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Ueda M, Kato N, Kurata Y, Imai M, Yang G, Taniguchi K. Host-Selective Phytotoxins Incorporating the Epoxy-Triene-Decacarboxylate Moiety Function through the Hijacking of the Plant-Microbe Interaction System. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:12-17. [PMID: 36547375 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Host selective toxins (HSTs) are small molecule phytotoxins that control the pathogenicity of microbes in the host plant, but the mechanistic basis for their selectivity is unknown. We developed AcIle-EDA (Aclle-(+)-9,10-epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyldeca-trienoic acid) as a molecular probe of an HST, examined its mode of action in genetically modified Oryza sativa, and found it to trigger ROS production through NADPH-oxidase OsRBOHB, causing the emergence of pathogenic traits. This result strongly suggests that AcIle-EDA functions through the hijacking of the plant-microbe interaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Ueda
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nobuki Kato
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kurata
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Gangqiang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, 30, Qingquan RD, Laishan District, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Keigo Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Ervik K, Vidar Hansen T. Enantioselective Trost alkynylation with 2E,4E-5-bromo-2,4-pentadienal. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang H, Guo Y, Luo Z, Gao L, Li R, Zhang Y, Kalaji HM, Qiang S, Chen S. Recent Advances in Alternaria Phytotoxins: A Review of Their Occurrence, Structure, Bioactivity and Biosynthesis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020168. [PMID: 35205922 PMCID: PMC8878860 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus in many ecosystems, consisting of species and strains that can be saprophytic, endophytic, or pathogenic to plants or animals, including humans. Alternaria species can produce a variety of secondary metabolites (SMs), especially low molecular weight toxins. Based on the characteristics of host plant susceptibility or resistance to the toxin, Alternaria phytotoxins are classified into host-selective toxins (HSTs) and non-host-selective toxins (NHSTs). These Alternaria toxins exhibit a variety of biological activities such as phytotoxic, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial properties. Generally, HSTs are toxic to host plants and can cause severe economic losses. Some NHSTs such as alternariol, altenariol methyl-ether, and altertoxins also show high cytotoxic and mutagenic activities in the exposed human or other vertebrate species. Thus, Alternaria toxins are meaningful for drug and pesticide development. For example, AAL-toxin, maculosin, tentoxin, and tenuazonic acid have potential to be developed as bioherbicides due to their excellent herbicidal activity. Like altersolanol A, bostrycin, and brefeldin A, they exhibit anticancer activity, and ATX V shows high activity to inhibit the HIV-1 virus. This review focuses on the classification, chemical structure, occurrence, bioactivity, and biosynthesis of the major Alternaria phytotoxins, including 30 HSTs and 50 NHSTs discovered to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Zhi Luo
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Liwen Gao
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Rui Li
- Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resource Protection Center, Ordos Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Ordos 017010, China;
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84395117
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Meena M, Samal S. Alternaria host-specific (HSTs) toxins: An overview of chemical characterization, target sites, regulation and their toxic effects. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:745-758. [PMID: 31406682 PMCID: PMC6684332 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternaria causes pathogenic disease on various economically important crops having saprophytic to endophytic lifecycle. Pathogenic fungi of Alternaria species produce many primary and secondary metabolites (SMs). Alternaria species produce more than 70 mycotoxins. Several species of Alternaria produce various phytotoxins that are host-specific (HSTs) and non-host-specific (nHSTs). These toxins have various negative impacts on cell organelles including chloroplast, mitochondria, plasma membrane, nucleus, Golgi bodies, etc. Non-host-specific toxins such as tentoxin (TEN), Alternaric acid, alternariol (AOH), alternariol 9-monomethyl ether (AME), brefeldin A (dehydro-), Alternuene (ALT), Altertoxin-I, Altertoxin-II, Altertoxin-III, zinniol, tenuazonic acid (TeA), curvularin and alterotoxin (ATX) I, II, III are known toxins produced by Alternaria species. In other hand, Alternaria species produce numerous HSTs such as AK-, AF-, ACT-, AM-, AAL- and ACR-toxin, maculosin, destruxin A, B, etc. are host-specific and classified into different family groups. These mycotoxins are low molecular weight secondary metabolites with various chemical structures. All the HSTs have different mode of actions, biochemical reactions, and signaling mechanisms to causes diseases in the host plants. These HSTs have devastating effects on host plant tissues by affecting biochemical and genetic modifications. Host-specific mycotoxins such as AK-toxin, AF-toxin, and AC-toxin have the devastating effect on plants which causes DNA breakage, cytotoxic, apoptotic cell death, interrupting plant physiology by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and affect membrane permeability. This article will elucidate an understanding of the disease mechanism caused by several Alternaria HSTs on host plants and also the pathways of the toxins and how they caused disease in plants.
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Key Words
- 1O2, singlet oxygen
- AA, ascorbic acid
- ALT, alternuene
- AME, alternariol 9-monomethyl ether
- AOH, alternariol
- APX, ascorbate peroxidase
- ATX, alterotoxin
- Alternaria species
- CAT, catalase
- CDCs, conditionally dispensable chromosomes
- DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase
- DHT, dihydrotentoxin
- GPX, guaiacol peroxidase
- GR, glutathione reductase
- GSH, glutathione
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HR, hypersensitive response
- HSTs, host specific toxins
- Host-specific toxins
- MDHAR, monodehydroascorbate reductase
- NO, nitric oxide
- NRPS, nonribosomal peptide synthetase
- Non-host-specific toxins
- O2˙ˉ, superoxide anion
- PCD, programmed cell death
- PKS, polyketide synthase gene
- Pathogenicity
- REMI, restriction enzyme-mediated integration
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SMs, secondary metabolites
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- Secondary metabolites
- TEN, tentoxin
- TeA, tenuazonic acid
- UGT, UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases
- nHSTs, non-host specific toxins
- ˙OH, hydroxyl radical
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Meena
- Department of Botany, University College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Swarnmala Samal
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Wróblewska A, Makuch E, Sokalska E, Malko M. Acetonitrile and water as solvents for the epoxidation of allylic compounds over the Ti-SBA-15 catalyst. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-014-0740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kamimura A, Miyazaki K, Suzuki S, Ishikawa S, Uno H. Total synthesis of ent-calystegine B4 via nitro-Michael/aldol reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4362-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Neubauer T, Kammerer-Pentier C, Bach T. Total synthesis of (+)-bretonin B: access to the (E,Z,E)-triene core by a late-stage Peterson elimination of a convergently assembled silyl ether. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11629-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36604e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Troast DM, Yuan J, Porco JA. Studies Toward the Synthesis of (-)-Zampanolide: Preparation of the Macrocyclic Core. Adv Synth Catal 2008; 350:1701-1711. [PMID: 23543877 PMCID: PMC3612024 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200800247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies towards the synthesis of the macrocyclic core of (-)-zampanolide are reported. The synthetic approach features a one-pot reduction/vinylogous aldol reaction for construction of the C15-C20 fragment, an intramolecular silyl-modified Sakurai (ISMS) reaction for construction of the 2,6-cis-disubstituted exo-methylene pyran subunit, and use of an sp2-sp3 Stille reaction for macrocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M. Troast
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jiayi Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Molander GA, Dehmel F. Formal Total Synthesis of Oximidine II via a Suzuki-Type Cross-Coupling Macrocyclization Employing Potassium Organotrifluoroborates. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:10313-8. [PMID: 15315445 DOI: 10.1021/ja047190o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A formal total synthesis of oximidine II has been achieved, employing a Suzuki-type coupling approach to construct the highly strained, polyunsaturated 12-membered macrolactone. To achieve this goal, benefit was derived from the stability of potassium alkenyltrifluoroborates to establish conditions for the macrocyclization. The stereocontrolled formation of the cis-1,2-diol subunit was accomplished using a diastereoselective, reagent controlled addition to a chiral aldehyde utilizing the Carreira protocol. Advantage was taken of the Snieckus hydroborating reagent to gain access to the key trifluoroborate needed for the macrocyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A Molander
- Contribution from the Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
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