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Kaleli N, Ekren O, Uçar Y, Ural Ç. Evaluation of the flexural strength of metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based computer-aided manufacturing methods. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 127:936.e1-936.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mechanical properties of CAD/CAM-fabricated in comparison to conventionally fabricated functional regulator 3 appliances. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14719. [PMID: 34282228 PMCID: PMC8290040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Manufacturing of Fränkel's functional regulator 3 (FR3) is complicated and requires extensive knowledge from the dental technician. To determine whether FR3s produced by CAD/CAM techniques (CAD-FR3) meet similar mechanical properties like conventional FR3s (Con-FR3), for each of 10 patient cases, three CAD-FR3 designs (palatal connector cross-section 3 × 3 mm, 4 × 1 mm or 5 × 2 mm) and one Con-FR3 were subjected to cyclic loading and subsequent fracture testing in a universal testing device. Transversal load capacity (Fmax(FR3)) and stiffness were compared among the different CAD-FR3 designs and Con-FR3s using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests with a significance level of α = 0.05. All CAD-FR3 designs had significantly higher mean Fmax(FR3) (p ≤ 0.007) and stiffness (p ≤ 0.005) than the Con-FR3s. The CAD-FR33×3 had the highest mean Fmax(FR3) (98.2 ± 26.2 N) and stiffness (37.1 ± 15.5 N/mm), closely followed by the CAD-FR35×2 (Fmax(FR3): 90.3 ± 24.7 N; stiffness: 30.0 ± 12.3 N/mm). Among the CAD appliances, CAD-FR34×1 had the lowest values (p ≤ 0.007 for all pairwise tests) with Fmax(FR3) of 45.8 ± 17.9 N and stiffness of 12.5 ± 7.3 N/mm. CAD-FR3s have superior mechanical properties in comparison to Con-FR3s if certain design parameters are followed. Further clinical investigations have to examine if they can serve as an alternative in practice.
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Yang J, Li H, Xu L, Wang Y. Selective laser sintering versus conventional lost-wax casting for single metal copings: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:897-904. [PMID: 33789799 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Evidence comparing the marginal and internal fit of single metal copings fabricated via selective laser sintering and conventional lost-wax casting is inadequate. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the fit of single metal copings fabricated via selective laser sintering and lost-wax casting. Moreover, the effects of different variables on fit accuracy were determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Wiley databases were searched electronically as well as manually. The mean absolute marginal gap, marginal gap, internal gap, axial gap, and occlusal gap values of single metal copings fabricated via selective laser sintering and lost-wax casting were statistically analyzed to determine and evaluate the factors affecting the fit accuracy (α=.05). RESULTS Single metal copings fabricated via selective laser sintering had mean absolute marginal gaps and occlusal gaps similar to those of copings fabricated via lost-wax casting, based on a subgroup meta-analysis of gaps evaluated using stereomicroscopy (P>.05). The fit of single metal copings was not affected by the type of tooth (P>.05). The conventional impression, the indirect digital scan, and the direct digital scan led to similar values of mean axial gap, internal gap, and marginal gap for the copings fabricated via lost-wax casting (P>.05). The indirect and direct digital scans led to similar values of mean axial gap, internal gap, and marginal gap for the copings fabricated via selective laser sintering (P>.05). Printed wax patterns provided significantly smaller mean axial gap values than milled plastic or milled wax patterns for the copings fabricated via lost-wax casting (P<.05). Printed, milled, and conventional wax patterns had similar mean marginal gaps and internal gaps for the copings fabricated via lost-wax casting (P>.05). For single copings fabricated via lost-wax casting, Ni-Cr and Co-Cr had similar mean internal gaps (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS No statistically significant differences were found between single metal copings fabricated via selective laser sintering and lost-wax casting. Selective laser sintering can satisfy the clinical requirement for single metal copings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Lecturer, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Hainan Li
- Professor, School of Management Science and Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ling Xu
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Assistant, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, PR China
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Okawa T, Abe S, Nakano M, Oka K, Horikawa E, Matsuka Y, Kawano F. Evaluation of the measurement precision and accuracy in the dental CAD/CAM system. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:784-791. [PMID: 32404562 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the precision and trueness of the occlusal contact record obtained with a dental CAD/CAM device (ARCTICA). Sandblasted spherical steel balls with diameters of 10-20 mm were measured using ARCTICA and a three-dimensional measurement device (FN503). The radius of each steel ball was calculated from the measured value and the difference between the measured and nominal values was obtained. Upper/lower dental arch casts were measured and processed for occlusal contact image creation using both devices. The graphical images of the occlusal contacts at the intercuspal position obtained from both systems and an occlusal analysis device (BE-1) were compared with the occlusal contact area. Excellent correlation was observed between the measurement results of ARCTICA and FN503 (p<0.001, R2: 0.99). The occlusal contact areas were 186.0 mm2 (ARCTICA), 192.8 mm2 (FN503), and 196.1 mm2 (BE-1). This study showed that ARCTICA is capable of conducting highly accurate measurements and generating a graphical image of occlusal contacts with good reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinori Okawa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Susumu Abe
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Masanori Nakano
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University
| | - Kenji Oka
- Department of Oral Care and Clinical Education, Tokushima University Hospital
| | - Eriko Horikawa
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Yoshizo Matsuka
- Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Fumiaki Kawano
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School
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Ishida Y, Miura D, Miyasaka T, Shinya A. Dimensional Accuracy of Dental Casting Patterns Fabricated Using Consumer 3D Printers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102244. [PMID: 33003507 PMCID: PMC7601930 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumer 3D printers have improved considerably due to the evolution of additive manufacturing. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of consumer printers in dental restoration. Cylindrical patterns mimicking a full crown were created and enlarged from 100% to 105% of the original size. Two types of consumer 3D printers, including a fused deposition modeling (FDM) device and a stereolithography (SLA) device, and two types of dental 3D printers, including a multi-jet device and an SLA device, were used to fabricate the patterns. Then, the outer and inner diameters and depths, and surface roughness of the patterns were measured. The changing rates of the outer diameter of models created using dental printers were significantly smaller than those of the models created using consumer printers (p < 0.05). Significantly greater surface roughness was obtained in the tooth axis of the model fabricated using the consumer FDM device (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed on the surface roughness of both axes between the consumer SLA device and the dental devices (p > 0.05). However, FDM showed larger surface roughness than dental devices in both axes (p < 0.05). Thus, the SLA consumer printer can be applied to fabricate resin patterns with enlargement editing of 1–3% along the horizontal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ishida
- Department of Life Science Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan;
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (D.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Daisuke Miura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (D.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Taira Miyasaka
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (D.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Akikazu Shinya
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20, Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan; (D.M.); (T.M.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkaisenkatu 2, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence:
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Kaleli N, Ural Ç, Us YÖ. Evaluation of marginal discrepancy in metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based computer-aided manufacturing methods. J Adv Prosthodont 2020; 12:124-130. [PMID: 32601531 PMCID: PMC7314629 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2020.12.3.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of sintering procedures on marginal discrepancies of fixed partial metal frameworks fabricated using different sintering-based computer-aided design and computer/aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty resin die models of prepared premolar and molar abutment teeth were fabricated using a three-dimensional (3D) printer and divided into four groups (n = 10) according to the fabrication method of metal frameworks used: HM (via hard milling), SM (via soft metal milling), L25 (via direct metal laser melting [DMLM] with a 25 µm layer thickness), and L50 (via direct DMLM with a 50 µm layer thickness). After the metal frameworks were fabricated and cemented, five vertical marginal discrepancy measurements were recorded in each site (i.e., buccal, facing the pontic, lingual, and facing away from the pontic) of both abutment teeth under a stereomicroscope (×40). Data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS No statistically significant differences (P>.05) were found among the four axial sites of metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based CAD/CAM techniques. The HM and L25 groups showed significantly (P<.001) lower marginal discrepancy values than the SM and L50 groups. CONCLUSION Marginal discrepancy in the sites facing the pontic was not influenced by the type of sintering procedure. All fabrication methods exhibited clinically acceptable results in terms of marginal discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Kaleli
- Department of Dentistry Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Çağrı Ural
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Ölçer Us
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Digital evaluation of laser scanning speed effects on the intaglio surface adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 123:874.e1-874.e7. [PMID: 32147253 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Laser sintering has several processing parameters, typically under the control of dental laboratory technicians. Laser scan speed is an important parameter, which has a significant effect on manufacturing time but may also affect the adaptation of restorations. However, limited information is available regarding its impact. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the intaglio surface adaptation of laser-sintered cobalt-chromium single-crown frameworks sintered at laser scanning speeds of 1, 3, and 6 m/s. MATERIAL AND METHODS A master bronze metal die was prepared and scanned by using a laboratory scanner to fabricate the metal frameworks for 4 groups (n=10). In group C, the frameworks were fabricated by using the lost-wax method (control). In group L1, L3, and L6, the frameworks were fabricated by using direct metal laser melting (DMLM) at laser scanning speeds of 1, 3, and 6 m/s. After fabrication, 3 scanning data sets were used to evaluate the intaglio surface adaptation: the master die, the intaglio surface of each metal framework, and each metal framework seated on the master die. The intaglio surface adaptation of the metal frameworks was evaluated by using a metrology software program. The data were statistically analyzed by using a 1-way ANOVA, the Tukey honestly significant difference test, and the Tamhane T2 test (α=.05). RESULTS The highest mean intaglio surface discrepancy value was obtained from group L6, and this was significantly different from the other 3 groups (P<.001). No significant intaglio surface discrepancy differences were found among the other groups. CONCLUSION The amount of intaglio surface discrepancy increased when the laser scanning speed reached 6 m/s.
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Di Fiore A, Savio G, Stellini E, Vigolo P, Monaco C, Meneghello R. Influence of ceramic firing on marginal gap accuracy and metal-ceramic bond strength of 3D-printed Co-Cr frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 124:75-80. [PMID: 31732093 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The marginal gap and ceramic bond strength of metal-ceramic restorations are important for success. However, studies evaluating the marginal gap and ceramic bond strength of fixed partial dentures (FPDs) produced with 3D printing technologies such as selective laser melting (SLM) are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the marginal gap of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy frameworks produced by SLM technology before and after ceramic firing. Additionally, the metal-ceramic bond strength was evaluated with the Schwickerath crack-initiation test according to the International Standards Organization (ISO) 9693-1:2012. MATERIAL AND METHODS Conventional impressions were made, and the definitive cast of a patient requiring a 4-unit FPD was scanned. After designing the FPD, the files were sent to a service center for the fabrication of a metal master model, 80 Co-Cr frameworks, and 80 flat specimens (25×3×0.5 mm) with SLM technology. The marginal gap between frameworks and the abutment tooth of the metal master model was nondestructively measured by using an optical coordinate-measuring machine. A total of 80 sets, consisting of 1 framework and 1 flat specimen, were sent to 80 dental laboratory technicians for ceramic firing. Detailed instructions for correct manipulation of the framework and flat specimen were provided. The marginal gap was remeasured, and the 3-point bend test was used to evaluate metal-ceramic bond strength. RESULTS Only 28 of the 80 dental technicians returned the specimens within a prespecified time and/or in adequate condition. The mean ±standard deviation marginal gap of the framework before ceramic firing was 25 ±9 μm and 34 ±12 μm after firing. The difference was statistically significant (P=.001). The mean ±standard deviation 3-point bend strength was 33 ±9 MPa. CONCLUSIONS Ceramic firing affected the marginal gap; however, all Co-Cr frameworks had a marginal gap lower than 120 μm, which is reported to be a clinically acceptable limit. Most of the specimens (80%) had a metal-ceramic bond strength value higher than the 25-MPa ISO 9693 requirement. Five of 28 dental laboratory technicians were not able to comply with ceramic firing instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Di Fiore
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Gianpaolo Savio
- Assistant Professor, Departments of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Stellini
- Full Professor and Head of Dental Clinic and School of Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Vigolo
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Neurosciences, School of Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Researcher and Assistant Professor, Division of Prosthodontics and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Meneghello
- Associate Professor, Departments of Management and Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Ciocca L, Meneghello R, Savio G, Scheda L, Monaco C, Gatto MR, Micarelli C, Baldissara P. Manufacturing of Metal Frameworks for Full‐Arch Dental Restoration on Implants: A Comparison between Milling and a Novel Hybrid Technology. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:556-563. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ciocca
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesAlma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Roberto Meneghello
- Department of Technology and Management of Industrial SystemsUniversity of Padua Vicenza Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Savio
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of Padua Padua Italy
| | - Lorenzo Scheda
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesAlma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesAlma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Gatto
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesAlma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | | | - Paolo Baldissara
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor SciencesAlma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
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Yildirim B, Paken G. Evaluation of the Marginal and Internal Fit of Implant-Supported Metal Copings Fabricated with 3 Different Techniques: An In Vitro Study. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:315-320. [PMID: 30667169 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the marginal and internal fit of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy copings fabricated by with lost wax technique (LW), computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six tissue level, straight titanium abutments were screwed onto implant replicas. All specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and randomly divided into 3 subgroups according to the fabrication of metal coping: LW, CAD/CAM, and DMLS. In total, 36 (n = 12/group) Co-Cr implant-supported metal copings were prepared. Marginal, intermarginal, axial, and occlusal fits of each coping were measured using the silicone replica technique. The data were evaluated statistically using one-way ANOVA and Bonferioni post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The CAD/CAM group showed significantly lower marginal fit than the LW group and DMLS groups (p < 0.001). The marginal fit of the LW group was not significantly different from the DMLS group (p = 0.721). No significant difference found among the fabrication methods in terms of intermarginal fit (p = 0.913). The CAD/CAM group showed lower axial fit than the LW group (p = 0.026), but there was no statistical difference between the DMLS group and the LW (p = 0.999) and CAD/CAM groups (p = 0.247). No significant differences found among the fabrication methods in terms of occlusal fit (p = 0.158). CONCLUSIONS The LW and DMLS groups showed better marginal fit compared to the CAD/CAM group; however, the CAD/CAM group was better than the LW group in terms of axial fit. All fabrication methods demonstrated similar intermarginal and occlusal fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengisu Yildirim
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Gamze Paken
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
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Kaleli N, Ural Ç, Özköylü G, Duran İ. Effect of layer thickness on the marginal and internal adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 121:922-928. [PMID: 30661880 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Laser sintering is commonly used for fabricating metal-ceramic restorations. The layer thickness of the sintering process may affect restoration adaptation. However, limited information is available regarding its impact. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal and internal adaptation of laser-sintered cobalt-chromium single crown frameworks sintered with layer thicknesses of 25 and 50 μm. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty resin dies that represented prepared single molar abutment teeth were prepared by using a 3-dimensional printer and were divided into 3 groups (n=10) according to the method used for fabricating metal frameworks: group C, metal frameworks fabricated by using the lost-wax method (control); group L25, metal frameworks fabricated by using direct metal laser melting with a layer thickness of 25 μm; and group L50, metal frameworks fabricated by using direct metal laser melting with a layer thickness of 50 μm. After fabricating the metal frameworks, 15 vertical marginal discrepancy measurements were made in each axial region (mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual) using a stereomicroscope. Next, all the specimens were sectioned from the midline, and 5 internal discrepancy measurements were made in each internal region (inner marginal, axial, and occlusal). The data were analyzed statistically by using 1-way ANOVA, the Tukey honestly significant difference, and Tamhane T2 tests (α=.05). RESULTS The highest marginal and internal discrepancy values were obtained for metal frameworks in group C, and these values were significantly different (P<.001) from those obtained for metal frameworks in the other 2 groups. No significant difference was observed in the marginal and internal discrepancy values of metal frameworks in groups L25 and L50. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that layer thickness does not affect the adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks, yet both sintering parameters yielded significantly lower mean marginal discrepancy values than the cast group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Kaleli
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Çağrı Ural
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gözde Özköylü
- Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Duran
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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AL-Meraikhi H, Yilmaz B, McGlumphy E, Brantley WA, Johnston WM. Distortion of CAD-CAM-fabricated implant-fixed titanium and zirconia complete dental prosthesis frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 119:116-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Koutsoukis T, Zinelis S, Eliades G, Al-Wazzan K, Rifaiy MA, Al Jabbari YS. Selective Laser Melting Technique of Co-Cr Dental Alloys: A Review of Structure and Properties and Comparative Analysis with Other Available Techniques. J Prosthodont 2017; 24:303-12. [PMID: 26129918 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to review the effect of selective laser melting (SLM) procedure on the properties of dental structures made of Co-Cr alloys and to evaluate its quality and compare it to those produced by conventional casting and milling fabrication techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS A computerized database search using PubMed and Scopus was conducted for peer-reviewed scientific research studies regarding the use of SLM in Co-Cr dental alloys with no restrictions for publication years. The search engines provided hundreds of results, and only 48 scientific research papers, case studies, or literature reviews were considered relevant for this review. RESULTS The innovative manufacturing concept of SLM offers many advantages compared with casting and milling fabrication techniques. SLM provides different microstructure from casting and milling with minimal internal porosity and internal fitting, marginal adaptation, and comparable bond strength to porcelain. Mechanical and electrochemical properties of SLM structures are enhanced compared to cast, while clinical longevity of single-metal ceramic crowns is comparable to Au-Pt dental alloy. CONCLUSION The SLM technique provides dental prosthetic restorations more quickly and less expensively without compromising their quality compared with restorations prepared by casting and milling techniques. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The current SLM devices provide metallic restorations made of Co-Cr alloys for removable and fixed partial dentures without compromising the alloy or restoration properties at a fraction of the time and cost, showing great potential to replace the aforementioned fabrication techniques in the long term; however, further clinical studies are essential to increase the acceptance of this technology by the worldwide dental community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Koutsoukis
- Dental Biomaterials Research and Development Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Spiros Zinelis
- Dental Biomaterials Research and Development Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Eliades
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Khalid Al-Wazzan
- Dental Biomaterials Research and Development Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al Rifaiy
- Dental Biomaterials Research and Development Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Youssef S Al Jabbari
- Dental Biomaterials Research and Development Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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de Siqueira FSF, Cardenas AFM, Gruber YL, Kose C, Pupo YM, Gomes GM, Gomes OMM, Gomes JC. Using CAD/CAM–Modified Correlation Mode to Produce Laminate Veneers: A Six-Month Case Report. Oper Dent 2017; 42:E139-E147. [DOI: 10.2341/15-300-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The expectation of an esthetically harmonious smile increases the level of difficulty when treating patients. Laminate veneers stand out as a treatment option for cosmetic rehabilitation in clinical practice, as they are a more conservative procedure and mimic dental structures. These laminate veneers are generally made with different techniques; the most common requires an impression of the prepared tooth, an impression antagonist, fabrication models, and extensive laboratory time. The computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system optimizes the fabrication of prosthetic structures, reducing chairside time and promoting good esthetic results. Thus, the purpose of this case report is to present the esthetic result of multiple CAD/CAM manufactured laminate veneers using a new self-etching glass ceramic primer with a lithium disilicate ceramic, using the modified correlation and biogeneric modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- FSF de Siqueira
- Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira, DDS, MS, PhD student, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - AFM Cardenas
- Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, CEUMA University, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Luiz, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - YL Gruber
- Yançanã Luizy Gruber, DDS, MS, PhD student, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - C Kose
- Carlos Kose, DDS, MS, PhD, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - YM Pupo
- Yasmine Mendes Pupo, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, Federal University of Paraná, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - GM Gomes
- Giovana Mongruel Gomes, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - OMM Gomes
- Giovana Mongruel Gomes, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - JC Gomes
- Giovana Mongruel Gomes, DDS, MS, PhD, professor, State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
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Kaleli N, Saraç D. Comparison of porcelain bond strength of different metal frameworks prepared by using conventional and recently introduced fabrication methods. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Kim DY, Kim JH, Kim HY, Kim WC. Comparison and evaluation of marginal and internal gaps in cobalt-chromium alloy copings fabricated using subtractive and additive manufacturing. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 62:56-64. [PMID: 28663024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the marginal and internal gaps of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloy copings fabricated using subtractive and additive manufacturing. METHODS A study model of an abutment tooth 46 was prepared by a 2-step silicone impression with dental stone. Fifteen stereolithography files for Co-Cr alloy copings were compiled using a model scanner and dental CAD software. Using the lost wax (LW), wax block (WB), soft metal block (SMB), microstereolithography (μ-SLA), and selected laser melting (SLM) techniques, 15 Co-Cr alloy copings were fabricated per group. The marginal and internal gaps of these Co-Cr alloy copings were measured using a digital microscope (160×), and the data obtained were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test and post-hoc Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS The mean values of the marginal, axial wall, and occlusal gaps were 91.8, 83.4, and 163μm in the LW group; 94.2, 77.5, and 122μm in the WB group; 60.0, 79.4, and 90.8μm in the SMB group; 154, 72.4, and 258μm in the μ-SLA group; and 239, 73.6, and 384μm in the SLM group, respectively. The differences in the marginal and occlusal gaps between the 5 groups were statistically significant (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS The marginal gaps of the LW, WB, and SMB groups were within the clinically acceptable limit, but further improvements in the μ-SLA and SLM approaches may be required prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yeon Kim
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Young Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School&BK21+Program in Public Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Chul Kim
- Department of Dental Laboratory Science and Engineering, College of Health Science, Korea University, Republic of Korea.
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Pasali B, Sarac D, Kaleli N, Sarac YS. Evaluation of marginal fit of single implant-supported metal-ceramic crowns prepared by using presintered metal blocks. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 119:257-262. [PMID: 28545869 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Recently, presintered metal blocks for nonprecious and precious metal implant-supported restorations have gained popularity in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems. However, few studies have evaluated the marginal discrepancy of implant-supported restorations made with these new alloy systems. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the milling-sintering method with the lost-wax and milling methods in terms of the marginal fit of implant-supported metal-ceramic restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty implant abutments screwed to implant analogs were embedded into acrylic resin to investigate marginal fit and then divided according to fabrication methods into the following 3 groups (n=10): lost-wax (LW; control group), milling (M), and milling-sintering (MS). Porcelain material was applied to all specimens after completion of the fabrication process. Subsequently, all specimens were cemented to implant abutments for the measurement of marginal discrepancies. Twelve marginal discrepancy measurements were recorded on each implant abutment by using a stereomicroscope. The arithmetic mean of these 12 measurements was considered the mean marginal discrepancy value of each abutment. Data were statistically analyzed by using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey honest significant difference tests (α=.05). RESULTS The lowest mean marginal discrepancy values (81 ±2 μm) were observed in the M group, which was significantly different (P<.001) from the other methods. The highest mean marginal discrepancy values (99 ±2 μm) were observed in the MS group. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that restorations prepared by the milling-sintering method provided clinically acceptable results (<120 μm); however, this new technique was not found to be as precise as the milling method in terms of marginal fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Pasali
- Dentist, Oral and Dental Health Center of Güngören, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Sarac
- Chief, Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Necati Kaleli
- Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Yakup Sinasi Sarac
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Influence of porcelain firing and cementation on the marginal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations prepared by different methods. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:656-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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In vitro evaluation of marginal discrepancy of monolithic zirconia restorations fabricated with different CAD-CAM systems. J Prosthet Dent 2016; 117:762-766. [PMID: 27836145 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Dental laboratories use different computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) systems to fabricate fixed prostheses; however, limited evidence is available concerning which system provides the best marginal discrepancy. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal fit of 5 different monolithic zirconia restorations milled with different CAD-CAM systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated on a custom-designed stainless steel die and were divided into 5 groups according to the type of monolithic zirconia crown and the CAD-CAM system used: group TZ, milled with an MCXL milling machine; group CZ, translucent zirconia milled with a motion milling machine; group ZZ, zirconia milled with a dental milling unit; group PZ, translucent zirconia milled with a zirconia milling unit; and group BZ, solid zirconia milled using an S1 VHF milling machine. The marginal fit was measured with a binocular microscope at an original magnification of ×100. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and post hoc surface range test, and pairwise multiple comparisons were made using Bonferroni correction (α=.05). RESULTS The type of CAD-CAM used affected the marginal fit of the monolithic restoration. The mean (±SD) highest marginal discrepancy was recorded in group TZI at 39.3 ±2.3 μm, while the least mean marginal discrepancy was recorded in group IZ (22.8 ±8.9 μm). The Bonferroni post hoc test showed that group TZI was significantly different from all other groups tested (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limitation of this in vitro study, all tested CAD-CAM systems produced monolithic zirconia restorations with clinically acceptable marginal discrepancies; however, the CAD-CAM system with the 5-axis milling unit produced the best marginal fit.
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Developing high strength and ductility in biomedical Co-Cr cast alloys by simultaneous doping with nitrogen and carbon. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:435-447. [PMID: 26678827 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong demand for biomedical Co-Cr-based cast alloys with enhanced mechanical properties for use in dental applications. We present a design strategy for development of Co-Cr-based cast alloys with very high strength, comparable to that of wrought Co-Cr alloys, without loss of ductility. The strategy consists of simultaneous doping of nitrogen and carbon, accompanied by increasing of the Cr content to increase the nitrogen solubility. The strategy was verified by preparing Co-33Cr-9W-0.35N-(0.01-0.31)C (mass%) alloys. We determined the carbon concentration dependence of the microstructures and their mechanical properties. Metal ion release of the alloys in an aqueous solution of 0.6% sodium chloride (NaCl) and 1% lactic acid was also evaluated to ensure their corrosion resistance. As a result of the nitrogen doping, the formation of a brittle σ-phase, a chromium-rich intermetallic compound, was significantly suppressed. Adding carbon to the alloys resulted in finer-grained microstructures and carbide precipitation; accordingly, the strength increased with increasing carbon concentration. The tensile ductility, on the other hand, increased with increasing carbon concentration only up to a point, reaching a maximum at a carbon concentration of ∼0.1mass% and decreasing with further carbon doping. However, the alloy with 0.31mass% of carbon exhibited 14% elongation and also possessed very high strength (725MPa in 0.2% proof stress). The addition of carbon did not significantly degrade the corrosion resistance. The results show that our strategy realizes a novel high-strength Co-Cr-based cast alloy that can be produced for advanced dental applications using a conventional casting procedure. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The present study suggested a novel alloy design concept for realizing high-strength Co-Cr-based cast alloys. The proposed strategy is beneficial from the practical point of view because it uses conventional casting approach-a simpler, more cost-effective, industrially friendly manufacturing process than other manufacturing processes such as thermomechanical processing or powder metallurgy. The developed alloys showed the excellent strength-ductility balance and significantly high strength comparable to that of wrought Co-Cr-Mo alloys, while maintaining acceptable ductility and good corrosion resistance. We described the relationship between microstructures and mechanical and corrosion prosperities of the developed alloys; this provides the fundamental aspect of the proposed strategy and will be helpful for further investigations or industrial realization of the proposed strategy.
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Nesse H, Ulstein DMÅ, Vaage MM, Øilo M. Internal and marginal fit of cobalt-chromium fixed dental prostheses fabricated with 3 different techniques. J Prosthet Dent 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Corrosion resistance assessment of Co-Cr alloy frameworks fabricated by CAD/CAM milling, laser sintering, and casting methods. J Prosthet Dent 2015; 114:725-34. [PMID: 26187104 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The effects of fabrication methods on the corrosion resistance of frameworks produced with Co-Cr alloys are not clear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloy specimens that were fabricated by conventional casting, milling, and laser sintering. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens fabricated with 3 different methods were investigated by potentiodynamic tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in an artificial saliva. Ions released into the artificial saliva were estimated with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and the results were statistically analyzed. The specimen surfaces were investigated with scanning electron microscopy before and after the tests. RESULTS In terms of corrosion current and Rct properties, statistically significant differences were found both among the means of the methods and among the means of the material groups (P<.05). With regard to ions released, a statistically significant difference was found among the material groups (P<.05); however, no difference was found among the methods. Scanning electron microscopic imaging revealed that the specimens produced by conventional casting were affected to a greater extent by etching and electrochemical corrosion than those produced by milling and laser sintering. CONCLUSIONS The corrosion resistance of a Co-Cr alloy specimens fabricated by milling or laser sintering was greater than that of the conventionally cast alloy specimens. The Co-Cr specimens produced by the same method also differed from one another in terms of corrosion resistance. These differences may be related to the variations in the alloy compositions.
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Influence of carbon addition on mechanical properties and microstructures of Ni-free Co–Cr–W alloys subjected to thermomechanical processing. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 37:274-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Effects of carbon concentration on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast nickel-free Co–28Cr–9W-based dental alloys. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 40:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Al Jabbari Y, Koutsoukis T, Barmpagadaki X, Zinelis S. Metallurgical and interfacial characterization of PFM Co–Cr dental alloys fabricated via casting, milling or selective laser melting. Dent Mater 2014; 30:e79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Bioceramics have been adopted in dental restorations for implants, bridges, inlays, onlays, and all-ceramic crowns. Dental bioceramics include glass ceramics, reinforced porcelains, zirconias, aluminas, fiber-reinforced ceramic composites, and multilayered ceramic structures. The process of additive manufacturing is ideally suited to dentistry. Models are designed using data from a computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging. Since its development in 2001, direct ceramic machining of presintered yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal has become increasingly popular in dentistry. There are wide variety commercially available cements for luting all-ceramic restorations. However, resin cements have lower solubility and better aesthetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Zandparsa
- Tufts University School of Dentistry, Postgraduate Prosthodontics Division, 1 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Suleiman SH, Vult von Steyern P. Fracture strength of porcelain fused to metal crowns made of cast, milled or laser-sintered cobalt-chromium. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:1280-9. [PMID: 23320554 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.757650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to compare the fracture strength of porcelain fused to metal crowns with copings fabricated in Co-Cr using different manufacturing techniques (casting, milling and laser-sintering) with crowns manufactured in a high-gold alloy. METHODS A total of 50 identical crowns were fabricated and sub-divided into five groups; cast Co-Cr, milled Co-Cr, two groups of laser-sintered Co-Cr and a control group cast in a high-gold alloy. After thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5-55°C) and pre-load (30-300 N, 10,000 cycles) the crowns were loaded until fracture. Load (N) and fracture mode were recorded. RESULTS There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in fracture strength between the control group and one of the laser-sintered groups. The mean values (N) for the groups were as follows: cast Co-Cr, 1560 ± 274; milled Co-Cr, 1643 ± 153; laser-sintered Co-Cr 1, 1448 ± 168; laser-sintered Co-Cr 2, 1562 ± 72; control group, 1725 ± 220. CONCLUSION There is no difference in strength between Co-Cr crowns produced using the different production technologies: casting, milling or laser-sintering. Metal ceramic crowns made with copings fabricated in a high-gold alloy present numerically higher fracture strength than crowns made with copings fabricated in Co-Cr alloys. The difference is confirmed when analyzing the fracture surfaces, but the difference in fracture strength value is limited and is only significant with regard to one of the two laser-sintered groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sozan Hama Suleiman
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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28
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Colpani JT, Borba M, Della Bona A. Evaluation of marginal and internal fit of ceramic crown copings. Dent Mater 2012; 29:174-80. [PMID: 23218747 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To measure the marginal and internal adaptation of different prosthetic crowns infrastructures (IS); (2) to analyze two types of methodologies (replica and weight technique) used to evaluate the adaptation of indirect restorations. METHODS Ceramic IS were fabricated using CAD/CAM technology and slip-casting technique, and metal IS were produced by casting (n=10). For each experimental group, the adaptation was evaluated with the replica (RT) and the weight technique (WT), using an impression material (low viscosity silicon) to simulate the luting agent. Cross-sectional images of the silicon replica were obtained and analyzed with Image J software to measure the low viscosity silicon layer thickness at pre-determined points. The silicon layer was also weighted. Results were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relation between the two types of evaluation methods. RESULTS All IS evaluated showed clinically acceptable internal and marginal adaptation. Metal IS showed the best adaptation, irrespective of the measuring technique (RT and WT). The IS produced by CAD-CAM showed greater gap values at the occlusal area than at other evaluated regions. The IS produced by the dental laboratory technician showed similar gap values at all evaluated regions. There is no correlation between RT and WT (p>0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Different levels of adaptation were found for the different experimental groups and for the different evaluation methods. However, all IS evaluated showed clinically acceptable values of marginal and internal adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Tereza Colpani
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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29
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Vafiadis D, Goldstein G. Single visit fabrication of a porcelain laminate veneer with CAD/CAM technology: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 106:71-3. [PMID: 21821159 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(11)00100-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Computer-assisted design and computer-assisted milling (CAD/CAM) technology has been shown to be an effective dental treatment adjunct. This article demonstrates its use in the fabrication of an in-office, one visit, porcelain laminate veneer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Vafiadis
- Department of Periodontics and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, USA.
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Boeckler AF, Lee H, Psoch A, Setz JM. Prospective Observation of CAD/CAM Titanium-Ceramic-Fixed Partial Dentures: 3-Year Follow-Up. J Prosthodont 2010; 19:592-7. [PMID: 20723013 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2010.00638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arne F Boeckler
- Department of Prosthodontics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine, Halle, Germany.
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abduo
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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32
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Boeckler AF, Lee H, Stadler A, Setz JM. Prospective observation of CAD/CAM titanium ceramic single crowns: A three-year follow up. J Prosthet Dent 2009; 102:290-7. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(09)60176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wu J, Gao B, Tan H, Chen J, Tang CY, Tsui CP. A feasibility study on laser rapid forming of a complete titanium denture base plate. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 25:309-15. [PMID: 18716825 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-008-0603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This work attempted to integrate the technologies of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) and laser rapid forming (LRF) for the fabrication of the titanium plate of a complete denture. By the combination of laser scan and reverse engineering software, the standard triangulation language (STL)-formatted denture base plate was finally designed and sliced into a sequence of numerical controlled codes. The titanium (Ti) complete denture plate was finally built, layer-by-layer, on the LRF system. To evaluate the quality of fit, a virtual adaptation test that measured and compared the profiles of the laser free formed denture plate and those of the edentulous plaster cast had been conducted, and the mean deviation was found to be 0.34 mm. After traditional dental finishing techniques, a complete denture with a Ti base plate was then made and judged to be acceptable. The CAD/CAM/LRF system is a potential candidate and a new platform for the design and manufacture of custom-made Ti denture plates and restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changlexi Street, Xi'an 710032, China
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Xiaojun C, Rubo L, Eryi L, Chengtao W. A mathematical model of mandibular movement on the Hanau articulator and computerized simulation system of dynamic occlusion for complete denture. J Med Eng Technol 2006; 30:151-7. [PMID: 16772218 DOI: 10.1080/03091900500504563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study is concerned with the construction of a mathematical model of mandibular movement on the Hanau articulator and a complete denture occlusion simulation system (CDOSS) in the field of dental restoration. On the basis of the theory of spatial mechanisms, degrees of freedom in the kinematic chain of the Hanau articulator are analysed, and a hypothesis of constraints is presented to obtain constrained motion. Then, a series of mathematical expressions are derived to describe the three dimensional mandibular movement on the Hanau articulator. By adopting techniques and tools such as laser scanning, computer graphics, and computer databases, a 3D digitized model of complete denture is reconstructed, and a CDOSS is developed. With the aid of this software, the visualization and diagnosis of mandibular movement can be easily realized. One edentulous case discussed in this study shows that CDOSS provides a useful tool to deal with the functional aspects of occlusal morphology in a diagnostic and therapeutic sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Xiaojun
- Institute of Life Quality via Mechanical Engineering, Room 411, Mechanical Building, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Huashan Road 1954, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional casting technology has some disadvantages for dental laboratory technicians and restorative dentists, including porosity of restorations, miscasting and inaccuracy. It also is labor-intensive. Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology was developed in the late 1980s for dentistry, and it significantly reduced and/or eliminated problems associated with dental castings. The purpose of this article is to give readers an overview of the use of CAD/CAM technology for dental implants and illustrate two clinical protocols for that use. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The CAD/CAM technology described in this article can reduce restorative dentists' chairside time associated with implant treatment in both edentulous and partially edentulous patients, can decrease costs without sacrificing accuracy or biocompatibility for both clinicians and dental laboratory technicians, and is available to dental laboratories without the capital expenses associated with purchasing new technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Drago
- Gundersen Lutheran Medical Center, LaCrosse, WI 54601, USA.
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Eggbeer D, Bibb R, Williams R. The computer-aided design and rapid prototyping fabrication of removable partial denture frameworks. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2005; 219:195-202. [PMID: 15934395 DOI: 10.1243/095441105x9372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the application of computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) to the process of electronically surveying a scanned dental cast as a prior stage to producing a sacrificial pattern for a removable partial denture (RPD) metal alloy framework. These are designed to retain artificial replacement teeth in the oral cavity. A cast produced from an impression of a patient's mouth was digitally scanned and the data converted to a three-dimensional computer file that could be read by the computer-aided design (CAD) software. Analysis and preparation were carried out in the digital environment according to established dental principles. The CAD software was then used to design the framework and generate a standard triangulation language (STL) file in preparation for its manufacture using rapid prototyping (RP) methods. Several RP methods were subsequently used to produce sacrificial patterns, which were then cast in a chromium-cobalt alloy using conventional methods and assessed for accuracy of fit. This work demonstrates that CAD/CAM techniques can be used for electronic dental cast analysis, preparation, and design of RPD frameworks. It also demonstrates that RP-produced patterns may be successfully cast using conventional methods and that the resulting frameworks can provide a satisfactory fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eggbeer
- The National Centre for Product Design and Development Research, The University of Wales Institute, Cardiff, UK.
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Tsuji M, Noguchi N, Ihara K, Yamashita Y, Shikimori M, Goto M. Fabrication of a maxillofacial prosthesis using a computer-aided design and manufacturing system. J Prosthodont 2005; 13:179-83. [PMID: 15345018 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2004.04029.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Maxillofacial prostheses are usually fabricated on the basis of impressions made with dental-impression material. The extent to which the prosthesis reproduces normal facial morphology depends on the clinical judgment of the individual fabricating the prosthesis. This paper describes a computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. This system will provide a more consistently accurate reproduction of facial morphology. MATERIALS AND METHODS Facial measurements were taken using a non-contact three-dimensional laser morphological measurement system. The measurements were sent to a computer numerical controlled (CNC) milling machine to generate a cast of the patient's face for the fabrication of prosthesis. RESULTS Facial contours were measured using a laser. This method minimizes patient discomfort and avoids soft tissue distortion by impression material. Moreover, the digital data obtained is easy to store and transmit, and mirror-images can be readily generated by computer processing. CONCLUSION This method offers an objective, quantified approach for fabricating maxillofacial prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Tsuji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saga Medical School, Saga 849-0937, Japan.
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Reitemeier B, Notni G, Heinze M, Schöne C, Schmidt A, Fichtner D. Optical modeling of extraoral defects. J Prosthet Dent 2004; 91:80-4. [PMID: 14739898 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2003.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to reduce the stress caused to patients by conventional methods of modeling using computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), an optical modeling process has been developed for extraoral defects and body areas. The selected body part is digitized using optical 3-coordinate measuring technology, providing an extensive data record. This is adapted for further use by equalizing the point clouds to obtain a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model, which is converted to a physical model by means of a stereolithographic process. With this technology, the patient's physical and psychological stress may be reduced. This article describes a technique for optical modeling of an ocular prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Reitemeier
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Medical Faculty, Technical University of Dresden, Germany.
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Kordass B, Gärtner C, Söhnel A, Bisler A, Voss G, Bockholt U, Seipel S. The virtual articulator in dentistry: concept and development. Dent Clin North Am 2002; 46:493-506, vi. [PMID: 12222093 DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8532(02)00006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) technology is one of the most important innovations for research, development, and industrial production. In dentistry, VR technology will be useful in providing better education through simulation and in enhancing working procedures that are conventionally limited, e.g., the mechanical articulator. It is the purpose of this article to present concepts and strategies for a future replacement of the mechanical articulator by a virtual one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Kordass
- Department of Dental Education and Community Dentistry, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Rotgerberstrasse 8, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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Abstract
This paper deals with the use of information technology in order to make clinical decisions in dentistry. Since there is a large number of available systems and ongoing projects using computers, we first identify and describe major streams, as well as singular specialties. We underline the need for standards for data format and exchange in addition to the ability of different systems to communicate with each other. We conclude with a five-step recommendation to transform a dental office into digital and how to implement a computer-aided clinical decision support system, which provides action-oriented support in order to reduce the likelihood of human error during dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikmet Umar
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Forbes Tower, Suite 8084, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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The virtual articulator—concept and development of VR-tools to analyse the dysfunction of dental occlusion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5131(01)00112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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