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Subirana JA. Deoxyribonucleoprotein from sea urchin sperm: Preparation and thermal denaturation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070300166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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2
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Simpson RT. Structure and function of chromatin. ADVANCES IN ENZYMOLOGY AND RELATED AREAS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 38:41-108. [PMID: 4582788 DOI: 10.1002/9780470122839.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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3
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Moreau N, Angelier N, Lautredou N. Relocalization of an 82-kDa protein from lampbrush loops into the nucleoskeleton during amphibian oogenesis. Dev Genes Evol 1990; 199:181-187. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01681492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/1990] [Accepted: 07/20/1990] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Wei YF, Morgan JE, Matthews HR. Studies of histidine phosphorylation by a nuclear protein histidine kinase show that histidine-75 in histone H4 is masked in nucleosome core particles and in chromatin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1989; 268:546-50. [PMID: 2643923 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(89)90321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone H4 is a good substrate in vitro for the protein histidine kinase activity found both in Physarum polycephalum nuclear extracts and in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell extracts. However, histone H4 in nucleosome core particles is not a substrate for these kinases. Isolated chromatin was also not a substrate for the protein histidine kinase. The results significantly limit possible interpretations of histidine phosphorylation on histone H4 in vivo and provide a new, sharper focus for future work. In addition, a polynucleotide kinase activity was identified in the Physarum extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Wei
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis 95616
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Huebner VD, Matthews HR. Phosphorylation of histidine in proteins by a nuclear extract of Physarum polycephalum plasmodia. J Biol Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Voets R, Lagrou A, Hilderson H, Van Dessel G, Dierick W. Characterization and transcription of bovine thyroid chromatin. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 15:87-94. [PMID: 6825907 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(83)90015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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8
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Tas J, James J. Quantitative cytochemistry of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins using the Naphthol Yellow S and dinitrofluorobenzene staining methods. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1981; 13:711-6. [PMID: 7298374 DOI: 10.1007/bf01003283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The 'total protein staining' of biological specimens with the electrostatically binding Naphthol Yellow S or the covalently binding dinitrofluorobenzene must be interpreted as methods which yield data on the specific amino acid pool of the proteins concerned. Both dyes bind to certain free amino-acid side-chains, giving different dye--protein ratios for various proteins. In the presence of DNA, dinitrofluorobenzene stains all proteins present in cell nuclei, whereas Naphthol Yellow S only stains the majority of the non-histone proteins. When protein staining methods are combined with the Feulgen--Pararosanile (SO2) procedure for DNA, decreased Feulgen--DNA contents were measured in dinitrofluorobenzene-stained isolated nuclei and lymphocytes.
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Blat C, Harel L, Villaudy J, Golde A. Effect of transformation of chicken cells by Rous sarcoma virus on in vitro phosphorylation of nuclear non-histone proteins. Exp Cell Res 1981; 134:121-8. [PMID: 6265250 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(81)90469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Abstract
Nuclei isolated from skeletal muscle of 15-day-old chick embryos, adult chickens, rabbits and from rat liver contain on the average 8-18 nmol Ca2+/mg protein. Digestion of nuclei with DNAase I and RNAase at 37 degrees C for 8--12 h reduced the Ca2+ binding by more than 90%. After nuclease treatment, Ca2+-binding proteins were identified in the nonhistone chromosomal protein fractions and in the insoluble residue by equilibrium dialysis and centrifuge transport, in media of 0.1 M KCl and 1 mM MgCl2. The interaction of Ca2+-binding proteins with chromatin may be of importance in the regulation of the gene expression in response to changes in cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic free-Ca2+ concentration.
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Abstract
The chemical action and practical application of the Naphthol Yellow S, Alkaline Fast Green, Coomassie Brilliant Blue, Dinitrofluorobenzene and some lesser known protein staining methods have been surveyed with respect to their potentialities for quantitative cytochemical analyses. None of the dyes can be said to bind to any specific protein or group of proteins, but each may be used to analyse the presence of one or more particular amino acid residues. For the cytophotometric measurement of the 'total protein content' of individual cells and cell organelles the covalent binding Dinitrofluorobenzene and the electrostatic binding Naphthol Yellow S can properly be used. Fast Green FCF, applied at alkaline pH, binds electrostatically to the basic amino acid side chains of strongly basic proteins only but not in a quantitative (stoichiometrical) way. Coomassie Brilliant Blue, recently introduced to protein cytochemistry, may be useful for quantitative purposes. The combined Feulgen-Pararosaniline(SO2)/Naphthol Yellow S and Dinitrofluorobenzene/Feulgen-Pararosaniline(SO2) methods enable the simultaneous cytophotometric analysis at two different wavelengths for protein and DNA within the same microscopical preparation.
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Mercier L, Samperez S, Jouan P. Nuclear binding of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone in the male rat pituitary: evidence for two binding forms. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 10:401-10. [PMID: 449316 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(79)90327-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Hesslinger H, Pollow K. A new high sensitive analytical micro-scale procedure for chromosomal proteins. Mol Biol Rep 1978; 4:171-5. [PMID: 739984 DOI: 10.1007/bf00777519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing male rat liver cells we describe a method for isolating and fractionating chromosomal proteins. About 99% of chromosomal proteins was dissociated using a three step dissociation procedure. DNA was removed by sedimentation and the histone fractions were separated from the non-histone chromosomal proteins by Bio Rex 70 chromatography. The non-histone chromosomal proteins were fractionated by micro-gradient electrophoresis on SDS-polyacrylamide gels, which proved to be superior to the electrophoretic procedures currently in use. The histones were further separated on polyacrylamide-SDS slab gels using a micro-two-dimensional electrophoretic system. The high resolution of these fractionation procedures greatly enhances the possibility of observing small changes in proteins which may play a role in gene regulation.
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Decker JM, Marchalonis JJ. Molecular events in lymphocyte activation: role of nonhistone chromosomal proteins in regulating gene expression. CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY 1978; 7:365-413. [PMID: 215379 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-0779-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Chen CC, Bruegger BB, Kern CW, Lin YC, Halpern RM, Smith RA. Phosphorylation of nuclear proteins in rat regenerating liver. Biochemistry 1977; 16:4852-5. [PMID: 20941 DOI: 10.1021/bi00641a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In studies of the phosphorylated proteins in rat liver and Walker-256, it was established that the ratio of various fractions of P-N linkages to P-O linkages varies from 0.6 to 3.1. In rat regenerating liver nuclei, the ratio of P-N and P-O varies with time after partial hepatectomy. Using [3H]-lysine and 32Pi, it is shown that phosphoryllysine forms in some new and, presumably, some preexisting H1 molecules. Using [3H]histidine and 32Pi, it is shown that phosphohistidine forms exclusively in preexisting H4. The half-life of H4 phosphohistidine appears to be about 2 h.
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17
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Duprat A, Mathieu C, Buisan J. Effects of Non-histone Chromosomal Proteins on Primary Embryonic Induction and Cytodifferentiation in Salamanders. Differentiation 1977. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1977.tb01530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brown TD, Rickwood D, MacGillivray AJ, Klein G. Solubilisation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nuclear antigen from Raji cells and chromatin by treatment with various molarities of NaCl. Cancer Lett 1977; 3:151-6. [PMID: 198113 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(77)95187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The solubilisation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) by treatment with various molarities of NaCl was investigated using the 125I--IgG absorption assay. Ninety percent of the antigenic activity detected using the 125I--IgG absorption assay was insoluble at 0.15 M NaCl. It could be rendered soluble by treatment with 2.0 M NaCl, but reprecipitated upon return to 0.15 M NaCl. EBNA was partially extracted from Raji chromatin by treatment with 0.35 M NaCl. The efficiency of extraction was increased by homogenisation in 2.0 M NaCl followed by dialysis to 0.35 M NaCl. The data demonstrate the close association of EBNA with Raji chromatin and suggest that it may be a chromatin-associated non-histone protein.
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Roy P, Biswas BB. A receptor protein for indoleacetic acid from plant chromatin and its role in transcription. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977; 74:1597-606. [PMID: 843381 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)90625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Parker MG, Sheehan DM, O'Malley BW. Effects of estrogen on gene expression in the chick oviduct. Isolation and fractionation of chromatin non-histone proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 454:138-53. [PMID: 990317 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(76)90361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-histones isolated from hen oviduct chromatin have been fractionated by a variety of methods. Chromatin was dissociated in 2 M NaC1, 5 M Urea, 0.1% beta-mercaptoethanol and 0.01 M Tris - HC1, pH 8.3, and the DNA removed by ultracentrifugation. After desalting by gel filtration the chromatin proteins were separated into three distinct fractions by stepwise elution with 0.10 M NaC1, 0.25 M Na C1 and 15% guanidine - HC1 from Bio-Rex 70 columns. Fractions I and II contain only non-histones and Fraction III contains histones plus a small amount of non-histones. Further fractionation of the non-histones was achieved by ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography for Fraction I and phosphocellulose chromatography and gel filtration on Bio-Gel A-15 m for Fraction II. The histone and non-histones present in Fraction III were separated by gel filtration on Bio-Gel A-0.5 m. All fractionation methods have been used preparatively with reasonable recoveries of protein (greater than or equal to 60%). The fractions have been characterized by acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The integrity of the histones was maintained during the fractionation procedure indicating that proteolytic degradation was unlikely to have occurred. There was no selective loss of chromatin proteins during the ultracentrifugation and desalting steps and the non-histones were separated into distinct fractions with enrichment of some species not apparent prior to fractionation of the chromatin proteins.
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Burdman JA, Szijan I. Effect of acidic deoxyribonucleoproteins from brain on DNA synthesis in vitro. J Neurochem 1976; 26:1245-51. [PMID: 932728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb07013.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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24
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Umansky SR, Zotova RN, Kovalev YI. Comparison of some properties of chromatin non-histone proteins and nuclear sap proteins. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 65:503-12. [PMID: 949980 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10366.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The properties of rat liver and thymus non-histone and nuclear sap proteins were compared. The distribution of total, labile-bound and 0.35 M NaCl extractable non-histone proteins from one organ on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate is quite similar. On electrophoresis non-labelled and 32P-labelled non-histone and nuclear sap proteins from one organ differ from one another both qualitatively and quantitatively. We did not find an appreciable difference between non-labelled non-histone proteins isolated from liver and thymus. The distribution of 32P-labelled non-histone proteins from various organs differs quantitatively rather than qualitatively. Non-labelled and 32P-labelled nuclear sap proteins from liver and thymus differ significantly. 'Free' nuclear sap proteins and the proteins of ribonucleoprotein particles from thymus nuclei contain a great quantity of identical polypeptides, whereas other polypeptides are specific to each of these protein fractions. Upon incubation of nuclei with [gamma-32P]ATP the label is incorporated into all the fractions of nuclear protein. The nuclear proteins are phosphorylated at decreasing rates in the order: labile-bound non-histone proteins greater than firmly bound non-histone proteins greater than 'free' nuclear sap proteins = proteins of ribonucleoprotein particles greater than histones. Nuclear sap and non-histone proteins contain protein kinases capable of phosphorylating both these proteins and histones. Histone phosphorylation is sharply inhibited after addition of DNA, the protein kinases of nuclear sap phosphorylating less effectively the histones complexed with DNA than the non-histone proteins. Both non-histone and nuclear sap proteins contain fractions interacting in vitro with DNA. Denatured DNA binds twice as much 32P-labelled nuclear sap proteins and a little more 32P-labelled non-histone proteins than native DNA. Denatured DNA binds non-histone and nuclear sap proteins much more effectively than native DNA. It was shown by the membrane filter technique that the major part of the nuclear sap and non-histone proteins interacting with native DNA binds to it non-specifically. A certain portion of non-histone and nuclear sap proteins interacts specifically with homologous denatured DNA. The possible role of non-histone and nuclear sap proteins in the regulation of transcription is discussed.
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25
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Chilina AR, Chang M, Ives DH, Koestner A. A new method for the isolation of eukaryotic nuclear proteins. Anal Biochem 1976; 72:552-65. [PMID: 942076 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Bhorjee JS, Pederson T. Chromosomal proteins: tightly bound nucleic acid and its bearing on the measurement of nonhistone protein phosphorylation. Anal Biochem 1976; 71:393-404. [PMID: 179446 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2697(76)80005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Nyberg LM, Wang TY. The role of the androgen-binding nonhistone proteins in the transcription of prostatic chromatin. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 7:267-73. [PMID: 180341 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(76)90126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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28
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Bearden J, Chandra T. DNA-cellulose column chromatography of phosphorylated nucleolar nonhistone proteins. Mol Cell Biochem 1976; 10:3-9. [PMID: 175259 DOI: 10.1007/bf01731675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A salt-extraction procedure was used to isolate a nucleolar nonhistone protein fraction, containing [32P]phosphoserine, from the nucleoli of Novikoff hepatoma ascites cells. These proteins are similar in amino-acid composition to whole nuclear (chromosomal) nonhistone proteins. DNA-cellulose column chromatography showed that this fraction contains DNA-binding phosphoproteins, some of which will bind only to homologous (Novikoff) nucleolar or nuclear DNA.
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29
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Mathieu C, Ferrer P, Dupuy MH, Zalta JP. Autoradiographic study of the penetration of non-histone chromatin proteins into differentiating cells. EXPERIENTIA 1976; 32:47-8. [PMID: 174937 DOI: 10.1007/bf01932616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Attention has previously been drawn to a specific effect of NHCP on embryonic Pleurodeles cell differentiation. With a modified NHCP labelling technique, autoradiography has revealed a cytoplasmic concentration of labelled NHCP and has not revealed any difference between homospecific and heterospecific NHCP penetration.
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30
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Duprat AM, Beetschen JC, Mathieu C, Zalta JP. Effets Inhibiteurs de Prot�ines Chromatiniennes non Histoniques Homosp�cifiques, sur la Morphogen�se d'Embryons d'Amphibiens Urod�les. Dev Genes Evol 1976; 179:111-124. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00848297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/1975] [Accepted: 11/26/1975] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Jeter JR, Pavlat WA, Cameron IL. Changes in the nuclear acidic proteins and chromatin structure in starved and refed tetrahymena. Exp Cell Res 1975; 93:79-88. [PMID: 806456 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(75)90425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Fugassa E, Taningher M, Gallo G, Orunesu M. Stimulation of nuclear protein kinase activity in rat liver induced by the administration of 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3). EXPERIENTIA 1975; 31:522-3. [PMID: 1140244 DOI: 10.1007/bf01932434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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33
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Monahan JJ, Hall RH. Preparational of chromatin from tissue culture cells--a convenient method. Anal Biochem 1975; 65:187-203. [PMID: 1130676 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(75)90504-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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34
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Umansky SR, Kovalev YI, Tokarskaya VI. Specific interaction of chromatin non-histone proteins with DNA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 383:242-54. [PMID: 1115801 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(75)90053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of different preparations of chromatin non-histone proteins of rat liver and thymus with homologous and heterologous DNA was studied. It is shown by the method of fixation of non-histone proteins-DNA complexes on nitrocellulose filters that: (1) all the non-histone proteins preparations studied form complexes with DNA in 0.02 M Tris--HCl (pH 7.5)--3 mM MgCl2; (2) the main part of non-histone proteins interacting with DNA binds to it non-specifically; (3) a small part of non-histone proteins interacts specifically with the homologous native DNA in 5 M urea; (4) both homologous and heterologous denatured DNA binds non-histone proteins more effectively than the native one; (5) the specific interaction of non-histone proteins with the homologous denatured DNA is observed both without urea and in its presence. The specific interaction of a small part of non-histone proteins with the homologous native and denatured DNA is also shown by the method of non-histone proteins chromatography on polyacrylamide--agarose columns containing DNA. The data obtained are discussed in the light of the possible non-histone proteins role in the specific regulation of the transcription process.
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36
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Hacha R, Fredericq E. Preparation and some properties of strongly acidic proteins from calf-thymus nucleohistone. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 52:83-92. [PMID: 1172465 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb03975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The isolation of acidic proteins from calf-thymus nucleohistone (starting from purified nuclei) is reported. The method involved dissociation in 1 M KCl solution. Denaturating agents were not used at all. After electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, fractions containing a small number of components were obtained. The fractions display high ratios of acidic to basic amino acids, the ratios ranging from 4.0 to 1.5. In all fractions, the major components were of molecular weights in the ranges 12000-15000 and 24000-28000 as determined by gel-disc electrophoresis in dodecylsulphate and by equilibrium ultracentrifugation. Minor components of high molecular weights were also present. Amino-acid analyses are also reported. The tryptophan content was determined by a fluorometric method. Circular dichroism spectra depict a very low content of alpha-helicity that did not increase at higher ionic strength. A marked RNA-polymerase activity was found in one fraction.
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37
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Ahmed K, Wilson MJ. Chromatin-associated protein phosphokinases of rat ventral prostate. Characteristics and effects of androgenic status. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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38
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Monahan JJ, Hall RH. A high molecular weight RNA fraction in chromatin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 383:40-55. [PMID: 1168079 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(75)90244-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing a new chromatin isolation and fractionation technique we have obtained a high molecular weight RNA fraction from L-929 cell chromatin. The synthesis of this RNA is not greatly inhibited by concentrations of 0.04 mug/ml actinomycin D in the medium. Its synthesis appears to be strongly inhibited by 2 mug/ml of alpha-amanitin. The RNA appears to be quickly degraded (or removed from the chromatin) and does not contain a poly(A) sequence at its 3'-OH terminal end. Our working hypothesis is that this RNA is "nascent" heterogenous nuclear RNA partially transcribed from regions of the chromatin.
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39
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Rickwood D, MacGillivray AJ. Improved techniques for the fractionation of non-histone proteins of chromatin on hydroxyapatite. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 51:593-601. [PMID: 1149742 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb03961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the dissociation medium on the fractionation of chromatin on hydroxyapatite has been studied. Optimal separations of the histones and non-histone protein are only achieved when columns are run in buffers containing high concentrations of sodium ions. We have modified our previously published method such that the chromosomal proteins can be recovered in virtually quantitative yields. Each of the hydroxyapatite fractions has been analysed with respect to nucleic acid content and the proteins have been analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
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40
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41
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van der Westhuyzen DR, Böhm EL, von Holt C. Fractionation of chicken erythrocyte whole histone into the six main components by gel exclusion chromatography. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 359:341-5. [PMID: 4852082 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(74)90233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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42
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de Morales MM, Blat C, Harel L. Changes in the phosphorylation of non-histone chromosomal proteins in relationship to DNA and RNA synthesis in BHK21C13 cells. Exp Cell Res 1974; 86:111-9. [PMID: 4857500 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(74)90655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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43
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Bekhor I, Lapeyre JN, Kim J. Fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins isolated from rabbit liver and submandibular salivary glands. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(74)90228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Sanders LA. Isolation and characterization of the non-histone chromosomal proteins of developing avian erythroid cells. Biochemistry 1974; 13:527-34. [PMID: 4810064 DOI: 10.1021/bi00700a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Monahan JJ, Hall RH. Chromatin, and gene regulation in eukaryotic cells at the transcriptional level. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 2:67-112. [PMID: 4360087 DOI: 10.3109/10409237409105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Machlus BJ, Wilson JE, Glassman E. Brain phosphoproteins: the effect of short experiences on the phosphorylation of nuclear proteins of rat brain. BEHAVIORAL BIOLOGY 1974; 10:43-62. [PMID: 4815143 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6773(74)91664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Dewar AJ, Winterburn AK. Metabolism of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins in the visual cortex of sighted rats and rats with retinal degeneration. Exp Neurol 1973; 41:584-98. [PMID: 4759539 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4886(73)90052-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Smtih DL, Bruegger BB, Halpern RM, Smith RA. New histone kinases in nuclei of rat tissues. Nature 1973; 246:103-4. [PMID: 4585848 DOI: 10.1038/246103a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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