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Restrepo-Leal JD, Belair M, Fischer J, Richet N, Fontaine F, Rémond C, Fernandez O, Besaury L. Differential carbohydrate-active enzymes and secondary metabolite production by the grapevine trunk pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum Bt-67 grown on host and non-host biomass. Mycologia 2023; 115:579-601. [PMID: 37358885 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2216122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Neofusicoccum parvum is one of the most aggressive Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with grapevine trunk diseases. This species may secrete enzymes capable of overcoming the plant barriers, leading to wood colonization. In addition to their roles in pathogenicity, there is an interest in taking advantage of N. parvum carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), related to plant cell wall degradation, for lignocellulose biorefining. Furthermore, N. parvum produces toxic secondary metabolites that may contribute to its virulence. In order to increase knowledge on the mechanisms underlying pathogenicity and virulence, as well as the exploration of its metabolism and CAZymes for lignocellulose biorefining, we evaluated the N. parvum strain Bt-67 capacity in producing lignocellulolytic enzymes and secondary metabolites when grown in vitro with two lignocellulosic biomasses: grapevine canes (GP) and wheat straw (WS). For this purpose, a multiphasic study combining enzymology, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses was performed. Enzyme assays showed higher xylanase, xylosidase, arabinofuranosidase, and glucosidase activities when the fungus was grown with WS. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the lignocellulosic biomass degradation caused by the secreted enzymes. Transcriptomics indicated that the N. parvum Bt-67 gene expression profiles in the presence of both biomasses were similar. In total, 134 genes coding CAZymes were up-regulated, where 94 of them were expressed in both biomass growth conditions. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), glucosidases, and endoglucanases were the most represented CAZymes and correlated with the enzymatic activities obtained. The secondary metabolite production, analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/visible spectophotometry-mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV/Vis-MS), was variable depending on the carbon source. The diversity of differentially produced metabolites was higher when N. parvum Bt-67 was grown with GP. Overall, these results provide insight into the influence of lignocellulosic biomass on virulence factor expressions. Moreover, this study opens the possibility of optimizing the enzyme production from N. parvum with potential use for lignocellulose biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián D Restrepo-Leal
- AFERE Chair, Fractionnement des Agroressources et Environnement (FARE) UMR A 614, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
- MALDIVE Chair, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes (RIBP) USC 1488, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Marie Belair
- AFERE Chair, Fractionnement des Agroressources et Environnement (FARE) UMR A 614, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Jochen Fischer
- Institut für Biotechnologie und Wirkstoff-Forschung gGmbH (IBWF), Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicolas Richet
- Plateau Technique Mobile de Cytométrie Environnementale (MOBICYTE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne/Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), 51100 Reims, France
| | - Florence Fontaine
- MALDIVE Chair, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes (RIBP) USC 1488, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Caroline Rémond
- AFERE Chair, Fractionnement des Agroressources et Environnement (FARE) UMR A 614, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Olivier Fernandez
- MALDIVE Chair, Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes (RIBP) USC 1488, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Ludovic Besaury
- AFERE Chair, Fractionnement des Agroressources et Environnement (FARE) UMR A 614, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France
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Xie Z, Zhang L, Chen E, Lu J, Xiao L, Liu Q, Zhu D, Zhang F, Xu X, Li L. Targeted Metabolomics Analysis of Bile Acids in Patients with Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Metabolites 2021; 11:852. [PMID: 34940610 PMCID: PMC8706581 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is rare but clinically important due to a high rate of mortality. However, specific biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the severity and prognosis of DILI are lacking. Here, we used targeted metabolomics to identify and quantify specific types of bile acids that can predict the severity of DILI. A total of 161 DILI patients were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, as well as 31 health controls. A targeted metabolomics method was used to identify 24 types of bile acids. DILI patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to disease severity. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify characteristic bile acids. Then the patients were divided into severe and non-severe groups, and logistic regression was used to identify bile acids that could predict DILI severity. Among the enrolled DILI patients, 32 were in the mild group, 90 were in the moderate group, and 39 were in the severe group. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) modeling clearly discriminated among the different groups. Among the four groups, glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDCA), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), Nor Cholic acid (NorCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), and taurocholic acid (TCA) showed significant differences in concentration between at least two groups. NorCA, GCDCA, and TCDCA were all independent risk factors that differentiated severe DILI patients from the other groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of GCDCA, TCDCA, and NorCA was 0.856, 0.792, and 0.753, respectively. Together, these three bile acids had an AUROC of 0.895 for predicting severe DILI patients. DILI patients with different disease severities have specific bile acid metabolomics. NorCA, GCDTA, and TCDCA were independent risk factors for differentiating severe DILI patients from less-severe patients and have the potential to predict DILI severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Lingjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Ermei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China;
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Lanlan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Danhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Z.X.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (L.X.); (Q.L.); (D.Z.); (F.Z.)
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Bathena SPR, Mukherjee S, Olivera M, Alnouti Y. The profile of bile acids and their sulfate metabolites in human urine and serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 942-943:53-62. [PMID: 24212143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of sulfation in ameliorating the hepatotoxicity of bile acids (BAs) in humans remains unknown due to the lack of proper analytical methods to quantify individual BAs and their sulfate metabolites in biological tissues and fluids. To this end, a simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to characterize the detailed BA profile in human urine and serum. The limit of quantification was 1ng/mL and baseline separation of all analytes was achieved within in a run time of 32min. The method was validated over the dynamic range of 1-1000ng/mL. The LC-MS/MS method was more accurate, precise, and selective than the commercially available kits for the quantification of sulfated and unsulfated BAs, and the indirect quantification of individual sulfated BAs after solvolysis. The LC-MS/MS method was applied to characterize the BA profile in urine and serum of healthy subjects. Thirty three percent of serum BAs were sulfated, whereas 89% of urinary BAs existed in the sulfate form, indicating the role of sulfation in enhancing the urinary excretion of BAs. The percentage of sulfation of individual BAs increased with the decrease in the number of hydroxyl groups indicating the role of sulfation in the detoxification of the more hydrophobic and toxic BA species. Eighty percent of urinary BAs and 55% of serum BAs were present in the glycine-amidated form, whereas 8% of urinary BAs and 13% of serum BAs existed in the taurine-amidated form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Praneeth R Bathena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
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Batta AK, Datta SC, Tint GS, Alberts DS, Earnest DL, Salen G. A convenient synthesis of dinorbile acids: oxidative hydrolysis of norbile acid nitriles. Steroids 1999; 64:780-4. [PMID: 10577835 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(99)00064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a convenient method for the synthesis of dinorbile acids (23,24-dinor-5beta-cholan-22-oic acids, pregnane-20-carboxylic acids) in fair to good yields from norbile acid nitriles in one step by oxidative hydrolysis with oxygen in the presence of potassium-t-butoxide. The method results in stepwise overall removal of two carbon atoms in bile acid side chains in two steps. Dinorbile acids corresponding to several common bile acids have been prepared and their structures confirmed by spectroscopic methods. This simple method for synthesis of dinorbile acids may facilitate their study metabolically.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Batta
- Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
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Batta AK, Salen G. Gas chromatography of bile acids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1999; 723:1-16. [PMID: 10080627 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids, the end products of cholesterol metabolism in the liver, are of vital importance in the tissue distribution of cholesterol. Abnormalities in cholesterol biosynthesis or metabolism are often reflected in the proportions, concentrations and conjugation of bile acids in various tissues and determination of bile acids in these tissues is important in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases. Several methods for quantitative determination of bile acids in biological fluids are known and have been reviewed. In this review, we have discussed the gas-chromatographic method for determination of bile acids with special reference to bile acid quantitation in plasma, bile, urine and stool.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Batta
- Department of Medicine and Liver Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry, New Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103, USA
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Merrill JR, Schteingart CD, Hagey LR, Peng Y, Ton-Nu HT, Frick E, Jirsa M, Hofmann AF. Hepatic biotransformation in rodents and physicochemical properties of 23(R)-hydroxychenodeoxycholic acid, a natural alpha-hydroxy bile acid. J Lipid Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)37639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Kuramoto T, Suemura Y, Kihira K, Hiraoka T, Hoshita T. Determination of the glucurono-conjugated position in bile alcohol glucuronides present in a patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. Steroids 1995; 60:709-12. [PMID: 8539780 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(95)00095-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The determination of the glucurono-conjugated position in three bile alcohol glucuronides secreted in bile of a patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis was carried out by a nuclear magnetic resonance study. The bile sample was extracted with ethanol and chromatographed on an ion-exchange column, a reverse-phase partition column and a silica gel column to isolate glucurono-conjugates of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25-tetrol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha 12 alpha, 23-tetrol, and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 23, 25-pentol. Proton and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the two biliary bile alcohol glucuronides, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25-tetrol glucuronide and 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 23, 25-pentol glucuronide were identical with those of the synthetic glucuronide 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha-O beta-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid and the isolated glucuronide 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 25-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestane-23-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid from urine of a patient with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, respectively. Hence, the glucurono-conjugated positions of the biliary 25-tetrol glucuronide and the biliary 23,25-pentol glucuronide were C-3 and C-23, respectively. By comparison of the 13C chemical shift data with that of the unconjugated bile alcohol, 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha, 23-tetrol, the glucurono-conjugated position of the natural 23-tetrol glucuronide was determined to be C-23. Thus, the natural 23-tetrol glucuronide can be formulated as 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestane-23-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuramoto
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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