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Zhou J, Wu K, Rao CV. Evolutionary engineering of Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius
for improved ethanol production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:2156-67. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 600 S. Mathews Ave Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Kang Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire
| | - Christopher V. Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 600 S. Mathews Ave Urbana Illinois 61801
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Adenosine monophosphate affects competence development and plasmid DNA transformation in Escherichia coli. Curr Microbiol 2013; 67:550-6. [PMID: 23743599 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-013-0400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial plasmid DNA transformation of Escherichia coli induced by calcium chloride is a routine technique in molecular biology and genetic engineering processes, but its mechanism has remained elusive. Because adenosine monophosphate (AMP) has been found to regulate natural transformation in Haemophilus influenza, we aimed to investigate the effects of AMP and its derivatives on E. coli transformation by treating competence with different concentrations of them. Analysis of the transformation efficiencies revealed that AMP inhibited the artificial plasmid DNA transformation of E. coli in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that AMP had no effect on the expression of the transformed gene but that the intracellular AMP level of the competent cells rose after a 6 h treatment. These results suggested that the intracellular AMP level had an important role in E. coli transformation. And these have useful implications for the further investigation of the mechanism of E. coli transformation.
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Abstract
The uptake activity ratio for AMP, ADP, and ATP in mutant (T-1) cells of Escherichia coli W, deficient in de novo purine biosynthesis at a point between IMP and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxiamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), was 1:0.43:0.19. This ratio was approximately equal to the 5'-nucleotidase activity ratio in E. coli W cells. The order of inhibitory effect on [2-³H]ADP uptake by T-1 cells was adenine > adenosine > AMP > ATP. About 2-fold more radioactive purine bases than purine nucleosides were detected in the cytoplasm after 5 min in an experiment with [8-¹⁴C]AMP and T-1 cells. Uptake of [2-³H]adenosine in T-1 cells was inhibited by inosine, but not in mutant (Ad-3) cells of E. coli W, which lacked adenosine deaminase and adenylosuccinate lyase. These experiments suggest that AMP, ADP, and ATP are converted mainly to adenine and hypoxanthine via adenosine and inosine before uptake into the cytoplasm by E. coli W cells.
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Mura U, Di Martino D, Leporini C, Gini S, Camici M, Ipata PL. Phosphorylase-mediated mobilization of the amino group of adenine in Bacillus cereus. Arch Biochem Biophys 1987; 259:466-72. [PMID: 3122663 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(87)90513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization of the ribose moiety of purine nucleosides as well as of the amino group of adenine may be realized in Bacillus cereus by the concerted action of three enzymes: adenosine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase, and purine nucleoside phosphorylase. In this pathway, ribose-1-phosphate and inorganic phosphate act catalytically, being continuously regenerated by purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine phosphorylase, respectively. As a result of such a metabolic pathway, adenine is quantitatively converted into hypoxanthine, thus overcoming the lack of adenase in B. cereus.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Mura
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Laboratori di Biochimica, Pisa, Italy
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Huang P, Plunkett W. Phosphorolytic cleavage of 2-fluoroadenine from 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine by Escherichia coli. A pathway for 2-fluoro-ATP production. Biochem Pharmacol 1987; 36:2945-50. [PMID: 3307790 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(87)90207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
2-Fluoroadenine (F-Ade) is a metabolite of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine (F-ara-A) that may be involved in the development of toxic side effects from this anticancer drug. The liberation of F-Ade from F-ara-A has been examined in different biological systems. Extracts of Escherichia coli but not mammalian cells or tissues catalyzed the conversion of F-ara-A to F-Ade with apparent Km and Vmax values of 1350 microM and 7.7 nmol/min/mg protein respectively. This reaction depended on the presence of phosphate and was inhibited by purine nucleosides in a competitive manner, indicating that the enzyme responsible for the conversion is purine nucleoside phosphorylase. After incubation of intact bacteria with 100 microM [3H]F-ara-A, [3H]F-Ade was the same percentage of cellular radioactivity as in the medium, but it was only one-tenth the concentration of F-ara-A in the cells. In contrast, the cellular concentration of 2-fluoro-ATP was 20-fold greater than that of F-ara-A-5'-triphosphate. These results suggest that F-ara-A entered the bacteria intact and was phosphorolytically cleaved to liberate F-Ade, which would have been either anabolized to the toxic triphosphate or excreted. The latter pathway would provide a route by which F-Ade might be absorbed into the host circulation.
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Ipata PL, Gini S, Tozzi MG. In vitro 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate-independent salvage biosynthesis of ribo- and deoxyriboadenine nucleotides in Bacillus cereus. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1985; 842:84-9. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(85)90297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Foret M, Ahlers J. Interconversion and uptake of nucleotides, nucleosides, and purine bases by the marine bacterium MB22. J Bacteriol 1982; 150:471-82. [PMID: 7068527 PMCID: PMC216391 DOI: 10.1128/jb.150.2.471-482.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole cells and isolated membranes of the marine bacterium MB22 converted nucleotides present in the external medium rapidly into nucleosides and then into bases. Nucleosides and purine bases formed were taken up by distinct transport systems. We found a high-affinity common transport system for adenine, guanine, and hypoxanthine, with a Km of 40 nM. This system was inhibited noncompetitively by purine nucleosides. In addition, two transport systems for nucleosides were present: one for guanosine with a Km of 0.8 microM and another one for inosine and adenosine with a Km of 1.4 microM. The nucleoside transport systems exhibited both mixed and noncompetitive inhibition by different nucleosides other than those translocated; purine and pyrimidine bases had no effect. The transport of nucleosides and purine bases was inhibited by dinitrophenol or azide, thus suggesting that transport is energy dependent. Inside the cell all of the substrates were converted mainly into guanosine, xanthine, and uric acid, but also anabolic products, such as nucleotides and nucleic acids, could be found.
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Tozzi MG, Sgarrella F, Ipata PL. Induction and repression of enzymes involved in exogenous purine compound utilization of Bacillus cereus. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 678:460-6. [PMID: 6274419 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(81)90127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
5'-Nucleotidase, adenosine phosphorylase, adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase, four enzymes involved in the utilization of exogenous compounds in Bacillus cereus, were measured in extracts of this organism grown in different conditions. It was found that adenosine deaminase is inducible by addition of adenine derivatives to the growth medium, and purine, nucleoside phosphorylase by metabolizable purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides. Adenosine deaminase is repressed by inosine, while both enzymes are repressed by glucose. Evidence is presented that during growth of B. cereus in the presence of AMP, the concerted action of 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine phosphorylase, two constitutive enzymes, leads to formation of adenine, and thereby to induction of adenosine deaminase. The ionsine formed would then cause induction of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase and repression of the deaminase. Taken together with our previous findings showing that purine nucleoside phosphorylase of B. cereus acts as a translocase of the ribose moiety of inosine inside the cell (Mura, U., Sgarrella, F. and Ipata, P.L. (1978) J. Biol Chem. 253, 7905-7909), our results provide a clear picture of the molecular events leading to the utilization of the sugar moiety of exogenous AMP, adenosine and inosine as an energy source.
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Roy-Burman S, Visser DW. Uridine and uracil transport in Escherichia coli and transport-deficient mutants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 646:309-19. [PMID: 7028116 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(81)90337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 which are defective in components of transport systems for uracil and uridine were isolated and utilized to characterize the transport mechanism of uracil and uridine. Mutant U-, isolated from a culture of the parent strain, is resistant to 5-fluorouracil and is deficient in the uracil transport system. Mutant UR-, isolated from a culture of the parent strain, is resistant to a low concentration of showdomycin and lacks the capacity to transport intact uridine. Mutant U-UR- isolated from a culture of mutant U-, is resistant to a low concentration of showdomycin and is defective in both uracil and intact uridine transport processes. Mutant UR-R- was isolated from a culture of mutant UR-, and is resistant to a high concentration of showdomycin. This mutant is defective for transport of intact uridine and addition lacks the transport system for the ribose moiety of uridine. Characteristics of uracil and uridine transport in parent and mutant cells demonstrate the existence of specific transport processes for uracil, intact uridine and the uracil and ribose moieties of uridine. Mutants U- and UR-, which are defective for uracil transport, lack uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity and retain a small but significant capacity to transport uracil. The data support the conclusion that uracil is transported by two mechanisms, the major one of which requires uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity, while the other process involves the transport of uracil as such. The characteristics of uridine transport in parent and mutant strains show that, in addition to transport as the intact nucleoside, uridine is rapidly cleaved to the uracil and ribose moieties. The latter is transported into the cell by a process which, in contrast to transport of intact uridine, does not require an energy source. The uracil moiety is released into the medium and is transported by the uracil transport system. Whole cells of the parent and mutant strains differ in their ability to cleave uridine even though cell-free extracts of all the strains have similar uridine phosphorylase activity. The data implicate a uridine cleavage enzyme in a group transport of the ribose moiety of uridine, a process which is nonfunctional in mutants which lack the capacity to transport the ribose moiety of uridine. A common transport component for this process and the transport of intact uridine is indicated by similarities in the inhibitory effects of heterologous nucleosides on these processes.
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Doppler W, Hirsch-Kauffmann M, Schabel F, Schweiger M. Characterization of the biochemical basis of a complete deficiency of the adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT). Hum Genet 1981; 57:404-10. [PMID: 7286981 DOI: 10.1007/bf00281694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the biochemical basis of a complete deficiency of adenine phosphoribosyl transferase (APRT) the enzyme was purified to homogeneity, its properties were characterized, and antibodies raised. The enzyme is indirectly involved in adenine uptake. Apparently, by forming AMP the internal concentration of adenine is kept low allowing it diffusion. The same APRT is present in various tissues as was revealed by antibody inactivations employing anti-erythrocyte APRT as well as by direct enzyme assays in cells from the APRT deficient patient. In vitro cultured fibroblasts derived from this patient had less than 0.02% enzyme activity. No cross-reacting material was found in erythrocytes obtained from an APRT deficient child.
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11
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Hochstadt J, Ozer HL, Shopsis C. Genetic alteration in animal cells in culture. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1981; 94-95:243-308. [PMID: 6171390 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-68120-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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12
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Williams JC, Lee CE, Wild JR. Genetic and biochemical characterization of distinct transport systems for uracil, uridine and cytidine in Salmonella typhimurium. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1980; 178:121-30. [PMID: 6991875 DOI: 10.1007/bf00267220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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Kraupp M, Chiba P, Müller MM. Uptake of adenosine in human erythrocytes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1980; 122B:73-8. [PMID: 546163 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8559-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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14
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Potts L, Dow C. Nucleic acid synthesis during the developmental cycle of theRhodomicrobium vannieliiswarm cell. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1979. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1979.tb03750.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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15
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Schmidt R, Wiegand H, Reichert U. Purification and characterization of the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 93:355-61. [PMID: 371963 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb12830.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purified 9400-fold by affinity chromatography giving rise to an electrophoretically homogeneous preparation. 2. The molecular weight of the enzyme was determined by gel filtration with Sephadex G-100 and by sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. Both methods reveal a molecular weight of 51,000. 3. The enzyme requires Mg2+ and has its pH optimum at 8.5. 4. Isoelectric focussing as well as gel electrophoresis of the purified extract reveals a single band which exhibits enzyme activity. The isoelectric point of the enzyme is 5.1. 5. The enzyme displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics with apparent Michaelis constants for hypoxanthine, guanine and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate of 23 microns, 18 microns, and 50 microns respectively.
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16
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Suhadolnik RJ. Naturally occurring nucleoside and nucleotide antibiotics. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1979; 22:193-291. [PMID: 230535 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Mura U, Sgarrella F, Ipata P. Utilization of exogenous purine compounds in Bacillus cereus. Translocation of the ribose moiety of inosine. J Biol Chem 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)34457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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18
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Witney FR, Taylor MW. Role of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase in adenine uptake in wild-type and APRT- mutants of CHO. Biochem Genet 1978; 16:917-26. [PMID: 743195 DOI: 10.1007/bf00483743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adenine uptake in cultured Chinese hamster fibroblasts showed biphasic saturation kinetics. The transport system was highly specific for adenine and was competitively inhibited by adenosine. Utilizing mutant clones of Chinese hamster fibroblasts that have either reduced or negligible adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) activity, we found that (1) adenine was not accumulated against a concentration gradient in the absence of APRT activity and (2) after rapid initial uptake equal to that of the parent the rates of adenine accumulation found for the mutants correlated strongly with their residual APRT activities. Furthermore, using either artificially depressed phosphoribosylpyrophosphate pool size and APRT activities or the mutants with decreased APRT activity, we found that adenine transport was independent of phosphorylation by APRT. These studies suggest that adenine is transported as the free base by facilitated diffusion and is subsequently phosphorylated by APRT.
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19
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Dieterle Y, Ody C, Ehrensberger A, Stalder H, Junod AF. Metabolism and uptake of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine by porcine aortic and pulmonary endothelial cells and fibroblasts in culture. Circ Res 1978; 42:869-76. [PMID: 657449 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.42.6.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Abstract
A particulate, subcellular fraction of Escherichia coli was shown to promote the growth of host dependent (H-D) Bdellovibrio in the absence of host cells. The growth promoting activity was enhanced by both cations and trypisn, and destroyed by pronase. During the axenic growth unipolar spheres appear in the elongating Bdellovibrio forms. Thymidine monophosphate was more readily incorporated than thymidine into the Bdellovibrio DNA during growth in the host free system.
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Hochstadt J. Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and guanine phosphoribosyltransferase from enteric bacteria. Methods Enzymol 1978; 51:549-58. [PMID: 692401 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(78)51077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Leung KK, Visser DW. Uridine and cytidine transport in Escherichia coli B and transport-deficient mutants. J Biol Chem 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)40485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Cameron JS, Simmonds HA, Cadenhead A, Farebrother D. Metabolism of intravenous adenine in the pig. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1977; 76A:196-205. [PMID: 857616 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-4223-6_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
1. Adenine administered either parenterally or orally is less toxic to the pig than to other species; doses of 100 mg/kg are rapidly catabolised and excreted largely as soluble purine end-products in the urine. 2. The low toxicity is explained by the excretion of less than 1% of the dose as 2,8-dihydroxyadenine. 3. These results suggest that adenine dosages which give rise to kidney damage must be above a threshold-like level which varies in the different mammalian species, and is higher in the pig than in the rat, dog, rabbit or man.
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Li CC, Hochstadt J. Membrane-associated enzymes involved in nucleoside processing by plasma membrane vesicles isolated from L929 cells grown in defined medium. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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27
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Group translocation of the ribose moiety of inosine by vesicles of plasma membrane from T(3 cells transformed by Simian virus 40. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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28
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Seegmiller JE. Inherited deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in X-linked uric aciduria (the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and its variants). ADVANCES IN HUMAN GENETICS 1976; 6:75-163. [PMID: 779428 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8264-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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Quinlan DC, Li CC, Hochstadt J. The existance of a group translocation transport mechanism in animal cells: uptake of the ribose moiety of inosine. JOURNAL OF SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 1976; 4:387-99. [PMID: 180353 DOI: 10.1002/jss.400040402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
After exposure to inosine, transport-competent plasma membrane vesicles isolated from SV-40-transformed Bal/c 3T3 cells accumulate intravesicular ribose 1-PO4 at a concentration 200-fold greater than the extravesicular concentration. An analysis of the purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity distribution in various subcellular fractions, relative to other enzyme activities, indicated the presence of plasma membrane-associated purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity. The plasma membrane vesicles appear relatively impermeable to hypoxanthine. However, hypoxanthine, which is a competitive inhibitor of the transport reaction, is the only compound tested capable of mediating efflux of already accumulated ribose 1-PO4. In addition, hypoxanthine does not result in the efflux of transported uridine which is accumulated in these membrane vesicles as uridine. Exogenous ribose 1-PO4 neither results in counterflow nor does it inhibit the original uptake reaction. The following transport reaction is proposed: uptake occurs by group translocation, mediated by membrane-localized purine nucleoside phosphorylase. The data are consistent with sites for inosine and hypoxanthine being on the outer membrane surface whereas the ribose 1-PO4 site is only on the inner surface.
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31
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Deoxycytidine transport in the presence of a cytidine deaminase inhibitor and the transport of uracil in Escherichia coli B. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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32
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Manandhar MS, Van Dyke K. Detailed purine salvage metabolism in and outside the free malarial parasite. Exp Parasitol 1975; 37:138-46. [PMID: 1091492 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4894(75)90064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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34
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Hochstadt J. The role of the membrane in the utilization of nucleic acid precursors. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY 1974; 2:259-310. [PMID: 4366379 DOI: 10.3109/10409237409105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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35
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36
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Boos W. Pro and Contra Carrier Proteins; Sugar Transport via the Periplasmic Galactose-Binding Protein. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES AND TRANSPORT 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2161(08)60184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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37
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Slayman CW. The Genetic Control of Membrane Transport. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES AND TRANSPORT VOLUME 4 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2161(08)60847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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38
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Komatsu Y. Adenosine uptake by isolated membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli K-12. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 330:206-21. [PMID: 4591127 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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39
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Benke PJ, Herrick N, Herbert A. Transport of hypoxanthine in fibroblasts with normal and mutant hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1973; 8:309-23. [PMID: 4753213 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(73)90035-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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von Dippe PJ, Roy-Burman S, Visser DW. Transport of uridine in Escherichia coli B and a showdomycin-resistant mutant. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 318:105-12. [PMID: 4583668 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90340-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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41
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Nygaard P. Nucleoside-catabolizing enzymes in Salmonella typhimurium. Introduction by ribonucleosides. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 36:267-72. [PMID: 4581820 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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42
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