1
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Tydings CW, Singh B, Smith AW, Ledwitch KV, Brown BP, Lovly CM, Walker AS, Meiler J. Analysis of EGFR binding hotspots for design of new EGFR inhibitory biologics. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5141. [PMID: 39275996 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is activated by the binding of one of seven EGF-like ligands to its ectodomain. Ligand binding results in EGFR dimerization and stabilization of the active receptor conformation subsequently leading to activation of downstream signaling. Aberrant activation of EGFR contributes to cancer progression through EGFR overexpression/amplification, modulation of its positive and negative regulators, and/or activating mutations within EGFR. EGFR targeted therapeutic antibodies prevent dimerization and interaction with endogenous ligands by binding the ectodomain of EGFR. However, these antibodies have had limited success in the clinic, partially due to EGFR ectodomain resistance mutations, and are only applicable to a subset of patients with EGFR-driven cancers. These limitations suggest that alternative EGFR targeted biologics need to be explored for EGFR-driven cancer therapy. To this end, we analyze the EGFR interfaces of known inhibitory biologics with determined structures in the context of endogenous ligands, using the Rosetta macromolecular modeling software to highlight the most important interactions on a per-residue basis. We use this analysis to identify the structural determinants of EGFR targeted biologics. We suggest that commonly observed binding motifs serve as the basis for rational design of new EGFR targeted biologics, such as peptides, antibodies, and nanobodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claiborne W Tydings
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bhuminder Singh
- Department of Medicine - Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Adam W Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Kaitlyn V Ledwitch
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Benjamin P Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Medicine - Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Allison S Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University Medical School, Leipzig, SAC, Germany
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2
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Bagchi A, Stayrook SE, Xenaki KT, Starbird CA, Doulkeridou S, El Khoulati R, Roovers RC, Schmitz KR, van Bergen En Henegouwen PMP, Ferguson KM. Structural insights into the role and targeting of EGFRvIII. Structure 2024; 32:1367-1380.e6. [PMID: 38908376 PMCID: PMC11380598 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a well-known oncogenic driver in lung and other cancers. In glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the EGFR deletion variant III (EGFRvIII) is frequently found alongside EGFR amplification. Agents targeting the EGFR axis have shown limited clinical benefits in GBM and the role of EGFRvIII in GBM is poorly understood. To shed light on the role of EGFRvIII and its potential as a therapeutic target, we determined X-ray crystal structures of a monomeric EGFRvIII extracellular region (ECR). The EGFRvIII ECR resembles the unliganded conformation of EGFR, including the orientation of the C-terminal region of domain II. Domain II is mostly disordered, but the ECR structure is compact. We selected a nanobody with preferential binding to EGFRvIII relative to EGFR and structurally defined an epitope on domain IV that is occluded in the unliganded intact EGFR. These findings suggest new avenues for EGFRvIII targeting in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atrish Bagchi
- Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Steven E Stayrook
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Katerina T Xenaki
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, the Netherlands
| | - Chrystal A Starbird
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Sofia Doulkeridou
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, the Netherlands
| | - Rachid El Khoulati
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, the Netherlands
| | - Rob C Roovers
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, the Netherlands
| | - Karl R Schmitz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Paul M P van Bergen En Henegouwen
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CH, the Netherlands
| | - Kathryn M Ferguson
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
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3
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Liu X, Song Y, Cheng P, Liang B, Xing D. Targeting HER2 in solid tumors: Unveiling the structure and novel epitopes. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 130:102826. [PMID: 39270365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2024.102826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is overexpressed in various solid tumor types, acting as an established therapeutic target. Over the last three decades, the fast-paced development of diverse HER2-targeted agents, notably marked by the introduction of the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), yielding substantial improvements in survival rates. However, resistance to anti-HER2 treatments continues to pose formidable challenges. The complex structure and dynamic dimerization properties of HER2 create significant hurdles in the development of novel targeted therapeutics. In this review, we synthesize the latest insights into the structural intricacies of HER2 and present an unprecedented overview of the epitope characteristics of HER2-targeted antibodies and their derivatives. Furthermore, we delve into the correlation between anti-HER2 antibody binding epitopes and their respective functions, with a particular focus on their efficacy against resistant tumors. In addition, we highlight the potential of emerging anti-HER2 agents that target specific sites or non-overlapping epitopes, poised to transform the therapeutic landscape for HER2-positive tumors in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yunlong Song
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Panpan Cheng
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Bing Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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4
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Yalçıntaş YM, Duman H, López JMM, Portocarrero ACM, Lombardo M, Khallouki F, Koch W, Bordiga M, El-Seedi H, Raposo A, Alves JLDB, Karav S. Revealing the Potency of Growth Factors in Bovine Colostrum. Nutrients 2024; 16:2359. [PMID: 39064802 PMCID: PMC11279796 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colostrum is a nutritious milk synthesized by mammals during the postpartum period, and its rich bioactive components has led to a global increase in the consumption of bovine colostrum as a supplement. Bovine colostrum contains key components such as immunoglobulins, oligosaccharides, lactoferrin and lysozyme. It is a special supplement source due to its natural, high bioavailability and high concentrations of growth factors. Growth factors are critical to many physiological functions, and considering its presence in the colostrum, further research must be conducted on its safe application in many bodily disorders. Growth factors contribute to wound healing, muscle and bone development, and supporting growth in children. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms have been explored, highlighting the growth factors roles in cell proliferation, tissue regeneration, and the regulation of immune responses. These findings are crucial for understanding the potential health effects of bovine colostrum, ensuring its safe use, and forming a basis for future clinical applications. This review article examines the growth factors concentration in bovine colostrum, their benefits, clinical studies, and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalçın Mert Yalçıntaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17000, Türkiye; (Y.M.Y.); (H.D.)
| | - Hatice Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17000, Türkiye; (Y.M.Y.); (H.D.)
| | - Jose M. Miranda López
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.M.M.L.); (A.C.M.P.)
| | - Alicia C. Mondragón Portocarrero
- Laboratorio de Higiene Inspección y Control de Alimentos, Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.M.M.L.); (A.C.M.P.)
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Farid Khallouki
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 50050, Morocco;
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Matteo Bordiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Hesham El-Seedi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, P.O. Box 170, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia;
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Jose Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil;
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17000, Türkiye; (Y.M.Y.); (H.D.)
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5
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Ruedas R, Vuillemot R, Tubiana T, Winter JM, Pieri L, Arteni AA, Samson C, Jonic S, Mathieu M, Bressanelli S. Structure and conformational variability of the HER2-trastuzumab-pertuzumab complex. J Struct Biol 2024; 216:108095. [PMID: 38723875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2024.108095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Single particle analysis from cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is particularly attractive for complexes for which structure prediction remains intractable, such as antibody-antigen complexes. Here we obtain the detailed structure of a particularly difficult complex between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the antigen-binding fragments from two distinct therapeutic antibodies binding to distant parts of the flexible HER2, pertuzumab and trastuzumab (HTP). We highlight the strengths and limitations of current data processing software in dealing with various kinds of heterogeneities, particularly continuous conformational heterogeneity, and in describing the motions that can be extracted from our dataset. Our HTP structure provides a more detailed view than the one previously available for this ternary complex. This allowed us to pinpoint a previously overlooked loop in domain IV that may be involved both in binding of trastuzumab and in HER2 dimerization. This finding may contribute to explain the synergistic anticancer effect of the two antibodies. We further propose that the flexibility of the HTP complex, beyond the difficulties it causes for cryo-EM analysis, actually reflects regulation of HER2 signaling and its inhibition by therapeutic antibodies. Notably we obtain our best data with ultra-thin continuous carbon grids, showing that with current cameras their use to alleviate particle misdistribution is compatible with a protein complex of only 162 kDa. Perhaps most importantly, we provide here a dataset for such a smallish protein complex for further development of software accounting for continuous conformational heterogeneity in cryo-EM images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Ruedas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS - Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Sanofi, Integrated Drug Discovery, 13, quai Jules Guesde 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Rémi Vuillemot
- IMPMC-UMR 7590 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thibault Tubiana
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS - Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Marie Winter
- NanoImaging Core Facility, Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (C2RT), Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Laura Pieri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS - Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ana-Andreea Arteni
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS - Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Camille Samson
- Sanofi, Integrated Drug Discovery, 13, quai Jules Guesde 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Slavica Jonic
- IMPMC-UMR 7590 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Magali Mathieu
- Sanofi, Integrated Drug Discovery, 13, quai Jules Guesde 94403, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Stéphane Bressanelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS - Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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6
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Arimori T, Mihara E, Suzuki H, Ohishi T, Tanaka T, Kaneko MK, Takagi J, Kato Y. Locally misfolded HER2 expressed on cancer cells is a promising target for development of cancer-specific antibodies. Structure 2024; 32:536-549.e5. [PMID: 38460519 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast and gastric cancers is associated with a poor prognosis, making it an important therapeutic target. Here, we establish a novel cancer-specific anti-HER2 antibody, H2Mab-214. H2Mab-214 reacts with HER2 on cancer cells, but unlike the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab, it does not react with HER2 on normal cells in flow cytometry measurements. A crystal structure suggests that H2Mab-214 recognizes a structurally disrupted region in the HER2 domain IV, which normally forms a β-sheet. We show that this misfolding is inducible by site-directed mutagenesis mimicking the disulfide bond defects that also may occur in cancer cells, indicating that the local misfolding in the Cys-rich domain IV governs the cancer-specificity of H2Mab-214. Furthermore, we show that H2Mab-214 effectively suppresses tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. Our findings offer a potential strategy for developing cancer-specific therapeutic antibodies that target partially misfolded cell surface receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Arimori
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2. Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Emiko Mihara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2. Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24, Miyamoto, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan; Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Laboratory of Oncology, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2. Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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7
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Otani T, Suzuki M, Takakura H, Hanaoka H. Synthesis and biological evaluation of EGFR binding peptides for near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 105:117717. [PMID: 38614014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that involves photoimmunotherapy drug injection and NIR light exposure. In NIR-PIT, antibodies are commonly used as target-directed molecules carrying IRDye700DX (IR700). However, antibodies have disadvantages, such as high cost, complex development strategies, and poor tumor penetration. In contrast, peptides have lower production costs, can be easy to chemically synthesize and modify, and can also be used for tumor-targeting like antibodies. In this study, we developed a novel PIT drug using a peptide as the target-directed molecule. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was selected as the target, and monovalent and bivalent EGFR-binding peptides were synthesized. The bivalent peptide showed sufficient binding to EGFR-positive cells, and a bivalent peptide-IR700 conjugate with a long linker induced morphological changes in EGFR-positive cells. Additionally, the drug significantly reduced cell viability in vitro in an NIR light-dose- and drug-concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate the feasibility of NIR-PIT in treating cancer using peptide-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Otani
- Near InfraRed Photo-ImmunoTherapy Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Motofumi Suzuki
- Near InfraRed Photo-ImmunoTherapy Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hideo Takakura
- Near InfraRed Photo-ImmunoTherapy Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hanaoka
- Near InfraRed Photo-ImmunoTherapy Research Institute, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan.
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8
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Trenker R, Diwanji D, Bingham T, Verba KA, Jura N. Structural dynamics of the active HER4 and HER2/HER4 complexes is finely tuned by different growth factors and glycosylation. eLife 2024; 12:RP92873. [PMID: 38498590 PMCID: PMC10948148 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 4 (HER4 or ERBB4) carries out essential functions in the development and maintenance of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. HER4 activation is regulated by a diverse group of extracellular ligands including the neuregulin (NRG) family and betacellulin (BTC), which promote HER4 homodimerization or heterodimerization with other HER receptors. Important cardiovascular functions of HER4 are exerted via heterodimerization with its close homolog and orphan receptor, HER2. To date structural insights into ligand-mediated HER4 activation have been limited to crystallographic studies of HER4 ectodomain homodimers in complex with NRG1β. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of near full-length HER2/HER4 heterodimers and full-length HER4 homodimers bound to NRG1β and BTC. We show that the structures of the heterodimers bound to either ligand are nearly identical and that in both cases the HER2/HER4 heterodimer interface is less dynamic than those observed in structures of HER2/EGFR and HER2/HER3 heterodimers. In contrast, structures of full-length HER4 homodimers bound to NRG1β and BTC display more large-scale dynamics mirroring states previously reported for EGFR homodimers. Our structures also reveal the presence of multiple glycan modifications within HER4 ectodomains, modeled for the first time in HER receptors, that distinctively contribute to the stabilization of HER4 homodimer interfaces over those of HER2/HER4 heterodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Trenker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Devan Diwanji
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Tanner Bingham
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Kliment A Verba
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
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9
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Macdonald-Obermann JL, Pike LJ. Extracellular domain mutations of the EGF receptor differentially modulate high-affinity and low-affinity responses to EGF receptor ligands. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105763. [PMID: 38367671 PMCID: PMC10945275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The EGF receptor is mutated in a number of cancers. In most cases, the mutations occur in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain. However, in glioblastomas, many of the mutations are in the extracellular ligand binding domain. To determine what changes in receptor function are induced by such extracellular domain mutations, we analyzed the binding and biological response to the seven different EGF receptor ligands in three common glioblastoma mutants-R84K, A265V, and G574V. Our data indicate that all three mutations significantly increase the binding affinity of all seven ligands. In addition, the mutations increase the potency of all ligands for stimulating receptor autophosphorylation, phospholipase Cγ, Akt, and MAP kinase activity. In all mutants, the rank order of ligand potency seen at the wild-type receptor was retained, suggesting that the receptors still discriminate among the different ligands. However, the low-affinity ligands, EPR and EPG, did show larger than average enhancements of potency for stimulating Akt and MAPK but not receptor autophosphorylation and phospholipase Cγ activation. Relative to the wild-type receptor, these changes lead to an increase in the responsiveness of these mutants to physiological concentrations of ligands and an alteration in the ratio of activation of the different pathways. This may contribute to their oncogenic potential. In the context of recent findings, our data also suggest that so-called "high"-affinity biological responses arise from activation by isolated receptor dimers, whereas "low"-affinity biological responses require clustering of receptors which occurs at higher concentrations of ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda J Pike
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
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10
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Mudumbi KC, Burns EA, Schodt DJ, Petrova ZO, Kiyatkin A, Kim LW, Mangiacapre EM, Ortiz-Caraveo I, Rivera Ortiz H, Hu C, Ashtekar KD, Lidke KA, Lidke DS, Lemmon MA. Distinct interactions stabilize EGFR dimers and higher-order oligomers in cell membranes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113603. [PMID: 38117650 PMCID: PMC10835193 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase with important roles in many cellular processes as well as in cancer and other diseases. EGF binding promotes EGFR dimerization and autophosphorylation through interactions that are well understood structurally. How these dimers relate to higher-order EGFR oligomers seen in cell membranes, however, remains unclear. Here, we used single-particle tracking (SPT) and Förster resonance energy transfer imaging to examine how each domain of EGFR contributes to receptor oligomerization and the rate of receptor diffusion in the cell membrane. Although the extracellular region of EGFR is sufficient to drive receptor dimerization, we find that the EGF-induced EGFR slowdown seen by SPT requires higher-order oligomerization-mediated in part by the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain when it adopts an active conformation. Our data thus provide important insight into the interactions required for higher-order EGFR assemblies involved in EGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Mudumbi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Eric A Burns
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - David J Schodt
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Zaritza O Petrova
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Anatoly Kiyatkin
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Lucy W Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Emma M Mangiacapre
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Irais Ortiz-Caraveo
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Hector Rivera Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Chun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Kumar D Ashtekar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Keith A Lidke
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Diane S Lidke
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Mark A Lemmon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University West Campus, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
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11
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Trenker R, Diwanji D, Bingham T, Verba KA, Jura N. Structural dynamics of the active HER4 and HER2/HER4 complexes is finely tuned by different growth factors and glycosylation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.06.561161. [PMID: 38260342 PMCID: PMC10802258 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.06.561161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 4 (HER4 or ERBB4) carries out essential functions in the development and maintenance of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. HER4 activation is regulated by a diverse group of extracellular ligands including the neuregulin (NRG) family and betacellulin (BTC), which promote HER4 homodimerization or heterodimerization with other HER receptors. Important cardiovascular functions of HER4 are exerted via heterodimerization with its close homolog and orphan receptor, HER2. To date structural insights into ligand-mediated HER4 activation have been limited to crystallographic studies of HER4 ectodomain homodimers in complex with NRG1β. Here we report cryo-EM structures of near full-length HER2/HER4 heterodimers and full-length HER4 homodimers bound to NRG1β and BTC. We show that the structures of the heterodimers bound to either ligand are nearly identical and that in both cases the HER2/HER4 heterodimer interface is less dynamic than those observed in structures of HER2/EGFR and HER2/HER3 heterodimers. In contrast, structures of full-length HER4 homodimers bound to NRG1β and BTC display more large-scale dynamics mirroring states previously reported for EGFR homodimers. Our structures also reveal the presence of multiple glycan modifications within HER4 ectodomains, modeled for the first time in HER receptors, that distinctively contribute to the stabilization of HER4 homodimer interfaces over those of HER2/HER4 heterodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Trenker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Devan Diwanji
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tanner Bingham
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kliment A. Verba
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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12
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Yamada K, Shioya R, Nishino K, Furihata H, Hijikata A, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Shirai T, Kosako H, Sawasaki T. Proximity extracellular protein-protein interaction analysis of EGFR using AirID-conjugated fragment of antigen binding. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8301. [PMID: 38097606 PMCID: PMC10721602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor proteins, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interact with other proteins in the extracellular region of the cell membrane to drive intracellular signalling. Therefore, analysis of extracellular protein-protein interactions (exPPIs) is important for understanding the biological function of receptor proteins. Here, we present an approach using a proximity biotinylation enzyme (AirID) fusion fragment of antigen binding (FabID) to analyse the proximity exPPIs of EGFR. AirID was C-terminally fused to the Fab fragment against EGFR (EGFR-FabID), which could then biotinylate the extracellular region of EGFR in several cell lines. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis indicated that many known EGFR interactors were identified as proximity exPPIs, along with many unknown candidate interactors, using EGFR-FabID. Interestingly, these proximity exPPIs were influenced by treatment with EGF ligand and its specific kinase inhibitor, gefitinib. These results indicate that FabID provides accurate proximity exPPI analysis of target receptor proteins on cell membranes with ligand and drug responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohdai Yamada
- Division of Cell-Free Life Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ryouhei Shioya
- Division of Cell-Free Life Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hirotake Furihata
- Division of Cell-Free Life Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hijikata
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Department of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of BioScience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- Division of Cell-Free Life Science, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan.
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13
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Sun M, Jiang Z, Gu P, Guo B, Li J, Cheng S, Ba Q, Wang H. Cadmium promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through EGFR/Akt/mTOR signaling cascade and dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165699. [PMID: 37495125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous environmental heavy metal with a prolonged biological half-life. Due to the main route of foodborne exposure, the intestinal tract is particularly vulnerable to Cd-induced toxicity. However, the chronic toxicity and underlying mechanisms of Cd in intestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer (CRC), still remain vague. Herein, we aim to investigate the long-term effects of Cd exposure on CRC development and the key signaling event. Our findings indicate that chronic and low-dose exposure to Cd promoted the invasion and metastasis capability of CRC cells in vitro and in mice, with a marginal increase in cell growth. The expression of cell junction-related genes was down-regulated while those molecules that facilitate cell mobility were significantly increased by Cd exposure. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling was identified to play the dominant role in Cd-promoted CRC metastasis. Interestingly, Cd activated EGFR in a non-canonical manner that exhibited distinct signaling dynamics from the canonical ligand. In contrast to EGF, which induced transient EGFR signaling and ERK activation, Cd promoted sustained EGFR signaling to trigger Akt/mTOR cascade. The unique signaling dynamics of EGFR induced by Cd provoked responses that preferably enhanced the metastatic capacity rather than the growth. Furthermore, blockade of EGFR abrogated the promoting effects of Cd on the liver metastasis of CRC cells. In conclusion, this study provides a better understanding of the long-term influences of environmental Cd on CRC metastasis and reveals the unique EGFR signaling dynamics induced by Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheshun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Shi H, Panjikar S, Li C, Ou X, Zhou Y, Zhang K, Song L, Yu R, Sun L, Zhu J. Characterization of a novel recombinant calcium-binding protein from Arca subcrenata and its anti-hepatoma activities in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125513. [PMID: 37353116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that ASP-3 was a novel calcium-binding protein from Arca subcrenata that effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells. To further study the antitumor activity and mechanism of ASP-3, the cytotoxic effects of recombinant ASP-3 were evaluated in HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that ASP-3 inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells by competitively binding to the EGF binding pocket of EGFR and inhibiting the JAK-STAT, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, and PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathways mediated by EGFR. ASP-3 significantly inhibited tumor growth in a HepG2 cell subcutaneous xenograft nude mouse model, and its (25 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg) tumor inhibition rates were 46.92 % and 60.28 %, respectively. Furthermore, the crystal structure of ASP-3 was resolved at 1.4 Å. ASP-3 formed as a stable dimer and folded as an EF-Hand structure. ASP-3 stably bound to domain I and domain III of the EGFR extracellular region by using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis. Compared with the endogenous ligand EGF, ASP-3 displayed a stronger interaction with EGFR. These experimental results indicated that recombinant ASP-3 possessed an effective anti-hepatoma effect. So, it might be a potential molecule for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, China
| | | | - Chunlei Li
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaozheng Ou
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kunhao Zhang
- Department of Life Science, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Liyan Song
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, China.
| | - Lianli Sun
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan 250101, China.
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15
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Xu Q, Huang S, Yang K. Combination immunochemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069047. [PMID: 37311638 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination immunochemotherapy regimens for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). DESIGN Meta-analysis and systematic review. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library and the Clinicaltrials.gov clinical trials registry were searched up to 14 March 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES We included randomised controlled trials that compared combination immunochemotherapy with conventional chemotherapy for R/M HNSCC. Primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and adverse effects (AEs). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The HR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for survival analysis, while the OR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for dichotomous variables. These statistics were extracted by the reviewers and aggregated using a fixed-effects model to synthesise the data. RESULTS A total of 1214 relevant papers were obtained after the initial search, and five papers that met the inclusion criteria were included; these studies included a total of 1856 patients with R/M HNSCC. Meta-analysis showed that the OS and PFS of patients with R/M HNSCC in the combination immunochemotherapy group were significantly longer than those in the conventional chemotherapy group (HR=0.84; 95% CI 0.76, 0.94; p=0.002; HR=0.67; 95% CI 0.61, 0.75; p<0.0001), and the ORR was significantly higher (OR=1.90; 95% CI 1.54, 2.34; p<0.00001). The analysis of AEs showed that there was no significant difference in the overall incidence rate of AEs between two groups (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.18, 3.58; p=0.77), but the rate of grade III and IV AEs was significantly higher in patients in the combination immunochemotherapy group (OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.12, 1.73; p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Combination immunochemotherapy prolonged OS and PFS in patients with R/M HNSCC and improved the ORR; while this approach did not increase the overall incidence of AEs in patients, it increased the rate of grade III and IV AEs. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022344166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiudong Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuxi Stomatology Hospital, Wuxi, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Fei H, Li W, Lu N, Liu Q, Zhang Y. Molecular dynamic simulation reveals the molecular interactions of epidermal growth factor receptor with musk xylene are involved in the carcinogenicity. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16311-16320. [PMID: 37266509 PMCID: PMC10230269 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07552k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Musk xylene (MX), a kind of personal care product, has become a new type of environmental contaminant in recent years. Long-term exposure to MX is associated with a variety of cancers, but the mechanism is still unclear. Meanwhile, our previous research showed that MX exposure could lead to malignant transformation of human liver cells L02 and up-regulation of multi genes which are involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These findings indicated that the MAPK signaling pathway might be involved in the malignant transformation caused by MX, but the mechanism is also unclear. In this study, the underlying interaction mechanisms between EGFR and MX were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Results revealed that MX bound to the ECD of EGFR in four binding sites, which was mainly driven by van der Waals and nonpolar interactions, and the affinity of MX toward ECD was sIII > sI > sII > sIV. Further analysis through MD simulation found that s III, the site with the strongest binding, was coincidentally located at the binding area of EGF, which is the natural ligand of EGFR. Therefore, we speculated that MX may activate the MAPK signaling pathway by binding to EGFR in a similar way to EGF, and finally lead to tumorigenesis. In addition, the MM/PBSA method could also be utilized to calculate the hot residues in each binding site. The prediction of hot residues would provide some theoretical guidance for further study of the carcinogenesis mechanisms of MX both in MD simulation and experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxing Fei
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Fujian Engineering Research Center for EDA, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Multiphysics Electronic Information, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Wen Li
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Fujian Engineering Research Center for EDA, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Multiphysics Electronic Information, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Nan Lu
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Fujian Engineering Research Center for EDA, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Multiphysics Electronic Information, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Qinghuo Liu
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- EIT Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Ningbo China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Fujian Engineering Research Center for EDA, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Wave Science and Detection Technology, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Multiphysics Electronic Information, Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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17
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Sugiyama MG, Brown AI, Vega-Lugo J, Borges JP, Scott AM, Jaqaman K, Fairn GD, Antonescu CN. Confinement of unliganded EGFR by tetraspanin nanodomains gates EGFR ligand binding and signaling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2681. [PMID: 37160944 PMCID: PMC10170156 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a central regulator of cell physiology. EGFR is activated by ligand binding, triggering receptor dimerization, activation of kinase activity, and intracellular signaling. EGFR is transiently confined within various plasma membrane nanodomains, yet how this may contribute to regulation of EGFR ligand binding is poorly understood. To resolve how EGFR nanoscale compartmentalization gates ligand binding, we developed single-particle tracking methods to track the mobility of ligand-bound and total EGFR, in combination with modeling of EGFR ligand binding. In comparison to unliganded EGFR, ligand-bound EGFR is more confined and distinctly regulated by clathrin and tetraspanin nanodomains. Ligand binding to unliganded EGFR occurs preferentially in tetraspanin nanodomains, and disruption of tetraspanin nanodomains impairs EGFR ligand binding and alters the conformation of the receptor's ectodomain. We thus reveal a mechanism by which EGFR confinement within tetraspanin nanodomains regulates receptor signaling at the level of ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aidan I Brown
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jesus Vega-Lugo
- Department of Biophysics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jazlyn P Borges
- Program in Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Khuloud Jaqaman
- Department of Biophysics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gregory D Fairn
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Costin N Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Mudumbi KC, Burns EA, Schodt DJ, Petrova ZO, Kiyatkin A, Kim LW, Mangiacapre EM, Ortiz-Caraveo I, Ortiz HR, Hu C, Ashtekar KD, Lidke KA, Lidke DS, Lemmon MA. Distinct interactions stabilize EGFR dimers and higher-order oligomers in cell membranes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.10.536273. [PMID: 37090557 PMCID: PMC10120646 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.10.536273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) with important roles in many cellular processes as well as cancer and other diseases. EGF binding promotes EGFR dimerization and autophosphorylation through interactions that are well understood structurally. However, it is not clear how these dimers relate to higher-order EGFR oligomers detected at the cell surface. We used single-particle tracking (SPT) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging to examine how each domain within EGFR contributes to receptor dimerization and the rate of its diffusion in the cell membrane. We show that the EGFR extracellular region is sufficient to drive receptor dimerization, but that the EGF-induced EGFR slow-down seen by SPT requires formation of higher order oligomers, mediated in part by the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain - but only when in its active conformation. Our data thus provide important insight into higher-order EGFR interactions required for EGF signaling.
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19
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He Q, Qu M, Bao H, Xu Y, Shen T, Tan D, Barkat MQ, Xu C, Zeng LH, Wu X. Multiple post-translational modifications ensure EGFR functionality: Potential therapeutic targets to overcome its drug-resistance mutations. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 70:41-53. [PMID: 36934069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is the most common driver mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitive mutation is the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). However, most NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation will develop resistant mutations in EGFR-TKI therapy. With further studies, resistance mechanisms represented by EGFR-T790M mutations have revealed the impact of EGFR mutations in situ on EGFR-TKIs sensitivity. The third-generation EGFR-TKIs inhibit both EGFR-sensitive mutations and T790M mutations. The emergence of novel mutations such as EGFR-C797S and EGFR-L718Q may decrease efficacy. Searching for new targets to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance becomes a key challenge. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of EGFR is essential to find novel targets to overcome drug-resistant mutations in EGFR-TKIs. EGFR, as a receptor-type tyrosine kinase, undergoes homo/heterodimerization and autophosphorylation upon binding to ligands, which activates multiple downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that the kinase activity of EGFR is affected not only by phosphorylation but also by various post-translational modifications (PTMs, such as S-palmitoylation, S-nitrosylation, Methylation, etc.). In this review, we systematically review the effects of different protein PTMs on EGFR kinase activity and its functionality and suggest that influencing EGFR kinase activity by modulating multiple EGFR sites are potential targets to overcome EGFR-TKIs resistance mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meiyu Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hangyang Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yana Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingyu Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Barkat
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Ullo MF, Case LB. How cells sense and integrate information from different sources. WIREs Mech Dis 2023:e1604. [PMID: 36781396 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling is a fundamental cellular process that enables cells to sense and respond to information in their surroundings. At the molecular level, signaling is primarily carried out by transmembrane protein receptors that can initiate complex downstream signal transduction cascades to alter cellular behavior. In the human body, different cells can be exposed to a wide variety of environmental conditions, and cells express diverse classes of receptors capable of sensing and integrating different signals. Furthermore, different receptors and signaling pathways can crosstalk with each other to calibrate the cellular response. Crosstalk occurs through multiple mechanisms at different levels of signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss how cells sense and integrate different chemical, mechanical, and spatial signals as well as the mechanisms of crosstalk between pathways. To illustrate these concepts, we use a few well-studied signaling pathways, including receptor tyrosine kinases and integrin receptors. Finally, we discuss the implications of dysregulated cellular sensing on driving diseases such as cancer. This article is categorized under: Cancer > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Metabolic Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F Ullo
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsay B Case
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Bai X, Sun P, Wang X, Long C, Liao S, Dang S, Zhuang S, Du Y, Zhang X, Li N, He K, Zhang Z. Structure and dynamics of the EGFR/HER2 heterodimer. Cell Discov 2023; 9:18. [PMID: 36781849 PMCID: PMC9925823 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2 belongs to the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase family. Its overexpression or hyperactivation is a leading cause for multiple types of cancers. HER2 functions mainly through dimerization with other family members, such as EGFR. However, the molecular details for heterodimer assembly have not been completely understood. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of the EGF- and epiregulin-bound EGFR/HER2 ectodomain complexes at resolutions of 3.3 Å and 4.5 Å, respectively. Together with the functional analyses, we demonstrate that only the dimerization arm of HER2, but not that of EGFR, is essential for their heterodimer formation and signal transduction. Moreover, we analyze the differential membrane dynamics and transient interactions of endogenous EGFR and HER2 molecules in genome-edited cells using single-molecule live-cell imaging. Furthermore, we show that the interaction with HER2 could allow EGFR to resist endocytosis. Together, this work deepens our understanding of the unique structural properties and dynamics of the EGFR/HER2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changkun Long
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liao
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Song Dang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shangshang Zhuang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongtao Du
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kangmin He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Mir SA, Muhammad A, Padhiary A, Ekka NJ, Baitharu I, Naik PK, Nayak B. Identification of potent EGFR-TKD inhibitors from NPACT database through combined computational approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12063-12076. [PMID: 36695102 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2171133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second leading cause of death, and there are no approved herbal therapies. The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) receptor is a transmembrane protein with eight domains that is found in almost every cancer type and plays an important role in abnormal cell cellular function and causes malignant outcomes. The current study aimed to virtually screen phytochemicals from the NPACT database against EGFR-TKD and also to identify potential inhibitors of this transmembrane protein among plant candidates for anticancer drug development. The docking scores of the chosen phytochemicals were compared with the control (erlotinib). Kurarinone, (2S)-2-methoxykurarnione, and Sophoraflavanone-G exhibited a stronger binding affinity of -18.102 kcal/mol, -14.243 kcal/mol, and -13.759 kcal/mol than erlotinib -12.783 kcal/mol. Moreover, several online search engines were used to predict ADME and toxicity. The drug-likeness of selected phytochemicals was higher than the reference (erlotinib). A 100 ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was also applied to the docked conformations to examine the stability and molecular mechanics of protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, the calculated molecular mechanics Poisson Boltzmann surface area energy of (2S)-2-methoxykurarnione was found to be -129.555 ± 0.512 kJ/mol, which approximately corresponds to the free energy of the reference molecule -130.595 ± 0.908 kJ/mol. We identify phytoconstituents present in Sophora flavescens from the NPACT database, providing key insights into tyrosine kinase inhibition and may serve as better chemotherapeutic agents. Experimental validation is required to determine the anti-EGFR potency of the potent lead molecules discussed in this study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showkat Ahmad Mir
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Auwal Muhammad
- Department of Physics, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
| | - Archana Padhiary
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Nirius Jenen Ekka
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Iswar Baitharu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Naik
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Binata Nayak
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
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23
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Ghadaksaz A, Imani Fooladi AA, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini H, Nejad Satari T, Amin M. Targeting the EGFR in cancer cells by fusion protein consisting of arazyme and third loop of TGF-alpha: an in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11744-11757. [PMID: 34379041 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1963318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer effects of arazyme, a bacterial metalloprotease, have been revealed in previous studies. Because of the overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in tumor cells, targeting this receptor is one of the approaches to cancer therapy. In the present study, we designed fusion protein by using a non-mitogenic binding sequence of TGFα, arazyme, and a suitable linker. The I-TASSER and Robetta web servers were employed to predict the territory structures of the Arazyme-linker-TGFαL3, and TGFαL3-linker-Arazyme. Then, models were validated by using PROCHECK, ERRAT, ProSA, and MolProbity web servers. After docking to EGFR, Arazyme-linker-TGFαL3 showed a higher binding affinity and was selected to be optimized through 100 ns Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Next, the stability of ligand-bound receptor was examined utilizing MD simulation for 100 ns. Furthermore, the binding free energy calculation and free energy decomposition were carried out employing MM-PBSA and MM-GBSA methods, respectively. The root mean square deviation and fluctuation (RMSD, RMSF), the radius of gyration, H-bond, and binding free energy analysis revealed the stability of the complex during simulation time. Finally, linear and conformational epitopes of B cells, as well as MHC class I and MHC class II were predicted by using different web servers. Meanwhile, the potential B cell and T cell epitopes were identified throughout arazyme protein sequence. Collectively, this study suggests a novel chimera protein candidate prevent cancer cells potentially by inducing an immune response and inhibiting cell proliferation. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolamir Ghadaksaz
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Nejad Satari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Amin
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, and The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Adnan M, Siddiqui AJ, Noumi E, Hannachi S, Ashraf SA, Awadelkareem AM, Snoussi M, Badraoui R, Bardakci F, Sachidanandan M, Patel M, Patel M. Integrating Network Pharmacology Approaches to Decipher the Multi-Target Pharmacological Mechanism of Microbial Biosurfactants as Novel Green Antimicrobials against Listeriosis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:5. [PMID: 36671206 PMCID: PMC9854906 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a serious food-borne pathogen that can cause listeriosis, an illness caused by eating food contaminated with this pathogen. Currently, the treatment or prevention of listeriosis is a global challenge due to the resistance of bacteria against multiple commonly used antibiotics, thus necessitating the development of novel green antimicrobials. Scientists are increasingly interested in microbial surfactants, commonly known as "biosurfactants", due to their antimicrobial properties and eco-friendly nature, which make them an ideal candidate to combat a variety of bacterial infections. Therefore, the present study was designed to use a network pharmacology approach to uncover the active biosurfactants and their potential targets, as well as the signaling pathway(s) involved in listeriosis treatment. In the framework of this study, 15 biosurfactants were screened out for subsequent studies. Among 546 putative targets of biosurfactants and 244 targets of disease, 37 targets were identified as potential targets for treatment of L. monocytogenes infection, and these 37 targets were significantly enriched in a Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, which aims to identify those biological processes, cellular locations, and molecular functions that are impacted in the condition studied. The obtained results revealed several important biological processes, such as positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, protein kinase B signaling, ERK1 and ERK2 cascade, ERBB signaling pathway, positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and regulation of caveolin-mediated endocytosis. Several important KEGG pathways, such as the ERBBB signaling pathway, TH17 cell differentiation, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Yersinia infection, Shigellosis, and C-type lectin receptor signaling pathways, were identified. The protein-protein interaction analysis yielded 10 core targets (IL2, MAPK1, EGFR, PTPRC, TNF, ITGB1, IL1B, ERBB2, SRC, and mTOR). Molecular docking was used in the latter part of the study to verify the effectiveness of the active biosurfactants against the potential targets. Lastly, we found that a few highly active biosurfactants, namely lichenysin, iturin, surfactin, rhamnolipid, subtilisin, and polymyxin, had high binding affinities towards IL2, MAPK1, EGFR, PTPRC, TNF, ITGB1, IL1B, ERBB2, SRC, and mTOR, which may act as potential therapeutic targets for listeriosis. Overall, based on the integrated network pharmacology and docking analysis, we found that biosurfactants possess promising anti-listeriosis properties and explored the pharmacological mechanisms behind their effect, laying the groundwork for further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emira Noumi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Hannachi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirav Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
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25
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Jia T, Miao R, Lin J, Zhang C, Zeng L, Zhang J, Shao J, Pan Z, Wang H, Zhu H, Cheng W. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel tumor hypoxia-activated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106138. [PMID: 36115310 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is widespread in solid tumors, such as NSCLC, and has become a very attractive target. On the basis of AZD9291 scaffold, novel hypoxia-targeted EGFR inhibitors without the acrylamide warhead but containing hypoxic reductive activation groups were described. Among them, compound JT21 exhibited impressive inhibitory activity (IC50 = 23 nM) against EGFRL858R/T790M and displayed about 21-fold inhibitory activity decrease against EGFRwt. Under hypoxia, JT21 exhibited more significant proliferation inhibitory activities against H1975 cells (IC50 = 7.39 ± 2.20 nM) and HCC827 cells (IC50 = 5.88 ± 0.85 nM) than that of AZD9291, which was about 5 times more effective than normoxia activities. Meanwhile, the weak inhibition effects on A549 and BEAS-2B cells suggested JT21 might be a selective inhibitor for EGFR mutations with low toxicity. Furthermore, JT21 could induce apoptosis of H1975 cells under hypoxia and showed good bio-reductive property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jia
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Ruoyang Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jiaohua Lin
- Zhejiang Yongtai Technology Co. Ltd, Taizhou 317016, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zongfu Pan
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Huajian Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Weiyan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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26
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Swiatnicki MR, Rennhack JP, Ortiz MMO, Hollern DP, Perry AV, Kubiak R, Riveria Riveria SM, O’Reilly S, Andrechek ER. Elevated phosphorylation of EGFR in NSCLC due to mutations in PTPRH. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010362. [PMID: 36054194 PMCID: PMC9477422 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of EGFR in lung cancer is well described with numerous activating mutations that result in phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR. While the role of the EGFR kinase in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is appreciated, control of EGFR signaling pathways through dephosphorylation by phosphatases is not as clear. Through whole genome sequencing we have uncovered conserved V483M Ptprh mutations in PyMT induced tumors. Profiling the downstream events of Ptprh mutant tumors revealed AKT activation, suggesting a key target of PTPRH was EGFR tyrosine 1197. Given the role of EGFR in lung cancer, we explored TCGA data which revealed that a subset of PTPRH mutant tumors shared gene expression profiles with EGFR mutant tumors, but that EGFR mutations and PTPRH mutations were mutually exclusive. Generation of a PTPRH knockout NSCLC cell line resulted in Y1197 phosphorylation of EGFR, and a rescue with expression of wild type PTPRH returned EGFR phosphorylation to parental line values while rescue with catalytically dead PTPRH did not. A dose response curve illustrated that two human NSCLC lines with naturally occurring PTPRH mutations responded to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibition. Osimertinib treatment of these tumors resulted in a reduction of tumor volume relative to vehicle controls. PTPRH mutation resulted in nuclear pEGFR as seen in immunohistochemistry, suggesting that there may also be a role for EGFR as a transcriptional co-factor. Together these data suggest mutations in PTPRH in NSCLC is inhibitory to PTPRH function, resulting in aberrant EGFR activity and ultimately may result in clinically actionable alterations using existing therapies. One of the major genetic causes of lung cancer is EGFR activity. Traditionally this is caused by mutations in the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase resulting in unchecked activity, which ultimately results in lung cancer. A series of tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been developed that treat these EGFR positive lung cancers, with remarkable efficacy. Here we describe work from a mouse model that revealed mutations in PTPRH, a phosphatase that we show dephosphorylates EGFR. We show that mutation or loss of wild type PTPRH results in elevated EGFR activity. Searching for similar mutations in human lung cancer revealed that 5% of all lung cancers had PTPRH mutations. Since activation of EGFR by mutation and loss of PTPRH function would be redundant, we tested and demonstrated that these events only occurred separately. Patient data revealed that a subset of PTPRH mutant lung cancer did have elevated EGFR activity. Testing two tumor lines from patients with naturally occurring PTPRH mutations revealed a sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors. The broad implications of this work are that there are a large number of lung cancer patients with PTPRH mutations that could potentially benefit from a revised treatment based on sequencing. Currently the PTPTRH mutations are not detected and these patients are treated with chemotherapy as a standard of care while they could potentially be more effectively treated with EGFR inhibitors. The ability to use EGFR inhibitors in PTPRH mutant lung cancers is a new area for investigation and is the primary impact of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Swiatnicki
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jonathan P. Rennhack
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mylena M. O. Ortiz
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Ashlee V. Perry
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rachel Kubiak
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | | | - Sandra O’Reilly
- Research Technology Support Facility, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Eran R. Andrechek
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) system has allowed chemists, biologists, and clinicians to improve our understanding of cell production and cancer therapy. The discovery of EGF led to the recognition of cell surface receptors capable of controlling the proliferation and survival of cells. The detailed structures of the EGF-like ligand and the responses of their receptors (EGFR-family) has revealed the conformational and aggregation changes whereby ligands activate the intracellular kinase domains. Biophysical analysis has revealed the preformed clustering of different EGFR-family members and the processes which occur on ligand binding. Understanding these receptor activation processes and the consequential cytoplasmic signaling has allowed the development of inhibitors which are revolutionizing cancer therapy. This Review describes the recent progress in our understanding of the activation of the EGFR-family, the effects of signaling from the EGFR-family on cell proliferation, and the targeting of the EGFR-family in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony W Burgess
- Honorary Laboratory Head, Personalized Oncology Division, WEHI, Parkville3050, Australia.,Professor Emeritus, Departments of Medical Biology and Surgery (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne3052, Australia.,The Brain Cancer Centre at WEHI, Parkville3052, Australia
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28
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Challenges for the application of EGFR-targeting peptide GE11 in tumor diagnosis and treatment. J Control Release 2022; 349:592-605. [PMID: 35872181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal regulation of cell signaling pathways on cell survival, proliferation and migration contributes to the development of malignant tumors. Among them, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the most important biomarkers in many types of malignant solid tumors. Its over-expression and mutation status can be served as a biomarker to identify patients who can be benifit from EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and anti-EGFR monocloncal antibody (mAb) therapy. For decades, researches on EGFR targeted ligands were actively carried out to identify potent candidates for cancer therapy. An ideal EGFR ligand can competitively inhibit the binding of endogenous growth factor, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α) to EGFR, thus block EGFR signaling pathway and downregulate EGFR expression. Alternatively, conjugation of EGFR ligands on drug delivery systems (DDS) can facilitate targeting delivery of therapeutics or diagnostic agents to EGFR over-expression tumors via EGFR-mediated endocytosis. GE11 peptide is one of the potent EGFR ligand screened from a phage display peptide library. It is a dodecapeptide that can specifically binds to EGFR with high affinity and selectivity. GE11 has been widely used in the diagnosis and targeted delivery of drugs for radiotherapy, genetherapy and chemotherpy against EGFR positive tumors. In this review, the critical factors affecting the in vivo and in vitro targeting performance of GE11 peptide, including ligand-receptor intermolecular force, linker bond properties and physiochemical properties of carrier materials, are detailedly interpreted. This review provides a valuable vision for the rational design and optimization of GE11-based active targeting strategies for cancer treatment, and it will promote the translation studies of GE11 from lab research to clinical application.
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29
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Xie J, Chen R, Wang Q, Mao H. Exploration and validation of Taraxacum mongolicum anti-cancer effect. Comput Biol Med 2022; 148:105819. [PMID: 35810695 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Taraxacum mongolicum gained a lot of concern and was applied in 93 formulas in China due to its fame as a traditional Chinese medicine. The earliest recorded application of Taraxacum mongolicum was traced back to the Han dynasty. Generations of doctors boosted the usage and enriched the pharmacological mechanism. Clinical application of the Taraxacum mongolicum is flourishing as it treats multiple diseases. This study aims to explore the anti-cancer effect, retrieve the active ingredients and screen the key targets of Taraxacum mongolicum in cancer therapy. We collected and evaluated 10 key active compounds to investigate the anti-cancer effect via 69 significant targets and a variety of biological processes and pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis uncovered targets associated with protein phosphorylation, cell proliferation and apoptotic processes via regulation of kinases, ATP and enzyme binding activities. Half of the top 20 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were directly involved in cancer. Based on standard selection criteria, seven hub targets were obtained. These targets functioned through distinct patterns and pathways in realizing the anti-cancer effect. Molecular docking was conducted to validate the potential combination between compounds and hub targets to explore the pharmacological mechanism of key compounds in Taraxacum mongolicum against cancer. In summary, our findings indicate that the famous and widely used Chinese herb, Taraxacum mongolicum, shows good anti-cancer effect through its active compounds, targeted genes, and multiple involved biological processes. The results may provide a theoretical basis for subsequent experimental validation and drug development of Taraxacum mongolicum extract against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumin Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Ruxi Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Renal Disease Occurrence and Intervention, Medical School, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, 435003, PR China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- Medical College of YiChun University, Xuefu Road No 576, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, PR China.
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, Hubei, 435000, PR China.
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30
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Yang L, Bhattacharya A, Li Y, Sexton S, Ling X, Li F, Zhang Y. Depleting receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and HER2 overcomes resistance to EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:184. [PMID: 35650607 PMCID: PMC9161494 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, including cetuximab and panitumumab, are valuable therapeutics for colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance to these inhibitors is common. The reason for such resistance is not well understood, which hampers development of better therapeutic strategies. Although activating mutations in KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA are considered major drivers of CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors, therapeutic targeting of these drug resistance drivers has not produced substantial clinical benefit. METHODS We exploited cell lines and mouse tumor models (cell line xenografts and patient derived xenografts) for experiments of genetic and pharmacologic depletion of EGFR and/or its family member HER2, including EGFR mutants, inhibition of EGFR ligand shedding, and biochemical analysis of signaling proteins, to delineate the mechanism of CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors and to assess the therapeutic activity of PEPDG278D, which is a recombinant human protein that induces the degradation of both EGFR and HER2. RESULTS The sensitivity of CRC cells to cetuximab and panitumumab correlates with the ability of these drugs to induce EGFR downregulation. PEPDG278D strongly inhibits oncogenic signaling and growth of CRC cells by causing profound depletion of EGFR and HER2, regardless of activating mutations of KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA. siRNA knockdown of EGFR or HER2 also inhibits CRC cells resistant to EGFR inhibitors. Tumors harboring mutated KRAS, BRAF and/or PIK3CA also overexpress EGFR ligands, further suggesting that EGFR signaling remains important to the tumors. While excessive tumor-generated high-affinity EGFR ligands block target engagement by PEPDG278D, aderbasib, an inhibitor of ADAM10 and ADAM17, enables PEPDG278D to exert strong antitumor activity by inhibiting ligand shedding. Moreover, adding fluorouracil, which is commonly used in CRC treatment, to the combination of PEPDG278D and aderbasib further enhances tumor inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that CRC resistance to EGFR inhibitors results primarily from the inability of the inhibitors to downregulate their target and that a PEPDG278D-based combination treatment overcomes the resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Arup Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Sandra Sexton
- Department of Animal Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Xiang Ling
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Fengzhi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA
| | - Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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31
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Wollman AJM, Fournier C, Llorente-Garcia I, Harriman O, Payne-Dwyer AL, Shashkova S, Zhou P, Liu TC, Ouaret D, Wilding J, Kusumi A, Bodmer W, Leake MC. Critical roles for EGFR and EGFR-HER2 clusters in EGF binding of SW620 human carcinoma cells. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220088. [PMID: 35612280 PMCID: PMC9131850 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signalling regulates normal epithelial and other cell growth, with EGF receptor (EGFR) overexpression reported in many cancers. However, the role of EGFR clusters in cancer and their dependence on EGF binding is unclear. We present novel single-molecule total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy of (i) EGF and EGFR in living cancer cells, (ii) the action of anti-cancer drugs that separately target EGFR and human EGFR2 (HER2) on these cells and (iii) EGFR–HER2 interactions. We selected human epithelial SW620 carcinoma cells for their low level of native EGFR expression, for stable transfection with fluorescent protein labelled EGFR, and imaged these using single-molecule localization microscopy to quantify receptor architectures and dynamics upon EGF binding. Prior to EGF binding, we observe pre-formed EGFR clusters. Unexpectedly, clusters likely contain both EGFR and HER2, consistent with co-diffusion of EGFR and HER2 observed in a different model CHO-K1 cell line, whose stoichiometry increases following EGF binding. We observe a mean EGFR : EGF stoichiometry of approximately 4 : 1 for plasma membrane-colocalized EGFR–EGF that we can explain using novel time-dependent kinetics modelling, indicating preferential ligand binding to monomers. Our results may inform future cancer drug developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J M Wollman
- Department of Physics, University of York, York, UK.,Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Charlotte Fournier
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.,Science and Technology Group, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST), 1919 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | | | - Oliver Harriman
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK
| | | | | | - Peng Zhou
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, OIST, 1919 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Ta-Chun Liu
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Djamila Ouaret
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jenny Wilding
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Akihiro Kusumi
- Membrane Cooperativity Unit, OIST, 1919 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Walter Bodmer
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mark C Leake
- Department of Physics, University of York, York, UK.,Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK.,Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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32
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Kemmer S, Berdiel-Acer M, Reinz E, Sonntag J, Tarade N, Bernhardt S, Fehling-Kaschek M, Hasmann M, Korf U, Wiemann S, Timmer J. Disentangling ERBB Signaling in Breast Cancer Subtypes-A Model-Based Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2379. [PMID: 35625984 PMCID: PMC9139462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies have shown striking success in the treatment of cancer over the last years. However, their specific effects on an individual tumor appear to be varying and difficult to predict. Using an integrative modeling approach that combines mechanistic and regression modeling, we gained insights into the response mechanisms of breast cancer cells due to different ligand-drug combinations. The multi-pathway model, capturing ERBB receptor signaling as well as downstream MAPK and PI3K pathways was calibrated on time-resolved data of the luminal breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and T47D across an array of four ligands and five drugs. The same model was then successfully applied to triple negative and HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, requiring adjustments mostly for the respective receptor compositions within these cell lines. The additional relevance of cell-line-specific mutations in the MAPK and PI3K pathway components was identified via L1 regularization, where the impact of these mutations on pathway activation was uncovered. Finally, we predicted and experimentally validated the proliferation response of cells to drug co-treatments. We developed a unified mathematical model that can describe the ERBB receptor and downstream signaling in response to therapeutic drugs targeting this clinically relevant signaling network in cell line that represent three major subtypes of breast cancer. Our data and model suggest that alterations in this network could render anti-HER therapies relevant beyond the HER2-positive subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Kemmer
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mireia Berdiel-Acer
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Eileen Reinz
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Johanna Sonntag
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Nooraldeen Tarade
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Bernhardt
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Mirjam Fehling-Kaschek
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Korf
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (M.B.-A.); (E.R.); (J.S.); (N.T.); (S.B.); (U.K.)
| | - Jens Timmer
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; (S.K.); (M.F.-K.)
- FDM—Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modeling, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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33
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Trenker R, Diwanji D, Verba KA, Jura N. An effective strategy for ligand-mediated pulldown of the HER2/HER3/NRG1β heterocomplex and cryo-EM structure determination at low sample concentrations. Methods Enzymol 2022; 667:633-662. [PMID: 35525557 PMCID: PMC9288110 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining high-resolution structures of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases that visualize extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular kinase regions simultaneously is an eagerly pursued but still unmet challenge of structural biology. The Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3 (HER3) that has a catalytically inactive kinase domain (pseudokinase) forms a potent signaling complex upon binding of growth factor neuregulin 1β (NRG1β) and upon dimerization with a close homolog, the HER2 receptor. The HER2/HER3/NRG1β complex is often referred to as an oncogenic driver in breast cancer and is an attractive target for anti-cancer therapies. After overcoming significant hurdles in isolating sufficient amounts of the HER2/HER3/NRG1β complex for structural studies by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we recently obtained the first high-resolution structures of the extracellular portion of this complex. Here we describe a step-by-step protocol for obtaining a stable and homogenous HER2/HER3/NRG1β complex for structural studies and our recommendation for collecting and processing cryo-EM data for this sample. We also show improved EM density for the transmembrane and kinase domains of the receptors, which continue to evade structural determination at high resolution. The discussed strategies are tunable and applicable to other membrane receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Trenker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Devan Diwanji
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kliment A Verba
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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34
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Cao L, Coventry B, Goreshnik I, Huang B, Sheffler W, Park JS, Jude KM, Marković I, Kadam RU, Verschueren KHG, Verstraete K, Walsh STR, Bennett N, Phal A, Yang A, Kozodoy L, DeWitt M, Picton L, Miller L, Strauch EM, DeBouver ND, Pires A, Bera AK, Halabiya S, Hammerson B, Yang W, Bernard S, Stewart L, Wilson IA, Ruohola-Baker H, Schlessinger J, Lee S, Savvides SN, Garcia KC, Baker D. Design of protein-binding proteins from the target structure alone. Nature 2022; 605:551-560. [PMID: 35332283 PMCID: PMC9117152 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The design of proteins that bind to a specific site on the surface of a target protein using no information other than the three-dimensional structure of the target remains a challenge1-5. Here we describe a general solution to this problem that starts with a broad exploration of the vast space of possible binding modes to a selected region of a protein surface, and then intensifies the search in the vicinity of the most promising binding modes. We demonstrate the broad applicability of this approach through the de novo design of binding proteins to 12 diverse protein targets with different shapes and surface properties. Biophysical characterization shows that the binders, which are all smaller than 65 amino acids, are hyperstable and, following experimental optimization, bind their targets with nanomolar to picomolar affinities. We succeeded in solving crystal structures of five of the binder-target complexes, and all five closely match the corresponding computational design models. Experimental data on nearly half a million computational designs and hundreds of thousands of point mutants provide detailed feedback on the strengths and limitations of the method and of our current understanding of protein-protein interactions, and should guide improvements of both. Our approach enables the targeted design of binders to sites of interest on a wide variety of proteins for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxing Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian Coventry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular Engineering Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Inna Goreshnik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Buwei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - William Sheffler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joon Sung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Iva Marković
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rameshwar U Kadam
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Koen H G Verschueren
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kenneth Verstraete
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Scott Thomas Russell Walsh
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
- J.A.M.E.S. Farm, Clarksville, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Bennett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular Engineering Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ashish Phal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aerin Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Kozodoy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michelle DeWitt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lora Picton
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lauren Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eva-Maria Strauch
- Deptartment of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas D DeBouver
- UCB Pharma, Bainbridge Island, WA, USA
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison Pires
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID), Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children's Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asim K Bera
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Samer Halabiya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bradley Hammerson
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID), Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steffen Bernard
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lance Stewart
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hannele Ruohola-Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph Schlessinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sangwon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Savvas N Savvides
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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35
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Lu HL, Jie GL, Wu YL. Epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: A review of phase II and III trials. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2022; 27:111-126. [PMID: 35385682 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2022.2063836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION EGFR is one of the most common driver gene mutations in lung cancer. EGFR-TKI monotherapy and EGFR-TKI combined with chemotherapy or anti-angiogenesis drugs have significantly prolonged the survival of patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC. However, disease progression caused by acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is inevitable. And patients with EGFR exon 20ins showed limited efficacy to EGFR-TKIs. AREAS COVERED In this review, we initially evaluated the efficacy of existing treatments for EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Second, we reviewed the ongoing phase II and III clinical trials, provide the latest results, discuss the scientific rationale of these trials and the potential development issues. EXPERT OPINION The application of EGFR-TKIs has greatly changed the therapeutic strategies for advanced and resected NSCLC with EGFR mutations, and the 5-year OS rate for advanced NSCLC was close to 40%. The current research direction for the treatment of patients with EGFR mutations focuses on the following three aspects: uncommon EGFR mutation subtypes NSCLC, brain metastases, and EGFR TKI-based combination therapy. Future studies on EGFR-mutant NSCLC therapy will focus on overcoming EGFR-TKI-related resistance, preventing drug resistance in advance, and developing bispecific antibody drugs. ADCs may be the promising strategy for patients with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lian Lu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guang-Ling Jie
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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36
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Ferreira AS, Lopacinski A, Batista M, Hiraiwa PM, Guimarães BG, Zanchin NIT. A toolkit for recombinant production of seven human EGF family growth factors in active conformation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5034. [PMID: 35322149 PMCID: PMC8943033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factors (EGF) play a wide range of roles in embryogenesis, skin development, immune response homeostasis. They are involved in several pathologies as well, including several cancer types, psoriasis, chronic pain and chronic kidney disease. All members share the structural EGF domain, which is responsible for receptor interaction, thereby initiating transduction of signals. EGF growth factors have intense use in fundamental research and high potential for biotechnological applications. However, due to their structural organization with three disulfide bonds, recombinant production of these factors in prokaryotic systems is not straightforward. A significant fraction usually forms inclusion bodies. For the fraction remaining soluble, misfolding and incomplete disulfide bond formation may affect the amount of active factor in solution, which can compromise experimental conclusions and biotechnological applications. In this work, we describe a reliable procedure to produce seven human growth factors of the EGF family in Escherichia coli. Biophysical and stability analyses using limited proteolysis, light scattering, circular dichroism and nanoDSF show that the recombinant factors present folded and stable conformation. Cell proliferation and scratch healing assays confirmed that the recombinant factors are highly active at concentrations as low as 5 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Schveitzer Ferreira
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Amanda Lopacinski
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Michel Batista
- Mass Spectrometry Facility RPT02H, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Priscila Mazzocchi Hiraiwa
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Gomes Guimarães
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin
- Laboratory of Structural Biology and Protein Engineering, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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37
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Tan L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Shuai W, Wang G, Chen J, Wang C, Ouyang L, Li W. Development of Dual Inhibitors Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2022; 65:5149-5183. [PMID: 35311289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is of great significance in mediating cell signaling transduction and tumor behaviors. Currently, third-generation inhibitors of EGFR, especially osimertinib, are at the clinical frontier for the treatment of EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Regrettably, the rapidly developing drug resistance caused by EGFR mutations and the compensatory mechanism have largely limited their clinical efficacy. Given the synergistic effect between EGFR and other compensatory targets during tumorigenesis and tumor development, EGFR dual-target inhibitors are promising for their reduced risk of drug resistance, higher efficacy, lower dosage, and fewer adverse events than those of single-target inhibitors. Hence, we present the synergistic mechanism underlying the role of EGFR dual-target inhibitors against drug resistance, their structure-activity relationships, and their therapeutic potential. Most importantly, we emphasize the optimal target combinations and design strategies for EGFR dual-target inhibitors and provide some perspectives on new challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Xiye Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Shuai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China.,Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
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It Takes More than Two to Tango: Complex, Hierarchal, and Membrane-Modulated Interactions in the Regulation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040944. [PMID: 35205690 PMCID: PMC8869822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for an understanding of how cell fate and motility are regulated is not a purely scientific undertaking, but it can also lead to rationally designed therapies against cancer. The discovery of tyrosine kinases about half a century ago, the subsequent characterization of certain transmembrane receptors harboring tyrosine kinase activity, and their connection to the development of human cancer ushered in a new age with the hope of finding a treatment for malignant diseases in the foreseeable future. However, painstaking efforts were required to uncover the principles of how these receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity are regulated. Developments in molecular and structural biology and biophysical approaches paved the way towards better understanding of these pathways. Discoveries in the past twenty years first resulted in the formulation of textbook dogmas, such as dimerization-driven receptor association, which were followed by fine-tuning the model. In this review, the role of molecular interactions taking place during the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, with special attention to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, will be discussed. The fact that these receptors are anchored in the membrane provides ample opportunities for modulatory lipid-protein interactions that will be considered in detail in the second part of the manuscript. Although qualitative and quantitative alterations in lipids in cancer are not sufficient in their own right to drive the malignant transformation, they both contribute to tumor formation and also provide ways to treat cancer. The review will be concluded with a summary of these medical aspects of lipid-protein interactions.
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39
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Glioblastoma mutations alter EGFR dimer structure to prevent ligand bias. Nature 2022; 602:518-522. [PMID: 35140400 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently mutated in human cancer1,2, and is an important therapeutic target. EGFR inhibitors have been successful in lung cancer, where mutations in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain activate the receptor1, but not in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)3, where mutations occur exclusively in the extracellular region. Here we show that common extracellular GBM mutations prevent EGFR from discriminating between its activating ligands4. Different growth factor ligands stabilize distinct EGFR dimer structures5 that signal with different kinetics to specify or bias outcome5,6. EGF itself induces strong symmetric dimers that signal transiently to promote proliferation. Epiregulin (EREG) induces much weaker asymmetric dimers that drive sustained signalling and differentiation5. GBM mutations reduce the ability of EGFR to distinguish EREG from EGF in cellular assays, and allow EGFR to form strong (EGF-like) dimers in response to EREG and other low-affinity ligands. Using X-ray crystallography, we further show that the R84K GBM mutation symmetrizes EREG-driven extracellular dimers so that they resemble dimers normally seen with EGF. By contrast, a second GBM mutation, A265V, remodels key dimerization contacts to strengthen asymmetric EREG-driven dimers. Our results argue for an important role of altered ligand discrimination by EGFR in GBM, with potential implications for therapeutic targeting.
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40
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Martin-Fernandez ML. Fluorescence Imaging of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030686. [PMID: 35158954 PMCID: PMC8833717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with a low (<21%) 5-year survival rate. Lung cancer is often driven by the misfunction of molecules on the surface of cells of the epithelium, which orchestrate mechanisms by which these cells grow and proliferate. Beyond common non-specific treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy, among molecular-specific treatments, a number of small-molecule drugs that block cancer-driven molecular activity have been developed. These drugs initially have significant success in a subset of patients, but these patients systematically develop resistance within approximately one year of therapy. Substantial efforts towards understanding the mechanisms of resistance have focused on the genomics of cancer progression, the response of cells to the drugs, and the cellular changes that allow resistance to develop. Fluorescence microscopy of many flavours has significantly contributed to the last two areas, and is the subject of this review. Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a complex disease often driven by activating mutations or amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, which expresses a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. Targeted anti-EGFR treatments include small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), among which gefitinib and erlotinib are the best studied, and their function more often imaged. TKIs block EGFR activation, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells addicted to EGFR signals. It is not understood why TKIs do not work in tumours driven by EGFR overexpression but do so in tumours bearing classical activating EGFR mutations, although the latter develop resistance in about one year. Fluorescence imaging played a crucial part in research efforts to understand pro-survival mechanisms, including the dysregulation of autophagy and endocytosis, by which cells overcome the intendedly lethal TKI-induced EGFR signalling block. At their core, pro-survival mechanisms are facilitated by TKI-induced changes in the function and conformation of EGFR and its interactors. This review brings together some of the main advances from fluorescence imaging in investigating TKI function and places them in the broader context of the TKI resistance field, highlighting some paradoxes and suggesting some areas where super-resolution and other emerging methods could make a further contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa L Martin-Fernandez
- Central Laser Facility, Science & Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
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41
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Ulfo L, Costantini PE, Di Giosia M, Danielli A, Calvaresi M. EGFR-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:241. [PMID: 35213974 PMCID: PMC8879084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and metastatization of cancer cells. Aberrancies in the expression and activation of EGFR are hallmarks of many human malignancies. As such, EGFR-targeted therapies hold significant potential for the cure of cancers. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained increased interest as a non-invasive cancer treatment. In PDT, a photosensitizer is excited by light to produce reactive oxygen species, resulting in local cytotoxicity. One of the critical aspects of PDT is to selectively transport enough photosensitizers to the tumors environment. Accordingly, an increasing number of strategies have been devised to foster EGFR-targeted PDT. Herein, we review the recent nanobiotechnological advancements that combine the promise of PDT with EGFR-targeted molecular cancer therapy. We recapitulate the chemistry of the sensitizers and their modes of action in PDT, and summarize the advantages and pitfalls of different targeting moieties, highlighting future perspectives for EGFR-targeted photodynamic treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ulfo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Costantini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
| | - Matteo Di Giosia
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alberto Danielli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (L.U.); (P.E.C.)
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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42
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Purba ER, Saita EI, Akhouri RR, Öfverstedt LG, Wilken G, Skoglund U, Maruyama IN. Allosteric activation of preformed EGF receptor dimers by a single ligand binding event. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1042787. [PMID: 36531494 PMCID: PMC9748436 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1042787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by mutations has been implicated in a variety of human cancers. Elucidation of the structure of the full-length receptor is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its activation. Unlike previously anticipated, here, we report that purified full-length EGFR adopts a homodimeric form in vitro before and after ligand binding. Cryo-electron tomography analysis of the purified receptor also showed that the extracellular domains of the receptor dimer, which are conformationally flexible before activation, are stabilized by ligand binding. This conformational flexibility stabilization most likely accompanies rotation of the entire extracellular domain and the transmembrane domain, resulting in dissociation of the intracellular kinase dimer and, thus, rearranging it into an active form. Consistently, mutations of amino acid residues at the interface of the symmetric inactive kinase dimer spontaneously activate the receptor in vivo. Optical observation also indicated that binding of only one ligand activates the receptor dimer on the cell surface. Our results suggest how oncogenic mutations spontaneously activate the receptor and shed light on the development of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endang R. Purba
- Information Processing Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ei-ichiro Saita
- Information Processing Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Reetesh R. Akhouri
- Cellular Structural Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Lars-Goran Öfverstedt
- Cellular Structural Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Gunnar Wilken
- Cellular Structural Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ulf Skoglund
- Cellular Structural Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ichiro N. Maruyama
- Information Processing Biology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ichiro N. Maruyama,
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Lucas LM, Dwivedi V, Senfeld JI, Cullum RL, Mill CP, Piazza JT, Bryant IN, Cook LJ, Miller ST, Lott JH, Kelley CM, Knerr EL, Markham JA, Kaufmann DP, Jacobi MA, Shen J, Riese DJ. The Yin and Yang of ERBB4: Tumor Suppressor and Oncoprotein. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:18-47. [PMID: 34987087 PMCID: PMC11060329 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ERBB4 (HER4) is a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, a family that includes the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1), ERBB2 (Neu/HER2), and ERBB3 (HER3). EGFR and ERBB2 are oncoproteins and validated targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of solid tumors. In contrast, the role that ERBB4 plays in human malignancies is ambiguous. Thus, here we review the literature regarding ERBB4 function in human malignancies. We review the mechanisms of ERBB4 signaling with an emphasis on mechanisms of signaling specificity. In the context of this signaling specificity, we discuss the hypothesis that ERBB4 appears to function as a tumor suppressor protein and as an oncoprotein. Next, we review the literature that describes the role of ERBB4 in tumors of the bladder, liver, prostate, brain, colon, stomach, lung, bone, ovary, thyroid, hematopoietic tissues, pancreas, breast, skin, head, and neck. Whenever possible, we discuss the possibility that ERBB4 mutants function as biomarkers in these tumors. Finally, we discuss the potential roles of ERBB4 mutants in the staging of human tumors and how ERBB4 function may dictate the treatment of human tumors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This articles reviews ERBB4 function in the context of the mechanistic model that ERBB4 homodimers function as tumor suppressors, whereas ERBB4-EGFR or ERBB4-ERBB2 heterodimers act as oncogenes. Thus, this review serves as a mechanistic framework for clinicians and scientists to consider the role of ERBB4 and ERBB4 mutants in staging and treating human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Lucas
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Vipasha Dwivedi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jared I Senfeld
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Richard L Cullum
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Christopher P Mill
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - J Tyler Piazza
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Ianthe N Bryant
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Laura J Cook
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - S Tyler Miller
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - James H Lott
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Connor M Kelley
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Elizabeth L Knerr
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jessica A Markham
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David P Kaufmann
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Megan A Jacobi
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
| | - David J Riese
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy (L.M.L., V.D., J.I.S., R.L.C., C.P.M., J.T.P., L.J.C., S.T.M., J.H.L., C.M.K., E.L.K., J.A.M., D.P.K., M.A.J., J.S., D.J.R.), and Department of Chemical Engineering, Samuel Ginn College of Engineering (R.L.C.), Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama; The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (C.P.M.); Office of the Executive Vice President for Research and Partnerships, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (I.N.B.); and Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (D.J.R.)
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Diwanji D, Trenker R, Thaker TM, Wang F, Agard DA, Verba KA, Jura N. Structures of the HER2-HER3-NRG1β complex reveal a dynamic dimer interface. Nature 2021; 600:339-343. [PMID: 34759323 PMCID: PMC9298180 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and HER3 form a potent pro-oncogenic heterocomplex1-3 upon binding of growth factor neuregulin-1β (NRG1β). The mechanism by which HER2 and HER3 interact remains unknown in the absence of any structures of the complex. Here we isolated the NRG1β-bound near full-length HER2-HER3 dimer and, using cryo-electron microscopy, reconstructed the extracellulardomain module, revealing unexpected dynamics at the HER2-HER3 dimerization interface. We show that the dimerization arm of NRG1β-bound HER3 is unresolved because the apo HER2 monomer does not undergo a ligand-induced conformational change needed to establish a HER3 dimerization arm-binding pocket. In a structure of the oncogenic extracellular domain mutant HER2(S310F), we observe a compensatory interaction with the HER3 dimerization arm that stabilizes the dimerization interface. Both HER2-HER3 and HER2(S310F)-HER3 retain the capacity to bind to the HER2-directed therapeutic antibody trastuzumab, but the mutant complex does not bind to pertuzumab. Our structure of the HER2(S310F)-HER3-NRG1β-trastuzumab Fab complex reveals that the receptor dimer undergoes a conformational change to accommodate trastuzumab. Thus, similar to oncogenic mutations, therapeutic agents exploit the intrinsic dynamics of the HER2-HER3 heterodimer. The unique features of a singly liganded HER2-HER3 heterodimer underscore the allosteric sensing of ligand occupancy by the dimerization interface and explain why extracellular domains of HER2 do not homo-associate via a canonical active dimer interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Diwanji
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Raphael Trenker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Tarjani M. Thaker
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David A. Agard
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kliment A. Verba
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to K.A.V. () or N.J. ()
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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45
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Huang Y, Ognjenovic J, Karandur D, Miller K, Merk A, Subramaniam S, Kuriyan J. A molecular mechanism for the generation of ligand-dependent differential outputs by the epidermal growth factor receptor. eLife 2021; 10:73218. [PMID: 34846302 PMCID: PMC8716103 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that couples the binding of extracellular ligands, such as EGF and transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), to the initiation of intracellular signaling pathways. EGFR binds to EGF and TGF-α with similar affinity, but generates different signals from these ligands. To address the mechanistic basis of this phenomenon, we have carried out cryo-EM analyses of human EGFR bound to EGF and TGF-α. We show that the extracellular module adopts an ensemble of dimeric conformations when bound to either EGF or TGF-α. The two extreme states of this ensemble represent distinct ligand-bound quaternary structures in which the membrane-proximal tips of the extracellular module are either juxtaposed or separated. EGF and TGF-α differ in their ability to maintain the conformation with the membrane-proximal tips of the extracellular module separated, and this conformation is stabilized preferentially by an oncogenic EGFR mutation. Close proximity of the transmembrane helices at the junction with the extracellular module has been associated previously with increased EGFR activity. Our results show how EGFR can couple the binding of different ligands to differential modulation of this proximity, thereby suggesting a molecular mechanism for the generation of ligand-sensitive differential outputs in this receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Jana Ognjenovic
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, United States
| | - Deepti Karandur
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Kate Miller
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Alan Merk
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, United States
| | | | - John Kuriyan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Divisions of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
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46
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Yin W, Xu T, Altai M, Oroujeni M, Zhang J, Vorobyeva A, Vorontsova O, Vtorushin SV, Tolmachev V, Gräslund T, Orlova A. The Influence of Domain Permutations of an Albumin-Binding Domain-Fused HER2-Targeting Affibody-Based Drug Conjugate on Tumor Cell Proliferation and Therapy Efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1974. [PMID: 34834389 PMCID: PMC8617914 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a clinically validated target for breast cancer therapy. Previously, a drug-fused HER2-targeting affinity protein construct successfully extended the survival of mice bearing HER2-expressing xenografts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the number and positioning of the protein domains in the drug conjugate. Seven HER2-targeting affibody-based constructs, including one or two affibody molecules (Z) with or without an albumin-binding domain (ABD), namely Z, Z-ABD, ABD-Z, Z-Z, Z-Z-ABD, Z-ABD-Z, and ABD-Z-Z, were evaluated on their effects on cell growth, in vivo targeting, and biodistribution. The biodistribution study demonstrated that the monomeric constructs had longer blood retention and lower hepatic uptake than the dimeric ones. A dimeric construct, specifically ABD-Z-Z, could stimulate the proliferation of HER2 expressing SKOV-3 cells in vitro and the growth of tumors in vivo, whereas the monomeric construct Z-ABD could not. These two constructs demonstrated a therapeutic effect when coupled to mcDM1; however, the effect was more pronounced for the non-stimulating Z-ABD. The median survival of the mice treated with Z-ABD-mcDM1 was 63 days compared to the 37 days for those treated with ABD-Z-Z-mcDM1 or for the control animals. Domain permutation of an ABD-fused HER2-targeting affibody-based drug conjugate significantly influences tumor cell proliferation and therapy efficacy. The monomeric conjugate Z-ABD is the most promising format for targeted delivery of the cytotoxic drug DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Tianqi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Mohamed Altai
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Olga Vorontsova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Sergey V. Vtorushin
- Pathology Department, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- General and Molecular Pathology Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.X.); (M.A.); (M.O.); (A.V.); (O.V.); (V.T.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Pathology Department, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
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Stoup N, Liberelle M, Schulz C, Cavdarli S, Vasseur R, Magnez R, Lahdaoui F, Skrypek N, Peretti F, Frénois F, Thuru X, Melnyk P, Renault N, Jonckheere N, Lebègue N, Van Seuningen I. The EGF Domains of MUC4 Oncomucin Mediate HER2 Binding Affinity and Promote Pancreatic Cancer Cell Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225746. [PMID: 34830899 PMCID: PMC8616066 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A feature of pancreatic cancer (PC) is the frequent overexpression of tyrosine kinase membrane receptor HER2 along with its membrane partner the MUC4 oncomucin in the early stages of the pancreatic carcinogenesis. However, therapeutic approaches targeting HER2 in PC are not efficient. MUC4 could indeed represent an alternative therapeutic strategy to target HER2 signaling pathway, but this approach needs to characterize MUC4/HER2 interaction at the molecular level. In this study, we successfully showed the impact of the EGF domains of MUC4 on HER2 binding affinity and demonstrated their “growth factor-like” biological activities in PC cells. Moreover, homology models of the MUC4EGF/HER2 complexes allowed identification of binding hotspots mediating binding affinity with HER2 and PC cell proliferation. These results allow a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the MUC4/HER2 complex formation and may lead to the design of potential MUC4/HER2 inhibitors. Abstract The HER2 receptor and its MUC4 mucin partner form an oncogenic complex via an extracellular region of MUC4 encompassing three EGF domains that promotes tumor progression of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. However, the molecular mechanism of interaction remains poorly understood. Herein, we decipher at the molecular level the role and impact of the MUC4EGF domains in the mediation of the binding affinities with HER2 and the PC cell tumorigenicity. We used an integrative approach combining in vitro bioinformatic, biophysical, biochemical, and biological approaches, as well as an in vivo study on a xenograft model of PC. In this study, we specified the binding mode of MUC4EGF domains with HER2 and demonstrate their “growth factor-like” biological activities in PC cells leading to stimulation of several signaling proteins (mTOR pathway, Akt, and β-catenin) contributing to PC progression. Molecular dynamics simulations of the MUC4EGF/HER2 complexes led to 3D homology models and identification of binding hotspots mediating binding affinity with HER2 and PC cell proliferation. These results will pave the way to the design of potential MUC4/HER2 inhibitors targeting the EGF domains of MUC4. This strategy will represent a new efficient alternative to treat cancers associated with MUC4/HER2 overexpression and HER2-targeted therapy failure as a new adapted treatment to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Stoup
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Maxime Liberelle
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172—LilNCog—Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Céline Schulz
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Sumeyye Cavdarli
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Romain Vasseur
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Romain Magnez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Fatima Lahdaoui
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Nicolas Skrypek
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Fabien Peretti
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Frédéric Frénois
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Xavier Thuru
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Patricia Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172—LilNCog—Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Nicolas Renault
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286—INFINITE—Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Nicolas Jonckheere
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Nicolas Lebègue
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172—LilNCog—Lille Neurosciences & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; (M.L.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (I.V.S.); Tel.: +33-32096-4977 (N.L.)
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277—CANTHER—Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.S.); (C.S.); (S.C.); (R.V.); (R.M.); (F.L.); (N.S.); (F.P.); (F.F.); (X.T.); (N.J.)
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (I.V.S.); Tel.: +33-32096-4977 (N.L.)
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48
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Rapraeger AC. Syndecans and Their Synstatins: Targeting an Organizer of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling at the Cell-Matrix Interface. Front Oncol 2021; 11:775349. [PMID: 34778093 PMCID: PMC8578902 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.775349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and integrin matrix receptors have well-established roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion and survival, often functioning in a coordinated fashion at sites of cell-matrix adhesion. Central to this coordination are syndecans, another class of matrix receptor, that organize RTKs and integrins into functional units, relying on docking motifs in the syndecan extracellular domains to capture and localize RTKs (e.g., EGFR, IGF-1R, VEGFR2, HER2) and integrins (e.g., αvβ3, αvβ5, α4β1, α3β1, α6β4) to sites of adhesion. Peptide mimetics of the docking motifs in the syndecans, called “synstatins”, prevent assembly of these receptor complexes, block their signaling activities and are highly effective against tumor cell invasion and survival and angiogenesis. This review describes our current understanding of these four syndecan-coupled mechanisms and their inhibitory synstatins (SSTNIGF1R, SSTNVEGFR2, SSTNVLA-4, SSTNEGFR and SSTNHER2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Rapraeger
- Department of Human Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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49
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Pinet L, Assrir N, van Heijenoort C. Expanding the Disorder-Function Paradigm in the C-Terminal Tails of Erbbs. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1690. [PMID: 34827688 PMCID: PMC8615588 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbBs are receptor tyrosine kinases involved not only in development, but also in a wide variety of diseases, particularly cancer. Their extracellular, transmembrane, juxtamembrane, and kinase folded domains were described extensively over the past 20 years, structurally and functionally. However, their whole C-terminal tails (CTs) following the kinase domain were only described at atomic resolution in the last 4 years. They were shown to be intrinsically disordered. The CTs are known to be tyrosine-phosphorylated when the activated homo- or hetero-dimers of ErbBs are formed. Their phosphorylation triggers interaction with phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) or Src Homology 2 (SH2) domains and activates several signaling pathways controling cellular motility, proliferation, adhesion, and apoptosis. Beyond this passive role of phosphorylated domain and site display for partners, recent structural and function studies unveiled active roles in regulation of phosphorylation and interaction: the CT regulates activity of the kinase domain; different phosphorylation states have different compaction levels, potentially modulating the succession of phosphorylation events; and prolines have an important role in structure, dynamics, and possibly regulatory interactions. Here, we review both the canonical role of the disordered CT domains of ErbBs as phosphotyrosine display domains and the recent findings that expand the known range of their regulation functions linked to specific structural and dynamic features.
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50
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Sommerfeld L, Finkernagel F, Jansen JM, Wagner U, Nist A, Stiewe T, Müller‐Brüsselbach S, Sokol AM, Graumann J, Reinartz S, Müller R. The multicellular signalling network of ovarian cancer metastases. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e633. [PMID: 34841720 PMCID: PMC8574964 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcoelomic spread is the major route of metastasis of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) with the omentum as the major metastatic site. Its unique tumour microenvironment with its large populations of adipocytes, mesothelial cells and immune cells establishes an intercellular signaling network that is instrumental for metastatic growth yet poorly understood. METHODS Based on transcriptomic analysis of tumour cells, tumour-associated immune and stroma cells we defined intercellular signaling pathways for 284 cytokines and growth factors and their cognate receptors after bioinformatic adjustment for contaminating cell types. The significance of individual components of this network was validated by analysing clinical correlations and potentially pro-metastatic functions, including tumour cell migration, pro-inflammatory signal transduction and TAM expansion. RESULTS The data show an unexpected prominent role of host cells, and in particular of omental adipocytes, mesothelial cells and fibroblasts (CAF), in sustaining this signaling network. These cells, rather than tumour cells, are the major source of most cytokines and growth factors in the omental microenvironment (n = 176 vs. n = 13). Many of these factors target tumour cells, are linked to metastasis and are associated with a short survival. Likewise, tumour stroma cells play a major role in extracellular-matrix-triggered signaling. We have verified the functional significance of our observations for three exemplary instances. We show that the omental microenvironment (i) stimulates tumour cell migration and adhesion via WNT4 which is highly expressed by CAF; (ii) induces pro-tumourigenic TAM proliferation in conjunction with high CSF1 expression by omental stroma cells and (iii) triggers pro-inflammatory signaling, at least in part via a HSP70-NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS The intercellular signaling network of omental metastases is majorly dependent on factors secreted by immune and stroma cells to provide an environment that supports ovarian HGSC progression. Clinically relevant pathways within this network represent novel options for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Sommerfeld
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Julia M. Jansen
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital (UKGM)MarburgGermany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological EndocrinologyUniversity Hospital (UKGM)MarburgGermany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
- Institute of Molecular OncologyPhilipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Sabine Müller‐Brüsselbach
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Anna M. Sokol
- The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine‐MainMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine‐MainMax Planck Institute for Heart and Lung ResearchBad NauheimGermany
- Institute for Translational Proteomics, Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI)Philipps UniversityMarburgGermany
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