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Verma T, Bhardwaj S, Raza A, Djalovic I, Prasad PVV, Kapoor D. Mitigation of salt stress in Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea L.) by the application of triacontanol and hydrogen sulfide. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2189371. [PMID: 36934336 PMCID: PMC10026909 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2189371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is a well-known abiotic stress that has been shown to have a negative impact on crop growth, production, and soil richness. The current study was intended to ameliorate salt stress in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.), keeping in mind the detrimental influence of salt stress. A pot experimentation was executed on B. juncea to examine the efficacy of exogenous application of triacontanol (TRIA) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) (NaHS donor), either alone or in combination, on growth attributes, metabolites, and antioxidant defense system exposed to salt stress at three distinct concentrations (50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl). Increase in the concentration of oxidative markers (malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) was found which results in inhibited growth of B. juncea. The growth characteristics of plant, such as root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight under salt stress, were improved by foliar application of TRIA (150 µM) and H2S (25 µM) alone as well as in combination. Additionally, salt stress reduced the levels of protein, metabolites (flavonoids, phenolic and anthocyanin), antioxidant enzyme activity including that of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and guaiacol peroxidase as well as the level of ascorbic acid and glutathione (non-enzymatic antioxidants). However, application of TRIA and H2S alone or in grouping substantially raised the content of protein, metabolites and antioxidant defense system in plants of B. juncea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunisha Verma
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Savita Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - PV Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Dhriti Kapoor
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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El-Beltagi HS, Ismail SA, Ibrahim NM, Shehata WF, Alkhateeb AA, Ghazzawy HS, El-Mogy MM, Sayed EG. Unravelling the Effect of Triacontanol in Combating Drought Stress by Improving Growth, Productivity, and Physiological Performance in Strawberry Plants. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151913. [PMID: 35893617 PMCID: PMC9330780 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effects of triacontanol (TR) on drought tolerance of strawberry plants (cv Fertona), two field experiments were carried out to study the effects of three supplementary foliar TR rates (0, 0.5, and 1 ppm) under the following three levels of water irrigation: 11 m3/hectare (40% of water holding capacity (WHC) severe as a drought treatment, 22 m3/hectare (80% of WHC) as moderate drought stress, and normal irrigation with 27 m3/hectare (100% of WHC) server as a control treatment. TR treatments were applied five times after 30 days from transplanting and with 15-day intervals. The results showed that drought stress (40% and 80%) markedly decreased the growth, fruit yield, and chlorophyll reading, as well as the gas exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate). Meanwhile, drought stress at a high rate obviously increased antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) contents in the leaves of the strawberry plants. The moderate and high drought stress rates enhanced some strawberry fruit quality parameters such as total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, and anthocyanin content compared to the control. Additionally, TR increased the activities of SOD, POX, and CAT. TR treatment significantly increased the chlorophyll contents, gas exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance), and water use efficiency (WUE). Plant height, fruit weight, and total biomass were increased also via TR application. Total yield per plant was increased 12.7% using 1 ppm of TR compared with the control. In conclusion, our results suggested that TR application could relieve the adverse effects of drought stress on the growth of strawberry plants by enhancing the antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis rate, and WUE of the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.S.); (A.A.A.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (E.G.S.)
| | - Shadia A. Ismail
- Department of Potato and Vegetatively Propagated Crops, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12511, Egypt; (S.A.I.); (N.M.I.)
| | - Nadia M. Ibrahim
- Department of Potato and Vegetatively Propagated Crops, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12511, Egypt; (S.A.I.); (N.M.I.)
| | - Wael F. Shehata
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.S.); (A.A.A.)
- Plant Production Department, College of Environmental Agricultural Science, El-Arish University, El-Arish 45511, Egypt
| | - Abdulmalik A. Alkhateeb
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (W.F.S.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Hesham S. Ghazzawy
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Central Laboratory for Date palm Research and Development, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. El-Mogy
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Eman G. Sayed
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (E.G.S.)
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Ali HMM, Perveen S. Effect of foliar applied triacontanol on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under arsenic stress: a study of changes in growth, yield and photosynthetic characteristics. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1215-1224. [PMID: 32549684 PMCID: PMC7266925 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in growth, yield and photosynthetic characteristics were assessed by foliar application of triacontanol (TRIA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties Anaj-2017, Ujala-2016 and AARI-2011 under arsenic (As) stress. Seeds of all three wheat varieties were sown in sand filled plastic pots. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. All the plants were irrigated with full strength Hoagland's nutrient solution till the termination of experiment. Plants were applied with three levels of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) i.e. 0 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm and two levels of foliar treatment of triacontanol i.e. control (no spray), and TRIA 1 µM applied. After 16 week of germination, data of all photosynthetic characteristics was collected, while yield was taken at maturity. Arsenic (50 ppm and 100 ppm) stress exerted significantly adverse effects on various growth and photosynthetic parameters i.e. shoot fresh and dry weights, total leaf area per plant, total grain yield per plant, 100 grain weight, number of seeds per plant, chlorophyll (chl.) pigments, chl. a, b chl. a/b ratio, flavonoids, anthocyanin contents, rate of photosynthesis (A), transpiration rate (E), internal CO2 concentration (C i), water use efficiency (A/E), and stomatal conductance (g s). Foliar application of TRIA significantly increased growth and yield attributes, chlorophyll b, internal CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, rate of photosynthesis, flavonoids and anthocyanin contents in all wheat varieties. Moreover, the results also indicated that 1 µM TRIA proved to be effective in reducing the adverse effects of arsenic stress on all three wheat varieties. Of three wheat varieties, AARI-2011 is more sensitive to arsenic stress and Anaj-2017 proved to be more tolerant against arsenic stress. However, foliar application of TRIA proves to be more effective for var. AARI-2011.
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Harrabi S, Ferchichi A, Bacheli A, Fellah H. Policosanol composition, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle (Silybium marianum L.) oil at different seed maturity stages. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:82. [PMID: 29661192 PMCID: PMC5902937 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several anti-arthritic drugs and synthetic antioxidants have wide pharmaceutical uses and are often associated with various side effects on the human health. Dietary seed oils and their minor components like policosanol may offer an effective alternative treatment for arthritic and oxidative-stress related diseases. The biological effects of seed oils were affected by different parameters such as the stage of seed maturity. Hence, this study seeks to determine the policosanol content, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle (Silybium marianum L.) oil extracted at various stages of seed maturation. METHODS Milk thistle oil samples were extracted from seeds collected at three maturation stages (immature, intermediate, and mature). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracted oils. The anti-arthritic activity of oil samples was evaluated with bovine serum protein denaturation and egg albumin denaturation methods. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to determine the policosanol profile. RESULTS Policosanol profile, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle oil were influenced by the seed maturity stages. The oil extracted from the immature seeds had the highest total policosanol content (987.68 mg/kg of oil) and displayed the maximum antiradical activity (96.42% and 90.35% for DPPH test and ABTS assay, respectively). Nine aliphatic alcohols were identified in the milk thistle oil. The dominant poliosanol in the mature seed oil was octacosanol (75.44%), while triacontanol was the major compound (40.25%) in the immature seed oil. Additionally, the maximum inhibition of bovine serum protein denaturation (92.53%) and egg albumin denaturation (86.36%) were observed in immature seed oil as compared to mature seed oil. A high correlation was found between the total policosanol content, anti-arthritic activity and antioxidant capacity of oil. CONCLUSIONS The milk thistle oil exhibited a potential anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities and that it might contribute to the protection of humans from a variety of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Also, it could serve as natural antioxidant and anti-arthritic agents for application in the food industries and pharmaceutic. Policosanol level in the seed oils might contribute to their anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoussem Harrabi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, 15 street Djebel Lakhdar, Rabta, 1007, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Azza Ferchichi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, 15 street Djebel Lakhdar, Rabta, 1007, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Asma Bacheli
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, 15 street Djebel Lakhdar, Rabta, 1007, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hayet Fellah
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, LR99ES11, Faculty of Medicine Tunis, 15 street Djebel Lakhdar, Rabta, 1007, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kim NH, Kwak J, Baik JY, Yoon MR, Lee JS, Yoon SW, Kim IH. Changes in lipid substances in rice during grain development. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 116:170-179. [PMID: 26021733 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid substances, such as fatty acids, γ-oryzanol, policosanols, and tocol (tocopherol+tocotrienol), were investigated in two rice cultivars, Ilpum and Dasan, during rice development. In both cultivars, the lipid extract level decreased steadily after it reached its maximum level. Additionally, there were differences in the fatty acid composition, depending on the rice developmental stage, between the two cultivars. The γ-oryzanol level increased during rice development, and there were differences in the composition of γ-oryzanol between the two cultivars. The levels of policosanols drastically decreased during the early stage of rice development in the two cultivars. The total tocol level showed a downward trend during rice development. The predominant tocol isomer in Ilpum was α-tocopherol during rice development. In Dasan, the predominant tocol isomer was α-tocopherol at the early stage, but γ-tocotrienol at the later stage. This study provided information on the levels and composition of lipid substances, such as fatty acids, γ-oryzanol, policosanols, and tocol during rice development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ho Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136 703, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kwak
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baik
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136 703, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ra Yoon
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeom-Sig Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Gyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 136 703, Republic of Korea.
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Sabokdast M, Habibi-Rezaei M, Poursasan N, Sabouni F, Ferdousi M, Azimzadeh-Irani E, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Insulin glycation coupled with liposomal lipid peroxidation and microglial cell death. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16420b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized jointly by hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, which make insulin prone to glycation then fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Najmeh Poursasan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sabouni
- Department of Basic Sciences of Biotechnology
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- School of Biology
- College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | | | - Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
- Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics
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Abstract
The use of supplements has become commonplace in an effort to complement traditional therapy and as part of long-term preventive health plans. This article discusses historical and present uses of antioxidants, vitamins, and herbs. By complementing traditional medicine with holistic and alternative nutrition and supplements, the overall health and wellness of exotic pets can be enhanced and balanced. Further research is needed for understanding the strengths and uses of supplements in exotic species. Going back to the animals' origin and roots bring clinicians closer to nature and its healing powers.
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Kiliç NK, Duygu E, Dönmez G. Triacontanol hormone stimulates population, growth and Brilliant Blue R dye removal by common duckweed from culture media. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 182:525-530. [PMID: 20633998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This work is focussed on assessing the potentialities of Lemna minor (L.) for the treatment of reactive dyes polluted wastewaters and investigating the possibility of bioremoval performance stimulation by adding triacontanol hormone to the cultures. In the vast literature describing removal of reactive dyes, considering the lack of reports using of common duckweed in wastewater treatment apparently due to the inadequate efficiency. In the present study, the experiments showed that 1 mg l(-1) triacontanol stimulated duckweed growth. The effect of different dye types (Reactive Orange 14, Reactive Red 120, Reactive Black 5, Brilliant Blue R, and Reactive Brilliant Blue R) onto duckweed growth was tested. Plants grew at most in media with Brilliant Blue R. The highest biomass, in terms of frond number (87+/-1.5) were accompanied with 59.6% maximum dye removal were found in samples containing 2.5 mg l(-1) initial Brilliant Blue R and 1 mg l(-1) triacontanol, indicating hormonal stimulation of both activities. The results presented here that L. minor (L.) could be used effectively to treat wastewaters containing dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Koçberber Kiliç
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Ankara, 06100, Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey
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Harrabi S, Boukhchina S, Mayer PM, Kallel H. Policosanol distribution and accumulation in developing corn kernels. Food Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sivakumar Swamy G, Ramanarayan K, Inamdar LS, Inamdar SR. Triacontanol and jasmonic acid differentially modulate the lipid organization as evidenced by the fluorescent probe behavior and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance shifts in model membranes. J Membr Biol 2009; 228:165-77. [PMID: 19418089 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-009-9169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 04/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), time-resolved fluorescence and anisotropy decays were determined in large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) of egg phosphatidylcholine with the FRET pair N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine as donor and lissamine rhodamine B 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine as acceptor, using 2-ps pulses from a Ti:sapphire laser on LUVs with incorporated plant growth regulators: triacontanol (TRIA) and jasmonic acid (JA). FRET efficiency, energy transfer rate, rotation correlation time, microviscosity, and diffusion coefficient of lateral diffusion of lipids were calculated from these results. It was observed that TRIA and JA differentially modulated all parameters studied. The effect of JA in such modulations was always partially reversed by TRIA. Also, the generalized polarization of laurdan fluorescence indicated that JA enhances the degree of hydration in lipid bilayers to a larger extent than does TRIA. Solid-state (31)P magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of LUVs showed two chemical shifts, at 0.009 and -11.988 ppm, at low temperatures (20 degrees C), while at increasing temperatures (20-60 degrees C) only one (at -11.988 ppm) was prominent and the other (0.009 ppm) gradually became obscure. However, LUVs with TRIA exhibited only one of the shifts at 0.353 ppm even at lower temperatures and JA did not affect the chemical shifts.
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Wegener T, Wagner H. The active components and the pharmacological multi-target principle of STW 5 (Iberogast). PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 13 Suppl 5:20-35. [PMID: 16926095 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic equivalence of the multi-herbal drug combination STW 5 (Iberogast) with two synthetic standard drugs can be explained by an additive or overadditive pharmacological synergism. A review of the different chemical constituents contained in this fixed combination of nine herbal drug extracts and their dominant mechanisms of action shows that they correlate very well with the clinically relevant overall pharmacological profile of the multi-herbal drug combination. This comprises modulatory effects on gastro-intestinal motility, anti-inflammatory action, inhibitory effects on gastric acid production and anti-oxidative and radical-inhibiting properties. As a multi-drug preparation with a multitude of therapeutic targets relevant in functional gastrointestinal diseases, its pharmacological profile of action in accordance with the multi-target principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wegener
- Consulting Herbal Medicinal Products, Zeisigstrasse 9, 33378 Rheda-Wiedenbrück, Germany
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Ramanarayan K, Swamy GS. Triacontanol negatively modulates the jasmonic acid-stimulated proteinase inhibitors in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2004; 161:489-492. [PMID: 15128037 DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Triacontanol (TRIA), a long chain aliphatic alcohol (C30H61OH) reverses the effect of jasmonic acid (JA) in inducing proteinase inhibitors (PIs) in tomato leaves. Porcine pancreas trypsin and Spodoptera litura gut proteinases were inhibited in the presence of leaf proteins treated with JA, and TRIA partially reverses this effect. Spodoptera litura larvae fed with tomato leaves treated with JA were reduced in body weight and TRIA is able to partially reverse this JA-induced effect. These results reflect the partial reversal effect of TRIA in down regulating the JA-induced production of proteinase inhibitors.
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Chen X, Yuan H, Chen R, Zhu L, Du B, Weng Q, He G. Isolation and characterization of triacontanol-regulated genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.): possible role of triacontanol as a plant growth stimulator. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2002; 43:869-876. [PMID: 12198189 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcf100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Triacontanol (TRIA) is a saturated long-chain alcohol that is known to have a growth promoting activity when exogenously supplied to a number of plants. In this study, dry weight, protein and chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by foliar application of TRIA. Leaf net photosynthesis rate (Pn) was increased very quickly and persistently at a given photon flux density (PFD). The TRIA-regulated genes in rice were isolated from cDNA library by differential screening with probes generated from the forward- and reverse-suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) populations and confirmed by Northern blot. Sequence analysis revealed that most of the up-regulated genes encoded the photosynthetic and photorespiratory proteins. Two down-regulated genes were identified as those encoding an ABA- and stress-related protein and a wounding-related protein. These results suggested that TRIA up-regulated the photosynthesis process and suppressed stresses in rice plants. Time-course profiles of expression of rbcS isogenes suggested the complex mechanisms involved in the regulation of photosynthesis promoted by TRIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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Menéndez R, Más R, Amor AM, Pérez Y, González RM, Fernández J, Molina V, Jiménez S. Antioxidant effects of D002 on the in vitro susceptibility of whole plasma in healthy volunteers. Arch Med Res 2001; 32:436-41. [PMID: 11578760 DOI: 10.1016/s0188-4409(01)00315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been recently shown that oral administration of D002, a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from beeswax, inhibits rat microsomal lipid peroxidation. This justified the present attempt to investigate whether D002 also exerts antioxidant effects in humans. METHODS The effects of D002 on lipid peroxidation were studied in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 50 healthy volunteers. Unfractionated plasma samples at baseline and at 12 weeks were subjected to in vitro copper-induced lipid peroxidation and conjugated diene generation was monitored by changes of optical density. RESULTS The oral treatment with D002 (50 mg/day) not only significantly prolonged (p <0.001) lag time before the onset of conjugated diene formation compared with that of baseline but also increased (p <0.05) lag phase when compared with placebo group. In fact, in the D002 group the lag-phase of oxidation was prolonged 1.5-fold. D002 oral treatment decreased TBARS and increased plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) (p <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Because prooxidant states have been linked to normal senescence and some age-related diseases, the present data suggest that D002 may find a use in preventing age-related diseases as a dietary natural antioxidant supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Menéndez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Centro de Productos Naturales, Centro Nacional para Investigación Científica, Havana, Cuba.
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