1
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Liu Y, Wu Z, Armstrong DW, Wolosker H, Zheng Y. Detection and analysis of chiral molecules as disease biomarkers. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:355-373. [PMID: 37117811 PMCID: PMC10175202 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00476-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The chirality of small metabolic molecules is important in controlling physiological processes and indicating the health status of humans. Abnormal enantiomeric ratios of chiral molecules in biofluids and tissues occur in many diseases, including cancers and kidney and brain diseases. Thus, chiral small molecules are promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, adverse drug-effect monitoring, pharmacodynamic studies and personalized medicine. However, it remains difficult to achieve cost-effective and reliable analysis of small chiral molecules in clinical procedures, in part owing to their large variety and low concentration. In this Review, we describe current and emerging techniques that detect and quantify small-molecule enantiomers and their biological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoran Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Zilong Wu
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
| | - Herman Wolosker
- Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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2
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Li Z, Fu Q, Li S, Jin Y, Liang X. Systematic evaluation and optimization of high‐performance liquid chromatography separation of polyoxins. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:3006-3016. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Qing Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Yu Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Liaoning Province, Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Dalian P.R. China
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3
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Boukhobza I, Crans DC. Application of HPLC to measure vanadium in environmental, biological and clinical matrices. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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4
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Liang Y, Liu J, Zhong Q, Yu D, Yao J, Huang T, Zhu M, Zhou T. A fully automatic cross used solid-phase extraction online coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry system for the trace analysis of multi-class pharmaceuticals in water samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:330-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Locatelli M, Sciascia F, Cifelli R, Malatesta L, Bruni P, Croce F. Analytical methods for the endocrine disruptor compounds determination in environmental water samples. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1434:1-18. [PMID: 26805600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The potential risk of exposure to different xenobiotics, which can modulate the endocrine system and represent a treat for the wellness of an increasing number of people, has recently drawn the attention of international environmental and health agencies. Several agents, characterized by structural diversity, may interfer with the normal endocrine functions that regulate cell growth, homeostasis and development. Substances such as pesticides, herbicides, plasticizers, metals, etc. having endocrine activity (EDCs) are used in agriculture and industry and are also used as drugs for humans and animals. A difficulty in the analytical determination of these substances is the complexity of the matrix in which they are present. In fact, the samples most frequently analyzed consist of groundwater and surface water, including influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants and drinking water. In this review, several sample pretreatment protocols, assays and different instrumental techniques recently used in the EDCs determination have been considered. This review concludes with a paragraph in which the most recent hyphenated-instrument techniques are treated, highlighting their sensitivity and selectivity for the analyses of environmental water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Locatelli
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Structural and Systems Biology INBB, Viale Medaglie d'oro 305, 00136 Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Sciascia
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy
| | - Roberta Cifelli
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy
| | - Luciano Malatesta
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy
| | - Pantaleone Bruni
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy
| | - Fausto Croce
- University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Pharmacy, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti (CH), Italy
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6
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SiO2/polyvinylimidazole hybrid polymer as a sorbent for extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD): synthesis, characterization, and evaluation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-015-0677-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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7
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Luongo CA, Bu J, Burke NL, Gilbert JD, Prentice BM, Cummings S, Reed CA, McLuckey SA. Selective removal of alkali metal cations from multiply-charged ions via gas-phase ion/ion reactions using weakly coordinating anions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:404-414. [PMID: 25560986 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-1052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Selective removal of alkali metal cations from mixed cation multiply-charged peptide ions is demonstrated here using gas-phase ion/ion reactions with a series of weakly coordinating anions (WCAs), including hexafluorophosphate (PF6 (-)), tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate (BARF), tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate (TPPB), and carborane (CHB11Cl11 (-)). In all cases, a long-lived complex is generated by dication/anion condensation followed by ion activation to compare proton transfer with alkali ion transfer from the peptide to the anion. The carborane anion was the only anion studied to undergo dissociation exclusively through loss of the metallated anion, regardless of the studied metal adduct. All other anions studied yield varying abundances of protonated and metallated peptide depending on the peptide sequence and the metal identity. Density functional theory calculations suggest that for the WCAs studied, metal ion transfer is most strongly favored thermodynamically, which is consistent with the experimental results. The carborane anion is demonstrated to be a robust reagent for the selective removal of alkali metal cations from peptide cations with mixtures of excess protons and metal cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Luongo
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
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8
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Grodner B, Łukaszkiewicz J, Kuran B, Krawiecka M. Capillary electrophoresis separation of aminoalkanol derivatives of 1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione as potential anticancer drugs. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3564-70. [PMID: 25280228 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study, the direct separation of aminoalkanol derivatives I and II of 1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6) ]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione, which was found in earlier studies as potential anticancer drugs, were performed. Capillary electrophoresis offers the possibility of fast, cheap, and reproducible separations for compounds I and II. In this paper, the simultaneous separation of I and II by capillary zone electrophoresis has been achieved within 8 min by use of 50 mM phosphate buffer of pH 2.5. Analysis of the two compounds in the serum plasma standards was conducted. Limits of detection of I and II by UV absorbance at 200 nm were achieved in the range of 156.3-156.6 ng/mL. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection, and quantification. The calibration equation revealed a good linear relationship (r(2) = 0.998-0.999). Sufficient recovery was observed in the range of 96.3-99.5%. The method showed good reproducibility with intra- and interday precision of 0.97 and 1.76%, respectively. The quantification limits for the compounds were in the range of 477.0-479.8 ng/mL. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of real serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Grodner
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Medvedev AE. In macropore tryptic digestion at acidic pH and its implication for proteomics. Proteomics 2013; 13:3101-2. [PMID: 24133050 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201300440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Gan et al. (Proteomics 2013, 13, 3117-3123) described a new "macropore" protocol for effective protein digestion by trypsin suitable for a wide range of pH including acidic pH. It was effective not only in experiments with solutions of a model protein (myoglobin), but also with a subfraction of rat liver cytosol. This significantly simplifies and accelerates protein digestion procedures for subsequent MS. However, further studies are needed to find limits of experimental applicability of the described protocol in proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei E Medvedev
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Huang LC, Zheng N, Zheng BQ, Wen F, Cheng JB, Han RW, Xu XM, Li SL, Wang JQ. Simultaneous determination of aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and α-zearalenol in milk by UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2013; 146:242-9. [PMID: 24176338 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a sensitive and rapid method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and α-zearalenol in milk by ultra high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionisation triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The milk samples were purified using Oasis HLB cartridge. The matrix effects were evaluated by determining the signal suppression-enhancement (SSE) and corrected by external matrix-matched calibration. The limits of quantity (LOQ) of the mycotoxins were in the range of 0.003-0.015μgkg(-1). The high correlation coefficients (R(2)⩾0.996) were obtained in the range of 0.01-1.00μgkg(-1) of the mycotoxins, along with good recovery (87.0-109%), repeatability (3.4-9.9%) and intra-laboratory reproducibility (4.0-9.9%) at the concentrations of 0.025, 0.1 and 0.5μgkg(-1). The detected rates of the mycotoxins were from 16.7% to 96.7% in raw milk, liquid milk and milk powder samples collected from the dairy farms and supermarkets in Beijing. The method proposed is suitable for the simultaneous determination of aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and α-zearalenol, and could be performed for analysing the mycotoxins in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Huang
- Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products (Beijing), Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China; Ministry of Agriculture - Milk and Dairy Product Inspection Center (Beijing), Beijing 100193, PR China
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11
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Gutiérrez-Solís MC, Muñoz-Rodríguez D, Medina-Peralta S, Carrera-Figueiras C, Ávila-Ortega A. Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction of organophosphorus pesticide using SiO2-poly(N-vinylimidazole). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/45/1/012022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Scarpino V, Blandino M, Negre M, Reyneri A, Vanara F. Moniliformin analysis in maize samples from North-West Italy using multifunctional clean-up columns and the LC-MS/MS detection method. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:876-84. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.793825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Xu J, Zhang X, Guo Z, Yan J, Yu L, Li X, Xue X, Liang X. Orthogonal separation and identification of long-chain peptides from scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch venom by using two-dimensional mixed-mode reversed phase-reversed phase chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Analyst 2013; 138:1835-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an36704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Buneeva OA, Kopylov AT, Tikhonova OV, Zgoda VG, Medvedev AE, Archakov AI. Effect of affinity Sorbent on proteomic profiling of isatin-binding proteins of mouse brain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:1326-38. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912110120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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15
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Ganesh V, Hettiarachchy NS. Nutriproteomics: A promising tool to link diet and diseases in nutritional research. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1824:1107-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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A new reversed-phase/strong anion-exchange mixed-mode stationary phase based on polar-copolymerized approach and its application in the enrichment of aristolochic acids. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1246:129-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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17
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Wang F, Guan Y, Zhang S, Xia Y. Hydrophilic modification of silica–titania mesoporous materials as restricted-access matrix adsorbents for enrichment of phosphopeptides. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1246:76-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Rapid narrow band elution for on-line SPE using a novel solvent plug injection technique. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:433-45. [PMID: 22669308 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Determination of trace constituents in biological and environmental samples usually requires a pre-concentration step. While solid-phase extraction (SPE) has been widely used, it is slow, labor intensive and adversely affected by analytical errors from handling. On-line SPE eliminates some of the flaws but often suffers from solvent compatibility problems with the subsequent chromatography separation. In this study, we are presenting a technical solution for overcoming some of these compatibility issues, by utilizing a fully automated, focused SPE sample transfer technique utilizing narrow-band solvent plugs, for seamless hyphenation with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or flow injection mass spectrometry (MS). A wide range of pharmaceutical compounds was studied in different sample matrices. Short plugs of high elution strength solvent were generated by means of an electrically actuated sample loop and enrichment and transfer steps monitored using on-line SPE-MS. The impact of the solvent plugs on chromatographic separation was studied using hyphenated SPE-LC-MS. By carefully examining elution profiles of solvent plugs of different compositions, optimum conditions for quantitative elution within well-defined volumes were found for all substances. In addition, the highly focused elution bands resulted in excellent retention time and peak area reproducibilities when injected on-line onto HPLC columns. Finally, to demonstrate proof-of-principle, the fully integrated on-line SPE-LC-MS system was applied to the analysis of spiked urine and river water samples.
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Macià A, Motilva MJ, Romero MP, Labrador A, Domínguez A, Peiro L. Improved liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of the bioactive dipeptides, carnosine and anserine: Application to analysis in chicken broth. Talanta 2012; 93:293-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Cai X, Guo Z, Xue X, Xu J, Zhang X, Liang X. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography separation of peptides using reversed-phase/weak cation-exchange mixed-mode column in first dimension. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:242-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Affinity-based proteomic profiling: Problems and achievements. Proteomics 2012; 12:621-37. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Wang H, Zhou XJ, Liu YQ, Yang HM, Guo QL. Simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and aflatoxin M1 residues in milk by triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3532-8. [PMID: 21405145 DOI: 10.1021/jf2006062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A reliable, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of chloramphenicol and aflatoxin M(1) in milk has been developed. This method includes simple extraction of sample with acetonitrile, separation on a MGIII-C(18) column using 5 mM ammonium acetate aqueous solution/methanol (60:40, v/v) as mobile phase, and MS/MS detection using multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.05 μg/kg for chloramphenicol and 0.005 μg/kg for aflatoxin M(1.) The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.2 μg/kg for chloramphenicol and 0.02 μg/kg for aflatoxin M(1). The recovery values ranged from 88.8% to 100.6%, with relative standard deviation lower than 15% in all cases, when samples were fortified at three different concentrations. The decision limits (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) of the method were also reported. This method has been successfully applied for simultaneous analysis of chloramphenicol and aflatoxin M(1) residues in milk from local supermarkets in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- China National Food Quality and Safety Supervision and Inspection Center, Haidian District Institute of Products Quality Supervision and Inspection, Beijing, China
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23
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Lu Y, Shen Q, Dai Z, Zhang H, Wang H. Development of an on-line matrix solid-phase dispersion/fast liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system for the rapid and simultaneous determination of 13 sulfonamides in grass carp tissues. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:929-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alwael H, Connolly D, Clarke P, Thompson R, Twamley B, O'Connor B, Paull B. Pipette-tip selective extraction of glycoproteins with lectin modified gold nano-particles on a polymer monolithic phase. Analyst 2011; 136:2619-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15137a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dawidowicz AL, Dybowski MP. SPE isolation of low-molecular oxygen compounds from essential oils. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:3213-20. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Wang H, Zhou X, Liu Y, Yang H, Guo Q. Determination of aflatoxin M1in milk by triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2010; 27:1261-5. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2010.487501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Phillips HL, Williamson JC, van Elburg KA, Snijders APL, Wright PC, Dickman MJ. Shotgun proteome analysis utilising mixed mode (reversed phase-anion exchange chromatography) in conjunction with reversed phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. Proteomics 2010; 10:2950-60. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Hydrophobic solvent induced phase transition extraction to extract drugs from plasma for high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric analysis. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:243-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Recent developments and applications of microextraction techniques in drug analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:339-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Arce L, Nozal L, Simonet B, Valcárcel M, Ríos A. Liquid-phase microextraction techniques for simplifying sample treatment in capillary electrophoresis. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Ričanyová J, Gadzała-Kopciuch R, Reiffová K, Buszewski B. Estrogens and Their Analytics by Hyphenated Separation Techniques. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340802569506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Böddi K, Takátsy A, Szabó S, Markó L, Márk L, Wittmann I, Ohmacht R, Montskó G, Vallant RM, Ringer T, Bakry R, Huck CW, Bonn GK, Szabó Z. Use of fullerene-, octadecyl-, and triaconthyl silica for solid phase extraction of tryptic peptides obtained from unmodified andin vitroglycated human serum albumin and fibrinogen. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:295-308. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Marchiarullo DJ, Lim JY, Vaksman Z, Ferrance JP, Putcha L, Landers JP. Towards an integrated microfluidic device for spaceflight clinical diagnostics Microchip-based solid-phase extraction of hydroxyl radical markers. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1200:198-203. [PMID: 18555260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A microchip-based solid-phase extraction method for biological fluid small molecule analysis has been developed. Using a commercially available copolymer packed into a microchip channel, extraction and preconcentration of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) and 2,5-DHBA from saliva was achieved. The metabolites, formed from salicylic acid by reactive oxygen species, can be used as markers of oxidative stress. The results show high recovery of both metabolites (>90+/-15% for spiked saliva) with an 80-fold concentration enhancement possible. The eluent is directly analyzed using capillary electrophoresis, with good resolution for the two metabolites. This study demonstrates the feasibility of future integrated microdevices for spaceflight small molecule biomarker analysis.
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Gilar M, Yu YQ, Ahn J, Fournier J, Gebler JC. Mixed-mode chromatography for fractionation of peptides, phosphopeptides, and sialylated glycopeptides. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1191:162-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Jestoi M. EmergingFusarium-Mycotoxins Fusaproliferin, Beauvericin, Enniatins, And Moniliformin—A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2008; 48:21-49. [DOI: 10.1080/10408390601062021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Jestoi
- a Finnish Food Safety Authority (Evira), Department of Animal Diseases and Food Safety Research, Chemistry and Toxicology Unit , Mustialankatu 3, FIN-00790 , Helsinki , Finland
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36
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Bunger MK, Cargile BJ, Ngunjiri A, Bundy JL, Stephenson JL. Automated Proteomics of E. coli via Top-Down Electron-Transfer Dissociation Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1459-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ac7018409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen K. Bunger
- Mass Spectrometry Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Benjamin J. Cargile
- Mass Spectrometry Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Anne Ngunjiri
- Mass Spectrometry Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - Jonathan L. Bundy
- Mass Spectrometry Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | - James L. Stephenson
- Mass Spectrometry Research Program, Research Triangle Institute, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
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37
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Ferreirós N, Dresen S, Alonso RM, Weinmann W. Hydrolysis and transesterification reactions of candesartan cilexetil observed during the solid phase extraction procedure. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 855:134-8. [PMID: 17478126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Candesartan cilexetil is an angiotensin receptor antagonist widely used in the treatment of high blood pressure. This prodrug is metabolised into candesartan, which blocks the receptors AT1 for angiotensin II decreasing the blood pressure levels. During the development of a solid phase extraction procedure for the chromatographic determination of eight antihypertensive compounds, lack of linearity and reproducibility was observed only for candesartan cilexetil. Due to this fact, a stability study for this prodrug was performed. It showed that the lack of linearity and reproducibility was based on hydrolysis and transesterification processes which occurred during the drying step after elution with methanol into glass tubes. These phenomena could be reproduced artificially under basic conditions, which demonstrated the presence of basic residues in glass tubes. The study of this potential hydrolysis and transesterification reactions is very important to assure that labile drugs containing ester groups remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Ferreirós
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology, University Hospital, Albertstrasse 9, Freiburg, Germany
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38
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Félix G, Campèse D. Development of a New RAM-Chiral Column for Determination of Chiral Drugs in Biological Fluids by HPLC. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Sanz ML, Martínez-Castro I. Recent developments in sample preparation for chromatographic analysis of carbohydrates. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:74-89. [PMID: 17257608 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are a very important group of compounds due to their roles as structural materials, sources of energy, biological functions and environmental analytes; they are characterized by their structural diversity and the high number of isomers they present. While many advances have been made in carbohydrate analysis, the sample preparation remains difficult. This review aims to summarize the most important treatments which have been recently developed to be applied prior to the analysis of carbohydrates by chromatographic techniques. Due to the multiplicity of structures and matrices, many different techniques are required for clean-up, fractionation and derivatization. A number of new techniques which could be potentially adequate for carbohydrate characterization have also been revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Sanz
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3 E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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40
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Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Lopez de Alda MJ, Barceló D. Advantages and limitations of on-line solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technologies versus biosensors for monitoring of emerging contaminants in water. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:97-115. [PMID: 17275010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
On-line solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and biosensors are advanced technologies that have found increasing application in the analysis of environmental contaminants although their application to the determination of emerging contaminants (previously unknown or unrecognized pollutants) has been still limited. This review covers the most recent advances occurred in the areas of on-line SPE-LC-MS and biosensors, discusses and compares the main strengths and limitations of the two approaches, and examines their most relevant applications to the analysis of emerging contaminants in environmental waters. So far, the on-line configuration most frequently used has been SPE coupled to liquid chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry. Sorbents used for on-line SPE have included both traditional (alkyl-bonded silicas and polymers) and novel (restricted access materials (RAMs), molecularly imprinted synthetic polymers (MIPs), and immobilized receptors or antibodies (immunosorbents) materials. The biosensor technologies most frequently applied have been based on the use of antibodies and, to a lesser extent, enzymes, bacteria, receptors and DNA as recognition elements, and the use of optical and electrochemical transducing elements. Emerging contaminants investigated by means of these two techniques have included pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupting compounds such as estrogens, alkylphenols and bisphenol A, pesticides transformation products, disinfection by-products, and bacterial toxins and mycotoxins, among others. Both techniques offer advantageous, and frequently comparable, features such as high sensitivity and selectivity, minimum sample manipulation, and automation. Biosensors are, in addition, relatively cheap and fast, which make them ideally suited for routine testing and screening of samples; however, in most cases, they can not compete yet with on-line SPE procedures in terms of accuracy, reproducibility, reliability (confirmation) of results, and capacity for multi-analyte determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodriguez-Mozaz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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41
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Theodoridis GA, Zacharis CK, Voulgaropoulos AN. Automated sample treatment by flow techniques prior to liquid-phase separations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:243-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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42
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Ziaková A, Brandsˇteterová E. APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT PREPARATION TECHNIQUES FOR EXTRACTION OF PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS FROM LEMON BALM ( MELISSA OFFICINALIS ) BEFORE HPLC ANALYSIS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120015888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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43
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Nanni P, Parisi D, Roda G, Casale M, Belluzzi A, Roda E, Mayer L, Roda A. Serum protein profiling in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases using selective solid-phase bulk extraction, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and chemometric data analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2007; 21:4142-4148. [PMID: 18022963 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The identification of new biomarkers or a disease-related protein fingerprint for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) represents a major task in the diagnosis, prognosis and pharmacological therapy. To address these issues, a simple and rapid analytical proteomic method for serum protein profiling based on selective beads-based solid-phase bulk extraction, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and chemometric data analysis was developed. Serum proteins from healthy subjects (22) and patients with Crohn's disease (15) and ulcerative colitis (26) were selectively extracted according to reversed-phase (C18), strong anion-exchange (SAX) and metal ion affinity (IDA-Cu(II)) principles. This approach allowed enrichment of serum proteins/peptides due to the high interaction surface between analytes and the solid phase and high recovery due to the elution step performed directly on the MALDI-target plate. The MALDI-TOF MS serum protein profiles were acquired and, after a data pre-processing step, analyzed by linear discriminant analysis (LDA), a chemometric classification technique, in order to classify serum samples among healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Since the high number of variables in the MALDI spectra (more than 16000 m/z values) prevents the use of LDA, the variables were reduced to 10-20 by features selection, thus allowing the evaluation of a pattern of m/z values with high discriminant power. Serum protein profiles obtained by reversed-phase extraction and the selection of 20 m/z values gave the best overall prediction ability (96.9%). The recognition of these m/z values may allow the identification of protein biomarkers involved in IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Nanni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna, Italy
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44
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Hernández-Borges J, Borges-Miquel TM, Rodríguez-Delgado MA, Cifuentes A. Sample treatments prior to capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1153:214-26. [PMID: 17098242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is a crucial part of chemical analysis and in most cases can become the bottleneck of the whole analytical process. Its adequacy is a key factor in determining the success of the analysis and, therefore, careful selection and optimization of the parameters controlling sample treatment should be carried out. This work revises the different strategies that have been developed for sample preparation prior to capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS). Namely the present work presents an exhaustive and critical revision of the different samples treatments used together with on-line CE-MS including works published from January 2000 to July 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hernández-Borges
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, University of La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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45
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Machtejevas E, Denoyel R, Meneses JM, Kudirkaite V, Grimes BA, Lubda D, Unger KK. Sulphonic acid strong cation-exchange restricted access columns in sample cleanup for profiling of endogeneous peptides in multidimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1123:38-46. [PMID: 16750539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2005] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 05/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the pore structural parameters and size exclusion properties of LiChrospher strong cation-exchange and reverse phase restricted access materials (RAM) are analysed. The molecular weight size exclusion limit for polystyrenes was found to be about 17.7 kDa, while for standard proteins, the molecular weight size exclusion limit was higher, at approximately 25 kDa. The average pore diameter on a volume basis calculated from the pore network model changes from 8.5 nm (native LiChrospher) to 8.6 nm (diol derivative) to 8.2 nm (sulphonic acid derivative) to 6.9 nm (n-octadecyl derivative). Additional characterisations were performed on restricted access materials with nitrogen sorption at 77 K, water adsorption at 25 degrees C, intrusion-extrusion of water (in order to evaluate the hydrophobic properties of the pores of the hydrophobic RAM), and zeta potential measurements by microelectrophoresis. For peptide analysis out of the biofluids, the strong cation-exchange functionality seems to be particularly suitable mainly because of the high loadability of the strong cation-exchange restricted access material (SCX-RAM) and the fact that one can work under non-denaturing conditions to perform effective chromatographic separations. For bacitracin, the dynamic capacity of the SCX-RAM columns does not reach its maximum value in the analysed range. For lysozyme, the dynamic capacity reaches a value of 0.08 mg/ml of column volume before column is overloaded. Additionally, the proper column operating conditions that lead to the total effective working time of the RAM column to be equal to approximately 500 injections (depending on the type of sample), is comprehensively described. The SCX-RAM column was used in the same system analysing urine samples for the period of 1 month (approximately 150 injections) with run-to-run reproducibility below 5% RSD and below 10% RSD for the relative fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Machtejevas
- Institut fuer Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
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46
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Fang H, Zeng Z, Liu L. Centrifuge Microextraction Coupled with On-Line Back-Extraction Field-Amplified Sample Injection Method for the Determination of Trace Ephedrine Derivatives in the Urine and Serum. Anal Chem 2006; 78:6043-9. [PMID: 16944882 DOI: 10.1021/ac060360q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although sample stacking has enjoyed some degree of success in electrophoretic separation techniques, there is still a major problem with complex matrix sample as it suffers tremendously from sample matrix effects. A novel method that combines two concentration techniques, centrifuge microextraction (CME) and on-line back-extraction field-amplified sample injection (OLBE-FASI), is used to determine trace ephedrine derivatives in urine and serum by capillary zone electrophoresis. The CME, integrating the sample cleanup and preconcentration into a single step, is a promising sample preparation method for biological samples. The CME technique provided 9-14-fold enrichment within 10 min. The OLBE-FASI eliminated the need to perform solvent exchange and provided a further concentration of the analytes. Using CME coupled with OLBE-FASI, over a 3800-fold increase in sensitivity could be obtained as compared with the normal hydrodynamic injection without sample stacking. For a 1-mL urine sample, the linear range was 5/10-200 ng/mL with the square of the correlation coefficients (r(2)) ranging from 0.9988 to 0.9994. Detection limits were from 0.15 to 0.25 ng/mL using a photodiode array UV detection at wavelength 192 nm. The possibility of this method to determine ephedrine derivatives in 20-muL serum samples was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaifang Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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47
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Ekström S, Wallman L, Hök D, Marko-Varga G, Laurell T. Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction and Sample Preparation for MALDI MS Using a Microfabricated Integrated Selective Enrichment Target. J Proteome Res 2006; 5:1071-81. [PMID: 16674096 DOI: 10.1021/pr050434z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A microfabricated proteomic sample preparation and sample presentation device, Integrated Selective Enrichment Target, (ISET), comprising an array of 96 perforated nanovials is described. Each perforated nanovial can be filled with solid-phase extraction media for purification and concentration of peptides prior to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). The validity of the ISET sample preparation is shown by analysis of low nM-pM standard samples, as well as biological samples. The ISET solid-phase extraction sample preparation was compared to ZipTip and MassPREP PROtarget sample preparation, demonstrating a superior performance with respect to number of detected peptides and signal intensity of detected peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ekström
- Department of Electrical Measurements, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and the related technique, surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI)-TOF MS, are being applied widely to analyze serum or plasma specimens for potential disease markers. METHODS Reports on the basic principles and applications of MALDI-TOF MS were reviewed and related to information on abundance and masses of major plasma proteins. OUTCOMES MALDI-TOF MS is a particle-counting method that responds to molar abundance, and ranking of plasma proteins by molar abundance increases the rank of small proteins relative to traditional ranking by mass abundance. Detectors for MALDI-TOF MS augment the bias for detecting smaller components by yielding stronger signals for an equivalent number of small vs large ions. Consequently, MALDI-TOF MS is a powerful tool for surveying small proteins and peptides comprising the peptidome or fragmentome, opening this new realm for analysis. It is complementary to techniques such as electrophoresis and HPLC, which have a bias for detecting larger molecules. Virtually all of the potential markers identified by MALDI-TOF MS to date represent forms of the most abundant plasma proteins. CONCLUSIONS Analyses of serum or plasma by MALDI-TOF MS provide new information mainly about small proteins and peptides with high molar abundance. The spectrum of observed proteins and peptides suggests value for applications such as assessment of cardiovascular risk, nutritional status, liver injury, kidney failure, and systemic immune responses rather than early detection of cancer. Extending analysis by MALDI-TOF MS to lower abundance components, such as markers for early-stage cancers, probably will require more extensive specimen fractionation before analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen L Hortin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Room 2C-407, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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49
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Erny GL, Cifuentes A. Liquid separation techniques coupled with mass spectrometry for chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals compounds and their metabolites in biological fluids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 40:509-15. [PMID: 16326060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2005.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2005] [Revised: 10/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Determination of the chiral composition of drugs is nowadays a key step in order to determine purity, activity, bioavailability, biodegradation, etc., of pharmaceuticals. In this article, works published for the last 5 years on the analysis of chiral drugs by liquid separation techniques coupled with mass spectrometry are reviewed. Namely, chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals including, e.g., antiinflammatories, antihypertensives, relaxants, etc., by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry are included. The importance and interest of the analysis of the enantiomers of the active compound and its metabolites in different biological fluids (plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Erny
- Institute of Industrial Fermentations (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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50
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Xue YJ, Akinsanya JB, Liu J, Unger SE. A simplified protein precipitation/mixed-mode cation-exchange solid-phase extraction, followed by high-speed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, for the determination of a basic drug in human plasma. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:2660-8. [PMID: 16912986 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A simplified protein precipitation/mixed-mode cation-exchange solid-phase extraction (PPT/SPE) procedure has been investigated. A mixture of acetonitrile and methanol along with formic acid was used to precipitate plasma proteins prior to selectively extracting the basic drug. After vortexing and centrifugation, the supernatants were directly loaded onto an unconditioned Oasis MCX microElution 96-well extraction plate, where the protonated drug was retained on the negatively charged sorbent while interfering neutral lipids, steroids or other endogenous materials were washed away. Normal wash steps were deemed unnecessary and not used before sample elution. The sample extracts were analyzed under both conventional and high-speed liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) conditions to examine the feasibility of the PPT/SPE procedure for human plasma sample clean-up. For the conventional LC/MS/MS method, chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18, 2.1 x 50 mm column with gradient elution (k' = 5.5). The mobile phase contained 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. For the high-speed LC/MS/MS method, chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18, 2.1 x 10 mm guard column with gradient elution (k' = 2.2, Rt = 0.26 min). The mobile phase contained 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.001% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile. Detection for both conventional and high-speed LC/MS/MS methods was by positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry on a ThermoElectron Finnigan TSQ Quantum Ultra, where enhanced resolution (RP 2000; 0.2 amu) was used for high-speed LC/MS/MS. The standard curve, ranging from 0.5 to 100 ng/mL, was fitted to a 1/x weighted quadratic regression model. This combined PPT/SPE procedure effectively eliminated time-consuming sorbent conditioning and wash steps, which are essential for a conventional mixed-mode SPE procedure, but retained the advantages of both PPT (removal of plasma proteins) and mixed-mode SPE (analyte selectivity). The validation results demonstrated that this PPT/SPE procedure was well suited for both conventional and high-speed LC/MS/MS analyses. In comparison with a conventional mixed-mode SPE procedure, the simplified PPT/SPE process provided comparable sample extract purity. This simple sample clean-up procedure can be applied to other basic compounds with minor modifications of PPT solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Xue
- Preclinical Candidate Optimization, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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