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de Langen P, Ballester B. MUFFIN: a suite of tools for the analysis of functional sequencing data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae051. [PMID: 38745992 PMCID: PMC11091926 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The large diversity of functional genomic assays allows for the characterization of non-coding and coding events at the tissue level or at a single-cell resolution. However, this diversity also leads to protocol differences, widely varying sequencing depths, substantial disparities in sample sizes, and number of features. In this work, we have built a Python package, MUFFIN, which offers a wide variety of tools suitable for a broad range of genomic assays and brings many tools that were missing from the Python ecosystem. First, MUFFIN has specialized tools for the exploration of the non-coding regions of genomes, such as a function to identify consensus peaks in peak-called assays, as well as linking genomic regions to genes and performing Gene Set Enrichment Analyses. MUFFIN also possesses a robust and flexible count table processing pipeline, comprising normalization, count transformation, dimensionality reduction, Differential Expression, and clustering. Our tools were tested on three widely different scRNA-seq, ChIP-seq and ATAC-seq datasets. MUFFIN integrates with the popular Scanpy ecosystem and is available on Conda and at https://github.com/pdelangen/Muffin.
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Vo TH, EL-Sherbieny Abdelaal E, Jordan E, O'Donovan O, McNeela EA, Mehta JP, Rani S. miRNAs as biomarkers of therapeutic response to HER2-targeted treatment in breast cancer: A systematic review. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101588. [PMID: 38088952 PMCID: PMC10711031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of lethal cancer in women globally. Women have a 1 in 8 chance of developing breast cancer in their lifetime. Among the four primary molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, HER2+, and triple-negative), HER2+ accounts for 20-25 % of all breast cancer and is rather aggressive. Although the treatment outcome of HER2+ breast cancer patients has been significantly improved with anti-HER2 agents, primary and acquired drug resistance present substantial clinical issues, limiting the benefits of HER2-targeted treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in regulating acquired drug resistance. miRNA are single-stranded, non-coding RNAs of around 20-25 nucleotides, known for essential roles in regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that miRNA-mediated alteration of gene expression is associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and tumor response to treatment. Comprehensive knowledge of miRNAs as potential markers of drug response can help provide valuable guidance for treatment prognosis and personalized medicine for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Hoa Vo
- Department of Science, School of Science and Computing, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford, X91 K0EK, Ireland
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Center, South East Technological University, Cork Road, X91 K0EK, Waterford, Ireland
| | | | - Emmet Jordan
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Waterford, Dunmore Road, X91 ER8E, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Orla O'Donovan
- Department of Science, School of Science and Computing, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford, X91 K0EK, Ireland
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Center, South East Technological University, Cork Road, X91 K0EK, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Edel A. McNeela
- Department of Science, School of Science and Computing, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford, X91 K0EK, Ireland
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Center, South East Technological University, Cork Road, X91 K0EK, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Jai Prakash Mehta
- Department of Applied Science, South East Technological University, Kilkenny Road, R93 V960, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Sweta Rani
- Department of Science, School of Science and Computing, South East Technological University, Cork Road, Waterford, X91 K0EK, Ireland
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Center, South East Technological University, Cork Road, X91 K0EK, Waterford, Ireland
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3
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Piccolo CL, Celli I, Bandini C, Tommasiello M, Sammarra M, Faggioni L, Cioni D, Beomonte Zobel B, Neri E. The Correlation between Morpho-Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM) Features and Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:870. [PMID: 38473232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a major contributor to female mortality globally, presents challenges in detection, prompting exploration beyond digital mammography. Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM), integrating morphological and functional information, emerges as a promising alternative, offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and reduced anxiety compared to MRI. This study investigates CEM's correlation with breast cancer prognostic factors, encompassing histology, grade, and molecular markers. In a retrospective analysis involving 114 women, CEM revealed diverse lesion characteristics. Statistical analyses identified correlations between specific CEM features, such as spiculated margins and irregular shape, and prognostic factors like tumor grade and molecular markers. Notably, spiculated margins predicted lower grade and HER2 status, while irregular shape correlated with PgR and Ki-67 status. The study emphasizes CEM's potential in predicting breast cancer prognosis, shedding light on tumor behavior. Despite the limitations, including sample size and single-observer analysis, the findings advocate for CEM's role in stratifying breast cancers based on biological characteristics. CEM features, particularly spiculated margins, irregular shape, and enhancement dynamics, may serve as valuable indicators for personalized treatment decisions. Further research is crucial to validate these correlations and enhance CEM's clinical utility in breast cancer assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lucia Piccolo
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Celli
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Bandini
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Tommasiello
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Sammarra
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Faggioni
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Dania Cioni
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruno Beomonte Zobel
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuele Neri
- Department of Translational Research, Academic Radiology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Lin JY, Ye JY, Chen JG, Lin ST, Lin S, Cai SQ. Prediction of Receptor Status in Radiomics: Recent Advances in Breast Cancer Research. Acad Radiol 2023:S1076-6332(23)00687-6. [PMID: 38151383 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifactorial heterogeneous disease and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women; its diagnosis and treatment require clinical sensitivity and a comprehensive disciplinary research approach. The expression of different receptors on tumor cells not only provides the basis for molecular typing of breast cancer but also has a decisive role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. To date, immunohistochemistry (IHC), which uses invasive histological sampling, has been extensively used in clinical practice to analyze the status of receptors and to make an accurate diagnosis of breast cancer. As an invasive assay, IHC can provide important biological information on tumors at a single point in time, but cannot predict future changes (due to treatment or tumor mutations) without additional invasive procedures. These issues highlight the need to develop a non-invasive method for predicting receptor status. The emerging field of radiomics may offer a non-invasive approach to identification of receptor status without requiring biopsy. In this paper, we present a review of the latest research results in radiomics for predicting the status of breast cancer receptors, with potential important clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yuan Lin
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.L., S.Q.C.)
| | - Jia-Yi Ye
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.L., S.Q.C.)
| | - Jin-Guo Chen
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.L., S.Q.C.)
| | - Shu-Ting Lin
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.L., S.Q.C.)
| | - Shu Lin
- Center of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.Y., J.G.C., S.T.L., S.L.); Group of Neuroendocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia (S.L.)
| | - Si-Qing Cai
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian Province, China (J.Y.L., S.Q.C.).
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Bandyopadhyay A, Das T, Nandy S, Sahib S, Preetam S, Gopalakrishnan AV, Dey A. Ligand-based active targeting strategies for cancer theranostics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3417-3441. [PMID: 37466702 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02612-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, for the intermediate or advanced cancerous stages, preclinical and clinical applications of nanomedicines in cancer theranostics have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, decreased specificity and poor targeting efficiency with low target concentration of theranostic are the major drawbacks of nanomedicine in employing clinical substitution over conventional systemic therapy. Consequently, ligand decorated nanocarrier-mediated targeted drug delivery system can transcend the obstructions through their enhanced retention activity and increased permeability with effective targeting. The highly efficient and specific nanocarrier-mediated ligand-based active therapy is one of the novel and promising approaches for delivery of the therapeutics for different cancers in recent years to restrict various cancer growth in vivo without harming healthy cells. The article encapsulates the features of nanocarrier-mediated ligands in augmentation of active targeting approaches of various cancers and summarizes ligand-based targeted delivery systems in treatment of cancer as plausible theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Tuyelee Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Synudeen Sahib
- S.S. Cottage, Njarackal,, P.O.: Perinad, Kollam, 691601, Kerala, India
| | - Subham Preetam
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, 59053, Ulrika, Sweden
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Meivita MP, Go SX, Mozar FS, Li L, Tan YS, Bajalovic N, Loke DK. Shape complementarity processes for ultrashort-burst sensitive M13-PEG-WS 2-powered MCF-7 cancer cell sensors. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:16658-16668. [PMID: 37800342 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03573e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers have the potential to be utilized in disease diagnosis, prediction and monitoring. The cancer cell type is a leading candidate for next-generation biomarkers. Although traditional digital biomolecular sensor (DBS) technology has shown to be effective in assessing cell-based interactions, low cell-population detection of cancer cell types is extremely challenging. Here, we controlled the electrical signature of a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial, tungsten disulfide (WS2), by utilizing a combination of the Phage-integrated Polymer and the Nanosheet (PPN), viz., the integration of the M13-conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the WS2, through shape-complementarity phenomena, and developed a sensor system, i.e., the Phage-based DBS (P-DBS), for the specific, rapid, sensitive detection of clinically-relevant MCF-7 cells. The P-DBS attains a detection limit of 12 cells per μL, as well as a contrast of 1.25 between the MCF-10A sample signal and the MCF-7 sample signal. A reading length of 200 μs was further achieved, along with a relative cell viability of ∼100% for both MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells and with the PNN. Atomistic simulations reveal the structural origin of the shape complementarity-facilitated decrease in the output impedance of the P-DBS. The combination of previously unreported exotic sensing materials and digital sensor design represents an approach to unlocking the ultra-sensitive detection of cancer cell types and provides a promising avenue for early cancer diagnosis, staging and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Meivita
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Shao-Xiang Go
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Fitya S Mozar
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Lunna Li
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Natasa Bajalovic
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Desmond K Loke
- Department of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
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Jamai D, Kallel I, Mekrazi S, Aloulou S, Walha M, Selmi B, Khabir A. Combined expression of HIF1α, VEGF and HER2 predicts metastasis, relapse and response to combination chemotherapy in colorectal cancer patients. Ann Diagn Pathol 2023; 66:152168. [PMID: 37290395 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2023.152168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Addressing a single target is the frequent development of drug resistance followed by cancer relapse and treatment failure. Therefore, assessment of simultaneous expression of target molecules is essential to choose the optimal combination therapy for each colorectal cancer patient. This study aims to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of HIF1α, HER2 and VEGF and to clarify their clinical significance as prognostic factors and predictive markers of FOLFOX (combination chemotherapy inclusive of Leucovorin calcium, Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin response). Marker expression was retrospectively evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 111 patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas from south Tunisia, followed by statistical analysis. The immunohistochemical staining revealed that 45 %, 80.2 %, 86.5 % and 25.5 % of specimen were positive for nuclear, cytoplasmic HIF1α expression, VEGF and HER2 respectively. Nuclear HIF1α and VEGF were associated with worst prognosis while cytoplasmic HIF1α and HER2 were correlated with favourable prognosis. Multivariate analysis confirms the association between nuclear HIF1α, distant metastasis, relapse, FOLFOX response and 5 years overall survival. HIF1α positivity and HER2 negativity were significantly associated to short survival. Combined immunoprofiles HIF1α+/VEGF+, HIF1α+/HER2-, HIF1α+/VEGF+/HER2- were associated to distant metastasis, cancer relapse and short survival. Interestingly, our findings confirmed that patients bearing a HIF1α positive tumor were significantly more resistant to FOLFOX compared to negative ones (p = 0.002, p ≤ 0.001). Positive expression of HIF1α and VEGF, or decreased expression of HER2 was each associated with poor prognosis and short overall survival. In summary, we found that expression of nuclear HIF1α, alone or combined with VEGF and HER2 serves as a predictive marker of poor prognosis and FOLFOX response in colorectal cancer from south Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Jamai
- Research Laboratory of Bioresources, Integrative Biology and Valorization LR14ES06, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Imen Kallel
- Research Laboratory of Toxicology, Microbiology, Environmental and Health LR17ES06, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Saoussen Mekrazi
- Research Laboratory of Toxicology, Microbiology, Environmental and Health LR17ES06, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Samir Aloulou
- Medical Oncology Service, Mohamed Ben Sassi University Hospital, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Walha
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Boulbaba Selmi
- Research Laboratory of Bioresources, Integrative Biology and Valorization LR14ES06, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Hadded, BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Abdelmajid Khabir
- Department of Pathology, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Medenine, Tunisia
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Young JR, Ressler JA, Shiroishi MS, Mortimer JE, Schmolze D, Fitzgibbons M, Chen BT. Association of Relative Cerebral Blood Volume from Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced Perfusion MR with HER2 Status in Breast Cancer Brain Metastases. Acad Radiol 2023; 30:1816-1822. [PMID: 36549990 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES With the development of HER2-directed therapies, identifying non-invasive imaging biomarkers of HER2 expression in breast cancer brain metastases has become increasingly important. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) from dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced (DSC) perfusion MR could help identify the HER2 status of breast cancer brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS With IRB approval for this HIPAA-compliant cross-sectional study and a waiver of informed consent, we queried our institution's electronic medical record to derive a cohort of 14 histologically proven breast cancer brain metastases with preoperative DSC perfusion MR and HER2 analyses of the resected/biopsied brain specimens from 2011-2021. The rCBV of the lesions was measured and compared using Mann-Whitney tests. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of rCBV in identifying HER2 status. RESULTS The study cohort was comprised of 14 women with a mean age of 56 years (range: 32-81 years) with a total of 14 distinct lesions. The rCBV of HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases was significantly greater than the rCBV of HER2-negative lesions (8.02 vs 3.97, U=48.00, p=0.001). rCBV differentiated HER2-positive lesions from HER2-negative lesions with an area under the curve of 0.98 (standard error=0.032, p<0.001). The accuracy-maximizing rCBV threshold (4.8) was associated with an accuracy of 93% (13/14), a sensitivity of 100% (7/7), and a specificity of 86% (6/7). CONCLUSION rCBV may assist in identifying the HER2 status of breast cancer brain metastases, if validated in a large prospective trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Young
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, California, 91010.
| | - Julie A Ressler
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, California, 91010
| | - Mark S Shiroishi
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joanne E Mortimer
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Daniel Schmolze
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mariko Fitzgibbons
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, California, 91010
| | - Bihong T Chen
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, California, 91010
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Ye F, Dewanjee S, Li Y, Jha NK, Chen ZS, Kumar A, Vishakha, Behl T, Jha SK, Tang H. Advancements in clinical aspects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:105. [PMID: 37415164 PMCID: PMC10324146 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01805-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The heterogeneity of this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management. However, recent advances in molecular biology and immunology enable to develop highly targeted therapies for many forms of breast cancer. The primary objective of targeted therapy is to inhibit a specific target/molecule that supports tumor progression. Ak strain transforming, cyclin-dependent kinases, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and different growth factors have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for specific breast cancer subtypes. Many targeted drugs are currently undergoing clinical trials, and some have already received the FDA approval as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of different forms of breast cancer. However, the targeted drugs have yet to achieve therapeutic promise against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this aspect, immune therapy has come up as a promising therapeutic approach specifically for TNBC patients. Different immunotherapeutic modalities including immune-checkpoint blockade, vaccination, and adoptive cell transfer have been extensively studied in the clinical setting of breast cancer, especially in TNBC patients. The FDA has already approved some immune-checkpoint blockers in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs to treat TNBC and several trials are ongoing. This review provides an overview of clinical developments and recent advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies for breast cancer treatment. The successes, challenges, and prospects were critically discussed to portray their profound prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Ankush Kumar
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vishakha
- Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Uruski P, Matuszewska J, Leśniewska A, Rychlewski D, Niklas A, Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Tykarski A, Książek K. An integrative review of nonobvious puzzles of cellular and molecular cardiooncology. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:44. [PMID: 37221467 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncologic patients are subjected to four major treatment types: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. All nonsurgical forms of cancer management are known to potentially violate the structural and functional integrity of the cardiovascular system. The prevalence and severity of cardiotoxicity and vascular abnormalities led to the emergence of a clinical subdiscipline, called cardiooncology. This relatively new, but rapidly expanding area of knowledge, primarily focuses on clinical observations linking the adverse effects of cancer therapy with deteriorated quality of life of cancer survivors and their increased morbidity and mortality. Cellular and molecular determinants of these relations are far less understood, mainly because of several unsolved paths and contradicting findings in the literature. In this article, we provide a comprehensive view of the cellular and molecular etiology of cardiooncology. We pay particular attention to various intracellular processes that arise in cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells treated in experimentally-controlled conditions in vitro and in vivo with ionizing radiation and drugs representing diverse modes of anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Julia Matuszewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Leśniewska
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daniel Rychlewski
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Niklas
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa ½ Str., 61-848, Poznan, Poland.
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Tanişman Ö, Kiziltepe FT, Yildirim Ç, Coşar ZS. Prediction of prognostic factors in breast cancer: A noninvasive method utilizing histogram parameters derived from Adc maps. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16282. [PMID: 37251865 PMCID: PMC10208937 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between histogram parameters and prognostic factors of breast cancer and to reveal the diagnostic performance of histogram parameters in predicting prognostic factors status. Materials and methods Ninety-two patients with a confirmed histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer were included in the study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed using a 1.5T scanner and two different b values were used for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (b values: 0 s/mm2, b: 800 s/mm2). For 3D histogram analysis, regions of interest (ROI) were drawn each slice of the lesion on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. The following data were derived from the histogram analysis data: percentiles, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy. The relationship between prognostic factors and histogram analysis data was investigated using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Shapiro-Wilk test, skewness-kurtosis test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the histogram parameters. Results ADCmax, kurtosis, and entropy parameters were statistically significantly correlated with tumor diameter (p = 0.002, p = 0.008, and p = 0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference in ADC90% and ADCmax values, depending on estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. These values were lower in ER- and PR-positive than ER- and PR-negative patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001 vs. p = 0.018, p = 0.008). All ADC percentage values were lower in patients with a positive Ki-67 proliferation index as compared with those with a negative Ki-67 proliferation index (all p = 0.001). The entropy value was high in high-grade lesions and lesions with axillary involvement (p = 0.039 and p = 0.048, respectively). The highest area under the curve (AUC) for ER and PR status was calculated for the ADC90% value with ROC curve analysis. The highest AUC for Ki-67 proliferation index was found for the ADC50%. Conclusion Histogram analysis parameters derived from of ADC maps of whole lesions can reflect histopathological features of the tumors. Based on our study, it was concluded that histogram analysis parameters were related to the prognostic factors of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Tanişman
- Deparment of Radiology, Oltu State Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tuba Kiziltepe
- Deparment of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Sumru Coşar
- Deparment of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Braman N, Prasanna P, Bera K, Alilou M, Khorrami M, Leo P, Etesami M, Vulchi M, Turk P, Gupta A, Jain P, Fu P, Pennell N, Velcheti V, Abraham J, Plecha D, Madabhushi A. Novel Radiomic Measurements of Tumor-Associated Vasculature Morphology on Clinical Imaging as a Biomarker of Treatment Response in Multiple Cancers. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4410-4424. [PMID: 35727603 PMCID: PMC9588630 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumor-associated vasculature (TAV) differs from healthy blood vessels by its convolutedness, leakiness, and chaotic architecture, and these attributes facilitate the creation of a treatment-resistant tumor microenvironment. Measurable differences in these attributes might also help stratify patients by likely benefit of systemic therapy (e.g., chemotherapy). In this work, we present a new category of computational image-based biomarkers called quantitative tumor-associated vasculature (QuanTAV) features, and demonstrate their ability to predict response and survival across multiple cancer types, imaging modalities, and treatment regimens involving chemotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We isolated tumor vasculature and extracted mathematical measurements of twistedness and organization from routine pretreatment radiology (CT or contrast-enhanced MRI) of a total of 558 patients, who received one of four first-line chemotherapy-based therapeutic intervention strategies for breast (n = 371) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, n = 187). RESULTS Across four chemotherapy-based treatment strategies, classifiers of QuanTAV measurements significantly (P < 0.05) predicted response in held out testing cohorts alone (AUC = 0.63-0.71) and increased AUC by 0.06-0.12 when added to models of significant clinical variables alone. Similarly, we derived QuanTAV risk scores that were prognostic of recurrence-free survival in treatment cohorts who received surgery following chemotherapy for breast cancer [P = 0.0022; HR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.44; concordance index (C-index) = 0.66] and chemoradiation for NSCLC (P = 0.039; HR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.62; C-index = 0.66). From vessel-based risk scores, we further derived categorical QuanTAV high/low risk groups that were independently prognostic among all treatment groups, including patients with NSCLC who received chemotherapy only (P = 0.034; HR = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.07-4.94; C-index = 0.62). QuanTAV response and risk scores were independent of clinicopathologic risk factors and matched or exceeded models of clinical variables including posttreatment response. CONCLUSIONS Across these domains, we observed an association of vascular morphology on CT and MRI-as captured by metrics of vessel curvature, torsion, and organizational heterogeneity-and treatment outcome. Our findings suggest the potential of shape and structure of the TAV in developing prognostic and predictive biomarkers for multiple cancers and different treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Braman
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Picture Health, Cleveland, OH
| | - Prateek Prasanna
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Stony Brook University, New York, NY
| | - Kaustav Bera
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Patrick Leo
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Maryam Etesami
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, CT
| | - Manasa Vulchi
- The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (CCF), Cleveland, OH
| | - Paulette Turk
- The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (CCF), Cleveland, OH
| | - Amit Gupta
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Prantesh Jain
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Jame Abraham
- The Cleveland Clinic Foundation (CCF), Cleveland, OH
| | - Donna Plecha
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anant Madabhushi
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
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13
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Cain N, Rahbar G, Park E, Tang M, Andrews-Tang D, Gupta E, Roth A, Lee-Felker S, Thomas M. Quantitative Analysis of Contrast-enhanced Mammography for Risk Stratification of Benign Versus Malignant Disease and Molecular Subtype. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2022; 4:496-505. [PMID: 38416945 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess quantitative enhancement of benign, high-risk, and malignant lesions and differences in molecular subtype and grade of malignant lesions on contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). METHODS This IRB-approved retrospective study included women who underwent CEM for diagnostic work-up of a breast lesion between 2014 and 2020. Inclusion criteria were women who had diagnostic work-up with CEM and had BI-RADS 1 or 2 with one year follow-up, BI-RADS 3 with tissue diagnosis or stability for 2 years, or BI-RADS 4 or 5 with tissue diagnosis. An enhancement ratio was calculated for all lesions. This was obtained by drawing a region of interest within the lesion and a second region of interest in the nonenhancing background tissue using a program developed with MATLAB. Descriptive statistics were evaluated using chi-squared tests, Fisher exact tests, and analysis of variance. A logistic regression model was used to predict cancer outcome using the enhancement ratio. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS There were 332 lesions in 210 women that met study criteria. Of the 332 lesions, 50.9% (169/332) were malignant, 5.7% (19/332) were high-risk, and 43.4% (144/332) were benign. Enhancement intensity of malignant lesions was higher than benign lesions. Odds ratio for quantitative enhancement of malignant lesions was 30.15 (P < 0.0001). Enhancement ratio above 1.49 had an 84.0% sensitivity and 84.0% specificity for malignancy. HER2-enriched breast cancers had significantly higher mean enhancement ratios (P = 0.0062). CONCLUSION Quantitative enhancement on CEM demonstrated that malignant breast lesions had higher mean enhancement intensity than benign lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Cain
- Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guita Rahbar
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Sylmar, CA, USA
| | - Esther Park
- Allegheny Health Network, Department of Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maxine Tang
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Esha Gupta
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Sylmar, CA, USA
| | - Antoinette Roth
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Sylmar, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie Lee-Felker
- Ronald Reagan-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariam Thomas
- Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Sylmar, CA, USA
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14
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Shoari A, Tahmasebi M, Khodabakhsh F, Cohan RA, Oghalaie A, Behdani M. Angiogenic biomolecules specific nanobodies application in cancer imaging and therapy; review and updates. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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15
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Kazama T, Takahara T, Hashimoto J. Breast Cancer Subtypes and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systemic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040490. [PMID: 35454981 PMCID: PMC9028183 DOI: 10.3390/life12040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive imaging modality for breast cancer detection. This systematic review investigated the role of quantitative MRI features in classifying molecular subtypes of breast cancer. We performed a literature search of articles published on the application of quantitative MRI features in invasive breast cancer molecular subtype classification in PubMed from 1 January 2002 to 30 September 2021. Of the 1275 studies identified, 106 studies with a total of 12,989 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Bias was assessed based using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies. All studies were case-controlled and research-based. Most studies assessed quantitative MRI features using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) kinetic features and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. We present a summary of the quantitative MRI features and their correlations with breast cancer subtypes. In DCE studies, conflicting results have been reported; therefore, we performed a meta-analysis. Significant differences in the time intensity curve patterns were observed between receptor statuses. In 10 studies, including a total of 1276 lesions, the pooled difference in proportions of type Ⅲ curves (wash-out) between oestrogen receptor-positive and -negative cancers was not significant (95% confidence interval (CI): [−0.10, 0.03]). In nine studies, including a total of 1070 lesions, the pooled difference in proportions of type 3 curves between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive and -negative cancers was significant (95% CI: [0.01, 0.14]). In six studies including a total of 622 lesions, the pooled difference in proportions of type 3 curves between the high and low Ki-67 groups was significant (95% CI: [0.17, 0.44]). However, the type 3 curve itself is a nonspecific finding in breast cancer. Many studies have examined the relationship between mean ADC and breast cancer subtypes; however, the ADC values overlapped significantly between subtypes. The heterogeneity of ADC using kurtosis or difference, diffusion tensor imaging parameters, and relaxation time was reported recently with promising results; however, current evidence is limited, and further studies are required to explore these potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kazama
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-463-93-1121
| | - Taro Takahara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tokai University School of Engineering, Hiratsuka 259-1207, Japan;
| | - Jun Hashimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 259-1193, Japan;
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16
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Chen L, Chen F, Li J, Pu Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Lei Y, Huang Y. CAR-T cell therapy for lung cancer: Potential and perspective. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:889-899. [PMID: 35289077 PMCID: PMC8977151 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the highest incidence and mortality of all cancers around the world. In the present immunotherapy era, an increasing number of immunotherapeutic agents including monoclonal antibody‐targeted drugs have been used in the clinical treatment of malignancy, but it still has many limitations. Chimeric antigen receptor‐modified T (CAR‐T) cells, a novel adoptive immunotherapy strategy, have not only been used successfully against hematological tumors, but have also opened up new avenues for immunotherapy of solid tumors, including lung cancer. However, targeting lung cancer‐specific antigens using engineered CAR‐T cells is complicated by the lack of proper tumor‐specific antigens, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, a low level of CAR‐T cell infiltration into tumor tissues, along with off‐target effect, etc. Simultaneously, the clinical application of CAR‐T cells remains limited because of many challenges such as tumor lysis syndrome, neurotoxicity syndrome, and cytokine release syndrome. In this review, we outline the basic structure and generation characteristic of CAR‐T cells and summarize the common tumor‐associated antigens in clinical trials of CAR‐T cell therapy for lung cancer, and point out the current challenges and new strategies, aiming to provide new ideas and approaches for the pre‐clinical experiments and clinical trials of CAR‐T cell therapy in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Fukun Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Jindan Li
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yongzhu Pu
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Conghui Yang
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of PET/CT Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yujie Lei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Cancer Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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17
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Huang Z, Tu X, Lin Q, Zhan Z, Li Y, Liu J. Quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance imaging cannot predict human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in rectal cancer. Clin Imaging 2021; 83:77-82. [PMID: 34990984 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantitative parameters can differentiate human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 89 patients with surgically confirmed rectal cancer who underwent preoperative MRI from June 2014 to May 2019. Patients were divided into three groups: HER2 negative (HER2-Neg); HER2-low expression (HER2-L); and HER2 positive (HER2-Pos). Quantitative perfusion parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) Tofts model (pharmacokinetic blood dual compartment model) were listed as follows: volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (Kep), and extracellular volume ratio (Ve). The mean, minimum, and maximum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values at standard (800 s/mm2) b-values were obtained with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Clinicopathologic characteristics and quantitative parameters were compared by Fisher's exact test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), respectively. RESULTS The 89 patients included 52 (58.4%) with HER2-Neg, 31 (34.8%) with HER2-L, and 6 (6.8%) with HER2-Pos states. Fisher's exact test showed that clinicopathologic characteristics among the three groups were not significantly different (p = 0.281 to 1.000). Likewise, there were no associations between HER2 status and any quantitative parameters, including Ktrans (p = 0.296), Kep (p = 0.290), Ve (p = 0.184), ADCmean (p = 0.181), ADCmin (p = 0.143), or ADCmax (p = 0.058). CONCLUSION Quantitative perfusion parameters (Ktrans, Kep, Ve) and ADC values were not able to discriminate HER2 status in patients with rectal cancer or evaluate treatment response in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhuan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China.
| | - Xuezhao Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Zejuan Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Jinkai Liu
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian 364000, China
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18
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Circadian Alterations Increase with Progression in a Patient-Derived Cell Culture Model of Breast Cancer. Clocks Sleep 2021; 3:598-608. [PMID: 34842634 PMCID: PMC8628750 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep3040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disruption can elicit the development of various diseases, including breast cancer. While studies have used cell lines to study correlations between altered circadian rhythms and cancer, these models have different genetic backgrounds and do not mirror the changes that occur with disease development. Isogenic cell models can recapitulate changes across cancer progression. Hence, in this study, a patient-derived breast cancer model, the 21T series, was used to evaluate changes to circadian oscillations of core clock protein transcription as cells progress from normal to malignant states. Three cell lines were used: H16N2 (normal breast epithelium), 21PT (atypical ductal hyperplasia), and 21MT-1 (invasive metastatic carcinoma). The cancerous cells are both HER2+. We assessed the transcriptional profiles of two core clock proteins, BMAL1 and PER2, which represent a positive and negative component of the molecular oscillator. In the normal H16N2 cells, both genes possessed rhythmic mRNA oscillations with close to standard periods and phases. However, in the cancerous cells, consistent changes were observed: both genes had periods that deviated farther from normal and did not have an anti-phase relationship. In the future, mechanistic studies should be undertaken to determine the oncogenic changes responsible for the circadian alterations found.
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19
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Ren S, Tan X, Fu MZ, Ren S, Wu X, Chen T, Latham PS, Lin P, Man YG, Fu SW. Downregulation of miR-375 contributes to ERBB2-mediated VEGFA overexpression in esophageal cancer. J Cancer 2021; 12:7138-7146. [PMID: 34729115 PMCID: PMC8558641 DOI: 10.7150/jca.63836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a lethal cancer with an extremely aggressive nature and poor survival rate. However, the molecular mechanisms driving the occurrence and progression of EC are not well understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate the expression of protein-coding genes. miRNA-mediated gene regulation plays an important role in EC. By cross-referencing studies from NCBI, we found that microRNA-375 (miR-375) is one of the most frequently downregulated miRNAs in EC. We assessed expression of miR-375 in EC cell lines and primary EC tissues and their matched normal tissues. We found significant downregulation of miR-375 in both cell lines and EC tissues. Forced expression of miR-375 attenuated EC cell proliferation and invasion. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, ERBB2), a known proto-oncogene, was identified here as one of the potential target genes of miR-375. Ectopic expression of miR-375 significantly suppressed the expression of ERBB2 and subsequently downregulated one of its target genes, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which is related to cancer invasion and metastasis. These findings suggest that miR-375 acts as a tumor suppressor by blocking the ERBB2/VEGFA pathway with the potential to modulate the occurrence and/ or progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchang Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Melinda Z Fu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Shuyang Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Medicine, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Medicine, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Patricia S Latham
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Paul Lin
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Yan-Gao Man
- Department of Pathology, Hackensack Meridian Health-Hackensack, University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ; the International Union for Difficult to treat Diseases (IUDD), Silver Spring, MD
| | - Sidney W Fu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genomic Medicine, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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20
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Ian TWM, Tan EY, Chotai N. Role of mammogram and ultrasound imaging in predicting breast cancer subtypes in screening and symptomatic patients. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:808-822. [PMID: 34631444 PMCID: PMC8479344 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i9.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) radiogenomics, or correlation analysis of imaging features and BC molecular subtypes, can complement genetic analysis with less resource-intensive diagnostic methods to provide an early and accurate triage of BC. This is pertinent because BC is the most prevalent cancer amongst adult women, resulting in rising demands on public health resources.
AIM To find combinations of mammogram and ultrasound imaging features that predict BC molecular subtypes in a sample of screening and symptomatic patients.
METHODS This retrospective study evaluated 328 consecutive patients in 2017-2018 with histologically confirmed BC, of which 237 (72%) presented with symptoms and 91 (28%) were detected via a screening program. All the patients underwent mammography and ultrasound imaging prior to biopsy. The images were retrospectively read by two breast-imaging radiologists with 5-10 years of experience with no knowledge of the histology results to ensure statistical independence. To test the hypothesis that imaging features are correlated with tumor subtypes, univariate binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were performed. Our study also used the multivariate logistic regression (with and without interaction terms) to identify combinations of mammogram and ultrasound (US) imaging characteristics predictive of molecular subtypes.
RESULTS The presence of circumscribed margins, posterior enhancement, and large size is correlated with triple-negative BC (TNBC), while high-risk microcalcifications and microlobulated margins is predictive of HER2-enriched cancers. Ductal carcinoma in situ is characterized by small size on ultrasound, absence of posterior acoustic features, and architectural distortion on mammogram, while luminal subtypes tend to be small, with spiculated margins and posterior acoustic shadowing (Luminal A type). These results are broadly consistent with findings from prior studies. In addition, we also find that US size signals a higher odds ratio for TNBC if presented during screening. As TNBC tends to display sonographic features such as circumscribed margins and posterior enhancement, resulting in visual similarity with benign common lesions, at the screening stage, size may be a useful factor in deciding whether to recommend a biopsy.
CONCLUSION Several imaging features were shown to be independent variables predicting molecular subtypes of BC. Knowledge of such correlations could help clinicians stratify BC patients, possibly enabling earlier treatment or aiding in therapeutic decisions in countries where receptor testing is not readily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tay Wei Ming Ian
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 101070, Singapore
| | - Ern Yu Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Niketa Chotai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
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21
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Performance of enhancement on brain MRI for identifying HER2 overexpression in breast cancer brain metastases. Eur J Radiol 2021; 144:109948. [PMID: 34534735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether enhancement on MRI could help identify HER2 overexpression in breast cancer brain metastases. METHODS We derived a cohort of 38 histologically proven breast cancer brain metastases with preoperative contrast-enhanced brain MRI and HER2 fluorescent in-situ hybridization of the resected/biopsied brain specimens from 2018 to 2021. Enhancement of the lesions was measured and compared using t-tests. Receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of MRI enhancement in identifying HER2 overexpression. RESULTS The study cohort was comprised of 29 women with a mean age of 55 years (range: 31-81 years) with a total of 38 distinct lesions. The HER2-positive subcohort was comprised of 17 patients, while the HER2-negative subcohort was comprised of 13 patients. The percent signal intensity change (PSIC) of HER2-positive breast cancer brain metastases was significantly greater than that of HER2-negative lesions (310 v. 153, P = 0.002). The PSIC differentiated HER2-positive lesions from HER2-negative lesions with an area under the curve of 0.88 (P < 0.001). In a model controlling for lesion size, lesion location, tumor grade, patient age, scanner magnetic field strength, and contrast agent, the PSIC had an accuracy of 92% (35/38), sensitivity of 96% (23/24), and specificity of 86% (12/14) in differentiating HER2-positive lesions from HER2-negative lesions. CONCLUSION Enhancement on MRI may assist in identifying HER2 overexpression in breast cancer brain metastases, if validated prospectively.
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Abstract
Objective Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) placed for hemodialysis have high flow rates that can stimulate left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. LV hypertrophy generally portends poor cardiac outcomes, yet clinical studies point to superior cardiac-specific outcomes for patients with AVF when compared with other dialysis modalities. We hypothesize that AVF induce physiologic cardiac hypertrophy with cardioprotective features. Methods We treated 9- to 11-week-old C57Bl/6 male and female mice with sham laparotomy or an aortocaval fistula via a 25G needle. Cardiac chamber size and function were assessed with serial echocardiography, and cardiac computed tomography angiography. Hearts were harvested at 5 weeks postoperatively, and the collagen content was assessed with Masson's trichrome. Bulk messenger RNA sequencing was performed from LV of sham and AVF mice at 10 days. Differentially expressed genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen) to identify affected pathways and predict downstream biological effects. Results Mice with AVF had similar body weight and wet lung mass, but increased cardiac mass compared with sham-operated mice. AVF increased cardiac output while preserving LV systolic and diastolic function, as well as indices of right heart function; all four cardiac chambers were enlarged, with a slight decrement in the relative LV wall thickness. Histology showed preserved collagen density within each of the four chambers without areas of fibrosis. RNA sequencing captured 19 384 genes, of which 857 were significantly differentially expressed, including transcripts from extracellular matrix-related genes, ion channels, metabolism, and cardiac fetal genes. The top upstream regulatory molecules predicted include activation of angiogenic (Vegf, Akt1), procardiomyocyte survival (Hgf, Foxm1, Erbb2, Lin9, Areg), and inflammation-related (CSF2, Tgfb1, TNF, Ifng, Ccr2, IL6) genes, as well as the inactivation of cardiomyocyte antiproliferative factors (Cdkn1a, FoxO3, α-catenin). The predicted downstream effects include a decrease in heart damage, and increased arrhythmia, angiogenesis, and cardiogenesis. There were no significant sex-dependent differences in the AVF-stimulated cardiac adaptation. Conclusions AVF stimulate adaptive cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type mice without heart failure or pathologic fibrosis. Transcriptional correlates suggest AVF-induced cardiac remodeling has some cardioprotective, although also arrhythmogenic features. (JVS–Vascular Science 2021;2:110-28.) Clinical Relevance Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are commonly used as access for hemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. AVF induce a high-output state that is associated with long-term structural cardiac remodeling, including left ventricle hypertrophy, but this element has uncertain clinical significance. Although left ventricle hypertrophy has traditionally been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, clinical studies have suggested that cardiac-specific outcomes of patients with end-stage renal disease were better with AVF compared with other dialysis modalities. This study uses a mouse model of AVF to study the structural, functional, and molecular correlates of AVF-induced cardiac remodeling. It finds that AVF causes an adaptive cardiac hypertrophy without functional decline or fibrosis. Transcriptional correlates suggest an electrical remodeling and the upregulation of proangiogenic, procardiogenic, and prosurvival factors, implying that AVF-induced cardiac hypertrophy is potentially cardioprotective, but also arrhythmogenic.
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Characterization of breast cancer subtypes based on quantitative assessment of intratumoral heterogeneity using dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol 2021; 32:822-833. [PMID: 34345946 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-08166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether intratumoral heterogeneity, assessed via dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), reflects the molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancers. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated data from 248 consecutive women (mean age ± standard deviation, 54.6 ± 12.2 years) with invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative DCE-MRI and DWI between 2019 and 2020. To evaluate intratumoral heterogeneity, kinetic heterogeneity (a measure of heterogeneity in the proportions of tumor pixels with delayed washout, plateau, and persistent components within a tumor) was assessed with DCE-MRI using a commercially available computer-aided diagnosis system. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were obtained using a region-of-interest technique, and ADC heterogeneity was calculated using the following formula: (ADCmax-ADCmin)/ADCmean. Possible associations between imaging-based heterogeneity values and breast cancer subtypes were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 248 invasive breast cancers, 61 (24.6%) were classified as luminal A, 130 (52.4%) as luminal B, 25 (10.1%) as HER2-enriched, and 32 (12.9%) as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). There were significant differences in the kinetic and ADC heterogeneity values among tumor subtypes (p < 0.001 and p = 0.023, respectively). The TNBC showed higher kinetic and ADC heterogeneity values, whereas the HER2-enriched subtype showed higher kinetic heterogeneity values compared to the luminal subtypes. Multivariate linear analysis showed that the HER2-enriched (p < 0.001) and TNBC subtypes (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher kinetic heterogeneity values. The TNBC subtype (p = 0.042) was also significantly associated with higher ADC heterogeneity values. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative assessments of heterogeneity in enhancement kinetics and ADC values may provide biological clues regarding the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. KEY POINTS • Higher kinetic heterogeneity was associated with HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer. • Higher ADC heterogeneity was associated with triple-negative breast cancer. • Aggressive breast cancer subtypes exhibited higher intratumoral heterogeneity based on MRI.
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Dysregulation of Amphiregulin stimulates the pathogenesis of cystic lymphangioma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019580118. [PMID: 33941693 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019580118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with blood vessels, lymphatic vessels play an important role in the circulation of body fluid and recruitment of immune cells. Postnatal lymphangiogenesis commonly occurs from preexisting lymphatic vessels by sprouting, which is induced by lymphangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). However, the key signals and cell types that stimulate pathological lymphangiogenesis, such as human cystic lymphangioma, are less well known. Here, we found that mouse dermal fibroblasts that infiltrate to sponges subcutaneously implanted express VEGF-D and sushi, Von Willebrand factor type A, EGF, and pentraxin domain containing 1 (SVEP1) in response to PDGFRβ signal. In vitro, Pdgfrb knockout (β-KO) fibroblasts had reduced expression of VEGF-D and SVEP1 and overproduced Amphiregulin. Dysregulation of these three factors was involved in the cyst-like and uneven distribution of lymphatic vessels observed in the β-KO mice. Similarly, in human cystic lymphangioma, which is one of the intractable diseases and mostly occurs in childhood, fibroblasts surrounding cystic lymphatics highly expressed Amphiregulin. Moreover, fibroblast-derived Amphiregulin could induce the expression of Amphiregulin in lymphatic endothelial cells. The dual source of Amphiregulin activated EGFR expressed on the lymphatic endothelial cells. This exacerbation cascade induced proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells to form cystic lymphangioma. Ultimately, excessive Amphiregulin produced by fibroblasts surrounding lymphatics and by lymphatic endothelial cells per se results in pathogenesis of cystic lymphangioma and will be a fascinating therapeutic target of cystic lymphangioma.
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Li Q, Xiao Q, Yang M, Chai Q, Huang Y, Wu PY, Niu Q, Gu Y. Histogram analysis of quantitative parameters from synthetic MRI: Correlations with prognostic factors and molecular subtypes in invasive ductal breast cancer. Eur J Radiol 2021; 139:109697. [PMID: 33857828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate intra-tumoral heterogeneity through a histogram analysis of quantitative parameters obtained from synthetic MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), and determine correlations of these histogram characteristics with prognostic factors and molecular subtypes of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). METHODS A total of 122 IDC from 122 women who underwent preoperative synthetic MRI and DCE (dynamic contrast enhancement)-MRI were investigated. The synthetic MRI parameters (T1, T2, and PD (proton density)) were obtained. For each parameter, the minimum, 10th percentile, mean, median, 90th percentile, maximum, skewness, and kurtosis values of tumor were calculated, and correlations with prognostic factors and subtypes were assessed. The Mann-Whitney U test or the Student's t test were utilized to analyze the association between the histogram features of synthetic MRI parameters and prognostic factors. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the post-hoc test was used to analyze differences of synthetic MRI parameters among molecular subtypes. RESULTS IDC with high histopathologic grade showed statistically higher PDmaxium, T1mean and T1median values than those with low grade (p = 0.003, p = 0.007, p = 0.003). The T110th were significantly higher in cancers with PR (progesterone receptor) negativity than those with PR positivity (p = 0.005). ER-negative cancers had significant higher values of T210th, T2mean, and T2median than ER-positive cancers (p = 0.006, 0.002, and 0.006, respectively). The values of PDmedian were significantly higher in IDC with HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) positivity than those with HER2 negativity (p = 0.001). When discriminating molecular subtypes of IDC, the T2mean achieved the highest performance. The T2mean values of TN (triple-negative), luminal B and luminal A types are arranged in descending order (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Histogram features derived from synthetic MRI quantifies the distributions of tissue relaxation time and proton density, and may serve as a potential biomarker for discriminating histopathological grade, hormone receptor status, HER2 expression status and breast cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghuan Chai
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Qingliang Niu
- Department of Radiology, WeiFang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weizhou Road No. 1055, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Yajia Gu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yurtsever I, Sari L, Gultekin MA, Toprak H, Turk HM, Aliyev A, Peker AA, Yabaci A, Alkan A. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Brain Metastases in Patients with Breast Cancer According to Molecular Subtypes. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 17:120-128. [PMID: 32564758 DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666200621195655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent studies have shown that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters are used to follow the patients with breast cancer and correlate well as a prognostic parameter of breast cancer. However, as far as we know, there is no data to compare the DTI features of breast cancer brain metastases according to molecular subtypes in the literature. Our aim is to evaluate whether there are any differences in DTI parameters of brain metastases in patients with breast cancer according to molecular subtypes. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with breast cancer and 82 metastatic brain lesions were included. We classified subjects into three subgroups according to their hormone expression; Group 0, triple- negative (n; 6, 19 lesions), group 1, HER2-positive (n;16, 54 lesions) and group 2, hormone-- positive group (n; 5, 9 lesions). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values in DTI were measured and compared between three groups. RESULTS ADC, AD and RD values of group 2 were significantly lower compared to group 0. No significant differences were found in FA, ADC, AD and RD values between the group 0 and 1 and the group 1 and 2. CONCLUSION Metastasis of aggressive triple-negative breast cancer showed higher ADC values compared to the less aggressive hormone-positive group. Higher ADC values in brain metastases of breast cancer may indicate a poor prognosis, so DTI findings could play a role in planning appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Yurtsever
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutfullah Sari
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Gultekin
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Toprak
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haci Mehmet Turk
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Altay Aliyev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdusselim Adil Peker
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Yabaci
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alpay Alkan
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Li W, Newitt DC, Gibbs J, Wilmes LJ, Jones EF, Arasu VA, Strand F, Onishi N, Nguyen AAT, Kornak J, Joe BN, Price ER, Ojeda-Fournier H, Eghtedari M, Zamora KW, Woodard SA, Umphrey H, Bernreuter W, Nelson M, Church AL, Bolan P, Kuritza T, Ward K, Morley K, Wolverton D, Fountain K, Lopez-Paniagua D, Hardesty L, Brandt K, McDonald ES, Rosen M, Kontos D, Abe H, Sheth D, Crane EP, Dillis C, Sheth P, Hovanessian-Larsen L, Bang DH, Porter B, Oh KY, Jafarian N, Tudorica A, Niell BL, Drukteinis J, Newell MS, Cohen MA, Giurescu M, Berman E, Lehman C, Partridge SC, Fitzpatrick KA, Borders MH, Yang WT, Dogan B, Goudreau S, Chenevert T, Yau C, DeMichele A, Berry D, Esserman LJ, Hylton NM. Predicting breast cancer response to neoadjuvant treatment using multi-feature MRI: results from the I-SPY 2 TRIAL. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:63. [PMID: 33298938 PMCID: PMC7695723 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI provides both morphological and functional information regarding breast tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The purpose of this retrospective study is to test if prediction models combining multiple MRI features outperform models with single features. Four features were quantitatively calculated in each MRI exam: functional tumor volume, longest diameter, sphericity, and contralateral background parenchymal enhancement. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between MRI variables and pathologic complete response (pCR). Predictive performance was estimated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The full cohort was stratified by hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status (positive or negative). A total of 384 patients (median age: 49 y/o) were included. Results showed analysis with combined features achieved higher AUCs than analysis with any feature alone. AUCs estimated for the combined versus highest AUCs among single features were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76, 0.86) versus 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.85) in the full cohort, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.92) versus 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.84) in HR-positive/HER2-negative, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.97) versus 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.89) in HR-positive/HER2-positive, 0.83 (95% CI not available) versus 0.75 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.81) in HR-negative/HER2-positive, and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.91) versus 0.75 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.83) in triple negatives. Multi-feature MRI analysis improved pCR prediction over analysis of any individual feature that we examined. Additionally, the improvements in prediction were more notable when analysis was conducted according to cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ella F Jones
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Fredrik Strand
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - John Kornak
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bonnie N Joe
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Rosen
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pulin Sheth
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Karen Y Oh
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Neda Jafarian
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei T Yang
- University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Basak Dogan
- University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Don Berry
- Berry Consultants, LLC, Austin, TX, USA
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Uncovering mutation-specific morphogenic phenotypes and paracrine-mediated vessel dysfunction in a biomimetic vascularized mammary duct platform. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3377. [PMID: 32632100 PMCID: PMC7338408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland is a highly vascularized tissue capable of expansion and regression during development and disease. To enable mechanistic insight into the coordinated morphogenic crosstalk between the epithelium and vasculature, we introduce a 3D microfluidic platform that juxtaposes a human mammary duct in proximity to a perfused endothelial vessel. Both compartments recapitulate stable architectural features of native tissue and the ability to undergo distinct forms of branching morphogenesis. Modeling HER2/ERBB2 amplification or activating PIK3CA(H1047R) mutation each produces ductal changes observed in invasive progression, yet with striking morphogenic and behavioral differences. Interestingly, PI3KαH1047R ducts also elicit increased permeability and structural disorganization of the endothelium, and we identify the distinct secretion of IL-6 as the paracrine cause of PI3KαH1047R-associated vascular dysfunction. These results demonstrate the functionality of a model system that facilitates the dissection of 3D morphogenic behaviors and bidirectional signaling between mammary epithelium and endothelium during homeostasis and pathogenesis.
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Abstract
Background SB3, a biosimilar of Herceptin® (trastuzumab, hereinafter referred to as reference product) is currently approved in the EU, Korea, Australia, the USA, and Brazil for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2-positive early and metastatic breast cancer and HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer. Previously, the biological similarity of SB3 to EU- or US-sourced reference product was assessed using various cell-based and binding assays. Objective In this paper, as a part of its similarity assessment, SB3 was evaluated for additional characteristics related to its molecular mechanism of action (MoA). Methods For extracellular effects of SB3, HER2-overexpressing cancer cell lines were used to assess expression of surface HER2, shedding of the extracellular domain of HER2, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) activity. For intracellular effects, Akt phosphorylation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release were assessed. Additionally, in vitro docetaxel or pertuzumab combination experiments were performed for further characterization; anti-proliferation, HER2/HER3 dimerization inhibition, apoptosis, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays were used. Results It was confirmed that SB3 is highly similar to the reference products on quality attributes related to extracellular/intracellular efficacy. This similarity was also confirmed during combination studies with docetaxel and pertuzumab. Conclusion Overall, the equivalence of SB3 with reference product in MoA-related qualities in in vitro mono- and combination therapy experiments may support clinical bioequivalence of the two substances.
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Luo HB, Du MY, Liu YY, Wang M, Qing HM, Wen ZP, Xu GH, Zhou P, Ren J. Differentiation between Luminal A and B Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer Using Pharmacokinetic Quantitative Parameters with Histogram and Texture Features on Preoperative Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:e35-e44. [PMID: 31151899 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to use pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters with histogram and texture features on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) to differentiate between the luminal A and luminal B molecular subtypes of breast cancer. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the data of 94 patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer. The pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters (Ktrans, Kep, and Ve) with their corresponding histogram and texture features based on preoperative DCE-MRI were obtained. The parameters were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test between the luminal A and luminal B groups, the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive luminal B and HER2-negative luminal B groups, and the lymph node metastasis (LNM)-positive and LNM-negative groups. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for parameters that presented significant between-group differences. RESULTS The maximum values of Ktrans, Kep, and Ve, and the mean and 90th percentile values of Ve were significantly higher in the luminal B group than in the luminal A group. Among the texture features, only skewness of Ktrans significantly differed between the luminal A and B groups. All histogram features of Ktrans were higher in the HER2-positive luminal B group than in the HER2-negative luminal B group. However, no parameter differed between the LNM-positive and LNM-negative groups. CONCLUSION Pharmacokinetic quantitative parameters with histogram and texture features obtained from DCE-MRI are associated with the molecular subtypes of breast cancer, and may serve as potential imaging biomarkers to differentiate between the luminal A and luminal B molecular subtypes.
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Park HS, Ashour D, Elsharoud A, Chugh RM, Ismail N, El Andaloussi A, Al-Hendy A. Towards Cell free Therapy of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Enhances Angiogenesis in Human Ovarian Microvascular Endothelial Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5. [PMID: 32494757 PMCID: PMC7269190 DOI: 10.24966/srdt-2060/100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) refers to an ovarian loss of function in women under the age of 40. Unfortunately, currently, there is no effective treatment available for POI-related infertility. Alternatives such as the use of egg donations are culturally and ethically unacceptable to many couples. Human Bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are known for their ability to differentiate into other cell types, once primed by the organ microenvironment. Importantly MSCs produce a vast array of bioactive factors many of them have been shown to enhance neovascularization in various tissues. Recently, preliminary data from our ongoing clinical trial revealed encouraging preliminary data after autologous MSC engraftment into the ovaries of 2 POI patients with durable elevation in serum estrogen levels and increase in size of treated ovaries sustained up to one-year post cell therapy. In this study, we investigated the action of the mechanisms of MSCs treatment on a POI ovary. We designed an in vitro study using MSC secretome and Human Ovarian Endothelial Cells (HOVECs) to understand the molecular mechanisms by which MSC mediates their angiogenic properties and regenerative effects. Human primary HOVECs were treatment with MSC secretome and examined by FACS for the expression of angiogenesis markers such as Endoglin, Tie-2, and VEGF. The formation of vessels was evaluated by using a 3D Matrigel tubulogenesis assay. We observed that the expression of proliferation marker Ki67 was significantly increased under treatment with MSC secretome in HOVEC cells (P4). MSCs secretome treatment also induced significantly higher expression of several angiogenic markers such as VEGFR2, Tie2/Tek, VE-Cadherin, Endoglin, and VEGF compared to matched control (P4). Furthermore, MSC secretome significantly increased the number of branching points in tubulogenesis assay (P4). Our study suggests that MSC secretome likely contains bioactive factors that can enhance ovarian angiogenesis. Further characterization of these factors can lead to novel therapeutic options for women with premature ovarian insufficiency and other related causes of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Soo Park
- Department of Surgery, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
| | - Dalia Ashour
- Department of Surgery, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA.,Department of Pathology, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
| | - Amro Elsharoud
- Department of Surgery, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
| | - Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Surgery, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
| | | | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Surgery, University at Illinois at Chicago, Medical College, Chicago, USA
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Bae SJ, Ahn SG, Yoon CI, Yang BS, Lee HW, Son EJ, Jeong J. Measuring Tumor Extent Based on Subtypes Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Radiologic-Pathologic Discordance and High Positive Margin Rates in Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:453-463. [PMID: 31598344 PMCID: PMC6769395 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We evaluated the clinical value of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The degree of correlation between pathology size and MRI or ultrasonography (US) size was compared based on breast cancer subtypes. In addition, we investigated the positive margin rates. Methods Patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent preoperative breast MRI and US between 2011 and 2016 were included in the study. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was used to measure the correlation between MRI or US andpathologic tumor extent. Tumor extent was defined as pathologic tumor size, including in situ carcinoma. Margin positivity was assessed based on frozen-section examination. Results A total of 516 patients with a single tumor who underwent BCS were included in the study. The correlation between pathologic size and MRI was significantly higher than that of US (r = 0.6975 vs. 0.6211, p = 0.001). The superiority of MRI over US in measuring the pathologic extent was only observed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC; r = 0.8089 vs. 0.6014, p < 0.001). The agreement between MRI or US and tumor extent was low for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive subtype (MRI: 0.5243, US: 0.4898). Moreover, the positive margin rate was higher in the HER2-positive subtype than in the others (luminal/HER2-negative: 11.6%, HER2-positive: 23.2%, TNBC: 17.8%, p = 0.019). The post hoc analysis showed that the HER2-positive subtype was more likely to show positive margins than the luminal/HER2-negative subtype (p = 0.007). Conclusion Breast MRI was superior to US in the preoperative assessment of the pathologic extent of tumor size; this was most evident in TNBC. For HER2-positive tumors, imaging-pathologic discordance resulted in higher positive margin rates than that with other subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soong June Bae
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Gwe Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Ik Yoon
- Department of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ban Seok Yang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Woo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Son
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Biological correlates of tumor perfusion and its heterogeneity in newly diagnosed breast cancer using dynamic first-pass 18F-FDG PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 47:1103-1115. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04422-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Cats A. No clear role for angiogenesis inhibitors in first-line therapy for stomach cancer. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:323-324. [PMID: 30718071 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30892-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annemieke Cats
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Chen Z, Fu F, Li F, Zhu Z, Yang Y, Chen X, Jia B, Zheng S, Huang C, Miao W. Comparison of [ 99mTc]3PRGD 2 Imaging and [ 18F]FDG PET/CT in Breast Cancer and Expression of Integrin α vβ 3 in Breast Cancer Vascular Endothelial Cells. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 20:846-856. [PMID: 29497956 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the value of 99mtechnetium-three polyethylene glycol spacers-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid ([99mTc]3PRGD2) imaging in diagnosis and staging of breast cancer compared with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) imaging, and to explore the expression of integrin αvβ3 in tumor vascular endothelial cells. PROCEDURES Forty-two women with suspected breast cancer underwent both [99mTc]3PRGD2 imaging and [18F]FDG imaging. Visual analysis was used to assess primary breast lesion, axillary lymph node, and distant metastasis. The tumor-blood (T/B) ratios from [99mTc]3PRGD2 imaging and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) from [18F]FDG imaging were analyzed for breast lesions. Integrin αvβ3 was analyzed through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Forty-five breast lesions were found (malignant, n = 38; benign, n = 7). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of [99mTc]3PRGD2 and [18F]FDG imaging in visual analysis for the breast lesion were 97.4, 87.5, and 95.6 % and 97.4, 71.4, and 93.3 %, respectively (P > 0.05). For semi-quantitative analysis, no significant difference of the area under the curves (AUC) was found in the imaging using the two radiopharmaceuticals (0.880 and 0.955; Z = 0.88, P > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for axillary lymph node metastasis with [99mTc]3PRGD2 and [18F]FDG were 78.05, 99.36, and 94.92 % and 85.37, 98.72, and 95.64 %, respectively (P > 0.05). Nine patients with distant metastases were all detected with the two radiopharmaceuticals. The expression of integrin αvβ3 was correlated with [99mTc]3PRGD2 uptake (r = 0.582, P = 0.001), which were significantly higher in the HER2-positive and stage III-IV patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The prospective study demonstrated that [99mTc]3PRGD2 imaging seems to be valuable for diagnosis of breast cancer and its staging. It may be less sensitive for detecting small lymph node metastatic lesions when compared with [18F]FDG imaging. Integrin αvβ3 in tumor microvessels was associated with the breast cancer subtype and its staging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenying Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing St., Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing St., Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, 350001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Jia
- Medical Isotopes Research Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibing Miao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
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Ma W, Zhao F, Zhou C, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Li N, Xie P. Targeted neoadjuvant therapy in the HER-2-positive breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:379-390. [PMID: 30655674 PMCID: PMC6322707 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s183304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate efficacy and safety of lapatinib or trastuzumab alone or both plus chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer patients with positive HER-2 expression. Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China Academic Journals Database were searched from 1994 through December 2017 using the keywords "breast cancer", "preoperative", "neo-adjuvant", "lapatinib", "pertuzumab", "Herceptin", and "trastuzumab". Results Meta-analysis found that pathological complete response (PCR; risk ratio [RR]=0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93) and tall PCR (tPCR; RR=0.77, 95% CI: 0.67-0.88) of chemotherapy plus lapatinib were significantly less effective or safe compared to that of chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (P<0.05). PCR (RR=1.30, 95% CI: 1.15-1.47) and tPCR (RR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.16-1.50) of chemotherapy plus both lapatinib and trastuzumab were significantly superior to that of chemotherapy plus trastuzumab alone (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in breast reservation rate between chemotherapy plus lapatinib vs chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (RR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.72-1.16) or chemotherapy plus both lapatinib and trastuzumab (RR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.73-1.68, P>0.05). Incidence of diarrhea, hepatic toxicity, and skin rash in the groups of chemotherapy plus lapatinib or chemotherapy plus both lapatinib and trastuzumab was significantly higher than that in chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (P<0.05). Conclusion Efficacy of lapatinib was less than that of trastuzumab, but incidence of adverse effect of lapatinib was higher than that of trastuzumab. Combination of chemotherapy plus both lapatinib and trastuzumab could significantly increase PCR and tPCR in breast cancer patients, but rate of breast conservation, event-free survival, and overall survival was not significantly improved. Incidence of diarrhea, hepatic toxicity, and skin rash was significantly increased in the groups using lapatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fugang Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Changpeng Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yongqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yingchun Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China,
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Wu T, Li J, Wang D, Leng X, Zhang L, Li Z, Jing H, Kang J, Tian J. Identification of a correlation between the sonographic appearance and molecular subtype of invasive breast cancer: A review of 311 cases. Clin Imaging 2019; 53:179-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Quartino AL, Li H, Kirschbrown WP, Mangat R, Wada DR, Garg A, Jin JY, Lum B. Population pharmacokinetic and covariate analyses of intravenous trastuzumab (Herceptin ®), a HER2-targeted monoclonal antibody, in patients with a variety of solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 83:329-340. [PMID: 30467591 PMCID: PMC6394489 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3728-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of the intravenous formulation of trastuzumab, assess the impact of patient and pathological covariates on trastuzumab PK, and perform simulations to support dosing recommendations in special situations. METHODS Serum trastuzumab concentrations were obtained from 1582 patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), early breast cancer (EBC), advanced gastric cancer (AGC), or other tumor types/healthy volunteers in 18 phase I, II, and III trials and analyzed by nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. RESULTS A two-compartment model with parallel linear and nonlinear elimination best described the data. During treatment, linear clearance (CL) dominated, resulting in a total CL of 0.173-0.337 L/day, which is similar to other IgG1 monoclonal antibodies. Covariates influencing CL were baseline body weight, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, gastric cancer, and the presence of liver metastases. MBC and EBC had similar PK parameters, while CL was higher in AGC. Simulations indicated that at least 95% of patients with BC reach concentrations < 1 µg/mL (~ 97% washout) by 7 months. A dose delay in BC or AGC patients of > 1 week would take approximately 6 weeks to get back within steady-state exposure range. CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab PK for the intravenous formulation was well-described across cancer types, disease status, and regimens. No dose adjustment is required for any of the identified patient covariates. A 7-month serum washout period for trastuzumab is recommended. A reloading dose is required if a maintenance dose is missed by > 1 week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica L Quartino
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 463A, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Hanbin Li
- Certara, L.P., 845 Oak Grove Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Ranvir Mangat
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 463A, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.,Insight Rx, 233 Stanyan Street, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - D Russell Wada
- Certara, L.P., 845 Oak Grove Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Amit Garg
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 463A, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jin Y Jin
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 463A, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Bert Lum
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, Mail Stop 463A, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
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Xie T, Zhao Q, Fu C, Bai Q, Zhou X, Li L, Grimm R, Liu L, Gu Y, Peng W. Differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer from other subtypes through whole-tumor histogram analysis on multiparametric MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:2535-2544. [PMID: 30402704 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify triple-negative (TN) breast cancer imaging biomarkers in comparison to other molecular subtypes using multiparametric MR imaging maps and whole-tumor histogram analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 134 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. Whole-tumor histogram-based texture features were extracted from a quantitative ADC map and DCE semi-quantitative maps (washin and washout). Univariate analysis using the Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify significant variables for differentiating TN cancer from other subtypes. The ROC curves were generated based on the significant variables identified from the univariate analysis. The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for subtype differentiation were reported. RESULTS The significant parameters on the univariate analysis achieved an AUC of 0.710 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.562, 0.858) with a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 73.1% at the best cutoff point for differentiating TN cancers from Luminal A cancers. An AUC of 0.763 (95% CI 0.608, 0.917) with a sensitivity of 86.4% and a specificity of 72.2% was achieved for differentiating TN cancers from human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive cancers. Also, an AUC of 0.683 (95% CI 0.556, 0.809) with a sensitivity of 54.5% and a specificity of 83.9% was achieved for differentiating TN cancers from non-TN cancers. There was no significant feature on the univariate analysis for TN cancers versus Luminal B cancers. CONCLUSIONS Whole-tumor histogram-based imaging features derived from ADC, along with washin and washout maps, provide a non-invasive analytical approach for discriminating TN cancers from other subtypes. KEY POINTS • Whole-tumor histogram-based features on MR multiparametric maps can help to assess biological characterization of breast cancer. • Histogram-based texture analysis may predict the molecular subtypes of breast cancer. • Combined DWI and DCE evaluation helps to identify triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Xie
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiufeng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Fu
- MR Applications Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianming Bai
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert Grimm
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajia Gu
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Wu T, Sultan LR, Tian J, Cary TW, Sehgal CM. Machine learning for diagnostic ultrasound of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 173:365-373. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4984-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Phase 1b Study of Trebananib Plus Paclitaxel and Trastuzumab in Patients With HER2-Positive Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2018; 19:47-57. [PMID: 30420181 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trebananib, a peptide-Fc fusion protein, blocks angiogenesis by inhibiting binding of angiopoietin-1/2 to the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2. Trebananib plus trastuzumab and paclitaxel was evaluated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer in an open-label phase 1b clinical study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer received weekly paclitaxel (80 mg/m2), trastuzumab (8 mg/m2 then 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks), and intravenous trebananib (10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg weekly) beginning week 2. The primary end point was the incidence of dose-limiting toxicities. Secondary end points included incidence of adverse events (AEs), pharmacokinetics, and tumor response (objective response and duration of response). RESULTS Forty women were enrolled; 2 experienced dose-limiting toxicities (grade 3 ocular transient ischemic attack [10 mg/kg cohort] and grade 3 elevation in γ-glutamyl transferase [30 mg/kg cohort]). The most common treatment-emergent AEs were peripheral edema (n = 28), diarrhea (n = 27), alopecia (n = 26), fatigue (n = 24), and nausea (n = 24). Maximum observed concentration and area under the concentration-time curve increased proportionally with the trebananib dose. Objective response was confirmed in 31 patients. In the 10 mg/kg cohort, 16 patients (80%) experienced partial response, and none experienced complete response. In the 30 mg/kg cohort, 12 patients (71%) experienced partial response and 3 (18%) experienced complete response. Median (95% confidence interval) duration of response in the 10 and 30 mg/kg cohorts was 12.6 (4.3-20.2) and 16.6 (8.2-not estimable) months, respectively. CONCLUSION This phase 1b study showed that trebananib was tolerated with manageable AEs at a dose up to 30 mg/kg weekly. Trebananib demonstrated anticancer activity, as indicated by objective response and duration of response.
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Arciero C, Somiari S, Shriver C, Brzeski H, Jordan R, Hu H, Ellsworth D, Somiari R. Functional Relationship and Gene Ontology Classification of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080301800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease that still imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. The etiology of breast cancer is not known but significant advances have been made in the area of early detection and treatment. The advent of advanced molecular biology techniques, mapping of the human genome and availability of high throughput genomic and proteomic strategies opens up new opportunities and will potentially lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognostication of breast cancer. Currently, many biomarkers, particularly the hormonal and epidermal growth factor receptors, are being utilized for breast cancer prognosis. Unfortunately, none of the biomarkers in use have sufficient diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive power across all categories and stages of breast cancer. It is recognized that more useful information can be generated if tumors are interrogated with multiple markers. But choosing the right combination of biomarkers is challenging, because 1) multiple pathways are involved, 2) up to 62 genes and their protein products are potentially involved in breast cancer-related mechanisms and 3) the more markers evaluated, the more the time and cost involved. This review summarizes the current literature on selected biomarkers for breast cancer, discusses the functional relationships, and groups the selected genes based on a Gene Ontology™ classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Arciero
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | | | - C.D. Shriver
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
| | - H. Brzeski
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - R. Jordan
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - H. Hu
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
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Rowson-Hodel A, Wald J, Hatakeyama J, O’Neal W, Stonebraker J, VanderVorst K, Saldana M, Borowsky A, Sweeney C, Carraway K. Membrane Mucin Muc4 promotes blood cell association with tumor cells and mediates efficient metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:197-207. [PMID: 28892049 PMCID: PMC5930013 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-4 (Muc4) is a large cell surface glycoprotein implicated in the protection and lubrication of epithelial structures. Previous studies suggest that aberrantly expressed Muc4 can influence the adhesiveness, proliferation, viability and invasiveness of cultured tumor cells, as well as the growth rate and metastatic efficiency of xenografted tumors. Although it has been suggested that one of the major mechanisms by which Muc4 potentiates tumor progression is via its engagement of the ErbB2/HER2 receptor tyrosine kinase, other mechanisms exist and remain to be delineated. Moreover, the requirement for endogenous Muc4 for tumor growth progression has not been previously explored in the context of gene ablation. To assess the contribution of endogenous Muc4 to mammary tumor growth properties, we first created a genetically engineered mouse line lacking functional Muc4 (Muc4ko), and then crossed these animals with the NDL (Neu DeLetion mutant) model of ErbB2-induced mammary tumorigenesis. We observed that Muc4ko animals are fertile and develop normally, and adult mice exhibit no overt tissue abnormalities. In tumor studies, we observed that although some markers of tumor growth such as vascularity and cyclin D1 expression are suppressed, primary mammary tumors from Muc4ko/NDL female mice exhibit similar latencies and growth rates as Muc4wt/NDL animals. However, the presence of lung metastases is markedly suppressed in Muc4ko/NDL mice. Interestingly, histological analysis of lung lesions from Muc4ko/NDL mice revealed a reduced association of disseminated cells with platelets and white blood cells. Moreover, isolated cells derived from Muc4ko/NDL tumors interact with fewer blood cells when injected directly into the vasculature or diluted into blood from wild type mice. We further observed that blood cells more efficiently promote the viability of non-adherent Muc4wt/NDL cells than Muc4ko/NDL cells. Together, our observations suggest that Muc4 may facilitate metastasis by promoting the association of circulating tumor cells with blood cells to augment tumor cell survival in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.R. Rowson-Hodel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - J.H. Wald
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - J. Hatakeyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - W.K. O’Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - J.R. Stonebraker
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - K. VanderVorst
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - M.J. Saldana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - A.D. Borowsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - C. Sweeney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - K.L. Carraway
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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Jahanban-Esfahlan R, Seidi K, Banimohamad-Shotorbani B, Jahanban-Esfahlan A, Yousefi B. Combination of nanotechnology with vascular targeting agents for effective cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2982-2992. [PMID: 28608554 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
As a young science, nanotechnology promptly integrated into the current oncology practice. Accordingly, various nanostructure particles were developed to reduce drug toxicity and allow the targeted delivery of various diagnostic and therapeutic compounds to the cancer cells. New sophisticated nanosystems constantly emerge to improve the performance of current anticancer modalities. Targeting tumor vasculature is an attractive strategy to fight cancer. Though the idea was swiftly furthered from basic science to the clinic, targeting tumor vasculature had a limited potential in patients, where tumors relapse due to the development of multiple drug resistance and metastasis. The aim of this review is to discuss the advantages of nanosystem incorporation with various vascular targeting agents, including (i) endogen anti-angiogenic agents; (ii) inhibitors of angiogenesis-related growth factors; (iii) inhibitors of tyrosine kinase receptors; (iv) inhibitors of angiogenesis-related signaling pathways; (v) inhibitors of tumor endothelial cell-associated markers; and (vi) tumor vascular disrupting agents. We also review the efficacy of nanostructures as natural vascular targeting agents. The efficacy of each approach in cancer therapy is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Banimohamad-Shotorbani
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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45
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Nasir A, Holzer TR, Chen M, Man MZ, Schade AE. Differential expression of VEGFR2 protein in HER2 positive primary human breast cancer: potential relevance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:56. [PMID: 28533703 PMCID: PMC5438568 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0427-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinically relevant predictive biomarkers to tailor anti-angiogenic therapies to breast cancer (BRC) patient subpopulations are an unmet need. Methods We analyzed tumor vascular density and VEGFR2 protein expression in various subsets of primary human BRCs (186 females; Mean age: 59 years; range 33–88 years), using a tissue microarray. Discrete VEGFR2+ and CD34+ tumor vessels were manually scored in invasive ductal, lobular, mixed ductal-lobular and colloid (N = 139, 22, 18, 7) BRC cores. Results The observed CD34+ and VEGFR2+ tumor vascular counts in individual cases were heterogeneous. Mean CD34+ and VEGFR2+ tumor vessel counts were 11 and 3.4 per tumor TMA core respectively. Eighty-nine of 186 (48%) cases had >10 CD34+ tumor vessels, while 97/186 (52%) had fewer CD34+ vessels in each TMA core. Of 169 analyzable cores in the VEGFR2 stained TMA, 90 (53%) showed 1–5 VEGFR2+ tumor vessels/TMA core, while 42/169 (25%) cores had no detectable VEGFR2+ tumor vessels. Thirteen of 169 (8%) cases also showed tumor cell (cytoplasmic/membrane) expression of VEGFR2. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) appeared to be less vascular (Mean VD = 9.8, range 0–34) than other breast cancer subtypes. Overall, VEGFR2+ tumor vessel counts were significantly higher in HER2+ as compared to HR+ (p = 0.04) and TNBC (p = 0.02) tissues. Compared to HER2− cases, HER2+ breast cancers had higher VEGFR2+ tumor vessel counts (p = 0.007). Conclusion Characterization of pathologic angiogenesis in HER2+ breast cancer provides scientific rationale for future investigation of clinical activity of agents targeting the VEGF/VEGFR2 axis in this clinically aggressive breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aejaz Nasir
- Diagnostic and Experimental Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN USA.,Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, DC0424, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA
| | - Timothy R Holzer
- Diagnostic and Experimental Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Mia Chen
- Diagnostic and Experimental Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Michael Z Man
- Oncology Statistics, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Andrew E Schade
- Diagnostic and Experimental Pathology, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN USA
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46
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Dewangan J, Srivastava S, Rath SK. Salinomycin: A new paradigm in cancer therapy. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317695035. [PMID: 28349817 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317695035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary hurdle in the treatment of cancer is acquisition of resistance by the tumor cells toward multiple drugs and selectively targeting the cancer stem cells. This problem was overcome by the chemotherapeutic property of recently discovered drug salinomycin. Exact mechanism of action of salinomycin is not yet known, but there are multiple pathways by which salinomycin inhibits tumor growth. Salinomycin decreases the expression of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter in multidrug resistance cells and interferes with Akt signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, and Notch pathways of cancer progression. Salinomycin selectively targets cancer stem cells. The potential of salinomycin to eliminate both cancer stem cells and therapy-resistant cancer cells may characterize the compound as a novel and an efficient chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Dewangan
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sonal Srivastava
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Genotoxicity Laboratory, Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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47
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Han JH, Jeong HJ, Lee HN, Kwon YJ, Shin HM, Choi Y, Lee S, Oh ST, Kim DI, Jeon S. Erythro-austrobailignan-6 down-regulates HER2/EGFR/integrinβ3 expression via p38 activation in breast cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 24:24-30. [PMID: 28160858 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the benefits from different options of therapy for breast cancer, resistance of the disease to these therapies is rising and a novel agent is needed. Erythro-austrobailignan-6 (EA6) exhibits anti-cancer activity. However, the detailed anti-tumor mechanisms by which EA6 inhibits 4T-1 and MCF-7 cell growth have not been well studied. PURPOSE In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor properties of EA6 on breast carcinoma and its accompanying mechanisms. METHODS The cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of EA6 were measured in breast cancer cell lines of 4T-1 and MCF-7. The role of EA6 on cell proliferation and migration was examined by immunoblotting. The anti-tumor activity of EA6 was assessed in mice inoculated with 4T-1 breast cancer cells. RESULTS EA6 increased the number of Annexin V-positive apoptotic bodies and cleaved form of caspase-3 in a dose-dependent manner and phosphorylated JNK and p38 in both cells. Moreover, EA6 down-regulated cell cycle dependent proteins of CDK-4 and cyclin D1, and increased G0/G1 population in both cells. EA6-induced apoptosis is mediated by p38 MAPK and caspase-3 activation in both cells. EA6 significantly reduced HER2/EGFR/integrin β3 expression and Src phosphorylation, which was dependent on p38 MAPK activation in 4T-1 and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, we confirmed the down-regulation of topoisomerases by EA6 treatment, but the overall effects of EA6 on topoisomerase isotype were cell type specific. Finally, EA6 (20mg/kg/day) significantly reduced mammary tumor volume in 4T-1 bearing mice by down-regulating HER2/EGFR/integrin β3 expression in tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our results offer a novel insight into the mechanism of EA6-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We propose that EA6 treatment resulted in the activation of p38 MAPK and caspase-3, which eventually participated in regulating apoptosis in 4T-1 and MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Han
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Jin Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Na Lee
- Natural Product Bank of Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medical Industry, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Ju Kwon
- Natural Product Bank of Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medical Industry, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Mook Shin
- Natural Product Bank of Korea Promotion Institute for Traditional Medical Industry, 94, Hwarang-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yura Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongmi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Tack Oh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 27, Dongguk-ro, Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Simvastatin inhibits tumor angiogenesis in HER2-overexpressing human colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 85:418-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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49
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Kim SH, Lee HS, Kang BJ, Song BJ, Kim HB, Lee H, Jin MS, Lee A. Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Perfusion Parameters as Imaging Biomarkers of Angiogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168632. [PMID: 28036342 PMCID: PMC5201289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment is the leading factor in angiogenesis. Angiogenesis can be identified by dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI (DCE MRI). Here we investigate the relationship between perfusion parameters on DCE MRI and angiogenic and prognostic factors in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Perfusion parameters (Ktrans, kep and ve) of 81 IDC were obtained using histogram analysis. Twenty-fifth, 50th and 75th percentile values were calculated and were analyzed for association with microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and conventional prognostic factors. Correlation between MVD and ve50 was positive (r = 0.33). Ktrans50 was higher in tumors larger than 2 cm than in tumors smaller than 2 cm. In multivariate analysis, Ktrans50 was affected by tumor size and MVD with 12.8% explanation. There was significant association between Ktrans50 and tumor size and MVD. Therefore we conclude that DCE MRI perfusion parameters are potential imaging biomarkers for prediction of tumor angiogenesis and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Sil Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Joo Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Song
- Deparment of General Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Bin Kim
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Coordinating Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunyong Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Coordinating Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Jin
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahwon Lee
- Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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50
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Wang J, Li G, Wang Y, Tang S, Sun X, Feng X, Li Y, Bao G, Li P, Mao X, Wang M, Liu P. Suppression of tumor angiogenesis by metformin treatment via a mechanism linked to targeting of HER2/HIF-1α/VEGF secretion axis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44579-92. [PMID: 26625311 PMCID: PMC4792577 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenesis is currently considered as one of the major antitumor strategies for its protective effects against tumor emergency and later progression. The anti-diabetic drug metformin has been demonstrated to significantly inhibit tumor angiogenesis based on recent studies. However, the mechanism underlying this anti-angiogenic effect still remains an enigma. In this study, we investigated metformin-induced inhibitory effect on tumor angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Metformin pretreatment significantly suppressed tumor paracrine signaling-induced angiogenic promotion even in the presence of heregulin (HRG)-β1 (a co-activator of HER2) pretreatment of HER2+ tumor cells. Similar to that of AG825, a specific inhibitor of HER2 phosphorylation, metformin treatment decreased both total and phosphorylation (Tyr 1221/1222) levels of HER2 protein and significantly reduced microvessel density and the amount of Fitc-conjugated Dextran leaking outside the vessel. Furthermore, our results of VEGF-neutralizing and -rescuing tests showed that metformin markedly abrogated HER2 signaling-induced tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF secretion. Inhibition of HIF-1α signaling by using RNAi or YC-1, a specific inhibitor of HIF-1α synthesis, both completely diminished mRNA level of VEGF and greatly inhibited endothelial cell proliferation promoted by HER2+ tumor cell-conditioned medium in both the absence and presence of HRG-β1 pretreatment. Importantly, metformin treatment decreased the number of HIF-1α nucleus positive cells in 4T1 tumors, accompanied by decreased microvessel density. Our data thus provides novel insight into the mechanism underlying the metformin-induced inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and indicates possibilities of HIF-1α-VEGF signaling axis in mediating HER2-induced tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Guangyue Li
- Department of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Yaochun Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Shouching Tang
- Breast Cancer Program and Interdisciplinary Translational Research Team, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, Georgia, 30912, United States of America.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Pingping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Xiaona Mao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Maode Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710061, P.R.China
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