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Zhang J, Zhao F, Li C, Ban X, Gu Z, Li Z. Acceleration mechanism of the rehydration process of dried rice noodles by the porous structure. Food Chem 2024; 431:137050. [PMID: 37573750 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Rehydration of dried rice noodles (DRNs) is a time-consuming process, which is dominated by the compactness of noodle structure. Therefore, DRNs with differentiated porous structures were prepared, and their effect on the rehydration process was investigated. Porous structure can shorten rehydration time by reducing the time needed for water to migrate into the noodle core, or the water amount required for rehydration. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that although larger pores facilitate absorbing more water, the time for water to migrate into the noodle center is longer than that of medium size pores, as water needs to fill the periphery large hole before inward migration. SAXS analysis demonstrated that the presence of flexible starch molecular chains reduce the water required to achieve the maximum tensile strain of samples, thus shortening the rehydration time. Understanding the acceleration mechanism of porous structure on rehydration contributes to designing improved process of instant noodle products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, Liuzhou Institute of Technology, Liuzhou 545616, China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Caiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ban
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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2
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Mao Y, Shi J, Cai L, Hwang W, Shi YC. Microstructures of Starch Granules with Different Amylose Contents and Allomorphs as Revealed by Scattering Techniques. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1980-1993. [PMID: 36716424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, as-is (ca. 12% moisture by mass) and hydrated (50% water by mass) granules of waxy potato (WP), waxy wheat (WW), waxy maize, normal maize, and high-amylose maize (HAM) starches were investigated by using small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS and SAXS), wide-angle X-ray scattering, and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering. The SANS and SAXS data were fitted using the two-phase stacking model of alternating crystalline and amorphous layers. The partial crystalline lamellar structures inside the growth rings of granules were analyzed based on the inter-lamellar distances, thicknesses of the crystalline lamellae and amorphous layers, thickness polydispersities, and water content in each type of layer. Despite having a longer average chain length of amylopectin, the WP and HAM starches, which had B-type allomorph, had a shorter inter-lamellar distance than the other three starches with A-type allomorph. The WP starch had the most uniform crystalline lamellar thickness. After hydration, the amorphous layers were expanded, resulting in an increase of inter-layer distance. The low-angle intensity upturn in SANS and SAXS was attributed to scattering from interfaces/surfaces of larger structures, such as growth rings and macroscopic granule surfaces. Data analysis methods based on model fitting and 1D correlation function were compared. The study emphasized─owing to inherent packing disorder inside granules─that a comprehensive analysis of different parameters was essential in correlating the microstructures with starch properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States.,NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland20899, United States
| | - Jialiang Shi
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas66506, United States
| | - Liming Cai
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas66506, United States
| | - Wonseok Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States
| | - Yong-Cheng Shi
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas66506, United States
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3
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Wang T, Zhang W, Wang T, Zhang H, Feng W, Wang R. Enhancing the stability of oil-in-water emulsions by synergistic interplay between binary protein particles and starch nanocrystals. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Supermolecular structures of recrystallized starches with amylopectin side chains modified by amylosucrase to different chain lengths. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Smith GN. An alternative analysis of contrast-variation neutron scattering data of casein micelles in semi-deuterated milk. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:5. [PMID: 33590354 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS) is an excellent way to determine the structure of complex, hierarchical colloids, including self-assembled biological systems. In these experiments, the scattering length density of solvents is changed (by varying the ratio of water or [Formula: see text] and heavy water or [Formula: see text]) to highlight or mask scattering from different components in the system. This approach has been used with synthetic colloids, but it is also increasingly being used in the biological and food sciences. Perhaps the most studied food colloid is the "casein micelle," a self-assembled nanometer-scale colloid of the structure-forming casein protein in milk. CV-SANS data available in the literature are typically analyzed using approximations, which may be invalid for casein micelles, as they have been shown to be sticky spheres. To assess the applicability of this approximate approach, a comprehensive set of CV-SANS data from casein micelles in diluted milk was reanalyzed using a model-based approach, where the casein micelles were formally treated as interacting spheres. In general, the conclusions of the previous study are reproduced, but this new approach makes it more straightforward to distinguish the different components in milk and can be applied to any dairy sample with known form of interparticle interactions, which offers the possibility of studying semi-deuterated milk at its native concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory N Smith
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK.
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6
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Structural transformations at different organizational levels of ethanol-treated starch during heating. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:1131-1139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Vasilyev G, Vilensky R, Zussman E. The ternary system amylose-amylopectin-formic acid as precursor for electrospun fibers with tunable mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 214:186-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Wang Y, Su Q, Wang H, Zhao X, Liang S. Molded environment-friendly flame-retardant foaming material with high strength based on corn starch modified by crosslinking and grafting. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province; College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University; Lanzhou 730030 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Su
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province; College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University; Lanzhou 730030 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province; College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University; Lanzhou 730030 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province; College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University; Lanzhou 730030 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in Universities of Gansu Province; College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University; Lanzhou 730030 People's Republic of China
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9
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Meimoun J, Wiatz V, Saint-Loup R, Parcq J, Favrelle A, Bonnet F, Zinck P. Modification of starch by graft copolymerization. STARCH-STARKE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Meimoun
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; Lille France
- Institut Français des Matériaux Agro-Sourcés; Villeneuve-d'Ascq France
| | | | | | | | - Audrey Favrelle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; Lille France
| | - Fanny Bonnet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; Lille France
| | - Philippe Zinck
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois; UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide; Lille France
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10
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Infusion of catechin into native corn starch granules for drug and nutrient delivery systems. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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11
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Alamri M, Hussain S, Mohamed A, Al-Ruquie I, Qasem A. Effect of urea and sodium chloride on the pasting properties and gelatinisation kinetics of corn starch. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2015. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2014.0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.S. Alamri
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Hussain
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. Mohamed
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - I.M. Al-Ruquie
- King Abdelaziz for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A.A.A. Qasem
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Malumba P, Odjo S, Boudry C, Danthine S, Bindelle J, Beckers Y, Béra F. Physicochemical characterization and in vitro assessment of the nutritive value of starch yield from corn dried at different temperatures. STARCH-STARKE 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Malumba
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Laboratory of Food Process Engineering; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
- Department of Chemistry and Agricultural Industry; University of Kinshasa; Kinshasa
| | - Sylvanus Odjo
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Laboratory of Food Process Engineering; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Christelle Boudry
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Animal Science Unit; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Sabine Danthine
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Food Science and Formulation Unit; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Animal Science Unit; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
| | - Yves Beckers
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Animal Science Unit; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
| | - François Béra
- Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Laboratory of Food Process Engineering; University of Liège; Gembloux Belgium
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13
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Nagy G, Kovács L, Ünnep R, Zsiros O, Almásy L, Rosta L, Timmins P, Peters J, Posselt D, Garab G. Kinetics of structural reorganizations in multilamellar photosynthetic membranes monitored by small-angle neutron scattering. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2013; 36:69. [PMID: 23839900 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the power of time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering experiments for the investigation of the structure and structural reorganizations of multilamellar photosynthetic membranes. In addition to briefly summarizing our results on thylakoid membranes isolated from higher plants and in unicellular organisms, we discuss the advantages and technical and methodological limitations of time-resolved SANS. We present a detailed and more systematical investigation of the kinetics of light-induced structural reorganizations in isolated spinach thylakoid membranes, which show how changes in the repeat distance and in the long-range order of the multilamellar membranes can be followed with a time resolution of seconds. We also present data from comparative measurements performed on thylakoid membranes isolated from tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Nagy
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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14
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Gilbert RG, Witt T, Hasjim J. What Is Being Learned About Starch Properties from Multiple-Level Characterization. Cereal Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-11-12-0141-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Gilbert
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Corresponding author. Phone: +61 7 3365 4809. Fax: +61 7 3365 1188. E-mail:
| | - Torsten Witt
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jovin Hasjim
- The University of Queensland, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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15
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Wu AC, Witt T, Gilbert RG. Characterization Methods for Starch-Based Materials: State of the Art and Perspectives. Aust J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/ch13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Improving starch-containing materials, whether food, animal feed, high-tech biomaterials, or engineering plastics, is best done by understanding how biosynthetic processes and any subsequent processing control starch structure, and how this structure controls functional properties. Starch structural characterization is central to this. This review examines how information on the three basic levels of the complex multi-scale structure of starch – individual chains, the branching structure of isolated molecules, and the way these molecules form various crystalline and amorphous arrangements – can be obtained from experiment. The techniques include fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis, multiple-detector size-exclusion chromatography, and various scattering techniques (light, X-ray, and neutron). Some examples are also given to show how these data provide mechanistic insight into how biosynthetic processes control the structure and how the various structural levels control functional properties.
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16
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Shrestha AK, Blazek J, Flanagan BM, Dhital S, Larroque O, Morell MK, Gilbert EP, Gidley MJ. Molecular, mesoscopic and microscopic structure evolution during amylase digestion of maize starch granules. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Blazek J, Gilbert EP. Application of small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering techniques to the characterisation of starch structure: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Blazek J, Gilbert EP. Effect of Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Native Starch Granule Structure. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:3275-89. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101124t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Blazek
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Elliot Paul Gilbert
- Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
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19
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Kolz J, Yarovoy Y, Mitchell J, Johns M, Gladden L. Interactions of binary liquid mixtures with polysaccharides studied using multi-dimensional NMR relaxation time measurements. POLYMER 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Lopez-Rubio A, Gilbert EP. Neutron scattering: a natural tool for food science and technology research. Trends Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Gebhardt R, Hanfland M, Mezouar M, Riekel C. High-Pressure Potato Starch Granule Gelatinization: Synchrotron Radiation Micro-SAXS/WAXS Using a Diamond Anvil Cell. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:2092-7. [PMID: 17550289 DOI: 10.1021/bm070156s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Potato starch granules have been examined by synchrotron radiation small- and wide-angle scattering in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to 750 MPa. Use of a 1 microm synchrotron radiation beam allowed the mapping of individual granules at several pressure levels. The data collected at 183 MPa show an increase in the a axis and lamellar period from the edge to the center of the granule, probably due to a gradient in water content of the crystalline and amorphous lamellae. The average granules radius increases up to the onset of gelatinization at about 500 MPa, but the a axis and the lamellar periodicity remain constant or even show a decrease, suggesting an initial hydration of amorphous growth rings. The onset of gelatinization is accompanied by (i) an increase in the average a axis and lamellar periodicity, (ii) the appearance of an equatorial SAXS streak, and (iii) additional short-range order peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gebhardt
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble Cedex, France
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22
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Tan I, Flanagan BM, Halley PJ, Whittaker AK, Gidley MJ. A Method for Estimating the Nature and Relative Proportions of Amorphous, Single, and Double-Helical Components in Starch Granules by 13C CP/MAS NMR. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:885-91. [PMID: 17266368 DOI: 10.1021/bm060988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An improved method to analyze the (13)C NMR spectra of native starches, which considers the contribution of the V-type conformation and the nature of the amorphous component, has been developed. Starch spectra are separated into amorphous and ordered subspectra, using intensity at 84 ppm as a reference point. The ordered subspectra of high amylose starches show the presence of both V-type single helices and B-type double helices. Relative proportions of amorphous, single, and double-helical conformations are estimated by apportioning intensity of C1 peak areas between conformational types on the basis of ordered and amorphous subspectra of the native starch. Quantitative analysis shows that the V-type single-helical component increases with amylose content of starches. Different amorphous subspectra are needed to provide a consistent analysis of granular starches from diverse sources. The method of preparation was found to be more important than the starch botanical origin in determining (13)C NMR spectral features of amorphous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihwa Tan
- Centre for High Performance Polymers, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
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24
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Sapede D, Seydel T, Forsyth VT, Koza MM, Schweins R, Vollrath F, Riekel C. Nanofibrillar Structure and Molecular Mobility in Spider Dragline Silk. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0507995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sapede
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - T. Seydel
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - V. T. Forsyth
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - M. M. Koza
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - R. Schweins
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - F. Vollrath
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
| | - C. Riekel
- Institut Max von Laue-Paul Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble, France; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, U.K.; and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University Medical School, ST4 7QB, U.K
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Girardeau TE, Zhao T, Leisen J, Beckham HW, Bucknall DG. Solid Inclusion Complexes of α-Cyclodextrin and Perdeuterated Poly(oxyethylene). Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma048756w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom E. Girardeau
- School of Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- School of Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295
| | - Johannes Leisen
- School of Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295
| | - Haskell W. Beckham
- School of Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295
| | - David G. Bucknall
- Department of Materials, Oxford University, Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
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Pikus S, Olszewska E, Bęcal M. Investigation of the staling process of bread using the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Väänänen T, Ikonen T, Jokela K, Serimaa R, Pietilä L, Pehu E. X-ray scattering study on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars during winter storage. Carbohydr Polym 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2003.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tang H, Hills BP. Use of (13)c MAS NMR to study domain structure and dynamics of polysaccharides in the native starch granules. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4:1269-76. [PMID: 12959594 DOI: 10.1021/bm0340772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the domain structure and dynamics of polysaccharides in the native starch granules, a variety of high resolution, solid-state (13)C NMR techniques have been applied to all three (A-, B-, and C-) types of starch with different water content. Both single-pulse-excitation magic-angle-spinning (SPEMAS) and cross-polarization-magic-angle-spinning (CPMAS) methods have been employed together with the PRISE (proton relaxation induced spectral-editing) techniques to distinguish polysaccharide fractions in different domains and having distinct dynamics. It has been found that, for all three types of dry starch granules, there are two sets of NMR signals corresponding to two distinct ordered polysaccharides. Hydration leads to substantial mobilization of the polysaccharides in the amorphous regions, but no fundamental changes in the rigidity of the polysaccharides in the crystalline (double) helices. Full hydration also leads to limited mobility changes to the polysaccharides in the amorphous lamellae (branching zone) within the amylopectin clusters and in the gaps between the arrays of the amylopectin clusters. Under magic-angle spinning, proton relaxation-time measurements showed a single component for T(1), two components for T(1rho), and three components for T(2). PRISE experiments permitted the neat separation of the (13)C resonances of polysaccharides in the crystalline lamellae from those in the amorphous lamellae and the amylose in the gaps between amylopectin clusters. It has been found that the long (1)H T(1rho) component ( approximately 30 ms) is associated with polysaccharides in the crystalline lamellae in the form of double helices, whereas the short T(1rho) component (2-4 ms) is associated with amylose in the gaps between amylopectin clusters. The short (1)H T(2) component ( approximately 14 micros) is associated with polysaccharides in the crystalline lamellae; the intermediate component (300-400 micros) is associated with polysaccharides in the amorphous lamellae and amylose in the gaps between amylopectin clusters. The long T(2) component is associated with both mobile starch protons and the residue water protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Tang
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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29
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Daniels DR, Donald AM. An improved model for analyzing the small angle x-ray scattering of starch granules. Biopolymers 2003; 69:165-75. [PMID: 12767120 DOI: 10.1002/bip.10341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The structure of starch was studied using small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The scattering data was modeled by considering a finite stack of alternating lamellae that are allowed to fluctuate both along the layer repeat direction and along the transverse layer direction. Analysis in this way of the SAXS data from starch allowed fresh insights into the native structure of several starch species, particularly potato starch. The novel model presented in this work was able to capture the experimentally observed SAXS patterns much better than previous models, which did not incorporate transverse layer fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Daniels
- Polymers and Colloids Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
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30
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Ridout M, Gunning A, Parker M, Wilson R, Morris V. Using AFM to image the internal structure of starch granules. Carbohydr Polym 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(02)00021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Wang D, Lal J, Moses D, Bazan GC, Heeger AJ. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies of a conjugated polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)01151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Paris M, Bizot H, Emery J, Buzaré JY, Buléon A. NMR local range investigations in amorphous starchy substrates: II-Dynamical heterogeneity probed by (1)H/(13)C magnetization transfer and 2D WISE solid state NMR. Int J Biol Macromol 2001; 29:137-43. [PMID: 11518585 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-8130(01)00161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In the preceding paper, we have investigated the structural heterogeneous character of a series of amorphous samples prepared from various starchy substrates (native potato starch, amylopectin and amylose) following different techniques of preparation (casting, freeze drying and solvent exchange). Spectral decompositions of the C1 resonances of the (13)C CP-MAS (Cross Polarization and Magic Angle Spinning) spectra under (1)H decoupling have shown the existence of five main types of alpha(1-4) linkages. In this part, 2D solid state NMR WISE experiments and the (13)C/(1)H magnetization transfer in CP as a local probe for both structures and dynamics were used. The (13)C CP magnetization curves versus contact time of each C1 component in each recorded spectrum were fitted with an analytic function taking into account two (1)H reservoirs. Interpretation of the characteristic times derived from fitting yields some improvements on the knowledge of the heterogeneity of the samples and on the water molecules distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paris
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Macromolécules, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Donald
- Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK. E-mail:
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35
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Abstract
This study describes contrast variation small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments which focus on the role which the intra-granular room temperature distribution of water and carbohydrate plays in determining the native structure and subsequent functionality of starch. It is shown that variations in botanical origin and amylose content do not correlate with significant differences in room temperature composition of A-type starch granules. In turn, variations in the gelatinisation behaviour of A-type starches do not correlate with variations in room temperature water distribution. In contrast, the room temperature water content is found to differ significantly between granules of potato (B-type) and a range of A-type starch cultivars. A correlation is found between these compositional differences and variations in crystal structure, which has implications for biological growth conditions and gelatinisation behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Perry
- Polymers and Colloids Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, CB3 OHE, Cambridge, UK
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36
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Murthy NS, Grubb DT, Zero K. Structural Implications of the Elliptical Form of Small-Angle Reflections in Oriented Semicrystalline Polymers. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9911501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. S. Murthy
- Research and Technology, AlliedSignal Inc., P.O. Box 1021, Morristown, New Jersey 07962, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - D. T. Grubb
- Research and Technology, AlliedSignal Inc., P.O. Box 1021, Morristown, New Jersey 07962, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
| | - K. Zero
- Research and Technology, AlliedSignal Inc., P.O. Box 1021, Morristown, New Jersey 07962, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
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37
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Murthy NS, Wang ZG, Hsiao BS. Interactions between Crystalline and Amorphous Domains in Semicrystalline Polymers: Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Studies of the Brill Transition in Nylon 6,6. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma990475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Sanjeeva Murthy
- Research and Technology, AlliedSignal Inc., P.O. Box 1021, Morristown, New Jersey 07962-1021
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400
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39
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Murthy NS, Akkapeddi MK, Orts WJ. Analysis of Lamellar Structure in Semicrystalline Polymers by Studying the Absorption of Water and Ethylene Glycol in Nylons Using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9707603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. S. Murthy
- Engineered Materials Sector Research Laboratories, AlliedSignal Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962
| | - M. K. Akkapeddi
- Engineered Materials Sector Research Laboratories, AlliedSignal Inc., Morristown, New Jersey 07962
| | - W. J. Orts
- USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center, CPU-800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710
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40
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Pielichowski K, Tomasik P, Sikora M. Kinetics of gelatinization of potato starch studied by non-isothermal DSC. Carbohydr Polym 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(97)00236-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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