and mouse liver cells by a conjugate of adenine arabinoside monophosphate with lactosaminated albumin. J Hepatol 1992; 15:314-22. [PMID: 1447497 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8278(92)90062-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A conjugate of adenine arabinoside monophosphate with lactosaminated albumin produced vacuoles in hepatic cells of rats and mice when given at doses 5-10 times higher than that (35 mg/kg) capable of inhibiting hepatitis B virus replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The vacuoles were due to the swelling of secondary lysosomes probably caused by incapacity of the lysosomal enzymes to rapidly digest large amounts of conjugate into products able to cross the lysosomal membrane. Although vacuoles progressively disappeared when conjugate administration was discontinued, the present observation suggests caution in giving the conjugate to man at daily doses higher than 35 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fiume
- Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Italy
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7
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Andersson C, Iresjö BM, Lundholm K. Identification of tissue sites for increased albumin degradation in sarcoma-bearing mice. J Surg Res 1991; 50:156-62. [PMID: 1990221 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(91)90240-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasma albumin concentration declines in both experimental and clinical cancer. Previous investigations have demonstrated that this is partly explained by increased breakdown of albumin. The present study has identified the tissue sites for increased albumin degradation in a nonmetastasizing sarcoma mouse (C57/BL6J) model. Results have been compared to nontumor-bearing animals either freely fed or food restricted (pair-weighed) so that their body composition was similar to tumor-bearing animals. Tumor-bearing mice had increased albumin degradation (0.13 +/- 0.02 mg/hr/g bw) compared to both freely fed (0.09 +/- 0.007) and pair-weighed control animals (0.05 +/- 0.008). Radioactivity from circulating [3H]raffine aldehyde labeled albumin appeared with maximum peak values in lysosomes isolated from both tumor and nontumor tissues at 48 hr following iv injection. The intralysosomal accumulation of radioactivity was two- to threefold higher in tumor tissue compared to liver tissue, although the specific activity of protease(s) for albumin degradation measured in vitro was not higher in tumor tissue (30.4 +/- 3.6 mg/hr/g tissue) compared to normal liver tissue (36.9 +/- 1.7). Accounting for the entire tumor the proteolytic capacity for albumin breakdown was however much larger in the tumor (161.6 +/- 32.6 mg/organ) compared to both normal liver (37.5 +/- 2.3) and tumor-host liver (56.4 +/- 2.8). Pepstatin inhibited 78 +/- 6% of the proteolytic activity in the tumor measured by 125I-labeled undenatured mouse albumin as the substrate. Leupeptin inhibited 49 +/- 6%. There was a significantly decreased breakdown of albumin in both skeletal muscles and the gastrointestinal tract from tumor-bearing animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- C Andersson
- Department of Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Sweden
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8
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Andersson C, Lönnroth C, Moldawer LL, Ternell M, Lundholm K. Increased degradation of albumin in cancer is not due to conformational or chemical modifications in the albumin molecule. J Surg Res 1990; 49:23-9. [PMID: 2359290 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(90)90105-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study has evaluated whether increased albumin degradation in a tumor-bearing host is dependent on previously recognized chemical and environmental modifications in the albumin molecule as observed by others and ourselves. For the purpose, adult sarcoma-bearing mice with increased albumin degradation and electrophoretic heterogeneity were used and compared to freely fed (FF) or food restricted control animals. Food restricted control animals such as pair-fed (PF) and pair-weighed (PW) served to match the anorexia and malnutrition observed in tumor-bearing animals. The serum albumin concentration was decreased (P less than 0.05) in tumor-bearing animals (33 +/- 5 g/liter) compared to pair-fed (40 +/- 3), pair-weighed (41 +/- 4), and freely fed control mice (43 +/- 3). Isoelectric focusing of plasma between pH 3 and 10 and pH 4 and 6.5 confirmed a different isoelectric point for albumin in tumor-bearing animals compared to control animals. Albumin degradation was 33% higher in tumor-bearing mice compared to freely fed controls (P less than 0.01). Tumor-bearing animals had also significantly increased turnover of albumin compared to all control animals (0.13 +/- 0.022 mg/hr/g animal vs 0.05 +/- 0.008 mg/hr/g in PW; 0.08 +/- 0.009 in PF, and 0.09 +/- 0.007 in FF). The acidic fraction of albumin had a more rapid fractional turnover than the more basic components in both tumor-bearing and control animals. However, both the anodal and the cathodal albumin in tumor-bearing mice had a higher turnover compared with corresponding fractions of albumin from control animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- C Andersson
- Department of Surgery, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Inulin-125I-tyramine, an improved residualizing label for studies on sites of catabolism of circulating proteins. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Makover A, Moriwaki H, Ramakrishnan R, Saraiva MJ, Blaner WS, Goodman DS. Plasma transthyretin. Tissue sites of degradation and turnover in the rat. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)68346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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11
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Kelleher FM, Bhavanandan VP. Preparation and characterization of beta-D-fructofuranosyl O-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl uronic acid)-(1----6)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and O-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl uronic acid)-(1----6)-D-glucose. Carbohydr Res 1986; 155:89-97. [PMID: 3791303 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
beta-D-Fructofuranosyl O-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl uronic acid)-(1----6)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (3) was prepared by treating raffinose with D-galactose oxidase, followed by hypoiodite oxidation of the resulting aldehyde. Mild acid hydrolysis of 3 gave O-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl uronic acid)-(1----6)-D-glucose.
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12
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13
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Danielson SJ, Gray GR. Immunochemical characterization of polylysine conjugates containing reductively aminated cellulose oligosaccharides. Glycoconj J 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01049505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Daugherty A, Thorpe SR, Lange LG, Sobel BE, Schonfeld G. Loci of catabolism of beta-very low density lipoprotein in vivo delineated with a residualizing label, 125I-dilactitol tyramine. J Biol Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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McElligott MA, Miao P, Dice JF. Lysosomal degradation of ribonuclease A and ribonuclease S-protein microinjected into the cytosol of human fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)38974-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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16
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van 't Hooft FM, Dallinga-Thie GM, van Tol A. Leupeptin as a tool for the detection of the sites of catabolism of rat high-density lipoprotein apolipoproteins A-I and E. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985; 834:75-84. [PMID: 2579677 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(85)90178-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Leupeptin, an inhibitor of lysosomal cathepsin activity, was injected intravenously into male rats. Tissues obtained from leupeptin-treated animals showed a depressed cathepsin activity when compared with tissues from saline-treated control animals. Leupeptin treatment did not change the hepatic activities and subcellular distribution of marker enzymes for mitochondria, microsomes and plasma membranes. Hepatic lysosomal cathepsin activity was specifically inhibited, but the subcellular distribution of all lysosomal marker enzymes tested was changed, indicating the occurrence of enlarged lysosomes in the leupeptin-treated animals. No significant differences were observed in the serum concentrations of protein, cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids and apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV and E between leupeptin-treated rats and control animals. When radioiodinated asialofetuin was injected intravenously, the radiolabel was retained for an extended period of time in the liver of leupeptin-treated animals, indicating diminished catabolism of this protein in the liver. When rat high-density lipoprotein, labelled specifically in the apolipoprotein A-I or E moiety was injected intravenously, only the kidneys and the liver showed a leupeptin-induced accumulation of radioactivity. These studies provide evidence for an important contribution of the kidneys and the liver to the in vivo catabolism of high-density lipoprotein apolipoproteins, using a method completely different from sugar-containing labelling compounds.
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17
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Daugherty A, Schonfeld G. Roles of lipoproteins in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. Pharmacol Ther 1985; 31:237-55. [PMID: 3916392 DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(85)90024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kuranda MJ, Aronson NN. Tissue locations for the turnover of radioactively labeled rat orosomucoid in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 224:526-33. [PMID: 6870278 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Tissues involved in the turnover of rat serum orosomucoid were identified by methods designed to cause lysosomal trapping of radiolabel at the sites of glycoprotein degradation. 125I-, [3H]Raffinose-, and [1-14C]glucosamine-labeled orosomucoid exhibited serum half-lives of 20, 20, and 27 h when injected intravenously into rats. As expected, the asialo derivative of [3H]raffinose-labeled rat orosomucoid was lost very rapidly from the circulation and recovered quantitatively in the liver within 30 min. At 50 h after injection of [3H]raffinose-asialo-orosomucoid the liver retained 38% of the radioactivity while the remainder was found in the gastrointestinal tract and urine. Chromatography of the urine on Bio-Gel P-4 revealed a single radioactive product that eluted similar to raffinose-lysine. The same material was found in the liver. This ability of the [3H]raffinose label to resist metabolic disposal was used to evaluate tissue catabolism of native rat orosomucoid. Comparison of the tissue radioactivity in experiments using 125I- and [3H]raffinose-labeled derivatives of the nondesialylated glycoprotein showed kidney, liver, and muscle to be most active in 3H accumulation. However, the [3H]raffinose metabolites excreted in the urine was markedly different from those produced from asialo-orosomucoid and in contrast there was minimal loss of label to the gastrointestinal tract from the native substrate. Leupeptin, an inhibitor of lysosomal thiol cathespins, was administered continuously to rats by a subcutaneous osmotic pump. At 24 h after injection of 125I-orosomucoid, leupeptin-treated rats showed a net 16% increase in tissue radioactivity above sham-operated animals and a corresponding decrease occurred in the radioactivity associated with the gastrointestinal tract and urine. Tissues that exhibited increases in radioactivity were kidney, muscle, liver, and hide. The different behavior of labeled native and asialo-orosomucoids suggests that the hepatic galactose receptor system plays, at most, a limited role in maintaining homeostasis of the native glycoprotein.
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19
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Neoglycoproteins. Preparation and in vivo clearance of serum albumin derivatives containing ovalbumin oligosaccharides. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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20
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Ponpipom MM, Bugianesi RL, Robbins JC. Synthesis and carbon-13 n.m.r. spectroscopy of Man3 Lys2-raffinose conjugate. Carbohydr Res 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)80783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Gordon PB, Seglen PO. 6-substituted purines: a novel class of inhibitors of endogenous protein degradation in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 217:282-94. [PMID: 6889839 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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22
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Henderson LA, Baynes JW, Thorpe SR. Identification of the sites of IgG catabolism in the rat. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 215:1-11. [PMID: 7092219 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(82)90272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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23
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Attie AD, Pittman RC, Steinberg D. Hepatic catabolism of low density lipoprotein: mechanisms and metabolic consequences. Hepatology 1982; 2:269-81. [PMID: 6279484 DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Aplin JD, Wriston JC. Preparation, properties, and applications of carbohydrate conjugates of proteins and lipids. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1981; 10:259-306. [PMID: 7018830 DOI: 10.3109/10409238109113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
As a result of the growing awareness of the involvement of the oligosaccharide moieties of glycoproteins and glycolipids in cell surface recognition and binding phenomena, a wide variety of methods have been developed, many quite recently, for preparing glycoconjugates. The chemical methods used for the attachment of sugars and certain hydrophilic polymers (e.g., polyethylene glycol) are discussed, as are the effects of such modifications on various properties of the protein (immune response, thermal stability and resistance to proteolysis, clearance, and specific binding to cell surface receptors). Enzymatic approaches to glycoconjugate preparation are also considered, and several examples are given of the preparation of model glycolipids, useful in studying cell surface phenomena. In a final section, three areas are considered in which rapid advances seem likely to occur: improved methods for the preparation of glycoconjugates; direct modification of cell surface glycoconjugates; and modification for the purpose of studying location and environment of membrane glycoconjugates.
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26
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Carbohydrate-mediated clearance of immune complexes from the circulation. A role for galactose residues in the hepatic uptake of IgG-antigen complexes. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)43646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Day J, Thornburg R, Thorpe S, Baynes J. Carbohydrate-mediated clearance of antibody . antigen complexes from the circulation. The role of high mannose oligosaccharides in the hepatic uptake of IgM . antigen complexes. J Biol Chem 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)85899-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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28
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Radiolabeled sucrose covalently linked to protein. A device for quantifying degradation of plasma proteins catabolized by lysosomal mechanisms. J Biol Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)50256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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