1
|
Zolkeflee NKZ, Ramli NS, Azlan A, Abas F. In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Activities and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Profile of Muntingia calabura Leaves Extract. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010287. [PMID: 35011523 PMCID: PMC8746400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anti-diabetic compounds from natural sources are now being preferred to prevent or treat diabetes due to adverse effects of synthetic drugs. The decoction of Muntingia calabura leaves was traditionally consumed for diabetes treatment. However, there has not been any published data currently available on the processing effects on this plant’s biological activity and phytochemical profile. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of three drying methods (freeze-drying (FD), air-drying (AD), and oven-drying (OD)) and ethanol:water ratios (0, 50, and 100%) on in vitro anti-diabetic activities of M. calabura leaves. In addition, an ultrahigh-performance-liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was used to characterize the metabolites in the active extract. The FD M. calabura leaves, extracted with 50% ethanol, is the most active extract that exhibits a high α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 0.46 ± 0.05 and 26.39 ± 3.93 µg/mL, respectively. Sixty-one compounds were tentatively identified by using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS from the most active extract. Quantitative analysis, by using UHPLC, revealed that geniposide, daidzein, quercitrin, 6-hydroxyflavanone, kaempferol, and formononetin were predominant compounds identified from the active extract. The results have laid down preliminary steps toward developing M. calabura leaves extract as a potential source of bioactive compounds for diabetic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Khaleeda Zulaikha Zolkeflee
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nurul Shazini Ramli
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Faridah Abas
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3976-9834-3
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Van Do TN, Le TH, Nguyen HX, Vo TNT, Dang PH, Nguyen NT, Nguyen MTT. δ-Tocopherol derivatives from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5524-5529. [PMID: 34933616 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2018589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
From an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the leaves of Muntingia calabura, one new trimeric δ-tocopherol derivative named as tocomuntin A (1), together with three known δ-tocopherol derivatives (2-4) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated based on the interpretation of NMR and MS spectroscopic data. In this work, δ-tocopherol (3) was found to have α-glucosidase inhibitory activity for the first time (IC50, 47.3 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Truong Nhat Van Do
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tho Huu Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hai Xuan Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Trang Ngoc Tran Vo
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phu Hoang Dang
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nhan Trung Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
MosaChristas K, Kowsalya E, Karthick R, Jaquline CRI. Antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of Muntingia calabura L. leaf extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 75:588-597. [PMID: 34725846 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemicals, antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing (QS) properties of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaves against biofilm-forming strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antioxidant potential of M. calabura methanol leaf extract was evaluated using a radical scavenging assay. Since the findings were so promising, the study aims to screen the phytochemical profiles using qualitative and quantitative approaches and to expand the investigation to anti-QS activity. The antibacterial activity was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration against pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilm-forming bacterial strains using an agar well diffusion plate method. Muntingia calabura methanol leaf extract was most potent against P. aeruginosa. The QS controlled virulence factors in P. aeruginosa is significantly inhibited by M. calabura leaf extract. The microscopy images revealed a major reduction in P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Interestingly, M. calabura leaf extract was not toxic to Vero cell line. These findings make M. calabura a strong candidate for new antimicrobial and anti-QS herbal agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K MosaChristas
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology & Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - E Kowsalya
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology & Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Karthick
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology & Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C R I Jaquline
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology & Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zolkeflee NKZ, Isamail NA, Maulidiani M, Abdul Hamid NA, Ramli NS, Azlan A, Abas F. Metabolite variations and antioxidant activity of Muntingia calabura leaves in response to different drying methods and ethanol ratios elucidated by NMR-based metabolomics. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:69-83. [PMID: 31953888 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muntingia calabura from the Muntingiaceae family has been documented for several medicinal uses. The combinations of drying treatment and extracting solvents for a plant species need to be determined and optimised to ensure that the extracts contain adequate amounts of the bioactive metabolites. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the metabolite variations and antioxidant activity among M. calabura leaves subjected to different drying methods and extracted with different ethanol ratios using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR)-based metabolomics. Methodology The antioxidant activity of M. calabura leaves dried with three different drying methods and extracted with three different ethanol ratios was determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assays. The metabolites variation among the extracts and correlation with antioxidant activity were analysed by 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics. RESULTS Muntingia calabura leaves extracted with 50% and 100% ethanol from air-drying and freeze-drying methods had the highest total phenolic content and the lowest IC50 value for the DPPH scavenging activity. Meanwhile, oven-dried leaves extracted with 100% ethanol had the lowest IC50 value for the NO scavenging activity. A total of 43 metabolites, including sugars, organic acids, amino acids, phytosterols, phenolics and terpene glycoside were tentatively identified. A noticeable discrimination was observed in the different ethanol ratios by the principal component analysis. The partial least-squares analysis suggested that 32 compounds out of 43 compounds identified were the contributors to the bioactivities. CONCLUSION The results established set the preliminary steps towards developing this plant into a high value product for phytomedicinal preparations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nor Amira Isamail
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maulidiani Maulidiani
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Schoool of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ashikin Abdul Hamid
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Shazini Ramli
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun X, Liu X, Chen S. The Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Pinostrobin in Rats: Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Linear Trap Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry Studies. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:574638. [PMID: 33324207 PMCID: PMC7725875 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.574638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinostrobin is a natural flavonoid found in various plants, well known for its wide range of pharmacological activities. However, there are few reports regarding the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, metabolism, and excretion of pinostrobin in rats after oral administration as a single compound. Therefore, we established a method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear trap quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ orbitrap-MS/MS) to determine pinostrobin and its metabolites in rat plasma, urine, feces, bile, and tissue homogenates. Pharmacokinetic parameters were measured. The large apparent volume of distribution implied that pinostrobin preferentially bound to tissues and preferably remained within the body. Based on previous pharmacological studies of its antiulcer, anti-HP, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, pinostrobin is mostly distributed in the gastrointestinal tract, indicating its potential as an effective component of traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of peptic ulcers. Furthermore, 30 flavonoid metabolites were screened using UPLC-LTQ orbitrap-MS/MS. The metabolism pathways (mainly hydroxylation, demethylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation) of pinostrobin in rats have also been proposed. A small amount of pinostrobin in its parent form is excreted through the urine, feces, and bile, indicating that it is mainly metabolized in vivo. In this study, we systemically investigated the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, metabolism, and excretion of pinostrobin in rats. Our results provide a significant basis for the clinical development and application of pinostrobin as well as traditional Chinese medicines containing pinostrobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suiqing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rolt A, Cox LS. Structural basis of the anti-ageing effects of polyphenolics: mitigation of oxidative stress. BMC Chem 2020; 14:50. [PMID: 32793891 PMCID: PMC7417423 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing, and particularly the onset of age-related diseases, is associated with tissue dysfunction and macromolecular damage, some of which can be attributed to accumulation of oxidative damage. Polyphenolic natural products such as stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones have been shown to be effective at ameliorating several age-related phenotypes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, impaired proteostasis and cellular senescence, both in vitro and in vivo. Here we aim to identify the structural basis underlying the pharmacology of polyphenols towards ROS and related biochemical pathways involved in age-related disease. We compile and describe SAR trends across different polyphenol chemotypes including stilbenoids, flavonoids and chalcones, review their different molecular targets and indications, and identify common structural ground between chemotypes and mechanisms of action. In particular, we focus on the structural requirements for the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species such as radicals as well as coordination of a broader antioxidant response. We further suggest that it is important to consider multiple (rather than single) biological activities when identifying and developing new medicinal chemistry entities with utility in modulating complex biological properties such as cell ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Rolt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU UK
| | - Lynne S Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao Y, Kjaerulff L, Kongstad KT, Heskes AM, Møller BL, Staerk D. 2(5H)-Furanone sesquiterpenes from Eremophila bignoniiflora: High-resolution inhibition profiling and PTP1B inhibitory activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 166:112054. [PMID: 31284174 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Eremophila bignoniiflora is a shrub distributed throughout inland northern and eastern Australia, and it has been used in several medicinal applications by some Australian Aboriginal people. In our continued search for anti-diabetic constituents from natural resources, the crude ethyl acetate extract of E. bignoniiflora was found to have protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 23.9 ± 1.9 μg/mL. High-resolution PTP1B inhibition profiling combined with HRMS and NMR were subsequently used to investigate the individual compounds responsible for the observed bioactivity of the crude extract. This led to identification of five undescribed 2(5H)-furanone sesquiterpenes, together with 13 flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Dose-response curves of the isolated compounds revealed that two 2(5H)-furanone sesquiterpene cinnamates and three flavonoids exhibited moderate PTP1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values from 41.4 ± 1.4 to 154.5 ± 8.9 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhao
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Kjaerulff
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kenneth T Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allison M Heskes
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Birger Lindberg Møller
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dan Staerk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Werner J, Ebrahim W, Özkaya FC, Mándi A, Kurtán T, El-Neketi M, Liu Z, Proksch P. Pyrone derivatives from Helichrysum italicum. Fitoterapia 2018; 133:80-84. [PMID: 30599186 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of aerial parts of Helichrysum italicum yielded two new pyrone derivatives (1 and 2) along with ten known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as by HRESIMS data. Compound 1 represented a rare dimer of substituted α- and γ-pyrone units. DFT-NMR and TDDFT-ECD calculations were carried out to determine the absolute configuration of 1 but failed, representing the limitation of TDDFT-ECD calculation for the configurational assignment. All compounds were measured for their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity but proved to be inactive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Werner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Weaam Ebrahim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ferhat Can Özkaya
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Faculty of Fisheries, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Çiğli, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mona El-Neketi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Zhang W, Wu CZ, Fan SY. Chemical constituents from Gnaphalium affine and their xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:347-353. [PMID: 29860995 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gnaphalium affine D. Don, a medicinal and edible plant, has been used to treat gout in traditional Chinese medicine and popularly consumed in China for a long time. A detailed phytochemical investigation on the aerial part of G. affine led to the isolation of two new esters of caffeoylquinic acid named (-) ethyl 1, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (1) and (-) methyl 1, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinate (2), together with 35 known compounds (3-37). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and first-order multiplet analysis. All the isolated compounds were tested for their xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity with an in vitro enzyme inhibitory screening assay. Among the tested compounds, 1 (IC50 11.94 μmol·L-1) and 2 (IC50 15.04 μmol·L-1) showed a good inhibitory activity. The current results supported the medical use of the plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chun-Zhen Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Sinopharm Health Industry Research Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si-Yang Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China; Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Halim SZ, Zakaria ZA, Omar MH, Mohtarrudin N, Wahab IRA, Abdullah MNH. Synergistic gastroprotective activity of methanolic extract of a mixture of Melastoma malabathricum and Muntingia calabura leaves in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:488. [PMID: 29121900 PMCID: PMC5679158 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melastoma malabathricum L. (family Melastomaceae; MM) and Muntingia calabura L. (family Elaeocarpaceae; MC) have been separately reported to possess gastroprotective activity. In an attempt to develop a pharmaceutical product with antiulcer potential, the synergistic gastroprotective activity of methanolic extract of a mixture of MM and MC (MMMC) at various ratios was evaluated in rat models. METHODS Rats were pre-treated orally with 2% Tween 80 (vehicle), 100 mg/kg ranitidine (reference drug) or MMMC (ratios of 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 (v/v); doses of 15, 150 or 300 mg/kg) and then subjected to the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer or pyloric ligation assays. Stomach of rats from the former assay was collected and subjected to the macroscopic and microscopic observations, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant studies while the gastric juice content and tissue from the latter assay were subjected to the antisecretory activity study. The UHPLC analysis of MMMC was also performed. RESULT MMMC, in the ratio 1:1, demonstrated the most effective (P < 0.001) gastroprotective activity indicated by the highest reduction in ethanol-induced ulcer area formation. These macroscopic findings were supported by the microscopic observations. Except for pH and total acidity, MMMC also significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the volume of gastric content but increased the gastric wall mucus content in the pyloric-ligation test. MMMC also demonstrated remarkable antioxidant activity indicated by the highest total phenolic content (TPC) value and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) activity with the recorded IC50 value of approximately 53 μg/mL for the 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. MMMC also improved the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities of the gastric tissue intoxicated by ethanol. UHPLC analysis of MMMC confirmed the presence several flavonoid-based bioactive compounds. CONCLUSION MMMC, at the ratio of 1:1 (v/v), exerts gastroprotective activity partly by activating its antisecretory and antioxidant activities, and via modulation of the gastric tissue endogenous antioxidant system.
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Yuan C, Pan L, Benatrehina PA, Chai H, Keller WJ, Naman CB, Kinghorn AD. Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Constituents from a Maqui Berry (Aristotelia chilensis) Dietary Supplement Ingredient As Markers for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:8634-8642. [PMID: 28910091 PMCID: PMC5685509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of a commercially available maqui berry (Aristotelia chilensis) extract used in botanical dietary supplement products led to the isolation of 16 compounds, including one phenolic molecule, 1, discovered for the first time from a natural source, along with several known compounds, 2-16, including three substances not reported previously in A. chilensis, 2, 14, and 15. Each isolate was characterized by detailed analysis of NMR spectroscopic and HRESIMS data and tested for their in vitro hydroxyl radical scavenging and quinone-reductase inducing biological activities. A sensitive and accurate LC-DAD-MS method for the quantitative determination of the occurrence of six bioactive compounds, 6, 7, 10-12, and 14, was developed and validated using maqui berry isolates purified in the course of this study as authentic standards. The method presented can be utilized for dereplication efforts in future natural product research projects or to evaluate chemical markers for quality assurance and batch-to-batch standardization of this botanical dietary supplement component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chunhua Yuan
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, Campus Chemical Instrument Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Li Pan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - P. Annécie Benatrehina
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Heebyung Chai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - William J. Keller
- Nature’s Sunshine Products, Inc., 1655 N. Main Street, Spanish Fork, Utah 84660, United States
| | - C. Benjamin Naman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Patra N, Taviti AC, Sahoo A, Pal A, Beuria TK, Behera A, Patra S. Green synthesis of multi-metallic nanocubes. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra05493a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile synthetic route and growth mechanism of heterobimetallic cubical nanoparticles Au@AgCl and Ag@AgCl@Au have been developed using Muntingia calabura flower extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita Patra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University
- Bhubaneswar-751003
- India
| | | | - Anupam Sahoo
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- India
| | - Abhisek Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University
- Bhubaneswar-751003
- India
| | | | - Anindita Behera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University
- Bhubaneswar-751003
- India
| | - Srikanta Patra
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
- India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zakaria ZA, Mohd Sani MH, Abdul Kadir A, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Antinociceptive effect of semi-purified petroleum ether partition of Muntingia calabura leaves. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
15
|
Inhibitory effect of pinostrobin from Renealmia alpinia, on the enzymatic and biological activities of a PLA2. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 89:35-42. [PMID: 27109758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pinostrobin is a flavanone isolated from Renealmia alpinia, a plant used in folk medicine to treat snakebites. We tested the inhibitory ability of pinostrobin on the enzymatic, anticoagulant, myotoxic and edema-inducing activities of a PLA2 isolated from Crotalus durissus cumanensis venom. The compound displayed IC50 values of 1.76mM and 1.85mM (95% Confidence intervals: 1.34-2.18 and 1.21-2.45) on the PLA2 enzymatic activity, when either aggregated or monodispersed substrates were used, respectively. When mice were injected with PLA2 preincubated with 0.4, 2.0 and 4.0mM of pinostrobin, myotoxic activity induced by the PLA2 was inhibited up to 87%. Nevertheless, these values decreased up to 56% when the pinostrobin was injected into muscle after PLA2. Pinostrobin inhibited edema-forming and anticoagulant activities of the PLA2. In order to have insights on the mode of action of pinostrobin, intrinsic fluorescence and ultraviolet studies were performed. Results suggest that pinostrobin interacts directly with the PLA2. These findings were supported by molecular docking results, which suggested that pinostrobin forms hydrogen bonds with residues His48 and Asp49 of PLA2, besides, a π-π stacking interactions with those of residues Phe5 and Trp31, and rings C of flavanone and Tyr52 of the toxin.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zakaria ZA, Balan T, Azemi AK, Omar MH, Mohtarrudin N, Ahmad Z, Abdullah MNH, Desa MNM, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Mechanism(s) of action underlying the gastroprotective effect of ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the crude methanolic leaves extract of Muntingia calabura. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:78. [PMID: 26912079 PMCID: PMC4765037 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Muntingia calabura L. (family Muntingiaceae), commonly known as Jamaican cherry or kerukup siam in Malaysia, is used traditionally to treat various ailments. The aim of this study is to elucidate the possible underlying gastroprotective mechanisms of ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Muntingia calabura methanolic leaves extract (MEMC). Methods MEMC and its fractions were subjected to HPLC analysis to identify and quantify the presence of its phyto-constituents. The mechanism of gastroptotection of EAF was further investigated using pylorus ligation-induced gastric lesion rat model (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg). Macroscopic analysis of the stomach, evaluation of gastric content parameters such as volume, pH, free and total acidity, protein estimation, and quantification of mucus were carried out. The participation of nitric oxide (NO) and sulfhydryl (SH) compounds was evaluated and the superoxide dismutase (SOD), gluthathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and NO level in the ethanol induced stomach tissue homogenate was determined. Results HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin and gallic acid in EAF. In pylorus-ligation model, EAF significantly (p <0.001) prevent gastric lesion formation. Volume of gastric content and total protein content reduced significantly (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively), while free and total acidity reduced in the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg (p <0.001 and p <0.05, respectively). EAF also augmented the mucus content significantly (p < 0.001). Pre-treatment with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) reversed the gastroprotective activity of EAF. EAF treatment markedly ameliorated the SOD, GSH and CAT activity and PGE2 and NO level while attenuating MDA level, relative to the vehicle group. Conclusions In conclusion, the underlying gastroprotective mechanisms of EAF could be associated with the antisecretory, participation of mucus, antiperoxidative, improvement of antioxidant status, modulation of NO and SH compounds, stimulation of PGE2 as well as presence of quercetin and gallic acid.
Collapse
|
17
|
Guo L, Chen X, Li LN, Tang W, Pan YT, Kong JQ. Transcriptome-enabled discovery and functional characterization of enzymes related to (2S)-pinocembrin biosynthesis from Ornithogalum caudatum and their application for metabolic engineering. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:27. [PMID: 26846670 PMCID: PMC4743118 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background (2S)-Pinocembrin is a chiral flavanone with versatile pharmacological and biological activities. Its health-promoting effects have spurred on research effects on the microbial production of (2S)-pinocembrin. However, an often-overlooked salient feature in the analysis of microbial (2S)-pinocembrin is its chirality. Results Here, we presented a full characterization of absolute configuration of microbial (2S)-pinocembrin from engineered Escherichia coli. Specifically, a transcriptome-wide search for genes related to (2S)-pinocembrin biosynthesis from Ornithogalum caudatum, a plant rich in flavonoids, was first performed in the present study. A total of 104,180 unigenes were finally generated with an average length of 520 bp. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway mapping assigned 26 unigenes, representing three enzyme families of 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase(CHI), onto (2S)-pinocembrin biosynthetic pathway. A total of seven, three and one full-length candidates encoding 4CL, CHS and CHI were then verified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively. These candidates were screened by functional expression in E. coli individual or coupled multienzyme reaction systems based on metabolic engineering processes. Oc4CL1, OcCHS2 and OcCHI were identified to be bona fide genes encoding respective pathway enzymes of (2S)-pinocembrin biosynthesis. Then Oc4CL1, OcCHS2 and MsCHI from Medicago sativa, assembled as artificial gene clusters in different organizations, were used for fermentation production of (2S)-pinocembrin in E. coli. The absolute configuration of the resulting microbial pinocembrin at C-2 was assigned to be 2S-configured by combination of retention time, UV spectrum, LC–MS, NMR, optical rotation and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Improvement of (2S)-pinocembrin titres was then achieved by optimization of gene organizations, using of codon-optimized pathway enzymes and addition of cerulenin for increasing intracellular malonyl CoA pools. Overall, the optimized strain can produce (2S)-pinocembrin of 36.92 ± 4.1 mg/L. Conclusions High titre of (2S)-pinocembrin can be obtained from engineered E. coli by an efficient method. The fermentative production of microbial (2S)-pinocembrin in E. coli paved the way for yield improvement and further pharmacological testing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0424-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China. .,School of Medicine of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Li-Na Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Medicine of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yi-Ting Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Kong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products), Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Patel NK, Jaiswal G, Bhutani KK. A review on biological sources, chemistry and pharmacological activities of pinostrobin. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:2017-27. [PMID: 26653796 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1107556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Pinostrobin, a dietary bioflavonoid discovered more than 6 decades ago in the heart-wood of pine (Pinus strobus), has depicted many pharmacological activities including anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-leukaemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-aromatase activities. It is an inhibitor of sodium channel and Ca(2+) signalling pathways and also inhibits intestinal smooth muscle contractions. In spite of the fact that pinostrobin has an application as functional foods, till-to-date no comprehensive review on pinostrobin has been carried out. Hence, the present review deals with the biological sources, chemistry and pharmacological activities of pinostrobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K Patel
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
| | - Gaurav Jaiswal
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
| | - Kamlesh K Bhutani
- a Department of Natural Products , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Mohali , India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gómez-Betancur I, Cortés N, Benjumea D, Osorio E, León F, Cutler SJ. Antinociceptive activity of extracts and secondary metabolites from wild growing and micropropagated plants of Renealmia alpinia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 165:191-197. [PMID: 25686780 PMCID: PMC4465789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Renealmia alpinia is native to the American continent and can be found from Mexico to Brazil, and in the Caribbean islands. It is known as "matandrea" in Colombia, and it has been commonly used in traditional medicine to treat painful diseases and ailments. Based on its traditional uses, it is of interest to evaluate the pharmacologic effects of this plant and its secondary metabolites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanol and aqueous extracts of wild and micropropagated R. alpinia (leaves) were obtained and chemically compared by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The antinociceptive activity of these extracts was examined using an in vivo assay (Siegmund test). Additionally, the dichloromethane extract of R. alpinia was fractionated and pure compounds were isolated by chromatographic methods. The structure elucidation of isolated compounds was performed by NMR experiments and spectroscopic techniques and comparison with the literature data. Purified compounds were evaluated for their in vitro binding affinity for opioids and cannabinoids receptors. RESULTS The dichloromethane extract of the plant's aerial part afforded sinostrobin (1), naringenin 7,4'-dimethyl ether (2), 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (3), 4-methoxy-6-(2-phenylethenyl)-2H-pyran-2-one (4), naringenin 7-methyl ether (5) and 3,5-heptanediol, 1,7-diphenyl (6), which were isolated using chromatographic methods. Their chemical structures were established by physical and spectroscopic techniques. The antinociceptive effects observed in mice by extracts of wild and micropropagated plants were similar. The compounds isolated from R. alpinia do not show affinity to opioid or cannabinoid receptors. CONCLUSION Aqueous and methanol extracts of R. alpinia provide antinociceptive and analgesic effects in an in vivo model. These results contribute additional insight as to why this plant is traditionally used for pain management. Also, this is the first comprehensive report of a phytochemical study of R. alpinia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gómez-Betancur
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Natalie Cortés
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Dora Benjumea
- Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Química Farmacéutica, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco León
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Stephen J Cutler
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Balan T, Sani MHM, Mumtaz Ahmad SH, Suppaiah V, Mohtarrudin N, Zakaria ZA. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities contribute to the prophylactic effect of semi-purified fractions obtained from the crude methanol extract of Muntingia calabura leaves against gastric ulceration in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 164:1-15. [PMID: 25540923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional medicine, the leaves, flowers, barks and roots of Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) have been employed as a treatment for various ailments including dyspepsia and to relieve pain caused by gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The methanolic extract of Muntingia calabura leaves (MEMC) has been proven in the previous study to possess significant antiulcer activity. In this study, we attempted to determine the prophylactic effect of the fractions obtained from MEMC against ethanol-induced gastric lesion in rats and the involvement of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory mediators. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MEMC was fractionated with petroleum ether (PEF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and distilled water (AQF). These fractions were investigated for possible antiulcer property using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer rat model. The rats were administered orally once daily with 8% Tween 80 (control), 100mg/kg ranitidine, or the fractions, in the doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg, for 7 days, followed by ulcer induction using absolute ethanol. The rats were euthanized; macroscopic and histological observations of the stomach were done. The ulcer area (UA) was determined and the percentage protection afforded by the fractions was calculated. The fractions were subjected to antioxidant studies including the superoxide and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) assay. Involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory mediators such as lipoxygenase (LOX) and xanthine oxidase (XO) were evaluated. Phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis of the fractions were also conducted. RESULTS Pre-treatment of PEF and EAF significantly (p<0.001) attenuated the gastric lesions as compared to the control group in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, 100 and 250 mg/kg of AQF significantly (p<0.001) prevented the ulcer formation but at the highest dose (500 mg/kg), AQF failed to significantly reduce the ulcer formation, showing a dose-independent antiulcerative effect of AQF. The histological evaluation supported the observed gastroprotective activity of PEF, EAF and AQF. All the fractions showed high superoxide and DPPH scavenging activity, meanwhile the EAF showed highest TPC followed by PEF and AQF. These fractions also significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the NO while maintaining the viability of the cells. EAF exhibited high inhibition towards both the LOX and XO enzymes, meanwhile PEF and AQF exerted high LOX inhibition but low XO inhibition. Phytochemical screening and HPLC profiling suggested the presence of flavonoid- and tannin based compounds in PEF and EAF. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the prophylactic effect of the fractions on gastric ulceration in rats is associated with its high antioxidant activity and its ability to effectively inhibit the inflammation mediators. Presence of several flavonoids and gallic acid explains the effectiveness of the fractions in affording protection against gastric damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tavamani Balan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hijaz Mohd Sani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Salahuddin Haji Mumtaz Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Velan Suppaiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mahmood ND, Nasir NLM, Rofiee MS, Tohid SFM, Ching SM, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Zakaria ZA. Muntingia calabura: a review of its traditional uses, chemical properties, and pharmacological observations. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:1598-1623. [PMID: 25068675 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.908397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Different parts of Muntingia calabura L. (Elaeocarpaceae), or "kerukup siam" in Malay, have been reported to possess medicinal value, supported by a number of scientific studies. OBJECTIVE To gather all information related to the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical compositions, and pharmacological activities of M. calabura and present them as a comprehensive and systematic review article. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature has been retrieved from a number of databases (e.g., Pubmed, Science Direct, Springer Link, etc.). General web searches were also carried out using Google and Yahoo search engines by applying some related search terms (e.g., Muntingia calabura, phytochemical, pharmacological, extract, and traditional uses). The articles related to agriculture, ecology, and synthetic work and those using languages other than English or Malay have been excluded. The bibliographies of papers relating to the review subject were also searched for further relevant references. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The literature search conducted using the above-mentioned Internet search engines only lead to the identification of 36 journals published as early as 1987. From the articles reviewed, M. calabura possessed various pharmacological activities (e.g., cytotoxic, antinociceptive, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory), which supported the folklore claims and could be attributed to its phytoconstituents. CONCLUSION Muntingia calabura possesses remarkable medicinal value, which warrants further and in-depth studies. Therefore, this review paper is presented to help guide researchers to plan their future studies related to this plant in the hope of isolating potential leads for future drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N D Mahmood
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Kamisan FH, Yahya F, Kamarolzaman MFF, Nasir N, Mohtarrudin N, Tohid SFM, Zakaria ZA. Amelioration of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rat by the administration of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaves. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:695678. [PMID: 24868543 PMCID: PMC4017787 DOI: 10.1155/2014/695678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Muntingia calabura L. is a tropical plant species that belongs to the Elaeocarpaceae family. The present study is aimed at determining the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of M. calabura leaves (MEMC) using two models of liver injury in rats. Rats were divided into five groups (n=6) and received 10% DMSO (negative control), 50 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine (NAC; positive control), or MEMC (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg) orally once daily for 7 days and on the 8th day were subjected to the hepatotoxic induction using paracetamol (PCM). The blood and liver tissues were collected and subjected to biochemical and microscopical analysis. The extract was also subjected to antioxidant study using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-(DPPH) and superoxide anion-radical scavenging assays. At the same time, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and total phenolic content were also determined. From the histological observation, lymphocyte infiltration and marked necrosis were observed in PCM-treated groups (negative control), whereas maintenance of hepatic structure was observed in group pretreated with N-acetylcysteine and MEMC. Hepatotoxic rats pretreated with NAC or MEMC exhibited significant decrease (P<0.05) in ALT and AST enzymes level. Moreover, the extract also exhibited good antioxidant activity. In conclusion, MEMC exerts potential hepatoprotective activity that could be partly attributed to its antioxidant activity and, thus warrants further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Mahmood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. S. Mamat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F. H. Kamisan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - F. Yahya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. F. F. Kamarolzaman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. Nasir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. F. Md. Tohid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z. A. Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Integrative Pharmacogenomic Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Level 7, FF3 Building, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zakaria ZA, Sani MHM, Cheema MS, Kader AA, Kek TL, Salleh MZ. Antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of Muntingia calabura leaves: further elucidation of the possible mechanisms. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:63. [PMID: 24555641 PMCID: PMC3941974 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Muntingia calabura (Elaecoparceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used, particularly, by the Peruvian people to alleviate headache and cold, pain associated with gastric ulcers or to reduce the prostate gland swelling. Following the recent establishment of antinociceptive activity of M. calabura leaf, the present study was performed to further elucidate on the possible mechanisms of antinociception involved. Methods The methanol extract of M. calabura (MEMC) was prepared in the doses of 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The role of bradykinin, protein kinase C, pottasium channels, and various opioid and non-opioid receptors in modulating the extract’s antinociceptive activity was determined using several antinociceptive assays. Results are presented as Mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). The one-way ANOVA test with Dunnett's multiple comparison was used to analyze and compare the data, with P < 0.05 as the limit of significance. Results The MEMC, at all doses, demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in both the bradykinin- and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced nociception. Pretreatment of the 500 mg/kg MEMC with 10 mg/kg glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibitor), the antagonist of μ-, δ- and κ-opioid receptors (namely 10 mg/kg β-funaltrexamine, 1 mg/kg naltrindole and 1 mg/kg nor-binaltorphimine), and the non-opioid receptor antagonists (namely 3 mg/kg caffeine (a non-selective adenosinergic receptor antagonist), 0.15 mg/kg yohimbine (an α2-noradrenergic antagonist), and 1 mg/kg pindolol (a β-adrenoceptor antagonist)) significantly (p < 0.05) reversed the MEMC antinociception. However, 10 mg/kg atropine (a non-selective cholinergic receptor antagonist), 0.15 mg/kg prazosin (an α1-noradrenergic antagonist) and 20 mg/kg haloperidol (a non-selective dopaminergic antagonist) did not affect the extract's antinociception. The phytochemicals screening revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenes while the HPLC analysis showed the presence of flavonoid-based compounds. Conclusions The antinociceptive activity of MEMC involved activation of the non-selective opioid (particularly the μ-, δ- and κ-opioid) and non-opioid (particularly adenosinergic, α2-noradrenergic, and β-adrenergic) receptors, modulation of the ATP-sensitive K+ channel, and inhibition of bradikinin and protein kinase C actions. The discrepancies in MEMC antinociception could be due to the presence of various phytochemicals.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zakaria ZA, Balan T, Suppaiah V, Ahmad S, Jamaludin F. Mechanism(s) of action involved in the gastroprotective activity of Muntingia calabura. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1184-1193. [PMID: 24380736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) is locally known as kerukup siam. Its leaves, flowers, barks and roots have been used traditionally in East Asia and South America to treat various diseases including ulcer-related diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism(s) of gastroprotective effect of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura leaves (MEMC) using the pylorus ligation induced gastric ulceration in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five groups of rats (n=6) were administered orally once daily for 7 days with 8% Tween 80 (negative control), 100 mg/kg ranitidine (positive control), or MEMC (100, 250 or 500 mg/kg), followed by the ulcer induction via ligation of the pyloric part of the rat's stomach. This was followed by the macroscopic analysis of the stomach, evaluation of gastric content parameters, and quantification of mucus content. The antioxidant (measured using the superoxide anion and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and total phenolic content (TPC) assays), anti-inflammatory (evaluated using the in vitro lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase assays), phytoconstituents and HPLC analysis of MEMC were also carried out. RESULTS The MEMC significantly (p<0.05) reduced gastric lesion in this model. Furthermore, the extract also significantly (p<0.01) reduced the volume of gastric content whereas the total acidity was significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the doses of 100 and 500 mg/kg MEMC. Moreover, the mucus content increased significantly (p<0.01) in MEMC-treated rats. The extract also showed high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in all assays tested, and demonstrated the presence of high tannins and saponins followed by flavonoids. CONCLUSION The MEMC exerted gastroprotective effect via several mechanisms including the anti-secretory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These activities could be attributed to the presence of tannins, saponins and flavonoids (e.g. rutin, quercitrin, fisetin and dihydroquercetin).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Tavamani Balan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Velan Suppaiah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syahida Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fadzureena Jamaludin
- Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Eggler AL, Savinov SN. Chemical and biological mechanisms of phytochemical activation of Nrf2 and importance in disease prevention. RECENT ADVANCES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 43:121-155. [PMID: 26855455 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00581-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants are an incredibly rich source of compounds that activate the Nrf2 transcription factor, leading to upregulation of a battery of cytoprotective genes. This perspective surveys established and proposed molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 activation by phytochemicals with a special emphasis on a common chemical property of Nrf2 activators: the ability as "soft" electrophiles to modify cellular thiols, either directly or as oxidized biotransformants. In addition, the role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species as secondary messengers in Nrf2 activation is discussed. While the uniquely reactive C151 of Keap1, an Nrf2 repressor protein, is highlighted as a key target of cytoprotective phytochemicals, also reviewed are other stress-responsive proteins, including kinases, which play non-redundant roles in the activation of Nrf2 by plant-derived agents. Finally, the perspective presents two key factors accounting for the enhanced therapeutic windows of effective phytochemical activators of the Keap1-Nrf2 axis: enhanced selectivity toward sensor cysteines and reversibility of addition to thiolate molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimee L Eggler
- Department of Chemistry, Villanova University, 215a Mendel Science Hall, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085
| | - Sergey N Savinov
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Activity-Guided Isolation of Bioactive Constituents with Antinociceptive Activity from Muntingia calabura L. Leaves Using the Formalin Test. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:715074. [PMID: 24348716 PMCID: PMC3856150 DOI: 10.1155/2013/715074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Revised: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the antinociceptive potential of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. (MEMC) and to isolate and identify the bioactive compound(s) responsible for the observed antinociceptive activity. The MEMC and its partitions (petroleum ether (PEP), ethyl acetate (EAP), and aqueous (AQP) partitions), in the dose range of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg, were tested using the formalin-induced nociceptive test. The PEP, which exerted the most effective activity in the respective early and late phase, was further subjected to the fractionation procedures and yielded seven fractions (labelled A to G). These fractions were tested, at the dose of 300 mg/kg, together with distilled water or 10% DMSO (negative controls); morphine and aspirin (positive controls) for potential antinociceptive activity. Of all fractions, Fraction D showed the most significant antinociceptive activity, which is considered as equieffective to morphine or aspirin in the early or late phase, respectively. Further isolation and identification processes on fraction D led to the identification of three known and one new compounds, namely, 5-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (1), 3,7-dimethoxy-5-hydroyflavone (2), 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (3), and calaburone (4). At the dose of 50 mg/kg, compound 3 exhibited the highest percentage of antinociceptive activity in both phases of the formalin test. In conclusion, the antinociceptive activity of MEMC involved, partly, the synergistic activation of the flavonoid types of compounds.
Collapse
|
27
|
Balan T, Mohd Sani MH, Suppaiah V, Mohtarrudin N, Suhaili Z, Ahmad Z, Zakaria ZA. Antiulcer activity of Muntingia calabura leaves involves the modulation of endogenous nitric oxide and nonprotein sulfhydryl compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 52:410-418. [PMID: 24192248 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.839713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Context: Muntingia calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) is a native plant species of the American continent and is widely cultivated in warm areas in Asia, including Malaysia. The plant is traditionally used to relieve pain from gastric ulcers. Objective: This study was designed to determine the antiulcer activity of a methanol extract of M. calabura leaves (MEMC) and the possible mechanisms of action involved. Materials and methods: An acute toxicity study was conducted using a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg MEMC. The antiulcer activity of MEMC was evaluated in absolute ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat models. MEMC was administered orally (dose range 25-500 mg/kg) to rats fasted for 24 h. The animals were pretreated with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl esters (l-NAME) or N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) prior to MEMC treatment to assess the possible involvement of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) and nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) compounds in the gastroprotective effect of MEMC. Results: As the administered dose did not cause toxicity in the rats, the oral median lethal dose (LD50) of MEMC was >2000 mg/kg in rats. MEMC exerted significant (p < 0.001) gastroprotective activity in the ethanol- and indomethacin-induced ulcer models dose-dependently. Histological evaluation supported the observed antiulcer activity of MEMC. l-NAME and NEM pretreatment significantly (p < 0.05) reversed and abolished the gastroprotective effect of MEMC, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: The results obtained indicate that MEMC has significant antiulcer activity that might involve the participation of endogenous NO and NP-SH compounds. These findings provide new pharmacological information regarding the potential use of M. calabura.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li J, Pan L, Deng Y, Muñoz-Acuña U, Yuan C, Lai H, Chai H, Chagwedera TE, Farnsworth NR, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Li C, Soejarto DD, Kinghorn AD. Sphenostylisins A-K: bioactive modified isoflavonoid constituents of the root bark of Sphenostylis marginata ssp. erecta. J Org Chem 2013; 78:10166-77. [PMID: 24044416 DOI: 10.1021/jo401573h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sphenostylisins A-C (1-3), three complex dimeric compounds representing two novel carbon skeletons, along with an additional eight new compounds, sphenostylisins D-K (4-11), were isolated from the active chloroform-soluble extract of the root bark of Sphenostylis marginata ssp. erecta using a bioactivity-guided isolation approach. The structures were elucidated by means of detailed spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and HRESIMS analysis, and tandem MS fragmentation was utilized to further support the structures of 1-3. The absolute configuration of sphenostylisin C (3) was established by electronic circular dichroism analysis. Plausible biogenetic relationships between the modified isoflavonoids 1-11 are proposed, and a cyclization reaction of 9 was conducted to support one of the biogenetic proposals made. All of these pure isolates were evaluated against a panel of in vitro bioassays, and among the results obtained, sphenostylisin A (1) was found to be a very potent NF-κB inhibitor (IC50 = 6 nM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University , 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen JJ, Lin RW, Duh CY, Huang HY, Chen IS. Flavones and Cytotoxic Constituents from the Stem Bark ofMuntingia Calabura. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200400100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
30
|
Sufian AS, Ramasamy K, Ahmat N, Zakaria ZA, Yusof MIM. Isolation and identification of antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 146:198-204. [PMID: 23276785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Muntingia calabura (Elaeocarpaceae) is one of the most common roadside trees in Malaysia. Its leaves, barks, flowers and roots have been used as a folk remedy for the treatment of fever, incipient cold, liver disease, as well as an antiseptic agent in Southeast Asia. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities were determined by micro-broth dilution and MTT assays, respectively. Seven fractions (F1-F7), three flavones and a chalcone were isolated from the active EtOAc extract using bioassay-guided screening. The structures of four compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and compared with published data. The compounds were further tested for their antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. RESULTS Three flavones and a chalcone [5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone (1), 2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (2), 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (3) and 3,5,7-trihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone (4)] were isolated from the active fraction F5 of EtOAc extract. Compounds 1 and 3 were isolated for the first time from Muntingia calabura L. Antibacterial activity indicates that compound 2 exhibited the most significant activity with MIC value of 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL against MSSA and MRSA, respectively. Cytotoxic activity indicates that compounds 2 and 3 exhibited very strong activity against HL60 with IC50 values of 3.43 μg/mL and 3.34 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION The antibacterial activity of the leaves of Muntingia calabura L. is ascribable to the active compound 2 while the cytotoxic activity is ascribable to the active compounds 2 and 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adila S Sufian
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Kuala Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sibi G, Naveen R, Dhananjaya K, Ravikumar K, Mallesha H. Potential use of Muntingia calabura L. extracts against human and plant pathogens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5530/pj.2012.34.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Li J, Deng Y, Yuan C, Pan L, Chai H, Keller WJ, Kinghorn AD. Antioxidant and quinone reductase-inducing constituents of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) fruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:11551-11559. [PMID: 23131110 DOI: 10.1021/jf303712e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Using in vitro hydroxyl radical-scavenging and quinone reductase-inducing assays, bioactivity-guided fractionation of an ethyl acetate-soluble extract of the fruits of the botanical dietary supplement, black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa), led to the isolation of 27 compounds, including a new depside, ethyl 2-[(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl] acetate (1), along with 26 known compounds (2-27). The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by analysis of their physical and spectroscopic data ([α](D), NMR, IR, UV, and MS). Altogether, 17 compounds (1-4, 9, 15-17, and 19-27) showed significant antioxidant activity in the hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay, with hyperin (24, ED(50) = 0.17 μM) being the most potent. The new compound (1, ED(50) = 0.44 μM) also exhibited potent antioxidant activity in this assay. Three constituents of black chokeberry fruits doubled quinone reductase activity at concentrations <20 μM, namely, protocatechuic acid [9, concentration required to double quinone reductase activity (CD) = 4.3 μM], neochlorogenic acid methyl ester (22, CD = 6.7 μM), and quercetin (23, CD = 3.1 μM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Antinociceptive Activity of Methanol Extract of Muntingia calabura Leaves and the Mechanisms of Action Involved. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:890361. [PMID: 22611437 PMCID: PMC3351243 DOI: 10.1155/2012/890361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Muntingia calabura L. (family Elaeocarpaceae) has been traditionally used to relieve various pain-related ailments. The present study aimed to determine the antinociceptive activity of methanol extract of M. calabura leaves (MEMC) and to elucidate the possible mechanism of antinociception involved. The in vivo chemicals (acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-, capsaicin-, glutamate-, serotonin-induced paw licking test) and thermal (hot plate test) models of nociception were used to evaluate the extract antinociceptive activity. The extract (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered orally 60 min prior to subjection to the respective test. The results obtained demonstrated that MEMC produced significant (P < 0.05) antinociceptive response in all the chemical- and thermal-induced nociception models, which was reversed after pretreatment with 5 mg/kg naloxone, a non-selective opioid antagonist. Furthermore, pretreatment with L-arginine (a nitric oxide (NO) donor), N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl esters (L-NAME; an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS)), methylene blue (MB; an inhibitor of cyclic-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway), or their combination also caused significant (P < 0.05) change in the intensity of the MEMC antinociception. In conclusion, the MEMC antinociceptive activity involves activation of the peripheral and central mechanisms, and modulation via, partly, the opioid receptors and NO/cGMP pathway.
Collapse
|
34
|
Zakaria ZA, Mohamed AM, Jamil NSM, Rofiee MS, Hussain MK, Sulaiman MR, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. In VitroAntiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts ofMuntingia calaburaLeaves. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 39:183-200. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x11008749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the aqueous, chloroform and methanol extracts of Muntingia calabura leaves were determined in the present study. Assessed using the 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay, the aqueous and methanol extracts of M. calabura inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HT-29, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells while the chloroform extract only inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, HeLa, HL-60 and K-562 cancer cells. Interestingly, all extracts of M. calabura, which failed to inhibit the MDA-MB-231 cells proliferation, did not inhibit the proliferation of 3T3 (normal) cells, indicating its safety. All extracts (20, 100 and 500 μg/ml) were found to possess antioxidant activity when tested using the DPPH radical scavenging and superoxide scavenging assays with the methanol, followed by the aqueous and chloroform, extract exhibiting the highest antioxidant activity in both assays. The total phenolic content for the aqueous, methanol and chloroform extracts were 2970.4 ± 6.6, 1279.9 ± 6.1 and 2978.1 ± 4.3 mg/100 g gallic acid, respectively. In conclusion, the M. calabura leaves possess potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities that could be attributed to its high content of phenolic compounds, and thus, needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z. A. Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A. M. Mohamed
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Universiti Industri Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. S. Mohd. Jamil
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Universiti Industri Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. S. Rofiee
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Universiti Industri Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. K. Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. R. Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - L. K. Teh
- Pharmacogenomics Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. Z. Salleh
- Pharmacogenomics Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Allard PM, Dau ETH, Eydoux C, Guillemot JC, Dumontet V, Poullain C, Canard B, Guéritte F, Litaudon M. Alkylated flavanones from the bark of Cryptocarya chartacea as dengue virus NS5 polymerase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:2446-2453. [PMID: 22050318 DOI: 10.1021/np200715v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An in vitro screening of New Caledonian plants allowed the selection of several species with a significant dengue virus NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibiting activity. The chemical investigation of Cryptocarya chartacea led to the isolation of a series of new mono- and dialkylated flavanones named chartaceones A-F (1-6), along with pinocembrin. They were isolated as racemic mixtures and characterized using extensive one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Four diastereomers of chartaceone A (1) were separated using chiral HPLC, and their absolute configurations were established by comparison of their experimental and calculated ECD spectra. The dialkylated flavanones, chartaceones C-F (3-6), exhibited the most significant NS5 RdRp inhibiting activity, with IC(50) ranging from 1.8 to 4.2 μM. Chartaceones represent a new class of non-nucleosidic inhibitors of the DENV NS5 RdRp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Marie Allard
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chiari ME, Vera DMA, Palacios SM, Carpinella MC. Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of a 6-isoprenoid-substituted flavanone isolated from Dalea elegans. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3474-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
37
|
Shih CD. Activation of nitric oxide/cGMP/PKG signaling cascade mediates antihypertensive effects of Muntingia calabura in anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2010; 37:1045-58. [PMID: 19938215 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x0900748x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that the leaf extract of Muntingia calabura L. (Tiliaceae) exerts a potent hypotensive effect in the normotensive rats. The antihypertensive activity of this plant extract, however, is currently unknown. In the present study, we investigated the antihypertensive effects of the n-butanol soluble fraction (BSF) from methanol leaf extract of M. calabura in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and delineated is underlying mechanisms. The intravenous bolus administration of the BSF (10-100 mg/kg) of M. calabura produced biphasic dose-related antihypertensive and bradycardiac effects in SHR. The BSF-induced initial cardiovascular depressive effects lasted for 10 min, and the delayed effects commenced 40 min and lasted for at least 120 min postinjection. These cardiovascular depressive effects of BSF treatments were greater in SHR than in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Both the initial and delayed antihypertensive and bradycardiac effects of BSF (25 mg/kg, i.v.) in SHR, were significantly blocked by pretreatment with a nonselective nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibitor, a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, or a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor. Moreover, the initial effects of BSF in SHR were inhibited by pretreatment with a selective endothelial NOS (eNOS) inhibitor; whereas the delayed effects were attenuated by a selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor. These results indicate that the BSF from the leaf of M. calabura elicited both transient and delayed antihypertensive and bradycardiac actions in SHR, which might be mediated through NO generated respectively by eNOS and iNOS. Furthermore, activation of sGC/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway may participate in the M. calabura-induced biphasic cardiovascular effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Dean Shih
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Shih CD, Chen JJ, Lee HH. Activation of nitric oxide signaling pathway mediates hypotensive effect of Muntingia calabura L. (Tiliaceae) leaf extract. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2010; 34:857-72. [PMID: 17080550 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x0600434x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The cardiovascular effect of the crude methanol extract from the leaf of Muntingia calabura L. (Tiliaceae) was investigated in the anesthetized rats. The crude methanol extract was sequentially fractionated to obtain the water-soluble extract (WSE). Intravenous administration of the WSE (10, 25, 50, 75 or 100 mg/kg) produced an initial followed by a delayed decrease in systemic arterial pressure (SAP) in a dose-dependent manner. The M. calabura-induced initial hypotension lasted for 10 min and the delayed depressor effect commenced after 90 min and lasted for at least 180 min post-injection. The same treatment, on the other hand, had no appreciable effect on heart rate (HR) or the blood gas/electrolytes concentrations. Both the initial and delayed hypotensive effects of WSE (50 mg/kg, i.v.) were significantly blocked by pre-treatment with a nonselective nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester ((L)-NAME, 0.325 mg/kg/min for 5 min) or a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitor, 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazole[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 0.2 mg/kg/min for 5 min). Moreover, whereas the initial depressor effect of WSE was inhibited by pre-treatment with a selective endothelial NOS (eNOS) inhibitor, N5-(1-Iminoethyl)-L-ornithine ((L)-NIO, 1 mg/kg/min for 5 min), the delayed hypotension was attenuated by a selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor, S-methylisothiourea (SMT, 0.5 mg/kg/min for 5 min). Administration of WSE also produced an elevation in plasma nitrate/nitrite concentration, as well as an increase in the expression of iNOS protein in the heart and thoracic aorta. These results indicate that WSE from the leaf of M. calabura elicited both a transient and delayed hypotensive effect via the production of NO. Furthermore, activation of NO/sGC/cGMP signaling pathway may mediate the M. calabura-induced hypotension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Dean Shih
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, ROC.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Poerwono H, Sasaki S, Hattori Y, Higashiyama K. Efficient microwave-assisted prenylation of pinostrobin and biological evaluation of its derivatives as antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2086-9. [PMID: 20219370 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pinostrobin (5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone) obtained in relatively large amounts from fingerroot (Boesenbergia pandurata) was converted to its C-6 and C-8 prenylated derivatives. The Mitsunobu reaction, europium(III)-catalyzed Claisen-Cope rearrangement, and Claisen reaction coupled with cross-metathesis were used as the key steps. Using a sealed-vessel microwave reactor, the Mitsunobu and Claisen/Cope reactions occurred smoothly with short reaction times and in satisfactory yields. The target compounds and five new intermediary substances showed cytotoxic activity toward SK-BR-3, MCF-7, PC-3, and Colo-320DM human tumor cell lines, and all of them had significantly lower IC(50) (microM) values than pinostrobin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Poerwono
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jalan Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mativandlela SPN, Muthivhi T, Kikuchi H, Oshima Y, Hamilton C, Hussein AA, van der Walt ML, Houghton PJ, Lall N. Antimycobacterial flavonoids from the leaf extract of Galenia africana. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:2169-2171. [PMID: 20035557 DOI: 10.1021/np800778b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract of the leaves of Galenia africana led to the isolation of three known flavonoids, (2S)-5,7,2'-trihydroxyflavanone (1), (E)-3,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone (2), and (E)-2',4'-dihydroxychalcone (3), and the new (E)-3,2',4'-trihydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (4). Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited moderate antituberculosis activity. During synergistic studies, a combination of compound 4 and an existing antituberculosis drug, isoniazid, reduced their original MICs 4-fold, resulting in a fractional inhibitory concentration of 0.50. The most pronounced effect was demonstrated by compound 1 and isoniazid reducing their MICs 16-fold and resulting in an FIC of 0.12. Both EtOH extract and isolated compounds failed to exhibit any NADPH oxidase activity at 800.0 muM concentrations, indicating that mycothiol disulfide reductase is not the target for their antituberculosis activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sannah P N Mativandlela
- South African Medical Research Council, TB Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, South African National Blood Service, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wennberg T, Kreander K, Lähdevuori M, Vuorela H, Vuorela P. Primary Screening of Natural Products Using Micro Fractionation Combined with a Bioassay. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-200028419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terro Wennberg
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy , University of Helsinki , Viikinkaari 5 E, Helsinki , FIN‐00014 , Finland
| | - Kari Kreander
- b Faculty of Pharmacy, Viikki Drug Discovery Technology Center , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Mikko Lähdevuori
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy , University of Helsinki , Viikinkaari 5 E, Helsinki , FIN‐00014 , Finland
| | - Heikki Vuorela
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy , University of Helsinki , Viikinkaari 5 E, Helsinki , FIN‐00014 , Finland
| | - Pia Vuorela
- b Faculty of Pharmacy, Viikki Drug Discovery Technology Center , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rodríguez-Ramos F, Navarrete A. Solving the confusion of gnaphaliin structure: gnaphaliin A and gnaphaliin B identified as active principles of Gnaphalium liebmannii with tracheal smooth muscle relaxant properties. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1061-1064. [PMID: 19505084 DOI: 10.1021/np800746j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflorescences of Gnaphalium liebmannii, commonly known as "Gordolobo", is the most important remedy in Mexican traditional medicine to treat respiratory diseases, including asthma. By a bioguided fractionation of the n-hexane extract of this plant, following the relaxant effect on guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the flavones 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8-dimethoxyflavone (1) and 3,5-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavone (2) were identified as the active relaxant compounds. Compounds 1 and 2 showed more potent relaxant properties than aminophylline in this model. Both 1 and 2 have been described as gnaphaliin in the past; here EIMS data, NMR experiments for both compounds, and X-ray diffraction analysis for 1 provided structural information to suggest that 1 and 2 should be named gnaphaliins A and B, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodríguez-Ramos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria Coyoacán, México DF, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Azuma T, Tanaka Y, Kikuzaki H. Phenolic glycosides from Kaempferia parviflora. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:2743-2748. [PMID: 18922550 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2008] [Revised: 08/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three phenolic glycosides were isolated together with two known flavonol glycosides from the H2O-soluble fraction of rhizomes of Kaempferia parviflora. Their structures were determined to be rel-(5aS,10bS)-5a,10b-dihydro-1,3,5a,9-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxy-6H-benz[b]indeno[1,2-d]furan-6-one 5a-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside] (1), its rel-5aS,10bR isomer (2), and (2R,3S,4S)-3-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-3'-O-methyl-ent-epicatechin-(2alpha-->O-->3,4alpha-->4)-(5aS,10bS)-5a,10b-dihydro-1,3,5a,9-tetrahydroxy-8-methoxy-6H-benz[b]indeno[1,2-d]furan-6-one 5a-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside] (3). The structures were elucidated on the basis of analyses of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Azuma
- Division of Food and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
Chin YW, Jung HA, Chai H, Keller WJ, Kinghorn AD. Xanthones with quinone reductase-inducing activity from the fruits of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:754-8. [PMID: 17991497 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 09/05/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of a dichloromethane-soluble extract of Garcinia mangostana fruits has led to the isolation and identification of five compounds, including two xanthones, 1,2-dihydro-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (1) and 6-deoxy-7-demethylmangostanin (2), along with three known compounds, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (3), mangostanin (4), and alpha-mangostin (5). The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined from analysis of their spectroscopic data. All isolated compounds in the present study together with eleven other compounds previously isolated from the pericarp of mangosteen, were tested in an in vitro quinone reductase-induction assay using murine hepatoma cells (Hepa 1c1c7) and an in vitro hydroxyl radical antioxidant assay. Of these, compounds 1-4 induced quinone reductase (concentration to double enzyme induction, 0.68-2.2microg/mL) in Hepa 1c1c7 cells and gamma-mangostin (6) exhibited hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity (IC50, 0.20microg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Won Chin
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shrestha SP, Amano Y, Narukawa Y, Takeda T. Nitric oxide production inhibitory activity of flavonoids contained in trunk exudates of Dalbergia sissoo. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:98-101. [PMID: 18154272 DOI: 10.1021/np070478h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Methanolic extracts of trunk exudates of Dalbergia sissoo yielded two new open-chain neoflavonoids (1, 2), a new flavonoid (3), a new flavanone (4), and 26 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses. The ability of the isolated compounds to prevent nitric oxide (NO) production by LPS-stimulated J774.1 cells was also studied. All of the isolated compounds except 4, formononetin, and zenognosin B exhibited significant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Compounds 2 and 3 were among the most potent NO production inhibitors, with IC50 values of 3.19 and 6.22 microM, respectively, and compound 1 had an IC50 of 31.6 microM.
Collapse
|
47
|
Dittmer C, Raabe G, Hintermann L. Asymmetric Cyclization of 2′-Hydroxychalcones to Flavanones: Catalysis by Chiral Brønsted Acids and Bases. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
48
|
Deng Y, Chin YW, Chai H, Keller WJ, Kinghorn AD. Anthraquinones with quinone reductase-inducing activity and benzophenones from Morinda citrifolia (noni) roots. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:2049-2052. [PMID: 18076142 DOI: 10.1021/np070501z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two new benzophenones, morintrifolins A ( 1) and B ( 2), together with 14 known anthraquinones and four other known compounds, were isolated from a chloroform-soluble extract of Morinda citrifolia roots. Of the isolated compounds, four known anthraquinones, namely, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone ( 3), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone ( 4), 2-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone ( 5), and 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone ( 6), exhibited quinone reductase (QR)- inducing activity in Hepa lclc7 cells, with concentrations required to double QR activity of 12.0, 8.1, 0.94, and 0.56 microM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Deng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zakaria ZA, Nor Hazalin NAM, Zaid SNHM, Ghani MA, Hassan MH, Gopalan HK, Sulaiman MR. Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of Muntingia calabura aqueous extract in animal models. J Nat Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-007-0167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
50
|
Zakaria ZA, Kumar GH, Zaid SNHM, Ghani MA, Hassan MH, Hazalin NAMN, Khamis MM, Devi GR, Sulaiman MR. Analgesic and antipyretic actions of Muntingia calabura leaves chloroform extract in animal models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.3742/opem.2007.7.1.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|