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Aeroterrestrial and Extremophilic Microalgae as Promising Sources for Lipids and Lipid Nanoparticles in Dermal Cosmetics. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microscopic prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae (microalgae), which can be effectively grown in mass cultures, are gaining increasing interest in cosmetics. Up to now, the main attention was on aquatic algae, while species from aeroterrestrial and extreme environments remained underestimated. In these habitats, algae accumulate high amounts of some chemical substances or develop specific compounds, which cause them to thrive in inimical conditions. Among such biologically active molecules is a large family of lipids, which are significant constituents in living organisms and valuable ingredients in cosmetic formulations. Therefore, natural sources of lipids are increasingly in demand in the modern cosmetic industry and its innovative technologies. Among novelties in skin care products is the use of lipid nanoparticles as carriers of dermatologically active ingredients, which enhance their penetration and release in the skin strata. This review is an attempt to comprehensively cover the available literature on the high-value lipids from microalgae, which inhabit aeroterrestrial and extreme habitats (AEM). Data on different compounds of 87 species, subspecies and varieties from 53 genera (represented by more than 141 strains) from five phyla are provided and, despite some gaps in the current knowledge, demonstrate the promising potential of AEM as sources of valuable lipids for novel skin care products.
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Singh KS, Tilvi S. Chemical Diversity and Bioactivity of Marine Sponges of the Genus
Oceanapia: A Review. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x18666210225120944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
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The marine sponges of the genus Oceanapia sp. is comprised of more than 50 species and are distributed in the seas around the tropical and subtropical regions. They are mainly found in the northern Indian oceans, Japan, and the south pacific coast. They are highly colored and known to be a rich source of various secondary metabolites, particularly, alkaloids. Several other secondary metabolites were also reported from this genus which include terpenes, sphingolipids, ceramides, cerebrosides, acetylenic acids, and thiocyanatins, etc. Many of these compounds isolated from this genus exhibited various biological properties including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, ichthyotoxicity and nematocidal activities. Although several secondary metabolites have been reported from this genus, a dedicated review of the chemicals and biological activities of this genus is so far lacking. Keeping this in mind this review describes the various chemical entities isolated from the sponges of the genus Oceanapia detailing their chemical structures along with their reported biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisham S. Singh
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula-403004, Goa,India
| | - Supriya Tilvi
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula-403004, Goa,India
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Chemical Composition of the Red Sea Green Algae Ulva lactuca: Isolation and In Silico Studies of New Anti-COVID-19 Ceramides. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120816. [PMID: 34940574 PMCID: PMC8707969 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for the ongoing pandemic which has claimed the lives of millions of people. This has prompted the scientific research community to act to find treatments against the SARS-CoV-2 virus that include safe antiviral medicinal compounds. The edible green algae U. lactuca. is known to exhibit diverse biological activities such as anti-influenza virus, anti-Japanese encephalitis virus, immunomodulatory, anticoagulant, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Herein, four new ceramides in addition to two known ones were isolated from Ulva lactuca. The isolated ceramides, including Cer-1, Cer-2, Cer-3, Cer-4, Cer-5 and Cer-6 showed promising antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when investigated using in silico approaches by preventing its attachment to human cells and/or inhibiting its viral replication. Cer-4 and Cer-5 were the most effective in inhibiting the human angiotensin converting enzyme (hACE)-spike protein complex which is essential for the virus to enter the human host. In addition to this, Cer-4 also showed an inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 protease (Mpro) that is responsible for its viral replication and transcription. In this study, we also used liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectroscopy (LC-ESI-HRMS) to identify several metabolites of U. lactuca, including metabolites such as fatty acids, their glyceride derivatives, terpenoids, sterols and oxysterols from the organic extract. Some of these metabolites also possessed promising antiviral activity, as previously reported.
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Chakraborty K, Dhara S, Mani AE. Ulvapyrone, a pyrone-linked benzochromene from sea lettuce Ulva lactuca Linnaeus (family Ulvaceae): newly described anti-inflammatory agent attenuates arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4114-4124. [PMID: 34542363 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1976173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Green marine macroalgae, particularly Ulva lactuca, is an essential constituent of the cuisines in many Asian countries. The present work aims to separate a bioactive pyrone attached benzochromene analogue, named as ulvapyrone from the organic extract of U. lactuca, followed by its structural characterisation as 2-{(6a'-hydroxyethyl-4'-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2'-one)-6'-yl}-4-methyl-7-ethylacetate-8-hydroxy-7, 8-dihydrobenzo [de]chromene. Ulvapyrone exhibited prospective inhibition property against arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 ∼1 mg mL-1) comparable to that demonstrated by ibuprofen (IC50 0.9 mg mL-1), which connoted its anti-inflammatory activity. The studied benzochromene exhibited promising antioxidant potential (IC50 0.5-0.6 mg mL-1), which further reinforced its attenuation property against 5-lipoxygenase. Bioactivities of ulvapyrone were linearly correlated with electronic parameter (topological polar surface area ∼102) along with less binding energy (-8.22 kcal mol-1) with the allosteric site of 5-lipoxygenase. In silico predictions of physicochemical parameters along with absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion could recognise the acceptable oral bioavailability of ulvapyrone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Shubhajit Dhara
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, Cochin, Kerala, India
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Mani AE, Chakraborty K, Pananghat V. Comparative Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Commonly Available Tropical Green Seaweeds. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.1963023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi Elizabeth Mani
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
| | - Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
| | - Vijayagopal Pananghat
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
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Pharmacognosy and In-vivo anticancer potential of an indigenous marine macroalga, Ulvafasciata Delile from Visakhapatnam coast, India. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Seaweed as a Source of Natural Antioxidants: Therapeutic Activity and Food Applications. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5753391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is a valuable source of bioactive compounds, polysaccharides, antioxidants, minerals, and essential nutrients such as fatty acids, amino acids, and vitamins that could be used as a functional ingredient. The variation in the composition of biologically active compounds in seaweeds depends on the environmental growth factors that make seaweed of the same species compositionally different across the globe. Nevertheless, all seaweeds exhibit extraordinary antioxidant potential which can be harnessed for a broad variety of food applications such as in preparation of soups, pasta, salads, noodles, and other country specific dishes. This review highlights the nutritional and bioactive compounds occurring in different classes of seaweeds while focusing on their therapeutic activities including but not limited to blood cell aggregation, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The review also explores the existing and potential application of seaweeds as a source of natural antioxidant in food products. Seaweed-derived compounds have great potential for being used as a supplement in functional foods due to their high stability as well as consumer demand for antioxidant-rich foods.
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Antimicrobial Lipids from Plants and Marine Organisms: An Overview of the Current State-of-the-Art and Future Prospects. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9080441. [PMID: 32722192 PMCID: PMC7459900 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the actual post-antibiotic era, novel ways of rethinking antimicrobial research approaches are more urgent than ever. Natural compounds with antimicrobial activity such as fatty acids and monoacylglycerols have been investigated for decades. Additionally, the interest in other lipid classes as antimicrobial agents is rising. This review provides an overview on the research about plant and marine lipids with potential antimicrobial activity, the methods for obtaining and analyzing these compounds, with emphasis on lipidomics, and future perspectives for bioprospection and applications for antimicrobial lipids. Lipid extracts or lipids isolated from higher plants, algae or marine invertebrates are promising molecules to inactivate a wide spectrum of microorganisms. These lipids include a variety of chemical structures. Present and future challenges in the research of antimicrobial lipids from natural origin are related to the investment and optimization of the analytical workflow based on lipidomics tools, complementary to the bioassay-guided fractionation, to identify the active compound(s). Also, further work is needed regarding the study of their mechanism of action, the structure-activity relationship, the synergistic effect with conventional antibiotics, and the eventual development of resistance to lipids, which, as far as is known, is unlikely.
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Ramesh P, Ravikanth V, Reddy VLN, Goud TV, Venkateswarlu Y. A Novel Ceramide from the Indian Marine Sponge Fasciospongia Cavernosa. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823401103169739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new ceramide 1, has been isolated along with a known compound 3,6-diacetoxy-cholest-7-en-3β,5α,6β-triol (2) from a marine sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa collected off the Mandapam coast in the Gulf of Manner, India. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ramesh
- Natural Products Laboratory, Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V. Ravikanth
- Natural Products Laboratory, Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - V. L. Niranjan Reddy
- Natural Products Laboratory, Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - T. Venkateshwar Goud
- Natural Products Laboratory, Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Y. Venkateswarlu
- Natural Products Laboratory, Organic Division-I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Das MK, Sahu PK, Rao GS, Mukkanti K, Silpavathi L. Application of response surface method to evaluate the cytotoxic potency of Ulva fasciata Delile, a marine macro alga. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 21:539-46. [PMID: 25473362 PMCID: PMC4250499 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting of marine natural products has recently produced a substantial number of drug candidates. Ulva fasciata Delile, belonging to the family Ulvaceae, is a green marine macro alga that grows profusely on the coastal seashore of South India. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxic potential of a methanolic extract of U . fasciata Delile (MEUF) using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay against human colon carcinoma (HT-29), human hepatocyte carcinoma (Hep-G2), and human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied using central-composite experimental design (CCD) to obtain optimum combined effect of concentration and cancer cells with highest cytotoxicity. The effect of concentration, cancer cell lines as independent variables on absorbance (OD), percent cell survival and percent cell inhibition as dependent variables was investigated. Maximum cytotoxic activity of MEUF was established for Hep-G2 with lowest OD or percent cell survival; highest percent cell inhibition with significant difference (p > 0.05) was compared to HT-29 and MCF-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Das
- Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemili (M), Visakhapatnam 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemili (M), Visakhapatnam 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G. Srinivasa Rao
- Saastra College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Varigonda, Nellore 524311, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K. Mukkanti
- Institute of Science and Technology, JNT University, Kukutpally, Hyderabad 500072, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - L. Silpavathi
- Avanthi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cherukupalli, Vizianagaram 261152, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Michaelson LV, Dunn TM, Napier JA. Viral trans-dominant manipulation of algal sphingolipids. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2010; 15:651-655. [PMID: 20934366 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Emiliania huxleyi is the host for the coccolithovirus (EhV), which is responsible for the demise of large oceanic blooms formed by this alga. The EhV-86 virus genome sequence has identified several genes apparently involved in sphingolipid metabolism. Recently, an unusual glucosylceramide from E. huxleyi infected with EhV-86 was isolated, implicating sphingolipids in the lysis of this alga. However, the EhV-86-encoded genes contain only a subset of the activities required to generate the novel sphingolipid, implying that its synthesis is the result of coordinated interactions between algal- and viral-encoded biosynthetic enzymes. Here, we discuss the likely role for EhV-86 open reading frames (ORFs) in the synthesis of novel sphingolipids and also consider the concept of the trans-dominant manipulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise V Michaelson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
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Sheikh MC, Takagi S, Abe H, Yoshimura T, Morita H. Reactions of nonsymmetrical bidentate linkers having a phthalimidoyl and acid chloride group or a 2-benzothiazole group with α-d-glucoside derivatives and their application for the modification of cellulose. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:2562-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Marine organisms are potentially prolific sources of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that might represent useful leads in the development of new pharmaceutical agents. Algae can be classified into two main groups; first one is the microalgae, which includes blue green algae, dinoflagellates, bacillariophyta (diatoms)… etc., and second one is macroalgae (seaweeds) which includes green, brown and red algae. The microalgae phyla have been recognized to provide chemical and pharmacological novelty and diversity. Moreover, microalgae are considered as the actual producers of some highly bioactive compounds found in marine resources. Red algae are considered as the most important source of many biologically active metabolites in comparison to other algal classes. Seaweeds are used for great number of application by man. The principal use of seaweeds as a source of human food and as a source of gums (phycocollides). Phycocolloides like agar agar, alginic acid and carrageenan are primarily constituents of brown and red algal cell walls and are widely used in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. El Gamal
- Dept. of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Wu W, Hasumi K, Peng H, Hu X, Wang X, Bao B. Fibrinolytic compounds isolated from a brown alga, Sargassum fulvellum. Mar Drugs 2009; 7:85-94. [PMID: 19597573 PMCID: PMC2707035 DOI: 10.3390/md7020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of bioactive natural products were founded in a brown alga, Sargassum fulvellum. After isolation and purification, the molecular structures of these two products were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and GC-mass spectroscopy. The two compounds were identified to be 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-glycerol (POGG) and 1-O-myristoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-glycerol (MOGG) which were obtained from Sargassum fulvellum for the first time. POGG and MOGG showed fibrinolytic activity in the reaction system of pro-u-PA and plasminogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Biopharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China; E-mail:
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;
| | - Keiji Hasumi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 1838509, Japan; E-mail:
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-mail:
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, P. R. China; E-mail:
| | - Xichang Wang
- Department of Marine Biopharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China; E-mail:
;
;
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Marine Biopharmacology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, P.R. China; E-mail:
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Abou‐Karam M, Abbas HK, Shier WT. N‐Fatty Acylation of Hydrolyzed Fumonisin B1, But Not of Intact Fumonisin B1, Strongly Enhances In Vitro Mammalian Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1081/txr-120030651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang WK, Xu JK, Zhang XQ, Yao XS, Ye WC. Sphingolipids with neuritogenic activity from Euphorbia sororia. Chem Phys Lipids 2007; 148:77-83. [PMID: 17540352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two groups of sphingolipids 1 and 2 were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia sororia. On the basis of spectroscopic data, chemical methods and GC-MS analysis, the structures of 1 and 2 were characterized as 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxydocosanoyl approximately hexacosanoyl, octacosanoyl amino]-1,3,4-octadecanetriol-8-ene and (2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxyeicosanoyl approximately hexacosanoyl amino]-1,3,4-octadecanetriol-8-ene, respectively. Both of them exhibited marked neuritogenic activity on the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ku Zhang
- Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Yemele Bouberte M, Krohn K, Hussain H, Dongo E, Schulz B, Hu Q. Tithoniamarin and tithoniamide: a structurally unique isocoumarin dimer and a new ceramide from Tithonia diversifolia. Nat Prod Res 2006; 20:842-9. [PMID: 16753922 DOI: 10.1080/14786410500462892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Tithoniamarin (1), a new isocoumarin dimer and a new ceramide, named tithoniamide (2a), have been isolated from Tithonia diversifolia, in addition to the known beta-sitosterol and beta-sitosterol glucopyranoside. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Preliminary studies showed that 1 has antifungal and herbicidal activities against Microbotryum violaceum and Chlorella fusca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meffo Yemele Bouberte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yaounde University I, PO Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Orhan I, Sener B, Atici T, Brun R, Perozzo R, Tasdemir D. Turkish freshwater and marine macrophyte extracts show in vitro antiprotozoal activity and inhibit FabI, a key enzyme of Plasmodium falciparum fatty acid biosynthesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 13:388-93. [PMID: 16697632 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2005.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The ethanolic extracts of a number of Turkish freshwater macrophytes (Potamogeton perfoliatus, Ranunculus tricophyllus and Cladophora glomerata) and marine macroalgae (Dictyota dichotoma, Halopteris scoparia, Posidonia oceanica, Scinaia furcellata, Sargassum natans and Ulva lactuca) were assayed for their in vitro antiprotozoal activity. Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani and Plasmodium falciparum were used as test organisms. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was also assessed against primary rat skeletal myoblasts (L6 cells). Whereas none of the extracts were active against T. cruzi, all crude extracts displayed appreciable trypanocidal activity against T. brucei rhodesiense, with S. natans being the most active one (IC(50) 7.4microg/ml). Except for the marine alga H. scoparia, all extracts also possessed leishmanicidal potential. The best antileishmanial activity was exerted by U. lactuca and P. oceanica (IC(50)'s 5.9 and 8.0microg/ml, respectively). Five extracts that demonstrated inhibitory activity towards P. falciparum (IC(50)'s 18.1-48.8microg/ml) were simultaneously assayed against FabI, a crucial enzyme of the fatty acid system of P. falciparum, to find out whether FabI was their target. The extracts of C. glomerata and U. lactuca efficiently inhibited the FabI enzyme with IC(50) values of 1.0 and 4.0microg/ml, respectively. None of the extracts were cytotoxic towards mammalian L6 cells. This work reports for the first time antiprotozoal activity of some Turkish marine and freshwater algae, as well as a target-based antiplasmodial screening for the identification of P. falciparum FabI inhibitors from aquatic and marine macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, TR-06330 Ankara, Turkey
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Su BN, Misico R, Jung Park E, Santarsiero BD, Mesecar AD, Fong HH, Pezzuto JM, Douglas Kinghorn A. Isolation and characterization of bioactive principles of the leaves and stems of Physalis philadelphica. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00277-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pathak R, Shaw AK, Bhaduri AP. Syntheses of Tri- and Tetrahydroxylated 1-Amino-Heptanes. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910008087276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hertweck C, Boland W. Asymmetric α-Chloroallylboration of Amino Aldehydes: A Novel and Highly Versatile Route tod- andl-erythro-Sphingoid Bases†. J Org Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jo990117+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Premakumara GA, Ratnasooriya WD, Tillekeratne LM. Isolation of a non-steroidal contragestative agent from Sri Lankan marine red alga, Gelidiella acerosa. Contraception 1996; 54:379-83. [PMID: 8968667 DOI: 10.1016/s0010-7824(96)00198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the isolation of a non-steroidal contragestative agent from the Sri Lankan marine red alga, Gelidiella acerosa. One-hundred grams of MeOH-CH2Cl2 (1:1) crude extract of G. acerosa was initially partitioned into hexane, CH2Cl2 and EtOAc, respectively, using the modified Kupchan scheme. At each separation step, all the resulting fractions were tested for contragestative effects in pregnant rats. The fertility was assessed in terms of the number of viable implants following oral administration of fractions (co-precipitated with polyvinylpyrrolidone), on day 1 through day 7 of pregnancy. The hexane fraction with highest activity was subjected to gel filtration through Sephadex LH-20, vacuum liquid chromatography over TLC-grade silica, two open-column chromatography runs over silica gel (60-120 mesh), and HPLC to isolate the active component. Nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopic analysis revealed that the contragestative agent of G. acerosa is a sphingosine derivative.
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Yun-Long L, Yu-Lin W. Synthesis of (2S, 3S, 4R, 5R, 6Z)-2-amino-1,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyoctadecene, a long chain base part of cerebroside. Tetrahedron Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(95)00738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mancini I, Guella G, Pietra F, Debitus C. Oceanapins A-F, Unique Branched Ceramides Isolated from the Haplosclerid SpongeOceanapia cf.tenuis of the Coral Sea. Helv Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rubino FM, Zecca L, Sonnino S. Characterization of a complex mixture of ceramides by fast atom bombardment and precursor and fragment analysis tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200230207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rubino FM, Zecca L, Sonnino S. Characterization of sphingosine long-chain bases by fast atom bombardment and high-energy collision-induced decomposition tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210271205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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