1
|
López-Herrero R, Sánchez-de Prada L, Tamayo-Velasco A, Heredia-Rodríguez M, Bardají Carrillo M, Jorge Monjas P, de la Varga-Martínez O, Resino S, Sarmentero-López de Quintana G, Gómez-Sánchez E, Tamayo E. Epidemiology of fungal infection in COVID 19 in Spain during 2020 and 2021: a nationwide study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5203. [PMID: 38433130 PMCID: PMC10909879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54340-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We realize a nationwide population-based retrospective study to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of fungal co-infections in COVID-19 hospitalized patients as well as describe their causative agents in the Spanish population in 2020 and 2021. Data were obtained from records in the Minimum Basic Data Set of the National Surveillance System for Hospital Data in Spain, provided by the Ministry of Health, and annually published with two years lag. The assessment of the risk associated with the development of healthcare-associated fungal co-infections was assessed using an adjusted logistic regression model. The incidence of fungal co-infection in COVID-19 hospitalized patients was 1.41%. The main risk factors associated were surgery, sepsis, age, male gender, obesity, and COPD. Co-infection was associated with worse outcomes including higher in-hospital and in ICU mortality, and higher length of stay. Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. were the microorganisms more frequent. This is the first study analyzing fungal coinfection at a national level in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Spanish population and one of the few studies available that demonstrate that surgery was an independent risk factor of Aspergillosis coinfection in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R López-Herrero
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - L Sánchez-de Prada
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - A Tamayo-Velasco
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.
- Haematology and Hemotherapy Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Heredia-Rodríguez
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - M Bardají Carrillo
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - P Jorge Monjas
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - O de la Varga-Martínez
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Sarmentero-López de Quintana
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
| | - E Gómez-Sánchez
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - E Tamayo
- BioCritic, Group for Biomedical Research in Critical Care Medicine, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003, Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hillman E, Fu H, Obid R, Anele UA. Genitourinary Blastomycosis in a Young Male Patient: A Case Report and Review of Diagnostic Challenges. Case Rep Infect Dis 2023; 2023:4713948. [PMID: 38148871 PMCID: PMC10751171 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4713948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Disseminated blastomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that rarely manifests with genitourinary involvement. We present a unique case of a 28-year-old professional male gamer with a remote history of hemoptysis and cervical lymphadenopathy who presented with hematospermia, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and persistent groin abscesses after left orchiectomy at an outside hospital. He underwent drainage of groin abscess and prostate biopsy for an abnormal digital rectal exam which revealed disseminated blastomycosis requiring systemic, long-term antifungal treatment. We have also included a review of literature to note clinical patterns in presentations and highlight the diagnostic challenges that this infection presents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hillman
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40217, USA
| | - Hangcheng Fu
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40217, USA
| | - Randa Obid
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40217, USA
| | - Uzoma A. Anele
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40217, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Blastomycosis is an endemic infection caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, found primarily in the southeastern, south-central, and Midwest United States. While the majority of infections typically present with pulmonary manifestations, they rarely present with symptoms isolated to the prostate. In order to better understand the clinical presentation, evaluation, and treatment of blastomycosis of the prostate, we present a 59-year-old male with urinary retention and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
Collapse
|
4
|
Naeem M, Menias CO, Cail AJ, Zulfiqar M, Ballard DH, Pickhardt PJ, Kim DH, Lubner MG, Mellnick VM. Imaging Spectrum of Granulomatous Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis. Radiographics 2021; 41:783-801. [PMID: 33861648 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A granuloma is a compact organization of mature macrophages that forms because of persistent antigenic stimulation. At the microscopic level, granulomas can undergo various morphologic changes, ranging from necrosis to fibrosis, which along with other specialized immune cells define the appearance of the granulomatous process. Accordingly, the imaging features of granulomatous diseases vary and can overlap with those of other diseases, such as malignancy, and lead to surgical excisions and biopsy. However, given the heterogeneity of granulomas as a disease group, it is often hard to make a diagnosis on the basis of the histopathologic features of granulomatous diseases alone owing to overlapping microscopic features. Instead, a multidisciplinary approach is often helpful. Radiologists need to be familiar with the salient clinical manifestations and imaging findings of granulomatous diseases to generate an appropriate differential diagnosis. ©RSNA, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Christine O Menias
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Austin J Cail
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Maria Zulfiqar
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - David H Ballard
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Perry J Pickhardt
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - David H Kim
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Meghan G Lubner
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| | - Vincent M Mellnick
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.N., A.J.C., M.Z., D.H.B., V.M.M.); Division of Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Ariz (C.O.M.); and Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wis (P.J.P., D.H.K., M.G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Madero-Morales PA, Ruiz-Galindo E, Arrambide-Herrera JG, Robles-Torres JI, Guajardo-Garza R, García-Chapa EG, Gómez-Guerra LS, Arrambide-Gutiérrez G. Testicular Coccidioidomycosis as the Initial Manifestation of Disseminated Disease. Urology 2020; 136:e30-e33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Kokoska L, Kloucek P, Leuner O, Novy P. Plant-Derived Products as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents in Human Health Care. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5501-5541. [PMID: 30182844 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180831144344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A number of papers reporting antimicrobial properties of extracts, essential oils, resins and various classes of compounds isolated from higher plants have been published in recent years; however, a comprehensive analysis of plant-derived antimicrobial agents currently applied in practice for the improvement of human health is still lacking. This review summarizes data on clinical efficacy, antimicrobial effects and the chemistry of commercially available antibacterial and antifungal agents of plant origin currently used in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal, oral, respiratory, skin, and urinary infections. As a result of an analysis of the literature, more than 40 plant-derived over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, cosmetics, herbal medicines, and functional foods containing complex mixtures (e.g. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract, Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, and Pistacia lentiscus resin), pure compounds (e.g. benzoic acid, berberine, eucalyptol, salicylic acid and thymol) as well as their derivatives and complexes (e.g. bismuth subsalicylate and zinc pyrithione) have been identified. The effectiveness of many of these products is illustrated by results of clinical trials and supported by data on there in vitro antimicrobial activity. A broad spectrum of various commercial products currently available on the market and their welldocumented clinical efficacy suggests that plants are prospective sources for the identification of new types of antimicrobial agents in future. Innovative approaches and methodologies for effective proof-of-concept research and the development of new types of plant-derived products effective against recently emerging problems related to human microbial diseases (e.g. antimicrobial resistance) are also proposed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kloucek
- Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Leuner
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Novy
- Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague - Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vahidi S, Beckman A, Albrecht K, Arbefeville S, Ferrieri P, Amin K. Urinary tract blastomycosis diagnosed by urine cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 46:698-701. [PMID: 29573229 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract blastomycosis is an uncommon manifestation of disseminated Blastomyces infection. Here, we report a 50-year-old male with common variable immunodeficiency who presented with urinary symptoms and a renal mass concerning for a kidney neoplasm. Urine cytology revealed typical broad-based budding yeasts with thick-walled refractile capsules, leading to diagnosis of urinary tract blastomycosis. In this case, urine cultures were negative, and urine cytology was the main method of diagnosis of blastomycosis. Thus, urine cytology represents a rapid and reliable method of diagnosing blastomycosis, which in the current case led to prompt treatment of this potentially life threatening infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shifteh Vahidi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Amy Beckman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kellen Albrecht
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sophie Arbefeville
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Patricia Ferrieri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Khalid Amin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Bilateral primary renal aspergillosis is rare in immunocompetent hosts. The clinical presentation of Aspergillus pyelonephritis is similar to that of bacterial pyelonephritis. Here, we present an immunocompetent patient with primary bilateral renal abscesses due to Aspergillus fumigatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Das
- Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Atul Ramchandra More
- Division of Critical Care, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Iyadurai
- Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rare Dysuria: Prostatic Abscess due to Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis. Urol Case Rep 2016; 9:12-4. [PMID: 27617214 PMCID: PMC5011169 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis with formation of a prostatic abscess in a 28-year-old diabetic male. Though rare, Coccidiodes prostatitis should be included in the differential for patients who have spent time in endemic areas and present with prostatitis or other genitourinary tract symptoms, especially in the setting of immunocompromise. The small number of Coccidiodes prostatitis cases described in the literature previously are reviewed, along with a wider discussion of coccidioidomycosis. Treatment modalities for this challenging fungal disease are also discussed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Toner L, Papa N, Aliyu SH, Dev H, Lawrentschuk N, Al-Hayek S. Candida growth in urine cultures: a contemporary analysis of species and antifungal susceptibility profiles. QJM 2016; 109:325-9. [PMID: 26537955 PMCID: PMC4888329 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent publications suggest the distribution of Candida species causing candiduria may vary geographically, which has implications for the continued efficacy of antifungal therapy and emerging resistance. AIM To investigate the incidence of Candiduria at a university hospital in the UK. Further, to assess the distribution of species and the accompanying antifungal susceptibility profile, in order to monitor the clinical utility of current antifungal treatment guidelines for candiduria so that patients receive the best possible outcomes from the most up to date care. DESIGN Retrospective audit. METHODS From 1st January 2005 to 31st October 2014, we retrospectively reviewed 37 538 positive urine cultures recorded in a computerized laboratory results database. Identification and susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK® 2 fungal susceptibility card (bioMérieux, Marcy d'Etoile, France). RESULTS In total, 96 cultures were positive for Candida species, of which 69 (72%) were C.albicans, which translates to a prevalence of 2.6 per 1000 positive urine cultures. Candiduria was more common in younger patients, males and catheterized females. We report 94 and 73% of isolates of C.albicans and other non-C.albicans Candida species were susceptible to fluconazole. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B. CONCLUSIONS Our results add weight to the evidence supporting current European and North American guidelines recommending fluconazole or amphotericin B for treatment of candiduria, if antifungal treatment is clinically indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Toner
- From the Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Papa
- From the Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - H Dev
- Department of Urology, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - N Lawrentschuk
- From the Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samih Al-Hayek
- Department of Urology, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Badiee P. Evaluation of human body fluids for the diagnosis of fungal infections. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:698325. [PMID: 23984401 PMCID: PMC3747334 DOI: 10.1155/2013/698325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Because the etiologic agents of these infections are abundant in nature, their isolation from biopsy material or sterile body fluids is needed to document infection. This review evaluates and discusses different human body fluids used to diagnose fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Badiee
- Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Avenue, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Complications of Fungal Cystitis. CURRENT BLADDER DYSFUNCTION REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-013-0191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Lionakis MS, Samonis G, Kontoyiannis DP. Endocrine and metabolic manifestations of invasive fungal infections and systemic antifungal treatment. Mayo Clin Proc 2008; 83:1046-60. [PMID: 18775205 DOI: 10.4065/83.9.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Systemic fungal infections are increasingly reported in immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancies, recipients of bone marrow and solid organ allografts, and patients with AIDS. Mycoses may infiltrate endocrine organs and adversely affect their function or produce metabolic complications, such as hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, pancreatitis, hypoadrenalism, hypogonadism, hypernatremia or hyponatremia, and hypercalcemia. Antifungal agents used for prophylaxis and/or treatment of mycoses also have adverse endocrine and metabolic effects, including hypoadrenalism, hypogonadism, hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia. Herein, we review how mycoses and conventional systemic antifungal treatment can affect the endocrine system and cause metabolic abnormalities. If clinicians are equipped with better knowledge of the endocrine and metabolic complications of fungal infections and antifungal therapy, they can more readily recognize them and favorably affect outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michail S Lionakis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen T, Legendre AM, Bass C, Mays SE, Odoi A. A case-control study of sporadic canine blastomycosis in Tennessee, USA. Med Mycol 2008; 46:843-52. [DOI: 10.1080/13693780802140915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
16
|
Etienne M, Caron F. [Management of fungal urinary tract infections]. Presse Med 2007; 36:1899-906. [PMID: 17544611 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2006.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 12/31/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal urinary tract infections (funguria) are rare in community medicine, but common in hospitals where 10 to 30% of urine cultures isolate Candida species. Clinical features vary from asymptomatic urinary tract colonization (the most common situation) to cystitis, pyelonephritis, or even severe sepsis with fungemia. The pathologic nature of funguria is closely related to host factors, and management depends mainly on the patient's underlying health status. Microbiological diagnosis of funguria is usually based on a fungal concentration of more than 10(3)/mm(3) in urine. No cutoff point has been defined for leukocyte concentration in urine. Candida albicans is the most commonly isolated species, but previous antifungal treatment and previous hospitalization affect both species and susceptibility to antifungal agents. Treatment is recommended only when funguria is symptomatic or in cases of fungal colonization when host factors increase the risk of fungemia. The antifungal agents used for funguria are mainly fluconazole and amphotericin B deoxycholate, because other drugs have extremely low concentrations in urine. Primary and secondary preventions are essential. The reduction of risk factors requires removing urinary catheters, limiting antibiotic treatment, and optimizing diabetes mellitus treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Etienne
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Groupe de Recherche sur les Antimicrobiens et les Micro-Organismes [EA2656-IFR23], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Rouen, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Watts B, Argekar P, Saint S, Kauffman CA. Clinical problem-solving. Building a diagnosis from the ground up--a 49-year-old man came to the clinic with a 1-week history of suprapubic pain and fever. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:1456-62. [PMID: 17409328 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcps055322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brook Watts
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Pediatric urinary tract infections are common. These infections have been recognized as a source of acute morbidity and long-term medical consequences in adulthood. There are various risk factors and clinical presentations in children with urinary tract infections. The main objectives in management include prompt diagnosis, appropriate antimicrobial therapy, identification of anatomic anomalies, and, in select patients, long-term follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Chang
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, S-287, Stanford, CA 94305-2200, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Meazza A, Pachera F, Oreste P, Marzorati G. Cryptococcosis. Urologia 2006. [DOI: 10.1177/039156030607300408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A case of cryptococcosis is presented in this review: its prostatic localization is considered to be extremely unusual. The relevant diagnostic course and therapeutic treatment are discussed, taking into account the fact that this mycotic infectious disease occurs in immunodepressed subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Meazza
- SC di Urologia, Dipartimento di Chirurgia Polispecialistico
| | - F. Pachera
- SC di Urologia, Dipartimento di Chirurgia Polispecialistico
| | - P.L. Oreste
- SC di Anatomia ed Istologia, Azienda Ospedaliera, Ospedale Niguarda-CÀ Granda, Milano
| | - G. Marzorati
- SC di Urologia, Dipartimento di Chirurgia Polispecialistico
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Varghese JC, Hahn PF, Harisinghani MG, Hayat SM, Gervais DA, Hooper DC, Mueller PR. Fungus-infected Fluid Collections in Thorax or Abdomen: Effectiveness of Percutaneous Catheter Drainage. Radiology 2005; 236:730-8. [PMID: 16040928 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2362031044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous catheter drainage in the treatment of fungus-infected fluid collections in the thorax or abdomen and to identify any factor that may be predictive of a poor clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Approval for this study was obtained from the hospital ethics subcommittee on human studies. Because the study was retrospective, patient informed consent was not required. This study was compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Retrospective analysis was performed of cases of fungus-infected fluid collections in the thorax or abdomen treated by using percutaneous catheter drainage in 60 patients (36 male and 24 female patients; mean age, 57 years; range, 2 months to 91 years) during 5 years. The patient medical records were reviewed to identify recognized factors for predisposition to fungal infection. The details of percutaneous catheter drainage and microbiologic findings were recorded. The technical success (ability of catheters placed to drain collections treated) and the clinical success (ability of patients to recover fully without surgery) of percutaneous catheter drainage were determined. A multifactor logistic regression analysis was performed to identify any clinical or microbiologic factor predictive of a poor clinical outcome. RESULTS Seventy-three fungus-infected fluid collections were drained in 60 patients. The collections originated from the pleura (n = 6), mediastinum (n = 2), liver (n = 3), pancreas (n = 5), obstructed biliary or urinary tract (n = 9), gallbladder (n = 1), and abdominopelvic area (n = 47). The technical success rate for catheter drainage was 79% (41 of 52 patients); the clinical success rate, 57% (34 of 60 patients). Twenty (33%) patients died from all causes during hospital admission. Multifactor logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of a poor clinical outcome; complexity of collection, history of malignancy, and admission to intensive care unit were significant (P < .03) and independent predictors. CONCLUSION Despite a moderately high technical success rate with percutaneous catheter drainage of fungus-infected fluid collections, clinical success rate was much lower. Both imaging appearance (complexity of collection) and clinical factors (history of malignancy, admission to intensive care unit) influenced prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Varghese
- Department of Radiology and Infectious Diseases Division, Infection Control Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, White 270-E, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Dykes
- Department of Radiology, 59th Medical Wing, Wilford Hall Medical Center, 2200 Bergquist Dr., Ste. 1, Lackland AFB, TX 78236-5300, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Halsey ES, Rasnake MS, Hospenthal DR. Coccidioidomycosis of the male reproductive tract. Mycopathologia 2005; 159:199-204. [PMID: 15770443 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-004-6260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coccidioides immitis infection of the male reproductive tract is a rare entity that can evade diagnosis and pose a dilemma in management. Initially, patients are often evaluated for malignancy or other infections such as tuberculosis. In the past, surgery was the only management option for C. immitis infection of the male reproductive tract, but azole therapy now provides an adjunct or an alternative. We describe two patients who received azole therapy for C. immitis infection of the male reproductive tract. One received fluconazole for prostatic disease, while one received surgery followed by itraconazole for testicular disease. After 12 months of therapy, both remain asymptomatic and have decreased antibody titers against C. immitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric S Halsey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- JOSEPH C. LIAO
- From the Department of Urology, University California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - ROBERT E. REITER
- From the Department of Urology, University California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS PRESENTING AS TESTICULAR MASS. J Urol 2001. [DOI: 10.1097/00005392-200110000-00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
25
|
Rabii R, Hoznek A, Salomon L, Bourg S, Chopin DK, Abbou CC. Polykystose rénale siège d'aspergillose traitée par néphrectomie rétropéritonéale laparoscopique. ANNALES D'UROLOGIE 2001; 35:101-3. [PMID: 11355277 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4401(01)00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We reported an uncommon case of 40 years old man, cardiac transplant recipient with chronic renal faillure who consulted for infected left polycystic renal. The serum creatinine level was 750 mmol/L, and urine culture isolated a E. Ecol germe. The abdominopelvic computed tomography showed a bilateral large polycystic renal cortex and suspected the infected cyst in lower pole of left kidney. The retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed confirming a renal invasive aspergillosa. About this case we should have a high index of suspicion for fungal aetiology in kidney infection in transplant patients and the management of non functioning infected polycystic kidney can use laparoscopic retroperitoneal nephrectomy. This approach can offers a minimal morbidity and alternative to open surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rabii
- Service d'urologie, hôpital Henri Mondor, 51, avenue du maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|