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Adams L, Lyons K, Monday J, Larkin E, Wyffels J. Costs of parthenogenesis on growth and longevity in ex situ zebra sharks Stegostoma tigrinum. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2023. [DOI: 10.3354/esr01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Herity N, Lyons K, Burns L, Hookham M, McKeeman G. Recurrent chest pain, falsely raised troponin and assay interference. QJM 2021; 114:403-404. [PMID: 33533906 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Herity
- Belfast HSC Trust, First Floor, West Wing, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - K Lyons
- Northern HSC Trust, Antrim Area Hospital, Bush Road, Antrim BT41 2RL, UK
| | - L Burns
- Belfast HSC Trust, First Floor, West Wing, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - M Hookham
- Belfast HSC Trust, First Floor, West Wing, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
| | - G McKeeman
- Belfast HSC Trust, First Floor, West Wing, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK
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Lyons K, Bigman JS, Kacev D, Mull CG, Carlisle AB, Imhoff JL, Anderson JM, Weng KC, Galloway AS, Cave E, Gunn TR, Lowe CG, Brill RW, Bedore CN. Bridging disciplines to advance elasmobranch conservation: applications of physiological ecology. Conserv Physiol 2019; 7:coz011. [PMID: 31110763 PMCID: PMC6519003 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A strength of physiological ecology is its incorporation of aspects of both species' ecology and physiology; this holistic approach is needed to address current and future anthropogenic stressors affecting elasmobranch fishes that range from overexploitation to the effects of climate change. For example, physiology is one of several key determinants of an organism's ecological niche (along with evolutionary constraints and ecological interactions). The fundamental role of physiology in niche determination led to the development of the field of physiological ecology. This approach considers physiological mechanisms in the context of the environment to understand mechanistic variations that beget ecological trends. Physiological ecology, as an integrative discipline, has recently experienced a resurgence with respect to conservation applications, largely in conjunction with technological advances that extended physiological work from the lab into the natural world. This is of critical importance for species such as elasmobranchs (sharks, skates and rays), which are an especially understudied and threatened group of vertebrates. In 2017, at the American Elasmobranch Society meeting in Austin, Texas, the symposium entitled `Applications of Physiological Ecology in Elasmobranch Research' provided a platform for researchers to showcase work in which ecological questions were examined through a physiological lens. Here, we highlight the research presented at this symposium, which emphasized the strength of linking physiological tools with ecological questions. We also demonstrate the applicability of using physiological ecology research as a method to approach conservation issues, and advocate for a more available framework whereby results are more easily accessible for their implementation into management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lyons
- Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J S Bigman
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - D Kacev
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C G Mull
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | | | - J L Imhoff
- Florida State University Coastal and Marine Laboratory, St. Teresa, FL, USA
| | - J M Anderson
- University of Hawai`i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - K C Weng
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - A S Galloway
- South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, SC, USA
| | - E Cave
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - T R Gunn
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA USA
| | - C G Lowe
- California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - R W Brill
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA, USA
| | - C N Bedore
- Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA USA
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McCarthy M, Lyons K, Schellinger J, Stapleton K, Bakas T. INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP CHALLENGES AMONG STROKE SURVIVORS AND FAMILY CAREGIVERS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M McCarthy
- College of Social and Behavioral Sciences - Social Work
| | | | | | | | - T Bakas
- . University of Cincinnati - College of Nursing
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Medysky M, Lyons K, Dieckmann N, Sullivan D, Winters K. A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL FUNCTION, MENTAL HEALTH AND FATIGUE IN LUNG CANCER SURVIVORS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.1780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Medysky
- Oregon Health and Science University
| | - K Lyons
- Connell School of Nursing, Boston College
| | | | - D Sullivan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine
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Flynn T, Altamirano CD, García HR, Campos RB, Moya JZ, Larochelle E, Romano M, Cervinski M, Lyons K, Spaller M, Kennedy L, Bejarano S, Tsongalis G, Huyck K. Reducing Dermal Exposure to Agrochemical Carcinogens Using a Fluorescent Dye-Based Intervention Among Subsistence Farmers in Rural Honduras. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.72800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Occupational exposure to agrochemicals, some of which are known or suspected carcinogens, is a major health hazard for subsistence agricultural workers and their families. These impacts are more prevalent in low-and-middle income countries (LMICs) due to weak regulations, lack of awareness of the risks of contamination, general lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), and low literacy about proper agrochemical application techniques. Fluorescent tracer dyes have been described as a means of visualizing and quantifying dermal exposure to agricultural chemicals, and dye techniques adapted for LMICs have been developed previously. These tracer dyes have also been used in educational demonstrations about pesticide safety. However, studies evaluating the efficacy of these educational dye interventions in reducing exposure have been lacking. Aim: To evaluate whether observing one's own chemical contamination after applying agrochemicals changed the amount of occupational dermal exposure during a subsequent chemical application. Methods: We used a multimodal community intervention in a rural village in Honduras that incorporated chemical safety education and use of a fluorescent tracer dye during pesticide application and compared dermal exposure between the intervention group (previous dye experience and safety education) and the control group (safety education only). Results: Mean total visual score (TVS) of the tracer dye, which accounts for both extent and intensity of contamination, was lower among those who had previously experienced the dye intervention (mean TVS=41.3) than among participants who were dye-naïve (mean TVS=78.4), with a difference between means of -37.10 (95% CI [-66.26, -7.95], P = 0.02). Conclusion: That workers who had experienced the dye demonstration once before were significantly less contaminated on average when compared with the dye-naïve group indicates that a multimodal community intervention that utilizes fluorescent dye visualization may be effective in reducing dermal exposure to carcinogenic agrochemicals among subsistence farmers in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T.G. Flynn
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M. Romano
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Epidemiology, Hanover, NH
| | - M. Cervinski
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hanover, NH
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Lebanon, NH
| | - K. Lyons
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lebanon, NH
| | - M. Spaller
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - L. Kennedy
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - S. Bejarano
- La Liga Contra Cancer, Department of Oncology, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
| | - G.J. Tsongalis
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology–Clinical Genomics and Advanced Technology, Lebanon, NH
| | - K. Huyck
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Geisel School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lebanon, NH
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Primary Care, Lebanon, NH
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Faidley TD, Leiting B, Pryor KD, Lyons K, Hickey GJ, Thompson DR. Inhibition of Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Does Not Increase Circulating IGF-1 Concentrations in Growing Pigs. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 231:1373-8. [PMID: 16946406 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inactivates a variety of bioactive peptides, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH). Inhibiting DPP-IV in order to increase circulating GLP-1 is of interest as a treatment for Type II diabetes. Inactivation of DPP-IV may also increase circulating GHRH, potentially enhancing growth in domestic animals. To test the hypothesis that inhibition of DPP-IV activity will influence the growth hormone/IGF-1 axis, growing pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus, 78 kg) were treated with a DPP-IV inhibitor (Compound 1, the 2,5-difluorophenyl analog of the triazolopiperazine MK0431, sitagliptin), and plasma concentrations of IGF-1 were monitored. Pigs were administered either sterile saline (0.11 ml/kg followed by a continuous infusion at 2 ml/hr for 72 hrs, controls, n = 2), Compound 1 (2.78 mg/kg followed by a continuous infusion at 0.327 mg/kg·hr for 72 hrs, n = 4) or GHRH (0.11 ml/kg sterile saline, followed by a continuous infusion of GHRH at 2.5 μg/kg hr for 48 hrs, n = 4). Plasma concentrations of Compound 1 were maintained at 1 μM, which resulted in a 90% inhibition of circulating DPP-IV activity. Relative to the predose 24-hr period, area under the IGF-1 concentration curve (AUC) tended to be lower (P = 0.062) with Compound 1 (–79 ± 130 ng/ml hr) than controls (543 ± 330 ng/ml hr). GHRH treatment increased the IGF-1 AUC (1210 ± 160 ng/ml hr, P = 0.049 vs. controls and P = 0.001 vs. Compound 1). We conclude that inhibition of DPP-IV does not alter the circulating levels of IGF-1 in the growing pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Faidley
- Department of Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, Branchburg Farm, 203 River Road, Somerville, NJ 08876, USA.
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Lyons K, Lerma K, Shaw K. Body mass index (BMI) and procedure time in first- and second-trimester abortion: a retrospective chart review. Contraception 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lyons RE, Waine D, Collis E, Lyons K, Frost L, Kelly M. P1031 Genetic and genomic testing of cattle from tissue sample units under Australian conditions. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.94supplement430x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lyons K, Preti A, Madigan DJ, Wells RJD, Blasius ME, Snodgrass OE, Kacev D, Harris JD, Dewar H, Kohin S, MacKenzie K, Lowe CG. Insights into the life history and ecology of a large shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus captured in southern California. J Fish Biol 2015; 87:200-211. [PMID: 25998058 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In June 2013, a record-breaking female Isurus oxyrinchus (total length 373 cm, mass 600 kg) was captured by rod and reel off Huntington Beach, California, where it was subsequently donated to research and provided a rare opportunity to collect the first data for a female I. oxyrinchus of this size. Counts of vertebral band pairs estimate the shark to have been c. 22 years old, depending upon assumptions of band-pair deposition rates, and the distended uteri and spent ovaries indicated that this shark had recently given birth. The stomach contained a c. 4 year-old female California sea lion Zalophus californianus that confirmed the high trophic position of this large I. oxyrinchus, which was corroborated with the high levels of measured contaminants and tissue isotope analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lyons
- California State University Long Beach, Department of Biological Sciences, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840, U.S.A
| | - A Preti
- Ocean Associates, Incorporated, 4007 N Abingdon Street, Arlington, VA 22207, U.S.A
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, U.S.A
| | - D J Madigan
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, 105 Dana Hall, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, U.S.A
| | - R J D Wells
- Texas A & M University Galveston, Department of Marine Biology, 1001 Texas Clipper Rd, Galveston, TX 775543, U.S.A
| | - M E Blasius
- California State University Long Beach, Department of Biological Sciences, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840, U.S.A
| | - O E Snodgrass
- Ocean Associates, Incorporated, 4007 N Abingdon Street, Arlington, VA 22207, U.S.A
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, U.S.A
| | - D Kacev
- San Diego State University, Biology Department, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, U.S.A
| | - J D Harris
- National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - H Dewar
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, U.S.A
| | - S Kohin
- Fisheries Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, U.S.A
| | - K MacKenzie
- School of Biological Sciences (Zoology), The University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | - C G Lowe
- California State University Long Beach, Department of Biological Sciences, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Long Beach, CA 90840, U.S.A
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DePasquale E, Pandya K, Lyons K, Reardon L, Nsair A, Deng M, Ardehali A. Outcomes of Heart Transplantation in Adults With Amyloidosis: UNOS Registry Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Pandya K, Lyons K, Nsair A, Baas A, Cadeiras M, Cruz D, Reardon L, Deng M, Ardehali A, Depasquale E. Cardiac Retransplantation: How Far Have We Come? J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Dunivan G, Ninivaggio C, Lyons K, Jeppson P, Komesu Y, Rogers R. Does Genital Hiatus and Perineal Body Measurements Change with Increasing Prolapse Stage? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2014.12.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Toledo-Sherman L, Prime M, Mitchell W, Brown C, Gaines S, Johnson P, Mitchell W, Pena P, Reed L, Sehmi S, Selvaratnam S, Winkler D, Beconi M, Lyons K, Rassoulpour A, Dijkman U, Powell K, Ward W, Kempf V, Wheelan P, Yates D, Matthews K, Mrzljak L, Munoz-Sanjuan I, Dominguez C. A06 Chdi-00340246, A Kynurenine Monooxygenase Inhibitor As Potential Therapeutic Agent For The Treatment Of Huntington's Disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shiohira S, Yoshida T, Sugiura H, Nishida M, Nitta K, Tsuchiya K, Grampp S, Goppelt-Strube M, Eckardt KU, Schodel J, Kang SW, Kim Y, Seo SK, Kim T, Ong S, Yang WS, Han NJ, Lee JM, Baek CH, Park SK, Kemter E, Aigner B, Wanke R, Troyano Suarez N, Olmos Centenero G, Mora I, Griera M, Cano JL, Martin P, Zamora J, Ruiz-Torres MP, Falke LL, Leask A, Lyons K, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R, Park SK, Kim D, Lee AS, Jung YJ, Yang KH, Lee S, Kim W, Kim W, Kang KP, Garcia-Jerez A, Luengo-Rodriguez A, Ramirez-Chamond R, Carracedo J, Medrano-Andres D, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Calleros L, Kim HW, Park SK, Yang WS, Lee SK, Chang JW, Seo JW, Lee CT, Chou CA, Lee YT, Ng HY, Sanchez-Nino MD, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Perez-Gomez MV, Poveda J, Sanz AB, Cannata-Ortiz P, Egido J, Selgas R, Ortiz A, Ma SK, Kim IJ, Kim CS, Bae EH, Kim SW, Kokeny G, Boo'Si M, Fazekas K, Rosivall L, Mozes MM, Mijuskovic M, Ulrich C, Berger H, Trojanowicz B, Kohler F, Wolf A, Seibert E, Fiedler R, Markau S, Glomb M, Girndt M, Lajdova I, Spustova V, Oksa A, Chorvat D, Marcek Chorvatova A, Choi SO, Kim JS, Han BG, Yang JW, Liu S, Lv J, Chang R, Su F, Liang W, Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hundsdorfer J, Sester U, Fliser D, Heine GH, Chen JS, Cheng CW, Chang LC, Wu CZ, Novaes AS, Borges FT, Boim MA, Tramonti G, Romiti N, Chieli E, Hamahata S, Nagasawa Y, Kawabe M, Kida A, Yahiro M, Nanami M, Hasuike Y, Kuragano T, Nakasho K, Ohyama H, Nakanishi T, Tanaka S, Yano S, Sugimoto T, Bae E, Stevens KK, Hillyard DZ, Delles C, Jardine AG, Burke M, Morais C, Soyer P, Sinnya S, Winterford C, Oliver K, Lambie D, Staatz C, Carroll R, Campbell S, Isbel N, Felaco P, Pesce M, Patruno A, Sirolli V, Speranza L, Amoroso L, Franceschelli S, Bonomini M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Thilo F, Zakrzewicz A, Tepel M, Liu S, Li Y, Liang W, Su F, Wang B. CELL SIGNALLING AND APOPTOSIS. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Morris JK, Vidoni ED, Perea RD, Rada R, Johnson DK, Lyons K, Pahwa R, Burns JM, Honea RA. Insulin resistance and gray matter volume in neurodegenerative disease. Neuroscience 2014; 270:139-47. [PMID: 24735819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to compare insulin resistance in aging and aging-related neurodegenerative diseases, and to determine the relationship between insulin resistance and gray matter volume (GMV) in each cohort using an unbiased, voxel-based approach. Insulin resistance was estimated in apparently healthy elderly control (HC, n=21) and neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer's disease (AD), n=20; Parkinson's disease (PD), n=22) groups using Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance 2 (HOMA2) and intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). HOMA2 and GMV were assessed within groups through General Linear Model multiple regression. We found that HOMA2 was increased in both AD and PD compared to the HC group (HC vs. AD, p=0.002, HC vs. PD, p=0.003), although only AD subjects exhibited increased fasting glucose (p=0.005). Furthermore, our voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed that HOMA2 was related to GMV in all cohorts in a region-specific manner (p<0.001, uncorrected). Significant relationships were observed in the medial prefrontal cortex (HC), medial temporal regions (AD), and parietal regions (PD). Finally, the directionality of the relationship between HOMA2 and GMV was disease-specific. Both HC and AD subjects exhibited negative relationships between HOMA2 and brain volume (increased HOMA2 associated with decreased brain volume), while a positive relationship was observed in PD. This cross-sectional study suggests that insulin resistance is increased in neurodegenerative disease, and that individuals with AD appear to have more severe metabolic dysfunction than individuals with PD or PD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Morris
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - E D Vidoni
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - R D Perea
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - R Rada
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - D K Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States.
| | - K Lyons
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - R Pahwa
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - J M Burns
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| | - R A Honea
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
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Spence MS, Lyons K, McVerry F, Smith B, Manoharan GB, Maguire C, Doherty R, Anderson L, Morton A, Hughes S, Hoeritzauer I, Manoharan G. New St. Jude Medical Portico™ transcatheter aortic valve: features and early results. Minerva Cardioangiol 2013; 61:263-269. [PMID: 23681129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Patients with symptomatic aortic valve disease who are inoperable or have high surgery-related risks may be treated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation devices. With this method increasingly applied, device innovations are aimed at achieving improved procedural results and therapeutic outcome. This paper describes the innovations implemented in the St. Jude Medical Portico™ system for transcatheter aortic valve implantation, the application of this system and initial clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Spence
- Belfast Heart Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Trust, Belfast, UK.
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Abstract
This review is to explore the factors affecting the uptake of skilled birth attendants for delivery and the issues associated with women's role and choices of maternal health care service for delivery in Nepal. Literature was reviewed across the globe and discussed in a Nepalese context. Delivery by Skilled Birth Attendance serves as an indicator of progress towards reducing maternal mortality worldwide, the fifth Millennium Development Goal. Nepal has committed to reducing its maternal mortality by 75% by 2015 through ensuring accessibility to the availability and utilisation of skilled care at every birth. The literature suggests that several socio-economic, cultural and religious factors play a significant role in the use of Skilled Birth Attendance for delivery in Nepal. Availability of transportation and distance to the health facility; poor infrastructure and lack of services; availability and accessibility of the services; cost and convenience; staff shortages and attitudes; gender inequality; status of women in society; women's involvement in decision making; and women's autonomy and place of residence are significant contributing factors for uptake of Skilled Birth Attendance for delivery in Nepal. The review found more quantitative research studies exploring the determinants of utilisation of the maternal health services during pregnancy in Nepal than qualitative studies. Findings of quantitative research show that different social demographic, economic, socio-cultural and religious factors are responsible for the utilisation of maternal health services but very few studies discussed how and why these factors are responsible for utilisation of skilled birth attendants in pregnancy. It is suggested that there is need for more qualitative research to explore the women's role and choice regarding use of skilled birth attendants services and to find out how and why these factors are responsible for utilisation of skilled birth attendants for delivery. Qualitative research will help further exploration of the issues and contribute to improvement of maternal health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Baral
- Faculty of Applied Social Sciences, Ladbroke House, London Metropolitan University, UK.
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Russo J, Armeson K, Bertke M, Lyons K, Sharma A. Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) in Advanced Inoperable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Toxicity, Survival, and Patterns of Failure. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Malek IA, King A, Sharma H, Malek S, Lyons K, Jones S, John A. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of raised plasma metal ion levels in the diagnosis of adverse reaction to metal debris in symptomatic patients with a metal-on-metal arthroplasty of the hip. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 94:1045-50. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.94b8.27626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Plasma levels of cobalt and chromium ions and Metal Artefact Reduction Sequence (MARS)-MRI scans were performed on patients with 209 consecutive, unilateral, symptomatic metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasties. There was wide variation in plasma cobalt and chromium levels, and MARS-MRI scans were positive for adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) in 84 hips (40%). There was a significant difference in the median plasma cobalt and chromium levels between those with positive and negative MARS-MRI scans (p < 0.001). Compared with MARS-MRI as the potential reference standard for the diagnosis of ARMD, the sensitivity of metal ion analysis for cobalt or chromium with a cut-off of > 7 µg/l was 57%. The specificity was 65%, positive predictive value was 52% and the negative predictive value was 69% in symptomatic patients. A lowered threshold of > 3.5 µg/l for cobalt and chromium ion levels improved the sensitivity and negative predictive value to 86% and 74% but at the expense of specificity (27%) and positive predictive value (44%). Metal ion analysis is not recommended as a sole indirect screening test in the surveillance of symptomatic patients with a MoM arthroplasty. The investigating clinicians should have a low threshold for obtaining cross-sectional imaging in these patients, even in the presence of low plasma metal ion levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. A. Malek
- Wales Deanery, Neuadd
Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14
4YS, UK
| | - A. King
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath
Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - H. Sharma
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath
Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - S. Malek
- St. Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals
NHS Trust, Marshalls Cross Road, St Helens
WA9 3DA, UK
| | - K. Lyons
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath
Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - S. Jones
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath
Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - A. John
- University Hospital of Wales, Heath
Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
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Abstract
The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical considerations related to increasing the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) when restoring a patient's dentition. Thorough extraoral and intraoral evaluations are mandatory to assess the suitability of increasing OVD. In the literature, multiple techniques have been proposed to quantify OVD loss. However, the techniques lack consistency and reliability, which in turn affects the decision of whether to increase the OVD. Therefore, increasing OVD should be determined on the basis of the dental restorative needs and aesthetic demands. In general, a minimal increase in OVD should be applied, though a 5 mm maximum increase in OVD can be justified to provide adequate occlusal space for the restorative material and to improve anterior teeth aesthetics. The literature reflects the safety of increasing the OVD permanently, and although signs and symptoms may develop, these are usually of an interim nature. Whenever indicated, the increase in OVD should be achieved with fixed restorations rather than a removable appliance, due to the predictable patient adaptation. The exception to this is for patients with TMD, where increasing the OVD should still be achieved using removable appliances to control TMD-associated symptoms before considering any form of irreversible procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abduo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
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Lyons K, Salsbury S, Hondras M, Jones M, Andresen A, Goertz C. P05.59. Older adults’ attitudes on collaborative care of low back pain by doctors of chiropractic and medical doctors: a focus group study. BMC Complement Altern Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373823 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Goertz C, Salsbury S, Vining R, Andresen A, Hondras M, Jones M, Killinger L, Long C, Lyons K, Wallace R. P03.09. Development of an interprofessional model of collaborative care by doctors of chiropractic and medical doctors for older adults with low back pain. Altern Ther Health Med 2012. [PMCID: PMC3373706 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-s1-p262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Yount C, Lyons K, Rahnema S, McDonald D, Peng J, Vanek K. SU-E-J-193: Gamma Knife Perfexion End-To-End Testing with a Commercial Stereotactic Phantom. Med Phys 2012; 39:3697. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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25
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Elble R, LeWitt P, Lyons K, Ondo W, Pahwa R, Sethi K, Stover N, Tarsy D, Testa C, Tintner R, Zesiewicz T. Inter-Rater Reliability of the Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS) (S32.004). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s32.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Mukhopadhyay S, Metcalfe A, Guha AR, Mohanty K, Hemmadi S, Lyons K, O'Doherty D. Malreduction of syndesmosis--are we considering the anatomical variation? Injury 2011; 42:1073-6. [PMID: 21550047 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the need for accurate reduction of ankle syndesmosis. Measurement of syndesmosis is difficult on plain radiographs. A computed tomography (CT) scan allows better visualisation of the transverse relationship between the fibula and incisura fibularis. The difference ('G' a term we coined for ease of description) between the fibula and the anterior and posterior facets of the incisura fibularis was compared between normal and injured ankles following syndesmotic fixation in 19 patients. The mean diastasis (MD) was also calculated, representing the average measurement between the fibula and the anterior and posterior incisura. When compared with the normal side, eight out of 19 (42%) cases were found to have a residual diastasis even after fixation across the syndesmosis. However, if a standard value of G (2mm) was used for the injured leg only, all of the 19 cases would have abnormal values of 'G' following reduction. Our study has clearly demonstrated the need for individualising the assessment method to guide surgeons and radiologists prior to revision surgery. A standard value of 'G' of 2mm as the normal limit cannot be applied universally, as apparent from the data presented in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK.
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27
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Abstract
Tooth wear has been recognised as a major problem in dentistry. Epidemiological studies have reported an increasing prevalence of tooth wear and general dental practitioners see a greater number of patients seeking treatment with worn dentition. Although the dental literature contains numerous publications related to management and rehabilitation of tooth wear of varying aetiologies, our understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of tooth wear is still limited. The wear behaviour of dental biomaterials has also been extensively researched to improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and for the development of restorative materials with good wear resistance. The complex nature of tooth wear indicates challenges for conducting in vitro and in vivo wear investigations and a clear correlation between in vitro and in vivo data has not been established. The objective was to critically review the peer reviewed English-language literature pertaining to prevalence and aetiology of tooth wear and wear investigations in dentistry identified through a Medline search engine combined with hand-searching of the relevant literature, covering the period between 1960 and 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lee
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abduo
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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29
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Abstract
Zirconia is unique in its polymorphic crystalline makeup, reported to be sensitive to manufacturing and handling processes, and there is debate about which processing method is least harmful to the final product. Currently, zirconia restorations are manufactured by either soft or hard-milling processes, with the manufacturer of each claiming advantages over the other. Chipping of the veneering porcelain is reported as a common problem and has been labelled as its main clinical setback. The objective of this systematic review is to report on the clinical success of zirconia-based restorations fabricated by both milling processes, in regard to framework fractures and veneering porcelain chipping. A comprehensive review of the literature was completed for in vivo trials on zirconia restorations in MEDLINE and PubMed between 1950 and 2009. A manual hand search of relevant dental journals was also completed. Seventeen clinical trials involving zirconia-based restorations were found, 13 were conducted on fixed partial dentures, two on single crowns and two on zirconia implant abutments, of which 11 were based on soft-milled zirconia and six on hard-milled zirconia. Chipping of the veneering porcelain was a common occurrence, and framework fracture was only observed in soft-milled zirconia. Based on the limited number of short-term in vivo studies, zirconia appears to be suitable for the fabrication of single crowns, and fixed partial dentures and implant abutments providing strict protocols during the manufacturing and delivery process are adhered to. Further long-term prospective studies are necessary to establish the best manufacturing process for zirconia-based restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Al-Amleh
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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30
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Abstract
Zirconia is unique in its polymorphic crystalline makeup, reported to be sensitive to manufacturing and handling processes, and there is debate about which processing method is least harmful to the final product. Currently, zirconia restorations are manufactured by either soft or hard-milling processes, with the manufacturer of each claiming advantages over the other. Chipping of the veneering porcelain is reported as a common problem and has been labelled as its main clinical setback. The objective of this systematic review is to report on the clinical success of zirconia-based restorations fabricated by both milling processes, in regard to framework fractures and veneering porcelain chipping. A comprehensive review of the literature was completed for in vivo trials on zirconia restorations in MEDLINE and PubMed between 1950 and 2009. A manual hand search of relevant dental journals was also completed. Seventeen clinical trials involving zirconia-based restorations were found, 13 were conducted on fixed partial dentures, two on single crowns and two on zirconia implant abutments, of which 11 were based on soft-milled zirconia and six on hard-milled zirconia. Chipping of the veneering porcelain was a common occurrence, and framework fracture was only observed in soft-milled zirconia. Based on the limited number of short-term in vivo studies, zirconia appears to be suitable for the fabrication of single crowns, and fixed partial dentures and implant abutments providing strict protocols during the manufacturing and delivery process are adhered to. Further long-term prospective studies are necessary to establish the best manufacturing process for zirconia-based restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Al-Amleh
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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31
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Watts R, Pahwa R, Lyons K, Boroojerdi B. P2.174 Long-term safety of rotigotine transdermal patch in early-stage Parkinson's disease: four year results. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70525-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Lebedenko VN, Araújo HM, Barnes EJ, Bewick A, Cashmore R, Chepel V, Currie A, Davidge D, Dawson J, Durkin T, Edwards B, Ghag C, Horn M, Howard AS, Hughes AJ, Jones WG, Joshi M, Kalmus GE, Kovalenko AG, Lindote A, Liubarsky I, Lopes MI, Lüscher R, Lyons K, Majewski P, Murphy ASJ, Neves F, da Cunha JP, Preece R, Quenby JJ, Scovell PR, Silva C, Solovov VN, Smith NJT, Smith PF, Stekhanov VN, Sumner TJ, Thorne C, Walker RJ. Limits on the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections from the first science run of the ZEPLIN-III experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:151302. [PMID: 19905617 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.151302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 09/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present new experimental constraints on the WIMP-nucleon spin-dependent elastic cross sections using data from the first science run of ZEPLIN-III, a two-phase xenon experiment searching for galactic dark matter weakly interacting massive particles based at the Boulby mine. Analysis of approximately 450 kg x days fiducial exposure allow us to place a 90%-confidence upper limit on the pure WIMP-neutron cross section of sigma(n)=1.9x10(-2) pb at 55 GeV/c(2) WIMP mass. Recent calculations of the nuclear spin structure based on the Bonn charge-dependent nucleon-nucleon potential were used for the odd-neutron isotopes 129Xe and 131Xe. These indicate that the sensitivity of xenon targets to the spin-dependent WIMP-proton interaction could be much lower than implied by previous calculations, whereas the WIMP-neutron sensitivity is impaired only by a factor of approximately 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Lebedenko
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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33
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Abstract
We have evaluated retrospectively the relationship of bony injuries seen on 106 consecutive MR scans in elderly patients of a mean age of 81.4 years (67 to 101) who were unable to bear weight after a low-energy injury. There were no visible fractures on plain radiographs of the hip but eight patients (7.5%) had fractures of the pubic ramus. In 43 patients (40.5%) MRI revealed a fracture of the femoral neck and in 26 (24.5%) there was a fracture of a pubic ramus. In 17 patients (16%) MRI showed an occult sacral fracture and all of these had a fracture of the pubic ramus. No patient with a fracture of the femoral neck had an associated fracture of the pelvic ring or vice versa. Occult fracture of the hip and of the pelvic ring appear to be mutually exclusive and if an acute fracture of the pubic ramus is diagnosed radiologically further investigations are not needed to rule out an occult fracture of the hip.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Lakshmanan
- Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE4 6BE, UK
| | - A. Sharma
- University Hospital of Wales Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - K. Lyons
- University Hospital of Wales Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK
| | - J. P. Peehal
- New Cross Hospital, Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
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34
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Abstract
The Fc function of immunoglobulins is commonly determined by an assay based on monitoring immunoglobulin induced, complement mediated red cell lysis. This assay requires a continuous source of fresh red cells. We have shown that the assay can be successfully performed with frozen red cells. The possibility of access to a stored standard stock of red cells will improve the convenience of performing the assay and could contribute to improved assay reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gurevich
- CSL Bioplasma, Research and Development, 189-209 Camp Road, Broadmeadows, Victoria 3047, Australia
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35
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Srinivasan M, Yudelev M, Gutman G, Burmeister J, Lyons K, Joiner M. TH-C-224C-01: Relative Biological Effectiveness(RBE) and Dosimetry of Low Energy Photons(8keV) Generated Using Miniature X-Ray Tubes. Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2241874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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36
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Hart RG, Gupta A, Lyons K. A hand research fellowship training programme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 30:515-20. [PMID: 16051402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2005.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Accepted: 05/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
There are currently 68 hand surgery fellowship programmes known to the authors in the United States and many more throughout the world. To our knowledge, there are no hand fellowships which focus on research. Such a hand surgery research fellowship is being developed to provide this training. This paper outlines the goals and objectives of the intended 2 year training programme and includes a description of the fellowship. The first year would be mostly committed to learning research methods and the second would be a clinical hand fellowship. This will combine clinical expertise in hand surgery, practical research experience and formal research training. Hand researchers would learn research methods, develop innovative research ideas and begin an active research and academic career.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Hart
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louiseville, Kentucky, USA.
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Henriquez FL, Nickdel MB, McLeod R, Lyons RE, Lyons K, Dubremetz JF, Grigg ME, Samuel BU, Roberts CW. Toxoplasma gondiidense granule protein 3 (GRA3) is a type I transmembrane protein that possesses a cytoplasmic dilysine (KKXX) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval motif. Parasitology 2005; 131:169-79. [PMID: 16149193 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005007559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Studies using antibodies to immunolocalize theToxoplasma gondiidense granule protein GRA3, have shown that this protein associates strongly with the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM). However, as there was no predicted membrane-spanning domain this highlighted an unanswered paradox. We demonstrate that the previously published sequence for GRA3 is actually an artificial chimera of 2 proteins. One protein, of molecular weight 65 kDa, shares the C-terminus with published GRA3 and possesses no significant sequence similarity with any protein thus far deposited in Genbank. The second, with a predicted molecular weight of 24 kDa shares the N-terminal region, is recognized by the monoclonal antibody 2H11 known to react with the dense granules ofT. gondiiand is therefore the authentic GRA3. The corrected GRA3 has an N-terminal secretory signal sequence and a transmembrane domain consistent with its insertion into the PVM. Antibodies to recombinant GRA3 recognize a protein of 24 kDa inT. gondiiexcretory–secretory antigen preparations. The signal peptide is necessary and sufficient to target GFP to the dense granules and parasitophorous vacuole. A homologue was identified inNeospora caninum. Finally, GRA3 possesses a dilysine ‘KKXX’ endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrieval motif that rationalizes its association with PVM and possibly the host cell ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Henriquez
- Department of Immunology, Strathclyde Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 ONR, Scotland, UK.
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38
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Nguyen BN, Pierson R, Schroeder C, Zhang T, Wu G, Hammed A, Peterson L, Azimzadeh A, Lyons K, Singer I, DeMartino J. COMBINATION OF CCR5 BLOCKADE AND CYCLOSPORINE A ATTENUATES CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATES. Transplantation 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200407271-01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lyons K, Shallcross J, Bakran A. Eight years experience of reimbursement costs associated with an active living kidney donor programme. Transplantation 2004. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-200407271-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Poole K, Hood K, Davis BD, Monypenny IJ, Sweetland H, Webster DJ, Lyons K, Mansel RE. Psychological distress associated with waiting for results of diagnostic investigations for breast disease. Breast 2004; 8:334-8. [PMID: 14731462 DOI: 10.1054/brst.1999.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a multi-method research project investigating the psychological distress associated with waiting for results of diagnostic investigations in a delayed-results breast clinic. A cohort of 126 women completed standardized psychometric instruments to assess anxiety, mood and coping over 3 days. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 respondents. The findings indicate that waiting sustained but did not exacerbate psychological distress. Peri-diagnostic anxiety, depression, uncertainty and confusion were associated with anxiety levels immediately following triple assessment. Women leaving the clinic with low anxiety retained this composure throughout the peri-diagnostic period. Those in the moderate and high anxiety groups recorded sustained anxiety, depression, uncertainty and confusion, with mean scores comparable to and exceeding those reported by psychiatric out-patients. Coping during the waiting period was typically accomplished by emotion-focused strategies. Qualitative data suggested the delayed-results clinic structure may facilitate psychological preparation for test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Poole
- University of Wales College of Medicine, Division of General Practice, Cardiff, UK.
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41
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van der Walt JM, Martin ER, Scott WK, Zhang F, Nance MA, Watts RL, Hubble JP, Haines JL, Koller WC, Lyons K, Pahwa R, Stern MB, Colcher A, Hiner BC, Jankovic J, Ondo WG, Allen FH, Goetz CG, Small GW, Mastaglia F, Roses AD, Stajich JM, Booze MW, Fujiwara K, Gibson RA, Middleton LT, Scott BL, Pericak-Vance MA, Vance JM. Genetic polymorphisms of the N-acetyltransferase genes and risk of Parkinson's disease. Neurology 2003; 60:1189-91. [PMID: 12682333 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000055929.84668.9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the authors demonstrated linkage in idiopathic PD to a region on chromosome 8p that contains the N-acetyltransferase genes, NAT1 and NAT2. The authors examined NAT1 and NAT2 for association with PD using family-based association methods and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The authors did not find evidence for association with increased risk for PD between any individual NAT1 or NAT2 SNP or acetylation haplotype (N = 397 families, 1,580 individuals).
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Affiliation(s)
- J M van der Walt
- Department of Medicine and Center for Human Genetics, Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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42
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Brigstock DR, Goldschmeding R, Katsube KI, Lam SCT, Lau LF, Lyons K, Naus C, Perbal B, Riser B, Takigawa M, Yeger H. Proposal for a unified CCN nomenclature. Mol Pathol 2003; 56:127-8. [PMID: 12665631 PMCID: PMC1187305 DOI: 10.1136/mp.56.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A proposal is put forth to unify the nomenclature of the CCN family of secreted, cysteine rich regulatory proteins. In the order of their description in the literature, CCN1 (CYR61), CCN2 (CTGF), CCN3 (NOV), CCN4 (WISP-1), CCN5 (WISP-2), and CCN6 (WISP-3) constitute a family of matricellular proteins that regulate cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, and differentiation, at least in part through integrin mediated mechanisms. This proposal is endorsed by the International CCN Society and will serve to eliminate confusion from the multiple names that have been given to these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Brigstock
- Department of Surgery, Ohio State University, Colombus, Ohio 43205, USA
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43
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Warren RML, Young JR, McLean L, Lyons K, Wilson ARM, Evans A, Duffy SW, Warsi IM. Radiology review of the UKCCCR Breast Screening Frequency Trial: potential improvements in sensitivity and lead time of radiological signs. Clin Radiol 2003; 58:128-32. [PMID: 12623041 DOI: 10.1053/crad.2002.1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To review all previous mammograms of breast cancer cases diagnosed during a randomized trial comparing 3 yearly to annual mammographic screening with a view to identifying and quantifying cases that might potentially have been diagnosed earlier. METHODS Mammograms of 602 breast cancer cases (399 screen-detected and 203 interval cases) were reviewed in chronological order and suspicious radiological features noted for each mammogram, up to and including the diagnostic mammogram. RESULTS Of the 602 cases, 79 (13%) had features at diagnosis that were visible on previous mammograms, suggesting a sensitivity of interpretation of 87%. A similar proportion of screen-detected (14%) and interval cancers (11%) had signs at diagnosis that were visible on previous mammograms. The potential for improvement was particularly noted for asymmetric density (sensitivity = 77%, average time visible before diagnosis 14 months) and parenchymal deformity/stellate lesion (sensitivity = 81%, average time visible before diagnosis 12 months). CONCLUSION The highest sensitivity was observed for comedo-type microcalcifications (sensitivity = 97%, average time visible before diagnosis 5 months). By improvements in sensitivity to asymmetric density and parenchymal deformity/stellate lesion, 4% of tumours could have their time of diagnosis advanced substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M L Warren
- Department of Radiology, St Margaret's Hospital, Epping, UK.
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Birkett A, Lyons K, Schmidt A, Boyd D, Oliveira GA, Siddique A, Nussenzweig R, Calvo-Calle JM, Nardin E. A modified hepatitis B virus core particle containing multiple epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein provides a highly immunogenic malaria vaccine in preclinical analyses in rodent and primate hosts. Infect Immun 2002; 70:6860-70. [PMID: 12438363 PMCID: PMC133050 DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.12.6860-6870.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2002] [Revised: 07/13/2002] [Accepted: 08/24/2002] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive public health efforts, there are presently 200 to 400 million malaria infections and 1 to 2 million deaths each year due to the Plasmodium parasite. A prime target for malaria vaccine development is the circumsporozoite (CS) protein, which is expressed on the extracellular sporozoite and the intracellular hepatic stages of the parasite. Previous studies in rodent malaria models have shown that CS repeat B-cell epitopes expressed in a recombinant hepatitis B virus core (HBc) protein can elicit protective immunity. To design a vaccine for human use, a series of recombinant HBc proteins containing epitopes of Plasmodium falciparum CS protein were assayed for immunogenicity in mice [A. Birkett, B. Thornton, D. Milich, G. A. Oliveira, A. Siddique, R. Nussenzweig, J. M. Calvo-Calle, and E. H. Nardin, abstract from the 50th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2001, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 65(Suppl. 3):258, 2001; D. R. Milich, J. Hughes, J. Jones, M. Sallberg, and T. R. Phillips, Vaccine 20:771-788, 2001]. The present paper summarizes preclinical analyses of the optimal P. falciparum HBc vaccine candidate, termed ICC-1132, which contains T- and B-cell epitopes from the repeat region and a universal T-cell epitope from the C terminus of the CS protein. The vaccine was highly immunogenic in mice and in Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus) monkeys. When formulated in adjuvants suitable for human use, the vaccine elicited antisporozoite antibody titers that were logs higher than those obtained in previous studies. Human malaria-specific CD4(+)-T-cell clones and T cells of ICC-1132-immunized mice specifically recognized malaria T-cell epitopes contained in the vaccine. In addition to inducing strong malaria-specific immune responses in naïve hosts, ICC-1132 elicited potent anamnestic antibody responses in mice primed with P. falciparum sporozoites, suggesting potential efficacy in enhancing the sporozoite-primed immune responses of individuals living in areas where malaria is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Birkett
- Apovia Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA
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45
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Ganapathi M, Joseph G, Savage R, Jones AR, Timms B, Lyons K. MRI susceptibility artefacts related to scaphoid screws: the effect of screw type, screw orientation and imaging parameters. J Hand Surg Br 2002; 27:165-70. [PMID: 12027494 DOI: 10.1054/jhsb.2001.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal implants produce susceptibility artefacts in magnetic resonance imaging. We have explored the effects of scaphoid screw characteristics and orientation on MR susceptibility artefact. Titanium alloy, smallness and longitudinal alignment with the z-axis of the main magnetic field reduce the size of the susceptibility artefact.
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Scott WK, Nance MA, Watts RL, Hubble JP, Koller WC, Lyons K, Pahwa R, Stern MB, Colcher A, Hiner BC, Jankovic J, Ondo WG, Allen FH, Goetz CG, Small GW, Masterman D, Mastaglia F, Laing NG, Stajich JM, Slotterbeck B, Booze MW, Ribble RC, Rampersaud E, West SG, Gibson RA, Middleton LT, Roses AD, Haines JL, Scott BL, Vance JM, Pericak-Vance MA. Complete genomic screen in Parkinson disease: evidence for multiple genes. JAMA 2001; 286:2239-44. [PMID: 11710888 DOI: 10.1001/jama.286.18.2239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The relative contribution of genes vs environment in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) is controversial. Although genetic studies have identified 2 genes in which mutations cause rare single-gene variants of PD and observational studies have suggested a genetic component, twin studies have suggested that little genetic contribution exists in the common forms of PD. OBJECTIVE To identify genetic risk factors for idiopathic PD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Genetic linkage study conducted 1995-2000 in which a complete genomic screen (n = 344 markers) was performed in 174 families with multiple individuals diagnosed as having idiopathic PD, identified through probands in 13 clinic populations in the continental United States and Australia. A total of 870 family members were studied: 378 diagnosed as having PD, 379 unaffected by PD, and 113 with unclear status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Logarithm of odds (lod) scores generated from parametric and nonparametric genetic linkage analysis. RESULTS Two-point parametric maximum parametric lod score (MLOD) and multipoint nonparametric lod score (LOD) linkage analysis detected significant evidence for linkage to 5 distinct chromosomal regions: chromosome 6 in the parkin gene (MLOD = 5.07; LOD = 5.47) in families with at least 1 individual with PD onset at younger than 40 years, chromosomes 17q (MLOD = 2.28; LOD = 2.62), 8p (MLOD = 2.01; LOD = 2.22), and 5q (MLOD = 2.39; LOD = 1.50) overall and in families with late-onset PD, and chromosome 9q (MLOD = 1.52; LOD = 2.59) in families with both levodopa-responsive and levodopa-nonresponsive patients. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the parkin gene is important in early-onset PD and that multiple genetic factors may be important in the development of idiopathic late-onset PD.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Age of Onset
- Aged
- Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Drug Resistance
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genotype
- Humans
- Levodopa/therapeutic use
- Ligases/genetics
- Lod Score
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Middle Aged
- Parkinson Disease/drug therapy
- Parkinson Disease/epidemiology
- Parkinson Disease/genetics
- Risk Factors
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Scott
- Center for Human Genetics, Box 3445, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Martin ER, Scott WK, Nance MA, Watts RL, Hubble JP, Koller WC, Lyons K, Pahwa R, Stern MB, Colcher A, Hiner BC, Jankovic J, Ondo WG, Allen FH, Goetz CG, Small GW, Masterman D, Mastaglia F, Laing NG, Stajich JM, Ribble RC, Booze MW, Rogala A, Hauser MA, Zhang F, Gibson RA, Middleton LT, Roses AD, Haines JL, Scott BL, Pericak-Vance MA, Vance JM. Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the tau gene with late-onset Parkinson disease. JAMA 2001; 286:2245-50. [PMID: 11710889 PMCID: PMC3973175 DOI: 10.1001/jama.286.18.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The human tau gene, which promotes assembly of neuronal microtubules, has been associated with several rare neurologic diseases that clinically include parkinsonian features. We recently observed linkage in idiopathic Parkinson disease (PD) to a region on chromosome 17q21 that contains the tau gene. These factors make tau a good candidate for investigation as a susceptibility gene for idiopathic PD, the most common form of the disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the tau gene is involved in idiopathic PD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Among a sample of 1056 individuals from 235 families selected from 13 clinical centers in the United States and Australia and from a family ascertainment core center, we tested 5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the tau gene for association with PD, using family-based tests of association. Both affected (n = 426) and unaffected (n = 579) family members were included; 51 individuals had unclear PD status. Analyses were conducted to test individual SNPs and SNP haplotypes within the tau gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Family-based tests of association, calculated using asymptotic distributions. RESULTS Analysis of association between the SNPs and PD yielded significant evidence of association for 3 of the 5 SNPs tested: SNP 3, P =.03; SNP 9i, P =.04; and SNP 11, P =.04. The 2 other SNPs did not show evidence of significant association (SNP 9ii, P =.11, and SNP 9iii, P =.87). Strong evidence of association was found with haplotype analysis, with a positive association with one haplotype (P =.009) and a negative association with another haplotype (P =.007). Substantial linkage disequilibrium (P<.001) was detected between 4 of the 5 SNPs (SNPs 3, 9i, 9ii, and 11). CONCLUSIONS This integrated approach of genetic linkage and positional association analyses implicates tau as a susceptibility gene for idiopathic PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Martin
- Center for Human Genetics, Box 2903, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Lyons RE, Lyons K, McLeod R, Roberts CW. Construction and validation of a polycompetitor construct (SWITCH) for use in competitive RT-PCR to assess tachyzoite-bradyzoite interconversion in Toxoplasma gondii. Parasitology 2001; 123:433-9. [PMID: 11719953 DOI: 10.1017/s003118200100868x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii exists as 2 life-cycle forms in intermediate hosts. The rapidly dividing tachyzoites responsible for acute disease, present in the first 14 days of infection, give rise to slowly dividing bradyzoites that reside in tissue cysts. Reactivation of disease is associated with conversion of bradyzoites to tachyzoites. A sensitive method for detection and assessment of the number of each life-cycle stage would be useful for following these events. Herein we describe the construction and validation of a plasmid (pSWITCH) containing a polycompetitor construct (SWITCH) for use in competitive reverse transcriptase-PCR (cRT-PCR). pSWITCH contains competitors for SAG2A and LDH2 genes, which are exclusively expressed by tachyzoite and bradyzoite stages respectively, and for beta-tubulin, a gene expressed by both stages. Using cRT-PCR, samples can first be accurately normalized for expression of the housekeeping gene, beta-tubulin and then the relative levels of SAG2A and LDH2 expression compared to follow stage conversion. The abundance of transcripts for other genes of interest can then be followed during this process as demonstrated here for the SAG2-related family of genes. This technique offers a powerful tool for studying the processes involved in tachyzoite and bradyzoite interconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Lyons
- Department of Immunology, Strathclyde Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Hagmann WK, Durette PL, Lanza T, Kevin NJ, de Laszlo SE, Kopka IE, Young D, Magriotis PA, Li B, Lin LS, Yang G, Kamenecka T, Chang LL, Wilson J, MacCoss M, Mills SG, Van Riper G, McCauley E, Egger LA, Kidambi U, Lyons K, Vincent S, Stearns R, Colletti A, Teffera J, Tong S, Fenyk-Melody J, Owens K, Levorse D, Kim P, Schmidt JA, Mumford RA. The discovery of sulfonylated dipeptides as potent VLA-4 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:2709-13. [PMID: 11591507 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Directed screening of a carboxylic acid-containing combinatorial library led to the discovery of potent inhibitors of the integrin VLA-4. Subsequent optimization by solid-phase synthesis afforded a series of sulfonylated dipeptide inhibitors with structural components that when combined in a single hybrid molecule gave a sub-nanomolar inhibitor as a lead for medicinal chemistry. Preliminary metabolic studies led to the discovery of substituted biphenyl derivatives with low picomolar activities. SAR and pharmacokinetic characterization of this series are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Hagmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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Lyons K. Aetiology of abfraction lesions. THE NEW ZEALAND DENTAL JOURNAL 2001; 97:93-8. [PMID: 11695152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The aetiology of abfraction lesions is complex. Most evidence indicates that physical loading forces are a major contributing factor, although they are unlikely to be entirely responsible. Intraoral chemical influences and toothbrush abrasion, combined with the dynamics of inter-occlusal activity such as chewing, swallowing, and parafunction, lead to stress corrosion and may contribute to abfraction lesions. The multifactorial aetiology that operates in the initiation and progression of these lesions has made investigation difficult. Various theories have been proposed and numerous surveys and studies conducted, but the primary causal factor has yet to be definitively determined. This review concludes that occlusal loading is the initiating factor in the development of abfraction lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lyons
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 647, Dunedin
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