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Duarte FA, Soares BM, Vieira AA, Pereira ER, Maciel JV, Caldas SS, Primel EG. Assessment of Modified Matrix Solid-Phase Dispersion as Sample Preparation for the Determination of CH3Hg+ and Hg2+ in Fish. Anal Chem 2013; 85:5015-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4002436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio A. Duarte
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno M. Soares
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto A. Vieira
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ederson R. Pereira
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana V. Maciel
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sergiane S. Caldas
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ednei G. Primel
- Escola de
Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, 96203-900, Rio
Grande, RS, Brazil
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2
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Huang Z, Pan XD, Han JL, Wu PG, Tang J, Tan Y. Determination of methylmercury in marine fish from coastal areas of Zhejiang, China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2012; 5:182-7. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2012.683881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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3
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Speciation of mercury in fish samples by flow injection catalytic cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 721:22-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Partyka DV. Transmetalation of Unsaturated Carbon Nucleophiles from Boron-Containing Species to the Mid to Late d-Block Metals of Relevance to Catalytic C−X Coupling Reactions (X = C, F, N, O, Pb, S, Se, Te). Chem Rev 2011; 111:1529-95. [DOI: 10.1021/cr1002276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David V. Partyka
- Creative Chemistry LLC, 2074 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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5
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Reyes LH, Mar JLG, Hernández-Ramírez A, Peralta-Hernández JM, Barbosa JMA, Kingston HMS. Microwave assisted extraction for mercury speciation analysis. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Robust microwave-assisted extraction protocol for determination of total mercury and methylmercury in fish tissues. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 631:121-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2008] [Revised: 10/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Pérez-Serradilla J, Japón-Luján R, Luque de Castro M. Simultaneous microwave-assisted solid–liquid extraction of polar and nonpolar compounds from alperujo. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 602:82-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Revised: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Forgacs
- a Institute of Chemistry , Chemical Research Center , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , P. O. Box 17, Budapest, 1525, Hungary
| | - T. Cserhati
- a Institute of Chemistry , Chemical Research Center , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , P. O. Box 17, Budapest, 1525, Hungary
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9
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Houserová P, Kubán V, Krácmar S, Sitko J. Total mercury and mercury species in birds and fish in an aquatic ecosystem in the Czech Republic. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 145:185-94. [PMID: 16720064 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2005] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury and mercury species (methylmercury-MeHg, inorganic mercury--Hg(2+)) were determined in the aquatic ecosystem Záhlinice (Czech Republic). Four tissues (muscle, intestines, liver and kidney) of three bird species--cormorant, great crested grebe and Eurasian buzzard, muscle tissues of common carp, grass carp, northern pike, goldfish, common tench, perch and rudd, aquatic plants (reed mace and common reed), sediments and water were analysed. Relative contents of MeHg (of total Hg) were in the range from 71% to 94% and from 15% up to 62% in the muscle and intestines and in liver, respectively, for all birds. Statistically significant differences were found between contents of MeHg in liver tissues of young and adult cormorant populations (F(4.60)=56.71, P<10(-5)). Relative contents of MeHg in muscle tissues of fishes were in the range from 65.1% to 87.9% of total Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Houserová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Zemedelská 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Japón-Luján R, Luque-Rodríguez JM, Luque de Castro MD. Multivariate optimisation of the microwave-assisted extraction of oleuropein and related biophenols from olive leaves. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 385:753-9. [PMID: 16741775 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Revised: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Microwave assistance is proposed for the first time in order to accelerate the extraction of biophenols from olive leaves. Under optimal working conditions, obtained using a multivariate methodology, complete extraction of the target analytes was achieved in 8 min. The extracts required no clean-up nor concentration prior to injection into a chromatograph-photodiode array detector assembly for individual separation-quantification. The optimal extractant (an 80:20 ethanol-water mixture) was also used in the development of a stirring-based extraction method which required around 24 h for complete extraction of the target compounds. These mixtures can be used as replacements for toxic extractants, with a view to exploiting olive leaves in order to obtain biophenols for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Japón-Luján
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Annex Marie Curie Building, Rabanales Campus, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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11
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Abrankó L, Jókai Z, Fodor P. Investigation of the species-specific degradation behaviour of methylmercury and ethylmercury under microwave irradiation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:448-53. [PMID: 16034615 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2005] [Revised: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The degradation behaviour of methylmercury (MeHg) under microwave irradiation is investigated, as is the (different) degradation behaviour of ethylmercury (EtHg) under similar irradiation. A simple and highly sensitive SPME-GC-pyrolysis-AFS system was used to analyse the aqueous MeHg and EtHg standard solutions after derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh(4)). Samples were irradiated in a microwave digester at microwave powers ranging from 20 to 160 W for durations of 2 to 10 min. The different tolerances towards microwave treatment of the two organomercury species were evident. Practically no degradation was experienced for MeHg for up to 8 minutes of irradiation at 120 W or for up to 4 minutes at 160 W. Significant analyte loss was observed for EtHg after 2 minutes at 40 W of microwave power.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Abrankó
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Corvinus University of Budapest, Villányi út 29-33, 1118 Budapest, Hungary.
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12
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Jókai Z, Abrankó L, Fodor P. SPME-GC-pyrolysis-AFS determination of methylmercury in marine fish products by alkaline sample preparation and aqueous phase phenylation derivatization. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:5499-505. [PMID: 15998105 DOI: 10.1021/jf0501140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of a cost-efficient analytical method based on alkaline sample digestion with KOH and NaOH, followed by aqueous phase phenylation derivatization with NaBPh4 and solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the determination of methylmercury in typical fish-containing food samples commercially available in Hungary, is reported. The sample preparation procedure along with the applied SPME-GC-pyrolysis-AFS system was validated by measuring certified reference materials (CRM) BCR-464, TORT-2, and a candidate CRM BCR 710. To carry out an estimation of average Hungarian methylmercury exposures via marine fish and/or fish-containing food consumption, 16 commercially available products and 3 pooled representative seafood samples of-according to a previous European survey--the three most consumed fish species in Hungary, herring, sardines, and hake, were analyzed. Methylmercury concentrations of the analyzed samples were in the range 0.016-0.137 microg of MeHg g(-1) dry weight as Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Jókai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Corvinus University of Budapest, Villányi út 29-33, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Leermakers M, Baeyens W, Quevauviller P, Horvat M. Mercury in environmental samples: Speciation, artifacts and validation. Trends Analyt Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2004.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Morales-Muñoz S, Luque-García JL, Luque de Castro MD. Pressurised liquid-liquid extraction. An approach to the removal of inorganic non-metal species from used industrial oils. CHEMOSPHERE 2004; 56:943-947. [PMID: 15268960 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2003] [Revised: 05/03/2004] [Accepted: 05/07/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Modified pressurised hot water is used for the development of a high pressure liquid-liquid extraction method for the decontamination of used industrial oils from inorganic non-metal species (chlorine, fluorine and sulphur). The oils were subjected to dynamic extraction with water modified with 5% v/v HNO3 at 200 degrees C as extractant. Under these working conditions the analytes were transferred to the aqueous phase. Spontaneous separation of the two immiscible liquid phases (the used oil and extract) takes place in the collection flask after extraction. The treated and untreated oil samples were oxidised and the chloride, fluoride and sulphate thus formed were determined by ion-chromatography. The method was applied to four oil samples from different locations in Spain. A residence time of approximately =10 min provided oil samples from which 88.3%, 89.4% and 89.4% of chloride, fluoride and sulphate, respectively, have been removed with respect to the initial concentration of each analyte in the oil. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD), was of 11.9%, 13.7% and 7.2% for Cl(-), F(-) and SO4(2-), respectively; whilst the within-laboratory reproducibility yielded RSDs of 6.2%, 7.9% and 6.2% for the same analytes. The proposed approach has proved to be efficient, simple, easily transferable to industrial scale, cheap, fast and environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morales-Muñoz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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15
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Yang L, Colombini V, Maxwell P, Mester Z, Sturgeon RE. Application of isotope dilution to the determination of methylmercury in fish tissue by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2003; 1011:135-42. [PMID: 14518770 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)01122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Species-specific isotope dilution (ID) calibration using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for separation and detection of methylmercury (MeHg) in fish tissue is described. Samples were digested with methanolic potassium hydroxide. Analytes were propylated and headspace sampled with a polydimethylsiloxane-coated SPME fused-silica fiber. ID analysis was performed using a laboratory-synthesized 198Hg-enriched methylmercury (Me 198Hg) spike. Using selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode, the intensities of Me 202HgPr+ at m/z 260 and Me 198HgPr+ at m/z 256 were used to calculate the m/z ratio at 260/256, which was used to quantify MeHg in NRCC CRM DORM-2 fish tissue. A MeHg concentration of 4.336 +/- 0.091 microg g(-1) (one standard deviation, n = 4) as Hg was obtained in DORM-2, in good agreement with the certified value of 4.47 +/- 0.32 microg g(-1) (95% confidence interval). A concentration of 4.58 +/- 0.31 microg g(-1) was determined by standard additions calibration using ethylmercury (EtHg) as an internal standard. The three-fold improvement in the precision of measured MeHg concentrations using ID highlights its superiority in providing more precise results compared to the method of standard additions. A method detection limit (3 S.D.) of 0.037 microg g(-1) was estimated based on a 0.25 g subsample of DORM-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Institute for National Measurement Standards, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6 Canada.
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16
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Carro AM, Neira I, Rodil R, Lorenzo RA. Speciation of mercury compounds by gas chromatography with atomic emission detection. Simultaneous optimization of a headspace solid-phase microextraction and derivatization procedure by use of chemometric techniques. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02492476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Rodil R, Carro AM, Lorenzo RA, Abuín M, Cela R. Methylmercury determination in biological samples by derivatization, solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2002; 963:313-23. [PMID: 12187986 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A method for the extraction and gas chromatographic determination of methylmercury in biological matrices is presented. By combining the advantages of two extraction techniques-microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME)--the separation of methylmercury from biological samples is possible. Specifically, the procedure involves microwave extraction with 3 M hydrochloric acid, followed by aqueous-phase derivatization with sodium tetraphenylborate and headspace SPME with a silica fibre coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). For optimization of the derivatization-SPME procedure, a central composite experimental design with alpha = 1.682 and two central points was used to model gas-chromatographic peak areas as functions of pH, extraction temperature and sorption time. A desirability function was then used for the simultaneous optimization for methylmercury and Hg(II). The optimal derivatization-SPME conditions identified were close to pH 5, temperature 100 degrees C, and sorption time 15 min. The identification and quantification of the extracted methylmercury is carried out by gas chromatography with microwave-induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry detection. The validity of the new procedure is shown by the results of analyses of certified reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodil
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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18
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Ghassempour A, Mohammadkhah A, Najafi F, Rajabzadeh M. Monitoring of the pesticide diazinon in soil, stem and surface water of rice fields. ANAL SCI 2002; 18:779-83. [PMID: 12137373 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.18.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide (OPP) that is used as a pesticide for Chilo suppressalis (WLK) (Lep., Pyralidae) in rice fields. The extraction of diazinon from soil and the stems of rice plants has been carried out by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and the results compared with ultrasonic extraction (USE). The best parameters for MAE are hexane-acetone (8:2 v/v) as a solvent, a 2.5 min extraction time, and 20 ml of the solvent volume. Also, surface-water samples of the rice fields were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) using a C18 disc. The optimum conditions of SPE were a sample volume of 750 ml, a pH of 7 and high ionic strength of water. The extracted samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The relative standard deviation (RSD) and regression coefficients related to the linearity were <3.5% (n = 5) and 0.99, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.1 ng ml(-1) with selected ion monitoring (SIM) at 137 m/z. The average recoveries of diazinon in soil and stem samples by MAE and surface-water by SPE were 98% (+/-3), 94% (+/-5) and 87% (+/-3), respectively. In June, the concentration of diazinon in soil and stem samples of the rice plants in Guilan province is high (55 ng ml(-1)) and in September is low (2 ng ml(-1)). In surface-water samples, the results are converse. In November, diazinon can not be detected in soil, stem or surface-water samples. Diazinon is degraded to diethylthiophosphoric acid. Also, three microorganism genera (Pseudomonas sp, Flavobacterium sp and Agrobacterium sp) have been found to degrade diazinon in soil and surface water.
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19
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Derivatization Reactions for Analytes with Various Functional Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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20
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Gómez-Riza JL, Morales E, Giráldez I, Sánchez-Rodas D, Velasco A. Sample treatment in chromatography-based speciation of organometallic pollutants. J Chromatogr A 2001; 938:211-24. [PMID: 11771840 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Speciation analysis is nowadays performed routinely in many laboratories to control the quality of the environment, food and health. Chemical speciation analyses generally include the study of different oxidation state of elements or individual organometallic compounds. The determination of the different chemical forms of elements is still an analytical challenge, since they are often unstable and concentrations in different matrices of interest are in the microg l(-1) or even in the ng l(-1) range (e.g., estuarine waters) or ng g(-1) in sediments and biological tissues. For this reason, sensitive and selective analytical atomic techniques are being used as available detectors for speciation, generally coupled with chromatography for the time-resolved introduction of analytes into the atomic spectrometer. The complexity of these instrumental couplings has a straightforward consequence on the duration of the analysis, but sample preparation to separate and transfer the chemical species present in the sample into a solution to be accepted readily by a chromatographic column is the more critical step of total analysis, and demands considerable operator skills and time cost. Traditionally, liquid-liquid extraction has been employed for sample treatment with serious disadvantages, such as consumption, disposal and long-term exposure to organic solvent. In addition, they are usually cumbersome and time-consuming. Therefore, the introduction of new reagents such as sodium tetraethylborate for the simultaneous derivatization of several elements has been proposed. Other possibilities are based in the implementation of techniques for efficient and accelerated isolation of species from the sample matrix. This is the case for microwave-assisted extraction, solid-phase extraction and microextraction, supercritical fluid extraction or pressurized liquid extraction, which offer new possibilities in species treatment, and the advantages of a drastic reduction of the extraction time and the embodiment into on-line flow analysis systems. This new generation of treatment techniques constitutes a good choice as fast extraction methods for feasible species-selective analysis of organometallic compounds under the picogram level, that can be used for national regulatory agencies, governmental and industrial quality control laboratories, and consequently, for manufacturers of analytical instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gómez-Riza
- Departamento de Química y Ciencia de los Materiales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Huelva, Palos de la Frontera, Spain.
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