1
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Simultaneous determination of oleic and elaidic acids in their mixed solution by Raman spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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2
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SHRESTHA R, MIURA Y, HIRANO KI, CHEN Z, OKABE H, CHIBA H, HUI SP. Microwave-assisted Derivatization of Fatty Acids for Its Measurement in Milk Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:575-582. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.17p557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ken-ichi HIRANO
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Novel, Non-Invasive, and Nutritional Therapeutics (CNT), Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Zhen CHEN
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University
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3
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Application of Central Composite Design for the Optimization of Reverse-Phase HPLC/DAD Separation of the cis- and trans- Isomers of Long-Chain Unsaturated Fatty Acids. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1073-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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4
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Development and validation of a quantitative assay for the determination of cinacalcet and its main metabolites in human plasma using RP-HPLC method. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Onozato M, Nishikiori M, Iizuka H, Ichiba H, Sadamoto K, Fukushima T. Determination of sex-based differences in serum γ-linolenic [corrected] acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic [corrected] acid using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 997:116-21. [PMID: 26113452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Because serum unsaturated fatty acids can provide useful information on disease diagnosis, the simultaneous determination of several fatty acids in small volumes of human serum would be beneficial for clinical applications. In the present study, serum fatty acids were extracted with n-heptane/chloroform from 10μL of serum collected from 26 healthy Japanese subjects (11 men, ages 23-37 years; 15 women, ages 18-37 years) after deproteinization with perchloric acid, derivatization to their methyl ester using p-toluenesulfonic acid as an acid catalyst, and subsequent separation and measurement by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the selected ion monitoring mode. Nine types of fatty acids (palmitoleic acid [PLA], oleic acid [OA], linoleic [corrected] acid [LA], γ-linolenic acid [GLA], α-linolenic acid [ALA], dihomo-GLA [DGLA], arachidonic acid [AA], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA], and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) were analyzed in the serum within 35 min by GC-MS. The concentrations of these fatty acids in serum ranged from 3.64±0.38μM (GLA) to 413±26.3 μM (LA). Among these nine fatty acids, GLA and DGLA levels were significantly lower in women than in men (p=0.0034 and 0.0012, respectively), suggesting that there may be sex-based differences in the biosynthetic production or metabolic processes of GLA and DGLA in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Onozato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Minami Nishikiori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Hideaki Iizuka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ichiba
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Sadamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yokohama College of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukushima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi-shi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
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6
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Liu J, Liu M, Li X, Lu X, Chen G, Sun Z, Li G, Zhao X, Zhang S, Song C, Wang H, Suo Y, You J. Development of ultrasonic-assisted closed in-syringe extraction and derivatization for the determination of labile abietic acid and dehydroabietic acid in cosmetics. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1371:20-9. [PMID: 25456583 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Two resin acids, abietic acid (AA) and dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), in cosmetics may cause allergy or toxicoderma, but remain inaccurately investigated due to their lability. In this work, an accurate, sensitive, efficient and convenient method, utilizing the ultrasonic-assisted closed in-syringe extraction and derivatization (UCSED) prior to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with fluorescence detection (FLD) and on-line tandem mass spectra (MS/MS), has been developed. Analytes are extracted by acetonitrile (10/1, v/m) in a sealed syringe under safe condition (60°C; 15 min; nitrogen atmosphere) and then in-syringe derivatized by 2-(2-(anthracen-10-yl)-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-1-yl) ethyl-p-toluenesulfonate (ANITS) (8-fold, 93°C, 30 min, DMF as co-solvent, K2CO3 as catalyst). In UCSED, derivatization contributes to increase both analytical sensitivity and stability of analytes. Excellent linearity (r2≥0.9991) is achieved in wide range (75-3000 ng/mL (AA); 150-4500 ng/mL (DHAA)). Quite low detection limits (AA: 8.2-10.8 ng/mL; DHAA: 19.4-24.3 ng/mL) and limits of analyte concentration (LOAC) (AA: 30.0-44.5 ng/mL; DHAA: 70.9-86.7 ng/mL) ensure the trace analysis. This method is applied to the analysis of cosmetic samples, including depilatory wax strip, liquid foundation, mascara, eyeliner, eyebrow pencil and lip balm. No additional purification is required and no matrix effect is observed, demonstrating obvious advantages over conventional pretreatment such as solid phase extraction (SPE). Accuracy (RE: -3.2% to 2.51%), precision (RSD: 1.29-2.84%), recovery (95.20-103.63%; 95.51-104.22%) and repeatability (<0.23%; <2.87%) are significantly improved. Furthermore, this work plays a guiding role in developing a reasonable method for labile analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Mengge Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xiu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomin Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Guang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Xianen Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Shijuan Zhang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Cuihua Song
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Yourui Suo
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China
| | - Jinmao You
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China; Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China.
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7
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Nishikiori M, Iizuka H, Ichiba H, Sadamoto K, Fukushima T. Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Human Serum by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:537-41. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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8
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Puppolo M, Varma D, Jansen SA. A review of analytical methods for eicosanoids in brain tissue. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 964:50-64. [PMID: 24685838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are potent lipid mediators of inflammation and are known to play an important role in numerous pathophysiological processes. Furthermore, inflammation has been proven to be a mediator of diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Hence, these lipid mediators have gained significant attention in recent years. This review focuses on chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods that have been used to analyze arachidonic acid and its metabolites in brain tissue. Recently published analytical methods such as LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS are discussed and compared in terms of limit of quantitation and sample preparation procedures, including solid phase extraction and derivatization. Analytical challenges are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Puppolo
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Deepti Varma
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
| | - Susan A Jansen
- Temple University, Department of Chemistry, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States.
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9
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Chen G, Wang C, You J, Song C, Sun Z, Li G, Kang L. NOVEL REAGENT FOR THE SENSITIVE DETERMINATION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS BY HPLC WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY AND APPLICATION TO SEVERAL MEDICINAL HERBS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.712934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , People's Republic of China
- b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
- d Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Chengyan Wang
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Jinmao You
- a Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , People's Republic of China
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
- d Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Cuihua Song
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
- d Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
- d Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Guoliang Li
- b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
| | - Li Kang
- b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
- c The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis , Qufu Normal University , Qufu Shandong , China
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10
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Graham K, Kettschau G, Gromov A, Dinkelborg L. Development of a fast robust derivatization method of an extremely polar PET radiopharmaceutical: a critical aspect for starting a clinical trial. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Song C, Zhang C, Sun Z, You J, Suo Y. DETERMINATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS INMICROULA SIKKIMENSISSEED OIL USING 1,2-BENZOCARBAZOLE-9-ETHYL-P-TOLUENESULFONATE AS A NOVEL LABELING REAGENT BY HPLC WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION AND APCI-MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.627621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuihua Song
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- b Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital , Jinan , P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
| | - Jinmao You
- a Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province , Qufu Normal University , Qufu , P. R. China
- c Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining , P. R. China
| | - Yourui Suo
- c Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology , Chinese Academy of Science , Xining , P. R. China
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12
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A Novel Labeling Reagent of 2-(12-Benzo[b]acridin-5-(12H)-yl)-acetohydrazide for Determination of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Traditional Chinese Herbs by HPLC-APCI-MS. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Xia L, Song C, Sun Z, Li G, Suo Y, You J. Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Tibet Folk Medicine Potentilla anserina L. Using a New Labeling Reagent by LC with Fluorescence Detection and Identification with Online Atmospheric Chemical Ionization-MS Identification. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1523-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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2-(5-Benzoacridine)ethyl-p-toluenesulfonate as sensitive reagent for the determination of bile acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection and online atmospheric chemical ionization-mass spectrometric identification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 396:2657-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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6-Oxy-(acetyl ethylenediamine) fluorescein, a novel fluorescent derivatization reagent for carboxylic acids and its application in HPLC. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:999-1006. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Du XL, Zhang HS, Deng YH, Wang H. Design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent reagent, 6-oxy-(ethylpiperazine)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl) fluorescein, for carboxylic acids and its application in food samples using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1178:92-100. [PMID: 18067902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 11/10/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel derivatization reagent for carboxylic acids, 6-oxy-(ethylpiperazine)-9-(2'-methoxycarbonyl)fluorescein (EPMF) has been well designed and synthesized. It was used to label 13 fatty acids, n-butyric acid (C4), n-valeric acid (C5), n-hexanoic acid (C6), n-heptanoic acid (C7), n-octanoic acid (C8), n-nonanoic acid (C9), n-decanoic acid (C10), lauric acid (C12), myristic acid (C14), palmitic acid (C16), stearic acid (C18), oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2), successfully. The derivatization reaction with fatty acids was completed at 50 degrees C, 50 min. The derivatives of fatty acids were separated on a C18 reversed-phase column with gradient elution and fluorescence detection at lambda(ex)/lambda(em)=469/518 nm. The detection limits obtained were 0.4-2 nmol L(-1) (signal-to-noise ratio of 3). The proposed method has been applied to the quantification of fatty acids in edible oil with recoveries over 93%. It has been demonstrated that EPMF is a prominent derivatization reagent for fatty acids and is suitable for HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Du
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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17
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Du XL, Zhang HS, Guo XF, Deng YH, Wang H. 6-Oxy-(acetyl piperazine) fluorescein as a new fluorescent labeling reagent for free fatty acids in serum using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1169:77-85. [PMID: 17869260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 08/06/2007] [Accepted: 08/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A new fluorescein-based fluorescent derivatizating reagent, 6-oxy-(acetyl piperazine) fluorescein (APF), has been designed, synthesized and developed for carboxylic acid labeling. It was used as a pre-column derivatizing reagent for the determination of seven free fatty acids (lauric acid, myristic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid) with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The derivatization reaction of APF with seven fatty acids was completed at 60 degrees C for 1 h using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) as the condensing reagent. On a C18 column, the derivatives of APF with seven free fatty acids could be separated completely in 22 min using a mobile phase of methanol-water (88:12, v/v) containing 7 mmol L(-1) pH 6.5 Na2HPO4-H3Cit3 buffer with fluorescence detection at lambdaex/lambdaem=467/512 nm. The detection limits could reach 0.1-6.4 nmol L(-1) (signal-to-noise=3). This reagent was applied to the determination of the free fatty acids in human serum samples with satisfying recovery efficiencies varying from 93 to 105%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Du
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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18
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Zhao X, Wang H, You J, Suo Y. Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Bryophyte Plants and Soil by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Identification by Online MS. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Suo Y, Zhao X, You J, Wang H, Li Y, Ding, C, Liu Y. Determination of Free Fatty Acids in Soil and Bryophyte Plants by Precolumn Derivatization via HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701360673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yourui Suo
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Xianen Zhao
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Jinmao You
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Honglun Wang
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Li
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Chenxu Ding,
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- a Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining, P. R. China
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20
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You J, Zhao X, Suo Y, Li Y, Wang H, Chen G. Determination of long-chain fatty acids in bryophyte plants extracts by HPLC with fluorescence detection and identification with MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 848:283-91. [PMID: 17097358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Revised: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive method for the determination of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (>C20) using 1-[2-(p-toluenesulfonate)-ethyl]-2-phenylimidazole-[4,5-f]-9,10-phenanthrene (TSPP) as tagging reagent with fluorescence detection and identification with post-column APCI/MS has been developed. The LCFAs in bryophyte plant samples were obtained based on distillation extraction with 1:1 (v/v) chloroform/methanol as extracting solvent. TSPP could easily and quickly label LCFAs at 90 degrees C in the presence of K2CO3 catalyst in DMF. Eleven free LCFAs from the extracts of bryophyte plants were sensitively determined. Maximal labeling yields close to 100% were observed with a five-fold excess of molar reagent. Separation of the derivatized fatty acids exhibited a good baseline resolution in combination with a gradient elution on a reversed-phase Eclipse XDB-C8 column. Calculated detection limits from 1.0 pmol injection, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, were 26.19-76.67 fmol. Excellent linear responses were observed with coefficients of >0.9996. Good compositional data were obtained from the analysis of the extracted LCFAs containing as little as 0.2g of bryophyte plant samples. Therefore, the facile TSPP derivatization coupled with HPLC/APCI/MS analysis allowed the development of a highly sensitive method for the quantitation of trace levels of LCFAs from biological and natural environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmao You
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, PR China.
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21
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You J, Zhu F, Zhao W, Zhao X, Suo Y, Liu S. Analysis of saturated free fatty acids from pollen by HPLC with fluorescence detection. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200600224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmao You
- College of Chemistry Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, P.R. China
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Fang Zhu
- College of Chemistry Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, P.R. China
| | - Wenchen Zhao
- College of Chemistry Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, P.R. China
| | - Xian'en Zhao
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Yourui Suo
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- College of Chemistry Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, P.R. China
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Baena B, Cifuentes A, Barbas C. Analysis of carboxylic acids in biological fluids by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:2622-36. [PMID: 15934051 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This review article addresses the different capillary electrophoretic methods that are being used for the study of both short-chain organic acids (including anionic catecholamine metabolites) and fatty acids in biological samples. This work intends to provide an updated overview (including works published until November 2004) on the recent methodological developments and applications of such procedures together with their main advantages and drawbacks. Moreover, the usefulness of CE analysis of organic acids to study and/or monitor different diseases such as diabetes, new-borns diseases or metabolism disorders is examined. The use of microchip devices and CE-MS couplings for organic acid analysis is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Baena
- Sección Química Analítica, Fac. CC. Experimentales y de la Salud, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Peris Vicente J, Gimeno Adelantado JV, Doménech Carbó MT, Mateo Castro R, Bosch Reig F. Identification of lipid binders in old oil paintings by separation of 4-bromomethyl-7-methoxycoumarin derivatives of fatty acids by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1076:44-50. [PMID: 15974068 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.03.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A HPLC-fluorescence method for identification of drying oils from binding media or protective film used in pictorial works of art prior to conservation or restoration is proposed. Fluorescence derivatization of fatty acids released by hydrolysis of structural drying oils is studied. The derivatization reagent was 4-(bromomethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin with 18-crown-6 as catalyst. Mobile phase was programmed from methanol-water (90:10 v/v) to methanol-water (100:0 v/v) in 25 min. The excitation and emission wavelengths were 325 and 395 nm, respectively. Under these chromatographic conditions, coumarin derivatives of myristic, palmitic, oleic and stearic acids were satisfactorily resolved. The method shows good sensitivity, with a detection limit of 6.0 x 10(-8) mmol, and good linearity between 1.0 x 10(-7) and 1.8 x 10(-4) mmol of each analyte. Peak area ratios among fatty acids derivatives, especially the stearic acid/palmitic acid peak area ratio, are useful to identify the drying oils. The proposed method has been successfully applied to artistic samples from items of the cultural heritage of Valencia (Spain).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Peris Vicente
- Department ofAnalytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, c/Dr Moliner 50, Burjasot, E-46100 Valencia, Spain
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24
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Nagy K, Jakab A, Fekete J, Vékey K. An HPLC-MS approach for analysis of very long chain fatty acids and other apolar compounds on octadecyl-silica phase using partly miscible solvents. Anal Chem 2005; 76:1935-41. [PMID: 15053654 DOI: 10.1021/ac034944t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach for analyzing underivatized very long chain fatty acids (C16-C26) and other apolar compounds such as triacylglycerols is described. It is based on reversed-phase HPLC separation followed by mass spectrometric detection. Partly miscible solvents are used for stepwise gradient elution starting with a methanol/water and ending with a methanol/n-hexane binary mixture. The developed technique does not need derivatization, and analysis is fast (fatty acids were separated in 2-min-long chromatograms) and robust. The developed method is also very sensitive; a quantitation limit in the low-picogram range was achieved for fatty acids. The separation mechanism and advantages of the suggested technique are discussed and illustrated in the case of blood analysis and plant oil characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornél Nagy
- Institute of Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1025 Pusztaszeri út 59-67, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Minkler PE, Kerner J, North KN, Hoppel CL. Quantitation of long-chain acylcarnitines by HPLC/fluorescence detection: application to plasma and tissue specimens from patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 352:81-92. [PMID: 15653102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2003] [Revised: 02/03/2004] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency (CPT-II deficiency) is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism, in which the accumulation of long-chain acylcarnitines is a diagnostic marker. HPLC with fluorescence detection is an attractive analysis method due to its favorable combination of sensitivity, specificity, ease of analysis and minimal capital equipment costs. METHODS Long-chain acylcarnitines were isolated from tissue homogenates (0.5-2 mg wet weight) or plasma (50 microl) using silica gel columns and derivatized with 2-(2,3-naphthalimino)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Quantitation was by HPLC and fluorescence detection with standard curves (0.0-5.0 nmol/ml) for myristoyl-, palmitoleoyl-, palmitoyl-, oleoyl- and stearoylcarnitine using heptadecanoylcarnitine as the internal standard. RESULTS Significantly greater amounts of long-chain acylcarnitines were quantified in patients with CPT-II deficiency when compared to controls; e.g. (nmol/ml in patient plasma, controls mean+/-standard deviation): myristoylcarnitine (0.3, not detectable), palmitoleoylcarnitine (0.5, 0.1+/-0.1), palmitoylcarnitine (0.9, 0.1+/-0.0), oleoylcarnitine (3.0, 0.2+/-0.1), stearoylcarnitine (0.4, not detectable). CONCLUSIONS This method can be used to quantitate long-chain acylcarnitines, illustrating their accumulation in CPT-II deficiency. The analysis was accomplished using inexpensive and widely available instrumentation and is appropriate for research investigators who require precise quantitation of long-chain acylcarnitines in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Minkler
- Medical Research Service, Louis Stokes Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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26
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Yue H, Strauss KI, Borenstein MR, Barbe MF, Rossi LJ, Jansen SA. Determination of bioactive eicosanoids in brain tissue by a sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2004; 803:267-77. [PMID: 15063335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2003] [Revised: 12/24/2003] [Accepted: 12/31/2003] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized to prostaglandins (PGs) via cyclooxygenases (COX) catalysis, and to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DiHETrEs), and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. A reliable and robust fluorescence based HPLC method for these eicosanoids was developed. A new selective reverse-phase solid phase extraction (SPE) procedure was developed for PG, DiHETrEs, HETE, and EETs of interest from rat cortical brain tissue. The eicosanoids were derivatized with 2-(2,3-naphthalimino)ethyl-trifluoromethanesulphonate (NE-OTf), followed by separation and quantification at high sensitivity using reverse-phase HPLC with fluorescent detection, and further identified via LC/MS. The derivatization was studied and optimized to obtain reproducible reactions. Various PGs, DiHETrEs, HETEs, EETs, and AA were sensitively detected and baseline resolved simultaneously. LC/MS under positive electrospray ionization selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was developed to further identify the peaks of these eicosanoids in cortical brain tissue. The method was applied in the traumatic brain injured rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Yue
- Chemistry Department, Analytical Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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27
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NAKAHARA R, INAMURA K, WATANABE G, OHTA S, SHIMADA K, YAMATO S. Application of 2-(2,3-naphthalimino)ethyl trifluoromethanesulphonate as a pre-column derivatization reagent for high-performance liquid chromatography in the determination of 3-hydroxybutyrate in aqueous solution. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2004. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.53.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rie NAKAHARA
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences
| | | | | | - Shin OHTA
- Department of Pharmacy, Nagano Red Cross Hospital
| | - Kenji SHIMADA
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences
| | - Susumu YAMATO
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences
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30
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Toyo’oka T. Fluorescent tagging of physiologically important carboxylic acids, including fatty acids, for their detection in liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00398-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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31
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Kotani A, Kusu F, Takamura K. New electrochemical detection method in high-performance liquid chromatography for determining free fatty acids. Anal Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)01520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Goto Y, Nakashima K, Mitsuishi K, Takafuji M, Sakaki S, Ihara H. Selectivity enhancement of diastereomer separation in RPLC using crystalline-organic phase-bonded silica. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Derivatization Reactions for Analytes with Various Functional Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(02)80020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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34
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You J, Zhang W, Jia X, Zhang Y. An improved derivatization method for sensitive determination of fatty acids by high-performance liquid chromatography using 9-(2-hydroxylethyl)-carbazole as derivatization reagent with fluorescence detection. Chromatographia 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02492676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Simple derivatization method for sensitive determination of fatty acids with fluorescence detection by high-performance liquid chromatography using 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carbazole as derivatization reagent. Anal Chim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)00897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Uchiyama S, Santa T, Imai K. A fluorogenic reagent, 4-mercapto-7-methylthio-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole for carboxylic acids, designed by prediction of the fluorescence intensity. Anal Chem 2001; 73:2165-70. [PMID: 11393836 DOI: 10.1021/ac001232j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During the course of our studies of the development of fluorogenic reagents having a 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan structure, we previously proposed 7-acetylamino-4-mercapto-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (AABD-SH) as a fluorogenic reagent for carboxylic acids. Since then, progress has made it possible to estimate the fluorescence quantum yields of the 4,7-disubstituted benzofurazan compounds on the basis of the PM3 calculation of their S1-T2 energies. Subsequently, a new fluorogenic reagent, 4-mercapto-7-methylthio-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (MTBDSH) was designed and synthesized. In the presence of condensation reagents, triphenylphosphine (TPP) and 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide (DPDS), MTBD-SH readily reacted with n-caprylic acid within 1 min at room temperature. The derivatives of five carboxylic acids (n-caprylic acid, n-capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, and palmitic acid) were well-separated on a reversed-phase column and were fluorimetrically detected at 519 nm with excitation at 391 nm. The detection limits (S/N = 3) were 2.4-5.0 fmol. Thus, MTBD-SH had properties that were considered to be superior. For carboxylic acids, itwas superior not only to AABD-SH, but also to many other conventional reagents. The superiority was examined in terms of its reactivity and sensitivity and the avoidance of interfering peaks that were derived from the reagent itself or degradation products in the chromatogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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37
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Kotani A, Fuse T, Kusu F. Determination of plasma free fatty acids by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Anal Biochem 2000; 284:65-9. [PMID: 10933857 DOI: 10.1006/abio.2000.4682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Determination of free fatty acids (FFAs) in control serum and human plasma was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Peak height for palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids at a detection potential of -415 mV vs a saturated calomel electrode showed a linear relation to acid amount in the range 50-1600 pmol. The present method for plasma free fatty acid determination required only 10 microL of plasma sample. The method is simple and the time for blood pretreatment is short. Change in plasma FFA with blood glucose level was monitored before and after meal ingestion by this method, using one male and one female subject. It was possible to rapidly reduce plasma FFA and increase blood glucose subsequent to the meal. The present method is thus shown to have potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kotani
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
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38
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Nithipatikom K, Pratt PF, Campbell WB. Determination of EETs using microbore liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279:H857-62. [PMID: 10924087 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.2.h857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cytochrome P-450 metabolites of arachidonic acid involved in the regulation of vascular tone. The method of microbore column high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was developed to determine 14,15-EET, 11, 12-EET, and the mixture of 8,9-EET and 5,6-EET. Tridecanoic acid (TA) was used as an internal standard. EETs were reacted with 2-(2, 3-naphthalimino)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (NT) to form highly fluorescent derivatives. A C(18) microbore column and a water-acetonitrile mobile phase were used for separation. Samples were excited at 259 nm, and the fluorescence was detected at 395 nm. The overall recoveries were 88% for EETs and 40% for TA. EETs were detected in concentrations as low as 2 pg (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The method was used to determine the EET production from endothelial cells (ECs). Bradykinin and methacholine (10(-6) M) stimulated an increase in the production of EETs by ECs two- and fivefold, respectively. This sensitive method may be used for determination of EETs at low concentrations normally detected in complex biological samples.
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MESH Headings
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analysis
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/metabolism
- Animals
- Bradykinin/pharmacology
- Cattle
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
- Coronary Vessels
- Endothelium, Vascular/chemistry
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology
- Microchemistry
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nithipatikom
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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39
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Maier KG, Henderson L, Narayanan J, Alonso-Galicia M, Falck JR, Roman RJ. Fluorescent HPLC assay for 20-HETE and other P-450 metabolites of arachidonic acid. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279:H863-71. [PMID: 10924088 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.2.h863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a fluorescent HPLC assay for measuring 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and other cytochrome P-450 metabolites of arachidonic acid in urine, tissue, and interstitial fluid. An internal standard, 20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-dienoic acid, was added to samples, and the lipids were extracted and labeled with 2-(2,3-naphthalimino)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. P-450 metabolites were separated on a C18 reverse-phase HPLC column. Coelution and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies confirmed the identity of the 20-HETE peak. The 20-HETE peak can be separated from those for dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, other HETEs, and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Known amounts of 20-HETE were used to generate a standard curve (range 1-10 ng, r(2) = 0.98). Recovery of 20-HETE from urine averaged 95%, and the intra-assay variation was <5%. Levels of 20-HETE were measured in 100 microliter of urine and renal interstitial fluid or 0.1 mg of renal tissue. The assay was evaluated by studying the effects of 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) on the excretion of 20-HETE in rats. ABT reduced excretion of 20-HETE by >65% and inhibited the formation of 20-HETE by renal microsomes. The availability of this assay should facilitate work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Maier
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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40
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Ihara H, Sagawa T, Nakashima KI, Mitsuishi K, Goto Y, Chowdhury J, Sakaki S. Enhancement of Diastereomer Selectivity Using Highly-Oriented Polymer Stationary Phase. CHEM LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2000.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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41
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Marrakchi H, Lanéelle G, Quémard AK. InhA, a target of the antituberculous drug isoniazid, is involved in a mycobacterial fatty acid elongation system, FAS-II. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2000; 146 ( Pt 2):289-296. [PMID: 10708367 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-146-2-289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Most drug-resistant clinical isolates of the tubercle bacillus are resistant to isoniazid, a first-line antituberculous drug. This antibiotic was shown to act on Mycobacterium tuberculosis by inhibiting a 2-trans-enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase, called InhA. However, the exact role played by InhA in mycobacteria remained unclear. A mycobacterial enzyme fraction containing InhA was isolated. It displays a long-chain fatty acid elongation activity with the characteristic properties described for the FAS-II (fatty acid synthetase II) system. Inhibition of this activity by InhA inhibitors, namely isoniazid, hexadecynoyl-CoA or octadecynoyl-CoA, showed that InhA belongs to the FAS-II system. Moreover, the InhA inhibitors also blocked the biosynthesis of mycolic acids, which are major lipids of the mycobacterial envelope. The data strongly suggest that isoniazid acts on the mycobacterial cell wall by preventing the FAS-II system from producing long-chain fatty acid precursors for mycolic acid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedia Marrakchi
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex, France1
| | - Gilbert Lanéelle
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex, France1
| | - Annaı K Quémard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex, France1
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42
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Takamura K, Fuse T, Arai K, Kusu F. A review of a new voltammetric method for determining acids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(99)00049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Lee Y, Shim CK, Chung SJ. Determination of Dimethyl-4,4′-Dimethoxy-5,6,5′,6′-Dimethylene Dioxybiphenyl-2,2′-Dicarboxylate in Human Serum by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. ANAL LETT 1999. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719908542868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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44
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Determination of higher fatty acids in oils by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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45
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Mukherjee PS, Karnes HT. Ultraviolet and fluorescence derivatization reagents for carboxylic acids suitable for high performance liquid chromatography: a review. Biomed Chromatogr 1996; 10:193-204. [PMID: 8879524 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0801(199609)10:5<193::aid-bmc591>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pre- and postcolumn derivatization with a suitable chromophore or fluorophore have often been utilized to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of detection for analytes possessing a carboxyl group. The major classes of UV and fluorescent derivatization reagents include the coumarin analogues, alkyl halides, diazoalkanes, and amines. The derivatization reaction conditions, HPLC systems for separation of the conjugates and detection limits of various analytes are presented in this review. High mass sensitivity for various carboxylic acids have been achieved with the hydrazides, anthracenes, and diazoalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0533, USA
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46
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Desbène A, Morin C, Mofaddel N, Groult R. Utilization of fluorescein sodium salt in laser-induced indirect fluorimetric detection II. Application to organic anions. J Chromatogr A 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00786-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Gutnikov G. Fatty acid profiles of lipid samples. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:71-89. [PMID: 8520704 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Most lipids are best characterized by their fatty acids which differ in chain length, the degree of unsaturation, configuration and position of the double bonds, and the presence of other functionalities. The fatty acid profiles are currently most frequently determined by capillary gas chromatography of the methyl esters which are prepared by a variety of methods. These are discussed with an emphasis on more recent developments, along with the stationary phases used for the separations and the methods employed for identification of the fatty acids. HPLC is applied less frequently for ascertaining fatty acid profiles than GC, but a very large number of derivatives for ultraviolet and fluorescence detection have been proposed. This method continues to evoke increasing interest, particularly in conjunction with fluorescence detection. This technique enables attainment of greater sensitivities than with standard GC methods employing flame ionization detection. Extensive applications of it to the analysis of free fatty acids in blood and other biomedical samples are clearly discernible. Other methods, including supercritical fluid chromatography, have found only limited application for fatty acid profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gutnikov
- Department of Chemistry, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona 91768, USA
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48
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Toyo'oka T. Use of derivatization to improve the chromatographic properties and detection selectivity of physiologically important carboxylic acids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS 1995; 671:91-112. [PMID: 8520705 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)00559-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this review, tagging techniques with reagents used for ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescent (FL), chemiluminescent (CL) and electrochemical detection (ED) for higher carboxylic acids in HPLC are evaluated in terms of the tagging reactions, handling, flexibility, stability of the reagents and the corresponding derivatives, sensitivity and selectivity. Emphasis is given to the applications of these tagging techniques to biologically important carboxylic acids of relatively high molecular mass including free fatty acids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxanes etc. Some typical examples are described. Although RIA and GC-MS are powerful techniques for the highly sensitive determination of carboxylic acids, tagging for these techniques is not included in this review because recent progress in tagging methods has been mainly concerned with HPLC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toyo'oka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan
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Roldan-Assad R, Gareil P. Capillary zone electrophoretic determination of C2C18 linear saturated free fatty acids with indirect absorbance detection. J Chromatogr A 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Toyo'oka T, Takahashi M, Suzuki A, Ishii Y. Determination of free fatty acids in blood, tagged with 4-(2-carbazoylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl )- 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Biomed Chromatogr 1995; 9:162-70. [PMID: 8520204 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130090403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The free fatty acids in blood were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after pre-column tagging with 4-(2-carbazoylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- 7-(N,N-dimethylaminosulphonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole [sequence: see text] (DBD-ProCZ). The tagging conditions were optimized with palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2) as representative free fatty acids, saturated and unsaturated, respectively. Under the mild reaction conditions of room temperature for 90 min in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC, 0.2 M)/pyridine (2%), all the fatty acids tested were tagged with the DBD-ProCZ to produce highly fluorescent derivatives which emit light at 550 nm (excitation at 450 nm). The fluorescence wavelengths were essentially the same for all fatty acids, whereas the intensities were different for individual fatty acids. The derivatives obtained from ten free fatty acids were completely separated by reversed-phase chromatography with two isocratic elution conditions. The on-column detection limit (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) with proposed HPLC separation and fluorescence detection is in the range of 19 (palmitic acid)--176 fmol (palmitoleic acid). The free fatty acids in rat serum and human plasma were successfully determined using the present methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toyo'oka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan
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