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Gutiérrez Robledo N, Punset Fuste M, Rodríguez-Contreras A, García Marro F, Manero Planella JM, Figueras-Álvarez O, Roig Cayón M. In Vitro Assessment of a New Block Design for Implant Crowns with Functional Gradient Fabricated with Resin Composite and Zirconia Insert. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3815. [PMID: 39124479 PMCID: PMC11313615 DOI: 10.3390/ma17153815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate and compare the mechanical resistance, fatigue behavior and fracture behavior of different CAD/CAM materials for implant crowns. Eighty-eight implant crowns cemented-screwed with four sample groups: two monolithic G1 Zirconia (control) and G3 composite and two bi-layered G2 customized zirconia/composite and G4 prefabricated zirconia/composite. All static and dynamic mechanical tests were conducted at 37 °C under wet conditions. The fractographic evaluation of deformed and/or fractured samples was evaluated via electron microscopy. Statistical analysis was conducted using Wallis tests, which were performed depending on the variables, with a confidence interval of 95%, (p < 0.05). The Maximum Fracture Strength values displayed by the four groups of samples showed no statistically significant differences. The crown-abutment material combination influenced the failure mode of the restoration, transitioning from a fatigue fracture type located at the abutment-analog connection for monolithic materials (G1 and G3) to a brittle fracture located in the crown for bi-layered materials (G2 and G4). The use of layered crown materials with functional gradients appears to protect the crown/abutment connection area by partially absorbing the applied mechanical loads. This prevents catastrophic mechanical failures, avoiding long chairside time to solve these kinds of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Gutiérrez Robledo
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (O.F.-Á.); (M.R.C.)
- Independent Research, 28028 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Punset Fuste
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.F.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.M.P.)
- UPC Innovation and Technology Center (CIT-UPC), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
- Reserach Institute San Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Rodríguez-Contreras
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.F.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.M.P.)
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
- Reserach Institute San Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando García Marro
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
- Center for Structural Integrity, Reliability and Micromechanics of Materials Research Group (CIEFMA), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José María Manero Planella
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.P.F.); (A.R.-C.); (J.M.M.P.)
- Barcelona Research Centre in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
- Reserach Institute San Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Figueras-Álvarez
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (O.F.-Á.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Miguel Roig Cayón
- School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), 08195 Barcelona, Spain; (O.F.-Á.); (M.R.C.)
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Baltacioğlu İH, Demirel G, Öztürk B, Aydin F, Özcan M. An evaluation of dental paste-like bulk-fill composite wear using intra-oral scanner. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:446-452. [PMID: 38692905 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates the wear resistance of dental paste-like bulk-fill composites compared to conventional paste-like composite resins using an intraoral scanner and 3-D analyzing software. Six different dental composite materials, including five bulk-fill composites and one conventional composite, were tested alongside natural human enamel as a control group. A computer-controlled chewing simulator for wear testing. A one-way ANOVA test was used to identify any significant differences between the means of the tested dental composite materials α=0.05. The results showed variability among bulk-fill composites, with some demonstrating wear resistance similar to conventional composites (p<0.05). Human enamel displayed the lowest wear values, but some bulk-fill composites matched this resistance(p>0.05). Significant variability was observed among bulk-fill composites but the results were comparable to those of conventional composites. The enamel control group demonstrated the lowest wear values, with some bulk-fill composites showing similar wear resistance. This study provides valuable information about the wear resistance of contemporary bulk-fill composite materials, commonly used in current clinical practice, contributing to enhancing clinical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gülbike Demirel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University
| | - Burcu Öztürk
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University
| | - Fulya Aydin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich
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Al-Johani H, Haider J, Silikas N, Satterthwaite J. Effect of repeated firing on the topographical, optical, and mechanical properties of fully crystallized lithium silicate-based ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:741.e1-741.e11. [PMID: 38242762 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The influence of different firing protocols on the topographical, optical, and mechanical properties of fully crystallized computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium silicate-based glass-ceramics (LSCs) for dental restorations remains unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different firing regimens on the surface roughness, gloss, Martens hardness, indentation modulus, biaxial flexural strength, and crystalline structure of fully crystallized CAD-CAM LSCs and the effect of their interposition on the irradiance of a light-polymerization unit. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three fully crystallized CAD-CAM LSC blocks were evaluated (N=150): lithium disilicate (Initial LiSi Blocks; LS), zirconia-reinforced silicate (Celtra Duo; CD), and lithium aluminum disilicate (CEREC Tessera; CT). Specimens were allocated to 5 subgroups according to their firing protocol. LSC roughness (Sa) was measured with an optical profilometer, and gloss (GU) was detected with a gloss meter. Martens hardness (HM) and indentation modulus (EIT) data were obtained from a hardness testing machine. The irradiance of a light-polymerization unit and transmittance of LSCs were measured with an instrument (Managing Accurate Resin Curing-Light Collector; BlueLight analytics, Inc) subsequent to ceramic interposition. Crystalline phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and biaxial flexural strength (σ) was determined by the ball-on-3-ball method in a universal testing machine followed by Weibull analysis to calculate characteristic strength (σ0) and Weibull modulus (m). Two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests (α=.05) were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found among different treatment groups based on Sa, GU, HM, and EIT values (P<.001). Delivered irradiance was significantly reduced following CT (P<.01) and glazed LSC (P<.005) interposition. CD displayed highest biaxial flexural strength and reliability after 1 firing cycle (σ=568.2 MPa, m=16.8) CONCLUSIONS: The type of material and firing regimens had a significant effect on the topographical, optical, and mechanical properties of fully crystallized CAD-CAM LSCs. Glazing significantly reduced delivered irradiance, Martens hardness, and biaxial flexural strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Al-Johani
- PhD student, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Julfikar Haider
- Associate Professor, Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, England, UK
| | - Nick Silikas
- Full Professor, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK.
| | - Julian Satterthwaite
- Full Professor, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, England, UK
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Sravanthi D, Duseja S, Mansoor MA, Abdul HN, Anjan T, Balaji DL, Tiwari RVC. Clinical Evaluation of Two Distinct Materials for Implant-Supported Interim Fixed Partial Prostheses: An Original Research. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S651-S654. [PMID: 38595414 PMCID: PMC11000894 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_914_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of posterior resin implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made from two different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials: polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyoxymethylene (POM). Materials and Methods Twenty-one patients received a total of 49 interim implant-supported FPDs. The same participant received PMMA and POM as part of the control and experimental groups, respectively. The restorations were evaluated 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after placement. In addition, their functional wear and color stability were assessed. Nonparametric statistics (α = 0.05) were used to analyze the data. Results The study found that PMMA outperformed POM in surface and color parameters, with more fractures occurring with internal conical connection implants. The color stability analysis showed ΔE*ab values of 7.18 for PMMA and 8.8 for POM, with no significant differences. After 6 months of operation, both materials showed a significant increase in wear, but no significant differences were found within the materials. Conclusion The study found that PMMA interim implant-supported FPDs outperformed POM in surface and color parameters, while polymer posterior implant-supported FPDs with internal conical connection implants were more fracture-prone.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sravanthi
- Department of Prosthodontist and Crown and Bridge and Implantology, Meghna Institute of Dental Sciences, Nizamabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sareen Duseja
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Manawar A Mansoor
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hina N Abdul
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - T Anjan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Doddy Lokanathan Balaji
- Department of Prosthodontics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Thiruvallur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul V C Tiwari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India
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Almogbel L, Sadid-Zadeh R, Örgev A, Çakmak G, Li R. Flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic-reinforced PEEK: An in vitro comparative study. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 38057961 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to compare flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic-reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with conventionally heat-compressed and milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty strips (6.4 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) and 30 discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were fabricated from a heat-compressed PMMA, milled PMMA, and ceramic-reinforced PEEK, 10 each. One surface of each sample was polished to mimic the laboratory procedure for denture base materials. Strips were then subjected to a three-point bend test using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5.0 mm/min. An optical profilometer was used to assess the Ra value (mm) of the discs on polished and unpolished sides. Biofilm formation behavior was analyzed by measuring the colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of Candida albicans on the unpolished surface of the discs. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison tests were used to compare the flexural strength, Ra value, and biofilm formation of the studied materials (a = 0.05). RESULTS Ceramic-reinforced PEEK showed significantly higher flexural strength (178.2 ± 3.2 MPa) than milled PMMA (89.6 ± 0.8 MPa; p < 0.001) and heat-compressed PMMA (67.3 ± 5.3 MPa; p < 0.001). Ceramic-reinforced PEEK exhibited a significantly higher Ra value than the other groups on unpolished sides; however, the polishing process significantly reduced the Ra values of all studied groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in C. albicans adhesion among the groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The flexural strength of tested materials was within acceptable limits for clinical use as a denture base material. Ceramic-reinforced PEEK had the highest surface roughness; however, its similarity in biofilm formation to other groups indicates its clinical acceptability as denture base material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolowh Almogbel
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramtin Sadid-Zadeh
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ahmet Örgev
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gülce Çakmak
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Suzuki M, Miyano Y, Sato F, Shinkai K. Surface Properties of Resin Composites and CAD/CAM Blocks After Simulated Toothbrushing. Oper Dent 2023; 48:575-587. [PMID: 37635455 DOI: 10.2341/22-123-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the surface gloss, surface roughness, and color change of restorative materials after a three-body wear abrasion. METHODS AND MATERIALS Four resin composites with different filler particle size (Gracefil Flo [GFF, 0.7 μm], Gracefil LoFlo [GFL, 0.25 μm], Gracefil ZeroFlo [GFZ, 0.15 μm], and Gracefil Putty [GFP, 0.3 μm]), two CAD/CAM resin composite blocks with different filler particle size (Cerasmart 300 [CS3, 0.7 μm] and Cerasmart Prime [CSP, 0.3 μm], GC), and one CAD/CAM lithium disilicate glass-ceramic block (Initial LiSi Block [ILS], GC) as a control were evaluated. Twenty slab-shaped specimens were obtained from each material. Ten specimens were subjected to 80,000 toothbrushing strokes and measured for surface gloss (Gloss Unit, GU), surface roughness (Ra, μm), and color (L*, a*, and b* values) before toothbrushing and at every 20,000 strokes. Color differences (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE00) before and after toothbrushing were calculated. After 80,000 strokes, abraded surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The other 10 specimens were measured for Vickers microhardness (VHN). RESULTS After 80,000 toothbrushing strokes, the mean GU ranged from 60.43 to 16.12 (the highest for ILS and lowest for GFL), and the mean Ra ranged from 0.079 to 4.085 (the lowest for ILS and highest for GFL). At all measuring stages, the calculated ΔE00 values ranged from 0.31 to 0.92 for all materials. The mean VHN ranged from 632.34 to 39.08 (the highest for ILS and lowest for GFZ). The resin composite containing the largest filler particle (GFF) showed significantly lower Ra and higher VHN than other resin composites (GFL, GFZ, and GFP). The CAD/CAM resin composite block containing a smaller filler particle (CSP) retained significantly higher GU than that containing a larger filler particle (CS3). A negative correlation between GU and Ra was detected. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings, toothbrush abrasion induced a decrease in GU and an increase in Ra for all resin-based materials tested. Resin-based materials with larger filler size tended to show lower Ra, while resin-based materials with smaller filler size tended to show a smaller reduction in GU. These were more pronounced for light-cure resin composites than for resin composite blocks for CAD/CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- *Masaya Suzuki, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Y Miyano
- Yuko Miyano, DDS, Advanced Operative Dentistry-Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - F Sato
- Fumiaki Sato, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - K Shinkai
- Koichi Shinkai, DDS, PhD, Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
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Alamoush RA, Salim NA, Elraggal A, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N. The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:543. [PMID: 37550631 PMCID: PMC10408048 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale. METHODS Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, and one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block. Specimens of each material (n = 6) were separated into two groups (n = 3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23˚C and 3 months storage in 37˚C distilled water). Nano-indentation creep measurements were undertaken (creep depth measured in µm) using a nanoindenter (Nanovea) equipped with Berkovich three-sided pyramidal diamond tip. The machine was set for the chosen parameters: a load of 20 gf, a pause of 20 s, and the material type. Thirty indentations on 3 samples were made for each material for each test. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests and independent t-test (< 0.05) for comparisons between the materials. RESULTS The nanoindentation creep depth after 24 h storage ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 μm and increased after 3 months storage in distilled water to between 0.28 and 3.46 μm. There was a statistically significant difference in nanoindentation creep behaviour between the two storage conditions for each investigated material (independent t-test) and between all materials (Bonferroni post hoc). There was a non-significant negative correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and filler weight% at 24 h dry storage but a significant correlation at 3 months of water storage. A further non-significant positive correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and bulk compressive creep (%) was found. CONCLUSION The PICN material showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depth in both storage conditions. Other composite blocks showed comparable performance at 24 h dry condition, but an increased nanoindentation creep upon water storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Nesreen A Salim
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Alaaeldin Elraggal
- Operative Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Julian D Satterthwaite
- Division Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolaos Silikas
- Division Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Elsahn NA, El-Damanhoury HM, Shirazi Z, Saleh ARM. Surface Properties and Wear Resistance of Injectable and Computer-Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing-Milled Resin Composite Thin Occlusal Veneers. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:663-672. [PMID: 36220115 PMCID: PMC10569885 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to investigate the microhardness, surface roughness (Ra), and wear behavior of thin occlusal veneers (TOV) fabricated from different injectable composite materials and compare them to a Computer-Aided Design (CAD)/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) resin-based material. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 1-mm occusal veneer preparation was done in a mandibular right second molar typodont tooth. The prepared model was duplicated to fabricate 32 replicas and divided into four groups (n = 8). Standard TOV were fabricated either indirectly from Cerasmart blocks, Cerasmart, GC (CS), or directly from Beautifil Injectable X, Shofu (BF), G-ænial Universal injectable, GC (GU), or SonicFill 2, Kerr (SF) using the injection molding technique. All the specimens were subjected to both thermomechanical cyclic loading (TMC) in a chewing simulator. Wear measurement was conducted by three-dimensional (3D) scanning of the veneered models before and after TMC, and the difference in the volume of the sample was recorded as the volumetric material loss due to wear. Ra before and after TMC and Vickers microhardness (VHN) of the tested materials were measured using standardized samples (n = 8). Representative samples from each group were investigated under a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to detect the effect of material on VHN and wear. Two-way ANOVA was utilized to examine the impact of material and TMC on Ra. Multiple comparisons between the groups were conducted using Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between hardness and wear and between roughness and wear (α = 0.05). RESULTS CS exhibited the highest mean VHN (p ≤ 0.001), followed by GU and SF which were statistically similar (p = 0.883) but significantly higher than BF (p < 0.001). After TMC, GU revealed the lowest Ra and volumetric wear (VW), followed by CS, BF, and SF (p < 0.5). A highly significant correlation existed between Ra and VW (p = 0.001, R 2 = 0.9803). CONCLUSION The effect of TMC on the surface properties and wear resistance of the investigated TOV is material-dependent. GU injectable TOV are less influenced by TMC than CS milled TOV. In contrast, BF and SF demonstrated significant VW and Ra which might limit their clinical use as TOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine A. Elsahn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem M. El-Damanhoury
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zainab Shirazi
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul Rahman M. Saleh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Fuchs F, Schmidtke J, Hahnel S, Koenig A. The influence of different storage media on Vickers hardness and surface roughness of CAD/CAM resin composites. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:13. [PMID: 36934208 PMCID: PMC10024666 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined Vickers hardness as well as surface characteristics of different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composites prior to and after storage in various media. MATERIALS AND METHODS CAD/CAM resin composite blocks (Grandio Blocs (GB), Lava Ultimate (LU), Brilliant Crios (BC), Cerasmart (GC), Shofu Block HC (SB), Tetric CAD (TC), Luxacam Composite (LC); incl. different translucency variants) were prepared, polished and surface free energy was determined. The specimens were divided into four groups: dry conditions for 24 h (25 °C), demineralized water (37 °C), Pepsi Cola (37 °C) and 75% ethanol (37 °C). After seven and 28 days of storage, Vickers hardness was determined. Surface roughness was measured after the entire storage period. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Vickers hardness was in the range of about 150 HV for GB, around 115 HV for LU, and 80-100 HV for BC, GC, SB, TC and LC. Only minor differences (total: 50.2 (6.4)-56.2 (3.2) mN/m) in surface free energy could be detected. No relationship was observed between surface free energy and filler content. However, a correlation between filler content and Vickers hardness was evident. Artificial aging caused a decrease of Vickers hardness (up to -40 HV or 35%) depending on storage media, duration and material. The changes in surface texture after immersion in different media were below a value of ΔSa = 0.015 µm. CONCLUSION Artificial aging of CAD/CAM resin composites leads to a significant decrease of Vickers hardness for most materials, while only small changes in surface roughness were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Fuchs
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Material Science, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Julius Schmidtke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Material Science, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Koenig
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Material Science, Leipzig University, Liebigstraße 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Demirel M, Diken Türksayar AA, Donmez MB. Translucency, color stability, and biaxial flexural strength of advanced lithium disilicate ceramic after coffee thermocycling. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:390-396. [PMID: 36057856 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the color stability, translucency, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of differently glazed advanced lithium disilicate (ALDS) with those of lithium disilicate (LDS) and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) after coffee thermocycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty disk-shaped specimens were prepared from three lithium silicate based materials (CEREC Tessera, ALDS; IPS e.max CAD, LDS; Vita Suprinity, ZLS). ALDS specimens were divided into two subgroups according to glazing procedures (reduced glaze duration, ALDS-S and normal glaze duration, ALDS-N), while LDS and ZLS specimens were crystallized and glazed. Color coordinate measurements were performed before and after coffee thermocycling. Color differences (ΔE00 ) and relative translucency parameters (RTP) were calculated. Specimens were then subjected to BFS test. Statistical analysis was performed by using 1- (ΔE00 and BFS) and 2-way (RTP) ANOVA tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS ΔE00 values of tested materials were similar (df = 3, F = 0.150, p = 0.929). Two-way ANOVA showed the significant effect of material type, coffee thermocycling, and the interaction between these parameters on RTP values (p < 0.001). Both before and after thermocycling, LDS had the highest (p ≤ 0.001) and ZLS had the lowest (p < 0.001) RTP values, while ALDS-N had higher RTP than ALDS-S (p ≤ 0.001). Among tested materials, only LDS had similar RTP values before and after thermocycling (p = 0.865) as the other materials had lower RTP values after thermocycling (p < 0.001). ALDS-N had higher BFS values than ALDS-S (p = 0.005), while LDS had similar values to ALDS specimens (p ≥ 0.201). ZLS had the highest BFS (p ≤ 0.007). CONCLUSIONS ALDS had comparable values to those of other materials. However, reduced glazing duration resulted in decreased translucency and BFS of ALDS. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE ALDS may be an appropriate restorative material for those patients with increased coffee consumption considering its color stability and ability to maintain translucency, particularly when glazed by using a conventional porcelain furnace.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mustafa Borga Donmez
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istinye University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Çakmak G, Subaşı MG, Sert M, Yilmaz B. Effect of surface treatments on wear and surface properties of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:495-506. [PMID: 34301415 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Which surface treatment provides optimal surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials and their enamel antagonists is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on the surface roughness, microhardness, and 2-body wear of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists. MATERIAL AND METHODS Monolithic zirconia, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, lithium disilicate, leucite-reinforced ceramic, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate, and feldspathic ceramic specimens were sliced into 2-mm-thick rectangular plates and divided into polished or glazed subgroups (n=6). After surface roughness and microhardness measurements, the specimens were loaded at 49 N for 250 000 cycles and simultaneously thermocycled (5 °C and 55 °C). All specimens were scanned before and after the wear test by using a scanner. The volumetric loss and wear depth of the materials and the volumetric and height loss of the enamel were calculated, and scanning electron microscope images of the specimens were made. Multiple 2-way ANOVAs and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were used to assess the effect of material and surface treatment on surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior of materials and enamel (α=.05). RESULTS Material and surface treatment interactions affected the surface roughness (P<.001), microhardness (P<.001), volumetric loss of materials (P=.044), and height loss of enamel (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Polishing resulted in higher surface roughness and microhardness than glazing. Volumetric loss depended on the material, which affected the height loss of the antagonists. Glazing and polishing had similar effects on the volumetric loss of materials and antagonists. No correlation was found between the wear of materials and the antagonists, nor between the surface roughness of materials and the volumetric loss of materials or antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülce Çakmak
- Buser Foundation Scholar for Implant Dentistry, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Meryem Gülce Subaşı
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya Sağlık Bilimleri University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Murat Sert
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Associate Professor, Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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12
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Edelhoff D, Erdelt KJ, Stawarczyk B, Liebermann A. Pressable lithium disilicate ceramic versus CAD/CAM resin composite restorations in patients with moderate to severe tooth wear: Clinical observations up to 13 years. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:116-128. [PMID: 35919964 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report the long-term clinical survival and failure rates of single-tooth restorations made of pressable lithium disilicate ceramics (LS2 ) and CAD/CAM resin composite (RC) by two separate clinical observations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients (12 female, nine male) were treated with 436 minimally invasive single-tooth restorations made of 274 pressed LS2 (n = 12; posterior: monolithic IPS e.max Press; anterior: IPS e.max Ceram veneered, Ivoclar) or 162 milled from RC (n = 9; monolithic exp. CAD/CAM resin composite, Ivoclar). The mean age of patients was 44.1 ± 9.3 years and the mean observation time was 86.2 ± 13.5 months (7.7 ± 1.1 years), with 8.5 ± 2.7 years for LS2 and 6.7 ± 0.5 years for RC. All restorations were observed for technical/biological failures using the modified criteria of the United States Public Health Service (USPHS). Collected data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test (α < 0.025). RESULTS The 274 LS2 restorations showed a survival of 100% and a total failure rate of 5.5%. The 162 RC restorations showed a survival of 100% and a total failure rate of 25.3%. RC restorations exhibited more material fractures (p = 0.020) and higher discoloration rates (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Pressed LS2 single-tooth restorations showed lower long-term failure rates than restorations made of RC. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite the limitations of the clinical observations, single-tooth restorations of both materials can be recommended for permanent use in patients with severe tooth wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Edelhoff
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kurt-Jürgen Erdelt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Liebermann
- Polyclinic of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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13
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Beleidy M, Ziada A. 3D Surface Deviation Wear Analysis of Veneered PEEK Crowns and Its Correlation with Optical Digital Profilometry. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:32-39. [PMID: 35118735 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To verify whether 3D surface deviation analysis software can detect the surface changes of composite veneered polyetheretherketone posterior crowns following wear simulation compared to optical digital profilometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty dental crowns, fabricated from CAD-CAM polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and veneered with high impact polymer composite (HIPC), were subjected to wear test (50N, 5/55°C; 120,000 chewing cycles). Optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation using Geomagic design X software was used before and after the wear test to measure volumetric wear loss (mm3 ). The data were statistically analyzed with Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare the two methodologies. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the two assessment methods (p-value = 0.075, Effect size = 0.854). Regarding the optical digital profilometry analysis, HIPC veneered PEEK crowns showed 0.01686 (0.018-0.02155) mm3 as a median volumetric wear loss value. While the crowns analyzed by 3D surface deviation showed -0.0398 (-0.0913 to -0.0042) mm3 as a median volumetric loss value (p-value = 0.075, Effect size = 0.854). In addition, there was no statistically significant correlation between wear measurements by optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation analyses (ρ = -0.177, p-value = 0.685). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference or correlation between optical digital profilometry and 3D surface deviation analyses for volumetric wear loss of veneered PEEK crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Beleidy
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6th University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ziada
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Benisuef University, Benisuef, Egypt
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14
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Chen F, Sun L, Luo H, Yu P, Lin J. Influence of filler types on wear and surface hardness of composite resin restorations. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000231193524. [PMID: 37776080 DOI: 10.1177/22808000231193524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Wear and surface hardness of resin composites are of relevance from the clinical standpoint. With the incorporation of novel filler system, more studies need to be performed to investigate newly marketed resin composites. The objective of this study was to investigate the abrasive wear and surface hardness of dental restorative with different filler types. METHODS Nanohybrid filled Harmonize (HM) and Tetric N-Ceram (TNC), microhybrid filled Filtek Z250 (Z250), nanofilled Filtek Z350 (Z350) were included in the study. Twelve cylindrical resin composites specimens with 10 mm in diameter and 6 mm in thickness were prepared for abrasive wear test. Eight hundred cycles under 17 kg load were conducted for final wear by CW3-1 wear machine. The specimen was cleaned with an ultrasonic unit for 3 min followed with drying procedure. After measurement of weight loss and the density of specimens, the specimens were kept for measurement of surface hardness. Surface hardness was measured using a micro-hardness tester with a Vickers diamond indenter after polishing. Three specimens of each material were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after the abrasion to evaluate the morphology of the surface. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey HSD test (α = .05). RESULTS Z250 performed the least volume wear loss (41.1 ± 2.1 mm3), as well as the hardest value (102.7 ± 2.9 HV). There was no significant difference with the volume wear loss (p = 1.000) and surface hardness (p = 0.874) of HM and TNC. SEM images of nanohybrid filled HM and TNC represented smoother surface compared with other types of resin composites. CONCLUSIONS Microhybrid Z250 showed the highest wear resistance and surface hardness, nanofilled and nanohybrid resin composites may still face the insufficient of wear and surface hardness quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Ordos Central Hospital & Ordos School of Clinical Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hilgemberg B, de Siqueira FSF, Cardenas AFM, Ribeiro JL, Dávila-Sánchez A, Sauro S, Loguercio AD, Arrais CAG. Effect of Bonding Protocols on the Performance of Luting Agents Applied to CAD-CAM Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6004. [PMID: 36079385 PMCID: PMC9457303 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bonding strategies on the micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of luting agents to CAD−CAM composites. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectroscopy by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyze the surfaces of the composite before and after bonding treatment. Three CAD−CAM composites were evaluated: Lava Ultimate restorative (LU), Brava Blocks (BR), and Vita Enamic (VE). The LU and BR surfaces were sandblasted using aluminum oxide, while the VE surfaces were etched using a 5% hydrofluoric acid gel according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. All surfaces were subjected to the following bonding strategies (n = 15): adhesive with silane and MDP (ScotchBond Universal, 3M Oral Care, St Paul, MI, USA); adhesive with MDP (Ambar Universal, FGM, Joinville, Brazil); adhesive without silane or MDP (Prime&Bond Elect, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), pure silane without MDP (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), and pure silane with MDP (Monobond N, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstei). Afterwards, tygons were filled with RelyX Ultimate (3M Oral Care), AllCem (FGM), or Enforce (Dentsply Sirona), which were light-cured and subjected to the μSBS test. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Additional blocks (n = 15) were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) before and after the surface treatment. The μSBS values on VE surfaces were higher than those observed on LU and BR surfaces (p < 0.001). Silane without MDP (Allcem) promoted the highest μSBS values, while silane with MDP (RelyX Ultimate) provided the highest values among all bonding strategies (p < 0.001). Enforce promoted no significant difference in μSBS values. SEM and EDS analyses detected noticeable changes to the surface morphology and composition after the surface treatment. The effectiveness of the bonding strategy may vary according not only to the CAD−CAM composite but also to resin cement/bonding agent/silane used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Hilgemberg
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josiane Loch Ribeiro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
| | - Andrés Dávila-Sánchez
- Departmento de Odontología Restauradora y Materiales Dentales, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Pampite y Diego de Robles, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departmento de Odontologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad, CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Galvao Arrais
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 840030-900, Brazil
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Abad-Coronel C, Palomeque A, Mena Córdova N, Aliaga P. Digital Volumetric Analysis of CAD/CAM Polymeric Materials after Tooth Brushing. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173499. [PMID: 36080574 PMCID: PMC9459686 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the volumetric wear of four composite materials for CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) systems. The materials evaluated were: Cerasmart (CER), Shofu Block HC (SBH), Tetric CAD (TEC) and Brava (BRA). All the samples (n = 40) were subjected to simulated brushing (100,000 cycles). Wear was evaluated by superimposing pre-and post-brushing scans obtained with an intraoral optical scanner (CEREC Primescan; Dentsply Sirona, Germany), which were subsequently imported into the OraCheck software 5.0 (Dentsply Sirona, Germany). The data were analyzed by ANOVA test and Tukey’s HSD test was used for multiple comparisons. Cerasmart showed the least wear after brushing. All the tested materials exhibited mass loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Abad-Coronel
- Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Department of Digital Dentistry and CAD/CAM Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Palomeque
- Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Nancy Mena Córdova
- Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Paulina Aliaga
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito 170901, Ecuador
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Punset M, Brizuela A, Pérez-Pevida E, Herrero-Climent M, Manero JM, Gil J. Mechanical Characterization of Dental Prostheses Manufactured with PMMA-Graphene Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15155391. [PMID: 35955326 PMCID: PMC9369515 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of a PMMA composite with graphene is being commercialized for application as dental prostheses. The different proportions of fibers provide a wide range of colors that favors dental esthetics in prostheses. However, there are no studies that have explained the influence that graphene has on the mechanical properties. In this contribution, we studied the PMMA and PMMA material with graphene fibers (PMMA-G) in the form of discs as supplied for machining. The presence of graphene fibers has been studied by Raman spectroscopy and the Shore hardness and Vickers micro hardness were determined. Mechanical compression tests were carried out to obtain the values of maximum strength and Young’s modulus (E) and by means of pin-on-disc wear tests, the specific wear rate and the friction coefficients were determined following the established international standards. Finally, the samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to characterize the graphene’s morphology inside the PMMA. The results showed the presence of graphene in PMMA and was estimated in an amount of 0.1027% by weight in G-PMMA. The Shore hardness and Vickers microhardness values did not show statistically significant differences. Differences were observed in the compression maximum strength (129.43 MPa for PMMA and 140.23 for PMMA-G) and E values (2.01 for PMMA and 2.89 GPa for PMMA-G) as well as in the lower wear rate for the G-PMMA samples (1.93 × 10−7 for PMMA and 1.33 × 10−7 mm3/N·m) with a p < 0.005. The coefficients of friction for PMMA-G decreased from 0.4032 for PMMA to 0.4001 for PMMA-G. From the results obtained, a slight content in graphene produced a significant improvement in the mechanical properties that could be observed in the prosthesis material. Therefore, we can state that the main attraction of this material for dental prosthesis is its esthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Punset
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- UPC Innovation and Technology Center (CIT-UPC), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 3-1, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aritza Brizuela
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, C/del Padre Julio Chevalier 2., 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Esteban Pérez-Pevida
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, C/del Padre Julio Chevalier 2., 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - José Maria Manero
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group (BBT), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Av. Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, International University of Catalonia, Josep Trueta s/n., 08195 Barcelona, Spain
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Sert M, Çakmak G, Subaşı MG, Donmez MB, Yilmaz B. Effect of different surface treatments and thermomechanical aging on the ion elution of CAD-CAM materials. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 127:926.e1-926.e10. [PMID: 35491257 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Dental ceramics have been reported to elute ions when subjected to nonneutral pH. However, the effect of surface treatments and thermomechanical aging on the ion elution of CAD-CAM ceramics is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of surface treatment (glazed or polished) and thermomechanical aging on the ion elution of CAD-CAM materials before and after 2-body wear simulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens were prepared from 6 CAD-CAM materials-leucite (LC), feldspathic (FP), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS), lithium disilicate (LDS) glass-ceramics, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN), and zirconia (ZIR)-and divided into 2 groups according to the surface treatments (glazed or polished) (n=6). For baseline ion elution values, specimens were placed into polyethylene bottles containing deionized water (pH 7.4) that had been stored in an incubator for 168 hours at 37 °C. The eluted ions in the immersion solution were measured by using inductively coupled plasma-optic emission spectrophotometry. The specimens were then subjected to thermomechanical aging by using human enamel as an antagonist. After aging, the ion elution of the specimens was remeasured. Ion elution data before and after 2-body wear were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U test, while the effect of 2-body wear was assessed by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test (α=.05). RESULTS The presence of some ions varied depending on the material-surface treatment pair before (Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, and Zn) and after (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Co, Li, Mg, and P) 2-body wear. Polished materials had higher ion elution than the glazed materials before 2-body wear (P≤.041), except for LC (P and Zn) and PICN (Ca, Cu, and K) (P≤.009). After 2-body wear, polished LC (B and Ba), FP (Al, B, and Mg), ZLS (Al, Ba, Ca, and Li), ZIR (B and Ba), glazed PICN (Ca, Mg, and P), ZLS (P), and ZIR (Co) presented higher ion elution than their counterparts (P≤.041). The effect of 2-body wear on the ion elution of polished LC (Al, K), FP (Na), ZLS (Li), LDS (K, Na), PICN (Al, Na), ZIR (Na, Y), glazed LC (Na), FP (Ba, Na), ZLS (B, Ba, Y), LDS (Na), PICN (Y), and ZIR (Na) was nonsignificant (P≥.075). However, the elution of remaining ions showed a significant difference before and after 2-body wear (P≤.046). CONCLUSIONS The chemical stability of tested CAD-CAM materials was affected by the 2-body wear. Glazing led to a lower ion elution except for LDS and PICN. While polishing resulted in lower ion elution for PICN, both surface treatments resulted in similar ion elution for LDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sert
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülce Çakmak
- Buser Foundation Scholar for Implant Dentistry, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Meryem Gülce Subaşı
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Kütahya Health Sciences University Faculty of Dentistry, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Borga Donmez
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, İstinye University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey; Associate Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Visiting Researcher, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Associate Professor, Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Adjunct Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
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19
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Ha R, Tsuchida Y, Shiozawa M, Takahashi H. Effect of thickness on color appearance of multilayer CAD/CAM composite resin blocks. Odontology 2022; 110:664-672. [PMID: 35322319 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00701-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness on the color appearance and translucency parameter (TP) of multilayer CAD/CAM composite resin blocks. Four brands of A3-shade multilayer CAD/CAM composite resin blocks were examined (Katana Avencia, CERASMART Multi, KZR-CAD HR Block 4 E-va, and Block HC Hard AN). Six specimens of five thicknesses were prepared for each brand, yielding 120 specimens in total. CIEL*a*b* values were determined using a spectrophotometer against black and white backgrounds, and the TP was calculated. The color differences (ΔE00) between layers (cervical/middle/incisal) and brands for each thickness against the black background were calculated using the CIEDE2000 system. As a result, on the black background, L* of the incisal layer was greater while a* and b* were smaller than those of the cervical layer for all brands. The ΔE00 values between the cervical and middle layers (1.23-3.27) were smaller than those between the cervical and incisal layers (3.98-5.67) and those between the middle and incisal layers (3.14-5.92). TP decreased with increasing block thickness. Some TP differences between layers were significant, but they were less than 2.75. In conclusion, the color appearance of CAD/CAM blocks was significantly influenced by both the thickness and layer. L*a*b* decreased with thickness, and a negative exponential relationship between TP and thickness was observed for all layers and brands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roubing Ha
- Department of Digital Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yumi Tsuchida
- Department of Digital Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Maho Shiozawa
- Department of Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Course for Oral Engineering, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
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Yadav R, Meena A, Patnaik A. Biomaterials for dental composite applications: A comprehensive review of physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, tribological, and biological properties. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Yadav
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - Anoj Meena
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan India
| | - Amar Patnaik
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Rajasthan India
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Effectiveness of surface treatment on bond strength of ceramic brackets to two types of CAD/CAM-prepared nanohybrid composites. J Orofac Orthop 2022; 84:123-132. [PMID: 35190866 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-022-00377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the influence of surface treatment on the shear bond strength of two different adhesive-coated orthodontic ceramic brackets to computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) nanohybrid composite. METHODS A total of 120 specimens (10 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) were prepared from each type of CAD/CAM block (Grandio [GR], VOCO Cuxhaven, Germany; Lava Ultimate [LU], 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). For each type of CAD/CAM block, the plates were divided into four groups based on the applied surface treatment: hydrofluoric acid (HF), grinding bur (GB), silica coating with CoJet system (CS), and titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) 2 wt/v%. Maxillary central incisors of adhesive-coated ceramic orthodontic brackets (APC Flash-free Clarity Advanced Ceramic, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) were bonded using Transbond XT Primer (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA). Shear bond strength was conducted, and the modes of failure were assessed utilizing the adhesive remnant index. Surface roughness and topography of treated CAD/CAM were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. The Weibull analysis was conducted on shear bond strength data. RESULTS Surface treatment with 2% TiF4 wt/v revealed significantly higher bond strength (GR, 14.51 ± 2.57 MPa; LU, 11.19 ± 2.17 MPa) than other groups for both types of CAD/CAM restorative materials (p < 0.05). Adhesive failures were the predominant mode of failure. Surface treatment with CS revealed higher surface roughness than other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Surface treatment with 2% TiF4 wt/v enhanced the adhesion between orthodontic ceramic brackets to GR and LU CAD/CAM composite restorative materials. GR CAD/CAM nanohybrid composite had higher bond strength than LU to ceramic orthodontic brackets.
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Niem T, Gonschorek S, Wöstmann B. Investigation of the Damping Capabilities of Different Resin-Based CAD/CAM Restorative Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030493. [PMID: 35160480 PMCID: PMC8839232 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate and quantify the damping properties of common resin-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restorative materials (CRMs) and assess their energy dissipation abilities. Leeb hardness (HLD), together with its deduced energy dissipation data (HLDdis), and loss tangent values recorded via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were determined for six polymer, four composite, and one ceramic CRM as well as one metal. Data were statistically analyzed. Among resin-based CRMs, the significantly highest HLDdis data were detected for the fiber-reinforced composite FD (p < 0.001) directly followed by the filler-reinforced Ambarino High Class (p < 0.001). The significantly lowest HLDdis values were observed for the polymer-based CRM Telio CAD (p < 0.001). For loss tangent, both PEEK materials showed the significantly lowest data and the polymer-based M-PM the highest results with all composite CRMs in between. HLDdis data, which simultaneously record the energy dissipation mechanism of plastic material deformation, more precisely characterize the damping behavior of resin-based CRMs compared to loss tangent results that merely describe viscoelastic material behavior. Depending on material composition, resin-based CRMs reveal extremely different ratios of viscoelastic damping but frequently show enhanced HLDdis values because of plastic material deformation. Future developments in CAD/CAM restorative technology should focus on developing improved viscoelastic damping effects.
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Schmeiser F, Arbogast F, Ruppel H, Mayinger F, Reymus M, Stawarczyk B. Methodology investigation: Impact of crown geometry, crown, abutment and antagonist material and thermal loading on the two-body wear of dental materials. Dent Mater 2021; 38:266-280. [PMID: 34953628 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of crown geometry, crown/abutment/antagonist material and thermal loading on the two-body wear of dental materials caused by chewing simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the crown geometry, crowns (polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and silicate ceramic (SiO2)) were milled with a flat, steep, or medium cusp inclination (CINC). For the crown/abutment material, crowns (PMMA, PEEK and SiO2) were combined with PMMA, polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network (PICN), cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr) and natural teeth (ENAM) abutments. For the antagonist material, antagonists were fabricated from PICN, CAD/CAM resin composite (RECO), steatite (STEA), steel (STL) and ENAM and tested against flat specimens (substrates) made of veneering ceramic (VC). For thermal loading, the duration (30 s, 60 s, 120 s) and presence of temperature changes (37 °C versus 5 °C/55 °C) was varied. Material losses were determined by matching scanned specimens before and after aging (400,000 chewing cycles, 50 N, 1.3 Hz). Martens parameters were determined for the antagonists/substrates. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov-test, Kruskal-Wallis H, Scheffé-Post-Hoc-tests, pairwise comparisons, Bonferroni correction, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney-U and Spearman rho. RESULTS PMMA crowns presented the highest and PEEK the lowest material losses. Flat CINC showed the lowest material losses for PEEK and SiO2 crowns. CoCr and ENAM abutments presented material losses in the same range. Antagonist and cumulative material losses for RECO and ENAM were similar. Thermal loading did not influence material losses. SIGNIFICANCE Crown geometry influences the crown and antagonists wear, with an increased cusp inclination entailing increased wear. For in vitro set-ups, CoCr abutments and RECO antagonists present valid alternatives to natural teeth. For polymers, in vitro chewing simulations may be performed at a constant temperature (37 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schmeiser
- Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Fee Arbogast
- Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Ruppel
- Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Felicitas Mayinger
- Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Reymus
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Dental Material Unit, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Alamoush RA, Salim NA, Silikas N, Satterthwaite JD. Long-term hydrolytic stability of CAD/CAM composite blocks. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 130:e12834. [PMID: 34897842 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess water sorption and solubility of CAD/CAM composite blocks compared to CAD/CAM ceramic after 8 months storage in water and artificial saliva. Eight CAD/CAM blocks were investigated: Five resin-composite blocks (RCBs), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block, and one feldspathic ceramic block. One hundred and twelve specimens were prepared comprising 14 specimens of each of the eight materials. From each group of specimens, seven randomly selected specimens were immersed in 10 mL of water, while the other seven specimens were immersed in artificial saliva. All specimens were stored at 37°C and weighed at various time intervals. The data were analysed via repeat measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05 for all tests). Sorption values (mean [SD]) in water were within the range -1.21 (0.4) to 39.3 (2.1) μg/mm3 and in artificial saliva between -0.7 (0.2) and 41.6 (1.3) μg/mm3 . Solubility values in water were between -0.43 (0.08) and 0.34 (0.18) μg/mm3 and in artificial saliva between -0.53 (0.07) μg/mm3 and 0.33 (0.2) μg/mm3 . CAD/CAM composite blocks were hydrolytically stable under long-term storage (according to ISO 4949:2009), although not as stable as ceramic. Water sorption of CAD/CAM composite blocks was dependent on the resin-matrix and was influenced by the filler weight %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Prosthodontics Department, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nesreen A Salim
- Prosthodontics Department, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nick Silikas
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Thermoanalytical Investigations on the Influence of Storage Time in Water of Resin-Based CAD/CAM Materials. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121779. [PMID: 34944594 PMCID: PMC8698771 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
New resin-based composites and resin-infiltrated ceramics are used to fabricate computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)-based restorations, although little information is available on the long-term performance of these materials. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of storage time (24 h, 90 days, 180 days) on the thermophysical properties of resin-based CAD/CAM materials. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used in the study. TGA provided insight into the composition of the resin-based materials and the influence of internal plasticization and water sorption. Resin-based composites showed different decomposition, heat energy and mechanical behavior, which was influenced by storage time in water. Individual materials such as Grandio bloc showed lower influence of water storage while maintaining good mechanical properties.
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Abhay SS, Ganapathy D, Veeraiyan DN, Ariga P, Heboyan A, Amornvit P, Rokaya D, Srimaneepong V. Wear Resistance, Color Stability and Displacement Resistance of Milled PEEK Crowns Compared to Zirconia Crowns under Stimulated Chewing and High-Performance Aging. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213761. [PMID: 34771318 PMCID: PMC8587121 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been introduced to the dental market as a high-performance and chemically inert biomaterial. This study aimed to compare the wear resistance, abrasiveness, color stability, and displacement resistance of zirconia and PEEK milled crowns. An ideal tooth preparation of a first maxillary molar was done and scanned by an intraoral scanner to make a digital model. Then, the prosthetic crown was digitally designed on the CAD software, and the STL file was milled in zirconia (CaroZiir S, Carol Zircolite Pvt. Ltd., Gujarat, India) and PEEK (BioHpp, Bredent GmbH, Senden, Germany) crowns using five-axis CNC milling machines. The wear resistance, color stability, and displacement resistance of the milled monolithic zirconia with unfilled PEEK crowns using a chewing simulator with thermocyclic aging (120,000 cycles) were compared. The antagonist wear, material wear, color stability, and displacement were evaluated and compared among the groups using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test. Zirconia was shown to be three times more abrasive than PEEK (p value < 0.05). Zirconia had twice the wear resistance of PEEK (p value < 0.05). Zirconia was more color stable than PEEK (p value < 0.05). PEEK had more displacement resistance than zirconia (p value < 0.05). PEEK offers minimal abrasion, better stress modulation through plastic deformation, and good color stability, which make it a promising alternative to zirconia crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Shah Abhay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (S.S.A.); (D.G.); (D.N.V.); (P.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Dhanraj Ganapathy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (S.S.A.); (D.G.); (D.N.V.); (P.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Deepak Nallaswamy Veeraiyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (S.S.A.); (D.G.); (D.N.V.); (P.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Padma Ariga
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (S.S.A.); (D.G.); (D.N.V.); (P.A.); (A.H.)
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India; (S.S.A.); (D.G.); (D.N.V.); (P.A.); (A.H.)
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Str. Koryun 2, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Pokpong Amornvit
- Golden Jubilee Medical Centre, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Salaya 73170, Thailand;
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (V.S.); Tel.: +66-2218-8535 (V.S.)
| | - Viritpon Srimaneepong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (V.S.); Tel.: +66-2218-8535 (V.S.)
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Diken Turksayar AA, Hisarbeyli D, Seçkin Kelten Ö, Bulucu NB. Wear behavior of current computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing composites and reinforced high performance polymers: An in vitro study. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 34:527-533. [PMID: 34655152 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the wear rate of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composites, polyetheretherketones and glass ceramics. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our study groups were prepared from two different resin-based composites (Brillant Crios, Cerasmart), a glass ceramic (IPS Emax CAD) and reinforced polyetheretherketone (BioHPP) material (n = 10). Premolar teeth were used as antagonists. The specimens, which were subjected to two body wear tests (240,000 cycles, 1.2 Hz, 50N) in the chewing simulator, were scanned with a 3D laser scanner both before and after the wear test. Volume loss and wear depth were determined by means of the obtained images software program. The wear pattern was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Kruskal Wallis test served for analyzing. RESULTS The least volume loss and wear depth were seen in the polyetheretherketone material (0.06 ± 0.04 mm3 , 0.02 ± 0.01 mm), while the maximum volume loss was seen in the groups containing resin-based composite. (p = 0.05). The volume loss value in glass ceramics is between CAD/CAM composites and polyetheretherketone. CONCLUSION The behavior of polyetheretherketone against enamel was different from glass ceramics and composite materials in terms of the amount of wear. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Polyetheretheketone can be considered as an alternative to other chairside materials in terms of wear resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duygu Hisarbeyli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oral and Dental Health Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Seçkin Kelten
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oral and Health Center, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Naime Bilinç Bulucu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biruni University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Rocha Gomes Torres C, Caroline Moreira Andrade A, Valente Pinho Mafetano AP, Stabile de Abreu F, de Souza Andrade D, Cintra Mailart M, Aun de Barros Lima Rocha Campello de Souza ML, Guimarães Alarça Nunes L, Ariel Rodrigues de Araújo C, Di Nicoló R, Bühler Borges A. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing indirect versus direct composite restorations: A randomized clinical trial. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2021; 34:776-788. [PMID: 34590418 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the clinical performance of large indirect restorations (IRs) versus direct restorations (DRs) in posterior teeth. METHODS Thirty subjects received two class II restorations (n = 60), one fabricated from a precured composite block (Grandio Blocs, VOCO) for the indirect technique (IT) and the other with light-cured composite (GrandioSO, VOCO) for the direct technique (DT). For IT, the restoration was created using the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturer (CAD/CAM) system. For DT, the material was applied light-cured by using a layering technique. All restorations were evaluated by using the World Dental Federation criteria. RESULTS Twenty-three subjects attended the 2-year recall, and 46 restorations were evaluated. No significant differences were detected between the techniques for most parameters analyzed (p > 0.05). For "color match" at 7 days and 6 months, better results were observed for the DT. In relation to the overall scores, all restorations were esthetically acceptable after 2 years, while 93.3% of DT and 90% of IT showed acceptable function. For biological scores, 96.67% of DRs and 100% of IRs was acceptable after 24 months. Considering all properties, the success rates were 93.3% for DRs and 90% for IRs. CONCLUSIONS After 2 years, both restorations presented similar and good clinical behavior for all the properties analyzed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Light-cured direct posterior composite restorations may perform similarly to indirect composite restorations made with precured CAD/CAM composite blocks up to 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fabrícia Stabile de Abreu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Souza Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cintra Mailart
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Guimarães Alarça Nunes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rebeca Di Nicoló
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kihara T, Ikawa T, Shigeta Y, Shigemoto S, Ihara K, Sasaki K, Hirai K, Ogawa T. Considerations for the selection of interim restoration materials using wear test results. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:176-183. [PMID: 34321371 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the wear of resin materials using two-body wear tests and to verify a selection method for optimal interim restoration materials from findings of a diagnostic occlusal dev ice. METHODS Specimens were prepared from nine different resins used for diagnostic occlusal devices (soft resin) and interim restorations. Wear tests were conducted using an abrasion testing machine. The resulting wear on resin specimens and antagonist stainless-steel styluses was measured using a laser confocal scanning microscope, and the surface conditions were observed through a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test. The findings of the previous study on diagnostic occlusal devices were referred to in order to verify the selection method of optimal interim restoration materials. RESULTS The maximum wear depth of the soft resin specimens was significantly greater than that of the other specimens (p<0.05) and was equivalent to the wear depth of a diagnostic occlusal device used for 14 nights. The wear of bis-acryl resin material was shallower than that of the other materials (Polymethyl methacrylate and polyethyl methacrylate), and its antagonist stylus was significantly worn (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the previous and present studies showed a relationship among the parameters of Electromyography, wear depth of the diagnostic occlusal device, and wear of materials used for interim restorations. Findings related to bruxism can guide in the selection of interim restoration material and the determination of a suitable duration of wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kihara
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Tomoko Ikawa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Yuko Shigeta
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Shuji Shigemoto
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Keisuke Ihara
- Dental Technician Training Institute, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Keita Sasaki
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Kentaro Hirai
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
| | - Takumi Ogawa
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama
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In-vivo-wear in composite and ceramic full mouth rehabilitations over 3 years. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14056. [PMID: 34234225 PMCID: PMC8263767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93425-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify and to compare the wear rates of premolar (PM) and molar (M) restorations of lithium disilicate ceramic (LS2) and an experimental CAD/CAM polymer (COMP) in cases of complex rehabilitations with changes in vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO). Twelve patients with severe tooth wear underwent prosthetic rehabilitation, restoring the VDO with antagonistic occlusal coverage restorations either out of LS2 (n = 6 patients, n = 16 posterior restorations/patient; N = 96 restorations/year) or COMP (n = 6 patients; n = 16 posterior restorations/patient; N = 96 restorations/year). Data was obtained by digitalization of plaster casts with a laboratory scanner at annual recalls (350 ± 86 days; 755 ± 92 days; 1102 ± 97 days). Each annual recall dataset of premolar and molar restorations (N = 192) was overlaid individually with the corresponding baseline dataset using an iterative best-fit method. Mean vertical loss of the occlusal contact areas (OCAs) was calculated for each restoration and recall time. For LS2 restorations, the mean wear rate per month over 1 year was 7.5 ± 3.4 μm (PM), 7.8 ± 2.0 μm (M), over 2 years 3.8 ± 1.6 µm (PM), 4.4 ± 1.5 µm (M), over 3 years 2.8 ± 1.3 µm (PM), 3.4 ± 1.7 µm (M). For COMP restorations, the mean wear rate per month over 1 year was 15.5 ± 8.9 μm (PM), 28.5 ± 20.2 μm (M), over 2 years 9.2 ± 5.9 µm (PM), 16.7 ± 14.9 µm (M), over 3 years 8.6 ± 5.3 µm (PM), 9.5 ± 8.0 µm (M). Three COMP restorations fractured after two years and therefore were not considered in the 3-year results. The wear rates in the LS2 group showed significant differences between premolars and molars restorations (p = 0.041; p = 0.023; p = 0.045). The wear rates in COMP group differed significantly between premolars and molars only in the first two years (p < 0.0001; p = 0.007). COMP restorations show much higher wear rates compared to LS2. The presented results suggest that with increasing time in situ, the monthly wear rates for both materials decreased over time. On the basis of this limited dataset, both LS2 and COMP restorations show reasonable clinical wear rates after 3 years follow-up. Wear of COMP restorations was higher, however prosthodontic treatment was less invasive. LS2 showed less wear, yet tooth preparation was necessary. Clinicians should balance well between necessary preparation invasiveness and long-term occlusal stability in patients with worn dentitions.
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Myagmar G, Lee JH, Ahn JS, Yeo ISL, Yoon HI, Han JS. Wear of 3D printed and CAD/CAM milled interim resin materials after chewing simulation. J Adv Prosthodont 2021; 13:144-151. [PMID: 34234924 PMCID: PMC8250192 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2021.13.3.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the wear resistance and surface roughness of three interim resin materials, which were subjected to chewing simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three interim resin materials were evaluated: (1) three-dimensional (3D) printed (digital light processing type), (2) computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milled, and (3) conventional polymethyl methacrylate interim resin materials. A total of 48 substrate specimens were prepared. The specimens were divided into two subgroups and subjected to 30,000 or 60,000 cycles of chewing simulation (n = 8). The wear volume loss and surface roughness of the materials were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation values of wear volume loss (in mm3) against the metal abrader after 60,000 cycles were 0.10 ± 0.01 for the 3D printed resin, 0.21 ± 0.02 for the milled resin, and 0.44 ± 0.01 for the conventional resin. Statistically significant differences among volume losses were found in the order of 3D printed, milled, and conventional interim materials (P<.001). After 60,000 cycles of simulated chewing, the mean surface roughness (Ra; μm) values for 3D printed, milled, and conventional materials were 0.59 ± 0.06, 1.27 ± 0.49, and 1.64 ± 0.44, respectively. A significant difference was found in the Ra value between 3D printed and conventional materials (P=.01). CONCLUSION The interim restorative materials for additive and subtractive manufacturing digital technologies exhibited less wear volume loss than the conventional interim resin. The 3D printed interim restorative material showed a smoother surface than the conventional interim material after simulated chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerelmaa Myagmar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Ahn
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sung Luke Yeo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-In Yoon
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Han
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Characterisation of the Filler Fraction in CAD/CAM Resin-Based Composites. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081986. [PMID: 33921076 PMCID: PMC8071413 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The performance of dental resin-based composites (RBCs) heavily depends on the characteristic properties of the individual filler fraction. As specific information regarding the properties of the filler fraction is often missing, the current study aims to characterize the filler fractions of several contemporary computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) RBCs from a material science point of view. The filler fractions of seven commercially available CAD/CAM RBCs featuring different translucency variants were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Micro-X-ray Computed Tomography (µXCT), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). All CAD/CAM RBCs investigated included midifill hybrid type filler fractions, and the size of the individual particles was clearly larger than the individual specifications of the manufacturer. The fillers in Shofu Block HC featured a sphericity of ≈0.8, while it was <0.7 in all other RBCs. All RBCs featured only X-ray amorphous phases. However, in Lava Ultimate, zircon crystals with low crystallinity were detected. In some CAD/CAM RBCs, inhomogeneities (X-ray opaque fillers or pores) with a size <80 µm were identified, but the effects were minor in relation to the total volume (<0.01 vol.%). The characteristic parameters of the filler fraction in RBCs are essential for the interpretation of the individual material's mechanical and optical properties.
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Mayer J, Stawarczyk B, Vogt K, Hickel R, Edelhoff D, Reymus M. Influence of cleaning methods after 3D printing on two-body wear and fracture load of resin-based temporary crown and bridge material. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5987-5996. [PMID: 33811531 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of different cleaning methods on the fracture load and two-body wear of additively manufactured three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDP) for long-term temporary use, compared to the respective outcomes of milled provisional PMMA FDPs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Shape congruent three-unit FDPs were 3D printed using three different resin-based materials [FPT, GCT, NMF] or milled [TEL] (N = 48, n = 16 per group). After printing, the FDPs were cleaned using: Isopropanol (ISO), Yellow Magic 7 (YEL), or centrifugal force (CEN). Chewing simulation was carried out with a vertical load of 50 N (480,000 × 5 °C/55 °C). Two-body wear and fracture load were measured. Data were analyzed using global univariate ANOVA with partial eta squared, Kruskal-Wallis H, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman's rho test (p < 0.05). RESULTS TEL showed less wear resistance than FPT (p = 0.001) for all cleaning methods tested. Concerning vertical material loss, NMF and GCT were in the same range of value (p = 0.419-0.997), except within FDPs cleaned in ISO (p = 0.021). FPT showed no impact of cleaning method on wear resistance (p = 0.219-0.692). TEL (p < 0.001) showed the highest and FPT (p < 0.001) the lowest fracture load. Regarding the cleaning methods, specimens treated with ISO showed lower fracture load than specimens cleaned with CEN (p = 0.044) or YEL (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS The material selection and the cleaning method can have an impact on two-body wear and fracture load results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Printed restorations showed superior two-body wear resistance compared to milled FDPs but lower fracture load values. Regarding cleaning methods, ISO showed a negative effect on fracture load compared to the other methods tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Mayer
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Vogt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hickel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Edelhoff
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Reymus
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Flexural strength of CAD-CAM and conventional interim resin materials with a surface sealant. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 124:800.e1-800.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Stawarczyk B, Brauneis M, Langwieder B, Spintzyk S, Eichberger M, Liebermann A. Mechanical and optical properties of indirect veneering resin composites after different aging regimes. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:279-287. [PMID: 33208573 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study tested and compared properties of six modern indirect veneering resin composites (VRC), namely Ceramage (Shofu), dialog Vario (Schütz Dental), Gradia Plus (GC Europe), in:joy (Dentsply), Signum composite (Heraeus Kulzer), and SR Nexco (Ivoclar Vivadent). Specimens were fabricated from dentin and enamel pastes and following properties were analyzed: (1) two-body wear (TB), (2) surface roughness (SR), (3) Martens hardness parameters (HM and EIT), and (4) translucency (T). The highest impact on HM and EIT was exerted by VRC brand (HM: ηP2=0.960/ EIT: ηP2=0.968; p<0.001), followed by VRC paste material (HM: ηP2=0.502/ EIT: ηP2=0.580; p<0.001), and aging duration (HM: ηP2=0.157/ EIT: ηP2=0.112; p<0.001). Lowest and highest TB were measured for Signum composite and dialog Vario, respectively (p<0.001). Highest T was showed Signum composite and Ceramage (p<0.001). VRCs should be individually selected with respect to the indication area, due to different surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sebastian Spintzyk
- Section Medical Materials Science and Technology, University Hospital Tübingen
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Mayinger F, Lümkemann N, Musik M, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Comparison of mechanical properties of different reinforced glass-ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 127:146-153. [PMID: 33168175 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Data concerning the mechanical properties of the newly developed lithium disilicate ceramic HS10PC are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the flexural strength (FS), Martens hardness (HM), indentation modulus (EIT), fracture load (FL), and wear resistance (WR) of HS10PC compared with those of the established glass-ceramics IPS e.max Press and IPS Empress Esthetic. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four pressable glass-ceramics were examined: HS10PC (estetic ceram ag), IPS e.max Press low translucency (LT) and high translucency (HT; Ivoclar Vivadent AG), and IPS Empress Esthetic (ES; Ivoclar Vivadent AG). For each material, a total of 85 specimens were fabricated. Specimens were subdivided into 4 groups for FS (n=30), HM, EIT (n=10), and FL measurement according to the Voss test after artificial aging in an autoclave (n=15), artificial aging in a mastication simulator (n=15), and no artificial aging (n=15). In addition, WR (n=10) was measured after 240 000, 600 000, and 1 200 000 masticatory cycles. Data were statistically analyzed using the global univariate ANOVA, the Scheffé post hoc and paired t tests, and Weibull distribution (α=.05). RESULTS HT showed the highest FS, while ES presented the lowest FS of all groups (P<.001). ES showed lower values for HM (P<.001), EIT (P<.001), and FL for specimens treated in an autoclave and mastication simulator (P<.001) compared with all other groups. An increase in the wear of the ceramic and enamel antagonist between 240 000 and 1 200 000 masticatory cycles was observed for all groups (P<.001). After 1 200 000 masticatory cycles, HS10PC presented less wear of the ceramic than the other 3 materials (P=.003). CONCLUSIONS The newly developed lithium disilicate ceramic HS10PC showed comparable results with the established IPS e.max Press for FS, HM, EIT, FL, and WR. Lithium disilicate ceramics presented higher mechanical results than the leucite-reinforced ES, with all the ceramics showing similar results for the WR of the enamel antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicitas Mayinger
- Research Associate, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nina Lümkemann
- Research Associate, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martyna Musik
- Research Associate, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marlis Eichberger
- Dental Technician, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Head of Dental Material Research, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Schmidt A, Schrader P, Frendel K, Schlenz MA, WÖstmann B, Kolling S. Is the assumption of linear elasticity within prosthodontics valid for polymers? -An exemplary study of possible problems. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:52-60. [PMID: 32908044 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As shown in previous studies within other scientific fields, the material behavior of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is viscoelastic-viscoplastic. However, in dental biomaterial science it is mostly considered as linear elastic or elastic-plastic. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, whether the assumption of elastic or elastic-plastic material behavior for PMMA is a practicable simplification or a potential source of error, especially considering clinical loading conditions. Telio-CAD was tested in three-point bending tests with different test velocities to examine the material behavior at different initial loading rates. Additionally, a dynamic-mechanical-thermal-analysis at different frequencies and temperatures was used. Here, a significant influence of loading rate and temperature as well as stress relaxation and creep were observed. To describe the rate-dependency of the elastic modulus, a new model was created, from which the elastic modulus can be calculated with a given strain rate. This model was validated using linear elastic finite element analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmidt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University
| | - Peer Schrader
- Institute of Mechanics and Materials, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen
| | - Kay Frendel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University
| | | | - Bernd WÖstmann
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University
| | - Stefan Kolling
- Institute of Mechanics and Materials, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen
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Díez-Quijano C, Azevedo L, Antonaya-Martín JL, Del Río-Highsmith J, Gómez-Polo M. Evaluation of the clinical behavior of 2 different materials for implant-supported interim fixed partial prostheses: A randomized clinical trial. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 124:351-356. [PMID: 31810613 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Clinical studies about interim implant-supported prostheses made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyoxymethylene (POM) have been limited to clinical reports or studies on the survival of implants subjected to immediate loading without evaluating the influence of the material used. PURPOSE The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical performance of posterior resin interim implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made of 2 different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) materials: PMMA and POM. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 21 participants received 49 interim implant-supported FPDs. The same participant received the PMMA as part of the control group and the POM as part of the experimental group. The restorations were evaluated at 1 week and 3 and 6 months after their placement, using the California Dental Association (CDA) quality-evaluation index. Their functional wear and color stability were also evaluated. Data were analyzed by using nonparametric statistics (α=.05). RESULTS The CDA criteria showed that the PMMA group performed better than the POM group in the surface and color parameter (P<.05). Fractures at the implant connection level were observed in 10 prostheses. The number of fractures was significantly higher in internal conical connection implants (P<.05). The statistical analysis of color stability showed values of ΔE*ab of 7.18 for PMMA and 8.58 for POM, without significant differences between materials. Concerning the wear evaluation, a significant increase in the wear of both materials was found at 6 months of functioning (P<.05). No significant differences were found within materials. CONCLUSIONS Within a 6-month observation period, PMMA interim implant-supported FPDs performed better than POM in the surface and color parameter. Entirely polymer posterior implant-supported FPDs with internal conical connection implants appear to be more susceptible to fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Díez-Quijano
- Researcher, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís Azevedo
- Postgraduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José L Antonaya-Martín
- Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry. Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Del Río-Highsmith
- Full-time Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Polo
- Reader Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Alevizakos V, Mitov G, Teichert F, von See C. The color stability and wear resistance of provisional implant restorations: A prospective clinical study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:568-575. [PMID: 32736414 PMCID: PMC7545226 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present clinical study was to determine the stability of color and resistance against abrasion and attrition of provisional single implant restorations. Material and Methods A group of 16 patients were treated with provisional crowns made of Telio CAD. Shortly before the insertion the crowns were photographed and scanned using a 3D‐laser scanner. After 8 weeks of clinical usage, the crowns were photographed and scanned again. The vertical occlusal wear and color changes between the restorations were measured. Results The occlusal plane of the original crown showed a statistically significant reduction of 0.052 mm ± 0.037 mm 8 weeks after placement (p < .05). For the stability of color, a change in red, green and blue was described. All three scopes (red, green and blue) showed a statistically significant reduction (p < .05). Conclusions This prospective clinical study showed that Telio CAD experienced a significant occlusal reduction and color change after an intraoral placement of 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios Alevizakos
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAMDanube Private UniversityKrems an der DonauAustria
| | - Gergo Mitov
- Center for Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental BiomaterialsDanube Private UniversityKremsAustria
| | - Franziska Teichert
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAMDanube Private UniversityKrems an der DonauAustria
| | - Constantin von See
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAMDanube Private UniversityKrems an der DonauAustria
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Souza J, Fuentes MV, Baena E, Ceballos L. One-year clinical performance of lithium disilicate versus resin composite CAD/CAM onlays. Odontology 2020; 109:259-270. [PMID: 32705420 PMCID: PMC7790784 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To compare the 1-year clinical performance of lithium disilicate and resin composite CAD/CAM onlay restorations. Twenty patients that required two restorations in posterior teeth, with at least one cusp to be covered, received two onlays. One was made with IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar-Vivadent) and the other with Lava Ultimate (3M Oral Care). Two blind observers evaluated the restorations at baseline and 1 year after the onlays were cemented, according to FDI criteria. At each recall, digital photographs, bite-wing radiographs and impressions of the restorations were taken for SEM evaluation of the interface. Results were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests (p < 0.05). At baseline and in the 1-year recall, both CAD/CAM materials exhibited excellent results in most criteria with similar esthetic, functional and biological properties (p > 0.05). However, deterioration in surface lustre (p = 0.020) and color match/translucency (p = 0.039) were detected for IPS e.max CAD onlays after 1-year. Under SEM evaluation, there were no statistically differences in micromorphological criteria at baseline nor after a year between IPS e.max CAD and Lava Ultimate onlays. Conclusion: After 1 year of clinical service IPS e.max CAD and Lava Ultimate onlays showed a similar clinical performance that needs to be confirmed in long-term evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Souza
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO Research Group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mª Victoria Fuentes
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO Research Group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenia Baena
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO Research Group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ceballos
- Area of Stomatology, IDIBO Research Group, Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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Liebermann A, Vehling D, Eichberger M, Stawarczyk B. Impact of storage media and temperature on color stability of tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2020; 17:2280800019836832. [PMID: 31621471 DOI: 10.1177/2280800019836832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This in-vitro study examined the impact of storage solution, storage duration, and storage temperature on discoloration of three tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations. METHODS Specimens (N = 288; n = 96 per material) with a thickness of 1 ± 0.03 mm of the following CAD/CAM materials were fabricated: resin composite (Lava Ultimate, 3M), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), and leucite ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). After baseline measurement, specimens were stored in red wine, curry solution, cress solution, and distilled water at 37°C or 55°C. The discoloration was measured using a spectrophotometer (Lambda 35 Perkin Elmer, Perkin Elmer Inc.) after 1 and 7 days storage. Data were analyzed using four-way ANOVA followed by the Scheffé post-hoc test and partial eta squared (ηP²) test (p < 0.05). RESULTS The highest influence on ∆E was exerted by storage duration (ηP² = 0.295, p < 0.001), followed by storage solution (ηP² = 0.171, p < 0.001), CAD/CAM material (ηP² = 0.049, p < 0.001), and storage temperature (ηP² = 0.033, p < 0.001). Specimens stored for 7 days in staining solutions showed more discoloration than those stored for just 1 day. Higher ∆E values were achieved for specimens stored in curry solution, followed by red wine, cress solution, and distilled water. Resin composite Lava Ultimate showed larger ∆E values compared with the resin hybrid ceramic VITA Enamic and leucite ceramic IPS Empress CAD. Specimens stored at 37°C showed significantly less discoloration than those stored at 55°C. CONCLUSIONS The degree of coloration of the materials depends on food and temperature and was most pronounced with Lava Ultimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Liebermann
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Vehling
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Güth JF, Erdelt K, Keul C, Burian G, Schweiger J, Edelhoff D. In vivo wear of CAD-CAM composite versus lithium disilicate full coverage first-molar restorations: a pilot study over 2 years. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4301-4311. [PMID: 32399736 PMCID: PMC7666668 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To present a digital approach to measure and compare material wear behavior of antagonistic first molar restorations made of an experimental CAD/CAM composite (COMP) and lithium disilicate ceramic (LS2) in patients with reconstructed vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) after generalized hard tissue loss. Methods A total of 12 patients underwent complete full jaw rehabilitation with full occlusal coverage restorations made either of COMP or LS2. The first molar restorations (n = 48) were chosen for wear examination. At annual recall appointments, polyether impressions were taken, and resulting plaster casts were digitalized using a laboratory scanner. Mean observation period was 371 days for first and 769 days for second year. The resulting 96 datasets were analyzed by superimposition of 3-D datasets using an iterative best-fit method. Based on the superimposition data, the wear rates of the occlusal contact areas (OCAs) were calculated. Results For antagonistic restorations made of COMP, the average wear rate was 24.8 ± 13.3 μm/month, while for LS2, it was 9.5 ± 4.3 μm/month in first year, with significant differences (p < 0.0001) between the materials. In second year, monthly wear rates decreased significantly for both materials: COMP (16.2 ± 10.7 μm/month) and LS2 (5.5 ± 3.3 μm/month). Statistical comparison between wear time showed significant differences for both materials: COMP p < 0.037 and LS2 p < 0.001. A logarithmic fit (COMP R2 = 0.081; LS2 R2 = 0.038) of the data was calculated to estimate the wear progression. Significance In patients with reconstructed VDO, restorations made of LS2 show a more stable wear behavior than ones out of experimental CAD/CAM composite. In cases of complete rehabilitation, load bearing CAD/CAM-composite restorations should be critically considered for application due to their occlusal wear behavior. However, when choosing a restorative material, not only the functional occlusal stability should be taken into account but also the prospect of minimally invasive treatment with maximum preservation of natural tooth structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Frederik Güth
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Kurt Erdelt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Keul
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Gintare Burian
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Schweiger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Edelhoff
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
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Sulaiman TA. Materials in digital dentistry—A review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 32:171-181. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taiseer A. Sulaiman
- Division Director of Operative Dentistry and Biomaterials, Department of Restorative SciencesUNC Adams School of Dentistry Chapel Hill North Carolina
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Bitencourt SB, Kanda RY, de Freitas Jorge C, Barão VAR, Sukotjo C, Wee AG, Goiato MC, Pesqueira AA. Long-term stainability of interim prosthetic materials in acidic/staining solutions. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:73-80. [PMID: 31709728 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term color stainability, translucency, and contrast ratio (CR) of different resins used to fabricate interim prostheses after immersion in acidic/staining solutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 160 specimens were divided into 16 groups (n = 10) according to the material (heat-polymerized acrylic resin [HPAR], auto-polymerized acrylic resin [APR], nanoparticulated bis-acrylic resin [BR], and prefabricated poly(methyl methacrylate) block for CAD/CAM [CADR]) and immersion solutions (artificial saliva, cola beverage, coffee, and red wine). A spectrophotometer was used before and after each immersion period (7, 14, 28, 90, and 180 days). Color differences (CIEDE2000 and CIELab) were calculated. A three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni test (α = .05) were used. RESULTS After 180 days, the APR presented the highest value for coffee and the CADR presented the smallest value for the cola (P < .001). For the CR, the highest values were obtained at 180 days for BR in coffee (1.35) and wine (1.18) (P < .001). Higher translucency parameters were obtained in the BR and CADR in the initial, 14, 28, and 90 days (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS From the greatest to the smallest staining potential, the solutions were classified as: wine > coffee > cola beverage > saliva, while for the materials as: APR > BR > HPAR > CADR. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The knowledge of the long-term optical behavior of interim prosthetic materials is important for clinicians to decide which material to use to match the dietary intake of their patients and their esthetic demands. Prefabricated blocks for CAD/CAM systems have been shown to maintaining their optical characteristics even after a long period of immersion in acidic/staining solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro B Bitencourt
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Y Kanda
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline de Freitas Jorge
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alvin G Wee
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Marcelo C Goiato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldiéris A Pesqueira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Aracatuba Dental School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Rosentritt M, Krifka S, Strasser T, Preis V. Fracture force of CAD/CAM resin composite crowns after in vitro aging. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2395-2401. [PMID: 31712983 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of material, preparation, and pre-treatment on the aging and fracture force of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS CAD/CAM molar crowns (n = 80) were milled from four resin composites (Block HC, Shofu; Lava Ultimate, 3 M; Grandio Blocs, Voco; and Tetric CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, with/without sandblasting). Extracted human teeth were prepared with optimal preparation (height 6-8 mm, angle 6-8°) or worst-case preparation (height 3.5-4 mm, angle 10-15°). Both groups were prepared with a 1-mm deep cervical circular shoulder. Crowns were adhesively bonded after corresponding tooth treatment required for the individual adhesive systems (Table 1). Specimens were aged for 90 days in water storage (37 °C) and subsequently subjected to thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TCML 3000 × 5 °C/3000 × 55 °C, 2 min each cycle, H20 distilled; 1.2 × 106 cycles à 50 N, 1.6 Hz). De-bonding and fracture force was determined. STATISTICS one-way-ANOVA; post hoc Bonferroni, α = 0.05. RESULTS Four crowns of Lava Ultimate with worst-case preparation de-bonded during TCML. Individual crowns without sandblasting treatment (3x Tetric CAD with optimal preparation; 1x Tetric CAD with worst-case preparation) de-bonded during water storage. One crown of Grandio Blocs with optimal preparation showed a small chipping during TCML. All other crowns survived TCML and water storage without failure. Fracture forces differed between 1272 ± 211 N (Lava Ultimate) and 3061 ± 521 N (Tetric CAD). All Grandio Blocs and Tetric CAD crowns revealed significantly (p ≤ 0.023) higher fracture forces than Block HC or Lava Ultimate crowns. No significantly different (p > 0.05) fracture forces were found between optimal or worst-case preparation/fit groups. CONCLUSIONS De-bonding during water storage and TCML was dependent on material and crown pre-treatment. Therefore, surface roughening seems strongly required. Fracture forces were not influenced by preparation but by the type of material. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinical success and de-bonding of CAD/CAM resin composite crowns is strongly influenced by the type of material and its pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rosentritt
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Krifka
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Strasser
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Preis
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany
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Azevedo L, Antonaya-Martin JL, Molinero-Mourelle P, Del Río-Highsmith J. Improving PMMA resin using graphene oxide for a definitive prosthodontic rehabilitation - A clinical report. J Clin Exp Dent 2019; 11:e670-e674. [PMID: 31516667 PMCID: PMC6730997 DOI: 10.4317/jced.55883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of acrylic resins as a definitive material has shown some advantages comparing to other definitive materials. However, their poor mechanical properties remain a major drawback. In this case report, graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin for a definitive maxillary rehabilitation, combined with an intraoral digital impression and a three-dimensional facial scan. After 8 months of the placement of the definitive prosthesis, no mechanical, aesthetic, or biologic complications were reported, and the soft tissues showed excellent health and stability. The incorporation of GO in PMMA resins seems to be a suitable option for prosthetic rehabilitation. However, further studies are needed to ensure rigorous scientific support of these techniques and materials.
Key words:Computer-aided design, computer-aided manufacturing, dental impression technique, dental prosthesis; graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Azevedo
- DDS. Postgraduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics. School of Dentistry. Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Antonaya-Martin
- DDS, PhD. Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics. School of Dentistry. Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Molinero-Mourelle
- DDS, MDS. PhD student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics. School of Dentistry. Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Del Río-Highsmith
- MD, DDS, PhD. Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Orofacial Prosthodontics. School of Dentistry. Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Çelik E, Şahin SC, Dede DÖ. Effect of surface treatments on the bond strength of indirect resin composite to resin matrix ceramics. J Adv Prosthodont 2019; 11:223-231. [PMID: 31497270 PMCID: PMC6718842 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2019.11.4.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of an indirect resin composite (IRC) to the various resin matrix ceramic (RMC) blocks using different surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-nine cubic RMC specimens consisting of a resin nanoceramic (RNC), a polymer-infiltrated hybrid ceramic (PIHC), and a flexible hybrid ceramic (FHC) were divided randomly into three surface treatment subgroups (n = 11). In the experimental groups, untreated (Cnt), tribochemical silica coating (Tbc), and Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation (Lsr) with 3 W (150 mJ/pulse, 20 Hz for 20 sec.) were used as surface treatments. An indirect composite resin (IRC) was layered with a disc-shape mold (2 × 3 mm) onto the treated-ceramic surfaces and the specimens submitted to thermal cycling (6000 cycles, 5 – 55℃). The SBS test of specimens was performed using a universal testing machine and the specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscope to determine the failure mode. Data were statistically analyzed with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). RESULTS According to the two-way ANOVA, only the surface treatment parameter was statistically significant (P<.05) on the SBS of IRC to RMC. The SBS values of Lsr-applied RMC groups were significantly higher than Cnt groups for each RMC material, (P<.05). Significant differences were also determined between Tbc surface treatment applied and untreated (Cnt) PIHC materials (P=.039). CONCLUSION For promoting a reliable bond strength during characterization of RMC with IRC, Nd:YAG laser or Tbc surface treatment technique should be used, putting in consideration the microstructure and composition of RMC materials and appropriate parameters for each material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersan Çelik
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Sezgi Cinel Şahin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Doğu Ömür Dede
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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A CAD-CAM approach for designing and fabricating a periodontal prosthesis: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 123:553-556. [PMID: 31353115 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The periodontal prosthesis is a successful retrievable fixed restoration provided for patients with a periodontally involved dentition who lack alternative fixed options. However, its popularity has declined due to the introduction of dental implants, as well as the cost and complexity of fabrication. Nonetheless, this remains a viable option for patients who cannot undergo implant surgery. This clinical report describes the use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology to streamline the fabrication of a periodontal prosthesis.
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Alamoush RA, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N, Watts DC. Viscoelastic stability of pre-cured resin-composite CAD/CAM structures. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1166-1172. [PMID: 31146959 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation and recovery of CAD/CAM composite materials to determine their viscoelastic stability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five CAD/CAM composite blocks, with increasing filler loading, and one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) were studied. Six specimens of each material were separated into two groups (n=3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23°C versus 3 months storage in 37°C distilled water). A constant static compressive stress of 20 MPa was applied on each specimen via a loading pin for 2 h followed by unloading and monitoring strain recovery for a further period of 2 h. The maximum creep-strain (%) and permanent set (%) were recorded. Data were analysed via two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (<0.05) for comparisons between the materials. Homogeneity of variance was calculated via Levene's statistics. RESULTS The maximum creep strain after 24 h dry ranged from 0.45% to 1.09% and increased after 3-month storage in distilled water to between 0.71% and 1.85%. The permanent set after 24 h dry storage ranged from 0.033% to 0.15% and increased after 3-month water storage to between 0.087% and 0.18%. The maximum creep strain also reduced with increasing filler loading. SIGNIFICANCE The PICN material exhibited superior dimensional stability to all of the pre-cured resin composite blocks in both storage conditions with deformation being predominantly elastic rather than viscoelastic. Notwithstanding, two of the resin-matrix composite blocks approached the PICN performance, when dry, but less so after water storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Prosthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Nick Silikas
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - D C Watts
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Arpa C, Ceballos L, Fuentes MV, Perdigão J. Repair bond strength and nanoleakage of artificially aged CAD-CAM composite resin. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:523-530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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