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Settakorn K, Hantrakool S, Petiwathayakorn T, Hutachok N, Tantiworawit A, Charoenkwan P, Chalortham N, Chompupoung A, Paradee N, Koonyosying P, Srichairatanakool S. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of oral green tea epigallocatechin 3-gallate on erythropoiesis and oxidative stress in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1248742. [PMID: 38328786 PMCID: PMC10848917 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1248742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
β-Thalassemia patients suffer from ineffective erythropoiesis and increased red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis. Blood transfusion, erythropoietic enhancement, and antioxidant supplementation can ameliorate chronic anemia. Green tea extract (GTE) is comprised of catechin derivatives, of which epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant, presenting free-radical scavenging, iron-chelating, and erythropoiesis-protective effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of GTE tablets on the primary outcome of erythropoiesis and oxidative stress parameters in transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) patients. Twenty-seven TDT patients were randomly divided into placebo and GTE tablet (50 and 100 mg EGCG equivalent) groups and assigned to consume the product once daily for 60 days. Blood was collected for analysis of hematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters. Accordingly, consumption of GTE tablets improved blood hemoglobin levels when compared with the placebo; however, there were more responders to the GTE tablets. Interestingly, amounts of nonheme iron in RBC membranes tended to decrease in both GTE tablet groups when compared with the placebo. Importantly, consumption of GTE tablets lowered plasma levels of erythroferrone (p < 0.05) and reduced bilirubin non-significantly and dose-independently. Thus, GTE tablets could improve RBC hemolysis and modulate erythropoiesis regulators in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornvipa Settakorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasinee Hantrakool
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Thalassemia and Hematology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Nuntouchaporn Hutachok
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Adisak Tantiworawit
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Thalassemia and Hematology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pimlak Charoenkwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nopphadol Chalortham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Narisara Paradee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pimpisid Koonyosying
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Ferreira PMP, Sousa IJO, Machado KN, da Silva Neto LA, de Freitas MM, Dos Santos IL, do Nascimento Rodrigues DC, de Sousa RWR, Dos Reis AC, do Nascimento MLLB, de Menezes AAPM, do Nascimento AM, de Oliveira Ferreira JR, Peron AP, de Castro E Sousa JM. Antimitotic and toxicogenetic action of Stevia urticifolia aerial parts on proliferating vegetal and mammalian cells: in vitro and in vivo traditional and replacement methods. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:750-766. [PMID: 35698798 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2081640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Stevia urticifolia Thunb. is an underexploited herb possessing bioactive flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. The aim of this study was to examine the antiproliferative and toxicogenetic properties of the ethyl acetate extract from Stevia urticifolia aerial parts (EtAcSur) upon Artemia salina, erythrocytes, Allium cepa and sarcoma 180 cells and fibroblasts, as well as in vivo studies on mice to determine systemic, macroscopic, and behavioral alterations and bone marrow chromosomal damage. The assessment using A. salina larvae and mouse blood cells revealed LC50 and EC50 values of 68.9 and 113.6 µg/ml, respectively. Root growth and mitosis were inhibited by EtAcSur, and chromosomal aberrations were detected only at 100 μg/ml. EtAcSur exhibited potent concentration-dependent viability reduction of S180 and L-929 cells and antioxidant capacity employing ABTS• and DPPH•. No previous in vivo studies were performed before with the EtAcSur. Signals of acute toxicity were not observed at 300 mg/kg. Physiological and toxicological investigations at 25 and 50 mg/mg/day i.p. for 8 days did not markedly change body or organ relative weights, nor patterns of spontaneous locomotor and exploratory activities. In contrast, clastogenic effects on bone marrow were found at 50 mg/mg/day. EtAcSur was found to (1) produce toxicity in microcrustaceans, (2) capacity as free radical scavenger, (3) antimitotic, cytotoxic and clastogenic activties upon vegetal and mammalian cells, and (4) lethality on both tumor and normal murine cells indistinctly. In vivo damage systemic effects were not remarkable and clinical signals of toxicity were not observed, suggesting the significant pharmacological potential of S. urticifolia for the development of antineoplastic agents.Abbreviations: ABTS: 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid); DMSO: dimethylsulfoxide; DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; EC50: effective concentration 50%; EtAcSur: ethyl acetate extract from Stevia urticifolia aerial parts; Hb, hemoglobin; IC50: inhibitory concentration 50%; LC50,: lethal concentration 50%; MI: mitotic index; RBC, red blood cells; Trolox: 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ian Jhemes Oliveira Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Nunes Machado
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Leonel Antônio da Silva Neto
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Milena Monteiro de Freitas
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ingredy Lopes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Débora Caroline do Nascimento Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Rayran Walter Ramos de Sousa
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology (LabCancer), Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics (LapGenic), Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa Lima Barreto do Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics (LapGenic), Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics (LapGenic), Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Andréa Mendes do Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Peron
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Campo Mourão, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics (LapGenic), Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Brazil
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Sonfack CS, Nguelefack-Mbuyo EP, Kojom JJ, Lappa EL, Peyembouo FP, Fofié CK, Nolé T, Nguelefack TB, Dongmo AB. The Aqueous Extract from the Stem Bark of Garcinia lucida Vesque (Clusiaceae) Exhibits Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Effects in Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5581041. [PMID: 33790975 PMCID: PMC7984895 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5581041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem with high morbidity and mortality, mainly attributable to cardiovascular risk. Garcinia lucida is traditionally used in Cameroon for the management of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of the aqueous extract from the stem bark of G. lucida (AEGL). The in vitro antioxidant effect of AEGL was assessed at concentrations ranging 1-300 μg/mL against DPPH, lipid peroxidation, and AAPH-induced hemolysis. The reducing power and phenolic and flavonoids contents were also determined. CKD was induced by intraperitoneal bolus injection of adenine (50 mg/kg/day) for 4 consecutive weeks to male Wistar rats. AEGL (150 and 300 mg/kg/day) or captopril (20 mg/kg/day) was concomitantly administered with adenine per os. Bodyweight and blood pressure were monitored at baseline and weekly during the test. At the end of the experiment, plasma creatinine, urea, AST, and ALT were quantified. Proteinuria, creatinine excretion, and creatinine clearance were also assessed. The effect on GSH, CAT, and SOD activity was evaluated in cardiac and renal homogenates. Sections of the heart and kidney were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. AEGL exhibited a potent in vitro antioxidant activity and was shown to possess a large amount of phenolic compounds. Adenine alone increased blood pressure, cardiac and kidney mass, proteinuria, protein to creatinine ratio, plasma creatinine, AST, and urea levels (p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001). Besides, the bodyweight and creatinine clearance were significantly reduced (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). All these alterations were blunted by the plant extract, except the bodyweight loss. In addition, AEGL improved GSH levels and CAT and SOD activities. AEGL attenuated adenine-induced glomerular necrosis, tubular dilatation, and cardiac inflammation. AEGL exhibits cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects that may be ascribed to its antihypertensive and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Stéphanie Sonfack
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Elvine Pami Nguelefack-Mbuyo
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jacquy Joyce Kojom
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Edwige Laure Lappa
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Fernande Petingmve Peyembouo
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Christian Kuété Fofié
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Tsabang Nolé
- Higher Institute of Environment Sciences, P.O. Box 16317, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Télesphore Benoît Nguelefack
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Alain Bertrand Dongmo
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P.O. Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon
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Devaraj RD, Jeepipalli SP, Xu B. Phytochemistry and health promoting effects of Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - A critical review. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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5
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Narukawa M, Misaka T. Tas2r125 functions as the main receptor for detecting bitterness of tea catechins in the oral cavity of mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2301-2305. [PMID: 29964016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We attempted to identify mouse bitter taste receptors, Tas2rs, that respond to tea catechins. Among representative tea catechins, avoidance behavior of mice to (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECg) was the strongest, followed by (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg). Therefore, we measured ECg response using Tas2rs-expressing cells. Among the 35 members of Tas2r family, Tas2r108, 110, 113, 125, and 144 responded to ECg. Among these receptors, Tas2r113 and 125 also responded to EGCg. Because the response profiles of Tas2r125 were consistent with the results of the behavior assays, it was considered that Tas2r125 functions as the main receptor for detecting bitterness of tea catechins in the oral cavity. To determine the involvement of Tas2rs in the physiological action of catechins, mRNA expression of 5 Tas2rs was investigated in various tissues. Because mRNA expression of Tas2r108 was observed in some tissues including the gastrointestinal tract, it may be envisaged that Tas2r108 plays a part in exerting the physiological action of ECg. Tas2r125 expression was not observed in any of the tested tissues except the circumvallate papillae. Therefore, Tas2r125 was considered to mainly function in the events of catechin reception in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Narukawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takumi Misaka
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Abstract
The functions of food have three categories: nutrition, palatability, and bioregulation. As the onset of lifestyle-related diseases has increased, many people have shown interest in functional foods that are beneficial to bioregulation. We believe that functional foods should be highly palatable for increased acceptance from consumers. In order to design functional foods with a high palatability, we have investigated about the palatability, especially in relation to the taste of food. In this review, we discuss (1) the identification of taste receptors that respond to functional food components; (2) an analysis of the peripheral taste transduction system; and (3) the investigation of the relationship between physiological functions and taste signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Narukawa
- a Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
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7
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Ait Chaban O, Ait Saada D, Mohamed Al A, Selselet-A G, Bouderoua K, Eddine Kat D, Durand N. In vitro Study of the Antimicrobial Effects of Phenolic Extract of the Salvadora persica (Miswak) on the Growth of Certain Microorganisms Responsible for Oral Infections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2017.58.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Santos JS, Deolindo CTP, Esmerino LA, Genovese MI, Fujita A, Marques MB, Rosso ND, Daguer H, Valese AC, Granato D. Effects of time and extraction temperature on phenolic composition and functional properties of red rooibos (Aspalathus linearis). Food Res Int 2016; 89:476-487. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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9
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Meireles DR, Fernandes HM, Rolim TL, Batista TM, Mangueira VM, Sousa TKD, Pita JC, Xavier AL, Beltrão DM, Tavares JF, Silva MS, Medeiros KK, Sobral MV. Toxicity and antitumor efficacy of Croton polyandrus oil against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen M, Zhu Y, Liu B, Chen Z, Zheng J, Guan M, Shi H, Wang Y, Yang W. Changes in the volatiles, chemical components, and antioxidant activities of Chinese jasmine tea during the scenting processes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1177542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meichun Chen
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yujing Zhu
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Agricultural Bio-Resources Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | | | | | - Huai Shi
- Fuzhou Agricultural Bureau, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanna Wang
- Fuzhou Agricultural Bureau, Fuzhou, China
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Nono RN, Nguelefack-Mbuyo EP, Nzowa LK, Ponou BK, Teponno RB, Nguelefack TB, Barboni L, Tapondjou LA, Park HJ. Antioxidant C-glycosylflavones of Drymaria cordata (Linn.) Willd. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 39:43-50. [PMID: 26642770 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0691-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new C-glycosylflavone, drymaritin E (6-C-(3-keto-β-digitoxopyranosyl)-4'-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-7-methoxyl-5,4'-dihydroxylflavone) 1 was isolated from the oily upper phase (SU) of the MeOH extract from aerial parts of Drymaria cordata together with two known compounds (cassiaoccidentalin A 2 and anemonin 3) and an inseparable mixture of two known C-glycosylflavones 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone-6-C-(2''-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 4a and 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone-6-C-(2''-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 4b. The alkaline hydrolysis of 3 led to a new hemisynthetic derivative, sodium anemonate (sodium 2-((1'E) 2'-sodium-carboxylate-vinyl)-5-oxo-cyclohex-1-ene carboxylate) 3a. The chemical structures were determined by spectroscopic methods ((1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HMBC, HSQC, and NOESY) and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). C-glycosylflavones had significant free radical-scavenging activities on the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). However, SU and compounds 3 and 3a exhibited no activity. In particular, compound 1 exhibited a concentration-dependent radical scavenging activity on DPPH with EC50 of 31.43 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond N Nono
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Elvine P Nguelefack-Mbuyo
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Laurence K Nzowa
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Beaudelaire K Ponou
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Rémy B Teponno
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Télesphore B Nguelefack
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Luciano Barboni
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Léon A Tapondjou
- Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Hee-Juhn Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sandji University, Wonju, 220-702, Republic of Korea.
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Özer CO, Kiliç B. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid enrichment on the quality characteristics of Turkish dry fermented sausage. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2015; 52:2093-102. [PMID: 25829589 PMCID: PMC4375218 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) enrichment on lipid oxidation, the fatty acid profile, physico-chemical, sensory and microbiological features of sucuk were investigated. The control sucuk did not contain CLA, however, other groups contained 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 %, 2 %, 2.5 %, and 3 % CLA, respectively. The results indicated that CLA concentration was increased in sucuk with CLA addition (p < 0.05). CLA concentration decreased (p < 0.05) during the fermentation period, but did not alter during the storage. Lipid oxidation gradually increased with the increasing of storage in all treatments (p < 0.05). However, addition of CLA decreased lipid oxidation compared to control (p < 0.05). With regard to color, higher L* values were observed in 2 % CLA treatment group compared to other treatments during storage (p < 0.05). Moreover, CLA addition resulted in increased a* values in sucuk (p < 0.05). With the addition of CLA, saturated fatty acids in sucuk decreased and poly-unsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids increased (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Okan Özer
- />Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
- />Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Food Engineering, Nevsehir Hacı Bektasi Veli University, 50300 Nevsehir, Turkey
| | - Birol Kiliç
- />Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
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Chen Y, Deng L, Wang W, Xia Q, Zhou X, Wang Y, Hou H, Cai S, Cui G, Chen P, Lu T, Zhang H. Separation and Purification of Gardecin fromGardenia jasminoidesEllis by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1013636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Chen Y, Deng L, Wang W, Xia Q, Zhou X, Wang Y, Hou H, Cai S, Cui G, Chen P, Lu T, Zhang H. Separation and purification of gardecin from Gardenia jasminoidesELLIS by high-speed countercurrent chromatography. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2015.1013198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Lim Y. The Protective Effects of Green Tea Catechin on The Bleomycin and Cyclophosphamide Induced Cytotoxicity. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2014.46.2.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
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16
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Activation of the hTAS2R14 Human Bitter-Taste Receptor by (−)-Epigallocatechin Gallate and (−)-Epicatechin Gallate. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1981-3. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Green tea drinking improves erythrocytes and saliva oxidative status in the elderly. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 832:25-33. [PMID: 25300686 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2014_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that green tea (GT) drinking combined with vitamin E supplementation reduced plasma protein carbonyls and increased erythrocytes catalase activity in exercising healthy elderly. In the present study we set out to investigate the antioxidative effects of GT drinking in an aging population. We performed an interventional, crossover, controlled prospective trial with 35 healthy elderly subjects (mean age 67.3±4.8 years), supplemented with four daily placebo maltodextrin "tea-bags" for 12 weeks, followed by four 1.5 g daily GT bags for another 12 weeks. Data were obtained at baseline, at the end of the placebo period, and at the end of the GT intervention period. We found that GT did not alter erythrocyte catalase activity. However, it provided protection against 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative hemolysis which declined by 10.2% (p<0.001). No changes were observed in saliva oral peroxidase enzymes. Nonetheless, saliva total antioxidant capacity increased by 42.0% (p<0.01). Plasma oxidative products, such as protein carbonyls, lipid peroxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were stable throughout the intervention period. We conclude that four daily cups of GT are well tolerated in elderly free living subjects. Our results demonstrate that both erythrocyte resistances to oxidation and saliva antioxidant capacity are improved by GT drinking. The clinical implications of these oxidation modifications require further research.
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibition and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum grown on germinated brown rice. Molecules 2013; 18:6663-78. [PMID: 23749158 PMCID: PMC6269759 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the acetylcholinesterase inhibition and in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of Ganoderma lucidum grown on germinated brown rice (GLBR) were evaluated. In antioxidant assays in vitro, GLBR was found to have strong metal chelating activity, DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity. Cell-based antioxidant methods were used, including lipid peroxidation on brain homogenate and AAPH-induced erythrocyte haemolysis. In antioxidant assays in vivo, mice were administered with GLBR and this significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the mice sera, livers and brains. The amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 43.14 mg GAE/g and 13.36 mg CE/g dry mass, respectively. GLBR also exhibited acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. In addition, HPLC analyses of GLBR extract revealed the presence of different phenolic compounds. These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of GLBR extract as valuable source of antioxidants which exhibit interesting acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.
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Karou SD, Tchacondo T, Tchibozo MAD, Anani K, Ouattara L, Simpore J, de Souza C. Screening Togolese medicinal plants for few pharmacological properties. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 4:116-22. [PMID: 22518084 PMCID: PMC3326758 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.94737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Terminalia macroptera Guill. et Perr. (Combretaceae), Sida alba L. (Malvaceae), Prosopis africana Guill et Perr. Taub. (Mimosaceae), Bridelia ferruginea Benth. (Euphorbiaceae), and Vetiveria nigritana Stapf. (Asteraceae) are traditionally used in Togolese folk medicine to treat several diseases including microbial infections. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolytic properties of the crude extracts of the above-mentioned plants. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial and the antioxidant activities were assayed using the NCCLS microdilution method and the DPPH free radical scavenging, respectively. Human A+ red blood cells were used to perform the hemolytic assay. Phenolics were further quantified in the extracts using spectrophotometric methods. Results: Minimal inhibitory concentrations in the range of 230-1800 μg/ml were recorded in the NCCLS broth microdilution for both bacterial and fungal strains with methanol extracts. The DPPH radical scavenging assay yielded interesting antioxidant activities of the extracts of P. africana and T. macroptera (IC50 values of 0.003 ± 0.00 μg/ml and 0.05 ± 0.03 μg/ml, respectively). These activities were positively correlated with the total phenolic contents and negatively correlated with the proanthocyanidin content of the extracts. The hemolytic assay revealed that great hemolysis occurred with the methanol extracts of T. macroptera, S. longepedunculata, and B. ferruginea. Conclusion: These results support in part the use of the selected plants in the treatment of microbial infections. In addition, the plant showed an interesting antioxidant activity that could be useful in the management of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simplice D Karou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur les Plantes Médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo
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Exogenous glutathione is essential in the testing of antioxidant capacity using radical-induced haemolysis. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2012; 65:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ouédraogo M, Charles C, Ouédraogo M, Guissou IP, Stévigny C, Duez P. An Overview of Cancer Chemopreventive Potential and Safety of Proanthocyanidins. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:1163-73. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.607549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wen KC, Chiu HH, Fan PC, Chen CW, Wu SM, Chang JH, Chiang HM. Antioxidant activity of Ixora parviflora in a cell/cell-free system and in UV-exposed human fibroblasts. Molecules 2011; 16:5735-52. [PMID: 21734630 PMCID: PMC6264183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols and flavonoids possess a variety of biological activities including antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. Ixora parviflora is a member of the flavonoid-rich Rubiaceae family of flowering plants and used as folk medicine in India. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of Ixora parviflora extract (IPE) in a cell-free system and erythrocytes, and the ability of IPE to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human fibroblasts (Hs68) after ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Various in vitro antioxidant assays were employed in this study. The extraction yield of IPE was 17.4 ± 3.9%, the total phenolic content of IPE was 26.2 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg leaves dry weight and the total flavonoids content was 54.2 ± 4.4 μg quercetin equvalent (QE)/mg extract. The content of chlorogenic acid was 9.7 ± 1.2 mg/g extract. IPE at 1000 μg/mL exhibited a reducing capacity of 90.5 ± 0.6%, a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of 96.0 ± 0.4%, a ferrous chelating activity of 72.2 ± 3.5%, a hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of 96.8 ± 1.4%, and a hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of 99.5 ± 3.3%. IPE at 500 μg/mL also possessed inhibitory activity against 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced hemolysis of erythrocytes (89.4 ± 1.8%) and resulted in a 52.9% reduction in ROS generation in UV-exposed fibroblasts. According to our findings, IPE is a potent antioxidant and a potential anti-photoaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ching Wen
- Department of Cosmecutics, China Medical University, 404, Taichung, Taiwan
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Narukawa M, Noga C, Ueno Y, Sato T, Misaka T, Watanabe T. Evaluation of the bitterness of green tea catechins by a cell-based assay with the human bitter taste receptor hTAS2R39. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 405:620-5. [PMID: 21272567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Catechins have a broad range of physiological functions and act as the main taste ingredient of green tea. Although catechins show a strong bitterness, the bitter taste receptor for catechins has not been fully understood. The objective of this study was to identify the receptor for the major green tea catechins such as (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECg), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg). By the cell-based assay using cultured cells expressing human bitter taste receptor, a clear response of hTAS2R39-expressing cells was observed to 300μM of either ECg or EGCg, which elicit a strong bitterness in humans. The response of hTAS2R39-expressing cells to ECg was the strongest among the tested catechins, followed by EGCg. Because the cellular response to EC and EGC is much weaker than those of ECg and EGCg, galloyl groups was strongly supposed to be involved in the bitter intensity. This finding is similar to the observations of taste intensity obtained from a human sensory study. Our results suggest the participation of hTAS2R39 in the detection of catechins in humans, indicating the possibility that bitterness of tea catechins can be evaluated by using cells expressing hTAS2R39.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Narukawa
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Shimazawa M, Hara H. Novel Situations of Endothelial Injury in Stroke — Mechanisms of Stroke and Strategy of Drug Development: Protective Effects of Antiplatelet Agents Against Stroke. J Pharmacol Sci 2011; 116:30-5. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.10r26fm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Lee SP, Bae JW, Park KW, Rha SW, Bae JH, Suh JW, Chae IH, Cho MC, Kim HS. Inhibitory Interaction Between Calcium Channel Blocker and Clopidogrel - Efficacy of Cilostazol to Overcome It -. Circ J 2011; 75:2581-2589. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-11-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Pyo Lee
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | - Jang-Whan Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital
| | - Kyung Woo Park
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
| | | | - Jang-Ho Bae
- Division of Cardiology, Konyang University Hospital
| | - Jung-Won Suh
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - In-Ho Chae
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
| | - Myeong-Chan Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital
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Gokulakrishnan A, Ali ARL. Cigarette smoke-induced biochemical perturbations in human erythrocytes and attenuation by epigallocatechin-3-gallate--tea catechin. Pharmacol Rep 2010; 62:891-9. [PMID: 21098872 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) against cigarette smoke (CS) induced alterations in human erythrocyte was studied using an in vitro model. Hemolysis, carboxyhemoglobin, osmotic fragility, hemin, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein thiol, protein carbonyl, glutathione, antioxidant enzymes, membrane bound ATPases and erythrocyte ghost protein were assessed to investigate the effect of EGCG. Erythrocytes were incubated with CS and/or 10 μM EGCG under physiological conditions of temperature and pH for 2 h. CS significantly increased the percentage of hemolysis, carboxyhemoglobin, hemin, LPO and osmotic fragility in human erythrocytes whereas EGCG pretreatment significantly reduced all the above parameters. The levels of protein carbonyls significantly increased whereas the level of protein thiol decreased significantly in erythrocytes incubated with CS. EGCG pretreatment significantly decreased the levels of carbonyls and increased the level of protein thiol. The level of glutathione, antioxidant enzyme and membrane bound ATPases were decreased significantly in erythrocytes incubated with CS. However, EGCG pretreatment significantly increased the activities of GSH, antioxidant enzymes and membrane bound ATPases. CS incubated erythrocytes showed a progressive loss of the cytoskeleton proteins and formation of low molecular weight bands and protein aggregates. EGCG pretreatment of CS incubated erythrocytes showed a near normal protein profile compared to that of control erythrocytes. The present study divulges that EGCG can reduce the abnormalities of cigarette smoking by ameliorating the oxidative stress. This finding raises the possibility that EGCG may provide protection from CS induced toxicity.
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Kim CJ, Kim JM, Lee SR, Jang YH, Kim JH, Chun KJ. Polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate targeting myocardial reperfusion limits infarct size and improves cardiac function. Korean J Anesthesiol 2010; 58:169-75. [PMID: 20498796 PMCID: PMC2872859 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2010.58.2.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This experiment was performed to determine the effect of polyphenolic (-)-epigallocatechin (EGCG), the most abundant catechin of green tea, given at reperfusion period. Methods Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Green tea extract (GT) was perfused with the following concentrations; 0, 0.5, and 1 µM (GT-O, GT-0.5, and GT-1, respectively). In a next experiment, hearts were assigned randomly to one of the following groups; Control, EGCG-1 (1 µM of EGCG), and EGCG-10 (10 µM of EGCG). GT and EGCG were perfused for a period of 5 min before and 30 min after reperfusion. For comparison of cardioprotection among groups, morphometric measurement was performed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staning. Results GT 1 µM (10.3 ± 2.1%, P < 0.05) significantly reduced infarct volume as a percentage of ischemic volume compared to untreated hearts (27.4 ± 1.1%). EGCG 10 µM (13.2 ± 4.0%) significantly reduced myocardial infarction compared to control hearts (27.2 ± 1.4%, P = 0.002). After 2 h of reperfusion, cardiodynamic variables, including left ventricular developed pressure, rate-pressure produce, +dP/dtmax, and -dP/dtmin were significantly improved by 10 µM of EGCG compared to control hearts (P = 0.01, 0.016, 0.009, and 0.019, respectively). Conclusions EGCG treatment at an early reperfusion period reduces myocardial infarction and improves cardiodynamics in isolated rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Jin Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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de Rezende FM, Furlan CM. Anthocyanins and tannins in ozone-fumigated guava trees. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 76:1445-1450. [PMID: 19539346 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Psidium guajava "Paluma", a tropical tree species, is known to be an efficient ozone indicator in tropical countries. When exposed to ozone, this species displays a characteristic leaf injury identified by inter-veinal red stippling on adaxial leaf surfaces. Following 30 days of three ozone treatments consisting of carbon filtered air (CF - AOT40=17 ppb h), ambient non-filtered air (NF - AOT40=542 ppb h) and ambient non-filtered air+40 ppb ozone (NF+O(3) - AOT40=7802 ppb h), the amounts of residual anthocyanins and tannins present in 10 P. guajava ("Paluma") saplings were quantified. Higher amounts of anthocyanins were found in the NF+O(3) treatment (1.6%) when compared to the CF (0.97%) and NF (1.30%) (p<0.05), and of total tannins in the NF+O(3) treatment (0.16%) compared to the CF (0.14%). Condensed tannins showed the same tendency as enhanced amounts. Regression analyses using amounts of tannins and anthocyanins, AOT40 and the leaf injury index (LII), showed a correlation between the leaf injury index and quantities of anthocyanins and total tannins. These results are in accordance with the association between the incidence of red-stippled leaves and ozone polluted environments.
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Silva ECC, Cavalcanti BC, Amorim RCN, Lucena JF, Quadros DS, Tadei WP, Montenegro RC, Costa-Lotufo LV, Pessoa C, Moraes MO, Nunomura RCS, Nunomura SM, Melo MRS, Andrade-Neto VFD, Silva LFR, Vieira PPR, Pohlit AM. Biological activity of neosergeolide and isobrucein B (and two semi-synthetic derivatives) isolated from the Amazonian medicinal plant Picrolemma sprucei (Simaroubaceae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2009; 104:48-56. [PMID: 19274376 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, in vitro techniques were used to investigate a range of biological activities of known natural quassinoids isobrucein B (1) and neosergeolide (2), known semi-synthetic derivative 1,12-diacetylisobrucein B (3), and a new semi-synthetic derivative, 12-acetylneosergeolide (4). These compounds were evaluated for general toxicity toward the brine shrimp species Artemia franciscana, cytotoxicity toward human tumour cells, larvicidal activity toward the dengue fever mosquito vector Aedes aegypti, haemolytic activity in mouse erythrocytes and antimalarial activity against the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the greatest cytotoxicity against all the tumor cells tested (IC50 = 5-27 microg/L) and against multidrug-resistant P. falciparum K1 strain (IC50 = 1.0-4.0 g/L) and 3 was only cytotoxic toward the leukaemia HL-60 strain (IC50 = 11.8 microg/L). Quassinoids 1 and 2 (LC50 = 3.2-4.4 mg/L) displayed greater lethality than derivative 4 (LC50 = 75.0 mg/L) toward A. aegypti larvae, while derivative 3 was inactive. These results suggest a novel application for these natural quassinoids as larvicides. The toxicity toward A. franciscana could be correlated with the activity in several biological models, a finding that is in agreement with the literature. Importantly, none of the studied compounds exhibited in vitro haemolytic activity, suggesting specificity of the observed cytotoxic effects. This study reveals the biological potential of quassinoids 1 and 2 and to a lesser extent their semi-synthetic derivatives for their in vitro antimalarial and cytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C C Silva
- Laboratório de Princípios Ativos da Amazônia, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo 2936, 69060-001Manaus, AM, Brasil
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Yang L, Cao Y, Chen JN, Chen ZY. Oxidative stability of conjugated linolenic acids. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:4212-4217. [PMID: 19368396 DOI: 10.1021/jf900657f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Interest in conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as functional lipids is growing. The present study was (i) to study the oxidative stability of individual CLnA isomers and (ii) to compare the oxidative stabilities of CLnA and CLA with their corresponding nonconjugated counterparts, α-linolenic acid (LN) and linoleic acid (LA). The oxidation was carried out in air at 50 °C and monitored by the gas-liquid chromatography (GC) and the oxygen consumption test. First, it was found that CLnA was most unstable followed by CLA, LN, and LA in decreasing order. Second, analyses of silver ion high-performance liquid chromatography (Ag(+)-HPLC) demonstrated that t,t,t-CLnA isomers had greater stability than c,t,t-CLnA and c,t,c-CLnA isomers. Finally, both green tea catechins (GTCs) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were capable of preventing the CLnA oxidation, with the former being more effective than the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453007, China.
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Singla R, Ghosh M, Ganguli A. Phenolics and antioxidant activity of a ready‐to‐eat snack food prepared from the edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporous). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1108/00346650910957474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Effects of a hexane extract from Laurus novocanariensis leaves on the ethanol metabolism of Wistar rats. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:130-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Antioxidant potential of crocins and ethanol extracts of Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS and Crocus sativus L.: A relationship investigation between antioxidant activity and crocin contents. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Moon HS, Lee HG, Chung CS, Choi YJ, Cho CS. Physico-chemical modifications of conjugated linoleic acid for ruminal protection and oxidative stability. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2008; 5:16. [PMID: 18513443 PMCID: PMC2430566 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-5-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a mixture of positional and geometric isomers of octadecadienoic acid [linoleic acid (LA), 18:2n-6]. Although ruminant milk and meat products represent the largest natural source of CLA and therefore, their concentration in ruminant lipids are of interest to human health, chemical or physical modifications of CLA should be needed as a means to enhance oxidative stability, to improve post-ruminal bioavailability, and to increase the clinical application. In fact, CLA are rapidly decomposed to form furan fatty acids when its are oxidized in air, and the effectiveness of dietary supplements of CLA may be related to the extent that their metabolisms by rumen bacteria are avoided. For these reasons, many scientists have examined the effect of manufacturing and protection on the stability of CLA in ruminants and food products. In this review, physico-chemical modifications of CLA for ruminal protection such as calcium salt (Ca), formaldehyde protection (FP), lipid encapsulation (LE), and amide linkage (AL), and for oxidative stability such as green tea catechin (GTC), cyclodextrin (CD), arginine (Arg), amylase, and PEGylation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Seuk Moon
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea.
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Singh N, Rajini P. Antioxidant-mediated protective effect of potato peel extract in erythrocytes against oxidative damage. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 173:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 03/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Barros L, Ferreira I, Baptista P. Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus Mycelium at Different Carbon Sources. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013208090094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the first approach to the antioxidant potential evaluation of the edible mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus mycelium obtained in the presence of four different carbon sources: glucose, sucrose, fructose and mannitol. Despite the use of Leucopaxillus mushroom species in chemical industry for extraction of clitocybin antibiotic, the production of its mycelium for pharmacological applications has not been explored. The concentration of antioxidant compounds increased along the growth time as a response to the oxidative stress and therefore free radicals production. The aldohexose glucose proved to be the most appropriate carbon source to increase antioxidant activity, leading to the highest phenols content and lowest EC50 values. Significant negative linear regressions were established between phenols and flavonoids contents, and antioxidant activity, which support that the extracts mechanism of action for the different antioxidant activity assays may be identical, being related with the content in those compounds and their free radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Barros
- CIMO- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de BragancÇa Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 BragancÇa, Portugal
| | - I.C.F.R. Ferreira
- CIMO- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de BragancÇa Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 BragancÇa, Portugal,
| | - P. Baptista
- CIMO- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de BragancÇa Campus de Sta. Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-855 BragancÇa, Portugal
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Antioxidant capacity of four polyphenol-rich Amazonian plant extracts: A correlation study using chemical and biological in vitro assays. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li YM, Chan HYE, Huang Y, Chen ZY. Green tea catechins upregulate superoxide dismutase and catalase in fruit flies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2007; 51:546-54. [PMID: 17440995 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200600238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chinese Longjing green tea is an excellent source of polyphenol antioxidants. HPLC analysis revealed that Longjing green tea catechin extract (GTC) contained 62% epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), 19% epigallocatechin (EGC), 9% epicatechin gallate (ECG), and 7% epicatechin (EC). Investigating the effect of GTC on the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, we observed that a 10 mg GTC/mL diet could prolong its 50% survival time by 36% and mean lifespan by 16%. This was consistent with 17% reduction in total body lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) level in GTC-treated flies compared to the control group. Supplementation of 10 mg GTC/mL diet increased the survival time only in wild type Oregon-R-C (OR) but not in two mutant fly lines, SOD(n108)/TM3 (gene for superoxide dismutase (SOD) was knocked out) and Cat(n1)/TM3 (gene for catalase was knocked out), when the flies were challenged with paraquat or hydrogen peroxide. Accordingly, SOD and catalase activities in OR wild type increased by 40 and 19%, respectively. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the genes for copper-zinc containing SOD (CuZnSOD), manganese containing SOD (MnSOD), and catalase were upregulated. It was concluded that prolonging lifespan by GTC in D. melanogaster was influenced, among others, by upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuk Man Li
- Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
The aims of the present study were to determine the level of (-)-epicatechin (EC) and its metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of cocoa powder and to evaluate the protective effect of cocoa powder in terms of suppressing the oxidation of plasma components. Rats were orally administered 1 g cocoa powder/kg body weight, containing 7·80 mg EC, and their blood was collected before administration and at designated time intervals thereafter. The EC and its metabolites in plasma were treated with β-glucuronidase and/or sulfatase, then analysed by HPLC and by liquid chromatography–MS. Several EC-related compounds were detected in plasma such as free EC, and glucuronide, sulfate, and glucuronide–sulfate conjugates of non-methylated or methylated EC. All EC metabolites showed a maximum concentration in plasma at 30–60 min post-administration. Glucuronide conjugates of both non-methylated and methylated EC were found in high concentration in plasma. Moreover, administration of cocoa powder significantly reduced the accumulation of lipid peroxides in plasma and significantly reduced the consumption of α-tocopherol in plasma oxidized by treatment with 2,2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH (25 mmol/l)) or CuSO4 (100 μmol/l) compared with that in the case of plasma obtained before administration. The total EC concentration in plasma was negatively correlated with the level of accumulation of lipid peroxides in plasma oxidized by treatment with AAPH (25 mmol/l) and was positively correlated with the level of residual α-tocopherol in plasma oxidized by treatment with CuSO4 (100 μmol/l). These results indicate that EC in cocoa powder was absorbed from the digestive tract, that various conjugated forms of EC were generated in the digestive tract and distributed to the plasma, and that these enhanced the antioxidative activity of plasma.
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Queiroz MJRP, Ferreira ICFR, Calhelha RC, Estevinho LM. Synthesis and antioxidant activity evaluation of new 7-aryl or 7-heteroarylamino-2,3-dimethylbenzo[b]thiophenes obtained by Buchwald–Hartwig C–N cross-coupling. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:1788-94. [PMID: 17166720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
New 7-aryl or 7-heteroarylamino-2,3-dimethylbenzo[b]thiophenes were prepared by palladium-catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling of 7-bromo or 7-amino-2,3-dimethylbenzo[b]thiophenes, previously prepared by us, with substituted (4-methoxy or 3,4-dimethoxy) anilines and 3-aminopyridine or with substituted (3-methoxy or 4-cyano) bromobenzenes and 2-bromopyridine, respectively, using Pd(OAc)2, rac-BINAP or Xantphos as ligands, and Cs2CO3 as base. Their antioxidant properties were evaluated by several methods: reducing power, scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and inhibition of lipid peroxidation using the beta-carotene linoleate system. EC50 values for all the methods were determined and it was possible to establish some structure-activity relationships (SARs) based on the presence and position of different substituents on the phenyl ring (1 or 2 OMe and CN), on the presence of a pyridine ring and on the position of its nitrogen atom relative to the N-H bond.
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Total phenols, ascorbic acid, β-carotene and lycopene in Portuguese wild edible mushrooms and their antioxidant activities. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hirai M, Hotta Y, Ishikawa N, Wakida Y, Fukuzawa Y, Isobe F, Nakano A, Chiba T, Kawamura N. Protective effects of EGCg or GCg, a green tea catechin epimer, against postischemic myocardial dysfunction in guinea-pig hearts. Life Sci 2006; 80:1020-32. [PMID: 17174345 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2006] [Revised: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg) or the C-2 epimer, (-)-gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCg), afforded by their antioxidative activity among green tea catechins were investigated in perfused guinea-pig Langendorff hearts subjected to ischemia and reperfusion. The recovery (%) of the left ventricular developed pressure from ischemia by reperfusion was 34.4% in the control, while in the presence of EGCg (3x10(-5) M) or GCg (3x10(-6) M, a more diluted concentration than that of EGCg), it led to a maximal increase of 78.4% or 76.2%, consistent with a significant preservative effect on the tissue level of ATP at the end of ischemia or reperfusion. In the perfused preparation of mitochondria, EGCg (10(-5) M) inhibited mitochondrial Ca(2+) elevation by changes in the Ca(2+) content or the acidification of perfusate, similarly to findings with cyclosporin A, a well known inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. By in vitro electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), EGCg or GCg was found to directly quench the activity of active oxygen radicals, with the strongest activity in tea catechins. EGCg or GCg decreased the caspase-3 activity induced apoptosis. Therefore, it is concluded that the beneficial effects of EGCg or GCg play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion hearts in close relation with nitric oxide (NO), active oxygen radicals and biological redox systems in mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Hirai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
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Hotta Y, Huang L, Muto T, Yajima M, Miyazeki K, Ishikawa N, Fukuzawa Y, Wakida Y, Tushima H, Ando H, Nonogaki T. Positive inotropic effect of purified green tea catechin derivative in guinea pig hearts: the measurements of cellular Ca2+ and nitric oxide release. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 552:123-30. [PMID: 17059816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Each individual and pure catechin isolated from green tea was investigated as to its myocardial or blood pressure effects. The nitric oxide (NO) electrode and fluorometry were used to monitor changes in the NO and Ca(2+) contents of the heart, together with simultaneous recordings of the left ventricular developed pressure. The low dose of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg: 10(-6), 10(-5 )M) increased the left ventricular developed pressure with elevation of the transient fura-2 Ca(2+) signal (T(Ca)), but the high dose of EGCg (10(-4 )M) produced a maximum left ventricular developed pressure with decreases in the basal level of T(Ca) in a manner similar to the administration of the Ca-sensitizer pimobendan. However, the level of the transient NO signal (T(NO)) increased dose-dependently without any increases in the width of T(NO). In the isolated right atria, the contractile force of (-)-gallocatechin-3-gallate (GCg) at 10(-8)-10(-4 )M produced the highest pD(2) value, 6.7, in catechins (EGCg: 5.2, pimobendan: 5.1), but did not affect the heart rate. GCg, an artifact due to the epimerization of EGCg during the heating procedure, showed the most prolonged hypotensive effect in rabbits among the catechins. Each catechin (GCg or EGCg), like the NO donor, may have a therapeutic use as an NO-mediated vasorelaxant and may have an additional protective action in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Hotta
- Department of Pharmacology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
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Kapsokefalou M, Zhu L, Miller DD. Adding iron to green tea may decrease its antioxidant capacity in rats after an oral dose of the mixture. Nutr Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2006.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Srichairatanakool S, Ounjaijean S, Thephinlap C, Khansuwan U, Phisalpong C, Fucharoen S. Iron-chelating and free-radical scavenging activities of microwave-processed green tea in iron overload. Hemoglobin 2006; 30:311-27. [PMID: 16798656 DOI: 10.1080/03630260600642666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Secondary iron overload is found in beta-thalassemia (thal) patients because of increased dietary iron absorption and multiple blood transfusions. Excessive iron catalyzes free-radical generation, leading to oxidative damage and vital organ dysfunction. Non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) detected in thalassemic plasma is highly toxic and chelatable. Though used to treat iron overload, desferrioxamine (DFO) and deferiprone (L1) also have adverse effects. Green tea (GT) shows many pharmacological effects, particularly antioxidative and iron-chelating capacities. This study was performed to investigate the ability of GT extracts to reduce plasma NTBI concentration and oxidative stress in vitro. The Fe(3+) was found to bind to GT crude extract and form a complex. Green tea crude extract time- and dose-dependently decreased plasma NTBI concentration and counteracted the increase of oxidative stress in both Fe(2+)-EDTA-treated human plasma and erythrocytes. Green tea is a bifunctional natural product that could be relevant for management of iron overload and oxidative stress.
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Park WH, Kim CH, Lee YC, Kim CH. Anti-inflammatory effects of a traditional Korean herbal formulation, Silsosangami, consisting of seven medicinal herbs: effect on hemolysis, neutrophil function, and gene expressions of iNOS and COX-2. Vascul Pharmacol 2005; 42:7-15. [PMID: 15664882 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2004.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2004] [Revised: 11/14/2004] [Accepted: 11/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silsosangami is a dried decoctum of a mixture of seven Korean herbal medicine, which is consisted of seven herbs (indicated as concentrations) of Typhae Pollen, Pteropi Faeces, Paeoniae Radicis rubra, Cnidii Rhizoma, Persicae Semen, Carthami Flos and Curcumae Tuber. In the present study, the effects of Silsosangami water extract (SSG) on hemolysis in human blood were studied. Using an in vitro system, only Curcumae Tuber, Persicae Semen and Paeoniae Radicis rubra had the strongest effects on hemolysis; Typhae Pollen and Pteropi Faeces had the slight effects; and Cnidii Rhizoma and Carthami Flos had no effect. On the other hand, the SSG inhibited neutrophil functions, including degranulation, superoxide generation, and leukotriene B4 production, without any effect on 5-lipoxygenase activity. This SSG reduced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglanin E2 (PGE2) production in mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, without the influence on the activity of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase COX-2 and COX-1 being observed. SSG significantly reduced mouse paw oedema induced by carrageenan. Western blot analysis showed that SSG reduced the expression of iNOS and COX-2. These results suggested that SSG might be used as a novel antithrombotic therapeutic agents in post-myocardial infarction and also, indicated that SSG exerts anti-inflammatory effects related to the inhibition of neutrophil functions and of NO and PGE2 production, which could be due to a decreased expression of iNOS and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Hwan Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Diagnostics, Dongguk University College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungju, Kyungbuk 780-714, Republic of Korea
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Kuroda K, Inoue N, Ito Y, Kubota K, Sugimoto A, Kakuda T, Fushiki T. Sedative effects of the jasmine tea odor and (R)-(-)-linalool, one of its major odor components, on autonomic nerve activity and mood states. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005; 95:107-14. [PMID: 15976995 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-005-1402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of the odor of jasmine tea on autonomic nerve activity and mood states in a total of 24 healthy volunteers. We used the odor of jasmine tea at the lowest concentration that could be detected by each subject but that did not elicit any psychological effects. R-R intervals and the POMS test were measured before and after inhalation of the odors for 5 min. Both jasmine tea and lavender odors at perceived similar intensity caused significant decreases in heart rate and significant increases in spectral integrated values at high-frequency component in comparison with the control (P < 0.05). In the POMS tests, these odors produced calm and vigorous mood states. We also examined the effects of (R)-(-)-linalool, one of its major odor components, at the same concentration as in the tea, and (S)-(+)-linalool. Only (R)-(-)-linalool elicited a significant decrease in heart rate (P < 0.05) and an increase in high-frequency component in comparison with the controls, and produced calm and vigorous mood states. Thus, the low intensity of jasmine tea odor has sedative effects on both autonomic nerve activity and mood states, and (R)-(-)-linalool, one of its components, can mimic these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Kuroda
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Japan
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Jiang RW, Lau KM, Lam HM, Yam WS, Leung LK, Choi KL, Waye MMY, Mak TCW, Woo KS, Fung KP. A comparative study on aqueous root extracts of Pueraria thomsonii and Pueraria lobata by antioxidant assay and HPLC fingerprint analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 96:133-138. [PMID: 15588661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2004] [Revised: 08/18/2004] [Accepted: 08/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Pueraria thomsonii and Pueraria lobata are officially recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia under the same name Radix Puerariae. However, the aqueous root extract of Pueraria lobata showed more potent antioxidant activity than that of Pueraria thomsonii. A qualitative HPLC method was developed to compare the chemical profiles of Pueraria thomsonii and Pueraria lobata, which revealed four major common peaks (daidzein 1, daidzin 2, puerarin 3 and 5-hydroxypuerarin 4) and two major different peaks (3-hydroxypuerarin 5 and 3'-methoxypuerarin 6) in their chromatograms. Semi-quantitative analysis showed that the contents of 1-3 in Pueraria lobata are about three, three, and five times higher than those of Pueraria thomsonii, respectively. The higher contents of isoflavonoids in Pueraria lobata were inferred to be responsible for its more potent antioxidant activity as compared with that of Pueraria thomsonii. The HPLC method developed in this study and chemical markers 1-6 can be used for the rapid identification and evaluation of Radix Puerariae herbs and their aqueous supplements, and the results of this investigation support the use of Pueraria lobata and Pueraria thomsonii in the clinic application and as dietary supplement, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Wang Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
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Zhou B, Wu LM, Yang L, Liu ZL. Evidence for alpha-tocopherol regeneration reaction of green tea polyphenols in SDS micelles. Free Radic Biol Med 2005; 38:78-84. [PMID: 15589374 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2004] [Accepted: 09/24/2004] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic antioxidant mechanism of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) with green tea polyphenols, i.e., (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and gallic acid (GA), was studied by assaying the kinetics of the reaction of alpha-tocopheroxyl radical with green tea polyphenols by stopped-flow electron paramagnetic resonance, the inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation by these antioxidants, and the decay of alpha-tocopherol during the peroxidation. It was found that the green tea polyphenols could reduce alpha-tocopheroxyl radical to regenerate alpha-tocopherol with rate constants of 0.45, 1.11, 1.31, 1.91, and 0.43 x 10(2) M(-1) s(-1) for EC, EGC, ECG, EGCG, and GA, respectively, in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles. In addition, these second-order rate constants exhibited a good linear correlation with their oxidation potentials, suggesting that electron transfer might play a role in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- National Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, Peoples' Republic of China.
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