1
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Lye K, Young RD. A review of frustrated Lewis pair enabled monoselective C-F bond activation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2712-2724. [PMID: 38404400 PMCID: PMC10882520 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06485a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) bond activation chemistry has greatly developed over the last two decades since the seminal report of metal-free reversible hydrogen activation. Recently, FLP systems have been utilized to allow monoselective C-F bond activation (at equivalent sites) in polyfluoroalkanes. The problem of 'over-defluorination' in the functionalization of polyfluoroalkanes (where multiple fluoro-positions are uncontrollably functionalized) has been a long-standing chemical problem in fluorocarbon chemistry for over 80 years. FLP mediated monoselective C-F bond activation is complementary to other solutions developed to address 'over-defluorination' and offers several advantages and unique opportunities. This perspective highlights some of these advantages and opportunities and places the development of FLP mediated C-F bond activation into the context of the wider effort to overcome 'over-defluorination'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Lye
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Rowan D Young
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 Australia
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2
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Zhang H, Liang M, Zhang X, He MK, Yang C, Guo L, Xia W. Electrochemical synthesis of functionalized gem-difluoroalkenes with diverse alkyl sources via a defluorinative alkylation process. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01460a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical defluorinative alkylation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes is described. This reaction enables the preparation of functionalized gem-difluoroalkenes with diverse alkyl sources including organohalides, NHP esters, and Katritzky salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Mengze Liang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Meng-Ke He
- Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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3
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Novák Z, Kotschy A, Varga B, Csenki JT, Tóth BL, Béke F. Application of Industrially Relevant HydroFluoroOlefin (HFO) Gases in Organic Syntheses. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1538-8344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydrofluoroolefin (HFO) gases are state-of-the-art cooling agents with widespread household and industrial applications. Considering their structural benefits these fluorous feedstocks have gained the attention of organic chemists in the last couple of years. In this short review we summarized the existing synthetic transformations of these gaseous starting material and present their applicability in the synthesis of fluorine-containing organic molecules, which have potential importance as building blocks and reagents for diverse syntheses.1 Introduction2 Addition Reactions3 Substitutions4 Organometallic Chemistry4.1 Organolithium Compounds4.2 Organometallic Complexes4.3 Silicon Organic Chemistry4.4 Boron Organic Chemistry4.5 Palladium-Catalyzed Transformations4.6 Metathesis4.7 Hydroesterification, Hydroformylation5 Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Novák
- ELTE ‘Lendület’ Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University
| | | | - Bálint Varga
- ELTE ‘Lendület’ Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University
| | - János T. Csenki
- ELTE ‘Lendület’ Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Balázs L. Tóth
- ELTE ‘Lendület’ Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Ferenc Béke
- ELTE ‘Lendület’ Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University
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4
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Keßler M, Porath S, Stammler H, Hoge B. Structural Characterization of Hydro‐, Chloro‐ and Fluoroorganylsilanes with Substituents of Varying Electron Withdrawing Character. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Keßler
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Sven Porath
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans‐Georg Stammler
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien Fakultät für Chemie Universität Bielefeld Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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5
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Zhou J, Jiang B, Guo M, Sumii Y, Shibata N. Aryl gem-Difluorovinyl Pinacolboronates: Synthesis and Utility for Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Bingyao Jiang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
- Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Huang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin‐Tao Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 People's Republic of China
| | - Changduo Pan
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 People's Republic of China
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7
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Guo YQ, Wang R, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Visible-Light-Induced Deoxygenation/Defluorination Protocol for Synthesis of γ,γ-Difluoroallylic Ketones. Org Lett 2020; 22:709-713. [PMID: 31909628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe an efficient, practical photocatalytic deoxygenation/defluorination protocol for the synthesis of γ,γ-difluoroallylic ketones from commercially available aromatic carboxylic acids, triphenylphosphine, and α-trifluoromethyl alkenes. The protocol has good functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope. Using this method, we accomplished the late-stage functionalization of several bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071 , People's Republic of China
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8
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Politanskaya LV, Selivanova GA, Panteleeva EV, Tretyakov EV, Platonov VE, Nikul’shin PV, Vinogradov AS, Zonov YV, Karpov VM, Mezhenkova TV, Vasilyev AV, Koldobskii AB, Shilova OS, Morozova SM, Burgart YV, Shchegolkov EV, Saloutin VI, Sokolov VB, Aksinenko AY, Nenajdenko VG, Moskalik MY, Astakhova VV, Shainyan BA, Tabolin AA, Ioffe SL, Muzalevskiy VM, Balenkova ES, Shastin AV, Tyutyunov AA, Boiko VE, Igumnov SM, Dilman AD, Adonin NY, Bardin VV, Masoud SM, Vorobyeva DV, Osipov SN, Nosova EV, Lipunova GN, Charushin VN, Prima DO, Makarov AG, Zibarev AV, Trofimov BA, Sobenina LN, Belyaeva KV, Sosnovskikh VY, Obydennov DL, Usachev SA. Organofluorine chemistry: promising growth areas and challenges. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Hu J, Yang Y, Lou Z, Ni C, Hu J. Fluoro-Hydroxylation of gem
-Difluoroalkenes: Synthesis of 18
O-labeled α-CF3
Alcohols. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yide Yang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University; 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Zhengzhao Lou
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University; 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University; 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210 China
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10
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Mandal D, Gupta R, Young RD. Selective Monodefluorination and Wittig Functionalization of gem-Difluoromethyl Groups to Generate Monofluoroalkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:10682-10686. [PMID: 30119600 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Monodefluorination of gem-difluoromethyl groups is achieved using a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) approach. Triarylphosphines and group 13 Lewis acids were surveyed as FLP components, with the combination of P( o-Tol)3 and B(C6F5)3 found to provide the best results, although the reaction is feasible with more economical components (PPh3 and BF3·OEt2). The α-fluoroalkylphosphonium products arising from the reaction were of lower activity, in regard to further fluoride abstraction, as compared to difluoride starting materials, leading to highly selective monodefluorination. The activated substrates were subject to Wittig reaction protocols to generate a variety of monofluoroalkenes in moderate to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipendu Mandal
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Richa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Rowan D Young
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3 , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
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11
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Jaroschik F. Picking One out of Three: Selective Single C-F Activation in Trifluoromethyl Groups. Chemistry 2018; 24:14572-14582. [PMID: 29923644 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of a trifluoromethyl (CF3 ) group into an organic molecule can modify its chemical behavior and lead to changes in its physicochemical and pharmacological properties. The CF3 group is often chosen for its chemical inertness and stability, which are related to the strong C-F bonds. In recent years, the potential of gaining straightforward access to difluorinated compounds through selective single C-F activation in CF3 groups has been unveiled. This review describes the latest methodologies for the synthesis of difluoromethylated arenes, difluoroalkenes and difluorinated aldol products of potential synthetic and/or biological interest, employing low-valent metals, transition metal catalysis, FLP and Lewis acid mediated transformations as well as photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Jaroschik
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 240 avenue du Prof Jeanbrau, 34080, Montpellier, France
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12
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Sakaguchi H, Ohashi M, Ogoshi S. Fluorinated Vinylsilanes from the Copper-Catalyzed Defluorosilylation of Fluoroalkene Feedstocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:328-332. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Sakaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masato Ohashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sensuke Ogoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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13
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Sakaguchi H, Ohashi M, Ogoshi S. Fluorinated Vinylsilanes from the Copper-Catalyzed Defluorosilylation of Fluoroalkene Feedstocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Sakaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masato Ohashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sensuke Ogoshi
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering; Osaka University; Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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14
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Fuchibe K, Hatta H, Oh K, Oki R, Ichikawa J. Lewis Acid Promoted Single C-F Bond Activation of the CF3
Group: SN
1′-Type 3,3-Difluoroallylation of Arenes with 2-Trifluoromethyl-1-alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5890-5893. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fuchibe
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Hibiki Hatta
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Ken Oh
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Rie Oki
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Junji Ichikawa
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
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15
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Fuchibe K, Hatta H, Oh K, Oki R, Ichikawa J. Lewis Acid Promoted Single C-F Bond Activation of the CF3
Group: SN
1′-Type 3,3-Difluoroallylation of Arenes with 2-Trifluoromethyl-1-alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fuchibe
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Hibiki Hatta
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Ken Oh
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Rie Oki
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
| | - Junji Ichikawa
- Division of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8571 Japan
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16
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Xiao T, Li L, Zhou L. Synthesis of Functionalized gem-Difluoroalkenes via a Photocatalytic Decarboxylative/Defluorinative Reaction. J Org Chem 2016; 81:7908-16. [PMID: 27467781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalytic decarboxylative/defluorinative reaction of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes with α-keto acids and α-amino acids has been developed. The reaction occurs at room temperature under visible light irradiation, affording various γ,γ-difluoroallylic ketones and 1,1-difluorohomoallyl amines in good yields. The synthetic applications of the resulting functionalized gem-difluoroalkenes were also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiebo Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Linyong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University , 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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17
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18
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Jia X, Wang J, Ding X, Yang J, Li N, Zhao N, Huang Z. Mg-Prompted Polyfluoroarene C–H Functionalization: Formal Synthesis of Transfluthrin, Fenfluthrin, and Tefluthrin. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10874-82. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Jia
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Junya Wang
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Xue Ding
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Nan Li
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Zhiyan Huang
- Key laboratory of Macromolecular
Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
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19
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Wahl B, Lee DS, Woodward S. 1,4-Addition of TMSCCl3to (E)-Fumaric Esters and Thermal Rearrangement of the Adducts to 3,4-Dichloropent-2-enedioates. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Matsuzaki K, Okuyama K, Tokunaga E, Shiro M, Shibata N. Sterically Demanding Unsymmetrical Diaryl-λ(3)-iodanes for Electrophilic Pentafluorophenylation and an Approach to α-Pentafluorophenyl Carbonyl Compounds with an All-Carbon Stereocenter. ChemistryOpen 2015; 3:233-7. [PMID: 25558441 PMCID: PMC4280821 DOI: 10.1002/open.201402045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A sterically demanding unsymmetrical pentafluorophenyl-triisopropylphenyl-λ(3)-iodane was developed as an effective reagent for the electrophilic pentafluorophenylation of various β-keto esters and a β-keto amide. 17 examples of α-pentafluorophenylated 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds 3 having a quaternary carbon center are provided. The resulting compounds were nicely transformed into chiral α-pentafluorophenyl ketones with an all-carbon stereogenic center in high yields and high enantioselectivities using asymmetric organocatalysis (up to 98 % ee) or asymmetric metal catalysis (up to 82 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsuzaki
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science & Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555 (Japan) E-mail:
| | - Kenta Okuyama
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science & Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555 (Japan) E-mail:
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science & Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555 (Japan) E-mail:
| | - Motoo Shiro
- Rigaku Corporation 3-9-12 Mastubara-cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666 (Japan)
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science & Department of Frontier Materials, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555 (Japan) E-mail:
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21
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Du GF, Xing F, Gu CZ, Dai B, He L. N-heterocyclic carbene-catalysed pentafluorophenylation of aldehydes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05487g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes have been utilized as highly efficient organocatalysts to catalyse multifluorophenylation of aldehydes with fluorinated aryltrimethylsilanes to afford the corresponding adducts in 49–99% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Fen Du
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University. Tianjin 300072
- China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
| | - Fen Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Gu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- China
| | - Lin He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shihezi University
- China
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22
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Wu N, Wahl B, Woodward S, Lewis W. 1,4-Addition of TMSCCl₃ to nitroalkenes: efficient reaction conditions and mechanistic understanding. Chemistry 2014; 20:7718-24. [PMID: 24849249 PMCID: PMC4586478 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Improved synthetic conditions allow preparation of TMSCCl3 in good yield (70%) and excellent purity. Compounds of the type NBu4X [X=Ph3SiF2 (TBAT), F (tetrabutylammonium fluoride, TBAF), OAc, Cl and Br] act as catalytic promoters for 1,4-additions to a range of cyclic and acyclic nitroalkenes, in THF at 0-25 °C, typically in moderate to excellent yields (37-95%). TBAT is the most effective promoter and bromide the least effective. Multinuclear NMR studies ((1)H, (19)F, (13)C and (29)Si) under anaerobic conditions indicate that addition of TMSCCl3 to TBAT (both 0.13 M) at -20 °C, in the absence of nitroalkene, leads immediately to mixtures of Me3SiF, Ph3SiF and NBu4CCl3. The latter is stable to at least 0 °C and does not add nitroalkene from -20 to 0 °C, even after extended periods. Nitroalkene, in the presence of TMSCCl3 (both 0.13 M at -20 °C), when treated with TBAT, leads to immediate formation of the 1,4-addition product, suggesting the reaction proceeds via a transient [Me3Si(alkene)CCl3] species, in which (alkene) indicates an Si⋅⋅⋅O coordinated nitroalkene. The anaerobic catalytic chain is propagated through the kinetic nitronate anion resulting from 1,4 CCl3(-) addition to the nitroalkene. This is demonstrated by the fact that isolated NBu4[CH2=NO2] is an efficient promoter. Use of H2C=CH(CH2)2CH=CHNO2 in air affords radical-derived bicyclic products arising from aerobic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Benoit Wahl
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - Simon Woodward
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD (UK)
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Li D, Li Y, Chen Z, Shang H, Li H, Ren X. Stereoselective synthesis of α-(dichloromethyl)-amines, α-(chloromethyl)amines, and α-chloro-aziridines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00471j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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Liang T, Neumann CN, Ritter T. Introduction of fluorine and fluorine-containing functional groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8214-64. [PMID: 23873766 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1965] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the most significant, conceptual advances in the field of fluorination were enabled most prominently by organo- and transition-metal catalysis. The most challenging transformation remains the formation of the parent C-F bond, primarily as a consequence of the high hydration energy of fluoride, strong metal-fluorine bonds, and highly polarized bonds to fluorine. Most fluorination reactions still lack generality, predictability, and cost-efficiency. Despite all current limitations, modern fluorination methods have made fluorinated molecules more readily available than ever before and have begun to have an impact on research areas that do not require large amounts of material, such as drug discovery and positron emission tomography. This Review gives a brief summary of conventional fluorination reactions, including those reactions that introduce fluorinated functional groups, and focuses on modern developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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25
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26
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Ramachandran PV, Tafelska-Kaczmarek A, Chatterjee A. B-(3,3-Difluoroallyl)diisopinocampheylborane for the Enantioselective Fluoroallylboration of Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2012; 77:9329-33. [PMID: 22973971 DOI: 10.1021/jo300970z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Veeraraghavan Ramachandran
- Herbert
C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval
Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Agnieszka Tafelska-Kaczmarek
- Herbert
C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval
Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
| | - Anamitra Chatterjee
- Herbert
C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department
of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval
Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084, United States
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27
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Gupta MK, Li Z, Snowden TS. One-Pot Synthesis of Trichloromethyl Carbinols from Primary Alcohols. J Org Chem 2012; 77:4854-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300725v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336,
United States
| | - Zhexi Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336,
United States
| | - Timothy S. Snowden
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, P.O. Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336,
United States
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28
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Chelucci G. Synthesis and Metal-Catalyzed Reactions of gem-Dihalovinyl Systems. Chem Rev 2011; 112:1344-462. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200165q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Chelucci
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Sassari, viale Italia 39, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
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29
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He YB, Nguyen BV, Burton DJ. (E)-1,2-Difluoro-1-iodo-2-trialkylsilanes—A useful synthon for the addition of the [IFC CF] unit to activated electrophiles. J Fluor Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Amii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama Univeristy, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Uneyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama Univeristy, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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31
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Facile allylboration of ketones with β-benzyloxy-γ,γ-difluoroallylboronate: Preparation of gem-difluorinated homoallylic tert-alcohols. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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32
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YUE X, QIU X, QING F. Metal-mediatedgem-Difluoroallylation ofN-Acylhydrazones: Highly Efficient Synthesis ofα,α-Difluorohomoallylic Amines. CHINESE J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200990007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Functionalized fluoroalkyl and alkenyl silanes: Preparations, reactions, and synthetic applications. J Fluor Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Kirij NV, Dontsova DA, Pavlenko NV, Yagupolskii YL, Scherer H, Tyrra W, Naumann D. Insight into the Reactions of Trifluorovinylsilanes with Aromatic Aldehydes. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Veeraraghavan Ramachandran P, Chatterjee A. Gem-Difluorinated Homoallyl Alcohols, β-Hydroxy Ketones, and syn- and anti-1,3-Diols via γ,γ-Difluoroallylboronates. Org Lett 2008; 10:1195-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800069z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Veeraraghavan Ramachandran
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084
| | - Anamitra Chatterjee
- Herbert C. Brown Center for Borane Research, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2084
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36
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Kister J, Mioskowski C. Trichloromethyltrimethylsilane, sodium formate, and dimethylformamide: a mild, efficient, and general method for the preparation of trimethylsilyl-protected 2,2,2-trichloromethylcarbinols from aldehydes and ketones. J Org Chem 2007; 72:3925-8. [PMID: 17444685 DOI: 10.1021/jo070180w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New conditions for the preparation of trimethylsilyl-protected 2,2,2-trichloromethylcarbinols 2 from aldehydes and ketones are reported. Compounds 2, which are important intermediates in organic synthesis, were obtained in excellent yields by use of a combination of trichloromethyltrimethylsilane (TMSCCl3), and a catalytic amount of sodium formate (HCOONa) in dimethylformamide (DMF). Substrates bearing highly sensitive protecting groups have been successfully subjected to our conditions. We also describe a one-pot procedure that gives direct access to 2,2,2-trichloromethylcarbinols 3. This methodology avoids the use of strong bases usually required for the synthesis of 3 (Wyvratt et al. J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 944; Aggarwal and Mereu, J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 7211).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Kister
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Bio-Organique, UMR 7175--LC1, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Louis Pasteur, 74 Route du Rhin, BP 24, 67401 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
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38
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Shimizu M, Hiyama T. Modern synthetic methods for fluorine-substituted target molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:214-31. [PMID: 15614922 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 697] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine has come to be recognized as a key element in materials science: in heat-transfer agents, liquid crystals, dyes, surfactants, plastics, elastomers, membranes, and other materials. Furthermore, many fluorine-containing biologically active agents are finding applications as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Progress in synthetic fluorine chemistry has been critical to the development of these fields and has led to the invention of many novel fluorinated molecules as future drugs and materials. As a result of the electronic effects of fluorine substituents, fluorinated substrates and reagents often exhibit unusual and unique chemical properties, which often make them incompatible with established synthetic methods. Thus, the problem of how to control the unusual properties of compounds with fluorine substituents deserves much attention, so as to promote the design of facile, efficient, and environmentally benign methods for the synthesis of valuable organofluorine targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimizu
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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39
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40
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Hirose T, Sunazuka T, Yamamoto D, Kojima N, Shirahata T, Harigaya Y, Kuwajima I, Ōmura S. Determination of the absolute stereochemistry and asymmetric total synthesis of madindolines A and B: a practical improvement to a second-generation approach from the first-generation. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Zhang X, Xia H, Dong X, Jin J, Meng WD, Qing FL. 3-Deoxy-3,3-difluoro-d-arabinofuranose: First Stereoselective Synthesis and Application in Preparation of gem-Difluorinated Sugar Nucleosides. J Org Chem 2003; 68:9026-33. [PMID: 14604377 DOI: 10.1021/jo034512i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of gem-difluorinated sugar nucleosides were described. The key intermediate, 3-deoxy-3,3-difluoro-d-arabinofuranose 9, was first stereoselectively prepared from the chiral gem-difluorohomoallyl alcohol 12. The kinetic formation of single anti-14 in the benzylation of 12 could be accomplished by controlling the amount of sodium hydride used. The dihydroxylation of 14 (a mixture of anti and syn isomers) followed by deprotection and oxidation stereoselectively afforded furanose 9 with the arabino configuration at the C2 position. N(1)-(3-Deoxy-3,3-difluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine 6 was prepared from 9 by the glycosylation reaction. 4'-Thiofuranose 25 was easily synthesized from 9. The oxidation of 25 followed by the condensation with silylated N(4)-benzoylcytosine (Pummerer reaction) failed to give our desired protected nucleoside l-3'-deoxy-3',3'-difluoro- 4'-thiocytidine 27', but the regioisomer 27 was obtained. The regiochemistry of the Pummerer reaction was determined by the kinetic acidity of the alpha-proton of 4'-thiofuranose 25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 354 Fenglin Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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43
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44
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45
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Hirose T, Sunazuka T, Shirahata T, Yamamoto D, Harigaya Y, Kuwajima I, Omura S. Short total synthesis of (+)-madindolines A and B. Org Lett 2002; 4:501-3. [PMID: 11843576 DOI: 10.1021/ol017058i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A short and efficient total synthesis of (+)-madindolines A (1) and B (2), potent and selective inhibitors of interleukin 6, has been achieved. The synthesis features a key chelation-controlled 1,4-diastereoselective acylation to generate the quaternary carbon and an intramolecular acylation of allylsilane to build up the cyclopentene unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Hirose
- The Kitasato Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, and CREST, The Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
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46
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Generation of heteroarylium-N-difluoromethylides and heteroaryl-N-difluoromethyl anions and their reactions with electrophiles: heteroaryl- and heteroarylium-N-difluoromethyl trimethylsilanes and a new heteroaryl-N-trifluoromethane. J Fluor Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1139(01)00390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Indium-Mediated Reaction of 3-Bromo-3,3-difluoropropene and Bromodifluoromethylacetylene Derivatives with Aldehydes. Tetrahedron 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(00)00749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Zhang Q, Lu L. A novel synthetic route to ethyl 3-substituted-trans-2,3-difluoro-2-acrylates and their reactions with nucleophiles. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Hata T, Kitagawa H, Shimizu M, Hiyama T. Chemoselective Aldehyde Addition of Zinc Carbenoid Generated from Tribromofluoromethane. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2000. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.73.1691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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