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Zheng C, Tian XY, Sun FH, Huang WY, Sheridan S, Wu Y, Wong SHS. Associations of Sedentary Patterns with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Physically Active Young Males. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:838-844. [PMID: 33017350 PMCID: PMC7969161 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sitting time (ST) is a serious global health issue and positively associated with cardiometabolic disease. The present study investigated associations between objectively measured ST, sedentary patterns, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in physically active young males. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was completed in 94 males 18-35 yr of age. Total ST, prolonged sedentary bouts (≥30 min with no interruption), and sedentary breaks (transitions from sitting/lying to standing/stepping) were assessed using activPAL. Lipids, insulin, C-peptide, C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, E-selectin, P-selectin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were measured using assay kits. The expression of specific proteins related to endothelial dysfunction was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Associations between total ST, prolonged sedentary bouts, and sedentary breaks with cardiometabolic biomarkers and total ST and levels of gene expression were assessed using generalized linear models. RESULTS Total ST was significantly associated with triglycerides (B = 1.814), insulin (B = 2.117), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (B = 0.071), and E-selectin (B = 2.052). Leptin (B = 0.086), E-selectin (B = 1.623), and P-selectin (B = 2.519) were significantly associated with prolonged sedentary bouts, whereas leptin (B = -0.017) and CRP (B = -0.016) were associated with sedentary breaks. After adjustment for moderate to vigorous physical activity, the associations between triglycerides (B = 2.048) and total ST, and between CRP (B = -0.016) and sedentary breaks, remained significant. E-selectin mRNA levels (B = 0.0002) were positively associated with ST with or without adjustment for moderate to vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Total ST and prolonged sedentary bouts were positively associated with several cardiometabolic biomarkers, with interruptions in ST potentially contributing to reduced cardiometabolic risk in physically active young male adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Feng Hua Sun
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Sinead Sheridan
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Yalan Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
| | - Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
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Cifre M, Palou A, Oliver P. Impaired CPT1A Gene Expression Response to Retinoic Acid Treatment in Human PBMC as Predictor of Metabolic Risk. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2269. [PMID: 32751185 PMCID: PMC7468959 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) systems offer the possibility to test transcriptomic effects of food bioactive compounds with potential health effects. We investigated all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) effect on mRNA expression of key lipid metabolism and inflammatory genes in PBMCs from normal-weight (NW) and overweight-obese (OW-OB) men with different metabolic syndrome-related features. PBMCs were incubated with 10 µM ATRA and mRNA levels of selected genes were analyzed using real-time RT-qPCR. Human ex vivo PBMCs responded to ATRA treatment, but the response for some genes was dependent on body mass index (BMI), with a lower response in PBMC from OW-OB than from NW donors. Moreover, gene expression response was affected by circulating high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. Particularly, the response to ATRA of CPT1A, previously reported as a sensitive metabolic risk predictive biomarker, was dependent on HDL levels and not on BMI, being impaired in those individuals with lower HDL levels, specifically in OW-OB. Thus, PBMCs' insensitivity to ATRA, which can be considered as indicative of impaired metabolism, was observed in individuals with higher metabolic risk (OW-OB with low HDL levels). In conclusion, an ex vivo human PBMC system indicates that ATRA response could be influenced by metabolic syndrome features. Moreover, our study reinforces the role of CPT1A as a marker of metabolic risk and points to plasmatic HDL-cholesterol levels as a parameter to take into consideration when the effects of nutritional factors and/or dietary interventions on humans are under study. Further studies including women are required to detect potential gender differences in the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Cifre
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.C.); (P.O.)
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.C.); (P.O.)
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Paula Oliver
- Nutrigenomics and Obesity Group, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.C.); (P.O.)
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07010 Palma, Spain
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Ribot J, Arreguín A, Kuda O, Kopecky J, Palou A, Bonet ML. Novel Markers of the Metabolic Impact of Exogenous Retinoic Acid with A Focus on Acylcarnitines and Amino Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3640. [PMID: 31349613 PMCID: PMC6696161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the carboxylic form of vitamin A, lowers body weight in rodents by promoting oxidative metabolism in multiple tissues including white and brown adipose tissues. We aimed to identify novel markers of the metabolic impact of ATRA through targeted blood metabolomics analyses, with a focus on acylcarnitines and amino acids. Blood was obtained from mice treated with a high ATRA dose (50 mg/kg body weight/day, subcutaneous injection) or placebo (controls) during the 4 days preceding collection. LC-MS/MS analyses with a focus on acylcarnitines and amino acids were conducted on plasma and PBMC. Main results showed that, relative to controls, ATRA-treated mice had in plasma: increased levels of carnitine, acetylcarnitine, and longer acylcarnitine species; decreased levels of citrulline, and increased global arginine bioavailability ratio for nitric oxide synthesis; increased levels of creatine, taurine and docosahexaenoic acid; and a decreased n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio. While some of these features likely reflect the stimulation of lipid mobilization and oxidation promoted by ATRA treatment systemically, other may also play a causal role underlying ATRA actions. The results connect ATRA to specific nutrition-modulated biochemical pathways, and suggest novel mechanisms of action of vitamin A-derived retinoic acid on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Ribot
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Andrea Arreguín
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ondrej Kuda
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Andreu Palou
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Bonet
- Grup de Recerca Nutrigenòmica i Obesitat, Laboratori de Biologia Molecular, Nutrició i Biotecnologia (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Lai X, Wu X, Hou N, Liu S, Li Q, Yang T, Miao J, Dong Z, Chen J, Li T. Vitamin A Deficiency Induces Autistic-Like Behaviors in Rats by Regulating the RARβ-CD38-Oxytocin Axis in the Hypothalamus. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62. [PMID: 29266770 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lai
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Nali Hou
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Shu Liu
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Qing Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Ting Yang
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Jingkun Miao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
- Certer for Clinical Molecular Medicine; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Jie Chen
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Children's Nutrition Research Center; Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders; Chongqing China
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Olson KC, Kulling PM, Olson TL, Tan SF, Rainbow RJ, Feith DJ, Loughran TP. Vitamin D decreases STAT phosphorylation and inflammatory cytokine output in T-LGL leukemia. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 18:290-303. [PMID: 27715403 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1235669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Large granular lymphocyte leukemia (LGLL) is a rare incurable chronic disease typically characterized by clonal expansion of CD3+ cytotoxic T-cells. Two signal transducer and activator of transcription factors, STAT1 and STAT3, are constitutively active in T-LGLL. Disruption of this activation induces apoptosis in T-LGLL cells. Therefore, considerable efforts are focused on developing treatments that inhibit STAT activation. Calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, has been shown to decrease STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in cancer cell lines and autoimmune disease mouse models. Thus, we investigated whether calcitriol could be a valid therapeutic for T-LGLL. Calcitriol treatment of the TL-1 cell line (model of T-LGLL) led to decreased phospho-Y701 STAT1 and phospho-Y705 STAT3 and increased vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels. Doses of 10 and 100 nM calcitriol also significantly decreased the inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ in the TL-1 cell line. The overall cell viability did not change when the TL-1 cell line was treated with 0.1 to 1000 nM calcitriol. Studies with primary T-LGLL patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed that the majority of T-LGLL patients have detectable VDR and activated STATs in contrast to normal donor controls. Treatment of primary T-LGLL patient cells with calcitriol recapitulated findings from the TL-1 cell line. Overall, our results suggest that calcitriol may reprogram T-cells to decrease essential STAT activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine output. These data support further investigation into calcitriol as an experimental therapeutic for T-LGLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine C Olson
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Paige M Kulling
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,c Department of Pathology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Thomas L Olson
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Rebecca J Rainbow
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - David J Feith
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- a University of Virginia Cancer Center , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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Bhagyaraj E, Nanduri R, Saini A, Dkhar HK, Ahuja N, Chandra V, Mahajan S, Kalra R, Tiwari D, Sharma C, Janmeja AK, Gupta P. Human Xenobiotic Nuclear Receptor PXR Augments Mycobacterium tuberculosis Survival. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:244-55. [PMID: 27233963 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can evade host defense processes, thereby ensuring its survival and pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of nuclear receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR), in M. tuberculosis infection in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study, we demonstrate that PXR augments M. tuberculosis survival inside the host macrophages by promoting the foamy macrophage formation and abrogating phagolysosomal fusion, inflammation, and apoptosis. Additionally, M. tuberculosis cell wall lipids, particularly mycolic acids, crosstalk with human PXR (hPXR) by interacting with its promiscuous ligand binding domain. To confirm our in vitro findings and to avoid the reported species barrier in PXR function, we adopted an in vivo mouse model expressing hPXR, wherein expression of hPXR in mice promotes M. tuberculosis survival. Therefore, pharmacological intervention and designing antagonists to hPXR may prove to be a promising adjunct therapy for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Bhagyaraj
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Ankita Saini
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Hedwin Kitdorlang Dkhar
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Nancy Ahuja
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Vemika Chandra
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Sahil Mahajan
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Rashi Kalra
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Drishti Tiwari
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | - Charu Sharma
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
| | | | - Pawan Gupta
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh 160036, India; and
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Hu X, Gao J, Liao Y, Tang S, Lu F. Retinoic acid alters the proliferation and survival of the epithelium and mesenchyme and suppresses Wnt/β-catenin signaling in developing cleft palate. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e898. [PMID: 24176856 PMCID: PMC3920929 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) contributes to cleft palate; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the deleterious effects on the developing palate are unclear. Wnt signaling is a candidate pathway in the cleft palate and is associated with RA in organ development; thus, we aim to investigate whether RA-induced cleft palate also results from altered Wnt signaling. Administration of RA to mice altered cell proliferation and apoptosis in craniofacial tissues by regulating molecules controlling cell cycle and p38 MAPK signaling, respectively. This altered cell fate by RA is a crucial mechanism contributing to 100% incidence of cleft palate. Moreover, Wnt/β-catenin signaling was completely inhibited by RA in the early developing palate via its binding and activation with RA receptor (RAR) and is responsible for RA-induced cleft palate. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt signaling was also involved in actions of RA. Our findings help in elucidating the mechanisms of RA-induced cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Hu
- 1] Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou 510220, People's Republic of China [2] Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nan Fang Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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Bitarafan S, Harirchian MH, Sahraian MA, Keramatipour M, Beladi Moghadam N, Togha M, Nafissi S, Siassi F, Eshraghian MR, Mohammadzadeh Honarvar N, Ansar H, Talebi S, Saboor-Yarghi AA. Impact of vitamin A supplementation on RAR gene expression in multiple sclerosis patients. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 51:478-84. [PMID: 23955709 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin A and its derivatives have been shown to modulate the immune system via retinoic acid receptor (RAR). This study explored the impact of retinyl palmitate supplementation on RAR subtype gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The study designed as a double-blind randomized clinical trial in which relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients were evaluated. Both groups received one capsule 50,000 IU vitamin D3 per 2 weeks and one intramuscular injection interferon beta-1a per week. The intervention group received one 25,000 IU retinyl palmitate capsule daily for 6 months and the placebo group received one placebo capsule daily. The PBMCs were isolated from participants and the expression level changes of RAR-α and RAR-γ genes were determined by real-time PCR. After supplementation, in the intervention group, the RAR-α gene expression level was significantly decreased compared to the placebo group (p = 0.03); however, the expression of RAR-γ gene did not significantly change (p = 0.10). These results show that vitamin A supplementation can significantly downregulate the expression of RAR-α gene in PBMCs of MS patients that suggest the presence of in vivo regulatory mechanisms for the action of vitamin A on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Bitarafan
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cosco D, Molinaro R, Morittu V, Cilurzo F, Costa N, Fresta M. Anticancer activity of 9-cis-retinoic acid encapsulated in PEG-coated PLGA-nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(11)50064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Minet-Quinard R, Farges MC, Thivat E, Deleine C, Mayot G, Brtko J, Ribalta J, Winklhofer-Roob B, Rock E, Vasson MP. Neutrophils are immune cells preferentially targeted by retinoic acid in elderly subjects. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2010; 7:10. [PMID: 20727130 PMCID: PMC2940875 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-7-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The immune system gradually deteriorates with age and nutritional status is a major factor in immunosenescence. Of the many nutritional factors implicated in age-related immune dysfunction, vitamin A may be a good candidate, since vitamin A concentrations classically decrease during aging whereas it may possess important immunomodulatory properties via its active metabolites, the retinoic acids. This prompted us to investigate the immune response induced by retinoids in adults and elderly healthy subjects. Before and after oral supplementation with 13cis retinoic acid (0.5 mg/kg/day during 28 days), whole blood cells were phenotyped, and functions of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) were investigated by flow cytometry and ELISA tests. Results In both young adults (n = 20, 25 ± 4 years) and older subjects (n = 20, 65 ± 4 years), retinoic acid supplementation had no effect on the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations or on the functions of PBMC (Il-2 and sIl-2R production, membrane expression of CD25). Concerning PMN, retinoic acid induced an increase in both spontaneous migration and cell surface expression of CD11b in the two different age populations, whereas bactericidal activity and phagocytosis remained unchanged. Conclusions We demonstrated that retinoic acid induces the same intensity of immune response between adult and older subjects, and more specifically affects PMN functions, i.e. adhesion and migration, than PBMC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Régine Minet-Quinard
- Clermont University, Université d'Auvergne, EA4233, LB2MN, CRNH-A, BP10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Bitto A, Polito F, Atteritano M, Altavilla D, Mazzaferro S, Marini H, Adamo EB, D'Anna R, Granese R, Corrado F, Russo S, Minutoli L, Squadrito F. Genistein aglycone does not affect thyroid function: results from a three-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:3067-72. [PMID: 20357174 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Genistein aglycone positively affects postmenopausal symptoms. However, questions about its long-term safety on the thyroid gland still remain. DESIGN The parent study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 389 osteopenic, postmenopausal women for 24 months. A subcohort (138 patients) continued therapy for an additional year. SETTING Patients received ambulatory care. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS Participants received 54 mg of genistein aglycone daily (n = 71) or placebo (n = 67), plus calcium and vitamin D(3) at therapeutic doses. Circulating thyroid hormones (TSH, free T(3), free T(4)) and autoantibodies (thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, and thyroid microsomal antigen) were assessed in 40 genistein and 37 placebo subjects who completed 3 yr. Thyroid hormone receptor (THRalpha and THRbeta) and retinoid receptor (RARalpha, RARgamma, and RXRalpha) expression from peripheral blood monocytes was also evaluated at baseline, 12, 24, and 36 months in all 3-yr completers. RESULTS Genistein administration over 3 yr did not affect serum thyroid hormones or autoantibodies. In addition, there were no differences in THRalpha, THRbeta, RARalpha, RARgamma, or RXRalpha mRNA expression between groups. CONCLUSION These data suggest that genistein aglycone intake does not significantly increase the risk of clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism at the dose of 54 mg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Singh ATK, Evens AM, Anderson RJ, Beckstead JA, Sankar N, Sassano A, Bhalla S, Yang S, Platanias LC, Forte TM, Ryan RO, Gordon LI. All trans retinoic acid nanodisks enhance retinoic acid receptor mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2010; 150:158-69. [PMID: 20507312 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08209.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32), aggressive clinical behaviour, and poor patient outcomes following conventional chemotherapy. New treatment approaches are needed that target novel biological pathways. All trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a key retinoid that acts through nuclear receptors that function as ligand-inducible transcription factors. The present study evaluated cell killing effects of ATRA-enriched nanoscale delivery particles, termed nanodisks (ND), on MCL cell lines. Results show that ATRA-ND induced cell death more effectively than naked ATRA (dimethyl sulphoxide) or empty ND. ATRA-ND induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to a greater extent than naked ATRA. The antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, inhibited ATRA-ND induced apoptosis. Compared to naked ATRA, ATRA-ND enhanced G1 growth arrest, up-regulated p21and p27, and down regulated cyclin D1. At ATRA concentrations that induced apoptosis, expression levels of retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha) and retinoid X receptor-gamma (RXRgamma) were increased. Compared to naked ATRA, ATRA-ND significantly stimulated transcriptional activity of RARA in a model carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the RAR antagonist, Ro 41-5253, inhibited ATRA-ND induced ROS generation and prevented ATRA-ND induced cell growth arrest and apoptosis. In summary, incorporation of ATRA into ND enhanced the biological activity of this retinoid in cell culture models of MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amareshwar T K Singh
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Bairras C, Redonnet A, Dabadie H, Gin H, Atgie C, Pallet V, Higueret P, Noël-Suberville C. RARgamma and TRbeta expressions are decreased in PBMC and SWAT of obese subjects in weight gain. J Physiol Biochem 2010; 66:29-37. [PMID: 20387030 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-010-0006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the expression of nuclear receptors at the peripheral level in obese subjects, messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of different isoforms of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), triiodothyronine (TR), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) were determined and compared in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT). Twelve lean subjects and 68 obese subjects divided into weight gain (WG), weight-stable (WS), and weight loss (WL) groups were studied. Nuclear receptor mRNA levels were assessed in PBMC and SWAT using a quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. mRNA levels of RARgamma were significantly lower in PBMC of obese subjects (WG -19%, WS -30%, and WL -24.7%) as in SWAT of WG (-50%). Lower mRNA levels of TRbeta were observed in PBMC and SWAT of WG (-50.7% and -28%, respectively) just as for TRalpha in PBMC of WG (-19%). In contrast, retinoid X receptors alpha (RXRalpha) and RARalpha mRNA levels were higher in PBMC of obese subjects (+53% and +54.5% in WG, +56% and +67% in WS, and +68% and +49.7% in WL, respectively), while expression of RXRalpha was lower in SWAT of WG (-24.5%). As for PPARgamma, its mRNA level was significantly higher in PBMC of WG subjects (+34%) while its expression was not modified in SWAT, contrary to the PPARgamma2 isoform which was significantly higher. These data show that in both adipose tissue and blood compartment of obese subjects, expressions of RARgamma and TRbeta were downregulated. Thus, we suggest that the expression in PBMC of obese subjects may constitute new cellular indicators of nuclear receptor retinoid and thyroid status.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bairras
- Unité de Nutrition et Neurosciences (U2N), Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence, France
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Siest G, Jeannesson E, Marteau JB, Samara A, Marie B, Pfister M, Visvikis-Siest S. Transcription Factor and Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Gene Expression in Lymphocytes from Healthy Human Subjects. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 36:182-9. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.107.017228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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15
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Wei D, Yang Y, Wang W. The Expression of Retinoic Acid Receptors in Lymph Nodes of Young Children and the Effect of All-trans-Retinoic Acid on the B Cells from Lymph Nodes. J Clin Immunol 2007; 27:88-94. [PMID: 17216566 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-006-9059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism of vitamin A enhancing the production of antibody, we examined the expression and distribution of retinoic acid receptors mRNA in lymph nodes of young children ( < or = 5 years of age), and investigated the affection of all-trans-retinoic acid on the maturation and activation of the B cells isolated from the lymph nodes and cultured in vitro. Twenty-four normal lymph nodes were collected. By in situ hybridization, we found that all six retinoic acid receptor genes expressed and distributed widely in the lymph nodes, and the levels of mRNA for retinoic acid receptor genes (detected by RT-fluorescent quantitative PCR) were increased with the development of children. In vitro culture, all-trans retinoic acid promoted the maturation and activation of the B cells from the lymph nodes. Thus, promotion on B cells in lymph node may be the important mechanism of vitamin A reinforcing the humoral immunity in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wei
- Children's Hospital, Pediatrics Department of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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16
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Li A, He M, Wang H, Qiao B, Chen P, Gu H, Zhang M, He S. All-trans retinoic acid negatively regulates cytotoxic activities of nature killer cell line 92. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 352:42-7. [PMID: 17107666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.10.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are key components of innate immune systems and their activities are regulated by cytokines and hormones. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), as a metabolite of vitamin A and an immunomodulatory hormone, plays an important role in regulating immune responses. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ATRA on human NK cell line NK92. We found that ATRA dose-dependently suppressed cytotoxic activities of NK92 cells without affecting their proliferation. To explore the mechanisms underlying the ATRA influence on NK92 cells, we examined the production of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma), gene expression of cytotoxic-associated molecules (perforin, granzyme B, nature killer receptors (NCRs), and NKG2D), and the activation of NF-kappaB pathways related with immune response. Our results demonstrated that ATRA suppressed NF-kappaB activity and prevented IkappaBalpha degradation in a dose-dependent way, inhibited IFN-gamma production and gene expression of granzyme B and NKp46. Our findings suggest that ATRA is a negative regulator of NK92 cell activation and may act as a potential regulator of anti-inflammatory functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- School of life science, Tongji university, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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Posttranscriptional modulation of the human tissue–nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in MG-63 osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells. Nutr Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Morikawa K, Nonaka M. All-trans-retinoic acid accelerates the differentiation of human B lymphocytes maturing into plasma cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2005; 5:1830-8. [PMID: 16275619 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Revised: 05/20/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidences suggesting the important role of vitamin A for the optimal maintenance and functioning of immune system. It is now well established that retinoic acid (RA), a product of oxidative metabolism of vitamin A, is the most active vitamin A derivative physiologically. In this study, we examined the role of RA in B cell maturation in T cell-dependent activation pathway. RA enhanced the immunoglobulin synthesis by tonsillar B cells in anti-CD40 plus IL-10-mediated culture system. When the kinetics of B cells with different phenotypic characteristics were monitored during 9 days culture period by flow cytometric analysis, it displayed the increase of the B cells with plasma cell phenotype (CD38+/CD20-/IgD-) in the presence of RA. As resting B cells from tonsil expressed mRNA of the RA receptors alpha, beta, gamma and RXRalpha by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, it is certain that RA effect is mediated by RA receptors. Taken together, this study showed that retinoic acid could accelerate the differentiation of B cells maturing into antibody producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Morikawa
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8533, Japan.
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Orimo H, Shimada T. Regulation of the human tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase gene expression by all-trans-retinoic acid in SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cell line. Bone 2005; 36:866-76. [PMID: 15814302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2004] [Revised: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 02/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
While tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) is a well-known indicator of bone formation and all-trans-retinoic acid a key regulator of that process, the relationship between TNSALP and retinoic acid has not yet been clearly described. The aim of the present study was therefore to clarify the mechanism by which retinoic acid modulates expression of TNSALP. After culturing SaOS-2 human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cells in the presence or absence of 10(-6) M all-trans-retinoic acid, real-time RT-PCR confirmed that retinoic acid up-regulates expression of TNSALP mRNA. Notably, this time-dependent induction of TNSALP expression was accompanied by a corresponding increase in detected catalytic activity of the enzyme. When we then isolated the 5'-upstream region of the human TNSALP gene and carried out luciferase assays with a set of deletion mutants, we found that the promoter region contains a retinoic acid response element-like motif. Moreover, electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that the nuclear extract bound to the motif. It thus appears that retinoic acid regulates the expression of human TNSALP via a retinoic acid response element in the genes promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Orimo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
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