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Jain S, LaFrancois JJ, Gerencer K, Botterill JJ, Kennedy M, Criscuolo C, Scharfman HE. Increasing adult neurogenesis protects mice from epilepsy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.08.548217. [PMID: 37502909 PMCID: PMC10369878 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.08.548217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenesis occurs in the adult brain in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, an area that contains neurons which are vulnerable to insults and injury, such as severe seizures. Previous studies showed that increasing adult neurogenesis reduced neuronal damage after these seizures. Because the damage typically is followed by chronic life-long seizures (epilepsy), we asked if increasing adult neurogenesis would prevent epilepsy. Adult neurogenesis was selectively increased by deleting the pro-apoptotic gene Bax from Nestin-expressing progenitors. Tamoxifen was administered at 6 weeks of age to conditionally delete Bax in Nestin-CreERT2 Bax fl/fl mice. Six weeks after tamoxifen administration, severe seizures (status epilepticus; SE) were induced by injection of the convulsant pilocarpine. After mice developed epilepsy, seizure frequency was quantified for 3 weeks. Mice with increased adult neurogenesis exhibited fewer chronic seizures. Postictal depression was reduced also. These results were primarily in female mice, possibly because they were the more affected by Bax deletion than males, consistent with sex differences in Bax. The female mice with enhanced adult neurogenesis also showed less neuronal loss of hilar mossy cells and hilar somatostatin-expressing neurons than wild type females or males, which is notable because these two hilar cell types are implicated in epileptogenesis. The results suggest that selective Bax deletion to increase adult neurogenesis can reduce experimental epilepsy, and the effect shows a striking sex difference. The results are surprising in light of past studies showing that suppressing adult-born neurons can also reduce chronic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Jain
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
| | - John J. LaFrancois
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
| | - Kasey Gerencer
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Current address: Department of Psychology, The University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469
| | - Justin J. Botterill
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5
| | - Meghan Kennedy
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
| | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Helen E. Scharfman
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
- Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology, Psychiatry, and the New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Teng S, Wang W, Wen JJJ, Wang J, Turi GF, Peng Y. Expression of GCaMP6s in the dentate gyrus induces tonic-clonic seizures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8104. [PMID: 38582752 PMCID: PMC10998915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58819-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
GCaMP is a genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) widely used in neuroscience research. It measures intracellular Ca2+ level by fluorescence changes as it directly binds to Ca2+. In this process, the effect of this calcium buffer on the intracellular calcium signaling and cell physiology is often not taken into consideration. However, growing evidence from calcium imaging studies shows GCaMP expression under certain conditions can generate aberrant activity, such as seizures. In this study, we examined the effect of GCaMP6 expression in the dentate gyrus (DG) on epileptogenesis. We found that viral expression of GCaMP6s but not GCaMP6f in the DG induces tonic-clonic seizures several weeks after viral injection. Cell-type specific expression of GCaMP6s revealed the granule cells (GCs) as the key player in GCaMP6s-induced epilepsy. Finally, by using slice electrophysiology, we demonstrated that GCaMP6s expression increases neuronal excitability in the GCs. Together, this study highlights the ability of GCaMP6s in DG-associated epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Teng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wanqi Wang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Genetics and Development, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Jingxuan Wang
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gergely F Turi
- Division of Systems Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yueqing Peng
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Forte N, Nicois A, Marfella B, Mavaro I, D'Angelo L, Piscitelli F, Scandurra A, De Girolamo P, Baldelli P, Benfenati F, Di Marzo V, Cristino L. Early endocannabinoid-mediated depolarization-induced suppression of excitation delays the appearance of the epileptic phenotype in synapsin II knockout mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:37. [PMID: 38214769 PMCID: PMC11072294 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the transition from the pre-symptomatic to the symptomatic state is a crucial aspect of epileptogenesis. SYN2 is a member of a multigene family of synaptic vesicle phosphoproteins playing a fundamental role in controlling neurotransmitter release. Human SYN2 gene mutations are associated with epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder. Mice knocked out for synapsin II (SynII KO) are prone to epileptic seizures that appear after 2 months of age. However, the involvement of the endocannabinoid system, known to regulate seizure development and propagation, in the modulation of the excitatory/inhibitory balance in the epileptic hippocampal network of SynII KO mice has not been explored. In this study, we investigated the impact of endocannabinoids on glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses at hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells in young pre-symptomatic (1-2 months old) and adult symptomatic (5-8 months old) SynII KO mice. We observed an increase in endocannabinoid-mediated depolarization-induced suppression of excitation in young SynII KO mice, compared to age-matched wild-type controls. In contrast, the endocannabinoid-mediated depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition remained unchanged in SynII KO mice at both ages. This selective alteration of excitatory synaptic transmission was accompanied by changes in hippocampal endocannabinoid levels and cannabinoid receptor type 1 distribution among glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic terminals contacting the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. Finally, inhibition of type-1 cannabinoid receptors in young pre-symptomatic SynII KO mice induced seizures during a tail suspension test. Our results suggest that endocannabinoids contribute to maintaining network stability in a genetic mouse model of human epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Forte
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Alessandro Nicois
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Brenda Marfella
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Isabella Mavaro
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Livia D'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Anna Scandurra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Girolamo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Baldelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy.
- Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Heart and Lung Research Institute of Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Centre NUTRISS, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council of Italy, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy.
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Grieco SF, Holmes TC, Xu X. Probing neural circuit mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease using novel technologies. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4407-4420. [PMID: 36959497 PMCID: PMC10827671 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The study of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has traditionally focused on neuropathological mechanisms that has guided therapies that attenuate neuropathological features. A new direction is emerging in AD research that focuses on the progressive loss of cognitive function due to disrupted neural circuit mechanisms. Evidence from humans and animal models of AD show that dysregulated circuits initiate a cascade of pathological events that culminate in functional loss of learning, memory, and other aspects of cognition. Recent progress in single-cell, spatial, and circuit omics informs this circuit-focused approach by determining the identities, locations, and circuitry of the specific cells affected by AD. Recently developed neuroscience tools allow for precise access to cell type-specific circuitry so that their functional roles in AD-related cognitive deficits and disease progression can be tested. An integrated systems-level understanding of AD-associated neural circuit mechanisms requires new multimodal and multi-scale interrogations that longitudinally measure and/or manipulate the ensemble properties of specific molecularly-defined neuron populations first susceptible to AD. These newly developed technological and conceptual advances present new opportunities for studying and treating circuits vulnerable in AD and represent the beginning of a new era for circuit-based AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Grieco
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Todd C Holmes
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Center for Neural Circuit Mapping (CNCM), University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Burke CT, Vitko I, Straub J, Nylund EO, Gawda A, Blair K, Sullivan KA, Ergun L, Ottolini M, Patel MK, Perez-Reyes E. EpiPro, a Novel, Synthetic, Activity-Regulated Promoter That Targets Hyperactive Neurons in Epilepsy for Gene Therapy Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14467. [PMID: 37833914 PMCID: PMC10572392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epileptogenesis is characterized by intrinsic changes in neuronal firing, resulting in hyperactive neurons and the subsequent generation of seizure activity. These alterations are accompanied by changes in gene transcription networks, first with the activation of early-immediate genes and later with the long-term activation of genes involved in memory. Our objective was to engineer a promoter containing binding sites for activity-dependent transcription factors upregulated in chronic epilepsy (EpiPro) and validate it in multiple rodent models of epilepsy. First, we assessed the activity dependence of EpiPro: initial electrophysiology studies found that EpiPro-driven GFP expression was associated with increased firing rates when compared with unlabeled neurons, and the assessment of EpiPro-driven GFP expression revealed that GFP expression was increased ~150× after status epilepticus. Following this, we compared EpiPro-driven GFP expression in two rodent models of epilepsy, rat lithium/pilocarpine and mouse electrical kindling. In rodents with chronic epilepsy, GFP expression was increased in most neurons, but particularly in dentate granule cells, providing in vivo evidence to support the "breakdown of the dentate gate" hypothesis of limbic epileptogenesis. Finally, we assessed the time course of EpiPro activation and found that it was rapidly induced after seizures, with inactivation following over weeks, confirming EpiPro's potential utility as a gene therapy driver for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy T. Burke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Iuliia Vitko
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Justyna Straub
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Elsa O. Nylund
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Agnieszka Gawda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kathryn Blair
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kyle A. Sullivan
- Computational and Predictive Biology, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
| | - Lara Ergun
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Matteo Ottolini
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA (M.K.P.)
| | - Manoj K. Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA (M.K.P.)
- UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Edward Perez-Reyes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- UVA Brain Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Liu D, Chen J, Ge H, Yan Z, Luo B, Hu X, Yang K, Liu Y, Xiao C, Zhang W, Liu H. Structural plasticity of the contralesional hippocampus and its subfields in patients with glioma. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:6107-6115. [PMID: 37036480 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize the structural plasticity of the contralesional hippocampus and its subfields in patients with unilateral glioma. METHODS 3D T1-weighted MRI images were collected from 55 patients with tumors infiltrating the left (HipL, n = 27) or right (HipR, n = 28) hippocampus, along with 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Gray matter volume differences of the contralesional hippocampal regions and three control regions (superior frontal gyrus, caudate nucleus, and superior occipital gyrus) were evaluated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses. Volumetric differences in the hippocampus and its subregional volume were measured using the FreeSurfer software. RESULTS Compared with HC, patients with unilateral hippocampal glioma exhibited significantly larger gray matter volume in the contralesional hippocampus and parahippocampal regions (cluster = 571 voxels for HipL; cluster 1 = 538 voxels and cluster 2 = 88 voxels for HipR; family-wise error corrected p < 0.05). No significant alterations were found in control regions. Volumetric analyses showed the same trend in the contralesional hippocampal subregions for both patient groups, including the CA1 head, CA3 head, hippocampus amygdala transition area (HATA), fimbria, and the granule cell molecular layer of the dentate gyrus head (GC-ML-DG head). Notably, the differences of the contralesional HATA (HipL: η2 = 0.418, corrected p = 0.002; HipR: η2 = 0.313, corrected p = 0.052) and fimbria (HipL: η2 = 0.450, corrected p < 0.001; HipR: η2 = 0.358, corrected p = 0.012) still held after the Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence for macrostructural plasticity of the contralateral hippocampus in patients with unilateral hippocampal glioma. Specifically, HATA and fimbria exhibit great potential in this process. KEY POINTS • Glioma infiltration of the hippocampal regions induces a significant increase in gray matter volume on the contralateral side. • Specifically, the HATA and fimbria regions exhibit favorable plastic potential in the process of lesion-induced structural remolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Brain Sciences, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honglin Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bei Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinhua Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Brain Sciences, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoyong Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Brain Sciences, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.264, Guangzhou Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Brain Sciences, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Tyulmenkova A, Zwick A, Dillon T, Isgor C. Progressive generalized tonic-clonic seizures in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy: Implications for morphological changes in cortico-limbic and brainstem structures. Epilepsy Res 2023; 194:107178. [PMID: 37295319 PMCID: PMC10527249 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Video/cortical electroencephalography (EEG) is monitored to assess progressive severity of generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCSs) in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy with increased death risk. The mice overexpress the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the forebrain under the calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2a (termed TgBDNF) and develop GTCSs in response to tail suspension/cage agitation stimulation at 3-4 months of age. With successive GTCSs (a total of 16 across 10 weeks of assessment), seizures became more severe as evidenced by increased duration of postictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) associated with loss of posture/consciousness. Mice also developed spike wave discharges with behavioral arrest during the seizure recovery that increased in duration as a function of number of GTCSs. Overall seizure duration (from preictal spike to offset of PGES) and ictal spectral power (full spectra) were also increased. Half of the TgBDNF mice expired following a long period of PGES at the last recorded GTCS. Seizure-evoked general arousal impairment was associated with a striking decrease in total number of gigantocellular neurons of the brainstem nucleus pontis oralis along with increase in volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsal dentate gyrus in severely convulsive TgBDNF mice compared to litter-matched WT controls and non-convulsive TgBDNF mice. The latter effect was accompanied with an increase in total number of hippocampal granule neurons. These results provide structure-function associations in an animal model of adult-onset GTCSs that progressively increase in severity with clinical relevance for sudden unexpected death following generalized seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Tyulmenkova
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Amanda Zwick
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Tashi Dillon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Ceylan Isgor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
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Borzello M, Ramirez S, Treves A, Lee I, Scharfman H, Stark C, Knierim JJ, Rangel LM. Assessments of dentate gyrus function: discoveries and debates. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:502-517. [PMID: 37316588 PMCID: PMC10529488 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00710-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There has been considerable speculation regarding the function of the dentate gyrus (DG) - a subregion of the mammalian hippocampus - in learning and memory. In this Perspective article, we compare leading theories of DG function. We note that these theories all critically rely on the generation of distinct patterns of activity in the region to signal differences between experiences and to reduce interference between memories. However, these theories are divided by the roles they attribute to the DG during learning and recall and by the contributions they ascribe to specific inputs or cell types within the DG. These differences influence the information that the DG is thought to impart to downstream structures. We work towards a holistic view of the role of DG in learning and memory by first developing three critical questions to foster a dialogue between the leading theories. We then evaluate the extent to which previous studies address our questions, highlight remaining areas of conflict, and suggest future experiments to bridge these theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Borzello
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steve Ramirez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Inah Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Helen Scharfman
- Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology and Psychiatry and the Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Craig Stark
- Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - James J Knierim
- Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lara M Rangel
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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9
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Lenz M, Eichler A, Kruse P, Galanis C, Kleidonas D, Andrieux G, Boerries M, Jedlicka P, Müller U, Deller T, Vlachos A. The Amyloid Precursor Protein Regulates Synaptic Transmission at Medial Perforant Path Synapses. J Neurosci 2023; 43:5290-5304. [PMID: 37369586 PMCID: PMC10359033 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1824-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The perforant path provides the primary cortical excitatory input to the hippocampus. Because of its important role in information processing and coding, entorhinal projections to the dentate gyrus have been studied in considerable detail. Nevertheless, synaptic transmission between individual connected pairs of entorhinal stellate cells and dentate granule cells remains to be characterized. Here, we have used mouse organotypic entorhino-hippocampal tissue cultures of either sex, in which the entorhinal cortex (EC) to dentate granule cell (GC; EC-GC) projection is present, and EC-GC pairs can be studied using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. By using cultures of wild-type mice, the properties of EC-GC synapses formed by afferents from the lateral and medial entorhinal cortex were compared, and differences in short-term plasticity were identified. As the perforant path is severely affected in Alzheimer's disease, we used tissue cultures of amyloid precursor protein (APP)-deficient mice to examine the role of APP at this synapse. APP deficiency altered excitatory neurotransmission at medial perforant path synapses, which was accompanied by transcriptomic and ultrastructural changes. Moreover, presynaptic but not postsynaptic APP deletion through the local injection of Cre-expressing adeno-associated viruses in conditional APPflox/flox tissue cultures increased the neurotransmission efficacy at perforant path synapses. In summary, these data suggest a physiological role for presynaptic APP at medial perforant path synapses that may be adversely affected under altered APP processing conditions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The hippocampus receives input from the entorhinal cortex via the perforant path. These projections to hippocampal dentate granule cells are of utmost importance for learning and memory formation. Although there is detailed knowledge about perforant path projections, the functional synaptic properties at the level of individual connected pairs of neurons are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of APP in mediating functional properties and transmission rules in individually connected neurons using paired whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and genetic tools in organotypic tissue cultures. Our results show that presynaptic APP expression limits excitatory neurotransmission via the perforant path, which could be compromised in pathologic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Lenz
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Amelie Eichler
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pia Kruse
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christos Galanis
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Kleidonas
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Jedlicka
- Interdisciplinary Centre for 3Rs in Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ulrike Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Functional Genomics, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Center BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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10
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Xiang G, Liu X, Wang J, Lu S, Yu M, Zhang Y, Sun B, Huang B, Lu XY, Li X, Zhang D. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activation facilitates contextual fear extinction and modulates intrinsic excitability of dentate gyrus neurons. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:206. [PMID: 37322045 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus encodes contextual information associated with fear, and cell activity in the DG is required for acquisition and extinction of contextual fear. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we show that mice deficient for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) exhibited a slower rate of contextual fear extinction. Furthermore, selective deletion of PPARα in the DG attenuated, while activation of PPARα in the DG by local infusion of aspirin facilitated extinction of contextual fear. The intrinsic excitability of DG granule neurons was reduced by PPARα deficiency but increased by activation of PPARα with aspirin. Using RNA-Seq transcriptome we found that the transcription level of neuropeptide S receptor 1 (Npsr1) was tightly correlated with PPARα activation. Our results provide evidence that PPARα plays an important role in regulating DG neuronal excitability and contextual fear extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jiangong Wang
- Institute of Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256600, China
| | - Shunshun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bin Sun
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xin-Yun Lu
- Department of Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, 250012, China.
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11
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Wen L, Yang X, Wu Z, Fu S, Zhan Y, Chen Z, Bi D, Shen Y. The complement inhibitor CD59 is required for GABAergic synaptic transmission in the dentate gyrus. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112349. [PMID: 37027303 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement-dependent microglia pruning of excitatory synapses has been widely reported in physiological and pathological conditions, with few reports concerning pruning of inhibitory synapses or direct regulation of synaptic transmission by complement components. Here, we report that loss of CD59, an important endogenous inhibitor of the complement system, leads to compromised spatial memory performance. Furthermore, CD59 deficiency impairs GABAergic synaptic transmission in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). This depends on regulation of GABA release triggered by Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) rather than inhibitory synaptic pruning by microglia. Notably, CD59 colocalizes with inhibitory pre-synaptic terminals and regulates SNARE complex assembly. Together, these results demonstrate that the complement regulator CD59 plays an important role in normal hippocampal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wen
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zujun Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shumei Fu
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yaxi Zhan
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zuolong Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Danlei Bi
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Neurology and Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Neurodegenerative Disease Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
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12
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Ma X, Li Q, Chen G, Xie J, Wu M, Meng F, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhao D, Wang W, Wang D, Liu C, Dai J, Li C, Cui M. Role of Hippocampal miR-132-3p in Modifying the Function of Protein Phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1 F in Depression. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03926-8. [PMID: 37036545 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03926-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common, severe, and debilitating psychiatric disorder of unclear etiology. Our previous study has shown that protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) displays significant regulatory effects in depression-related behaviors. miR-132-3p plays a potential role in the etiology of depression. This study explored the effect of miR-132-3p on the onset of depression and the possible underlying mechanism for modulating PPM1F expression during the pathology of depression. We found that miR-132-3p levels in the hippocampus of depressed mice subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) were dramatically reduced, which were correlated with depression-related behaviors. Knockdown of miR-132-3p in hippocampal DG resulted in depression-related phenotypes and increased susceptibility to stress. miR-132-3p overexpression in hippocampal DG alleviated CUS-induced depression-related performance. We then screened out the potential target genes of miR-132-3p, and we found that the expression profiles of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (Srebf1) and forkhead box protein O3a (FOXO3a) were positively correlated with PPM1F under the condition of miR-132-3p knockdown. Finally, as anticipated, we revealed that the activities of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were reduced, which underlies the target signaling pathway of PPM1F. In conclusion, our study suggests that miR-132-3p was designed to regulate depression-related behaviors by indirectly regulating PPM1F and targeting Srebf1 and FOXO3a, which have been linked to the pathogenesis and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxian Ma
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Guanhong Chen
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- The first clinical medical college, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Junjie Xie
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- The first clinical medical college, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wu
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Minghu Cui
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
- Medical research center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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13
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Yang N, Chen YB, Zhang YF. The rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton in mossy fiber synapses in a model of experimental febrile seizures. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1107538. [PMID: 37181554 PMCID: PMC10170767 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1107538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental complex febrile seizures induce a persistent hippocampal hyperexcitability and an enhanced seizure susceptibility in adulthood. The rearrangement of filamentous actin (F-actin) enhances the excitability of hippocampus and contributes to epileptogenesis in epileptic models. However, the remodeling of F-actin after prolonged febrile seizures is to be determined. Methods Prolonged experimental febrile seizures were induced by hyperthermia on P10 and P14 rat pups. Changes of actin cytoskeleton in hippocampal subregions were examined at P60 and the neuronal cells and pre- /postsynaptic components were labeled. Results F-actin was increased significantly in the stratum lucidum of CA3 region in both HT + 10D and HT + 14D groups and further comparison between the two groups showed no significant difference. The abundance of ZNT3, the presynaptic marker of mossy fiber (MF)-CA3 synapses, increased significantly whereas the postsynaptic marker PSD95 did not change significantly. Overlapping area of F-actin and ZNT3 showed a significant increase in both HT+ groups. The results of cell counts showed no significant increase or decrease in the number of neurons in each area of hippocampus. Conclusion F-actin was significantly up-regulated in the stratum lucidum of CA3, corresponding to the increase of the presynaptic marker of MF-CA3 synapses after prolonged febrile seizures, which may enhance the excitatory output from the dentate gyrus to CA3 and contribute to the hippocampal hyperexcitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Yang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Neurology, Changchun, China
| | - Yin-Bo Chen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Neurology, Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Feng Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Neurology, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Feng Zhang,
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14
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Zheng Y, Liu XL, Nishiyama S, Ranganath C, O’Reilly RC. Correcting the hebbian mistake: Toward a fully error-driven hippocampus. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010589. [PMID: 36219613 PMCID: PMC9586412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus plays a critical role in the rapid learning of new episodic memories. Many computational models propose that the hippocampus is an autoassociator that relies on Hebbian learning (i.e., "cells that fire together, wire together"). However, Hebbian learning is computationally suboptimal as it does not learn in a way that is driven toward, and limited by, the objective of achieving effective retrieval. Thus, Hebbian learning results in more interference and a lower overall capacity. Our previous computational models have utilized a powerful, biologically plausible form of error-driven learning in hippocampal CA1 and entorhinal cortex (EC) (functioning as a sparse autoencoder) by contrasting local activity states at different phases in the theta cycle. Based on specific neural data and a recent abstract computational model, we propose a new model called Theremin (Total Hippocampal ERror MINimization) that extends error-driven learning to area CA3-the mnemonic heart of the hippocampal system. In the model, CA3 responds to the EC monosynaptic input prior to the EC disynaptic input through dentate gyrus (DG), giving rise to a temporal difference between these two activation states, which drives error-driven learning in the EC→CA3 and CA3↔CA3 projections. In effect, DG serves as a teacher to CA3, correcting its patterns into more pattern-separated ones, thereby reducing interference. Results showed that Theremin, compared with our original Hebbian-based model, has significantly increased capacity and learning speed. The model makes several novel predictions that can be tested in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Zheng
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaonan L. Liu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Satoru Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Charan Ranganath
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Randall C. O’Reilly
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Seizure-induced strengthening of a recurrent excitatory circuit in the dentate gyrus is proconvulsant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201151119. [PMID: 35930664 PMCID: PMC9371717 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201151119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a devastating brain disorder for which effective treatments are very limited. There is growing interest in early intervention, which requires a better mechanistic understanding of the early stages of this disorder. While diverse brain insults can lead to epileptic activity, a common cellular mechanism relies on uncontrolled recurrent excitatory activity. In the dentate gyrus, excitatory mossy cells (MCs) project extensively onto granule cells (GCs) throughout the hippocampus, thus establishing a recurrent MC-GC-MC excitatory loop. MCs are implicated in temporal lobe epilepsy, a common form of epilepsy, but their role during initial seizures (i.e., before the characteristic MC loss that occurs in late stages) is unclear. Here, we show that initial seizures acutely induced with an intraperitoneal kainic acid (KA) injection in adult mice, a well-established model that leads to experimental epilepsy, not only increased MC and GC activity in vivo but also triggered a brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) at MC-GC excitatory synapses. Moreover, in vivo induction of MC-GC LTP using MC-selective optogenetic stimulation worsened KA-induced seizures. Conversely, Bdnf genetic removal from GCs, which abolishes LTP, and selective MC silencing were both anticonvulsant. Thus, initial seizures are associated with MC-GC synaptic strengthening, which may promote later epileptic activity. Our findings reveal a potential mechanism of epileptogenesis that may help in developing therapeutic strategies for early intervention.
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16
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Ren P, Xiao B, Wang LP, Li YS, Jin H, Jin QH. Nitric oxide impairs spatial learning and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease via disturbance of glutamate response in the hippocampal dentate gyrus during spatial learning. Behav Brain Res 2022; 422:113750. [PMID: 35033612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways may play a significant role in the decline of synaptic and cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, whether NO in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is involved in the spatial learning and memory impairments of AD by affecting the glutamate (Glu) response during these processes is not well-understood. Here, we prepared an AD rat model by long-term i.p. of D-galactose into ovariectomized rats, and then the effects of L-NMMA (a NO synthase inhibitor) on Glu concentration and amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) were measured in the DG region during the Morris water maze (MWM) test in freely-moving rats. During the MWM test, compared with the sham group, the escape latency was increased in the place navigation trial, and the percentage of time spent in target quadrant and the number of platform crossings were decreased in the spatial probe trial, in addition, the increase of fEPSP amplitude in the DG was significantly attenuated in AD group rats. L-NMMA significantly attenuated the spatial learning and memory impairment in AD rats, and reversed the inhibitory effect of AD on increase of fEPSP amplitude in the DG during the MWM test. In sham group rats, the Glu level in the DG increased significantly during the MWM test, and this response was markedly enhanced in AD rats. Furthermore, the response of Glu in the DG during spatial learning was recovered by microinjection of L-NMMA into the DG. Our results suggest that NO in the DG impairs spatial learning and memory and related synaptic plasticity in AD rats, by disturbing the Glu response during spatial learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ren
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Lin-Ping Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ying-Shun Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.
| | - Qing-Hua Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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17
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Schumm SN, Gabrieli D, Meaney DF. Plasticity impairment exposes CA3 vulnerability in a hippocampal network model of mild traumatic brain injury. Hippocampus 2022; 32:231-250. [PMID: 34978378 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Proper function of the hippocampus is critical for executing cognitive tasks such as learning and memory. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other neurological disorders are commonly associated with cognitive deficits and hippocampal dysfunction. Although there are many existing models of individual subregions of the hippocampus, few models attempt to integrate the primary areas into one system. In this work, we developed a computational model of the hippocampus, including the dentate gyrus, CA3, and CA1. The subregions are represented as an interconnected neuronal network, incorporating well-characterized ex vivo slice electrophysiology into the functional neuron models and well-documented anatomical connections into the network structure. In addition, since plasticity is foundational to the role of the hippocampus in learning and memory as well as necessary for studying adaptation to injury, we implemented spike-timing-dependent plasticity among the synaptic connections. Our model mimics key features of hippocampal activity, including signal frequencies in the theta and gamma bands and phase-amplitude coupling in area CA1. We also studied the effects of spike-timing-dependent plasticity impairment, a potential consequence of TBI, in our model and found that impairment decreases broadband power in CA3 and CA1 and reduces phase coherence between these two subregions, yet phase-amplitude coupling in CA1 remains intact. Altogether, our work demonstrates characteristic hippocampal activity with a scaled network model of spiking neurons and reveals the sensitive balance of plasticity mechanisms in the circuit through one manifestation of mild traumatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N Schumm
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Gabrieli
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David F Meaney
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Penn Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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18
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Righes Marafiga J, Vendramin Pasquetti M, Calcagnotto ME. In vitro Oscillation Patterns Throughout the Hippocampal Formation in a Rodent Model of Epilepsy. Neuroscience 2021; 479:1-21. [PMID: 34710537 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Specific oscillatory patterns are considered biomarkers of pathological neuronal network in brain diseases, such as epilepsy. However, the dynamics of underlying oscillations during the epileptogenesis throughout the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe epilepsy is not clear. Here, we characterized in vitro oscillatory patterns within the hippocampal formation of epileptic rats, under 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-induced hyperexcitability and during the spontaneous network activity, at two periods of epileptogenesis. First, at the beginning of epileptic chronic phase, 30 days post-pilocarpine-induced Status Epilepticus (SE). Second, at the established epilepsy, 60 days post-SE. The 4-AP-bathed slices from epileptic rats had increased susceptibility to ictogenesis in CA1 at 30 days post-SE, and in entorhinal cortex and dentate gyrus at 60 days post-SE. Higher power and phase coherence were detected mainly for gamma and/or high frequency oscillations (HFOs), in a region- and stage-specific manner. Interestingly, under spontaneous network activity, even without 4-AP-induced hyperexcitability, slices from epileptic animals already exhibited higher power of gamma and HFOs in different areas of hippocampal formation at both periods of epileptogenesis, and higher phase coherence in fast ripples at 60 days post-SE. These findings reinforce the critical role of gamma and HFOs in each one of the hippocampal formation areas during ongoing neuropathological processes, tuning the neuronal network to epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseane Righes Marafiga
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Mayara Vendramin Pasquetti
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisa Calcagnotto
- Neurophysiology and Neurochemistry of Neuronal Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity Laboratory (NNNESP Lab.), Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Science: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil.
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19
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Deficits in Behavioral and Neuronal Pattern Separation in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. J Neurosci 2021; 41:9669-9686. [PMID: 34620720 PMCID: PMC8612476 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2439-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In temporal lobe epilepsy, the ability of the dentate gyrus to limit excitatory cortical input to the hippocampus breaks down, leading to seizures. The dentate gyrus is also thought to help discriminate between similar memories by performing pattern separation, but whether epilepsy leads to a breakdown in this neural computation, and thus to mnemonic discrimination impairments, remains unknown. Here we show that temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by behavioral deficits in mnemonic discrimination tasks, in both humans (females and males) and mice (C57Bl6 males, systemic low-dose kainate model). Using a recently developed assay in brain slices of the same epileptic mice, we reveal a decreased ability of the dentate gyrus to perform certain forms of pattern separation. This is because of a subset of granule cells with abnormal bursting that can develop independently of early EEG abnormalities. Overall, our results linking physiology, computation, and cognition in the same mice advance our understanding of episodic memory mechanisms and their dysfunction in epilepsy.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT People with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often have learning and memory impairments, sometimes occurring earlier than the first seizure, but those symptoms and their biological underpinnings are poorly understood. We focused on the dentate gyrus, a brain region that is critical to avoid confusion between similar memories and is anatomically disorganized in TLE. We show that both humans and mice with TLE experience confusion between similar situations. This impairment coincides with a failure of the dentate gyrus to disambiguate similar input signals because of pathologic bursting in a subset of neurons. Our work bridges seizure-oriented and memory-oriented views of the dentate gyrus function, suggests a mechanism for cognitive symptoms in TLE, and supports a long-standing hypothesis of episodic memory theories.
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20
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Ma Y, Bayguinov PO, McMahon SM, Scharfman HE, Jackson MB. Direct synaptic excitation between hilar mossy cells revealed with a targeted voltage sensor. Hippocampus 2021; 31:1215-1232. [PMID: 34478219 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus not only gates the flow of information into the hippocampus, it also integrates and processes this information. Mossy cells (MCs) are a major type of excitatory neuron strategically located in the hilus of the dentate gyrus where they can contribute to this processing through networks of synapses with inhibitory neurons and dentate granule cells. Some prior work has suggested that MCs can form excitatory synapses with other MCs, but the role of these synapses in the network activity of the dentate gyrus has received little attention. Here, we investigated synaptic inputs to MCs in mouse hippocampal slices using a genetically encoded hybrid voltage sensor (hVOS) targeted to MCs by Cre-lox technology. This enabled optical recording of voltage changes from multiple MCs simultaneously. Stimulating granule cells and CA3 pyramidal cells activated well-established inputs to MCs and elicited synaptic responses as expected. However, the weak blockade of MC responses to granule cell layer stimulation by DCG-IV raised the possibility of another source of excitation. To evaluate synapses between MCs as this source, single MCs were stimulated focally. Stimulation of one MC above its action potential threshold evoked depolarizing responses in neighboring MCs that depended on glutamate receptors. Short latency responses of MCs to other MCs did not depend on release from granule cell axons. However, granule cells did contribute to the longer latency responses of MCs to stimulation of other MCs. Thus, MCs transmit their activity to other MCs both through direct synaptic coupling and through polysynaptic coupling with dentate granule cells. MC-MC synapses can redistribute information entering the dentate gyrus and thus shape and modulate the electrical activity underlying hippocampal functions such as navigation and memory, as well as excessive excitation during seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihe Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Peter O Bayguinov
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shane M McMahon
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Helen E Scharfman
- New York University Langone Health and the Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New Jersey, USA
| | - Meyer B Jackson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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21
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Succinate accumulation contributes to oxidative stress and iron accumulation in pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptogenesis and kainic acid-induced seizure. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105123. [PMID: 34224804 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the role of succinate accumulation in the oxidative stress and iron accumulation in both pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptogenesis and kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE). The levels of succinate, oxidative stress, iron content, iron-related protein expression, and the severity of neuronal injury and seizures were measured in both models. We found that increased concentrations of succinate were associated with increased levels of oxidative stress, iron content, iron regulator protein, and iron importer divalent metal transporter 1, as well as decreased levels of iron exporter ferropotin 1. Aggravated neuronal injury was observed in the hippocampi and cortices of both models. The cell-permeable molecule dimethyl malonate (DM), a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), significantly attenuated succinate accumulation, reduced the oxidative stress and iron levels, and mitigated the severity of the seizures and neuronal injury. Our results thus indicate that the accumulation of succinate due to the reverse catalysis of SDH may exacerbate oxidative stress and thus induce iron accumulation and neuronal injury in both models. Targeting succinate accumulation may achieve neuroprotective and anti-seizure effects.
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Meng F, Liu J, Dai J, Lian H, Jiang S, Li Q, Wu M, Wang W, Wang D, Zhao D, Liu C, Qiu C, Li C. PPM1F in Dentate Gyrus Modulates Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Regulating BDNF Expression via AKT/JNK/p-H3S10 Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:3529-3544. [PMID: 33745117 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety is a serious psychiatric disorder, with a higher incidence rate in women than in men. Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F), a serine/threonine phosphatase, has been shown to have multiple biological and cellular functions. However, the effects of PPM1F and its neuronal substrates on anxiety remain largely unclear. In this study, we showed that chronic restraint stress (CRS) induced anxiety-related behaviors only in female mice, while acute restraint stress (ARS) produced anxiety-related behaviors in both male and female mice in light-dark and elevated plus maze tests and induced upregulation of PPM1F and downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus. Adeno-associated virus-mediated overexpression of PPM1F or conditional knockout of BDNF in dentate gyrus (DG) led to a more pronounced anxiety-related behavior in female than in male mice as indicated by the behavioral evaluations. Meanwhile, overexpression of PPM1F in the DG decreased total Bdnf exon-specific messenger RNA expression in the hippocampus with the decreased binding activity of phosphorylated H3S10 to its individual promoters in female mice. Furthermore, we identified that overexpression of PPM1F decreased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and JNK in the hippocampus of female mice. These results may suggest that PPM1F regulates anxiety-related behaviors by modulating BDNF expression and H3S10 phosphorylation-mediated epigenetic modification, which may be served as potentially pathological genes associated with anxiety or other mental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fantao Meng
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Cancer Research Institute, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Changyun Qiu
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661 Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou, 256603, Shandong, China.
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23
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Sabet N, Soltani Z, Khaksari M. Multipotential and systemic effects of traumatic brain injury. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 357:577619. [PMID: 34058510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality of people at all ages. Biochemical, cellular and physiological events that occur during primary injury lead to a delayed and long-term secondary damage that can last from hours to years. Secondary brain injury causes tissue damage in the central nervous system and a subsequent strong and rapid inflammatory response that may lead to persistent inflammation. However, this inflammatory response is not limited to the brain. Inflammatory mediators are transferred from damaged brain tissue to the bloodstream and produce a systemic inflammatory response in peripheral organs, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal and endocrine systems. Complications of TBI are associated with its multiple and systemic effects that should be considered in the treatment of TBI patients. Therefore, in this review, an attempt was made to examine the systemic effects of TBI in detail. It is hoped that this review will identify the mechanisms of injury and complications of TBI, and open a window for promising treatment in TBI complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Sabet
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zahra Soltani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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PPM1F in hippocampal dentate gyrus regulates the depression-related behaviors by modulating neuronal excitability. Exp Neurol 2021; 340:113657. [PMID: 33639208 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, serious, debilitating mental illness. Protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1F (PPM1F), a serine/threonine phosphatase, has been reported to have multiple biological and cellular functions. However, the effects of PPM1F and its neuronal substrates on depressive behaviors remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that PPM1F is widely distributed in the hippocampus, and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) can induce increased expression of PPM1F in the hippocampus, which was correlated with depression-associated behaviors. Overexpression of PPM1F mediated by adeno-associated virus (AAV) in the dentate gyrus (DG) produced depression-related behaviors and enhanced susceptibility to subthreshold CUS (SCUS) in both male and female mice, while, knockout of PPM1F in DG produced antidepressant phonotypes under stress conditions. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings demonstrated that overexpression of PPM1F increased the neuronal excitability of the granule cells in the DG. Consistent with neuronal hyperexcitability, overexpression of PPM1F regulated the expression of certain ion channel genes and induced decreased phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII) and Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hippocampus. These results suggest that PPM1F in the DG regulates depression-related behaviors by modulating neuronal excitability, which might be an important pathological gene for depression or other mental diseases.
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25
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Clark LR, Yun S, Acquah NK, Kumar PL, Metheny HE, Paixao RCC, Cohen AS, Eisch AJ. Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Transient, Sequential Increases in Proliferation, Neuroblasts/Immature Neurons, and Cell Survival: A Time Course Study in the Male Mouse Dentate Gyrus. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:612749. [PMID: 33488351 PMCID: PMC7817782 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.612749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are prevalent worldwide. mTBIs can impair hippocampal-based functions such as memory and cause network hyperexcitability of the dentate gyrus (DG), a key entry point to hippocampal circuitry. One candidate for mediating mTBI-induced hippocampal cognitive and physiological dysfunction is injury-induced changes in the process of DG neurogenesis. There are conflicting results on how TBI impacts the process of DG neurogenesis; this is not surprising given that both the neurogenesis process and the post-injury period are dynamic, and that the quantification of neurogenesis varies widely in the literature. Even within the minority of TBI studies focusing specifically on mild injuries, there is disagreement about if and how mTBI changes the process of DG neurogenesis. Here we utilized a clinically relevant rodent model of mTBI (lateral fluid percussion injury, LFPI), gold-standard markers and quantification of the neurogenesis process, and three time points post-injury to generate a comprehensive picture of how mTBI affects adult hippocampal DG neurogenesis. Male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old) received either sham surgery or mTBI via LFPI. Proliferating cells, neuroblasts/immature neurons, and surviving cells were quantified via stereology in DG subregions (subgranular zone [SGZ], outer granule cell layer [oGCL], molecular layer, and hilus) at short-term (3 days post-injury, dpi), intermediate (7 dpi), and long-term (31 dpi) time points. The data show this model of mTBI induces transient, sequential increases in ipsilateral SGZ/GCL proliferating cells, neuroblasts/immature neurons, and surviving cells which is suggestive of mTBI-induced neurogenesis. In contrast to these ipsilateral hemisphere findings, measures in the contralateral hemisphere were not increased in key neurogenic DG subregions after LFPI. Our work in this mTBI model is in line with most literature on other and more severe models of TBI in showing TBI stimulates the process of DG neurogenesis. However, as our DG data in mTBI provide temporal, subregional, and neurogenesis-stage resolution, these data are important to consider in regard to the functional importance of TBI-induction of the neurogenesis process and future work assessing the potential of replacing and/or repairing DG neurons in the brain after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyles R. Clark
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sanghee Yun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nana K. Acquah
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Biological Basis of Behavior Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Priya L. Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Biomechanical Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hannah E. Metheny
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rikley C. C. Paixao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Akivas S. Cohen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amelia J. Eisch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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26
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do Canto AM, Donatti A, Geraldis JC, Godoi AB, da Rosa DC, Lopes-Cendes I. Neuroproteomics in Epilepsy: What Do We Know so Far? Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:604158. [PMID: 33488359 PMCID: PMC7817846 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.604158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsies are chronic neurological diseases that affect approximately 2% of the world population. In addition to being one of the most frequent neurological disorders, treatment for patients with epilepsy remains a challenge, because a proportion of patients do not respond to the antiseizure medications that are currently available. This results in a severe economic and social burden for patients, families, and the healthcare system. A characteristic common to all forms of epilepsy is the occurrence of epileptic seizures that are caused by abnormal neuronal discharges, leading to a clinical manifestation that is dependent on the affected brain region. It is generally accepted that an imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition generates the synchronic electrical activity leading to seizures. However, it is still unclear how a normal neural circuit becomes susceptible to the generation of seizures or how epileptogenesis is induced. Herein, we review the results of recent proteomic studies applied to investigate the underlying mechanisms leading to epilepsies and how these findings may impact research and treatment for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. do Canto
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Amanda Donatti
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline C. Geraldis
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre B. Godoi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Douglas C. da Rosa
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, Brazil
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Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption results in alcohol use disorder (AUD). Interestingly, however, sudden alcohol withdrawal (AW) after chronic alcohol exposure also leads to a devastating series of symptoms, referred to as alcohol withdrawal syndromes. One key feature of AW syndromes is to produce phenotypes that are opposite to AUD. For example, while the brain is characterized by a hypoactive state in the presence of alcohol, AW induces a hyperactive state, which is manifested as seizure expression. In this review, we discuss the idea that hippocampal neurogenesis and neural circuits play a key role in neuroadaptation and establishment of allostatic states in response to alcohol exposure and AW. The intrinsic properties of dentate granule cells (DGCs), and their contribution to the formation of a potent feedback inhibitory loop, endow the dentate gyrus with a "gate" function, which can limit the entry of excessive excitatory signals from the cortex into the hippocampus. We discuss the possibility that alcohol exposure and withdrawal disrupts structural development and circuitry integration of hippocampal newborn neurons, and that this altered neurogenesis impairs the gate function of the hippocampus. Failure of this gate function is expected to alter the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory (E/I) signals in the hippocampus and to induce seizure expression during AW. Recent functional studies have shown that specific activation and inhibition of hippocampal newborn DGCs are both necessary and sufficient for the expression of AW-associated seizures, further supporting the concept that neurogenesis-induced neuroadaptation is a critical target to understand and treat AUD and AW-associated seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreetama Basu
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hoonkyo Suh
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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28
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Zhu W, Zhu J, Zhao S, Li J, Hou D, Zhang Y, Sun H. Xenon Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on Kainic Acid-Induced Acute Generalized Seizures in Rats via Increased Autophagy. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:582872. [PMID: 33132850 PMCID: PMC7573545 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.582872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenon has been shown to have neuroprotective effects and is clinically used as a favorable safe inhalation anesthetic. We previously confirmed the neuroprotective effects of xenon treatment in epileptic animals. However, the mechanism underlying these protective effects remains unclear. We aimed to assess the effects of xenon inhalation on autophagy in neuronal injury induced by acute generalized seizures. Kainic acid (KA) was injected into the lateral ventricle of male Sprague–Dawley rats to induce acute generalized seizures. Next, the rats were treated via inhalation of a 70% xenon/21% oxygen/9% nitrogen mixture for 60 min immediately after KA administration. The control group was treated via inhalation of a 79% nitrogen/21% oxygen mixture. Subsequently, two inhibitors (3-methyladenine or bafilomycin A1) or an autophagy inducer (rapamycin) were administered, respectively, before KA and xenon administration to determine the role of autophagy in the protective effects of xenon. The levels of apoptosis, neuronal injury, and autophagy were determined in all the rats. Xenon inhalation significantly attenuated the severity of the seizure-induced neuronal injury. Increased autophagy accompanied this inhibitive effect. Autophagy inhibition eliminated these xenon neuroprotective effects. A simulation of autophagy using rapamycin recapitulated xenon’s protective effects on KA-induced acute generalized seizures in the rats. These findings confirmed that xenon exerts strong neuroprotective effects in KA-induced acute generalized seizures. Further, they indicate that increased autophagy may underlie the protective effects of xenon. Therefore, xenon and autophagy inducers may be useful clinical options for their neuroprotective effects in epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Jieqing Li
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Dianjun Hou
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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29
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Umschweif G, Greengard P, Sagi Y. The dentate gyrus in depression. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 53:39-64. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gali Umschweif
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Paul Greengard
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Rockefeller University New York NY USA
| | - Yotam Sagi
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Rockefeller University New York NY USA
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Xenon exerts anti-seizure and neuroprotective effects in kainic acid-induced status epilepticus and neonatal hypoxia-induced seizure. Exp Neurol 2019; 322:113054. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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31
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Todorov OS, Weisbecker V, Gilissen E, Zilles K, de Sousa AA. Primate hippocampus size and organization are predicted by sociality but not diet. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191712. [PMID: 31662078 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is well known for its roles in spatial navigation and memory, but it is organized into regions that have different connections and functional specializations. Notably, the region CA2 has a role in social and not spatial cognition, as is the case for the regions CA1 and CA3 that surround it. Here, we investigated the evolution of the hippocampus in terms of its size and organization in relation to the evolution of social and ecological variables in primates, namely home range, diet and different measures of group size. We found that the volumes within the whole cornu ammonis coevolve with group size, while only the volume of CA1 and subiculum can also be predicted by home range. On the other hand, diet, expressed as a shift from folivory towards frugivory, was shown to not be related to hippocampal volume. Interestingly, CA2 was shown to exhibit phylogenetic signal only against certain measures of group size, but not with ecological factors. We also found that sex differences in the hippocampus are related to body size sex dimorphism. This is in line with reports of sex differences in hippocampal volume in non-primates that are related to social structure and sex differences in behaviour. Our findings support the notion that in primates, the hippocampus is a mosaic structure evolving in line with social pressures, where certain subsections evolve in line with spatial ability too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlin S Todorov
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Vera Weisbecker
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Gilissen
- Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium.,Laboratory of Histology and Neuropathology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karl Zilles
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Jülich, Germany
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32
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhu W, Pan X, Wang Q, Gao X, Wang C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Li S, Sun H. Role of Elevated Thrombospondin-1 in Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:263-276. [PMID: 31664678 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) regulates the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/phosphorylated Smad2/3 (pSmad2/3) pathway. Moreover, TSP-1 is closely associated with epilepsy. However, the role of the TSP-1-regulated TGF-β1/pSmad2/3 pathway in seizures remains unclear. In this study, changes in this pathway were assessed following kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) in rats. The results showed that increases in the TSP-1/TGF-β1/pSmad2/3 levels spatially and temporally matched the increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/chondroitin sulfate (CS56) levels following KA administration. Inhibition of TSP-1 expression by small interfering RNA or inhibition of TGF-β1 activation with a Leu-Ser-Lys-Leu peptide significantly reduced the severity of KA-induced acute seizures. These anti-seizure effects were accompanied by decreased GFAP/CS56 expression and Smad2/3 phosphorylation. Moreover, inhibiting Smad2/3 phosphorylation with ponatinib or SIS3 also significantly reduced seizure severity, alongside reducing GFAP/CS56 immunoreactivity. These results suggest that the TSP-1-regulated TGF-β1/pSmad2/3 pathway plays a key role in KA-induced SE and astrogliosis, and that inhibiting this pathway may be a potential anti-seizure strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250062, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xue Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yuxia Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Shucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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33
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Bugay V, Bozdemir E, Vigil FA, Chun SH, Holstein DM, Elliott WR, Sprague CJ, Cavazos JE, Zamora DO, Rule G, Shapiro MS, Lechleiter JD, Brenner R. A Mouse Model of Repetitive Blast Traumatic Brain Injury Reveals Post-Trauma Seizures and Increased Neuronal Excitability. J Neurotrauma 2019; 37:248-261. [PMID: 31025597 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects numerous soldiers on the battlefield. Mild TBI has been shown to have long-lasting effects with repeated injury. We have investigated effects on neuronal excitability after repetitive, mild TBI in a mouse model of blast-induced brain injury. We exposed mice to mild blast trauma of an average peak overpressure of 14.6 psi, repeated across three consecutive days. While a single exposure did not reveal trauma as indicated by the glial fibrillary acidic protein indicator, three repetitive blasts did show significant increases. As well, mice had an increased indicator of inflammation (Iba-1) and increased tau, tau phosphorylation, and altered cytokine levels in the spleen. Video-electroencephalographic monitoring 48 h after the final blast exposure demonstrated seizures in 50% (12/24) of the mice, most of which were non-convulsive seizures. Long-term monitoring revealed that spontaneous seizures developed in at least 46% (6/13) of the mice. Patch clamp recording of dentate gyrus hippocampus neurons 48 h post-blast TBI demonstrated a shortened latency to the first spike and hyperpolarization of action potential threshold. We also found that evoked excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes were significantly increased. These findings indicate that mild, repetitive blast exposures cause increases in neuronal excitability and seizures and eventual epilepsy development in some animals. The non-convulsive nature of the seizures suggests that subclinical seizures may occur in individuals experiencing even mild blast events, if repeated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Bugay
- Cell and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Eda Bozdemir
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Fabio A Vigil
- Cell and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Sang H Chun
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Deborah M Holstein
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - William R Elliott
- Sensory Trauma, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston San Antonio, Texas
| | - Cassie J Sprague
- Sensory Trauma, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jose E Cavazos
- Cell and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - David O Zamora
- Sensory Trauma, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston San Antonio, Texas
| | | | - Mark S Shapiro
- Cell and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - James D Lechleiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Robert Brenner
- Cell and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yu J, Zhu W, Wang Q, Pan X, Gao X, Yang J, Sun H. Mode-Dependent Effect of Xenon Inhalation on Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:375. [PMID: 31474835 PMCID: PMC6702968 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported the possible neuroprotective effects of xenon treatment. The purpose of this study was to define the range of effective xenon ratio, most effective xenon ratio, and time-window for intervention in the kainic acid (KA) – induced status epilepticus (SE) rat model. Different ratios of xenon (35% xenon, 21% oxygen, 44% nitrogen, 50% xenon, 21% oxygen, 29% nitrogen, 70% xenon, 21% oxygen, and 9% nitrogen) were used to treat the KA-induced SE. Our results confirmed the anti-seizure role of 50 and 70% xenon mixture, with a stronger effect from the latter. Further, 70% xenon mixture was dispensed at three time points (0 min, 15 min delayed, and 30 min delayed) after KA administration, and the results indicated the anti-seizure effect at all treated time points. The results also established that the neuronal injury in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (EC), assessed using Fluoro-Jade B (FJB) staining, were reversed by the xenon inhalation, and within 30 min after KA administration. Our study, therefore, indicates the appropriate effective xenon ratio and time-window for intervention that can depress seizures. The prevention of neuronal injury and further reversal of the loss of effective control of depress network in the hippocampus and EC may be the mechanisms underlying the anti-seizure effect of xenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Xue Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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Jain S, LaFrancois JJ, Botterill JJ, Alcantara-Gonzalez D, Scharfman HE. Adult neurogenesis in the mouse dentate gyrus protects the hippocampus from neuronal injury following severe seizures. Hippocampus 2019; 29:683-709. [PMID: 30672046 PMCID: PMC6640126 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that reducing the numbers of adult-born neurons in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the mouse increases susceptibility to severe continuous seizures (status epilepticus; SE) evoked by systemic injection of the convulsant kainic acid (KA). However, it was not clear if the results would be the same for other ways to induce seizures, or if SE-induced damage would be affected. Therefore, we used pilocarpine, which induces seizures by a different mechanism than KA. Also, we quantified hippocampal damage after SE. In addition, we used both loss-of-function and gain-of-function methods in adult mice. We hypothesized that after loss-of-function, mice would be more susceptible to pilocarpine-induced SE and SE-associated hippocampal damage, and after gain-of-function, mice would be more protected from SE and hippocampal damage after SE. For loss-of-function, adult neurogenesis was suppressed by pharmacogenetic deletion of dividing radial glial precursors. For gain-of-function, adult neurogenesis was increased by conditional deletion of pro-apoptotic gene Bax in Nestin-expressing progenitors. Fluoro-Jade C (FJ-C) was used to quantify neuronal injury and video-electroencephalography (video-EEG) was used to quantify SE. Pilocarpine-induced SE was longer in mice with reduced adult neurogenesis, SE had more power and neuronal damage was greater. Conversely, mice with increased adult-born neurons had shorter SE, SE had less power, and there was less neuronal damage. The results suggest that adult-born neurons exert protective effects against SE and SE-induced neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Jain
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - John J. LaFrancois
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Justin J. Botterill
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - David Alcantara-Gonzalez
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
| | - Helen E. Scharfman
- Center for Dementia Research, The Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Departments of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and Psychiatry, New York Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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36
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Goutierre M, Al Awabdh S, Donneger F, François E, Gomez-Dominguez D, Irinopoulou T, Menendez de la Prida L, Poncer JC. KCC2 Regulates Neuronal Excitability and Hippocampal Activity via Interaction with Task-3 Channels. Cell Rep 2019; 28:91-103.e7. [PMID: 31269453 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
KCC2 regulates neuronal transmembrane chloride gradients and thereby controls GABA signaling in the brain. KCC2 downregulation is observed in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Paradoxical, excitatory GABA signaling is usually assumed to contribute to abnormal network activity underlying the pathology. We tested this hypothesis and explored the functional impact of chronic KCC2 downregulation in the rat dentate gyrus. Although the reversal potential of GABAA receptor currents is depolarized in KCC2 knockdown neurons, this shift is compensated by depolarization of the resting membrane potential. This reflects downregulation of leak potassium currents. We show KCC2 interacts with Task-3 (KCNK9) channels and is required for their membrane expression. Increased neuronal excitability upon KCC2 suppression altered dentate gyrus rhythmogenesis, which could be normalized by chemogenetic hyperpolarization. Our data reveal KCC2 downregulation engages complex synaptic and cellular alterations beyond GABA signaling that perturb network activity thus offering additional targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Goutierre
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sana Al Awabdh
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Florian Donneger
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emeline François
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Gomez-Dominguez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Theano Irinopoulou
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Jean Christophe Poncer
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, 75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France; Institut du Fer à Moulin, 75005 Paris, France.
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37
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A Network Model Reveals That the Experimentally Observed Switch of the Granule Cell Phenotype During Epilepsy Can Maintain the Pattern Separation Function of the Dentate Gyrus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99103-0_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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38
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Dopamine in the hippocampal dentate gyrus modulates spatial learning via D1-like receptors. Brain Res Bull 2019; 144:101-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Zhou QG, Nemes AD, Lee D, Ro EJ, Zhang J, Nowacki AS, Dymecki SM, Najm IM, Suh H. Chemogenetic silencing of hippocampal neurons suppresses epileptic neural circuits. J Clin Invest 2018; 129:310-323. [PMID: 30507615 DOI: 10.1172/jci95731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated how pathological changes in newborn hippocampal dentate granule cells (DGCs) lead to epilepsy. Using a rabies virus-mediated retrograde tracing system and a designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD) chemogenetic method, we demonstrated that newborn hippocampal DGCs are required for the formation of epileptic neural circuits and the induction of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). A rabies virus-mediated mapping study revealed that aberrant circuit integration of hippocampal newborn DGCs formed excessive de novo excitatory connections as well as recurrent excitatory loops, allowing the hippocampus to produce, amplify, and propagate excessive recurrent excitatory signals. In epileptic mice, DREADD-mediated-specific suppression of hippocampal newborn DGCs dramatically reduced epileptic spikes and SRS in an inducible and reversible manner. Conversely, specific activation of hippocampal newborn DGCs increased both epileptic spikes and SRS. Our study reveals an essential role for hippocampal newborn DGCs in the formation and function of epileptic neural circuits, providing critical insights into DGCs as a potential therapeutic target for treating epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Gang Zhou
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Daehoon Lee
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eun Jeoung Ro
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Amy S Nowacki
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan M Dymecki
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Imad M Najm
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, and
| | - Hoonkyo Suh
- Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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40
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Choi JH, Yarishkin O, Kim E, Bae Y, Kim A, Kim SC, Ryoo K, Cho CH, Hwang EM, Park JY. TWIK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channels contribute to the neurotensin-mediated excitation of hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-13. [PMID: 30416196 PMCID: PMC6230555 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels have been shown to modulate neuronal excitability. The physiological role of TWIK-1, the first identified K2P channel, in neuronal cells is largely unknown, and we reported previously that TWIK-1 contributes to the intrinsic excitability of dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) in mice. In the present study, we investigated the coexpression of TWIK-1 and TASK-3, another K2P member, in DGGCs. Immunohistochemical staining data showed that TASK-3 proteins were highly localized in the proximal dendrites and soma of DGGCs, and this localization is similar to the expression pattern of TWIK-1. TWIK-1 was shown to associate with TASK-3 in DGGCs of mouse hippocampus and when both genes were overexpressed in COS-7 cells. shRNA-mediated gene silencing demonstrated that TWIK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channels displayed outwardly rectifying currents and contributed to the intrinsic excitability of DGGCs. Neurotensin-neurotensin receptor 1 (NT-NTSR1) signaling triggered the depolarization of DGGCs by inhibiting TWIK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channels, causing facilitated excitation of DGGCs. Taken together, our study clearly showed that TWIK-1/TASK-3 heterodimeric channels contribute to the intrinsic excitability of DGGCs and that their activities are regulated by NT-NTSR1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyouk Choi
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Oleg Yarishkin
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Bae
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajung Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chan Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanghyun Ryoo
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hoon Cho
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Center for Functional Connectomics, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. .,KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Yong Park
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Marchese E, Corvino V, Di Maria V, Furno A, Giannetti S, Cesari E, Lulli P, Michetti F, Geloso MC. The Neuroprotective Effects of 17β-Estradiol Pretreatment in a Model of Neonatal Hippocampal Injury Induced by Trimethyltin. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:385. [PMID: 30416427 PMCID: PMC6213803 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal dysfunction plays a central role in neurodevelopmental disorders, resulting in severe impairment of cognitive abilities, including memory and learning. On this basis, developmental studies represent an important tool both to understanding the cellular and molecular phenomena underlying early hippocampal damage and to study possible therapeutic interventions, that may modify the progression of neuronal death. Given the modulatory role played by 17β-estradiol (E2) on hippocampal functions and its neuroprotective properties, the present study investigates the effects of pretreatment with E2 in a model of neonatal hippocampal injury obtained by trimethyltin (TMT) administration, characterized by neuronal loss in CA1 and CA3 subfields and astroglial and microglial activation. At post-natal days (P)5 and P6 animals received E2 administration (0.2 mg/kg/die i.p.) or vehicle. At P7 they received a single dose of TMT (6.5 mg/kg i.p.) and were sacrificed 72 h (P10) or 7 days after TMT treatment (P14). Our findings indicate that pretreatment with E2 exerts a protective effect against hippocampal damage induced by TMT administration early in development, reducing the extent of neuronal death in the CA1 subfield, inducing the activation of genes involved in neuroprotection, lowering the neuroinflammatory response and restoring neuropeptide Y- and parvalbumin- expression, which is impaired in the early phases of TMT-induced damage. Our data support the efficacy of estrogen-based neuroprotective approaches to counteract early occurring hippocampal damage in the developing hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Marchese
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Corvino
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Maria
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Epilepsy Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alfredo Furno
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Giannetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cesari
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Neuroembryology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Lulli
- Laboratorio di Biochimica Clinica e Biologia Molecolare, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia - IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Geloso
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Sun H, Ma L, Zhang Y, Pan X, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Sun H, Wang Q, Zhu W. A Purinergic P2 Receptor Family-Mediated Increase in Thrombospondin-1 Bolsters Synaptic Density and Epileptic Seizure Activity in the Amygdala-Kindling Rat Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:302. [PMID: 30386206 PMCID: PMC6199899 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that the thrombospondin-1/transforming growth factor-β1 (TSP-1/TGF-β1) pathway might be critical in synaptogenesis during development and that the purinergic P2 receptor family could regulate synaptogenesis by modulating TSP-1 signaling. However, it is unclear whether this pathway plays a role in synaptogenesis during epileptic progression. This study was designed to investigate this question by analyzing the dynamic changes and effects of TSP-1 levels on the density of synaptic markers that are related to epileptic seizure activity. In addition, we evaluated whether P2-type receptors could regulate these effects. We generated a rat seizure model via amygdala kindling and inhibited TSP-1 activity using small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference and pharmacological inhibition. We treated the rats with antagonists of P2 or P2Y receptors, pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2’,4’-disulfonic (PPADS) or Reactive Blue 2. Following this, we quantified TSP-1 and TGF-β1 immunoreactivity (IR), the density of synaptic markers, and seizure activity. There were significantly more synapses/excitatory synapses in several brain regions, such as the hippocampus, which were associated with progressing epileptic discharges after kindling. These were associated with increased TSP-1 and TGF-β1-IR. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of TSP-1 significantly reduced the density of synaptic/excitatory synaptic markers and inhibited the generalization of focal epilepsy. The administration of PPADS or Reactive Blue 2 attenuated the increase in TSP-1-IR and the increase in the density of synaptic markers that follows kindling and abolished most of the epileptic seizure activity. Altogether, our results indicate that the TSP-1/TGF-β1 pathway and its regulation by P2, particularly P2Y-type receptors, may be a critical promoter of synaptogenesis during the progression of epilepsy. Therefore, components of this pathway may be targets for novel antiepileptic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Luyu Ma
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences (SDAMS) Jinan, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Xiaohong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University Yantai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences (SDAMS) Jinan, China
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Janz P, Hauser P, Heining K, Nestel S, Kirsch M, Egert U, Haas CA. Position- and Time-Dependent Arc Expression Links Neuronal Activity to Synaptic Plasticity During Epileptogenesis. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:244. [PMID: 30154698 PMCID: PMC6102356 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) an initial precipitating injury can trigger aberrant wiring of neuronal circuits causing seizure activity. While circuit reorganization is known to be largely activity-dependent, the interactions between neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity during the development of mTLE remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed at delineating the spatiotemporal relationship between epileptic activity, activity-dependent gene expression and synaptic plasticity during kainic acid-induced epileptogenesis in mice. We show that during epileptogenesis the sclerotic hippocampus differed from non-sclerotic regions by displaying a consistently lower power of paroxysmal discharges. However, the power of these discharges steadily increased during epileptogenesis. This increase was paralleled by the upregulation of the activity-related cytoskeleton protein (Arc) gene expression in dentate granule cells (DGCs) of the sclerotic hippocampus. Importantly, we found that Arc mRNA-upregulating DGCs exhibited increased spine densities and spine sizes, but at the same time decreased AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) densities. Finally, we show that in vivo optogenetic stimulation of DGC synapses evoked robust seizure activity in epileptic mice, but failed to induce dendritic translocation of Arc mRNA as under healthy conditions, supporting the theory of a breakdown of the dentate gate in mTLE. We conclude that during epileptogenesis epileptic activity emerges early and persists in the whole hippocampus, however, only the sclerotic part shows modulation of discharge amplitudes accompanied by plasticity of DGCs. In this context, we identified Arc as a putative mediator between seizure activity and synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Janz
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Hauser
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Heining
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Laboratory for Biomicrotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sigrun Nestel
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Neuroanatomy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Egert
- Laboratory for Biomicrotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carola A Haas
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BrainLinks-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Constitutive and Synaptic Activation of GIRK Channels Differentiates Mature and Newborn Dentate Granule Cells. J Neurosci 2018; 38:6513-6526. [PMID: 29915136 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0674-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparse neural activity in the dentate gyrus is enforced by powerful networks of inhibitory GABAergic interneurons in combination with low intrinsic excitability of the principal neurons, the dentate granule cells (GCs). Although the cellular and circuit properties that dictate synaptic inhibition are well studied, less is known about mechanisms that confer low GC intrinsic excitability. Here we demonstrate that intact G protein-mediated signaling contributes to the characteristic low resting membrane potential that differentiates mature dentate GCs from CA1 pyramidal cells and developing adult-born GCs. In mature GCs from male and female mice, intact G protein signaling robustly reduces intrinsic excitability, whereas deletion of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium channel 2 (GIRK2) increases excitability and blocks the effects of G protein signaling on intrinsic properties. Similarly, pharmacological manipulation of GABAB receptors (GABABRs) or GIRK channels alters intrinsic excitability and GC spiking behavior. However, adult-born new GCs lack functional GIRK activity, with phasic and constitutive GABABR-mediated GIRK signaling appearing after several weeks of maturation. Phasic activation is interneuron specific, arising primarily from nNOS-expressing interneurons rather than parvalbumin- or somatostatin-expressing interneurons. Together, these results demonstrate that G protein signaling contributes to the intrinsic excitability that differentiates mature and developing dentate GCs and further suggest that late maturation of GIRK channel activity is poised to convert early developmental functions of GABAB receptor signaling into GABABR-mediated inhibition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The dentate gyrus exhibits sparse neural activity that is essential for the computational function of pattern separation. Sparse activity is ascribed to strong local inhibitory circuits in combination with low intrinsic excitability of the principal neurons, the granule cells. Here we show that constitutive activity of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) underlies to the hallmark low resting membrane potential and input resistance of mature dentate neurons. Adult-born neurons initially lack functional GIRK channels, with constitutive and phasic GABAB receptor-mediated GIRK inhibition developing in tandem after several weeks of maturation. Our results reveal that GABAB/GIRK activity is an important determinant of low excitability of mature dentate granule cells that may contribute to sparse DG activity in vivo.
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Folweiler KA, Samuel S, Metheny HE, Cohen AS. Diminished Dentate Gyrus Filtering of Cortical Input Leads to Enhanced Area Ca3 Excitability after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:1304-1317. [PMID: 29338620 PMCID: PMC5962932 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) disrupts hippocampal function and can lead to long-lasting episodic memory impairments. The encoding of episodic memories relies on spatial information processing within the hippocampus. As the primary entry point for spatial information into the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus is thought to function as a physiological gate, or filter, of afferent excitation before reaching downstream area Cornu Ammonis (CA3). Although injury has previously been shown to alter dentate gyrus network excitability, it is unknown whether mTBI affects dentate gyrus output to area CA3. In this study, we assessed hippocampal function, specifically the interaction between the dentate gyrus and CA3, using behavioral and electrophysiological techniques in ex vivo brain slices 1 week following mild lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI). Behaviorally, LFPI mice were found to be impaired in an object-place recognition task, indicating that spatial information processing in the hippocampus is disrupted. Extracellular recordings and voltage-sensitive dye imaging demonstrated that perforant path activation leads to the aberrant spread of excitation from the dentate gyrus into area CA3 along the mossy fiber pathway. These results suggest that after mTBI, the dentate gyrus has a diminished capacity to regulate cortical input into the hippocampus, leading to increased CA3 network excitability. The loss of the dentate filtering efficacy reveals a potential mechanism by which hippocampal-dependent spatial information processing is disrupted, and may contribute to memory dysfunction after mTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin A. Folweiler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandy Samuel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah E. Metheny
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Akiva S. Cohen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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46
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mTOR-dependent alterations of Kv1.1 subunit expression in the neuronal subset-specific Pten knockout mouse model of cortical dysplasia with epilepsy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3568. [PMID: 29476105 PMCID: PMC5824782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical dysplasia (CD) is a common cause for intractable epilepsy. Hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been implicated in CD; however, the mechanisms by which mTOR hyperactivation contribute to the epilepsy phenotype remain elusive. Here, we investigated whether constitutive mTOR hyperactivation in the hippocampus is associated with altered voltage-gated ion channel expression in the neuronal subset-specific Pten knockout (NS-Pten KO) mouse model of CD with epilepsy. We found that the protein levels of Kv1.1, but not Kv1.2, Kv1.4, or Kvβ2, potassium channel subunits were increased, along with altered Kv1.1 distribution, within the hippocampus of NS-Pten KO mice. The aberrant Kv1.1 protein levels were present in young adult (≥postnatal week 6) but not juvenile (≤postnatal week 4) NS-Pten KO mice. No changes in hippocampal Kv1.1 mRNA levels were found between NS-Pten KO and WT mice. Interestingly, mTOR inhibition with rapamycin treatment at early and late stages of the pathology normalized Kv1.1 protein levels in NS-Pten KO mice to WT levels. Together, these studies demonstrate altered Kv1.1 protein expression in association with mTOR hyperactivation in NS-Pten KO mice and suggest a role for mTOR signaling in the modulation of voltage-gated ion channel expression in this model.
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47
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Xiao LY, Wang XR, Yang JW, Ye Y, Zhu W, Cao Y, Ma SM, Liu CZ. Acupuncture Prevents the Impairment of Hippocampal LTP Through β1-AR in Vascular Dementia Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7677-7690. [PMID: 29435917 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the synaptic dysfunction and synapse loss contribute to the cognitive deficits of vascular dementia (VD) patients. We have previously reported that acupuncture improved cognitive function in rats with VD. However, the mechanisms involved in acupuncture improving cognitive ability remain to be elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the pathways and molecules involved in the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture. We assessed the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), the most prominent cellular model of memory formation. Acupuncture enhanced LTP and norepinephrine (NE) levels in the hippocampus. Inhibition of the β-adrenergic receptor (AR), but not the α-AR, was able to block the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal LTP. Furthermore, inhibition of β1-AR, not β2-AR, abolished the enhanced LTP induced by acupuncture. The expression analysis revealed a significant upregulation of β1-AR and unchanged β2-AR with acupuncture, which supported the above findings. Specifically, increased β1-ARs in the dentate gyrus were expressed on neurons exclusively. Taken together, the present data supports a beneficial role of acupuncture in synaptic plasticity challenged with VD. A likely mechanism is the increase of NE and activation of β1-AR in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yong Xiao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Xue-Rui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ming Ma
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China.
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48
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Cataldi S, Arcuri C, Hunot S, Mecca C, Codini M, Laurenti ME, Ferri I, Loreti E, Garcia-Gil M, Traina G, Conte C, Ambesi-Impiombato FS, Beccari T, Curcio F, Albi E. Effect of Vitamin D in HN9.10e Embryonic Hippocampal Cells and in Hippocampus from MPTP-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:31. [PMID: 29467625 PMCID: PMC5808335 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been proven that neurogenesis continues in the adult brains of mammals in the dentatus gyrus of the hippocampus due to the presence of neural stem cells. Although a large number of studies have been carried out to highlight the localization of vitamin D receptor in hippocampus, the expression of vitamin D receptor in neurogenic dentatus gyrus of hippocampus in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the molecular mechanisms triggered by vitamin D underlying the production of differentiated neurons from embryonic cells remain unknown. Thus, we performed a preclinical in vivo study by inducing PD in mice with MPTP and showed a reduction of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vitamin D receptor in the dentatus gyrus of hippocampus. Then, we performed an in vitro study by inducing embryonic hippocampal cell differentiation with vitamin D. Interestingly, vitamin D stimulates the expression of its receptor. Vitamin D receptor is a transcription factor that probably is responsible for the upregulation of microtubule associated protein 2 and neurofilament heavy polypeptide genes. The latter increases heavy neurofilament protein expression, essential for neurofilament growth. Notably N-cadherin, implicated in activity for dendritic outgrowth, is upregulated by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuela Cataldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Cataldo Arcuri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stéphane Hunot
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelleépinière, Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Mecca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria E. Laurenti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ivana Ferri
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Loreti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood, Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Traina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmela Conte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Albi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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49
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van Campen JS, Hessel EVS, Bohmbach K, Rizzi G, Lucassen PJ, Lakshmi Turimella S, Umeoka EHL, Meerhoff GF, Braun KPJ, de Graan PNE, Joëls M. Stress and Corticosteroids Aggravate Morphological Changes in the Dentate Gyrus after Early-Life Experimental Febrile Seizures in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:3. [PMID: 29434572 PMCID: PMC5790804 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is the most frequently self-reported seizure precipitant in patients with epilepsy. Moreover, a relation between ear stress and epilepsy has been suggested. Although ear stress and stress hormones are known to influence seizure threshold in rodents, effects on the development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis) are still unclear. Therefore, we studied the consequences of ear corticosteroid exposure for epileptogenesis, under highly controlled conditions in an animal model. Experimental febrile seizures (eFS) were elicited in 10-day-old mice by warm-air induced hyperthermia, while a control group was exposed to a normothermic condition. In the following 2 weeks, mice received either seven corticosterone or vehicle injections or were left undisturbed. Specific measures indicative for epileptogenesis were examined at 25 days of age and compared with vehicle injected or untreated mice. We examined structural [neurogenesis, dendritic morphology, and mossy fiber sprouting (MFS)] and functional (glutamatergic postsynaptic currents and long-term potentiation) plasticity in the dentate gyrus (DG). We found that differences in DG morphology induced by eFS were aggravated by repetitive (mildly stressful) vehicle injections and corticosterone exposure. In the injected groups, eFS were associated with decreases in neurogenesis, and increases in cell proliferation, dendritic length, and spine density. No group differences were found in MFS. Despite these changes in DG morphology, no effects of eFS were found on functional plasticity. We conclude that corticosterone exposure during early epileptogenesis elicited by eFS aggravates morphological, but not functional, changes in the DG, which partly supports the hypothesis that ear stress stimulates epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien S. van Campen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Child Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ellen V. S. Hessel
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Bohmbach
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Rizzi
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sada Lakshmi Turimella
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eduardo H. L. Umeoka
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Neursocience and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gideon F. Meerhoff
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kees P. J. Braun
- Department of Child Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Pierre N. E. de Graan
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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50
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Martínez-François JR, Fernández-Agüera MC, Nathwani N, Lahmann C, Burnham VL, Danial NN, Yellen G. BAD and K ATP channels regulate neuron excitability and epileptiform activity. eLife 2018; 7:32721. [PMID: 29368690 PMCID: PMC5785210 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain metabolism can profoundly influence neuronal excitability. Mice with genetic deletion or alteration of Bad (BCL-2 agonist of cell death) exhibit altered brain-cell fuel metabolism, accompanied by resistance to acutely induced epileptic seizures; this seizure protection is mediated by ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. Here we investigated the effect of BAD manipulation on KATP channel activity and excitability in acute brain slices. We found that BAD’s influence on neuronal KATP channels was cell-autonomous and directly affected dentate granule neuron (DGN) excitability. To investigate the role of neuronal KATP channels in the anticonvulsant effects of BAD, we imaged calcium during picrotoxin-induced epileptiform activity in entorhinal-hippocampal slices. BAD knockout reduced epileptiform activity, and this effect was lost upon knockout or pharmacological inhibition of KATP channels. Targeted BAD knockout in DGNs alone was sufficient for the antiseizure effect in slices, consistent with a ‘dentate gate’ function that is reinforced by increased KATP channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nidhi Nathwani
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Carolina Lahmann
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Veronica L Burnham
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Nika N Danial
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Gary Yellen
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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