1
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Panigrahi K, Fei X, Kitamura M, Berkowitz DB. Rapid Entry into Biologically Relevant α,α-Difluoroalkylphosphonates Bearing Allyl Protection-Deblocking under Ru(II)/(IV)-Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:9846-9851. [PMID: 31789041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthetic route to α,α-difluoroalkylphosphonates is described. Structurally diverse aldehydes are condensed with LiF2CP(O)(OCH2CH═CH2)2. The resultant alcohols are captured as the pentafluorophenyl thionocarbonates and efficiently deoxygenated with HSnBu3, BEt3, and O2, and then smoothly deblocked with CpRu(IV)(π-allyl)quinoline-2-carboxylate (1-2 mol %) in methanol as an allyl cation scavenger. These mild deprotection conditions provide access to free α,α-difluoroalkylphosphonates in nearly quantitative yield. This methodology is used to rapidly construct new bis-α,α-difluoroalkyl phosphonate inhibitors of PTPIB (protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase-1B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0304 , United States
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0304 , United States
| | - Masato Kitamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602 , Japan
| | - David B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0304 , United States
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2
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Ivanova MV, Bayle A, Besset T, Pannecoucke X, Poisson T. Copper-Mediated Introduction of the CF2
PO(OEt)2
Motif: Scope and Limitations. Chemistry 2017; 23:17318-17338. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Ivanova
- Normandie Univ; INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Alexandre Bayle
- Normandie Univ; INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ; INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ; INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014); 76000 Rouen France
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ; INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014); 76000 Rouen France
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3
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Yokomatsu T. Development of Biologically Active Compounds on the Basis of Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acid Functionalities. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 137:1051-1086. [PMID: 28867694 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.17-00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphonic and phosphinic acids, especially α-heteroatom-substituted ones, possess unique structural and physical features which enable them to act as hydrotically stable analogs to biological phosphates in biological processes. They also act as mimetics in the transition state of the protease-induced hydrolysis of dipeptides. The first half of this review focuses on selected new synthetic methods developed by our research group for the stereoselective synthesis of α-heteroatom-substituted phosphonic and phosphinic acid derivatives, including modified nucleotide analogs and phosphinyl dipeptide isosteres. In the latter half, this review summarizes the utility of difluoromethylenephosphonic acids and phosphonic acid esters in the development of enzyme inhibitors against protein tyrosine phosphatases, sphingomyelinases, purine nucleoside phosphorylases and thrombin. The enzyme inhibitors developed were used as probes to elucidate signal transductions and the mechanisms of enzyme actions. The findings of the studies are briefly described.
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4
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Luo J, Han EJ, Shen Q, Huang M, Huang YG, Liu HM, Wang W, Chen QY, Guo Y. Preparation of Dialkyl (2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl)phosphonates by Cu-Promoted Reactions of 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane with HP(O)(OR)2. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- School
of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - En-Jian Han
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qian Shen
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Meiwei Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Gen Huang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Hui-min Liu
- School
of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- School
of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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5
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Pomeisl K, Beier P, Pohl R, Krečmerová M. Novel and Efficient Synthesis of gem
-Difluorinated Derivatives of Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates (ANPs). ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Pomeisl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i.; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo nam. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i.; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo nam. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i.; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo nam. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Krečmerová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i.; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Flemingovo nam. 2 166 10 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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6
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Ivanova MV, Bayle A, Besset T, Pannecoucke X, Poisson T. New Prospects toward the Synthesis of Difluoromethylated Phosphate Mimics. Chemistry 2016; 22:10284-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Ivanova
- Normandie Univ.; INSA Rouen; UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Alexandre Bayle
- Normandie Univ.; INSA Rouen; UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Tatiana Besset
- Normandie Univ.; INSA Rouen; UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA; 76000 Rouen France
| | | | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie Univ.; INSA Rouen; UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA; 76000 Rouen France
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7
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Amiable C, Pochet S. Unprecedented formation of 8(R),5′-O-cycloribonucleosides through a triflation reaction of purine ribonucleosides. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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8
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Fei X, Holmes T, Diddle J, Hintz L, Delaney D, Stock A, Renner D, McDevitt M, Berkowitz DB, Soukup JK. Phosphatase-inert glucosamine 6-phosphate mimics serve as actuators of the glmS riboswitch. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2875-82. [PMID: 25254431 PMCID: PMC4273988 DOI: 10.1021/cb500458f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The glmS riboswitch is unique among gene-regulating
riboswitches and catalytic RNAs. This is because its own metabolite,
glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN6P), binds to the riboswitch and catalytically
participates in the RNA self-cleavage reaction, thereby providing
a novel negative feedback mechanism. Given that a number of pathogens
harbor the glmS riboswitch, artificial actuators
of this potential RNA target are of great interest. Structural/kinetic
studies point to the 2-amino and 6-phosphate ester functionalities
in GlcN6P as being crucial for this actuation. As a first step toward
developing artificial actuators, we have synthesized a series of nine
GlcN6P analogs bearing phosphatase-inert surrogates in place of the
natural phosphate ester. Self-cleavage assays with the Bacillus cereusglmS riboswitch
give a broad SAR. Two analogs display significant activity, namely,
the 6-deoxy-6-phosphonomethyl analog (5) and the 6-O-malonyl ether (13). Kinetic profiles show
a 22-fold and a 27-fold higher catalytic efficiency, respectively,
for these analogs vs glucosamine (GlcN). Given their nonhydrolyzable
phosphate surrogate functionalities, these analogs are arguably the
most robust artificial glmS riboswitch actuators
yet reported. Interestingly, the malonyl ether (13, extra
O atom) is much more effective than the simple malonate (17), and the “sterically true” phosphonate (5) is far superior to the chain-truncated (7) or chain-extended
(11) analogs, suggesting that positioning via Mg coordination
is important for activity. Docking results are consistent with this
view. Indeed, the viability of the phosphonate and 6-O-malonyl ether
mimics of GlcN6P points to a potential new strategy for artificial
actuation of the glmS riboswitch in a biological
setting, wherein phosphatase-resistance is paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fei
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Thomas Holmes
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Julianna Diddle
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Lauren Hintz
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Dan Delaney
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Alex Stock
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Danielle Renner
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - Molly McDevitt
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
| | - David B. Berkowitz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Juliane K. Soukup
- Department
of Chemistry, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, United States
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9
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Zasukha SV, Guzyr OI, Shermolovich YG. Nucleophilic Fluorination of α-Aroylphosphinates with Morpholinosulfur Trifluoride. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy V. Zasukha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; 02094 Kiev Ukraine
| | - Olexandr I. Guzyr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; 02094 Kiev Ukraine
| | - Yuriy G. Shermolovich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; 02094 Kiev Ukraine
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10
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Abstract
In this issue of Chemistry & Biology, Arrendale and coworkers demonstrate a new prodrug strategy for intracellular delivery of an α, α-(difluoromethylene)phosphonate phosphoserine mimic. The deprotected pseudo-phosphopeptide releases the pro-apoptotic FOXO3a-transcription factor from its 14-3-3-adaptor protein complex, resulting in leukemic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
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11
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Downey AM, Cairo CW. Synthesis of α-brominated phosphonates and their application as phosphate bioisosteres. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00255e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A review of the synthesis and biological activity of α-bromo-phosphonate groups as phosphate bioisosteres.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Michael Downey
- Alberta Glycomics Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton, Canada
| | - Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton, Canada
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12
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Downey AM, Cairo CW. α-Bromophosphonate analogs of glucose-6-phosphate are inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase. Carbohydr Res 2013; 381:123-32. [PMID: 24095944 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) is an essential metabolic enzyme that has upregulated activity in Type II diabetes. Synthetic analogs of the G6Pase substrate, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), may provide new tools to probe enzyme activity, or lead to specific inhibitors of glycosylphosphatase enzymes. Here we have developed synthetic routes to a panel of non-hydrolyzable G6P analogs containing α-bromo, α,α-dibromo, and α-bromo-α,β-unsaturated phosphonates compatible with a carbohydrate nucleus. We confirm that these functionalities have potency as inhibitors of G6Pase in vitro, providing a series of new phosphate isosteres that can be exploited for inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Michael Downey
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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13
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Synthesis of N-substituted α,α-difluoro-β-aminophosphonates by addition of diethyl lithiodifluoromethylphosphonate to imines. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Jiang X, Chu L, Qing FL. Copper-mediated oxidative cross-coupling reaction of terminal alkynes with α-silyldifluoromethylphosphonates: an efficient method for α,α-difluoropropargylphosphonates. Org Lett 2012; 14:2870-3. [PMID: 22587619 DOI: 10.1021/ol301113v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A copper-mediated oxidative cross-coupling reaction of terminal alkynes with readily available α-silyldifluoromethylphosphonates under mild conditions has been developed. This method allows for an efficient synthesis of a series of synthetically useful α,α-difluoropropargylphosphonates with excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Barragan-Montero V, Awwad A, Combemale S, de Santa Barbara P, Jover B, Molès JP, Montero JL. Synthesis of mannose-6-phosphate analogues and their utility as angiogenesis regulators. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1771-4. [PMID: 21793221 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Barragan-Montero
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 UM2-UM1-CNRS, ENSCM, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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16
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Beier P, Opekar S, Zibinsky M, Bychinskaya I, Prakash GKS. A new route to α-alkyl-α-fluoromethylenebisphosphonates. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:4035-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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17
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Panigrahi K, Eggen M, Maeng JH, Shen Q, Berkowitz DB. The alpha,alpha-difluorinated phosphonate L-pSer-analogue: an accessible chemical tool for studying kinase-dependent signal transduction. CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2009; 16:928-36. [PMID: 19778720 PMCID: PMC2766077 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This overview focuses on the (alpha,alpha-difluoromethylene)phosphonate mimic of phosphoserine (pCF(2)Ser) and its application to the study of kinase-mediated signal transduction-pathways of great interest to drug development. The most versatile modes of access to these chemical biological tools are discussed, organized by method of PCF(2)-C bond formation. The pCF(2)-Ser mimic may be site-specifically incorporated into peptides (SPPS) and proteins (expressed protein ligation). This isopolar, dianionic pSer mimic results in a "constitutive phosphorylation" phenotype and is seen to support native protein-protein interactions that depend on serine phosphorylation. Signal transduction pathways studied with this chemical biological approach include the regulation of p53 tumor suppressor protein activity and of melatonin production. Given these successes, the future is bright for the use of such "teflon phospho-amino acid mimics" to map kinase-based signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588
- Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - MariJean Eggen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588
- Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Jun-Ho Maeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588
- Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Quanrong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588
- Eppley Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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18
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Fei X, Connelly CM, MacDonald RG, Berkowitz DB. A set of phosphatase-inert "molecular rulers" to probe for bivalent mannose 6-phosphate ligand-receptor interactions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3085-9. [PMID: 18068981 PMCID: PMC2862223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 11/19/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A set of bivalent mannose 6-phosphonate 'molecular rulers' has been synthesized to examine ligand binding to the M6P/IGF2R. The set is estimated to span a P-P distance range of 16-26A (MMFF energy minimization on the hydrated phosphonates). Key synthetic transformations include sugar triflate displacement for phosphonate installation and Grubbs I cross-metathesis to achieve bivalency. Relative binding affinities were tested by radioligand displacement assays versus PMP-BSA (pentamannosyl phosphate-bovine serum albumin). These compounds exhibit slightly higher binding affinities for the receptor (IC(50)'s=3.7-5 microM) than the parent, monomeric mannose 6-phosphonate ligand and M6P itself (IC(50)=11.5+/-2.5 microM). These results suggest that the use of an alpha-configured anomeric alkane tether is acceptable, as no significant thermodynamic penalty is apparently paid with this design. On the other hand, the modest gains in binding affinity observed suggest that this ligand set has not yet found true bivalent interaction with the M6P/IGF2R (i.e., simultaneous binding to two distinct M6P-binding pockets).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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19
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Fang X, Yang X, Yang X, Mao S, Wang Z, Chen G, Wu F. AIBN-initiated radical addition of gem-difluorinated alkyl iodides to alkynes and the Pd-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction of E-phenyl difluoromethylene vinylic iodides with terminal alkynes. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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gem-Difluoromethylation of α- and γ-ketoesters: preparation of gem-difluorinated α-hydroxyesters and γ-butyrolactones. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Romanenko VD, Kukhar VP. Fluorinated phosphonates: synthesis and biomedical application. Chem Rev 2007; 106:3868-935. [PMID: 16967924 DOI: 10.1021/cr051000q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim D Romanenko
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, 1 Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94 02660, Ukraine
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22
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Li JL, Liu JT. Introducing difluoromethylene sulfonamide group via nucleophilic addition of difluoromethylene anion with aromatic aldehydes. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Ding B, Yin N, Liu Y, Cardenas-Garcia J, Evanson R, Orsak T, Fan M, Turin G, Savage PB. Origins of Cell Selectivity of Cationic Steroid Antibiotics. J Am Chem Soc 2004; 126:13642-8. [PMID: 15493921 DOI: 10.1021/ja046909p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A key factor in the potential clinical utility of membrane-active antibiotics is their cell selectivity (i.e., prokaryote over eukaryote). Cationic steroid antibiotics were developed to mimic the lipid A binding character of polymyxin B and are shown to bind lipid A derivatives with affinity greater than that of polymyxin B. The outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria are comprised primarily of lipid A, and a fluorophore-appended cationic steroid antibiotic displays very high selectivity for Gram-negative bacterial membranes over Gram-positive bacteria and eukaryotic cell membranes. This cell selectivity of cationic steroid antibiotics may be due, in part, to the affinity of these compounds for lipid A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangwei Ding
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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24
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Reutrakul V, Thongpaisanwong T, Tuchinda P, Kuhakarn C, Pohmakotr M. Difluorophenylsulfanylmethyl Radical and Difluoromethylene Diradical Synthons: gem-Difluoromethylene Building Block. J Org Chem 2004; 69:6913-5. [PMID: 15387624 DOI: 10.1021/jo0489768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bromodifluorophenylsulfanylmethane has been demonstrated to be a highly versatile gem-difluoromethylene (CF2) building block via the reaction of difluorophenylsulfanylmethyl radical with olefins. gem-Difluoroalkenes and products containing a midchain CF2 group and with manipulatable functionality can be readily synthesized. The first example of a gem-difluoromethylene radical synthon is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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25
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(3R,4S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-4-methylpentylphosphonic acid, an isosteric phosphonate analogue of 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate, a key intermediate in the new pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Belakhov V, Dovgolevsky E, Rabkin E, Shulami S, Shoham Y, Baasov T. Synthesis and evaluation of a mechanism-based inhibitor of KDO8P synthase. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:385-92. [PMID: 14698897 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonate-8-phosphate (KDO8P) synthase catalyzes the condensation reaction between phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and D-arabinose 5-phosphate (A5P) to produce KDO8P and inorganic phosphate. In attempts to investigate the lack of antibacterial activity of the most potent inhibitor of KDO8P synthase, the amino phosphonophosphate 3, we have synthesized its hydrolytically stable isosteric phosphonate analogue 4 and tested it as an inhibitor of the enzyme. The synthesis of 4 was accomplished in a one step procedure by employing the direct reductive amination in aqueous media between unprotected sugar phosphonate and glyphosate. The analogue 4 proved to be a competitive inhibitor of KDO8P synthase with respect to both substrates A5P and PEP binding. In vitro antibacterial tests against a series of different Gram-negative organisms establish that both inhibitors (3 and 4) lack antibacterial activity probably due to their reduced ability to penetrate the bacterial cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Belakhov
- Department of Chemistry, Technion--Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
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27
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Lopin C, Gouhier G, Piettre SR. First synthesis of S,S-dialkyl difluorophosphonodithioates and difluorophosphonotrithioates. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Khanjin NA, Montero JL. Synthesis of mannose-6-phosphate analogs: large-scale preparation of isosteric mannose-6-phosphonate via cyclic sulfate precursor. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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(α-Monofluoroalkyl)phosphonates: a class of isoacidic and “tunable” mimics of biological phosphates. J Fluor Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1139(01)00478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Berkowitz DB, Bose M, Asher NG. A convergent triflate displacement approach to (alpha-monofluoroalkyl)phosphonates. Org Lett 2001; 3:2009-12. [PMID: 11418036 DOI: 10.1021/ol015983z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Treatment of primary alkyl triflates or iodides with the potassium salt of diethyl (alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylsulfonylmethyl)phosphonate yields (alpha-fluoro-alpha-phenylsulfonylalkyl)phosphonates. These can be cleanly desulfonated, in a matter of minutes, with Na(Hg) in MeOH/THF/NaH(2)PO(4). This two-step procedure complements previously reported triflate displacement approaches to alpha-nonfluorinated and alpha,alpha-difluorinated phosphonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304, USA.
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31
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Plantier-Royon R, Portella C. C-Difluoromethylene-containing, C-trifluoromethyl and C-perfluoroalkyl carbohydrates. Synthesis by carbohydrate transformation or building block methods. Carbohydr Res 2000; 327:119-46. [PMID: 10968679 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic methods for preparing carbohydrates bearing a C-branched substituent of the type CF2-Y, with Y = F, Y = CnF(2n + 1) or Y = a carbon-attached or heteroatom-attached nonfluorinated residues, are reviewed. Both direct introduction of C-branched fluorinated substituents (direct trifluoromethylation, perfluoroalkylation or difluoromethylenation) and building block methods from fluorinated synthons are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Plantier-Royon
- Laboratoire Réactions Sélectives et Applications, Associé au CNRS (UMR 6519), Université de Reims, Facult des Sciences, France
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