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Shaban S, Patel M, Ahmad A. Antifungal activity of human antimicrobial peptides targeting apoptosis in Candida auris. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73. [PMID: 38743468 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Innovative antifungal therapies are of crucial importance to combat the potentially life-threatening infections linked to the multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen Candida auris. Induction of regulated cell death, apoptosis, could provide an outline for future therapeutics. Human antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), well-known antifungal compounds, have shown the ability to induce apoptosis in pathogenic fungi.Hypothesis/Gap Statement . Although it is known that AMPs possess antifungal activity against C. auris, their ability to induce apoptosis requires further investigations.Aim. This study evaluated the effects of AMPs on the induction of apoptosis in C. auris.Methods. Human neutrophil peptide-1 (HNP-1), human β-Defensins-3 (hBD-3) and human salivary histatin 5 (His 5) were assessed against two clinical C. auris isolates. Apoptosis hallmarks were examined using FITC-Annexin V/PI double labelling assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labelling (TUNEL) to detect phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation, respectively. Then, several intracellular triggers were studied using JC-10 staining, spectrophotometric assay and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining to measure the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome-c release and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively.Results and conclusion. FITC-Annexin V/PI staining and TUNEL analysis revealed that exposure of C. auris cells to HNP-1 and hBD-3 triggered both early and late apoptosis, while His 5 caused significant necrosis. Furthermore, HNP-1 and hBD-3 induced significant mitochondrial membrane depolarization, which resulted in substantial cytochrome c release. In contrast to His 5, which showed minimal mitochondrial depolarization and no cytochrome c release. At last, all peptides significantly increased ROS production, which is related to both types of cell death. Therefore, these peptides represent promising and effective antifungal agents for treating invasive infections caused by multidrug-resistant C. auris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Shaban
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Mrudula Patel
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
- Division of Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Lucas DR, Damica FZ, Toledo EB, Cogo AJD, Okorokova-Façanha AL, Gomes VM, de Oliveira Carvalho A. Bioinspired peptides induce different cell death mechanisms against opportunistic yeasts. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:649-672. [PMID: 37076595 PMCID: PMC10115610 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The management of fungal diseases imposes an urgent need for the development of effective antifungal drugs. Among new drug candidates are the antimicrobial peptides, and especially their derivatives. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of action of three bioinspired peptides against the opportunistic yeasts Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans. We assessed morphological changes, mitochondrial functionality, chromatin condensation, ROS production, activation of metacaspases, and the occurrence of cell death. Our results indicated that the peptides induced sharply contrasting death kinetics, of 6 h for RR and 3 h for D-RR to C. tropicalis and 1 h for WR to C. albicans. Both peptide-treated yeasts exhibited increased ROS levels, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, cell size reduction, and chromatin condensation. RR and WR induced necrosis in C. tropicalis and C. albicans, but not D-RR in C. tropicalis. The antioxidant ascorbic acid reverted the toxic effect of RR and D-RR, but not WR, suggesting that instead of ROS there is a second signal triggered that leads to yeast death. Our data suggest that RR induced a regulated accidental cell death in C. tropicalis, D-RR induced a programmed cell death metacaspase-independent in C. tropicalis, while WR induced an accidental cell death in C. albicans. Our results were obtained with the LD100 and within the time that the peptides induce the yeast death. Within this temporal frame, our results allow us to gain clarity on the events triggered by the peptide-cell interaction and their temporal order, providing a better understanding of the death process induced by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Ribeiro Lucas
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Filipe Zaniratti Damica
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Estefany Braz Toledo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônio Jesus Dorighetto Cogo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Anna Lvovna Okorokova-Façanha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Valdirene Moreira Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - André de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil.
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Cui Y, Wang D, Nobile CJ, Dong D, Ni Q, Su T, Jiang C, Peng Y. Systematic identification and characterization of five transcription factors mediating the oxidative stress response in Candida albicans. Microb Pathog 2024; 187:106507. [PMID: 38145792 PMCID: PMC10872297 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes superficial and systemic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. In response to C. albicans infection, innate immune cells of the host produce and accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to irreversible damage and apoptosis of fungal cells. Several transcription factors involved in this oxidative stress response have been identified; however, a systematic study to identify the transcription factors that mediate the oxidative stress response has not yet been conducted. Here, we screened a comprehensive transcription factor mutant library consisting of 211 transcription factor deletion mutant strains in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potent ROS inducer, and identified five transcription factors (Skn7, Dpb4, Cap1, Dal81, and Stp2) that are sensitive to H2O2. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling revealed that H2O2 induces a discrete set of differentially regulated genes among the five identified transcription factor mutant strains. Functional enrichment analysis identified KEGG pathways pertaining to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and ribosome synthesis as the most enriched pathways. GO term analysis of the top common differentially expressed genes among the transcription factor mutant strains identified hexose catabolism and iron transport as the most enriched GO terms upon exposure to H2O2. This study is the first to systematically identify and characterise the transcription factors involved in the response to H2O2. Based on our transcriptional profiling results, we found that exposure to H2O2 modulates several downstream genes involved in fungal virulence. Overall, this study sheds new light on the metabolism, physiological functions, and cellular processes involved in the H2O2-induced oxidative stress response in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daosheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Clarissa J Nobile
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USA; Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongxuan Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yibing Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Mukherjee M, Jana CK, Das N. Oxidation of biological molecules with age and induced oxidative stress in different growth phases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023; 116:353-365. [PMID: 36749507 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the mechanistic approaches for explaining ageing is the oxidative stress theory of ageing. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used as a model to study ageing due to many factors. We have attempted to investigate if the differential ability to withstand oxidative stress can be correlated with their lifespans. In all the four strains studied (AP22, 699, 8C, and SP4), there was no age-associated increases in lipid peroxidation levels measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Under induced oxidative stress conditions, there was an increased TBARS level in both the ages assessed with a quantum-fold increase in the stationary phase cells of AP22. In contrast, the late stationary phase cells of 8C exhibited the least susceptibility to induced oxidative stress. The level of TBARS in both exponential and late stationary phase cells of 699 was overall more than that in the other three strains. Protein carbonylation increased with age in 8C and 699. Induced stress increased carbonylation in the exponential cells of SP4 and 699 and the stationary phase cells of all four strains. Protein carbonylation data indicate that the AP22 cells exhibit decreased protein carbonylation vis-à-vis the other strains. Induced stress data showed that while the exponential cells of 699 are susceptible, the late stationary phase cells of 699 are most resistant. Western blotting analysis using anti-HNE antibodies showed two proteins of molecular mass ~ 56 and ~ 84 kDa that were selectively modified with age in all the strains. Under induced stress conditions, an additional protein of ~ 69 kDa was oxidized. Our investigation shows that the difference in lifespan between the four strains of S. cerevisiae may be regulated by oxidative stress. Knowledge of the identity of the oxidized proteins will significantly facilitate a better understanding of the effect of oxidative stress conditions on the cells of S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumathan Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India
- St. Teresa School, Santiniketan, Dist. Birbhum, 731235, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Purash-Kanpur Haridas Nandi Mahavidyalaya, P.O. Kanpur, Howrah, West Bengal, 711410, India
| | - Nilanjana Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India.
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Kato T, Takahashi T. Studies on the Genetic Characteristics of the Brewing Yeasts Saccharomyces: A Review. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2022.2134972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kato
- Brewing Science Laboratories, Asahi Quality and Innovations Ltd, Moriya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Core Technology Laboratories, Asahi Quality and Innovations Ltd, Moriya, Japan
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Li S, Feng X, Zhang X, Xie S, Ma F. Phospholipid and antioxidant responses of oleaginous fungus Cunninghamella echinulata against hydrogen peroxide stress. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 731:109447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Ribeiro RA, Bourbon-Melo N, Sá-Correia I. The cell wall and the response and tolerance to stresses of biotechnological relevance in yeasts. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953479. [PMID: 35966694 PMCID: PMC9366716 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In industrial settings and processes, yeasts may face multiple adverse environmental conditions. These include exposure to non-optimal temperatures or pH, osmotic stress, and deleterious concentrations of diverse inhibitory compounds. These toxic chemicals may result from the desired accumulation of added-value bio-products, yeast metabolism, or be present or derive from the pre-treatment of feedstocks, as in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates. Adaptation and tolerance to industrially relevant stress factors involve highly complex and coordinated molecular mechanisms occurring in the yeast cell with repercussions on the performance and economy of bioprocesses, or on the microbiological stability and conservation of foods, beverages, and other goods. To sense, survive, and adapt to different stresses, yeasts rely on a network of signaling pathways to modulate the global transcriptional response and elicit coordinated changes in the cell. These pathways cooperate and tightly regulate the composition, organization and biophysical properties of the cell wall. The intricacy of the underlying regulatory networks reflects the major role of the cell wall as the first line of defense against a wide range of environmental stresses. However, the involvement of cell wall in the adaptation and tolerance of yeasts to multiple stresses of biotechnological relevance has not received the deserved attention. This article provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in fine-tuning cell wall physicochemical properties during the stress response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their implication in stress tolerance. The available information for non-conventional yeast species is also included. These non-Saccharomyces species have recently been on the focus of very active research to better explore or control their biotechnological potential envisaging the transition to a sustainable circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. Ribeiro
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Bourbon-Melo
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Kang X, Zhang J, Xu Y, Zhang X, Cui F, Li H. Knocking-out ARO80 promotes the intracellular ROS accumulation through weakening MAPK pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Para-Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol Delays the Progression of Neurodegenerative Diseases in Models of Caenorhabditis elegans through Activating Multiple Cellular Protective Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8986287. [PMID: 35401930 PMCID: PMC8989581 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8986287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine Gastrodia elata (commonly called “Tianma” in Chinese) has been widely used in the treatment of rheumatism, epilepsy, paralysis, headache, and dizziness. Phenolic compounds, such as gastrodin, para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and vanillin are the main bioactive components isolated from Gastrodia elata. These compounds not only are structurally related but also share similar pharmacological activities, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, and effects on the treatment of aging-related diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of para-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA) on neurodegenerative diseases and aging in models of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results showed that HBA effectively delayed the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease in models of C. elegans. In addition, HBA could increase the average lifespan of N2 worms by more than 25% and significantly improve the age-related physiological functions of worms. Moreover, HBA improved the survival rate of worms under stresses of oxidation, heat, and pathogenic bacteria. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that HBA could activate FOXO/DAF-16 and SKN-1 to regulate antioxidative and xenobiotic metabolism pathway. HBA could also activate HSF-1 to regulate proteostasis maintenance pathway, mitochondrial unfolded stress response, endoplasmic stress response and autophagy pathways. The above results suggest that HBA activated multiple cellular protective pathways to increase stress resistance and protect against aging and aging-related diseases. Overall, our study indicates that HBA is a potential candidate for future development of antiaging pharmaceutical application.
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Kocaefe-Özşen N, Yilmaz B, Alkım C, Arslan M, Topaloğlu A, Kısakesen HLB, Gülsev E, Çakar ZP. Physiological and Molecular Characterization of an Oxidative Stress-Resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain Obtained by Evolutionary Engineering. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:822864. [PMID: 35283819 PMCID: PMC8911705 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.822864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major stress type observed in yeast bioprocesses, resulting in a decrease in yeast growth, viability, and productivity. Thus, robust yeast strains with increased resistance to oxidative stress are in highly demand by the industry. In addition, oxidative stress is also associated with aging and age-related complex conditions such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as a model eukaryote, has been used to study these complex eukaryotic processes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress responses and resistance are unclear. In this study, we have employed evolutionary engineering (also known as adaptive laboratory evolution – ALE) strategies to obtain an oxidative stress-resistant and genetically stable S. cerevisiae strain. Comparative physiological, transcriptomic, and genomic analyses of the evolved strain were then performed with respect to the reference strain. The results show that the oxidative stress-resistant evolved strain was also cross-resistant against other types of stressors, including heat, freeze-thaw, ethanol, cobalt, iron, and salt. It was also found to have higher levels of trehalose and glycogen production. Further, comparative transcriptomic analysis showed an upregulation of many genes associated with the stress response, transport, carbohydrate, lipid and cofactor metabolic processes, protein phosphorylation, cell wall organization, and biogenesis. Genes that were downregulated included those related to ribosome and RNA processing, nuclear transport, tRNA, and cell cycle. Whole genome re-sequencing analysis of the evolved strain identified mutations in genes related to the stress response, cell wall organization, carbohydrate metabolism/transport, which are in line with the physiological and transcriptomic results, and may give insight toward the complex molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazlı Kocaefe-Özşen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahtiyar Yilmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceren Alkım
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mevlüt Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alican Topaloğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil L Brahim Kısakesen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdinç Gülsev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Petek Çakar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Dr. Orhan Öcalgiray Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Genetics Research Center (ITU-MOBGAM), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Interaction of TOR and PKA Signaling in S. cerevisiae. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020210. [PMID: 35204711 PMCID: PMC8961621 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
TOR and PKA signaling are the major growth-regulatory nutrient-sensing pathways in S. cerevisiae. A number of experimental findings demonstrated a close relationship between these pathways: Both are responsive to glucose availability. Both regulate ribosome production on the transcriptional level and repress autophagy and the cellular stress response. Sch9, a major downstream effector of TORC1 presumably shares its kinase consensus motif with PKA, and genetic rescue and synthetic defects between PKA and Sch9 have been known for a long time. Further, studies in the first decade of this century have suggested direct regulation of PKA by TORC1. Nonetheless, the contribution of a potential direct cross-talk vs. potential sharing of targets between the pathways has still not been completely resolved. What is more, other findings have in contrast highlighted an antagonistic relationship between the two pathways. In this review, I explore the association between TOR and PKA signaling, mainly by focusing on proteins that are commonly referred to as shared TOR and PKA targets. Most of these proteins are transcription factors which to a large part explain the major transcriptional responses elicited by TOR and PKA upon nutrient shifts. I examine the evidence that these proteins are indeed direct targets of both pathways and which aspects of their regulation are targeted by TOR and PKA. I further explore if they are phosphorylated on shared sites by PKA and Sch9 or when experimental findings point towards regulation via the PP2ASit4/PP2A branch downstream of TORC1. Finally, I critically review data suggesting direct cross-talk between the pathways and its potential mechanism.
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Chu J, Gao J, Wang J, Li L, Chen G, Dang J, Wang Z, Jin Z, Liu X. Mechanism of hydrogen on cervical cancer suppression revealed by high‑throughput RNA sequencing. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:141. [PMID: 34080660 PMCID: PMC8165587 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is considered one of the diseases with the highest mortality among women and with limited treatment options. Hydrogen (H2) inhalation has been reported to have a variety of tumor-suppressive effects, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, HeLa cervical cancer cells and HaCaT keratinocytes treated with H2, and a HeLa xenograft mouse model subjected to H2 inhalation were established. TUNEL, Cell Counting Kit-8 and Ki67 staining assays were used to detect cell apoptosis and proliferation. Oxidative stress was determined according to the levels of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase. Tumor growth was recorded every 3 days, and the excised tumors were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. High-throughput RNA sequencing and subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were performed in HeLa-treated and un-treated HeLa cells. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and NF-κB p65 was verified by western blotting, immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results revealed an increased apoptosis rate, and reduced cell proliferation and oxidative stress in H2-treated HeLa cells but not in HaCaT cells. Similarly, decreased tumor growth and cell proliferation, and enhanced cell apoptosis were observed in H2-treated HeLa tumors. RNA sequencing and GO analysis suggest that downregulated HIF1A (HIF-1α mRNA) and RelA (NF-κB p65) levels, and reduced NF-κB signaling were associated with the antitumor effect of H2. Finally, decreased HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 expression both at the transcriptional and translational levels were observed in H2-treated HeLa cells and in HeLa-derived tumors. In conclusion, the present study reveals a novel mechanism of H2 against cervical cancer, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jinghai Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Dang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
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Protective Effects of a Lutein Ester Prodrug, Lutein Diglutaric Acid, against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094722. [PMID: 33946898 PMCID: PMC8125252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced cell damage and death of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), a polarized monolayer that maintains retinal health and homeostasis, lead to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Several studies show that the naturally occurring antioxidant Lutein (Lut) can protect RPE cells from oxidative stress. However, the poor solubility and low oral bioavailability limit the potential of Lut as a therapeutic agent. In this study, lutein diglutaric acid (Lut-DG), a prodrug of Lut, was synthesized and its ability to protect human ARPE-19 cells from oxidative stress was tested compared to Lut. Both Lut and Lut-DG significantly decreased H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protected RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced death. Moreover, the immunoblotting analysis indicated that both drugs exerted their protective effects by modulating phosphorylated MAPKs (p38, ERK1/2 and SAPK/JNK) and downstream molecules Bax, Bcl-2 and Cytochrome c. In addition, the enzymatic antioxidants glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidant glutathione (GSH) were enhanced in cells treated with Lut and Lut-DG. In all cases, Lut-DG was more effective than its parent drug against oxidative stress-induced damage to RPE cells. These findings highlight Lut-DG as a more potent compound than Lut with the protective effects against oxidative stress in RPE cells through the modulation of key MAPKs, apoptotic and antioxidant molecular pathways.
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Parcheta M, Świsłocka R, Orzechowska S, Akimowicz M, Choińska R, Lewandowski W. Recent Developments in Effective Antioxidants: The Structure and Antioxidant Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1984. [PMID: 33921014 PMCID: PMC8071393 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the last few years, the growing interest in the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants as functional food ingredients and dietary supplements, is observed. The imbalance between the number of antioxidants and free radicals is the cause of oxidative damages of proteins, lipids, and DNA. The aim of the study was the review of recent developments in antioxidants. One of the crucial issues in food technology, medicine, and biotechnology is the excess free radicals reduction to obtain healthy food. The major problem is receiving more effective antioxidants. The study aimed to analyze the properties of efficient antioxidants and a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of antioxidant processes. Our researches and sparing literature data prove that the ligand antioxidant properties complexed by selected metals may significantly affect the free radical neutralization. According to our preliminary observation, this efficiency is improved mainly by the metals of high ion potential, e.g., Fe(III), Cr(III), Ln(III), Y(III). The complexes of delocalized electronic charge are better antioxidants. Experimental literature results of antioxidant assays, such as diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing activity power assay (FRAP), were compared to thermodynamic parameters obtained with computational methods. The mechanisms of free radicals creation were described based on the experimental literature data. Changes in HOMO energy distribution in phenolic acids with an increasing number of hydroxyl groups were observed. The antioxidant properties of flavonoids are strongly dependent on the hydroxyl group position and the catechol moiety. The number of methoxy groups in the phenolic acid molecules influences antioxidant activity. The use of synchrotron techniques in the antioxidants electronic structure analysis was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Parcheta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Renata Świsłocka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.P.); (W.L.)
| | - Sylwia Orzechowska
- Solaris National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Krakow, Poland;
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Akimowicz
- Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology–State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (M.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Renata Choińska
- Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agriculture and Food Biotechnology–State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland; (M.A.); (R.C.)
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.P.); (W.L.)
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15
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Sun S, Gresham D. Cellular quiescence in budding yeast. Yeast 2021; 38:12-29. [PMID: 33350503 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular quiescence, the temporary and reversible exit from proliferative growth, is the predominant state of all cells. However, our understanding of the biological processes and molecular mechanisms that underlie cell quiescence remains incomplete. As with the mitotic cell cycle, budding and fission yeast are preeminent model systems for studying cellular quiescence owing to their rich experimental toolboxes and the evolutionary conservation across eukaryotes of pathways and processes that control quiescence. Here, we review current knowledge of cell quiescence in budding yeast and how it pertains to cellular quiescence in other organisms, including multicellular animals. Quiescence entails large-scale remodeling of virtually every cellular process, organelle, gene expression, and metabolic state that is executed dynamically as cells undergo the initiation, maintenance, and exit from quiescence. We review these major transitions, our current understanding of their molecular bases, and highlight unresolved questions. We summarize the primary methods employed for quiescence studies in yeast and discuss their relative merits. Understanding cell quiescence has important consequences for human disease as quiescent single-celled microbes are notoriously difficult to kill and quiescent human cells play important roles in diseases such as cancer. We argue that research on cellular quiescence will be accelerated through the adoption of common criteria, and methods, for defining cell quiescence. An integrated approach to studying cell quiescence, and a focus on the behavior of individual cells, will yield new insights into the pathways and processes that underlie cell quiescence leading to a more complete understanding of the life cycle of cells. TAKE AWAY: Quiescent cells are viable cells that have reversibly exited the cell cycle Quiescence is induced in response to a variety of nutrient starvation signals Quiescence is executed dynamically through three phases: initiation, maintenance, and exit Quiescence entails large-scale remodeling of gene expression, organelles, and metabolism Single-cell approaches are required to address heterogeneity among quiescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA
| | - David Gresham
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA.,Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, 10003, USA
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Smethurst DGJ, Kovalev N, McKenzie ER, Pestov DG, Shcherbik N. Iron-mediated degradation of ribosomes under oxidative stress is attenuated by manganese. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:17200-17214. [PMID: 33040024 PMCID: PMC7863898 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein biosynthesis is fundamental to cellular life and requires the efficient functioning of the translational machinery. At the center of this machinery is the ribosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that depends heavily on Mg2+ for structure. Recent work has indicated that other metal cations can substitute for Mg2+, raising questions about the role different metals may play in the maintenance of the ribosome under oxidative stress conditions. Here, we assess ribosomal integrity following oxidative stress both in vitro and in cells to elucidate details of the interactions between Fe2+ and the ribosome and identify Mn2+ as a factor capable of attenuating oxidant-induced Fe2+-mediated degradation of rRNA. We report that Fe2+ promotes degradation of all rRNA species of the yeast ribosome and that it is bound directly to RNA molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Mn2+ competes with Fe2+ for rRNA-binding sites and that protection of ribosomes from Fe2+-mediated rRNA hydrolysis correlates with the restoration of cell viability. Our data, therefore, suggest a relationship between these two transition metals in controlling ribosome stability under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G J Smethurst
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nikolay Kovalev
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA
| | - Erica R McKenzie
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dimitri G Pestov
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA
| | - Natalia Shcherbik
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan University, School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey, USA.
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17
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Kovač V, Poljšak B, Primožič J, Jamnik P. Are Metal Ions That Make up Orthodontic Alloys Cytotoxic, and Do They Induce Oxidative Stress in a Yeast Cell Model? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217993. [PMID: 33121155 PMCID: PMC7662645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compositions of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, cobalt-chromium and β-titanium orthodontic alloys were simulated with mixtures of Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Ti and Mo metal ions as potential oxidative stress-triggering agents. Wild-type yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and two mutants ΔSod1 and ΔCtt1 were used as model organisms to assess the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress occurrence. Metal mixtures at concentrations of 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µM were prepared out of metal chlorides and used to treat yeast cells for 24 h. Every simulated orthodontic alloy at 1000 µM was cytotoxic, and, in the case of cobalt-chromium alloy, even 100 µM was cytotoxic. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage were detected for stainless steel and both cobalt-chromium alloys at 1000 µM in wild-type yeast and 100 µM in the ΔSod1 and ΔCtt1 mutants. Simulated nickel-titanium and β-titanium alloy did not induce oxidative stress in any of the tested strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Kovač
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (B.P.)
| | - Borut Poljšak
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (B.P.)
| | - Jasmina Primožič
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Polona Jamnik
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva ulica 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-3203-729
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18
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Sunyer-Figueres M, Vázquez J, Mas A, Torija MJ, Beltran G. Transcriptomic Insights into the Effect of Melatonin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Presence and Absence of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E947. [PMID: 33019712 PMCID: PMC7650831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a ubiquitous indolamine that plays important roles in various aspects of biological processes in mammals. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, melatonin has been reported to exhibit antioxidant properties and to modulate the expression of some genes involved in endogenous defense systems. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of supplemented melatonin at the transcriptional level in S. cerevisiae in the presence and absence of oxidative stress. This was achieved by exposing yeast cells pretreated with different melatonin concentrations to hydrogen peroxide and assessing the entry of melatonin into the cell and the yeast response at the transcriptional level (by microarray and qPCR analyses) and the physiological level (by analyzing changes in the lipid composition and mitochondrial activity). We found that exogenous melatonin crossed cellular membranes at nanomolar concentrations and modulated the expression of many genes, mainly downregulating the expression of mitochondrial genes in the absence of oxidative stress, triggering a hypoxia-like response, and upregulating them under stress, mainly the cytochrome complex and electron transport chain. Other categories that were enriched by the effect of melatonin were related to transport, antioxidant activity, signaling, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The overall results suggest that melatonin is able to reprogram the cellular machinery to achieve tolerance to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María-Jesús Torija
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Grup de Biotecnologia Enològica, Facultat d’Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1. 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain; (M.S.-F.); (J.V.); (A.M.); (G.B.)
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19
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Tondini F, Onetto CA, Jiranek V. Early adaptation strategies of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Torulaspora delbrueckii to co-inoculation in high sugar grape must-like media. Food Microbiol 2020; 90:103463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2020.103463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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De Oliveira DMP, Forde BM, Kidd TJ, Harris PNA, Schembri MA, Beatson SA, Paterson DL, Walker MJ. Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens. Clin Microbiol Rev 2020; 23:788-99. [PMID: 32404435 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant ESKAPE ( Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) pathogens represent a global threat to human health. The acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes by ESKAPE pathogens has reduced the treatment options for serious infections, increased the burden of disease, and increased death rates due to treatment failure and requires a coordinated global response for antimicrobial resistance surveillance. This looming health threat has restimulated interest in the development of new antimicrobial therapies, has demanded the need for better patient care, and has facilitated heightened governance over stewardship practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M P De Oliveira
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian M Forde
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy J Kidd
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Patrick N A Harris
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark A Schembri
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott A Beatson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - David L Paterson
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark J Walker
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
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21
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Mukherjee M, Nandi A, Chandra K, Saikia SK, Jana CK, Das N. Protein extraction from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at different growth phases. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 172:105906. [PMID: 32240705 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an established model organism with a well characterized genome. However, this model presents a unique problem due to a very resistant cell wall which develops in the late stationary phase resulting in sub-optimal extraction of proteins from such cells using majority of the cell lysis protocols. In this study, several methods from the literature with modifications thereof for lysis of S. cerevisiae cells were analyzed for their suitability for redox proteomics and biological activity studies of both exponential and late stationary phase cultures. The protocols applied are glass bead lysis, sonication, their combinations, alkali extraction, hot-SDS extraction methods and their modifications. The glass bead lysis method showed low yield but could be convenient in cases where in vitro processing steps post extraction is required or if only hydrophilic proteins are of interest. Hot-SDS and alkali extraction protocols yielded higher amount of proteins and these methods are potentially suitable for Western blotting and redox proteomic studies but allow no post-processing treatment(s) on the extracts which may be required for aging- and oxidative stress-related or other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumathan Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India.
| | - Ankita Nandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Krishna Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Surjya Kumar Saikia
- Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Purash-Kanpur Haridas Nandi Mahavidyalaya, P.O. Kanpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711410, India.
| | - Nilanjana Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India.
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22
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Evolutionary Engineering of an Iron-Resistant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutant and Its Physiological and Molecular Characterization. Microorganisms 2019; 8:microorganisms8010043. [PMID: 31878309 PMCID: PMC7023378 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in all organisms and is involved in the structure of many biomolecules. It also regulates the Fenton reaction where highly reactive hydroxyl radicals occur. Iron is also important for microbial biodiversity, health and nutrition. Excessive iron levels can cause oxidative damage in cells. Saccharomyces cerevisiae evolved mechanisms to regulate its iron levels. To study the iron stress resistance in S. cerevisiae, evolutionary engineering was employed. The evolved iron stress-resistant mutant “M8FE” was analysed physiologically, transcriptomically and by whole genome re-sequencing. M8FE showed cross-resistance to other transition metals: cobalt, chromium and nickel and seemed to cope with the iron stress by both avoidance and sequestration strategies. PHO84, encoding the high-affinity phosphate transporter, was the most down-regulated gene in the mutant, and may be crucial in iron-resistance. M8FE had upregulated many oxidative stress response, reserve carbohydrate metabolism and mitophagy genes, while ribosome biogenesis genes were downregulated. As a possible result of the induced oxidative stress response genes, lower intracellular oxidation levels were observed. M8FE also had high trehalose and glycerol production levels. Genome re-sequencing analyses revealed several mutations associated with diverse cellular and metabolic processes, like cell division, phosphate-mediated signalling, cell wall integrity and multidrug transporters.
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C16-Fengycin A affect the growth of Candida albicans by destroying its cell wall and accumulating reactive oxygen species. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8963-8975. [PMID: 31630240 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common clinical pathogenic fungus, which is highly susceptible to immunodeficiency. Development of novel antifungal agents has become a growing trend in the treatment of Candida infections. C16-Fengycin A, a lipopeptide isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fmb60 showed significant fungicidal activity against C. albicans. In the study, we explored the possible antifungal mode of C16-Fengycin A. It was predicted that C16-Fengycin A had the ability to disrupt the cell wall due to its alterations of cell ultrastructure, and reduction of cell wall hydrophobicity. This was further confirmed by the changes in the exposure of the cell wall components and down-regulation of the genes related in the cell wall synthesis. Meanwhile, with the treatment of C16-Fengycin A, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction in the cells. We hypothesized that the antifungal mechanism of C16-Fengycin A might be via the destruction of the cell wall and the accumulation of ROS, which could activate the High-Osmolarity Glycerol Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (HOG-MAPK) pathway. Our findings indicated that C16-Fengycin A could be a potential antifungal agent that could be used to treat candida infections.
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Sublethal Pyrethroid Insecticide Exposure Carries Positive Fitness Effects Over Generations in a Pest Insect. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11320. [PMID: 31383885 PMCID: PMC6683203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress tolerance and adaptation to stress are known to facilitate species invasions. Many invasive species are also pests and insecticides are used to control them, which could shape their overall tolerance to stress. It is well-known that heavy insecticide usage leads to selection of resistant genotypes but less is known about potential effects of mild sublethal insecticide usage. We studied whether stressful, sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure has within-generational and/or maternal transgenerational effects on fitness-related traits in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and whether maternal insecticide exposure affects insecticide tolerance of offspring. Sublethal insecticide stress exposure had positive within-and transgenerational effects. Insecticide-stressed larvae had higher adult survival and higher adult body mass than those not exposed to stress. Furthermore, offspring whose mothers were exposed to insecticide stress had higher larval and pupal survival and were heavier as adults (only females) than those descending from control mothers. Maternal insecticide stress did not explain differences in lipid content of the offspring. To conclude, stressful insecticide exposure has positive transgenerational fitness effects in the offspring. Therefore, unsuccessful insecticide control of invasive pest species may lead to undesired side effects since survival and higher body mass are known to facilitate population growth and invasion success.
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Development and Validation of Conditions for Extracting Flavonoids Content and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Activities from Bougainvillea x buttiana Bracteas (var. Rose). Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080264. [PMID: 31374928 PMCID: PMC6720492 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study the effect of the ethanol concentration of Bougainvillea x buttiana extracts on the flavonoids content, and its antioxidant and cytoprotective activities in vitro were determined and compared. For the elucidation of the chemical constituents, the high-performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) was used, and verification of the antioxidant activity was carried out using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical method. The cytoprotective effects of extracts were determined by exposure to hydrogen peroxide. The HPLC analysis showed the presence of rutin, quercetin-3-glucoside and quercetin rhamnoside. Among the extracts investigated the best recuperation of the rutin content was observed in extracts with 80% ethanol (83 ± 5 mg/mL). The amounts of rutin present in all extracts contribute to the antioxidant capacity and the IC50 was 427.49 (0%), 275.41 (50%), 271.61 (80%), and 272.14 (100%) µg/mL. The lowest percentage of viability was found in the cultures exposed to 100% ethanol (92%). In cultures exposed to hydrogen peroxide the percentages of protection were 25%, 33%, 78%, and 65% for cultures treated for 72 h at 0%, 50%, 80%, and 100% ethanol, respectively. The ethanolic extract of B. x buttiana was confirmed to have high rutin content with potent antioxidant activity, low cytotoxic and strong cytoprotective effects.
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26
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Muangnoi C, Sharif U, Ratnatilaka Na Bhuket P, Rojsitthisak P, Paraoan L. Protective Effects of Curcumin Ester Prodrug, Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Potential Therapeutic Avenues for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3367. [PMID: 31323999 PMCID: PMC6651864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced damage to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), a specialised post-mitotic monolayer that maintains retinal homeostasis, contributes to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Curcumin (Cur), a naturally occurring antioxidant, was previously shown to have the ability to protect RPE cells from oxidative stress. However, poor solubility and bioavailability makes Cur a poor therapeutic agent. As prodrug approaches can mitigate these limitations, we compared the protective properties of the Cur prodrug curcumin diethyl disuccinate (CurDD) against Cur in relation to oxidative stress induced in human ARPE-19 cells. Both CurDD and Cur significantly decreased H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protected RPE cells from oxidative stress-induced death. Both drugs exerted their protective effects through the modulation of p44/42 (ERK) and the involvement of downstream molecules Bax and Bcl-2. Additionally, the expression of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQO1 was also enhanced in cells treated with CurDD and Cur. In all cases, CurDD was more effective than its parent drug against oxidative stress-induced damage to ARPE-19 cells. These findings highlight CurDD as a more potent drug compared to Cur against oxidative stress and indicate that its protective effects are exerted through modulation of key apoptotic and antioxidant molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawanphat Muangnoi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Umar Sharif
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | | | - Pornchai Rojsitthisak
- Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Luminita Paraoan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
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Vamvakas SS, Kapolos J, Farmakis L, Koskorellou G, Genneos F. Ser625 of msn2 transcription factor is indispensable for ethanol tolerance and alcoholic fermentation process. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2837. [PMID: 31087774 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The genetic modification of yeast strains can be used as an approach for the improvement of ethanol fermentation. msn2p transcription factor is implicated in yeast stress response and its activation is controlled by protein kinase A (PKA). PKA activation inhibits the translocation of msn2p to the nucleus. An in silico analysis of msn2 protein sequence revealed serine residue at position 625 as a potent target of PKA. Thus, substitution of this serine residue with alanine increases the susceptibility of the cells to ethanol challenge reducing IC50 from 3% vol/vol to 2.42% vol/vol. Additionally, cells carrying this substitution were shown a significantly reduced fermentation rate at 30°C and 18°C increasing the total fermentation time by approximately two and three times, respectively. These results clearly indicate that Ser625 is absolutely necessary for yeast to retain its fermentation ability and ethanol tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Kapolos
- Deparment of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Lambros Farmakis
- Deparment of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Gregoria Koskorellou
- Deparment of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Fotios Genneos
- Deparment of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
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Vázquez J, Grillitsch K, Daum G, Mas A, Beltran G, Torija MJ. The role of the membrane lipid composition in the oxidative stress tolerance of different wine yeasts. Food Microbiol 2019; 78:143-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Protective Effect of the Hexanic Extract of Eryngium carlinae Inflorescences In Vitro, in Yeast, and in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8030073. [PMID: 30917540 PMCID: PMC6466845 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the composition and antioxidant activity of the hexanic extract of Eryngium carlinae inflorescences by employing in vitro assays to measure antioxidant capacity and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. We also applied the hexanic extract to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, under hydrogen peroxide-induced stress. Finally, we tested the extract in male Wistar rats with and without streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The compounds in the hexanic extract were analyzed by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry, which revealed mainly terpenes and sesquiterpenes, including (Z)β-farnesene (38.79%), β-pinene (17.53%), calamene (13.3%), and α-farnesene (10.38%). In vitro and in S. cerevisiae, the extract possessed antioxidant activity at different concentrations, compared to ascorbic acid (positive control). In normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats, oral administration of 30 mg/kg of the extract reduced blood glucose levels; lipid peroxidation in liver, kidney and brain; protein carbonylation; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It also increased catalase activity in the brain, kidneys and liver. These findings show that this hexanic extract of E. carlinae inflorescences possessed antioxidant properties.
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Lee W, Woo ER, Lee DG. Effect of apigenin isolated from Aster yomena against Candida albicans: apigenin-triggered apoptotic pathway regulated by mitochondrial calcium signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:19-28. [PMID: 30408533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aster yomena, a perennial herb that grows mainly in South Korea, has been employed in the traditional temple food for antibiotic efficacy. Recently, it was reported that apigenin isolated from A. yomena has a physical antifungal mechanism targeting membrane against Candida albicans. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study aimed to investigate the biochemical responses underlying the antifungal activity of apigenin isolated from A. yomena due to lack studies reporting the investigation of intracellular responses of apigenin in C. albicans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Apigenin was isolated from the aerial parts of A. yomena. To evaluate apigenin-induced inhibitory effects and membrane damages, the measurement of the cell viability assay and the flux of cytosolic components were performed with at various concentrations. Intracellular external potassium and calcium levels were assayed by an ion-selective electrode meter, Fura2-AM and Rhod2-AM, respectively. Mitochondrial dysfunctions were analyzed by using JC-1, Mitotracker Green FM, and MitoSOX Red dye. H2DCFDA, glutathione, and MDA assay were used to detect oxidative damage. Also, flow cytometry was carried out to detect apoptotic hallmarks using Annexin V-PI, TUNEL, and FITC-VAD-FMK staining. Tetraethylammoniumchloride (TEA), Ruthenium red (RR), and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were used as a potassium channel blocker, mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, respectively. RESULTS We confirmed that there was no decrease of cell survival percentages in crude extracts of A. yomena treatment, however, only isolated apigenin has the antifungal effect in C. albicans. Apigenin triggered a dose-dependent mitochondrial calcium uptake followed by mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of the membrane potential and an increase in the mitochondrial mass and ROS. Apigenin also induced intracellular redox imbalance as indicated by the ROS accumulation, glutathione oxidation, and lipid peroxidation. Interestingly, NAC failed the restore the mitochondrial calcium levels and thus alleviate the mitochondrial damages, however, RR reduced the apigenin-induced redox imbalance. Furthermore, apigenin induced apoptosis activation marked by the phosphatidylserine exposure, DNA fragmentation, and caspase activation. The pro-apoptotic effect of apigenin was counteracted by RR and NAC pretreatment. In particular, RR significantly reduced the pro-apoptotic responses. CONCLUSIONS Apigenin isolated from A. yomena induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway, and mitochondrial calcium signaling is main factor in its pathway in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjong Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Rhan Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 375 Seosukdong, Donggu, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Mo W, Wang M, Zhan R, Yu Y, He Y, Lu H. Kluyveromyces marxianus developing ethanol tolerance during adaptive evolution with significant improvements of multiple pathways. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:63. [PMID: 30949239 PMCID: PMC6429784 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kluyveromyces marxianus, the known fastest-growing eukaryote on the earth, has remarkable thermotolerance and capacity to utilize various agricultural residues to produce low-cost bioethanol, and hence is industrially important to resolve the imminent energy shortage crisis. Currently, the poor ethanol tolerance hinders its operable application in the industry, and it is necessary to improve K. marxianus' ethanol resistance and unravel the underlying systematical mechanisms. However, this has been seldom reported to date. RESULTS We carried out a wild-type haploid K. marxianus FIM1 in adaptive evolution in 6% (v/v) ethanol. After 100-day evolution, the KM-100d population was obtained; its ethanol tolerance increased up to 10% (v/v). Interestingly, DNA analysis and RNA-seq analysis showed that KM-100d yeasts' ethanol tolerance improvement was not due to ploidy change or meaningful mutations, but founded on transcriptional reprogramming in a genome-wide range. Even growth in an ethanol-free medium, many genes in KM-100d maintained their up-regulation. Especially, pathways of ethanol consumption, membrane lipid biosynthesis, anti-osmotic pressure, anti-oxidative stress, and protein folding were generally up-regulated in KM-100d to resist ethanol. Notably, enhancement of the secretory pathway may be the new strategy KM-100d developed to anti-osmotic pressure, instead of the traditional glycerol production way in S. cerevisiae. Inferred from the transcriptome data, besides ethanol tolerance, KM-100d may also develop the ability to resist osmotic, oxidative, and thermic stresses, and this was further confirmed by the cell viability test. Furthermore, under such environmental stresses, KM-100d greatly improved ethanol production than the original strain. In addition, we found that K. marxianus may adopt distinct routes to resist different ethanol concentrations. Trehalose biosynthesis was required for low ethanol, while sterol biosynthesis and the whole secretory pathway were activated for high ethanol. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that ethanol-driven laboratory evolution could improve K. marxianus' ethanol tolerance via significant up-regulation of multiple pathways including anti-osmotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-thermic processes, and indeed consequently raised ethanol yield in industrial high-temperature and high-ethanol circumstance. Our findings give genetic clues for further rational optimization of K. marxianus' ethanol production, and also partly confirm the positively correlated relationship between yeast's ethanol tolerance and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Rongrong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yungang He
- Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, Shanghai, 200438 China
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Costa RO, Ferreira SS, Pereira CA, Harmer JR, Noble CJ, Schenk G, Franco RWA, Resende JALC, Comba P, Roberts AE, Fernandes C, Horn A. A New Mixed-Valence Mn(II)Mn(III) Compound With Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase Activities. Front Chem 2018; 6:491. [PMID: 30456211 PMCID: PMC6231112 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, X-ray molecular structure, physico-chemical characterization and dual antioxidant activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) of a new polymeric mixed valence Mn(III)Mn(II) complex, containing the ligand H2BPClNOL (N-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N-(2-pyridylmethyl)[(3-chloro)(2-hydroxy)] propylamine) is described. The monomeric unit is composed of a dinuclear Mn(II)Mn(III) moiety, [Mn(III)(μ-HBPClNOL)(μ-BPClNOL)Mn(II)(Cl)](ClO4)·2H2O, 1, in which the Mn ions are connected by two different bridging groups provided by two molecules of the ligand H2BPClNOL, a phenoxide and an alkoxide group. In the solid state, this mixed valence dinuclear unit is connected to its neighbors through chloro bridges. Magnetic measurements indicated the presence of ferromagnetic [J = +0.076(13) cm−1] and antiferromagnetic [J = −5.224(13) cm−1] interactions. The compound promotes O2•- dismutation in aqueous solution (IC50 = 0.370 μmol dm−3, kcat = 3.6x106 M−1 s−1). EPR studies revealed that a high-valent Mn(III)-O-Mn(IV) species is involved in the superoxide dismutation catalytic cycle. Complex 1 shows catalase activity only in the presence of a base, e.g., piperazine or triethylamine. Kinetic studies were carried out in the presence of piperazine and employing two different methods, resulting in kcat values of 0.58 ± 0.03 s−1 (detection of O2 production employing a Clark electrode) and 2.59 ± 0.12 s−1 (H2O2 consuption recorded via UV-Vis). EPR and ESI-(+)-MS studies indicate that piperazine induces the oxidation of 1, resulting in the formation of the catalytically active Mn(III)-O-Mn(IV) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael O Costa
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | | | - Crystiane A Pereira
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey R Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher J Noble
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gerhard Schenk
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Roberto W A Franco
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Jackson A L C Resende
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Campus Universitário do Araguaia, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Peter Comba
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asha E Roberts
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Adolfo Horn
- Laboratório de Ciências Químicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
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Vázquez J, Grillitsch K, Daum G, Mas A, Torija MJ, Beltran G. Melatonin Minimizes the Impact of Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Saccharomyces and Non-conventional Yeast. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1933. [PMID: 30177925 PMCID: PMC6109679 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is synthesized from tryptophan by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and non-conventional yeast species. Antioxidant properties have been suggested as a possible role of melatonin in a S. cerevisiae wine strain. However, the possible antioxidant melatonin effect on non-Saccharomyces species and other strains of S. cerevisiae must be evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity of melatonin in eight S. cerevisiae strains and four non-conventional yeasts (Torulaspora delbrueckii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Starmerella bacillaris, and Hanseniaspora uvarum). Therefore, the ROS formation, lipid peroxidation, catalase activity, fatty acid composition, and peroxisome proliferation were investigated. The results showed that the presence of melatonin increases peroxisome accumulation and slightly increases the catalase activity. When cells grown in the presence of melatonin were exposed to oxidative stress induced by H2O2, lower ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation were observed in all tested strains. Therefore, the increased catalase activity that was a consequence of oxidative stress was lower in the presence of melatonin. Moreover, the presence of MEL modulates cell FA composition, increasing oleic and palmitoleic acids and leading to higher UFA/SFA ratios, which have been previously related to a higher tolerance to H2O2. These findings demonstrate that melatonin can act as an antioxidant compound in both S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Vázquez
- Oenological Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oenology, University of Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Günther Daum
- Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Mas
- Oenological Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oenology, University of Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Torija
- Oenological Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oenology, University of Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gemma Beltran
- Oenological Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Oenology, University of Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Dotta G, de Andrade JIA, Garcia P, Alves Jesus GF, Mouriño JLP, Mattos JJ, Dias Bainy AC, Martins ML. Antioxidant enzymes, hematology and histology of spleen in Nile tilapia fed supplemented diet with natural extracts challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 79:175-180. [PMID: 29763734 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with the extrats of propolis and Aloe barbadensis (aloe) on the antioxydant enzime activity, hematology and histology of the spleen of Nile tilapia challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Seventy two juvenile Nile tilapia were divided in four treatments and three replicates and fed extract mixture for 15 days: fish fed supplemented diet with 1% of the mixture of extracts of propolis and aloe (1:1) injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); fish fed suplemented diet with 1% of the mixture of extracts of propolis and aloe (1:1) injected with the A. hydrophila, fish fed supplemented diet with the mixture of propolis extracts and aloe, injected with PBS and injected with A. hydrophila. The influence of the supplementation of propolis and Aloe extracts on the immunomodulation in tilapias was observed by the evaluation of the survival of the animals after challenge with A. hydrophila. Non-supplemented fish had a 44.5% survival rate and those supplemented with 1% of the mixture of extracts showed 55.6% survival 7 days after challenge. The supplemented animals also showed a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes in the evaluation of the blood parameters and, consequently, in the histopathological evaluation, presented greater presence of centers of melanomacrophages. In addition, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR) in the spleen presented a significant difference in fish supplemented with 1% of the extracts mixture, being superior in the animals injected with PBS when compared to those challenged with A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovana Dotta
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Inês Alves de Andrade
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Garcia
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Biochemistry Department, CCB, UFSC, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Biochemistry Department, CCB, UFSC, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS-Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Truncation of CYR1 promoter in industrial ethanol yeasts for improved ethanol yield in high temperature condition. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Cold atmospheric pressure plasma causes protein denaturation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:2279-2288. [PMID: 29356871 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8758-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) does not cause thermal damage or generate toxic residues; hence, it is projected as an alternative agent for sterilization in food and pharmaceutical industries. The fungicidal effects of CAP have not yet been investigated as extensively as its bactericidal effects. We herein examined the effects of CAP on yeast proteins using a new CAP system with an improved processing capacity. We demonstrated that protein ubiquitination and the formation of protein aggregates were induced in the cytoplasm of yeast cells by the CAP treatment. GFP-tagged Tsa1 and Ssa1, an H2O2-responsive molecular chaperone and constitutively expressed Hsp70, respectively, formed cytoplasmic foci in CAP-treated cells. Furthermore, Tsa1 was essential for the formation of Ssa1-GFP foci. These results indicate that the denaturation of yeast proteins was caused by CAP, at least partially, in a H2O2-dependent manner. Furthermore, misfolded protein levels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the oligomerization of Ire1, a key sensor of ER stress, were enhanced by the treatment with CAP, indicating that CAP causes ER stress in yeast cells as a specific phenomenon to eukaryotic cells. The pretreatment of yeast cells at 37 °C significantly alleviated cell death caused by CAP. Our results strongly suggest that the induction of protein denaturation is a primary mechanism of the fungicidal effects of CAP.
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Lee W, Lee DG. Reactive oxygen species modulate itraconazole-induced apoptosis via mitochondrial disruption in Candida albicans. Free Radic Res 2017; 52:39-50. [PMID: 29157011 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1407412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Itraconazole (ITC), a well-known fungistatic agent, has potent fungicidal activity against Candida albicans. However, its mechanism of fungicidal activity has not been elucidated yet, and we aimed to identify the mechanism of ITC against C. albicans. ITC caused cell shrinkage via potassium leakage through the ion channel. Since shrunken cells could indicate apoptosis, we investigated apoptotic features. Annexin V-FITC and TUNEL assays indicated that fungicidal activity of ITC was involved in apoptosis. Subsequently, we confirmed an intracellular factor that could cause apoptosis. ITC treatment caused reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. To confirm whether ROS is related with ITC-triggered cell death, cell viability was examined using the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC pretreatment recovered ITC-induced cell death, indicating that antifungal activity of ITC is associated with ROS, which is also confirmed by impaired glutathione-related antioxidant system and oxidized intracellular lipids. Moreover, ITC-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, in turn, triggered cytochrome c release and metacaspase activation, leading to apoptosis. Unlike the only ITC-treatment group, cells with NAC pretreatment did not show significant damage to mitochondria, and attenuated apoptotic features. Therefore, our results suggest that ITC induces apoptosis as fungicidal mechanism, and intracellular ROS is major factor to trigger the apoptosis by ITC in C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjong Lee
- a School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- a School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences , Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
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Pan J, Huang X, Li Y, Li M, Yao N, Zhou Z, Li X. Zinc protects against cadmium-induced toxicity by regulating oxidative stress, ions homeostasis and protein synthesis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:265-273. [PMID: 28886561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread environmental toxin cadmium (Cd) is associated with numerous human diseases. The essential trace element zinc (Zn) strongly counteracts Cd-induced toxicity; however, the mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we conducted RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses to determine the global gene expression profiles of yeast cells exposed to Cd or Cd plus Zn. We identified 912 Cd-induced and 627 Cd plus Zn-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Adding Zn during Cd exposure efficiently reversed the expression of 92.1% of Cd-induced DEGs; that of 48.7% was entirely reversed. Gene Ontology, Cluster of Orthologous Group and KEGG Ontology analyses revealed that the response of yeasts to Cd or Cd plus Zn was mainly involved in metal-specific oxidative stress; energy production and conversion; ion homeostasis and ribosome biogenesis and translation. Exposure of yeasts to Cd plus Zn protected them from oxidative stress by efficiently inhibiting the expression of genes associated with Cd-triggered oxidative stress and preventing the disruption of Fe- and Zn-ion homeostasis and reduced glutathione and partially restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, Zn reduced the intracellular level of Cd to prevent the replacement by Cd of elements required for antioxidant enzyme activity and to protect protein sulphydryl groups against oxidation by free radicals. Further, Zn inhibited the synthesis alterations of Cd-induced ribosomal proteins, S-containing amino acids, S-rich proteins and antioxidant enzymes. Conversely, the investigation results of our study on the yeast model revealed that the Cd-treated protective effects of Zn on Cd-induced toxicity might be partially protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Pan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Xinhe Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Ning Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Xueru Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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Effects of Long-Term Cultivation on Medium with Alpha-Ketoglutarate Supplementation on Metabolic Processes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Aging Res 2017; 2017:8754879. [PMID: 29181198 PMCID: PMC5664334 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8754879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During last years, alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), an important intermediate in the Krebs cycle, has been intensively studied as a dietary supplement with stress-protective and potential antiaging effects. Here, we examined the effects of exogenous AKG on metabolic processes and survival of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during long-term cultivation. Growth on AKG had no effect on the total cell number but increased the number of reproductively active cells at the late days of cultivation (from day 7 to day 15). A gradual increase in levels of total protein, glycogen, and trehalose was found over 7-day cultivation with more pronounced effects in AKG-grown cells. In control cells, metabolic activity and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased, whereas levels of carbonyl proteins and low-molecular-mass thiols increased during 7-day cultivation. This suggests development of oxidative stress in stationary phase cells. Meanwhile, stationary phase cells cultured on AKG possessed higher levels of low-molecular-mass thiols and lower levels of carbonyl proteins and α-dicarbonyl compounds when compared to control ones. Collectively, higher levels of storage carbohydrates and an activation of antioxidant defense with diminishing oxidative protein damage can prevent a loss of reproductive ability in yeast cells during long-term cultivation on AKG-supplemented medium.
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Wang Y, Wei X, Huang J, Wei J. Modification and functional adaptation of the MBF1 gene family in the lichenized fungus Endocarpon pusillum under environmental stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16333. [PMID: 29180801 PMCID: PMC5703946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The multiprotein-bridging factor 1 (MBF1) gene family is well known in archaea, non-lichenized fungi, plants, and animals, and contains stress tolerance-related genes. Here, we identified four unique mbf1 genes in the lichenized fungi Endocarpon spp. A phylogenetic analysis based on protein sequences showed the translated MBF1 proteins of the newly isolated mbf1 genes formed a monophyletic clade different from other lichen-forming fungi and Ascomycota groups in general, which may reflect the evolution of the biological functions of MBF1s. In contrast to the lack of function reported in yeast, we determined that lysine114 in the deduced Endocarpon pusillum MBF1 protein (EpMBF1) had a specific function that was triggered by environmental stress. Further, the Endocarpon-specific C-terminus of EpMBF1 was found to participate in stress tolerance. Epmbf1 was induced by a number of abiotic stresses in E. pusillum and transgenic yeast, and its stress-resistant ability was stronger than that of the yeast mbf1. These findings highlight the evolution and function of EpMBF1 and provide new insights into the co-evolution hypothesis of MBF1 and TATA-box-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10010, China
| | - Xinli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10010, China.
| | - Jenpan Huang
- Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Jiangchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10010, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Zhang K, Jia C, Yu Q, Xiao C, Dong Y, Zhang M, Zhang D, Zhao Q, Zhang B, Li M. Contribution of VMA5 to vacuolar function, stress response, ion homeostasis and autophagy in Candida albicans. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:1147-1166. [PMID: 28879785 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM V-ATPase is a conservative multi-subunit enzyme in eukaryotes and modulates several cellular responses. This study aimed to illustrate the roles of Vma5 in vacuolar function, oxidative stress response, calcium homeostasis, autophagy and virulence. MATERIALS & METHODS The vma5Δ/Δ mutant was obtained using PCR-mediated homologous recombination. The functions of Vma5 were investigated by a series of biochemical and systemic infection methods. RESULTS Disruption of VMA5 led to growth inhibition, vacuolar dysfunction, disturbance of calcium homeostasis and inhibition of calcium-related oxidative stress response. Furthermore, its deletion caused defects in autophagy completion and hyphal development, and resulted in attenuated Candida albicans virulence. CONCLUSION Our findings provide new insights into V-ATPase functions in C. albicans, and reveal a potential candidate for development of antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chang Jia
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenpeng Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yijie Dong
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China.,The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease & Insect Pests, Institute of Plant protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Zoology & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- College of Language & Culture, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Mingchun Li
- Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology & Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300071, China
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Gangloff S, Arcangioli B. DNA repair and mutations during quiescence in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2017; 17:fox002. [PMID: 28087675 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/fox002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Life is maintained through alternating phases of cell division and quiescence. The causes and consequences of spontaneous mutations have been extensively explored in proliferating cells, and the major sources include errors of DNA replication and DNA repair. The foremost consequences are genetic variations within a cell population that can lead to heritable diseases and drive evolution. While most of our knowledge on DNA damage response and repair has been gained through cells actively dividing, it remains essential to also understand how DNA damage is metabolized in cells which are not dividing. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the type of lesions that arise in non-dividing budding and fission yeast cells, as well as the pathways used to repair them. We discuss the contribution of these models to our current understanding of age-related pathologies.
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Vázquez J, González B, Sempere V, Mas A, Torija MJ, Beltran G. Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1066. [PMID: 28663741 PMCID: PMC5471302 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), which is synthesized from tryptophan, is formed during alcoholic fermentation, though its role in yeast is unknown. This study employed Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an eukaryote model to evaluate the possible effects of melatonin supplementation on endogenous cellular defense systems by measuring its effects on various cellular targets. Cell viability, intracellular reduced and oxidized glutathione levels (GSH and GSSG, respectively), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and expression of genes related to antioxidant defense in yeast, such as the glutathione system, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutaredoxin, and thioredoxin, were assessed. Melatonin alone decreased GSH, increased GSSG, and activated antioxidant defense system genes, which reached maximum levels in the stationary phase. These results indicate that melatonin supplementation enables cells to resist better the stress generated in the stationary phase. However, when cells were subjected to oxidative stress induced by H2O2, melatonin was able to partially mitigate cell damage by decreasing ROS accumulation and GSH and increasing GSSG; this was followed by enhanced cell viability after stress exposure, mostly when occurring in the early stationary phase. Additionally, under such conditions, most genes related to endogenous antioxidant defense continued to be up-regulated with melatonin supplementation. The findings demonstrate that melatonin can act as antioxidant in S. cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Vázquez
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
| | - Beatriz González
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
| | - Verónica Sempere
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
| | - Albert Mas
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
| | - María Jesús Torija
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
| | - Gemma Beltran
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona, Spain
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Li QX, Chen X, Wang WL, Meng XG. A copper(II) complex of an asymmetrically N-functionalized derivative of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane: synthesis, crystal structure and SOD activity. J COORD CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2017.1307345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wu-Lun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Gao Meng
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Metal-based superoxide dismutase and catalase mimics reduce oxidative stress biomarkers and extend life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem J 2017; 474:301-315. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process characterized by several biological changes. In this context, oxidative stress appears as a key factor that leads cells and organisms to severe dysfunctions and diseases. To cope with reactive oxygen species and oxidative-related damage, there has been increased use of superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT) biomimetic compounds. Recently, we have shown that three metal-based compounds {[Fe(HPClNOL)Cl2]NO3, [Cu(HPClNOL)(CH3CN)](ClO4)2 and Mn(HPClNOL)(Cl)2}, harboring in vitro SOD and/or CAT activities, were critical for protection of yeast cells against oxidative stress. In this work, treating Saccharomyces cerevisiae with these SOD/CAT mimics (25.0 µM/1 h), we highlight the pivotal role of these compounds to extend the life span of yeast during chronological aging. Evaluating lipid and protein oxidation of aged cells, it becomes evident that these mimics extend the life expectancy of yeast mainly due to the reduction in oxidative stress biomarkers. In addition, the treatment of yeast cells with these mimics regulated the amounts of lipid droplet occurrence, consistent with the requirement and protection of lipids for cell integrity during aging. Concerning SOD/CAT mimics uptake, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, we add new evidence that these complexes, besides being bioabsorbed by S. cerevisiae cells, can also affect metal homeostasis. Finally, our work presents a new application for these SOD/CAT mimics, which demonstrate a great potential to be employed as antiaging agents. Taken together, these promising results prompt future studies concerning the relevance of administration of these molecules against the emerging aging-related diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Huntington's.
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46
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Growth on Alpha-Ketoglutarate Increases Oxidative Stress Resistance in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Microbiol 2017; 2017:5792192. [PMID: 28154578 PMCID: PMC5244014 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5792192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is an important intermediate in cell metabolism, linking anabolic and catabolic processes. The effect of exogenous AKG on stress resistance in S. cerevisiae cells was studied. The growth on AKG increased resistance of yeast cells to stresses, but the effects depended on AKG concentration and type of stressor. Wild-type yeast cells grown on AKG were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and transition metal ions (Fe2+ and Cu2+) but not to ethanol and heat stress as compared with control ones. Deficiency in SODs or catalases abolished stress-protective effects of AKG. AKG-supplemented growth led to higher values of total metabolic activity, level of low-molecular mass thiols, and activities of catalase and glutathione reductase in wild-type cells compared with the control. The results suggest that exogenous AKG may enhance cell metabolism leading to induction of mild oxidative stress. It turn, it results in activation of antioxidant system that increases resistance of S. cerevisiae cells to H2O2 and other stresses. The presence of genes encoding SODs or catalases is required for the expression of protective effects of AKG.
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47
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Rat Aquaporin-5 Is pH-Gated Induced by Phosphorylation and Is Implicated in Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122090. [PMID: 27983600 PMCID: PMC5187890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is a membrane water channel widely distributed in human tissues that was found up-regulated in different tumors and considered implicated in carcinogenesis in different organs and systems. Despite its wide distribution pattern and physiological importance, AQP5 short-term regulation was not reported and mechanisms underlying its involvement in cancer are not well defined. In this work, we expressed rat AQP5 in yeast and investigated mechanisms of gating, as well as AQP5’s ability to facilitate H2O2 plasma membrane diffusion. We found that AQP5 can be gated by extracellular pH in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, with higher activity at physiological pH 7.4. Moreover, similar to other mammalian AQPs, AQP5 is able to increase extracellular H2O2 influx and to affect oxidative cell response with dual effects: whereas in acute oxidative stress conditions AQP5 induces an initial higher sensitivity, in chronic stress AQP5 expressing cells show improved cell survival and resistance. Our findings support the involvement of AQP5 in oxidative stress and suggest AQP5 modulation by phosphorylation as a novel tool for therapeutics.
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48
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Lee W, Woo ER, Lee DG. Phytol has antibacterial property by inducing oxidative stress response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1309-1318. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1241395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wonjong Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Rhan Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK 21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Assunção M, Martins LL, Mourato MP, Baleiras-Couto MM. Effect of selenium on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities of wine related yeasts. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 31:1899-906. [PMID: 26475328 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of supplements in the diet is a common practice to address nutritional deficiencies. Selenium is an essential micronutrient with an antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic role in human and animal health. There is increasing interest in developing nutritional supplements such as yeast cells enriched with selenium. The possibility of producing beverages, namely wine, with selenium-enriched yeasts, led us to investigate the selenium tolerance of six wine related yeasts. The production of such cells may hamper selenium toxicity problems. Above certain concentrations selenium can be toxic inducing oxidative stress and yeast species can show different tolerance. This work aimed at studying selenium tolerance of a diversity of wine related yeasts, thus antioxidant response mechanisms with different concentrations of sodium selenite were evaluated. Viability assays demonstrated that the yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii showed the highest tolerance for the tested levels of 100 µg mL(-1) of sodium selenite. The evaluation of antioxidative enzyme activities showed the best performance for concentrations of 250 and 100 µg mL(-1), respectively for the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora guilliermondii. These results encourage future studies on the possibility to use pre-enriched yeast cells as selenium supplement in wine production.
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50
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Profiling of the toxicity mechanisms of coated and uncoated silver nanoparticles to yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 using a set of its 9 single-gene deletion mutants defective in oxidative stress response, cell wall or membrane integrity and endocytosis. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 35:149-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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