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Wang X, Li W, Song L, Xie Z, Liu J, Zhao Y, Peng Y. Impact of dietary restriction on development, mating, and reproduction in the natural predator Pardosa pseudoannulata. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39371013 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485324000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Dietary restriction-influenced biological performance is found in many animal species. Pardosa pseudoannulata is a dominant spider species in agricultural fields and is important for controlling pests. In this study, three groups - a control group (CK group), a re-feeding group (RF group), and a dietary restriction group (RT group) - were used to explore development, mating, reproduction, and the expression levels of Vg (vitellogenin) and VgR (vitellogenin receptor) genes in the spider. The findings indicated that when subjected to dietary restriction, the carapace size, weight of the spiderlings, and weight of the adults exhibited a decrease. Furthermore, the preoviposition period and egg stage were observed to be prolonged, while the number of spiderlings decreased. It was also observed that re-feeding reduced cannibalism rates and extended the preoviposition period. Dietary restriction also affected the expression of the Vg-3 gene in the spider. These results will contribute to the understanding of the impact of dietary restriction in predators of pest control, as well as provide a theoretical foundation for the artificial rearing and utilisation of the dominant spider in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Tan K, Ma X, Su B, Zhan C, Yang X, Waiho K, Lim LS, Kwan KY. Targeting TtVgR via siRNA Knockdown Elicits Ovarian Cell Death in the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:575-587. [PMID: 38676851 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The vitellogenin present in the bloodstream undergoes internalization into developing oocytes through the vitellogenin receptor (VgR), a process mediated by receptor-mediated endocytosis. VgR plays a crucial role in facilitating the accumulation of vitellogenin and the maturation of oocytes. In this study, we characterized a Tachypleus tridentatus vitellogenin receptor (TtVgR) gene from the tri-spine horseshoe crab, revealing a length of 1956 bp and encoding 652 amino acid residues with 12 exons. TtVgR has a molecular weight of 64.26 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.95. Predictions indicate 85 phosphorylation sites and 7 glycosylation sites within TtVgR. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated specific expression of TtVgR in the ovary and yellow connective tissue. TtVgR was identified and distributed in the plasma membrane of oocytes. The siRNA-mediated TtVgR knockdown significantly reduced the transcriptional activity of TtVgR. This depletion induced excessive ROS production, resulting in DNA damage in ovarian primary cells. TUNEL and flow cytometry analyses confirmed ovarian cell apoptosis following TtVgR knockdown, indicating DNA damage in ovarian primary cells. These findings underscore the importance of TtVgR in ovarian cell development, suggesting its potential involvement in vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation. This knowledge may inform innovative breeding strategies and contribute to the sustainable management and conservation of the tri-spine horseshoe crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kianann Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Ministry of Natural Resources, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Beihai, 536000, Guangxi, China
| | - Boyu Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Chen Zhan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China
| | - Khor Waiho
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus City, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Leong-Seng Lim
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu City, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kit Yue Kwan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou City, 535011, Guangxi, China.
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Hall GB, Shannon A, Hildenberger D, Brady K, Long JA. Vitrified turkey ovarian tissue cultured and assessed through gene expression patterns: A potential screening tool. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104837. [PMID: 38072182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Biobanking of turkey ovarian tissue has the potential to play a crucial part in preserving female genetics. To date, ovarian tissue has only been vitrified using a standard protocol, with immediate analyses after warming, therefore, long-term cryoinjury is unknown. Long-term cryoinjury was investigated here by in-ovo culturing, fresh (non-vitrified), a purposefully suboptimal poor vitrification (PV), and the standard vitrified (StV) protocol. Assessments were performed via cellular morphological changes and mRNA gene expression differences, immediately (day 0) or after 2, 4, or 6 days of in-ovo culturing. On day 0, the mRNA levels of heat-shock protein A2 (HSPA2) were lowest in the fresh tissue, and increased 5-fold in the StV treatment, and 18-fold in the PV treatment. Whereas, by day 6, growth determining factor 9 (GDF9) mRNA levels within the fresh tissue were over 3-fold and 21-fold higher than StV and PV treatments, respectively. After 6 days of in-ovo culture the follicle density was highest in the fresh ovarian tissue (4701 ± 950 #/mm3), followed by the StV (1601 ± 300 #/mm3), with PV having the lowest density (172 ± 145 #/mm3). This shows that although the density of follicles was higher in StV versus PV, a considerable number (∼65 %) were lost compared to the fresh treatment. Additionally, the HSPA2 expression could be an early screening tool, whereas GDF9 expression could be a late screening tool, used to assess turkey ovarian tissue vitrification protocols. We conclude that the StV protocol should be further optimized to try and improve follicle numbers post-warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Hall
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA; USDA-ARS Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE), 1299 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA.
| | - Amy Shannon
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Diane Hildenberger
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Kristen Brady
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
| | - Julie A Long
- Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
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Jiang H, Li X, Li Y, Liu X, Zhang S, Li H, Zhang M, Wang L, Yu M, Qiao Z. Molecular and functional characterization of ribosome protein S24 in ovarian development of Macrobrachium nipponense. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127934. [PMID: 37939777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) have mang extraribosomal functions including regulation of ovarian development in some organisms. In order to solve the problem of rapid ovarian maturation in Macrobrachium nipponense aquaculture, this study identified a RPS24 (MnRPS24) gene from M. nipponense, which encodes a protein of ββαβαααα folding structure type. MnRPS24 exhibited the greatest expressions in the female adult stage among the six growth stages, in the ovary among the nine tissues, and in the stage I ovary among the six ovarian development stages. The MnRPS24 protein located in the cytoplasm of oogonia, previtellogenic and early-vitellogenic oocytes, and the follicular cells surrounding the oocytes. The expression of the vitellogenin (MnVg), vitellogenin receptor (MnVgr), cell cycle protein B (MnCyclin B) and cell division cyclin 2 (MnCdc2) genes were increased by recombinant MnRPS24 protein incubation. Conversely, the expression of the Wee1 kinase (MnWee1) gene was decreased. MnRPS24 gene silencing downregulated the expression for MnVg, MnVgr, MnCyclin B and MnCdc2 and upregulated the expression for MnWee1. Furthermore, MnRPS24 gene silencing delayed the vitellogenesis of oocytes, halting the progression of ovarian development. The findings of this research demonstrate that MnRPS24 could potentially function as a stimulator in promoting the development of ovaries in M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Jiang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yizheng Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xuewei Liu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Huanxin Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Zhigang Qiao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Hasnain A, Zhang S, Chen Q, Xia L, Wu Y, Gong C, Liu X, Jian P, Zhang L, Wang X. Effects of chlorantraniliprole on the life history traits of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1155455. [PMID: 37064906 PMCID: PMC10098106 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1155455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Spodoptera frugiperda is an important nomadic agricultural pest with a diverse host range and resistance against several insecticides. The current study investigated the life history traits of two strains of the field-collected population against chlorantraniliprole using an age-stage two-sex life table. Method: For this, we established the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible (Crp-SUS G12), and chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible (Crp-RES G12) strains derived from the sixth generation of the QJ-20 population having a resistance ratio (RR) of 10.39-fold, compared with the reported susceptible population. Results: The results showed that the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain attained a 4.0-fold RR, while the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain attained an RR of 0.85-fold, having overlapped fiducial limits (FLs) with the referred susceptible baseline. Meanwhile, the present study revealed that the development time of the susceptible strain was significantly longer than that of the reduced susceptible strain. Similarly, the mean longevity, adult pre-oviposition period (APOP), and total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) of the female chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were considerably longer than those of the female chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. Contrarily, the population parameters, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and net reproductive rate (R), of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were considerably lower than those of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain, while the mean generation time (T) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain was substantially longer than the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. The age-stage characteristic survival rate (s xj ) and age-stage characteristic life expectancy (e xj ) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain were longer than those of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain, but the age-stage-specific reproductive value (v xj ) of the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain was shorter than that of the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain. Moreover, the contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and VgR in the chlorantraniliprole-reduced susceptible strain were higher than those in the chlorantraniliprole-susceptible strain. Discussion: These findings showed that reducing susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole promoted population growth in S. frugiperda. Therefore, this study could provide conceptual support for the integrated pest management (IPM) approach to control S. frugiperda in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hasnain
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuirong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijuan Xia
- Talent Development Service Center, Sichuan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changwei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pu Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xuegui Wang,
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Lebouvier M, Miramón-Puértolas P, Steinmetz PRH. Evolutionarily conserved aspects of animal nutrient uptake and transport in sea anemone vitellogenesis. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4620-4630.e5. [PMID: 36084649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of systemic nutrient transport was a key challenge during animal evolution, yet it is poorly understood. Circulatory systems distribute nutrients in many bilaterians (e.g., vertebrates and arthropods) but are absent in non-bilaterians (e.g., cnidarians and sponges), where nutrient absorption and transport remain little explored at molecular and cellular levels. Vitellogenesis, the accumulation of egg yolk, necessitates high nutrient influx into oocytes and is present throughout animal phyla and therefore represents a well-suited paradigm to study nutrient transport evolution. With that aim, we investigated dietary nutrient transport to the oocytes in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis (Anthozoa). Using a combination of fluorescent bead labeling and marker gene expression, we found that phagocytosis, micropinocytosis, and intracellular digestion of food components occur within the gonad epithelium. Pulse-chase experiments further show that labelled fatty acids rapidly translocate from the gonad epithelium through the extracellular matrix (ECM) into oocytes. Expression of conserved lipid transport proteins vitellogenin (vtg) and apolipoprotein-B (apoB) and colocalization of labeled fatty acids with a fluorescently tagged ApoB protein further support the lipid-shuttling role of the gonad epithelium. Complementary oocyte expression of very low-density lipoprotein receptor (vldlr) orthologs, which mediate endocytosis of bilaterian ApoB- and Vtg-lipoproteins, supports that this evolutionarily conserved ligand/receptor pair underlies lipid transport during sea anemone vitellogenesis. In addition, we identified lipid- and ApoB-rich cells with potential lipid transport roles in the ECM. Altogether, our work supports a long-standing hypothesis that an ECM-based lipid transport system predated the cnidarian-bilaterian split and provided a basis for the evolution of bilaterian circulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lebouvier
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Paula Miramón-Puértolas
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrick R H Steinmetz
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
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Regulation of vtg and VtgR in mud crab Scylla paramamosain by miR-34. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7367-7376. [PMID: 35715603 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07530-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitellogenin (Vtg) is the precursor of major yolk protein and plays a crucial role in the maturation of oocytes and the production of eggs in oviparous animals. Vitellogenin receptor (VtgR) mediates the transport of Vtg explicitly to oocytes in the membrane. In a previous study, we found that miR-34 can regulate the expression of some eyestalk genes and affect reproduction in mud crab Scylla paramamosain, one of the most important economic crabs on the coasts of southern China. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, firstly, we found that miR-34 can target at 3'-UTR of Vtg and VtgR genes by using bioinformatic tools and predicted miR-34 might depress the expression of Vtg and VtgR. Secondly, the relative luciferase activity of HEK293T cells co-transfected with miRNA mimic and pmir-RB-REPORTTM-Vtg/VtgR-3'UTR was significantly lower than those of cells co-transfected with mimic NC and pmir-RB-REPORTTM-Vtg/VtgR-3'UTR. Finally, in vivo experiments showed that agomiR-34 could repress the expression of Vtg and VtgR genes, while Antigomir-34 could promote the expression of these two genes. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm our hypothesis and previous published results that miR-34 may indirectly regulate ovarian development by binding to the 3'-UTR of Vtg and VtgR genes and inhibiting their expression.
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Yang ZM, Lu TY, Wu Y, Yu N, Xu GM, Han QQ, Liu ZW. The importance of vitellogenin receptors in the oviposition of the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:443-452. [PMID: 34237799 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is crucial for vitellogenin (Vg) uptake by oocytes. VgR is less known in Arachnida, especially in spiders. Different from only one VgR in an arthropod species, two VgRs, VgR-1 and VgR-2, were found in the pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata. Both VgRs had the typical domains of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family except for the absence of the ligand-binding domain 1 in VgR-2. Spatiotemporal expression profiles showed that two VgR genes were consistently highly expressed in females and their ovaries, but VgR-1 was 48-fold that of VgR-2 in ovaries. The transcriptional level of VgR-1 was significantly downregulated by RNAi, but it did not work for VgR-2 although several trials were performed. Vg-1 and Vg-2 might be the ligands of VgR-1 because their expressions were also decreased in the dsVgR-1-treated females. Silencing VgR-1 prolonged the pre-oviposition period by 56 h. The expression of VgRs and Vgs were upregulated by juvenile hormones (JHs), which suggested that JHs were the essential factors to vitellogenesis in the spider. The present study revealed the importance of VgR-1 in the spider oviposition, which will improve the understanding on VgR physiological functions in spiders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tian-Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guang-Ming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian-Qian Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ze-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Zhang R, Ji J, Li Y, Yu J, Yu X, Xu Y. Molecular Characterization and RNA Interference Analysis of SLC26A10 From Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Front Physiol 2022; 13:853956. [PMID: 35370768 PMCID: PMC8969416 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.853956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC26A10 is a member of the SLC26 gene family, but its role in insects is still unclear. We cloned the SLC26A10 gene of Nilaparvata lugens (NlSLC26A10) and found NlSLC26A10 contained 11 transmembrane regions and a STAS domain. Expression pattern analysis showed NlSLC26A10 expression was more upregulated in adults than in nymphs, highest in the ovary. After injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of NlSLC26A10, the mRNA level of NlSLC26A10 significantly decreased and, consequently, the ovarian development of adult females was hindered; the amount and the hatchability of eggs and yeast-like symbionts in mature oocytes decreased. Further study showed that NlSLC26A10 might result in decreased juvenile hormone level and vitellogenin expression. These results indicate that NlSLC26A10 plays an essential role in the reproduction of N. lugens.
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Han H, Han S, Qin Q, Chen J, Wang D, He Y. Molecular Identification and Functional Characterization of Vitellogenin Receptor From Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:325-333. [PMID: 34922376 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) have vital roles in reproduction by mediating endocytosis of the vitellogenin (Vg) in oviparous insects. Same as most insect species that possess only one VgR, in this study, a single VgR mRNA (HmVgR) was identified in an important natural enemy ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas). The open reading frame of HmVgR was 5,340 bases encoding a protein of 1,779 amino acids. Bioinformatic analyses showed that HmVgR had conserved domain motifs of low-density lipoprotein receptor family. Based on phylogenetic analysis, HmVgR had highly homologous within the Coleoptera. The transcriptional level of HmVgR was initially detected in the newly emerged female adults, gradually increased from day 3 to day 9, peaked on day 13, and then sharply decreased on day 15. Similar to most insects, HmVgR was expressed specifically in ovarian tissue. Moreover, RNA interference (RNAi) clearly decreased the transcription levels of HmVgR, which blocked the deposition of yolk protein in the ovaries, shortened the ovarian length, and led to negative impacts on reproductive-related parameters (i.e., prolonged preoviposition periods, reduced spawning and depressed hatchability). In sum, these results indicated that HmVgR may be critical for yolk protein deposition of oocytes and can play a key role in reproduction of female adults of H. axyridis. Our results provide conclusive proof for the important roles of HmVgR in fecundity, and establish a basis for further research on its interaction with vitellogenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - ShiPeng Han
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - QiuJu Qin
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Laboratory of Plant Protection, Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan 056000, China
| | - Da Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yunzhuan He
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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11
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Ramos I, Machado E, Masuda H, Gomes F. Open questions on the functional biology of the yolk granules during embryo development. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:86-94. [PMID: 35020238 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biogenesis and consumption of the yolk are well-conserved aspects of the reproductive biology in oviparous species. Most egg-laying animals accumulate yolk proteins within the oocytes thus creating the source of nutrients and energy that will feed embryo development. Yolk accumulation drives the generation of a highly specialized oocyte cytoplasm with maternal mRNAs, ribosomes, mitochondria, and, mainly, a set of organelles collectively referred to as yolk granules (Ygs). Following fertilization, the Ygs are involved in regulated mechanisms of yolk degradation to fuel the anabolic metabolism of the growing embryo. Thus, yolk accumulation and degradation are essential processes that allow successful development in many species. Nevertheless, the molecular machinery and mechanisms dedicated to the programmed yolk mobilization throughout development are still enigmatic and remain mostly unexplored. Moreover, while the Ygs functional biology as a nutritional source for the embryo has been acknowledged, several reports have suggested that Ygs cargoes and functions go far beyond yolk storage. Evidence of the role of Ygs in gene expression, microbiota harboring, and paracrine signaling has been proposed. In this study, we summarize the current knowledge of the Ygs functional biology pointing to open questions and where further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Ramos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ednildo Machado
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hatisaburo Masuda
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular - INCT-EM/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Gomes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho (IBCCF), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Eckelbarger KJ, Hodgson AN. Invertebrate oogenesis – a review and synthesis: comparative ovarian morphology, accessory cell function and the origins of yolk precursors. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.1927861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Eckelbarger
- Darling Marine Center, School of Marine Sciences, The University of Maine, Walpole, Maine, U.S.A
| | - Alan N. Hodgson
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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13
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Wang C, Xia C, Zhu Y, Zhang H. Innovative fluorescent probes for in vivo visualization of biomolecules in living Caenorhabditis elegans. Cytometry A 2021; 99:560-574. [PMID: 33638604 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a well-established multicellular model organism has been widely used in the biological field for half a century. Its numerous advantages including small body size, rapid life cycle, high-reproductive rate, well-defined anatomy, and conserved genome, has made C. elegans one of the most successful multicellular model organisms. Discoveries obtained from the C. elegans model have made great contributions to research fields such as development, aging, biophysics, immunology, and neuroscience. Because of its transparent body and giant cell size, C. elegans is also an ideal subject for high resolution and high-throughput optical imaging and analysis. During the past decade, great advances have been made to develop biomolecule-targeting techniques for noninvasive optical imaging. These novel technologies expanded the toolbox for qualitative and quantitative analysis of biomolecules in C. elegans. In this review, we summarize recently developed fluorescent probes or labeling techniques for visualizing biomolecules at the cellular, subcellular or molecular scale by using C. elegans as the major model organism or designed specifically for the applications in C. elegans. Combining the technological advantages of the C. elegans model with the novel fluorescent labeling techniques will provide new horizons for high-efficiency quantitative optical analysis in live organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chujie Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Huang J, Li G, Cao H, Yang F, Xing C, Zhuang Y, Zhang C, Liu P, Cao H, Hu G. The improving effects of biotin on hepatic histopathology and related apolipoprotein mRNA expression in laying hens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2019-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a metabolic disease mostly observed in laying hens that causes an economic toll on the poultry industry. To investigate the improving effects of biotin on FLHS in laying hens, a total of 135 Hy-Line Brown layers of 300-d-old were randomly divided into three groups and treated for 60 d. The hens from these three groups were fed with different diets: control group (the basal diet), pathology group [high-energy-low-protein diet (HELP)], and treatment group (HELP containing a biotin dosage of 0.3 mg kg−1). The results showed that the mRNA expression level of apolipoprotein A I (apoA I) in pathology group significantly (P < 0.01) decreased on day 60 compared with the control group, while the mRNA level of apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) increased significantly in pathology group on day 30, whereas it decreased significantly on day 60 (P < 0.05). Significantly increased mRNA levels of apoA I and apoB100 were observed in treatment group compared with the pathology group on days 30 and 60 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). These results indicated that biotin could effectively alleviate the pathological changes and abnormal expression of apoA I and apoB100 induced by FLHS, which might closely relate to the ability of biotin to promote egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guyue Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongfeng Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiying Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population and Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Husain M, Rasool KG, Tufail M, Aldawood AS. Molecular characterization, expression pattern and RNAi-mediated silencing of vitellogenin receptor gene in almond moth, Cadra cautella. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 29:417-430. [PMID: 32368832 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The almond moth is an important pest of date fruits worldwide. The females produce several eggs; however, role of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in oocyte development by mediating endocytosis of major yolk protein precursor Vg remains yet unexplored. To investigate the role of vitellogenin receptor (VgR) in reproduction, Cadra cautella vitellogenin receptor (CcVgR) transcript was obtained using rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction. Expression analysis of CcVgR was performed using reverse transcriptase and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in different developmental stages. RNA interference was performed by injecting CcVgR-based double-stranded (ds)RNA at different exposure times. The results revealed that CcVgR is 5421 bp long, encoded 1807 amino acid, belongs to low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily and contains all conserved domains. Expression analysis confirmed that CcVgR is sex-specific and starts to express in female larvae on day 19. Additionally, RNA interference (RNAi) of CcVgR-based dsRNA inhibited CcVgR expression up to 83% after 72 h, reduced fecundity and hatchability, and confirmed involvement of CcVgR in C. cautella reproduction. This report provides a basis for gene silencing in this species, and proposes RNAi technology potential for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Husain
- Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K G Rasool
- Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Tufail
- Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - A S Aldawood
- Economic Entomology Research Unit, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Molecular approaches underlying the oogenic cycle of the scleractinian coral, Acropora tenuis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9914. [PMID: 32555307 PMCID: PMC7303178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the physiological processes of oogenesis in Acropora tenuis. Genes/proteins related to oogenesis were investigated: Vasa, a germ cell marker, vitellogenin (VG), a major yolk protein precursor, and its receptor (LDLR). Coral branches were collected monthly from coral reefs around Sesoko Island (Okinawa, Japan) for histological observation by in situ hybridisation (ISH) of the Vasa (AtVasa) and Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (AtLDLR) genes and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of AtVasa and AtVG. AtVasa immunoreactivity was detected in germline cells and ooplasm, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was detected in ooplasm and putative ovarian tissues. AtVasa was localised in germline cells located in the retractor muscles of the mesentery, whereas AtLDLR was localised in the putative ovarian and mesentery tissues. AtLDLR was detected in coral tissues during the vitellogenic phase, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was found in primary oocytes. Germline cells expressing AtVasa are present throughout the year. In conclusion, Vasa has physiological and molecular roles throughout the oogenic cycle, as it determines gonadal germline cells and ensures normal oocyte development, whereas the roles of VG and LDLR are limited to the vitellogenic stages because they act in coordination with lipoprotein transport, vitellogenin synthesis, and yolk incorporation into oocytes.
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17
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Ning C, Ma T, Hu S, Xu Z, Zhang P, Zhao X, Wang Y, Yin H, Hu Y, Fan X, Zeng B, Yang M, Yang D, Ni Q, Li Y, Zhang M, Xu H, Yao Y, Zhu Q, Li D. Long Non-coding RNA and mRNA Profile of Liver Tissue During Four Developmental Stages in the Chicken. Front Genet 2020; 11:574. [PMID: 32612636 PMCID: PMC7309962 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the major organ of lipid biosynthesis in the chicken. In laying hens, the liver synthesizes most of the yolk precursors and transports them to developing follicles to produce eggs. However, a systematic investigation of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA transcriptome in liver across developmental stages is needed. Here, we constructed 12 RNA libraries from liver tissue during four developmental stages: juvenile (day 60), sexual maturity (day 133), peak laying (day 220), and broodiness (day 400). A total of 16,930 putative lncRNAs and 18,260 mRNAs were identified. More than half (53.70%) of the lncRNAs were intergenic lncRNAs. The temporal expression pattern showed that lncRNAs were more restricted than mRNAs. We identified numerous differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs by pairwise comparison between the four developmental stages and found that VTG2, RBP, and a novel protein-coding gene were differentially expressed in all stages. Time-series analysis showed that the modules with upregulated genes were involved in lipid metabolism processes. Co-expression networks suggested functional relatedness between mRNAs and lncRNAs; the DE-lncRNAs were mainly involved in lipid biosynthesis and metabolism processes. We showed that the liver transcriptome varies across different developmental stages. Our results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying liver development in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyou Ning
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyuan Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Silu Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongxian Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huadong Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaodong Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyong Ni
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huailiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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18
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Chen L, Wang X, Zhang Y, Yang R, Zhang S, Xu X, Zhu M, Gong C, Hasnain A, Shen L, Jiang C. The population growth, development and metabolic enzymes of the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) under the sublethal dose of triflumezopyrim. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125865. [PMID: 31962223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Triflumezopyrim, a new nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) inhibition, can effectively control piercing-sucking insect pests such as white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera). At present, there has been no reports on the effects of triflumezopyrim on the population growth and development of S. furcifera. In this experiment, an age-stage two-sex life table was used to evaluate the impact of triflumezopyrim on the biological parameters of S. furcifera. The results showed that the adult preoviposition period (APOP) and total preoviposition period (TPOP) of the F1 generation were significantly higher than those of the F0 and F4 generations, on the contrary the average fecundity, intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) of the F4 generation were higher than those of the F0 and F1 generations. The results of synergists and enzyme activities indicated that the CarE and P450 activities in the F4 generation were significantly higher than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05). The protein contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) and relative expression quality of VgR in the F4 female adults were also significantly higher than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05). These results showed that triflumezopyrim at a low concentration could promote the growth and reproduction of S. furcifera, and that may provide a reference for the rational use of triflumezopyrim in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Yunzheng Zhang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuirong Zhang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Sichuan Provincial Plant Protection Station, Department of Agriculture, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengjin Zhu
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changwei Gong
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ali Hasnain
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Litao Shen
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunxian Jiang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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19
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Zhang S, Wang X, Gu F, Gong C, Chen L, Zhang Y, Hasnain A, Shen L, Jiang C. Sublethal Effects of Triflumezopyrim on Biological Traits and Detoxification Enzyme Activities in the Small Brown Planthopper Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Front Physiol 2020; 11:261. [PMID: 32317981 PMCID: PMC7154139 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The small brown planthopper [Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)] is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice and has developed strong resistance to several kinds of chemical insecticides. Triflumezopyrim, a novel mesoionic insecticide developed by Corteva Agriscience (formerly DuPont Crop Protection), has efficient biological activity in controlling sucking insects, such as the planthopper. However, the effects of triflumezopyrim on the growth and reproduction of L. striatellus have not been reported. In this study, an F5 generation was obtained by conducting five rounds of insecticide screening on a sensitive L. striatellus strain (F0 generation). An age-stage life table procedure was used to evaluate the effects of a sublethal concentration (LC50) of triflumezopyrim on the biological parameters of L. striatellus. Compared with those of the F0 generation, the intrinsic rate of increase (r), the finite rate (λ), and the net reproductive rate (R0) of the F5 generation were significantly decreased; nevertheless, the average duration of life (T) was not significantly affected. The results of detoxification enzyme activity assays indicated that the glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) activities in the F5 generation were significantly higher than those in the F0 generation. The contents of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) were also detected, and the results indicated that the contents of Vg and VgR in the F5 generation were significantly decreased compared to those in the F0 generation. Furthermore, we detected the relative expression of ecdysone receptor (EcR), Vg, and VgR in the F0 and F5 generations and found that the relative expression levels of Vg and VgR in the F5 generation female adults were obviously lower than those in the F0 generation (P < 0.05), whereas the relative expression of EcR was slightly increased, although the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Based on these results, a sublethal concentration (median lethal concentration, LC50) of triflumezopyrim may inhibit the generational growth and reproduction of L. striatellus. Moreover, our results may provide a reference for further studies of the suitability and resistance mechanisms of L. striatellus subjected to a sublethal dose of triflumezopyrim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuirong Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuegui Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuchuan Gu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changwei Gong
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Hasnain
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Litao Shen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxian Jiang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Crop Science Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Biorational Pesticide Research Laboratory, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Shen G, Chen E, Ji X, Liu L, Liu J, Hua X, Li D, Xiao Y, Xia Q. The POU Transcription Factor POU-M2 Regulates Vitellogenin Receptor Gene Expression in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E394. [PMID: 32268540 PMCID: PMC7230888 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs) play critical roles in egg formation by transporting vitellogenin (Vg) into oocytes in insects. Although the function of VgR in insects is well studied, the transcriptional regulation of this gene is still unclear. Here, we cloned the promoter of the VgR gene from Bombyx mori (BmVgR), and predicted many POU cis-response elements (CREs) in its promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the POU transcription factor POU-M2 bound directly to the CREs of the promoter. Overexpression of POU-M2 in an ovarian cell line (BmNs) enhanced BmVgR transcription and promoter activity detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and luciferase reporter assays. Analyses of expression patterns indicated that POU-M2 was expressed in ovary at day two of wandering stage initially, followed by BmVgR. RNA interference of POU-M2 significantly reduced the transcription of BmVgR in ovary and egg-laying rate. Our results suggest a novel function for the POU factor in silkworm oogenesis by its involvement in BmVgR regulation and expands the understanding of POU factors in insect VgR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwang Shen
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Enxiang Chen
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaocun Ji
- Research Center of Bioenergy & Bioremediation, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Lina Liu
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jianqiu Liu
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoting Hua
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dan Li
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yingdan Xiao
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; (G.S.); (E.C.); (L.L.); (J.L.); (X.H.); (D.L.); (Y.X.)
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericulture Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China
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Molecular characterization and functional analysis of the vitellogenin receptor from eri silkworm, Samia ricini. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 242:110417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Xiang M, Sang D, Dong B, Hu H, Ji R, Wang H. Molecular Features and Expression Patterns of Vitellogenin Receptor in Calliptamus italicus (Orthoptera: Acrididae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2019; 19:5669931. [PMID: 31812980 PMCID: PMC6899333 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptor (VgR) mediates the intake of vitellin via oocytes, thus exerting an important role in vitellogenesis. In this study, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends techniques were adopted to clone the CiVgR gene, namely the VgR gene of Calliptamus italicus, i.e., Orthopteran. The full length of CiVgR was 5,589 bp, and the open reading frame was estimated to be 5,265 bp, which encoded 1,754 amino acids (aa). Sequence alignment analysis showed that CiVgR belonged to the superfamily of low-density lipoprotein receptor genes, which contained several conserved domains, including ligand-binding domains, epidermal growth factor precursor homology domains, transmembrane domains, and cytoplasmic domains. However, no O-linked sugar domain was identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CiVgR had the closest genetic relationship to Blattarias. RT-PCR showed that CiVgR was only specifically expressed in the ovarian tissue of females. quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction showed that the transcription of CiVgR already appeared in the fourth-instar nymph of C. italicus, which gradually increased after adult emergence, peaked at the previtellogenesis stage, and then started to decrease. The expression pattern of CiVgR was closely associated with vitellogenesis. The findings of this study further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the reproduction of C. italicus, and provide new ideas to control this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiang
- International Research Center for the Collaborative Containment of Cross-Border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Di Sang
- International Research Center for the Collaborative Containment of Cross-Border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bin Dong
- International Research Center for the Collaborative Containment of Cross-Border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongxia Hu
- International Research Center for the Collaborative Containment of Cross-Border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Rong Ji
- International Research Center for the Collaborative Containment of Cross-Border Pests in Central Asia, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
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23
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Reducing shell egg cholesterol content. I. Overview, genetic approaches, and nutritional strategies. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933906001206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gaps and barriers: Gap junctions as a channel of communication between the soma and the germline. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 97:167-171. [PMID: 31558347 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gap junctions, expressed in most tissues of the body, allow for the cytoplasmic coupling of adjacent cells and promote tissue cooperation. Gap junctions connect also the soma and the germline in many animals, and transmit somatic signals that are crucial for germline maturation and integrity. In this review, we examine the involvement of gap junctions in the relay of information between the soma and the germline, and ask whether such communication could have consequences for the progeny. While the influence of parental experiences on descendants is of great interest, the possibility that gap junctions participate in the transmission of information across generations is largely unexplored.
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Dittmann M, Buczkowski G, Scharf M, Bennett G. Gene expression changes in response to field-to-lab transition in the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 117:103901. [PMID: 31207215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression research is a valuable tool for investigating how gene regulation and expression control the underlying behaviors that structure a eusocial insect colony. However, labs that focus on ant research frequently keep ant colonies in the lab for ease of sampling. It is typically impractical to accurately emulate the field conditions where ants are collected from, so laboratory colonies can be exposed to drastically different environmental conditions and food sources than they are naturally exposed to in the wild. These shifts in diet and environment can cause changes in the gene expression of the ants, affecting downstream behavioral and physiological systems. To examine the nature of these changes, colonies of the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868), were excavated from North Carolina and transferred to the lab, where they were sampled monthly. Illumina and qPCR analyses were conducted on forager samples to detect any changes in gene expression. Approximately six percent of the Argentine ant genome, which represents 765 genes, showed changes in gene regulation after six months in the laboratory environment. The subset of these genes examined via qPCR show that the expression of many genes are correlated with each other, indicating that these genes might be a part of a regulatory network. These findings showed that ant colonies kept in the lab experience changes in gene expression, resulting in downstream effects. Therefore, lab ant colonies are not necessarily representative of wild colonies when conducting experiments on the gene expression, behavior, and physiology of these colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Dittmann
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | | | - Michael Scharf
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Gary Bennett
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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26
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Michaud DR, Poley JD, Fast MD. Sex-biased gene expression and evolution of candidate reproductive transcripts in adult stages of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Facets (Ott) 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2018-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer 1837) displays numerous sexually dimorphic characteristics. Insights into their underlying molecular components have only recently been explored, which serve to better understand both the basic biology of the louse, associated impacts on drug sensitivity, and evolution of resistance. Expression of 16 L. salmonis genes putatively involved in sexual dimorphism and reproduction were used to determine differences between sexes and better understand responses to mating using RT-qPCR of pre-adult and adult lice. Analysis of these genes revealed the dynamic nature of sex-biased expression across stages. However, female reception of a spermatophore did not appear to impact the expression of these particular genes. Furthermore six of these transcripts and 84 others identified previously in a large-scale louse transcriptomics experiment were used to estimate differences in evolutionary rates and codon-usage bias of sex-related genes using phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) and codonW. Results suggest male-biased genes are evolving at significantly greater rates than female-biased and unbiased genes as evidenced by higher rates of non-synonymous substitutions and lower codon-usage bias in these genes. These analyses expand our understanding of interactions of sex-biased expression across the pre-adult and adult life stages and provide foundations for better understanding evolutionary differences in sex-biased genes of L. salmonis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan R. Michaud
- Hoplite Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, UPEI, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Jordan D. Poley
- Hoplite Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, UPEI, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
- Center for Aquaculture Technologies Canada, 20 Hope Street, Souris PE C0A 2B0, Canada
| | - Mark D. Fast
- Hoplite Research Group, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, UPEI, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
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27
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Liu W, Guo S, Sun D, Zhu L, Zhu F, Lei CL, Sheng L, Phelps B, Wang XP. Molecular characterization and juvenile hormone-regulated transcription of the vitellogenin receptor in the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 229:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
All animal oocytes are surrounded by a glycoproteinaceous egg coat, a specialized extracellular matrix that serves both structural and species-specific roles during fertilization. Egg coat glycoproteins polymerize into the extracellular matrix of the egg coat using a conserved protein-protein interaction module-the zona pellucida (ZP) domain-common to both vertebrates and invertebrates, suggesting that the basic structural features of egg coats have been conserved across hundreds of millions of years of evolution. Egg coat proteins, as with other proteins involved in reproduction, are frequently found to be rapidly evolving. Given that gamete compatibility must be maintained for the fitness of sexually reproducing organisms, this finding is somewhat paradoxical and suggests a role for adaptive diversification in reproductive protein evolution. Here we review the structure and function of metazoan egg coat proteins, with an emphasis on the potential role their evolution has played in the creation and maintenance of species boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Killingbeck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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29
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Omer NA, Hu Y, Hu Y, Idriss AA, Abobaker H, Hou Z, Dong H, Zhao R. Dietary betaine activates hepatic VTGII expression in laying hens associated with hypomethylation of GR gene promoter and enhanced GR expression. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2018; 9:2. [PMID: 29375826 PMCID: PMC5773019 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitellogenin (VTG) is a precursor of egg yolk proteins synthesized within the liver of oviparous vertebrates. Betaine is an important methyl donor that is reported to improve egg production of laying hens with an unclear mechanism. In the present study, we fed betaine-supplemented diet (0.5%) to laying hens for 4 wk and investigated its effect on VTGII expression in the liver. Results Betaine did not affect chicken weight, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased egg laying rate accompanied with a significant (P < 0.05) increase in hepatic concentration and plasma level of VTGII. Plasma estrogen level did not change, but the hepatic expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) mRNA was significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated. Betaine did not affect the protein content of ERα, but significantly (P < 0.05) increased hepatic expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) at both mRNA and protein levels. Also, ERα/GR interaction tended to be enhanced in the liver nuclear lysates of betaine-supplemented hens as determined by co-immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, dietary betaine supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) the hepatic expression of methyl-transfer enzymes, such as BHMT, GNMT, and DNMT1, which was associated with higher SAM/SAH ratio and hypomethylation of GR promoter regions. Conclusions Betaine activates hepatic VTGII expression in association with modified DNA methylation of GR gene promoter, GR expression and ERα/GR interaction. Activation of hepatic VTGII expression may contribute, at least partly, to improved egg production in betaine-supplemented hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagmeldin A Omer
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Hu
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hu
- 4Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Abdulrahman A Idriss
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Halima Abobaker
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Hou
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Dong
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- 1MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,2Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing, 210095 People's Republic of China
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Biofunctional analysis of Vitellogenin and Vitellogenin receptor in citrus red mites, Panonychus citri by RNA interference. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16123. [PMID: 29170435 PMCID: PMC5701056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Panonychus citri is one of the most damaging pests of horticultural crops. Conventional control of this pest population through pesticides has led to the enhanced pest resistance. Management of P. citri population through RNAi, is still largely unknown. In oviparous organisms, fabrication and development of yolk protein play a vital role in the reproduction. Vitellin (Vn) is the source of eggs storage that helps in proper functioning of Vitellogenin (Vg) and Vitellogenin receptor (VgR). VgR is very compulsory protein for the development of Vg into oocytes. In the current study, Vg (PcVg) and VgR (PcVgR) genes were studied and their expressions at different developmental stages were quantified by RT-qPCR. Females treated with dsRNA of PcVg and PcVgR genes exhibited reduction in gene expression. Down regulation of target genes significantly effected oviposition and reduced the egg laying capacity up to 48% as compared to control (ds-egfp). Synergistic effect of target gene’s dsRNA was also accessed that reduced the egg laying up to 60.42%. Furthermore, combination of target dsRNA on deutonymph and protonymph also resulted in 67% and 70% reduction in eggs, respectively. Synergistic effect of dsRNA at 1000 ng/ul resulted in longer life span as compared to control treatments. This study suggests to develop a new strategy of P. citri population control by reducing its reproduction.
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Zhang P, Zhao Y, Yu S, Liu J, Hao Y, Zhang H, Ge W, Min L, Shen W, Li Q, Kou X, Ma H, Li L. Proteome analysis of egg yolk after exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Theriogenology 2017; 95:154-162. [PMID: 28460670 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are promising candidates as animal diet additive. However, several studies have reported that ZnO NPs cause adverse effects on organisms. Hen egg yolk proteins play vital roles during embryonic development. Although we found ZnO NPs altered the function of the ovary and liver, the effects of ZnO NPs on egg yolk proteins are not as yet understood. In this report, egg yolk proteome was investigated after ZnO NPs treatment. A total of 37 proteins were specifically regulated just by ZnO-NP-50 mg/kg, and 22 proteins were changed solely by ZnSO4-50 mg/kg. Seventeen proteins were regulated by both ZnO-NP-50 mg/kg and ZnSO4-50 mg/kg treatments. Furthermore, the proteins changed by ZnO NPs or ZnSO4 were enriched into different functional groups, respectively, by GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment. For the first time, this investigation reports that intact NPs produce a different impact on the egg yolk proteome compared to that of Zn2+. The changes in protein levels by ZnO NPs in egg yolk might influence the value of egg yolk as nutrient and the embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Shuai Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Core Laboratories of Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Yanan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Lingjing Min
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Qunjie Li
- Shouguan Veterinary and Livestock Administration, Weifang, 261000, PR China
| | - Xin Kou
- Shouguan Veterinary and Livestock Administration, Weifang, 261000, PR China
| | - Huanfa Ma
- Shouguan Veterinary and Livestock Administration, Weifang, 261000, PR China
| | - Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China.
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Yoshimura Y, Barua A. Female Reproductive System and Immunology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1001:33-57. [PMID: 28980228 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-3975-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Health of the reproductive organs is essential for formation and production of high quality and hygienic eggs. It is of importance to review the structures and functions of female reproductive system for better understanding of the mechanism by which the eggs are formed. The unique functions of ovarian cells for follicular growth and differentiation as well as steroidogenesis and oocyte maturation are regulated by gonadotropins and gonadal steroids. The oviduct is responsible for egg formation, while the unique function to store sperms for a prolonged period takes place in the specific tissue of this organ. The unique innate and adaptive immuno-defense systems that play essential role to prevent infection are developed in the ovary and oviduct. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) that recognize the molecular pattern of microbes and initiate the immunoresponse are expressed in those organs. Avian β-defensins (AvBDs), a member of antimicrobial peptides, are synthesized by the ovarian and oviductal cells. Challenge of those cells by TLR ligands upregulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which in turn stimulate the expression of AvBDs. The adaptive immune system in the ovary and oviduct is also unique, since the migration of lymphocytes is enhanced by estrogens. In contrast to the development of immuno-defense system, spontaneous ovarian cancer and uterine fibroids appear more frequently in chickens than in mammals, and thus chickens could be used as a model for studying these diseases. Thus the avian reproductive organs have unique functions not only for egg formation but also for the immuno-defense system, which is essential for prevention of infection and production of hygienic eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
| | - Animesh Barua
- Departments of Pharmacology, Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Liu X, Shen G, Xu H, He L. The fenpropathrin resistant Tetranychus cinnabarinus showed increased fecundity with high content of vitellogenin and vitellogenin receptor. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 134:31-38. [PMID: 27914537 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), an agricultural pest of economically important crops, has developed resistance to a group of pesticides. We have selected a fenpropathrin-resistant strain (FeR) of T. cinnabarinus from the isogenous and susceptible strain (SS), and found that the FeR not only showed resistance but its fecundity also increased. According to the numbers of eggs laid per day of both strains, the FeR was more fertile than SS throughout the life span. To investigate the underlying reason, the protein contents of vitellogenin (vg) and vitellogenin receptor (vgr) were detected, and the results showed both of them were significantly higher in FeR than in SS. Then, the mRNA-expressions of vg and vgr genes were compared between FeR and SS. From the transcriptome data of T. cinnabarinus, we classified two vg genes (designated as Tcvg1 and Tcvg2, respectively) and a vgr gene (designated as Tcvgr). The expressions of Tcvg1, Tcvg2 and Tcvgr were highly associated with the fecundity of the mites that their mRNAs were extremely abundant at the adult stage, but hardly detectable during the developmental period (from egg to deutonymph). In accordance with the protein content, the expression levels of the three genes were all significantly higher in FeR than they were in SS. These results suggested that after resistance selection with fenpropathrin in T. cinnabarinus, the fecundity and the expression of reproduction-related genes (vg and vgr) were significantly higher in fenpropathrin resistant strain than that in susceptible strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangmao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin He
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Liu L, Wang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Hou Y, Zhang Y, Wei S, Zhao P, Zhao P, He H. LBD1 of Vitellogenin Receptor Specifically Binds to the Female-Specific Storage Protein SP1 via LBR1 and LBR3. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162317. [PMID: 27637099 PMCID: PMC5026343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Storage proteins are the major protein synthesized in the fat body, released into hemolymph and re-sequestered into the fat body before pupation in most insect species. Storage proteins are important amino acid and nutrition resources during the non-feeding pupal period and play essential roles for the metamorphosis and oogenesis of insects. The sequestration of storage protein is a selective, specific receptor-mediated process. However, to date, the potential receptor mediating the sequestration of storage protein has not been determined in Bombyx mori. In this study, we expressed and purified the first ligand binding domain of Bombyx mori vitellogenin receptor (BmVgR), LBD1, and found LBD1 could bind with an unknown protein from the hemolymph of the ultimate silkworm larval instar via pull-down assay. This unknown protein was subsequently identified to be the female-specific storage protein SP1 by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, far western blotting assay, immunoprecipitation and isothermal titration calorimetry analysis demonstrated LBD1 specifically bound with the female-specific SP1, rather than another unisex storage protein SP2. The specific binding of LBD1 with SP1 was dependent on the presence of Ca2+ as it was essential for the proper conformation of LBD1. Deletion mutagenesis and ITC analysis revealed the first and third ligand binding repeats LBR1 and LBR3 were indispensable for the binding of LBD1 with SP1, and LBR2 and LBR4 also had a certain contribution to the specific binding. Our results implied BmVgR may mediate the sequestration of SP1 from hemolymph into the fat body during the larval-pupal transformation of Bombyx mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yejing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (HH)
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shuguang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huawei He
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (HH)
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Molecular Characterization and Function Analysis of the Vitellogenin Receptor from the Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155785. [PMID: 27192057 PMCID: PMC4871585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing oocytes accumulate plentiful yolk protein during oogenesis through receptor-mediated endocytosis. The vitellogenin receptor (VgR), belonging to the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, regulates the absorption of yolk protein. In this work, the full-length vitellogenin receptor (HaVgR) in the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was identified, encoding a 1817 residue protein. Sequence alignment revealed that the sequence of HaVgR contained all of the conservative structural motifs of LDLR family members, and phylogenetic analysis indicated that HaVgR had a high identity among Lepidoptera and was distinct from that of other insects. Consistent with other insects, HaVgR was specifically expressed in ovarian tissue. The developmental expression pattern showed that HaVgR was first transcribed in the newly metamorphosed female adults, reached a peak in 2-day-old adults and then declined. Western blot analysis also revealed an ovarian-specific and developing expression pattern, which was consistent with the HaVgR mRNA transcription. Moreover, RNAi-mediated HaVgR knockdown strongly reduced the VgR expression in both the mRNA and protein levels, which inhibited the yolk protein deposition in the ovaries, led to the dramatic accumulation of vitellogenin and the up-regulation of HaVg expression in hemolymph, and eventually resulted in a declined fecundity. Together, all of these findings demonstrate that HaVgR is a specific receptor in uptake and transportation of yolk protein for the maturation of oocytes and that it plays a critical role in female reproduction.
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Reversible reprotoxic effects of manganese through DAF-16 transcription factor activation and vitellogenin downregulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Life Sci 2016; 151:218-223. [PMID: 26972607 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vitellogenesis is the yolk production process which provides the essential nutrients for the developing embryos. Yolk is a lipoprotein particle that presents lipids and lipid-binding proteins, referred to as vitellogenins (VIT). The Caenorhabditis elegans nematode has six genes encoding VIT lipoproteins. Several pathways are known to regulate vitellogenesis, including the DAF-16 transcription factor. Some reports have shown that heavy metals, such as manganese (Mn), impair brood size in C. elegans; however the mechanisms associated with this effect have yet to be identified. Our aim was to evaluate Mn's effects on C. elegans reproduction and better understand the pathways related to these effects. MAIN METHODS Young adult larval stage worms were treated for 4h with Mn in 85mM NaCl and Escherichia coli OP50 medium. KEY FINDINGS Mn reduced egg-production and egg-laying during the first 24h after the treatment, although the total number of progenies were indistinguishable from the control group levels. This delay may have occurred due to DAF-16 activation, which was noted only after the treatment and was not apparent 24h later. Moreover, the expression, protein levels and green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence associated with VIT were decreased soon after Mn treatment and recovered after 24h. SIGNIFICANCE Combined, these data suggest that the delay in egg-production is likely regulated by DAF-16 and followed by the inhibition of VIT transport activity. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms associated with Mn-induced DAF-16 activation.
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De Loof A, Schoofs L, Huybrechts R. The endocrine system controlling sexual reproduction in animals: Part of the evolutionary ancient but well conserved immune system? Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 226:56-71. [PMID: 26707056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Drastic changes in hormone titers, in particular of steroid hormones, are intuitively interpreted as necessary and beneficial for optimal functioning of animals. Peaks in progesterone- and estradiol titers that accompany the estrus cycle in female vertebrates as well as in ecdysteroids at each molt and during metamorphosis of holometabolous insects are prominent examples. A recent analysis of insect metamorphosis yielded the view that, in general, a sharp rise in sex steroid hormone titer signals that somewhere in the body some tissue(s) is undergoing programmed cell death/apoptosis. Increased steroid production is part of this process. Typical examples are ovarian follicle cells in female vertebrates and invertebrates and the prothoracic gland cells, the main production site of ecdysteroids in larval insects. A duality emerges: programmed cell death-apoptosis is deleterious at the cellular level, but it may yield beneficial effects at the organismal level. Reconciling both opposites requires reevaluating the probable evolutionary origin and role of peptidic brain hormones that direct steroid hormone synthesis. Do e.g. Luteinizing Hormone in vertebrates and Prothoracicotropic Hormone (PTTH: acting through the Torso receptor) in insects still retain an ancient role as toxins in the early immune system? Does the functional link of some neuropeptides with Ca(2+)-induced apoptosis make sense in endocrine archeology? The endocrine system as a remnant of the ancient immune system is undoubtedly counterintuitive. Yet, we will argue that such paradigm enables the logical framing of many aspects, the endocrine one inclusive of both male and female reproductive physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold De Loof
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Liliane Schoofs
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roger Huybrechts
- Insect Physiology and Molecular Ethology Group, Department of Biology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Belgium
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Abstract
Oogenesis is an essential cellular and developmental process to prepare the oocyte for propagation of a species after fertilization. Oocytes of oviparous animals are enormous cells endowed with many, big cellular compartments, which are interconnected through active intracellular transport. The dynamic transport pathways and the big organelles of the oocyte provide the opportunity to study cellular trafficking with outstanding resolution. Hence, oocytes were classically used to investigate cellular compartments. Though many novel regulators of vesicle trafficking have been discovered in yeast, tissue culture cells and invertebrates, recent forward genetic screens in invertebrate and vertebrate oocytes isolated novel control proteins specific to multicellular organisms. Zebrafish is a widely used vertebrate model to study cellular and developmental processes in an entire animal. The transparency of zebrafish embryos allows following cellular events during early development with in vivo imaging. Unfortunately, the active endocytosis of the oocyte also represents a drawback for imaging. The massive amounts of yolk globules prevent the penetration of light-beams and currently make in vivo microscopy a challenge. As a consequence, electron microscopy (EM) still provides the highest resolution to analyze the ultra-structural details of compartments and organelles and the mechanisms controlling many cellular pathways of the oocyte. Among different fixation approaches for EM, High Pressure Freezing (HPF) in combination with freeze substitution significantly improves the samples preservation closest to their natural status. Here, we describe the HPF with freeze substitution embedding method for analyzing cellular processes in zebrafish oocytes using electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palsamy Kanagaraj
- Institut für Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Max-Planck Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roland Dosch
- Institut für Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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Lynn DA, Dalton HM, Sowa JN, Wang MC, Soukas AA, Curran SP. Omega-3 and -6 fatty acids allocate somatic and germline lipids to ensure fitness during nutrient and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:15378-83. [PMID: 26621724 PMCID: PMC4687584 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1514012112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals in nature are continually challenged by periods of feast and famine as resources inevitably fluctuate, and must allocate somatic reserves for reproduction to abate evolutionary pressures. We identify an age-dependent lipid homeostasis pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans that regulates the mobilization of lipids from the soma to the germline, which supports fecundity but at the cost of survival in nutrient-poor and oxidative stress environments. This trade-off is responsive to the levels of dietary carbohydrates and organismal oleic acid and is coupled to activation of the cytoprotective transcription factor SKN-1 in both laboratory-derived and natural isolates of C. elegans. The homeostatic balance of lipid stores between the somatic and germ cells is mediated by arachidonic acid (omega-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (omega-3) precursors of eicosanoid signaling molecules. Our results describe a mechanism for resource reallocation within intact animals that influences reproductive fitness at the cost of somatic resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana A Lynn
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Hans M Dalton
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Jessica N Sowa
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Meng C Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Alexander A Soukas
- Center for Human Genetic Research and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sean P Curran
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089;
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40
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Lin WJ, Chien CY, Tsai CL, Chen ME. A NONOVARY-SPECIFIC VITELLOGENIN RECEPTOR FROM THE ORIENTAL FRUIT FLY, Bactrocera dorsalis (HENDEL). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 90:169-180. [PMID: 26280361 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin (Vg), is absorbed into growing oocytes via receptor-mediated endocytosis for embryonic development. In this study, a Vg receptor (VgR) cDNA of the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel) was cloned via RT-PCR and RACE (GenBank accession no. KR535603) and its expression analyzed. The BdVgR cDNA has a length of 6,585 bp encoding 1,923 amino acids. It has a conserved motif arrangement with other insect VgRs, and showed high identity to the B. cucurbitae VgR (91.4%). The expression of BdVgR mRNA and proteins was shown in both ovary and fat body. This is the first report on a nonovary-specific VgR from a nonsocial insect. In ovary, the expression of BdVgR mRNA and proteins was inconsistent, with the transcription, but not protein, level high on D0. In fat body, the expression levels of BdVgR mRNA and proteins were high on days 5 and 6. The function of BdVgR in the fat body is not clear. However, it may be involved in reuptake of yolk proteins from the hemolymph as an amino acid reservoir or as autocrine regulation of yolk protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Lin
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chien
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lung Tsai
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Er Chen
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Rompay LV, Borghgraef C, Beets I, Caers J, Temmerman L. New genetic regulators question relevance of abundant yolk protein production in C. elegans. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16381. [PMID: 26553710 PMCID: PMC4639837 DOI: 10.1038/srep16381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenesis or maternal yolk formation is considered critical to the reproduction of egg-laying animals. In invertebrates, however, most of its regulatory genes are still unknown. Via a combined mapping and whole-genome sequencing strategy, we performed a forward genetic screen to isolate novel regulators of yolk production in the nematode model system Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition to isolating new alleles of rab-35, rab-10 and M04F3.2, we identified five mutant alleles corresponding to three novel regulatory genes potently suppressing the expression of a GFP-based yolk reporter. We confirmed that mutations in vrp-1, ceh-60 and lrp-2 disrupt endogenous yolk protein synthesis at the transcriptional and translational level. In contrast to current beliefs, our discovered set of mutants with strongly reduced yolk proteins did not show serious reproduction defects. This raises questions as to whether yolk proteins per se are needed for ultimate reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Van Rompay
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 bus 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charline Borghgraef
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 bus 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel Beets
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 bus 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelle Caers
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 bus 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Temmerman
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59 bus 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Qian C, Fu WW, Wei GQ, Wang L, Liu QN, Dai LS, Sun Y, Zhu BJ, Liu CL. IDENTIFICATION AND EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF VITELLOGENIN RECEPTOR FROM THE WILD SILKWORM, Bombyx mandarina. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 89:181-192. [PMID: 25808998 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The vitellogenin receptor (VgR) plays a key role on embryonic development in oviparous animals. Here, we cloned a VgR gene, which was identified from the wild silkworm Bombyx mandarina (BmaVgR) using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Sequence analysis revealed that BmaVgR is 5,861 bp long with an open reading frame encoded by 1,811 amino acid residues. The predicted amino acid sequence has 99.7 and 98.2% identity with the VgRs of Actias selene and Bombyx mori, respectively. The class B domain sequence of BmaVgR was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified by a Ni-NTA column. Polyclonal antibodies were produced against the purified recombinant protein, and titer of the antibody was about 1:12,800 measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot and RT-qPCR showed that BmaVgR was expressed in the ovary and fat body of female larvae and the ovary of moth, and the expression level was highest at the third day and then declined from third day to seventh in fat body of pupa. After knockdown of the BmaVgR gene through RNA interference (RNAi), other three BmaVgR-related genes (Vg, egg-specific protein, and low molecular weight lipoprotein LP gene) were all downregulated significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Qian
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Qing Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ning Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Jian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Liang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
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43
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Hellinga JR, Garduño RA, Kormish JD, Tanner JR, Khan D, Buchko K, Jimenez C, Pinette MM, Brassinga AKC. Identification of vacuoles containing extraintestinal differentiated forms of Legionella pneumophila in colonized Caenorhabditis elegans soil nematodes. Microbiologyopen 2015; 4:660-81. [PMID: 26131925 PMCID: PMC4554460 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila, a causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, is a facultative intracellular parasite of freshwater protozoa. Legionella pneumophila features a unique developmental network that involves several developmental forms including the infectious cyst forms. Reservoirs of L. pneumophila include natural and man-made freshwater systems; however, recent studies have shown that isolates of L. pneumophila can also be obtained directly from garden potting soil suggesting the presence of an additional reservoir. A previous study employing the metazoan Caenorhabditis elegans, a member of the Rhabditidae family of free-living soil nematodes, demonstrated that the intestinal lumen can be colonized with L. pneumophila. While both replicative forms and differentiated forms were observed in C. elegans, these morphologically distinct forms were initially observed to be restricted to the intestinal lumen. Using live DIC imaging coupled with focused transmission electron microscopy analyses, we report here that L. pneumophila is able to invade and establish Legionella-containing vacuoles (LCVs) in the intestinal cells. In addition, LCVs containing replicative and differentiated cyst forms were observed in the pseudocoelomic cavity and gonadal tissue of nematodes colonized with L. pneumophila. Furthermore, establishment of LCVs in the gonadal tissue was Dot/Icm dependent and required the presence of the endocytic factor RME-1 to gain access to maturing oocytes. Our findings are novel as this is the first report, to our knowledge, of extraintestinal LCVs containing L. pneumophila cyst forms in C. elegans tissues, highlighting the potential of soil-dwelling nematodes as an alternate environmental reservoir for L. pneumophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline R Hellinga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Rafael A Garduño
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 1X5.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 1X5
| | - Jay D Kormish
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Jennifer R Tanner
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Deirdre Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Kristyn Buchko
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Celine Jimenez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Mathieu M Pinette
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Ann Karen C Brassinga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
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Molecular characterization of vitellogenin and its receptor genes from citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:4759-73. [PMID: 25739087 PMCID: PMC4394447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16034759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The production and uptake of yolk protein play an important role in the reproduction of all oviparous organisms. Vitellogenin (Vg) is the precursor of vitellin (Vn), which is the major egg storage protein, and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is a necessary protein for the uptake of Vg into developing oocytes. In this paper, we characterize the full-length Vg and VgR, PcVg1 and PcVgR, respectively, of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (McGregor). The PcVg1 cDNA is 5748 nucleotides (nt) with a 5553-nt open reading frame (ORF) coding for 1851 amino acids (aa), and the PcVgR is 6090 nt, containing an intact ORF of 5673 nt coding an expected protein of 1891 aa. The PcVg1 aa sequence shows a typical GLCG domain and several K/RXXR cleavage sites, and PcVgR comprises two ligand-binding domains, two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like regions containing YWTD motifs, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. An analysis of the aa sequences and phylogenetics implied that both genes were genetically distinct from those of ticks and insects. The transcriptional profiles determined by real-time quantitative PCR in different developmental stages showed that both genes present the same expressional tendencies in eggs, larvae, nymphs, and adults. This suggested that the biosynthesis and uptake of PcVg occurs coordinately. The strong reproductive capacity of P. citri has been hypothesized as an important factor in its resistance; consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating Vg and VgR are fundamental for mite control.
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Lu K, Shu Y, Zhou J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Chen M, Yao Q, Zhou Q, Zhang W. Molecular characterization and RNA interference analysis of vitellogenin receptor from Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 73:20-9. [PMID: 25617689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitellogenin receptors (VgRs), members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) superfamily, are responsible for taking vitellogenin (Vg) into developing oocytes. Here the first full-length VgR cDNA from a hemipteran insect, the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), was cloned and sequenced. The complete mRNA sequence was 6174 bp in length with an open reading frame (ORF) of 5796 bp encoding 1931 amino acid residues. N. lugens VgR (NlVgR) contained two ligand-binding domains with five LDLR Class A cysteine-rich repeats in the first domain and eight in the second domain, which was similar to other insect VgRs. NlVgR was specifically expressed in the ovary, and the mRNA level started to increase after adult female emergence, with a peak on day 7 in the adult stage, and then declined. Western blot analysis of NlVgR protein revealed an ovary-specific expression pattern, which was consistent with NlVgR transcript detection. Injection with NlVgR double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) significantly disturbed NlVgR, which led to a decrease in NlVg protein content in the ovaries, an accumulation of NlVg protein in the hemolymph, the arrested development of ovaries, and the failure of insects to reproduce. Besides, NlVgR expression was significantly upregulated after the topical application of juvenile hormone (JH) III. These results suggest that VgR is critical for Vg uptaking of oocytes and it plays an important role in insect fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yinghua Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Mingxiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qiong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Institute of Entomology, Sun-Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Rodriguez D, Sanders EN, Farell K, Langenbacher AD, Taketa DA, Hopper MR, Kennedy M, Gracey A, De Tomaso AW. Analysis of the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri reveals a set of genes associated with fertility. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:1183. [PMID: 25542255 PMCID: PMC4523013 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gonad differentiation is an essential function for all sexually reproducing species, and many aspects of these developmental processes are highly conserved among the metazoa. The colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri is a chordate model organism which offers two unique traits that can be utilized to characterize the genes underlying germline development: a colonial life history and variable fertility. These properties allow individual genotypes to be isolated at different stages of fertility and gene expression can be characterized comprehensively. Results Here we characterized the transcriptome of both fertile and infertile colonies throughout blastogenesis (asexual development) using differential expression analysis. We identified genes (as few as 7 and as many as 647) regulating fertility in Botryllus at each stage of blastogenesis. Several of these genes appear to drive gonad maturation, as they are expressed by follicle cells surrounding both testis and oocyte precursors. Spatial and temporal expression of differentially expressed genes was analyzed by in situ hybridization, confirming expression in developing gonads. Conclusion We have identified several genes expressed in developing and mature gonads in B. schlosseri. Analysis of genes upregulated in fertile animals suggests a high level of conservation of the mechanisms regulating fertility between basal chordates and vertebrates. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1183) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delany Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Erin N Sanders
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Kelsea Farell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Adam D Langenbacher
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Daryl A Taketa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Michelle Rae Hopper
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Morgan Kennedy
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
| | - Andrew Gracey
- Department of Marine Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| | - Anthony W De Tomaso
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
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Khanna A, Johnson DL, Curran SP. Physiological roles for mafr-1 in reproduction and lipid homeostasis. Cell Rep 2014; 9:2180-91. [PMID: 25497095 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maf1 is a conserved repressor of RNA polymerase (Pol) III transcription; however, its physiological role in the context of a multicellular organism is not well understood. Here, we show that C. elegans MAFR-1 is functionally orthologous to human Maf1, represses the expression of both RNA Pol III and Pol II transcripts, and mediates organismal fecundity and lipid homeostasis. MAFR-1 impacts lipid transport by modulating intestinal expression of the vitellogenin family of proteins, resulting in cell-nonautonomous defects in the developing reproductive system. MAFR-1 levels inversely correlate with stored intestinal lipids, in part by influencing the expression of the lipogenesis enzymes fasn-1/FASN and pod-2/ACC1. Animals fed a high carbohydrate diet exhibit reduced mafr-1 expression and mutations in the insulin signaling pathway genes daf-18/PTEN and daf-16/FoxO abrogate the lipid storage defects associated with deregulated mafr-1 expression. Our results reveal physiological roles for mafr-1 in regulating organismal lipid homeostasis, which ensure reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshat Khanna
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Deborah L Johnson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sean P Curran
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Kanagaraj P, Gautier-Stein A, Riedel D, Schomburg C, Cerdà J, Vollack N, Dosch R. Souffle/Spastizin controls secretory vesicle maturation during zebrafish oogenesis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004449. [PMID: 24967841 PMCID: PMC4072560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
During oogenesis, the egg prepares for fertilization and early embryogenesis. As a consequence, vesicle transport is very active during vitellogenesis, and oocytes are an outstanding system to study regulators of membrane trafficking. Here, we combine zebrafish genetics and the oocyte model to identify the molecular lesion underlying the zebrafish souffle (suf) mutation. We demonstrate that suf encodes the homolog of the Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) gene SPASTIZIN (SPG15). We show that in zebrafish oocytes suf mutants accumulate Rab11b-positive vesicles, but trafficking of recycling endosomes is not affected. Instead, we detect Suf/Spastizin on cortical granules, which undergo regulated secretion. We demonstrate genetically that Suf is essential for granule maturation into secretion competent dense-core vesicles describing a novel role for Suf in vesicle maturation. Interestingly, in suf mutants immature, secretory precursors accumulate, because they fail to pinch-off Clathrin-coated buds. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of the abscission regulator Dynamin leads to an accumulation of immature secretory granules and mimics the suf phenotype. Our results identify a novel regulator of secretory vesicle formation in the zebrafish oocyte. In addition, we describe an uncharacterized cellular mechanism for Suf/Spastizin activity during secretion, which raises the possibility of novel therapeutic avenues for HSP research. Oocytes of egg laying animals frequently represent the biggest cell type of a species. The size of the egg is a consequence of active transport processes, e.g. the import of yolk proteins, which results in the massive storage of vesicles. In addition, secretory vesicles termed cortical granules are stored in the oocyte to be discharged right after fertilization during cortical reaction, which also occurs in mammals. Their secretion leads to chorion expansion, which prevents the lethal entry of additional sperm and protects the developing embryo against physical damage. Mutants with a defect in membrane transport are successful tools to discover genes regulating vesicle formation. We molecularly identify the disrupted gene in the recessive maternal-effect mutation souffle, which encodes a homolog of human SPASTIZIN. SPASTIZIN was previously implicated in endocytosis, but our cellular analysis of mutant oocytes connects this gene also with the regulation of cortical granule exocytosis. More precisely, we show that Suf/Spastizin is crucial for the maturation of cortical granules into secretion competent vesicles describing a novel role for this protein. Since SPASITIZN causes the disease Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia in humans, our results will help to decipher the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palsamy Kanagaraj
- Institut fuer Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universitaet Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Dietmar Riedel
- Max-Planck Institut fuer Biophysikalische Chemie, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schomburg
- Institut fuer Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universitaet Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Joan Cerdà
- IRTA-Institute of Marine Sciences, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadine Vollack
- Institut fuer Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universitaet Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Roland Dosch
- Institut fuer Entwicklungsbiochemie, Georg-August Universitaet Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Departement de Zoologie et Biologie Animale, Universite de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Lee JH, Kim BK, Seo YI, Choi JH, Kang SW, Kang CK, Park WG, Kim HW. Four cDNAs encoding lipoprotein receptors from shrimp (Pandalopsis japonica): structural characterization and expression analysis during maturation. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 169:51-62. [PMID: 24389120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
As in all other oviparous animals, lipoprotein receptors play a critical role in lipid metabolism and reproduction in decapod crustaceans. Four full-length cDNAs encoding lipoprotein receptors (Paj-VgR, Paj-LpR1, Paj-LpR2A, and Paj-LpR2B) were identified from Pandalopsis japonica through a combination of EST screening and PCR-based cloning. Paj-LpR1 appears to be the first crustacean ortholog of insect lipophorin receptors, and its two paralogs, Paj-LpR2A and Paj-LpR2B, exhibited similar structural characteristics. Several transcriptional isoforms were also identified for all three Paj-LpRs. Each expression pattern was unique, suggesting different physiological roles for these proteins. Paj-VgR is an ortholog of vitellogenin (Vg) receptors from other decapod crustaceans. A phylogenetic analysis of lipoproteins and their receptors suggested that the nomenclature of Vgs from decapod crustaceans may need to be changed. A PCR-based transcriptional analysis showed that Paj-VgR and Paj-LpR2B are expressed almost exclusively in the ovary, whereas Paj-LpR1 and Paj-LpR2A are expressed in multiple tissues. The various transcriptional isoforms of the three Paj-LpRs exhibited unique tissue distribution profiles. A transcriptional analysis of each receptor using tissues with different GSI values showed that the change in transcription of Paj-VgRs, Paj-LpR2A and Paj-LpR1 was not as significant as that of Vgs during maturation. However, the transcriptional levels of Paj-LpR2B decreased in ovary at maturation, suggesting that their transcriptional regulation is involved in reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Interdisciplinary program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, South Korea
| | - Bo Kwang Kim
- Interdisciplinary program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, South Korea
| | - Young-Il Seo
- Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, 619-902, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwa Choi
- Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan, 619-902, South Korea
| | - Seung-Wan Kang
- Gyeongsangnam-do Fisheries Resources Research Institute, South Korea
| | - Chang-Keun Kang
- POSTECH Ocean Science and Technology Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, South Korea
| | - Won-gyu Park
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, South Korea; Interdisciplinary program of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, South Korea.
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Smith AD, Reuben Kaufman W. Molecular characterization of the vitellogenin receptor from the tick, Amblyomma hebraeum (Acari: Ixodidae). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 43:1133-1141. [PMID: 24128609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have identified the full-length cDNA encoding a vitellogenin receptor (VgR) from the African bont tick Amblyomma hebraeum Koch (1844). VgRs are members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor superfamily that promote the uptake of the yolk protein vitellogenin (Vg), from the haemolymph. The AhVgR (GenBank accession No. JX846592) is 5703 bp, and encodes an 1801 aa protein with a 196.5 kDa molecular mass following cleavage of a 22 aa signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that AhVgR is highly similar to other tick VgRs. AhVgR is expressed in only the ovary of mated, engorged females, and is absent in all other female tissues and in both fed and unfed males. Unfed, adult females injected with a VgR-dsRNA probe to knock-down VgR expression experienced a significant delay in ovary development and started oviposition significantly later than controls. These results indicate that the expression of AhVgR is important for the uptake of Vg and subsequent maturation of the oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, CW 405, Biological Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.
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