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Sahasrabuddhe VV. Cervical Cancer: Precursors and Prevention. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2024; 38:771-781. [PMID: 38760198 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer, caused due to oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV), is a leading preventable cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally. Chronic, persistent HPV infection-induced cervical precursor lesions, if left undetected and untreated, can progress to invasive cancer. Cervical cancer screening approaches have evolved from cytology (Papanicolaou test) to highly sensitive HPV-based molecular methods and personalized, risk-stratified, management guidelines. Innovations like self-collection of samples to increase screening access, innovative triage methods to optimize management of screen positives, and scalable and efficacious precancer treatment approaches will be key to further enhance the utility of prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant V Sahasrabuddhe
- Breast and Gynecologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 5E-338, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Dull PM, Achilles SL, Ahmed R, Barnabas RV, Campos NG, Chirgwin K, Cohen JA, de Sanjosé S, Doorbar J, Einstein MH, Emerson CI, Gottlieb SL, Hildesheim A, Qiao Y, Ruff P, Sampson JN, Sasieni P, Schiffman M, Shin H, Stanley MA, Trimble CL, Wentzensen N, Riemer AB, Schiller JT, Kreimer AR. Meeting report: Considerations for trial design and endpoints in licensing therapeutic HPV16/18 vaccines to prevent cervical cancer. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00741-2. [PMID: 39004526 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally with a disproportionate impact on women in low- and middle-income countries. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) called for increased vaccination, screening, and treatment to eliminate cervical cancer. However, even with widespread rollout of human papillomavirus (HPV) prophylactic vaccines, millions of women who previously acquired HPV infections will remain at risk for progression to cancer for decades to come. The development and licensing of an affordable, accessible therapeutic HPV vaccine, designed to clear or control carcinogenic HPV and/or to induce regression precancer could significantly contribute to the elimination efforts, particularly benefiting those who missed out on the prophylactic vaccine. One barrier to development of such vaccines is clarity around the regulatory pathway for licensure. In Washington, D.C. on September 12-13, 2023, a meeting was convened to provide input and guidance on trial design with associated ethical and regulatory considerations. This report summarizes the discussion and conclusions from the meeting. Expert presentation topics included the current state of research, potential regulatory challenges, WHO preferred product characteristics, modeling results of impact of vaccine implementation, epidemiology and natural history of HPV infection, immune responses related to viral clearance and/or precancer regression including potential biomarkers, and ethical considerations. Panel discussions were held to explore specific trial design recommendations to support the licensure process for two vaccine indications: (1) treatment of prevalent HPV infection or (2) treatment of cervical precancers. Discussion covered inclusion/exclusion criteria, study endpoints, sample size and power, safety, study length, and additional data needed, which are reported here. Further research of HPV natural history is needed to address identified gaps in regulatory guidance, especially for therapeutic vaccines intended to treat existing HPV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Dull
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | | | | | - Ruanne V Barnabas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Silvia de Sanjosé
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Youlin Qiao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Ruff
- University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Mark Schiffman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haina Shin
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Nicholas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Angelika B Riemer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John T Schiller
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aimée R Kreimer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Gökkaya M, Alcı A, Aytekin O, Unsal M, Cakır C, Oktar O, Yalcin N, Kahraman A, Tokalioglu A, Ersak B, Yıldırım HEK, Koc S, Toptas T, Kilic F, Celik F, Boran N, Ustun Y, Tekin OM, Comert GK, Korkmaz V, Turan T, Ureyen I. Does HPV-18 co-infection increase the risk of cervical pathology in individuals with HPV-16? Cytopathology 2024. [PMID: 38989556 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate differences between HPV-16 mono- and HPV-16/18 co-infections in terms of cervical dysplasia and invasive cancer. METHODS This multicentre, retrospective study spanned from December 2017 to December 2020, involving women who visited gynaecological oncology clinics for colposcopy with either HPV-16 or HPV-16/18 positivity. A total of 736 patients, 670 in Group 1 (HPV-16 positivity) and 66 in Group 2 (HPV-16/18 positivity), were compared for the presence of CIN2+ lesions detected by colposcopic biopsy or endocervical curettage (ECC). Exclusions included hysterectomized patients, those with prior gynaecological cancers, and patients with HPV positivity other than types 16 and 18. RESULTS Among the included patients, 42.4% had a diagnosis of CIN2+ lesions. The cytology results demonstrated abnormal findings in 45.3% in Group 1 and 42.2% in Group 2, with no significant difference between the groups. ECC revealed CIN2+ lesion in 49 (8.7%) patients in group 1, while only 1 (1.7%) patient had CIN2+ lesion in group 2. There was no difference between 2 groups in terms of ECC result (p = 0.052). In group 1, 289 (43.1%) patients had CIN2+ lesion, while 23 (34.8%) patients had CIN2+ lesions in group 2. There was no difference between group 1 and 2 in terms of diagnosis of CIN2+ lesions (p = 0.19). CONCLUSION This multicentre retrospective study found no significant differences between HPV-16 mono- and HPV-16/18 co-infections regarding cervical pathologies. Larger studies are needed to validate and further explore these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gökkaya
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aysun Alcı
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Okan Aytekin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Unsal
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caner Cakır
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Oktar
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Necim Yalcin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alper Kahraman
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alp Tokalioglu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Ersak
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hande Esra Koca Yıldırım
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Koc
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Toptas
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kilic
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Celik
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Boran
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Ustun
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunsu Kimyon Comert
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vakkas Korkmaz
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim, Women's Health and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taner Turan
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isin Ureyen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Antalya, Turkey
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Rasmussen PW, Hoffman RM, Phiri S, Makwaya A, Kominski GF, Bastani R, Moses A, Moucheraud C. Cost-effectiveness of approaches to cervical cancer screening in Malawi: comparison of frequencies, lesion treatment techniques, and risk-stratified approaches. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:792. [PMID: 38982430 PMCID: PMC11234730 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11226-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently-updated global guidelines for cervical cancer screening incorporated new technologies-most significantly, the inclusion of HPV DNA detection as a primary screening test-but leave many implementation decisions at countries' discretion. We sought to develop recommendations for Malawi as a test case since it has the second-highest cervical cancer burden globally and high HIV prevalence. We incorporated updated epidemiologic data, the full range of ablation methods recommended, and a more nuanced representation of how HIV status intersects with cervical cancer risk and exposure to screening to model outcomes of different approaches to screening. METHODS Using a Markov model, we estimate the relative health outcomes and costs of different approaches to cervical cancer screening among Malawian women. The model was parameterized using published data, and focused on comparing "triage" approaches-i.e., lesion treatment (cryotherapy or thermocoagulation) at differing frequencies and varying by HIV status. Health outcomes were quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and deaths averted. The model was built using TreeAge Pro software. RESULTS Thermocoagulation was more cost-effective than cryotherapy at all screening frequencies. Screening women once per decade would avert substantially more deaths than screening only once per lifetime, at relatively little additional cost. Moreover, at this frequency, it would be advisable to ensure that all women who screen positive receive treatment (rather than investing in further increases in screening frequency): for a similar gain in QALYs, it would cost more than four times as much to implement once-per-5 years screening with only 50% of women treated versus once-per-decade screening with 100% of women treated. Stratified screening schedules by HIV status was found to be an optimal approach. CONCLUSIONS These results add new evidence about cost-effective approaches to cervical cancer screening in low-income countries. At relatively infrequent screening intervals, if resources are limited, it would be more cost-effective to invest in scaling up thermocoagulation for treatment before increasing the recommended screening frequency. In Malawi or countries in a similar stage of the HIV epidemic, a stratified approach that prioritizes more frequent screening for women living with HIV may be more cost-effective than population-wide recommendations that are HIV status neutral.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Risa M Hoffman
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of California Los Angeles, 885 Tiverton Drive, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sam Phiri
- Partners in Hope, Area 36 Plot 8, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Amos Makwaya
- Partners in Hope, Area 36 Plot 8, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Gerald F Kominski
- Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Roshan Bastani
- Fielding School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Agnes Moses
- Partners in Hope, Area 36 Plot 8, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Corrina Moucheraud
- School of Global Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy and Management, New York University, 708 Broadway, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
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Reich O, Regauer S, Lara Gutierrez A, Kashofer K. Copy number profiling implicates thin high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions as a true precursor of cervical human papillomavirus-induced squamous cell cancer. J Transl Med 2024:102108. [PMID: 38977078 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.102108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Full-thickness high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) are precursors of invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The World Health Organization (WHO) and Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology (LAST) Standardization Project for human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated lesions divide full-thickness HSIL of the cervix into thin HSIL with one to nine cell layers thickness and the typical full-thickness HSIL of more than ten cell layers. Although HPV oncogene transcripts and p16ink4a overexpression, as markers of transforming HPV infection, are detectable in thin HSIL, the biological significance of thin HSIL in cervical carcinogenesis remains poorly understood. To further characterize thin HSIL, we performed a comparative study of chromosomal copy number variations (CNV), analysis of dysregulated genes present in the segments with CNV, and a generalized genetic complexity calculation for 31 thin HSIL, 31 thick HSIL, 24 microinvasive SCC (pT1a SCC), and 22 highly invasive SCC samples. Thin HSIL share various CNV and specific dysregulated gene pathways with thick HSIL and invasive SCC. Thin HSIL exhibited an average CNV of 11.6%, compared with 14.1% for thick HSIL, 15.5% for pT1a SCC, and 26.6% for highly invasive SCC. The CNV included gains at 1q and 3q (40 and 43%, respectively), partial loss of 3p, and loss of chromosomes 11 (18%), 16 (50%), 20 (35%), and 22 (40%). Pathways affected solely in thin HSIL were those enhancing immune evasion and primarily involved the interleukin (IL)6, IL21, and IL23 genes. ILs are transiently upregulated in response to infection and play a crucial role in mounting antitumor T-cell activity. Deregulation reflects an attempt by the HPV to evade the initial immune response of the host. The primary pathways shared by thick HSIL and invasive SCC were interactions between lymphoid and non-lymphoid cells, Notch2 signaling, tight junction (TJ) interactions (primarily of the claudin family), and FGR2 alternative splicing. Our results show that thin HSIL carry similar genetic changes as thick HSIL and SCC, indicating that thin HSIL are true precursor lesions that can progress to thick HSIL and SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Reich
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Sigrid Regauer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Diagnostic- und Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Ariadna Lara Gutierrez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Diagnostic- und Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Diagnostic- und Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
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Pereira AR, Redzic N, Van Vooren S, Pelak K, Broekmans A, Desloovere G, Broeck DV, Kehoe K, Bogers J, Coppens A, Vreysen S, Mailleux J, Uten W. Development, Validation, and Implementation of an Augmented Multiwell, Multitarget Quantitative PCR-Human Papillomavirus Genotyping Analysis through Software Automation, Data Science, and Artificial Intelligence. J Mol Diagn 2024:S1525-1578(24)00149-1. [PMID: 38972594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The value of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for cervical cancer screening is well established, where its use as a primary screening option or as a reflex test after atypical cytology results has recently gained wide acceptance. The importance of full genotyping and viral load determination has been demonstrated to enhance the clinical understanding of the viral infection progression during follow-up or after treatment, thereby providing clinicians with supplementary tools for optimized patient management. In this study, a new analysis method for the RIATOL quantitative PCR assay was developed, validated, and implemented in the laboratory of clinical molecular pathology at AML, under national accreditation and following the International Organization for Standardization guidelines. It presents the successful validation of a high-throughput, multitarget HPV analysis method, with enhanced accuracy on both qualitative and quantitative end results. This is achieved by software standardization and automation of PCR curve analysis and interpretation, using data science and artificial intelligence. Moreover, the user-centric functionality of the platform was demonstrated to enhance both staff training and routine analysis workflows, thereby saving time and laboratory personnel resources. Overall, the integration of the FastFinder plugin semi-automatic analysis algorithm with the RIATOL real-time quantitative PCR assay proved to be a remarkable advancement in high-throughput HPV quantification, with demonstrated capability to provide highly accurate clinical-grade results and to reduce manual variability and analysis time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Nina Redzic
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium; AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Davy Vanden Broeck
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium; AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium; International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Kehoe
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium; National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johannes Bogers
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium; AMBIOR, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; National Reference Centre for HPV, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Astrid Coppens
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, AML, Sonic Healthcare BeNeLux, Antwerp, Belgium
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Chauhan R, Malhotra L, Gupta A, Dagar G, Mendiratta M, Masoodi T, Hashem S, Al Marzooqi S, Das D, Uddin S, Ethayathulla AS, Macha MA, Akil AAS, Sahoo RK, Rai E, Bhat AA, Singh M. Bergenin inhibits growth of human cervical cancer cells by decreasing Galectin-3 and MMP-9 expression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15287. [PMID: 38961106 PMCID: PMC11222472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is still the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide even after introduction of vaccine against Human papillomavirus (HPV), due to low vaccine coverage, especially in the developing world. Cervical cancer is primarily treated by Chemo/Radiotherapy, depending on the disease stage, with Carboplatin/Cisplatin-based drug regime. These drugs being non-specific, target rapidly dividing cells, including normal cells, so safer options are needed for lower off-target toxicity. Natural products offer an attractive option compared to synthetic drugs due to their well-established safety profile and capacity to target multiple oncogenic hallmarks of cancer like inflammation, angiogenesis, etc. In the current study, we investigated the effect of Bergenin (C-glycoside of 4-O-methylgallic acid), a natural polyphenol compound that is isolated from medicinal plants such as Bergenia crassifolia, Caesalpinia digyna, and Flueggea leucopyrus. Bergenin has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerogenic, and wound healing properties but its anticancer potential has been realized only recently. We performed a proteomic analysis of cervical carcinoma cells treated with bergenin and found it to influence multiple hallmarks of cancers, including apoptosis, angiogenesis, and tumor suppressor proteins. It was also involved in many different cellular processes unrelated to cancer, as shown by our proteomic analysis. Further analysis showed bergenin to be a potent-angiogenic agent by reducing key angiogenic proteins like Galectin 3 and MMP-9 (Matrix Metalloprotease 9) in cervical carcinoma cells. Further understanding of this interaction was carried out using molecular docking analysis, which indicated MMP-9 has more affinity for bergenin as compared to Galectin-3. Cumulatively, our data provide novel insight into the anti-angiogenic mechanism of bergenin in cervical carcinoma cells by modulation of multiple angiogenic proteins like Galectin-3 and MMP-9 which warrant its further development as an anticancer agent in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Chauhan
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Lakshay Malhotra
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashna Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Gunjan Dagar
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Mohini Mendiratta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Al Marzooqi
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dayasagar Das
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ammira Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ranjit Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Rai
- School of Life Sciences Jawahar Lal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Wang M, Ying Q, Ding R, Xing Y, Wang J, Pan Y, Pan B, Xiang G, Liu Z. Elucidating prognosis in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma: a novel anoikis-related gene signature model. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1352638. [PMID: 38988712 PMCID: PMC11234598 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1352638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are among the most prevalent gynecologic malignancies globally. The prognosis is abysmal once cervical cancer progresses to lymphatic metastasis. Anoikis, a specialized form of apoptosis induced by loss of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, plays a critical role. The prediction model based on anoikis-related genes (ARGs) expression and clinical data could greatly aid clinical decision-making. However, the relationship between ARGs and CESC remains unclear. Methods ARGs curated from the GeneCards and Harmonizome portals were instrumental in delineating CESC subtypes and in developing a prognostic framework for patients afflicted with this condition. We further delved into the intricacies of the immune microenvironment and pathway enrichment across the identified subtypes. Finally, our efforts culminated in the creation of an innovative nomogram that integrates ARGs. The utility of this prognostic tool was underscored by Decision Curve Analysis (DCA), which illuminate its prospective benefits in guiding clinical interventions. Results In our study, We discerned a set of 17 survival-pertinent, anoikis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CESC, from which nine were meticulously selected for the construction of prognostic models. The derived prognostic risk score was subsequently validated as an autonomous prognostic determinant. Through comprehensive functional analyses, we observed distinct immune profiles and drug response patterns among divergent prognostic stratifications. Further, we integrated the risk scores with the clinicopathological characteristics of CESC to develop a robust nomogram. DCA corroborated the utility of our model, demonstrating its potential to enhance patient outcomes through tailored clinical treatment strategies. Conclusion The predictive signature, encompassing nine pivotal genes, alongside the meticulously constructed nomogram developed in this research, furnishes clinicians with a sophisticated tool for tailoring treatment strategies to individual patients diagnosed with CESC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingwei- Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaohui- Ying
- Institute of Oral Basic Research, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuncan- Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiming- Pan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Guifen- Xiang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China
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9
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Ishii Y, Mori S, Takeuchi T, Kukimoto I. Differential requirement of the transcription factor HOXC13 for the stable maintenance of human papillomavirus genome among high-risk genotypes. Virology 2024; 597:110151. [PMID: 38914027 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The viral genome of the high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), the causative agent of cervical cancer, is stably maintained as extrachromosomal episomes that establish persistent infection. We previously identified homeobox-transcription factor HOXC13 as an important host protein mediating the short-term retention of the HPV16 and HPV18 genomes in normal human immortalized keratinocytes (NIKS). Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to construct HOXC13 knockout (KO) NIKS cells to determine whether HOXC13 is required for the long-term maintenance of high-risk HPV genomes. HPV16, HPV18, HPV52, and HPV58 whole genomes were transfected into HOXC13 KO cells, and the copy number of viral genomes per cell was monitored over cell passages. Copy numbers of HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58 genomes decreased continuously in HOXC13 KO cells, whereas HPV18 genomes remained stable throughout passages. Thus, HOXC13 is critical for the stable maintenance of the viral genomes of HPV16, HPV52, and HPV58, but not HPV18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Ishii
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Seiichiro Mori
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Takeuchi
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iwao Kukimoto
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Kristensen ML, Waldstrøm M, Laursen ASD, Eriksen K, Ulrichsen SP, Hatch EE, Wise LA, Rothman KJ, Sørensen HT, Mikkelsen EM. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and fecundability: a prospective cohort study. Hum Reprod 2024:deae139. [PMID: 38906838 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) associated with reduced fecundability, defined as the probability of conceiving per menstrual cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER Overall, we observed no meaningful association between CIN and fecundability, regardless of surgical status, although a recent diagnosis of moderate or severe CIN might be associated with slightly reduced fecundability for 2 years after diagnosis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY About 15% of couples experience infertility. Few studies have examined the influence of CIN on fertility, and the results have been inconsistent. No study has investigated the association between fecundability and pathologist-reported CIN diagnoses, particularly with respect to the recency of the specific CIN diagnoses. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This prospective cohort study included 9586 women trying to conceive. The women were enrolled from 1 June 2007 to 3 February 2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women were invited to complete a baseline questionnaire and bimonthly follow-up questionnaires for up to 12 months or until pregnancy occurred. Data on cervical cytologies and biopsies were retrieved from The National Pathology Registry (DNPR), which holds records of all cervical specimens examined in Denmark. Women were categorized based on their most severe diagnosis of CIN: no lesion, other cervical changes, mild CIN (CIN1), or moderate/severe CIN (CIN2+) with or without surgery. To investigate the association between CIN and fecundability, we computed fecundability ratios (FR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a proportional probabilities regression model. We adjusted for age at study entry, partner age, body mass index, smoking status, timing of intercourse, parity, education, number of sexual partners, and household income. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Compared with no lesion, the adjusted FRs (95% CI) for the association between CIN and fecundability were: other cervical lesions, 0.97 (0.91-1.04); CIN1, 1.04 (0.96-1.13); CIN2+ no surgery, 1.00 (0.82-1.22); and CIN2+ with surgery 0.99 (0.89-1.10). The FRs (95% CI) for a recent diagnosis (<2 years) of CIN were 0.98 (0.86-1.11) for other cervical lesions; 1.13 (0.99-1.29) for CIN1; 0.89 (0.62-1.26) for CIN2+ no surgery and 0.91 (0.75-1.10) for CIN2+ with surgery compared with the no lesion group. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION In the analyses, we adjusted for several covariates related to the women. However, we had little information on the male partners which could lead to unmeasured confounding as fecundability is a couple-based measure of fertility. Furthermore, a CIN diagnosis may not be constant as it may regress or progress spontaneously; therefore, it is possible that we have misclassified some women, especially women categorized as having normal cells or CIN1. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results contribute important knowledge to women who are concerned about their future fertility after receiving a CIN diagnosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by The Danish Cancer Society (R167-A11036-17-S2). The overall cohorts were funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD086742 and R03-HD094117). The authors report no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marianne Waldstrøm
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Sofie D Laursen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Katrine Eriksen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sinna P Ulrichsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elizabeth E Hatch
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Rothman
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen M Mikkelsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Kipp B, Ulrich E, van Meegen C, Schwenzer T. Risk of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia in cytologic negative and persistently high-risk human papillomavirus positive patients according to genotypes: a retrospective single center analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:558. [PMID: 38834951 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In January 2020, a different cervical cancer screening program started in Germany. Women above the age of 35 are recommended to have a combined HPV and cytology swab every three years. Showing persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV), cytologic negative cervical samples at baseline and after 12 months, patients are referred to colposcopy. Entailing considerable additional workload due to the required colposcopies, we analyzed the risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 3) in cytologic negative and persistent hrHPV women according to their hrHPV genotypes.Methods In this single center retrospective study, patients with persistent hrHPV, cytology negative cervical samples from our certified Colposcopy Unit in 2020 and 2021 were analyzed. Patient demographics, hrHPV types, biopsy rates and histological reports were collected.Results During the study, 69 patients were enrolled. Most frequent hrHPV genotypes were: hrHPV other 72.5%; HPV 16, 20.3% and HPV 18, 7.2%. Colposcopy showed no or minor changes in 92.7% and major changes in 7.2%. CIN 3 was found in 7 patients (10.1%). Prevalence of CIN 3 by hrHPV genotypes was 27.3% for HPV16, 20.0% for HPV18 and 7.1% for HPVO. A statistically significant dependency between hrHPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was demonstrated (p = 0.048).Conclusion Within this single center study of persistent hrHPV, cytologic negative samples, patients with HPV 16 were more likely to have high-grade disease compared to other hrHPV subtypes. Larger prospective randomized trials are needed to substantiate our results and obtain adjusted cervical cancer screening time intervals according to the hrHPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kipp
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstr. 40, 44137, Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
| | - Elena Ulrich
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstr. 40, 44137, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Carmen van Meegen
- Center for Higher Education, Statistical Consulting and Analysis, TU Dortmund University, Vogelpothsweg 78, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwenzer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Dortmund gGmbH, Beurhausstr. 40, 44137, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
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12
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Martinez ME, Schmeler KM, Lajous M, Newman LA. Cancer Screening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e431272. [PMID: 38843475 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_431272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide cancer burden is growing, and populations residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are experiencing a disproportionate extent of this growth. Breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers are among the top 10 most frequently diagnosed malignancies, and they also account for a substantial degree of cancer mortality internationally. Effective screening strategies are available for all three of these cancers. Individuals from LMICs face substantial cost and access barriers to early detection programs, and late stage at diagnosis continues to be a major cause for cancer mortality in these communities. This chapter will review the epidemiology of breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers, and will explore prospects for improving global control through novel approaches to screening in cost-constrained environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Martinez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Martin Lajous
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa A Newman
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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13
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Meneses-León J, Hernández-Salazar S, Torres-Ibarra L, Hernández-López R, Rivera-Paredez B, Robles-Rivera K, Lazcano-Ponce E, García-Vera A, Godínez-Pérez M, León-Maldonado L, Salmerón J. Performance of urine samples compared to cervical samples for detection of precancer lesions among HPV-positive women attending colposcopy clinic in Mexico City. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:935-942. [PMID: 38368574 PMCID: PMC11129980 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01852-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) detection in self-collected urine samples (SeCUS) may be a promising alternative for cervical cancer screening because of its greater acceptability, as long as it can offer comparable sensitivity to clinician-collected cervical samples (CCoS) for detecting precancer lesions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of the SeCUS compared to that of the CCoS for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) detection among hrHPV-positive women receiving colposcopy in Mexico City using different specific extended HPV typing procedures: HPV16/18, HPV16/18/35/39/68 or HPV16/18/35/39/68/31. METHODS From March 2017 to August 2018, 4,158 female users of the cervical cancer screening program at Tlalpan Sanitary Jurisdiction in Mexico City were invited to participate in the FRIDA-Tlalpan study. All participants provided ≥ 30 mL of SeCUS, and then a CCoS was obtained with Cervex-Brush®, which was used for hrHPV typing. Participants who tested positive for hrHPV in CCoS were referred for colposcopy for diagnostic confirmation, and all SeCUS of these women were also tested for hrHPV typing. RESULTS In total, 561 hrHPV-positive women were identified by CCoS via colposcopy, and 82.2% of the SeCUS of these women were also hrHPV positive. From both CCoS and SeCUS, 7 cases of CIN3 were detected. Considering HPV16/18 typing, CCoS and SeCUS detected 4 cases of CIN3, but after HPV16/18/35/39/68/31 extension typing, both CCoS and SeCUS detected all 7 of the CIN3 cases among the hrHPV-positive women. CONCLUSIONS Using extended hrHPV typing based on HPV16/18/35/39/68/31, our results suggest that the performance of SeCUS may be equivalent to that of CCoS for detecting CIN3 lesions. Although our results are inconclusive, they support the hypothesis that SeCUS may be an attractive alternative worthy of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joacim Meneses-León
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sonia Hernández-Salazar
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Leticia Torres-Ibarra
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rubí Hernández-López
- Oficina de Análisis del Plan de Salud, Subgerencia Técnica del Plan de Salud, Gerencia de Administración del Plan de Salud, Banco de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Berenice Rivera-Paredez
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Karina Robles-Rivera
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Alba García-Vera
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mélany Godínez-Pérez
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Leith León-Maldonado
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Salmerón
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación en Políticas, Población y Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, Mexico.
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14
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Tsige AW, Beyene DA. Cervical cancer: Challenges and prevention strategies: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2149. [PMID: 38826620 PMCID: PMC11139676 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections that continue to exist are the main cause of cervical cancer (CC), two-thirds of CC occurrences worldwide are caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18, and 99.7% of CC tumors are linked to oncogenic HPV infection. To identify challenges of CC and its prevention and treatment modalities. Methods This review examined the epidemiology, predisposing factors, genetic factors, clinical assessment methods, current treatment options, and prevention approaches for CC. We had perform a narrative data synthesis rather than a pooled analysis. A thorough literature search in pertinent databases related to CC was done with the inclusion of data that were published in the English language. Results Early detection of CC is of utmost importance to detect precancerous lesions at an early stage. Therefore, all responsible agencies concerned with health should make all women aware of the benefits of CC screening and educate the general public. HPV vaccination coverage is very low in resource-limited settings. Conclusion To achieve the goal of eliminating CC as a public health problem in 2030, the World Health Organization will pay special attention to increasing HPV vaccination coverage throughout the world. To further improve HPV vaccine acceptability among parents and their children, safety-related aspects of the HPV vaccine should be further investigated through post-marketing surveillance and multicentre randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abate Wondesen Tsige
- Department of Pharmacy, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science CampusDebre Berhan UniversityDebre BerhanEthiopia
| | - Dessale Abate Beyene
- Department of Pharmacy, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science CampusDebre Berhan UniversityDebre BerhanEthiopia
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15
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Naegele K, Bubendorf L, Hirsch HH, Leuzinger K. Comparative evaluation of Anyplex II HPV28 and Allplex HPV28 molecular assays for human papillomavirus detection and genotyping in anogenital cancer screening. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29649. [PMID: 38812416 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the main cause for the development of anogenital cancers. This study prospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of the novel Allplex-HPV28 assay with the Anyplex-II-HPV28 to detect and genotype HPV in 234 consecutive swabs and 32 biopsies of the anogenital tract from 265 patients with atypical findings in cytomorphological screening. Agreement in HPV-DNA detection between the Anyplex-II and Allplex-HPV28 assays was 99%. There was a notable diversity in the HPV-virome, with the most prevalent high-risk HPV types being 16, 53, 66, and 68. The agreement rates for detecting these genotypes exceeded 93% between the Anyplex-II and Allplex-HPV28 assays. Discrepancies in test results were solely noted for Anyplex-II-HPV28 results with a low signal intensity of "+", and for Allplex-HPV28 results with cycle thresholds of ≥36. The semi-quantitative analysis of HPV-DNA loads showed significant agreement between the Anyplex-II-HPV28 and Allplex-HPV28 assays (p < 0.001). Furthermore, HPV-DNA detection rates and mean HPV-DNA loads significantly correlated with the grade of abnormal changes identified in cytopathological assessment, being highest in cases of HSIL, condyloma accuminatum, and squamous cell carcinoma. Overall agreement rates for detecting specific HPV-types among the Anyplex-II and Allplex-HPV28 assays exceeded 99.5% in cases of atypical squamous cells, condyloma accuminatum, and squamous cell carcinoma. The novel Allplex-HPV28 assay shows good diagnostic performance in detecting and genotyping HPV commonly associated with anogenital cancers. Consequently, this assay could offer substantial potential for incorporation into future molecular screening programs for anogenital cancers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Naegele
- Clinical Virology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hans H Hirsch
- Department of Biomedicine, Transplantation & Clinical Virology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Logel M, El-Zein M, Franco EL, Gonzalez E. Species-level characterization of the cervicovaginal microbiota and its role in human papillomavirus-associated cervical carcinogenesis. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29764. [PMID: 38923577 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The cervicovaginal microbiome may contribute to human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical carcinogenesis, but studies have been limited by low-resolution analysis methods. Using a high-resolution bioinformatics pipeline, we evaluated the relationship of the cervicovaginal microbiome with HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The cervicovaginal microbiome of 186 women was characterized by sequencing 16S rRNA regions (V3-V4 and V5-V6) and annotated with the high-resolution ANCHOR pipeline. Samples were genotyped for HPV using the Roche-Cobas 4800 assay. We fitted logistic regression models using stepwise forward selection to select species (presence/absence) as correlates of CIN1+ and constructed a linear microbiome-based score using the regression coefficients. An HPV-based score was calculated from a separate logistic regression model to detect CIN1+ . Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed; the area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were compared between scores. Overall, 66.7% of participants were HPV-positive. 77 unique species were identified: 8 using V3-V4, 48 using V5-V6, and 21 shared. Twelve species were retained via stepwise selection. The AUCs for the microbiome-, and HPV-based scores were 0.7656 (95% CI 0.6885-0.8426), and 0.7529 (95% CI 0.6855-0.8204), respectively. Bacterial species may be involved in cervical carcinogenesis as the microbiome- and HPV-based scores performed similarly for CIN1+ detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Logel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mariam El-Zein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Department of Human Genetics, Microbiome Unit, Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics (C3G), McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Microbiome Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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17
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Traore B, Kassogue Y, Diakite B, Diarra F, Cisse K, Kassogue O, Diarra M, Coulibaly A, Coulibaly B, Diallo H, Diarra Z, Ly M, Maiga A, Sissoko SB, Sissoko AS, Traore CB, Kamate B, Teguete I, Bah S, Dolo G, Gursel DB, Holl J, Hou L, Maiga M. Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in outpatient Malian women living with HIV: a pilot study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:513. [PMID: 38778266 PMCID: PMC11110247 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term exposure to high-risk human papillomavirus (Hr-HPV) is a well-known necessary condition for development of cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to screen for Hr-HPV using vaginal self-sampling, which is a more effective approach to improve women's adherence and increase screening rates. METHODS This pilot study included a total of 100 Women living with HIV (WLWHIV), recruited from the Center for Listening, Care, Animation, and Counseling of People Living with HIV in Bamako. Hr-HPV genotyping was performed on Self-collected samples using the Cepheid GeneXpert instrument. RESULTS The median age of WLWHIV was 44 (interquartile range [IQR], 37-50) years. Approximately 92% of the study participants preferred self-sampling at the clinic, and 90% opted to receive result notifications via mobile phone contact. The overall prevalence of Hr-HPV among study participants was 42.6%, and the most frequent Hr-HPV sub-types observed were HPV18/45 (19.1%), HPV31/35/33/52/58 (13.8%), and HPV39/68/56/66 (12.8%), followed by HPV16 (5.3%), and HPV51/59 (5.3%). WLWHIV under 35 years of age had a higher frequency of Hr-HPV compared to their older counterparts, with rates of 30% versus 11.1% (p = 0.03). The duration of antiretroviral treatment showed an inverse association with Hr-HPV negativity, with patients on treatment for 15 (IQR, 10-18) years versus 12 (IQR = 7-14) years for Hr-HPV positive patients (95% CI [1.2-5.8], t = 3.04, p = 0.003). WLWHIV with baseline CD4 T-Cell counts below 200 exhibited a higher frequency of Hr-HPV compared to those with baseline CD4 T-Cell counts above 200 (17.9% versus 1.9%, p = 0.009). However, other demographics and clinical factors, such as marital status, age of sexual debut, parity, education, history of abortion, history of preeclampsia, and cesarean delivery, did not influence the distribution of Hr-HPV genotypes. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that WLWHIV under the age of 35 years old exhibited the highest prevalence of Hr-HPV infection, with HPV18/45 being the most prevalent subtype. Additionally, WLWHIV with baseline CD4 T-Cell counts below 200 showed the highest infection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Traore
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Yaya Kassogue
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali.
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
| | - Brehima Diakite
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Fousseyni Diarra
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kadidiatou Cisse
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Oumar Kassogue
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Modibo Diarra
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Aissata Coulibaly
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Bourama Coulibaly
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hama Diallo
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Zoumana Diarra
- Center of Listening, Care, Animation, and Counseling for People Living With HIV, Bamako, Mali
| | - Madani Ly
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Aminata Maiga
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sidi Boula Sissoko
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Adama Seydou Sissoko
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Cheick Bougadari Traore
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Bakarou Kamate
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Ibrahima Teguete
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Sekou Bah
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Guimogo Dolo
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Demirkan Besim Gursel
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jane Holl
- Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Preventive Medicine Department, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Mamoudou Maiga
- Centre of Research and Training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
- Preventive Medicine Department, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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18
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Fei M, Shen Z, Song Z, Wang X, Cao M, Yao L, Zhao X, Wang Q, Zhang L. Distillation of multi-class cervical lesion cell detection via synthesis-aided pre-training and patch-level feature alignment. Neural Netw 2024; 178:106405. [PMID: 38815471 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Automated detection of cervical abnormal cells from Thin-prep cytologic test (TCT) images is crucial for efficient cervical abnormal screening using computer-aided diagnosis systems. However, the construction of the detection model is hindered by the preparation of the training images, which usually suffers from issues of class imbalance and incomplete annotations. Additionally, existing methods often overlook the visual feature correlations among cells, which are crucial in cervical lesion cell detection as pathologists commonly rely on surrounding cells for identification. In this paper, we propose a distillation framework that utilizes a patch-level pre-training network to guide the training of an image-level detection network, which can be applied to various detectors without changing their architectures during inference. The main contribution is three-fold: (1) We propose the Balanced Pre-training Model (BPM) as the patch-level cervical cell classification model, which employs an image synthesis model to construct a class-balanced patch dataset for pre-training. (2) We design the Score Correction Loss (SCL) to enable the detection network to distill knowledge from the BPM model, thereby mitigating the impact of incomplete annotations. (3) We design the Patch Correlation Consistency (PCC) strategy to exploit the correlation information of extracted cells, consistent with the behavior of cytopathologists. Experiments on public and private datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed distillation method, as well as its adaptability to various detection architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Fei
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhenrong Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhiyun Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Maosong Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Linlin Yao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Lichi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
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19
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Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Cetina Perez L, Maza M. Editorial: Cervical cancer control in Latin America and the Caribbean. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1226915. [PMID: 38778839 PMCID: PMC11109430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1226915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucely Cetina Perez
- Department of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, National Cancer Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Maza
- Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, United States
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20
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Chatterjee PB, Hingway SR, Hiwale KM. Evolution of Pathological Techniques for the Screening of Cervical Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e60769. [PMID: 38903362 PMCID: PMC11188840 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary journey of cervical cancer screening has been a major medical success story, considering the substantial role it has played in dwindling the disease burden. Through sustained collaborative efforts within the medical community, significant advances have been made from the humble yet path-breaking conventional Pap smear to the current automated screening systems and human papillomavirus (HPV) molecular testing. With the integration of artificial intelligence into screening techniques, we are currently at the precipice of circumventing the pitfalls of manual cytology readings and improving the efficiency of the screening systems by a significant margin. Despite the technological milestones traversed, the high logistics and operational cost, besides the technical know-how of operating the automated systems, can pose a major practical challenge in the widespread adoption of these advanced techniques in cervical cancer screening programs. This would suggest the need to adopt strategies that are tailored to the demands and needs of the different settings keeping their limitations in mind. This review aims to take the reader through the entire evolutionary journey of cervical cancer screening programs, highlight the individual merits and demerits of each technique, and discuss the recommendations from the major global guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya B Chatterjee
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Snehlata R Hingway
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Kishor M Hiwale
- Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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21
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Jensen JE, Becker GL, Jackson JB, Rysavy MB. Human Papillomavirus and Associated Cancers: A Review. Viruses 2024; 16:680. [PMID: 38793561 PMCID: PMC11125882 DOI: 10.3390/v16050680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Most HPV infections clear spontaneously within 2 years of infection; however, persistent infection can result in a wide array of diseases, ranging from genital warts to cancer. Most cases of cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers are due to HPV infection, with cervical cancer being one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Screening is available for HPV and cervical cancer, but is not available everywhere, particularly in lower-resource settings. HPV infection disproportionally affects individuals living with HIV, resulting in decreased clearance, increased development of cancer, and increased mortality. The development of the HPV vaccine has shown a drastic decrease in HPV-related diseases. The vaccine prevents cervical cancer with near 100% efficacy, if given prior to first sexual activity. Vaccination uptake remains low worldwide due to a lack of access and limited knowledge of HPV. Increasing awareness of HPV and access to vaccination are necessary to decrease cancer and HPV-related morbidity and mortality worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- JaNiese E. Jensen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.E.J.); (G.L.B.); (J.B.J.)
| | - Greta L. Becker
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.E.J.); (G.L.B.); (J.B.J.)
| | - J. Brooks Jackson
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.E.J.); (G.L.B.); (J.B.J.)
| | - Mary B. Rysavy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 78030, USA
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22
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Zhang Y, Du H, Wang C, Huang X, Qu X, Wu R. Feasibility and applicability of self-sampling based online cervical cancer screening: findings from the China online cervical cancer screening trial. Infect Agent Cancer 2024; 19:16. [PMID: 38664748 PMCID: PMC11046965 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-024-00583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and applicability of an online cervical cancer screening program using a website as the public platform and self-collected HPV testing as the primary screening method. METHODS A website (mcareu.com) was developed to facilitate the online cervical cancer screening program by Peking University Shenzhen Hospital (PUSH). Women in Shenzhen could register for participation on the website by providing essential demographic data. Sampling kits and specimens were delivered through regular logistics. Eligible women collected vaginal samples by themselves using the provided kits and in referring of the graphic guidance. The specimens were tested for HPV at PUSH or a reference lab, and the results were accessible on the website through participants' personal accounts. Participants who tested positive for high-risk HPV were scheduled for colposcopy and biopsies. The demographic and social background data of the eligible participants were analyzed to evaluate the feasibility and applicability of the online screening approach. RESULTS A total of 1712 applicants registered for participation, with 99.9% (1710/1712) completing registration with full data. The analysis included 1560 applicants aged 30-59, with an average age of 41.1 (± 7.6) years. Among them, 83.3% (1299/1560) provided self-collected samples for testing. Age-group analysis revealed an overall sample provision rate (SPR) exceeded 80% in all age groups. A significant difference in SPR was observed only between the 30-34 and 45-49 age groups (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were found among other age groups. 99.7% of the samples were tested qualified, and there was no significant difference in sampling failure rate among age groups. Analysis of demographic and social elements showed no significant impact on the rates of sample provision among groups in most of the social elements but the medical insurance and the monthly family-incomes. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrate that online cervical cancer screening is reliable for self-registration, self-sampling, and self-ordering for specimen transportation. It is suitable for women of all ages needing to be screened, irrespective of social elements, and effectively facilitates screening for women with limited access to medical resources. Therefore, online screening holds promise as an effective approach to increase screening coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Du
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Wang
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Huang
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Qu
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory On Technology for Early Diagnosis of Major Gynecologic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518036, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Gao L, Yi K, Tan Y, Guo C, Zheng D, Shen C, Li F. Engineering Gene-Specific DNAzymes for Accessible and Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Testing. JACS AU 2024; 4:1664-1672. [PMID: 38665662 PMCID: PMC11040662 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The accurate and timely detection of disease biomarkers at the point-of-care is essential to ensuring effective treatment and epidemiological surveillance. Here, we report the selection and engineering of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes that respond to specific genetic markers and amplify detection signals. Because the target-specific activation of gene-specific DNAzymes (gDz) is like the trans-cleavage activity of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR-associated (Cas) machinery, we further developed a CRISPR-like assay using RNA-cleaving DNAzyme coupled with isothermal sequence and signal amplification (CLARISSA) for nucleic acid detection in clinical samples. Building on the high sequence specificity and orthogonality of gDzs, CLARISSA is highly versatile and expandable for multiplex testing. Upon integration with an isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification, CLARISSA enabled the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 in 189 cervical samples collected from cervical cancer screening participants (n = 189) with 100% sensitivity and 97.4% specificity, respectively. A multiplexed CLARISSA further allowed the simultaneous analyses of HPV16 and HPV18 in 46 cervical samples, which returned clinical sensitivity of 96.3% for HPV16 and 83.3% for HPV18, respectively. No false positives were found throughout our tests. Besides the fluorescence readout using fluorogenic reporter probes, CLARISSA is also demonstrated to be fully compatible with a visual lateral flow readout. Because of the high sensitivity, accessibility, and multiplexity, we believe CLARISSA is an ideal CRISPR-Dx alternative for clinical diagnosis in field-based and point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Department
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic
and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education,
West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Chen Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Danxi Zheng
- Department
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic
and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education,
West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chenlan Shen
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China
Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key
Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China
Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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24
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Fackler MJ, Pleas M, Li Y, Soni A, Xing D, Cope L, Ali S, Van Le Q, Van Nguyen C, Pham HT, Duong LM, Vanden Berg E, Wadee R, Michelow P, Chen WC, Joffe M, Fjeldbo CS, Lyng H, Sukumar S. Discovery and technical validation of high-performance methylated DNA markers for the detection of cervical lesions at risk of malignant progression in low- and middle-income countries. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:56. [PMID: 38643219 PMCID: PMC11032610 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01669-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of death, particularly in developing countries. WHO screening guidelines recommend human papilloma virus (HPV) detection as a means to identify women at risk of developing cervical cancer. While HPV testing identifies those at risk, it does not specifically distinguish individuals with neoplasia. We investigated whether a quantitative molecular test that measures methylated DNA markers could identify high-risk lesions in the cervix with accuracy. RESULTS Marker discovery was performed in TCGA-CESC Infinium Methylation 450 K Array database and verified in three other public datasets. The panel was technically validated using Quantitative Multiplex-Methylation-Specific PCR in tissue sections (N = 252) and cervical smears (N = 244) from the USA, South Africa, and Vietnam. The gene panel consisted of FMN2, EDNRB, ZNF671, TBXT, and MOS. Cervical tissue samples from all three countries showed highly significant differential methylation in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a sensitivity of 100% [95% CI 74.12-100.00], and specificity of 91% [95% CI 62.26-99.53] to 96% [95% CI 79.01-99.78], and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) = 1.000 [95% CI 1.00-1.00] compared to benign cervical tissue, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 with sensitivity of 55% [95% CI 37.77-70.84] to 89% [95% CI 67.20-98.03], specificity of 93% [95% CI 84.07-97.38] to 96% [95% CI 79.01-99.78], and a ROC AUC ranging from 0.793 [95% CI 0.68-0.89] to 0.99 [95% CI 0.97-1.00] compared to CIN1. In cervical smears, the marker panel detected SCC with a sensitivity of 87% [95% CI 77.45-92.69], specificity 95% [95% CI 88.64-98.18], and ROC AUC = 0.925 [95% CI 0.878-0.974] compared to normal, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) at a sensitivity of 70% (95% CI 58.11-80.44), specificity of 94% (95% CI 88.30-97.40), and ROC AUC = 0.884 (95% CI 0.822-0.945) compared to low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)/normal in an analysis of pooled data from the three countries. Similar to HPV-positive, HPV-negative cervical carcinomas were frequently hypermethylated for these markers. CONCLUSIONS This 5-marker panel detected SCC and HSIL in cervical smears with a high level of sensitivity and specificity. Molecular tests with the ability to rapidly detect high-risk HSIL will lead to timely treatment for those in need and prevent unnecessary procedures in women with low-risk lesions throughout the world. Validation of these markers in prospectively collected cervical smear cells followed by the development of a hypermethylated marker-based cervical cancer detection test is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jo Fackler
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Madison Pleas
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Youran Li
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Anushri Soni
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Deyin Xing
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Leslie Cope
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Syed Ali
- Division of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Quang Van Le
- Hanoi Medical University, National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Chu Van Nguyen
- Department of Quansu Pathology, National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Han Thi Pham
- Department of Quansu Pathology, National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Minh Duong
- Department of Quansu Pathology, National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Eunice Vanden Berg
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Reubina Wadee
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pamela Michelow
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand/National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Wenlong Carl Chen
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Strengthening Oncology Services Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maureen Joffe
- Strengthening Oncology Services Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Christina Saetan Fjeldbo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Lyng
- Department of Radiation Biology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Women's Malignancies Program, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, 1650 Orleans Street, Rm 144, CRB1, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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25
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Niu J, Chen Y, Chai HC, Sasidharan S. Exploring MiR-484 Regulation by Polyalthia longifolia: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cervical Cancer through Integrated Bioinformatics and an In Vitro Analysis. Biomedicines 2024; 12:909. [PMID: 38672263 PMCID: PMC11047986 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MiR-484, implicated in various carcinomas, holds promise as a prognostic marker, yet its relevance to cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. Our prior study demonstrated the Polyalthia longifolia downregulation of miR-484, inhibiting HeLa cells. This study investigates miR-484's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in CC through integrated bioinformatics and an in vitro analysis. METHODS MiR-484 levels were analyzed across cancers, including CC, from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The limma R package identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between high- and low-miR-484 CC cohorts. We assessed biological functions, tumor microenvironment (TME), immunotherapy, stemness, hypoxia, RNA methylation, and chemosensitivity differences. Prognostic genes relevant to miR-484 were identified through Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses, and a prognostic model was captured via multivariate Cox regression. Single-cell RNA sequencing determined cell populations related to prognostic genes. qRT-PCR validated key genes, and the miR-484 effect on CC proliferation was assessed via an MTT assay. RESULTS MiR-484 was upregulated in most tumors, including CC, with DEGs enriched in skin development, PI3K signaling, and immune processes. High miR-484 expression correlated with specific immune cell infiltration, hypoxia, and drug sensitivity. Prognostic genes identified were predominantly epidermal and stratified patients with CC into risk groups, with the low-risk group showing enhanced survival and immunotherapeutic responses. qRT-PCR confirmed FGFR3 upregulation in CC cells, and an miR-484 mimic reversed the P. longifolia inhibitory effect on HeLa proliferation. CONCLUSION MiR-484 plays a crucial role in the CC progression and prognosis, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Niu
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
- School of Biological Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hwa Chia Chai
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia;
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26
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Zhang R, Xu W, Yang S, Hu D, Bai L, Xiang R, Zhao X, Nie Y, Shi QL. Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection, Associated Risk Factors, and Relationship With Cervical Precancerous Lesions in Perimenopausal and Older Women in an Area With High Cervical Cancer Incidence in China. Cureus 2024; 16:e58081. [PMID: 38616979 PMCID: PMC11009475 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study delves into the epidemiology of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and its link to precancerous lesions among perimenopausal (40-59 years) and elderly (60-65 years) women in a Chinese county with a notably high incidence of cervical cancer. By uniquely focusing on these age groups in underdeveloped regions, the research aims to offer novel strategies for the management and prevention of cervical cancer. It seeks to inform targeted interventions and public health policies that could significantly benefit women at heightened risk for HPV, addressing a critical gap in current prevention efforts in economically disadvantaged communities. Methods This observational study was conducted at the Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Centre in Lueyang County, from September 2021 to January 2022. It assessed 2008 women aged 40-65 for HPV screening, with 342 undergoing further cytological examination. The study evaluated the prevalence of HPV infection across different age groups and risk categories. It utilized a questionnaire to collect participants' basic information, health behaviors, and other relevant data to analyze factors influencing HR-HPV infection. Statistical analyses comprised chi-square tests, trend analysis, logistic regression, and multiple imputation techniques to address missing data. Results The prevalence of HR-HPV infection among women aged 40-65 years in Lueyang County was 18.43%. Older women exhibited a higher incidence of HPV infection, abnormal ThinPrep Cytology Test (TCT) results (Shaanxi Fu'an Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Baoji City, China), and low/high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL/HSIL) (P<0.05). The most prevalent HR-HPV genotypes in the overall, perimenopausal, and elderly groups were HPV-52, -53, and -58; HPV-52, -53, and -16; and HPV-58, -52, and -53, respectively. The prevalent HR-HPV genotypes in the abnormal The Bethesda System (TBS) results were HPV-16, -52, -33, -58; -16, -52, -58; and-16, -33, and -52. HPV-16, -18, -33 prevalence increased with increasing lesion severity (P<0.05). In this study, factors affecting HR-HPV in the three age groups were found to be mainly related to sexual behavior and education level, including history of lower genital tract diseases, multiple pregnancies, contraceptive methods without tubal ligation, age at first marriage greater than 18 years, never washing the vulva after sex, abstinence from sex, education level of junior high school or above, and spouse's education level of high school or above. Conclusions These findings suggest that the elevated rate of abnormal TBS in the older age group may be attributed to the higher prevalence of persistent infection-prone HR-HPV genotypes (HPV-58, -52, and-53), multiple infections, and potent oncogenic HR-HPV genotypes (HPV-16 and -33). Additionally, the higher HR-HPV prevalence in older patients may be related to lower education attainment, reduced screening rate, and limited condom usage. Therefore, strategies targeting perimenopausal and older women should prioritize enhancing health awareness, increasing screening rates, and encouraging condom utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyi Zhang
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Wei Xu
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Siyuan Yang
- Nursing, School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Dehua Hu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Lueyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaanxi, CHN
| | - Li Bai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Lueyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaanxi, CHN
| | - Rumei Xiang
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Xiaowei Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Lueyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaanxi, CHN
| | - Yuxian Nie
- Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
| | - Qiu-Ling Shi
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, CHN
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Alrefai EA, Alhejaili RT, Haddad SA. Human Papillomavirus and Its Association With Cervical Cancer: A Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e57432. [PMID: 38699134 PMCID: PMC11063572 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) belongs to the Papillomavirus family and is considered a non-enveloped virus. HPV affects individuals by causing both benign and malignant lesions. We aim to define HPV and its important characteristics, explain the relation between HPVs and cervical cancer, review its prevalence among Saudi women and their awareness of screening and prevention of cervical cancer, and focus on the importance of HPV vaccination. The persistence of HPV infection is the most important risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. HPVs cannot be cultured, and the identification of the virus is dependent on a variety of techniques, including immunology, serology, and molecular biology. Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent form of cancer in women worldwide, while it is considered the 12th type of cancer that affects Saudi women. Unfortunately, many studies have shown a lack of awareness regarding HPV infection, screening, and vaccination among the Saudi population in general, as well as among Saudi healthcare professionals. The HPV vaccine has a potent role in preventing people from getting infected with the virus, despite some previous clinical trials assessing the outcomes of therapeutic HPV vaccinations showing unsatisfactory results. While there is no doubt about the benefits of vaccines and their role in reducing the incidence of HPV infectious diseases, there are discrepancies in the evaluation of the safety of the HPV vaccine. In conclusion, HPV is an essential etiology of cervical cancer, and the expansion of public awareness about protective methods and threat factors associated with HPV infection is highly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Alrefai
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Taibah University, Medina, SAU
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Tian Z, Yan H, Zeng Y. Solid-Phase Extraction and Enhanced Amplification-Free Detection of Pathogens Integrated by Multifunctional CRISPR-Cas12a. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14445-14456. [PMID: 38472096 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Public healthcare demands effective and pragmatic diagnostic tools to address the escalating challenges in infection management in resource-limited areas. Recent advances in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based biosensing promise the development of next-generation tools for disease diagnostics, including point-of-care (POC) testing for infectious diseases. The currently prevailing strategy of developing CRISPR/Cas-based diagnostics exploits only the target identification and trans-cleavage activity of a CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a system to provide diagnostic results, and they need to be combined with an additional preamplification reaction to enhance sensitivity. In contrast to this dual-function strategy, here, we present a new approach that collaboratively integrates the triple functions of CRISPR-Cas12a: target identification, sequence-specific enrichment, and signal generation. With this approach, we develop a nucleic acid assay termed Solid-Phase Extraction and Enhanced Detection Assay integrated by CRISPR-Cas12a (SPEEDi-CRISPR) that negates the need for preamplification but significantly improves the detection of limit (LOD) from the pM to fM level. Specifically, using Cas12a-coated magnetic beads, this assay combines efficient solid-phase extraction and enrichment of DNA targets enabled by the sequence-specific affinity of CRISPR-Cas12a with fluorogenic detection by activated Cas12a on beads. SPEEDi-CRISPR, for the first time, leverages the possibility of employing CRISPR/Cas12a in nucleic acid extraction and integrates the ability of both enrichment and detection of CRISPR/Cas into a single platform. Our proof-of-concept studies revealed that the SPEEDi-CRISPR assay has great specificity to distinguish HPV-18 from HPV-16, and Parvovirus B19, in addition to being able to detect HPV-18 at a concentration as low as 2.3 fM in 100 min and 4.7 fM in 60 min. Furthermore, we proved that this assay can be coupled with two point-of-care testing strategies: the smartphone-based fluorescence detector and the lateral flow assay. Overall, these results suggested that our assay could pave a new way for developing CRISPR diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Zhi Y, Du P, Li Y, Liu H, Jiang T, Zhao X, Li X. SOX21-AS1 Augmented Cervical Cancer Growth by Triggering FZD3 to Activate the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0. [PMID: 38512584 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) SOX21-AS1 has been reported that it plays an important role in biological processes of several cancers. However, how it functions in cervical cancer (CC) still remain unclear. This investigation seeks to explore the impact of SOX21-AS1 on CC cell proliferation, invasion and migration and its association to the FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. SOX21-AS1 expression levels were detected using real-time quantitative PCR in 20 cases of cervical cancer together with its adjacent tissues and several cervical cancer cell lines. Transgenic technology and functional experiments were conducted to confirm the carcinogenic properties of SOX21-AS1, and western blot was utilized to analyze the regulatory network composed of SOX21-AS1, FZD3 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CC. Through bioinformatics analysis, we found that the expression of SOX21-AS1 in CC was the highest among 16 kinds of tumor tissues. Moreover, clinical specimens confirmed that both CC tissues and cell lines possessed elevated SOX21-AS1 expressions (P < 0.01). CC cells which stably expressed upregulated SOX21-AS1 were noted to possesses higher rates of metastasis, invasion and proliferation, lower apoptotic rates and higher expression of FZD3,β-catenin and c-myc (P < 0.01). Conversely, the use of small interfering RNA to inhibit the expression of SOX21-AS1 yielded the opposite results (P < 0.01). SOX21-AS1 functions as an oncogenic LncRNA which enhances CC cell metastasis, invasion and proliferation through FZD3 upregulation via Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway activation. This LncRNA may represent an important biomarker for CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Peipei Du
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 636 Guanlin Road, Luolong District, Luoyang, 471032, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Xiaofu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Front Kangfu Street, Er'qi District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Dash SR, Kundu A, Kundu CN. The role of viruses in cancer progression versus cancer treatment: A dual paradigm. Life Sci 2024; 341:122506. [PMID: 38373620 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Most human malignancies are attributed to exposure to infectious organisms such as viruses. Certain infections that can induce cancer can evade the immune system, leading to persistent inflammation that facilitates uncontrolled cell growth. Moreover, these pathogens can increase the likelihood of oncogenic transformation, leading to cancer development. Despite significant advancements in medicine, oncological research continues to seek innovative treatment techniques in light of the constraints imposed by traditional therapeutic agents. Virus-based therapy is a novel treatment method that has garnered significant interest due to its broad range of applications. Virotherapy employs oncolytic viruses that are genetically modified to target tumor cells specifically, undergo replication inside them and destroy the malignant cells. Additionally, this therapeutic approach elicits an anticancer response by boosting the patient's immune system. In addition, viruses are commonly employed as targeted delivery vectors for the precise transportation of various genes, medicinal compounds and immune-stimulating substances. Furthermore, virotherapy offers more excellent anticancer activity in combination with established treatment modalities such as immune therapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This review presents a concise overview of the roles played by infectious agents, such as viruses in cancer progression. In addition, we have thoroughly summarized the advancements in utilizing viruses for their oncolytic properties in conjunction with established cancer treatment modalities such as chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Ranjan Dash
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Anushka Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India.
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Arthur AW, El-Zein M, Burchell AN, Tellier PP, Coutlée F, Franco EL. Detection and Clearance of Type-Specific and Phylogenetically Related Genital Human Papillomavirus Infections in Young Women in New Heterosexual Relationships. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:691-706. [PMID: 37824429 PMCID: PMC10938200 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections is essential to cervical cancer prevention planning. We estimated HPV type-specific infection detection and clearance in young women. METHODS The HPV Infection and Transmission among Couples through Heterosexual activity (HITCH) study is a prospective cohort of 502 college-age women who recently initiated a heterosexual relationship. We tested vaginal samples collected at 6 clinical visits over 24 months for 36 HPV types. Using rates and Kaplan-Meier analysis, we estimated time-to-event statistics with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for detection of incident infections and clearance of incident and present-at-baseline infections (separately). We conducted analyses at the woman- and HPV-levels, with HPV types grouped by phylogenetic relatedness. RESULTS By 24 months, we detected incident infections in 40.4% (CI, 33.4%-48.4%) of women. Incident subgenus 1 (43.4; CI, 33.6-56.4), 2 (47.1; CI, 39.9-55.5), and 3 (46.6; CI, 37.7-57.7) infections cleared at similar rates per 1000 infection-months. We observed similar homogeny in HPV-level clearance rates among present-at-baseline infections. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses provide type-specific infection natural history estimates for cervical cancer prevention planning. HPV-level analyses did not clearly indicate that high oncogenic risk subgenus 2 infections persist longer than their low oncogenic risk subgenera 1 and 3 counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Arthur
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariam El-Zein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ann N Burchell
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St.Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - François Coutlée
- Département Clinique de Médecine de Laboratoire, Service de Diagnostique Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eduardo L Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Wong A, Morgis R, Entenman J, Ramirez SI, Hays AL, Wright TS, Scartozzi CM, Ruffin MT, Moss JL. Exploratory Analysis of Concordance Between Clinician-Collected and Self-Sampled Human Papillomavirus Tests in a Small Cohort of Average- and High-Risk Patients. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2024; 5:259-266. [PMID: 38516651 PMCID: PMC10956530 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2024.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Cervical cancer screening rates have stagnated, but self-sampling modalities have the potential to increase uptake. This study compares the test characteristics of self-sampled high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) tests with clinician-collected hrHPV tests in average-risk (i.e., undergoing routine screening) and high-risk patients (i.e., receiving follow-up after abnormal screening results). Methods In this cross-sectional study, a relatively small cohort of average-risk (n = 35) and high-risk (n = 12) participants completed both clinician-collected and self-sampled hrHPV testing, along with a brief phone survey. We assessed hrHPV positivity, concordance, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity across both methods (for types 16, 18, or other hrHPV). We also explored the relationship between test concordance and sociodemographic/behavioral factors. Results Among average-risk participants, hrHPV positivity was 6% for both test methods (i.e., hrHPV-positive cases: n = 2), resulting in reported concordance, PPV, NPV, sensitivity, and specificity of 100%. Among high-risk participants, hrHPV positivity was 100% for clinician-collected tests but only 67% for self-sampled tests, showing varied concordance and sensitivity. Concordance was not associated with sociodemographic or behavioral factors. Conclusions Self-sampled hrHPV testing demonstrated high accuracy for average-risk patients in this exploratory study. However, its performance was less consistent in high-risk patients who had already received an abnormal screening result, which could be attributed to spontaneous viral clearance over time. The limited number of participants, particularly HPV-positive cases, suggests caution in interpreting these results. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these findings and to explore the integration of self-sampled hrHPV testing into routine clinical care, particularly for patients with a history of cervical abnormalities. Clinical Trial Registration NCT04591977, NCT04585243.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Wong
- Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca Morgis
- Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juliette Entenman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah I. Ramirez
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amy L. Hays
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tonya S. Wright
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina M. Scartozzi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Reading, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mack T. Ruffin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Moss
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Dong X, Zhan Y, Li S, Yang M, Gao Y. MKRN1 regulates the expression profiles and transcription factor activity in HeLa cells inhibition suppresses cervical cancer cell progression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6129. [PMID: 38480859 PMCID: PMC10937657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56830-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies worldwide, necessitating the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to investigate the significance of MKRN1 in cervical cancer and explore its potential as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. The results indicated that MKRN1 expression was up-regulated in cervical cancer tissues and correlated with advanced tumor stage, higher grade, and poor patient survival. Functional studies demonstrated that targeting MKRN1 effectively inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, highlighting its critical role in tumor progression and metastasis. Moreover, the knockdown of MKRN1 resulted in altered expression patterns of six transcription factor-encoding genes, revealing its involvement in gene regulation. Co-expression network analysis unveiled complex regulatory mechanisms underlying the effects of MKRN1 knockdown on gene expression. Furthermore, the results suggested that MKRN1 might serve as a diagnostic marker for personalized treatment strategies and a therapeutic target to inhibit tumor growth, metastasis, and overcome drug resistance. The development of MKRN1-targeted interventions might hold promise for advancing personalized medicine approaches in cervical cancer treatment. Further research is warranted to validate these findings, elucidate underlying mechanisms, and translate these insights into improved management and outcomes for cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Dong
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Yuling Zhan
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Suwan Li
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
- School of Basic Courses, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, No. 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
- Laboratory Animal Center, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
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Mazurec K, Trzeszcz M, Mazurec M, Streb J, Halon A, Jach R. Should we use risk selection tests for HPV 16 and/or 18 positive cases: Comparison of p16/Ki67 and cytology. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29500. [PMID: 38440951 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Major screening abnormalities in precolposcopic stage are tests results that imply direct referral to colposcopy (and/or expedited treatment) without performing additional high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (HSIL+) risk selection testing. Currently, both clinically validated HSIL+ risk selection tests, reflex cytology and reflex p16/Ki67 dual staining (DS), are being compared for use in primary human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening to avoid possible overtreatment, but there is still no sufficient data available for their performance. Among 30 066 liquid-based cervical cancer screening tests results, a group of 332 women was selected with available high-risk types of HPV tests results with 16/18 limited genotyping, liquid-based cytology, DS, and histology results from standardized colposcopy with biopsy. In HPV 16/18+ cases, three triage approaches were retrospectively analyzed. Predictive values for detection of HSIL+ were calculated and number of colposcopies required in each strategy. Both triage models with DS used (reflex cytology followed by DS, and reflex DS alone in all cases) had significantly higher positive predictive value for HSIL+ than strategy with reflex cytology alone (44.2%/45.7% vs. 28.3%; p < 0.0001). In models with DS, less colposcopies were required (95/92 vs. 152) and less colposcopies were needed per HSIL+ detection (2.26/2.19 vs. 3.54). Only one HSIL+ case was missed in both triage models with DS incorporation. p16/Ki67 dual-stain may be an effective, alone or combined with cytology, triage test to detect HSIL+ in patients with major screening abnormalities in primary HPV-based cervical cancer screening. Performing cytology as the first triage test improves the strategy by enabling referrals to expedited treatment in selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martyna Trzeszcz
- Corfamed Woman's Health Center, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Cytology, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Streb
- Department of Oncology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Halon
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Division of Clinical Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Robert Jach
- Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Tan SL, Selvachandran G, Ding W, Paramesran R, Kotecha K. Cervical Cancer Classification From Pap Smear Images Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network Models. Interdiscip Sci 2024; 16:16-38. [PMID: 37962777 PMCID: PMC10881721 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-023-00589-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common female cancers, cervical cancer often develops years after a prolonged and reversible pre-cancerous stage. Traditional classification algorithms used for detection of cervical cancer often require cell segmentation and feature extraction techniques, while convolutional neural network (CNN) models demand a large dataset to mitigate over-fitting and poor generalization problems. To this end, this study aims to develop deep learning models for automated cervical cancer detection that do not rely on segmentation methods or custom features. Due to limited data availability, transfer learning was employed with pre-trained CNN models to directly operate on Pap smear images for a seven-class classification task. Thorough evaluation and comparison of 13 pre-trained deep CNN models were performed using the publicly available Herlev dataset and the Keras package in Google Collaboratory. In terms of accuracy and performance, DenseNet-201 is the best-performing model. The pre-trained CNN models studied in this paper produced good experimental results and required little computing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Lyn Tan
- Institute of Actuarial Science and Data Analytics, UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ganeshsree Selvachandran
- School of Business, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International University, Pune, 412115, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Weiping Ding
- School of Information Science and Technology, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Raveendran Paramesran
- School of Information Technology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ketan Kotecha
- Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Pune, 412115, India
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Haqshenas G, Molano M, Phillips S, Balgovind P, Garland SM, Hawkes D, Brotherton JM, Machalek DA, Murray G. Evaluation of Seegene Anyplex II Performance for Detection of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Cervical Cancer Specimens. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:353-358. [PMID: 37226838 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0317-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues may identify the cause of lesions and has value for the development of new diagnostic assays and epidemiologic studies. Seegene Anyplex II assays are widely used for HPV screening, but their performance using FFPE samples has not been fully explored. OBJECTIVE.— To validate Anyplex II HPV HR Detection (Anyplex II, Seegene) using FFPE samples. DESIGN.— We used 248 stored DNA extracts from cervical cancer FFPE samples collected during 2005-2015 that tested HPV positive using the RHA kit HPV SPF10-LiPA25, v1 (SPF10, Labo Biomedical Products) HPV genotyping assay, manufacturer-validated for FFPE samples. RESULTS.— Of the selected 248 samples, 243 were used in our analysis. Consistent with SPF10 genotyping results, Anyplex II detected all 12 oncogenic types and had an overall HPV detection rate of 86.4% (210 of 243 samples). Anyplex II and SPF10 showed very high agreement for the detection of the 2 most important oncogenic genotypes: HPV 16 (219 of 226; 96.9%; 95% CI, 93.7-98.75) and HPV 18 (221 of 226; 97.8%; 95% CI, 94.9-99.3). CONCLUSIONS.— Overall results showed that both platforms produced comparable HPV genotyping results, indicating the suitability of Anyplex II for FFPE samples. The Anyplex II assay has the added convenience of being an efficient, single-well semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Further optimization of Anyplex II may enhance its performance using FFPE samples by improving the detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Haqshenas
- From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
| | - Monica Molano
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
| | - Samuel Phillips
- From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
| | - Prisha Balgovind
- From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
| | - David Hawkes
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology (Hawkes)
- the Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Melbourne, Australia (Hawkes, Brotherton)
- the Department of Pathology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Hawkes)
| | - Julia Ml Brotherton
- the School of Population and Global Health (Brotherton), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Machalek
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (Machalek)
| | - Gerald Murray
- From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
- the Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Molano, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Machalek, Murray)
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Haqshenas, Phillips, Balgovind, Garland, Murray)
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Li X, Ning R, Xiao B, Meng S, Sun H, Fan X, Li S. A multi-variable predictive warning model for cervical cancer using clinical and SNPs data. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1294230. [PMID: 38455474 PMCID: PMC10918689 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1294230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among female worldwide. Early detection and intervention are essential. This study aims to construct an early predictive warning model for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions utilizing clinical data and simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Methods Clinical data and germline SNPs were collected from 472 participants. Univariate logistic regression, least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), and stepwise regression were performed to screen variables. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) and neural network(NN) were applied to establish models. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the models' efficiencies. The performance of models was validated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Results The LR model, which included 6 SNPs and 2 clinical variables as independent risk factors for cervical carcinogenesis, was ultimately chosen as the most optimal model. The DCA showed that the LR model had a good clinical application. Discussion The predictive model effectively foresees cervical cancer risk using clinical and SNP data, aiding in planning timely interventions. It provides a transparent tool for refining clinical decisions in cervical cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoqi Ning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Silu Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiying Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinran Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang Z, Liu C, Liu W, Lv X, Hu T, Yang F, Yang W, He L, Huang X. Long-read sequencing reveals the structural complexity of genomic integration of HPV DNA in cervical cancer cell lines. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:198. [PMID: 38378450 PMCID: PMC10877919 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10101-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) causes more than 311,000 deaths annually worldwide. The integration of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a crucial genetic event that contributes to cervical carcinogenesis. Despite HPV DNA integration is known to disrupt the genomic architecture of both the host and viral genomes in CC, the complexity of this process remains largely unexplored. RESULTS In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) at 55-65X coverage utilizing the PacBio long-read sequencing platform in SiHa and HeLa cells, followed by comprehensive analyses of the sequence data to elucidate the complexity of HPV integration. Firstly, our results demonstrated that PacBio long-read sequencing effectively identifies HPV integration breakpoints with comparable accuracy to targeted-capture Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods. Secondly, we constructed detailed models of complex integrated genome structures that included both the HPV genome and nearby regions of the human genome by utilizing PacBio long-read WGS. Thirdly, our sequencing results revealed the occurrence of a wide variety of genome-wide structural variations (SVs) in SiHa and HeLa cells. Additionally, our analysis further revealed a potential correlation between changes in gene expression levels and SVs on chromosome 13 in the genome of SiHa cells. CONCLUSIONS Using PacBio long-read sequencing, we have successfully constructed complex models illustrating HPV integrated genome structures in SiHa and HeLa cells. This accomplishment serves as a compelling demonstration of the valuable capabilities of long-read sequencing in detecting and characterizing HPV genomic integration structures within human cells. Furthermore, these findings offer critical insights into the complex process of HPV16 and HPV18 integration and their potential contribution to the development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Wuhan Kandwise Biotechnology, Inc. Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Wuhan Kandwise Biotechnology, Inc. Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Song Y, Zhang A, Zhou J, Luo Y, Lin Z, Zhou T. Overlapping cytoplasms segmentation via constrained multi-shape evolution for cervical cancer screening. Artif Intell Med 2024; 148:102756. [PMID: 38325933 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2023.102756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Segmenting overlapping cytoplasms in cervical smear images is a clinically essential task for quantitatively measuring cell-level features to screen cervical cancer This task, however, remains rather challenging, mainly due to the deficiency of intensity (or color) information in the overlapping region Although shape prior-based models that compensate intensity deficiency by introducing prior shape information about cytoplasm are firmly established, they often yield visually implausible results, as they model shape priors only by limited shape hypotheses about cytoplasm, exploit cytoplasm-level shape priors alone, and impose no shape constraint on the resulting shape of the cytoplasm In this paper, we present an effective shape prior-based approach, called constrained multi-shape evolution, that segments all overlapping cytoplasms in the clump simultaneously by jointly evolving each cytoplasm's shape guided by the modeled shape priors We model local shape priors (cytoplasm-level) by an infinitely large shape hypothesis set which contains all possible shapes of the cytoplasm In the shape evolution, we compensate intensity deficiency for the segmentation by introducing not only the modeled local shape priors but also global shape priors (clump-level) modeled by considering mutual shape constraints of cytoplasms in the clump We also constrain the resulting shape in each evolution to be in the built shape hypothesis set for further reducing implausible segmentation results We evaluated the proposed method in two typical cervical smear datasets, and the extensive experimental results confirm its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyi Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jinglin Zhou
- School of Philosophy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yu Luo
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhizhe Lin
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Teng Zhou
- School of Cyberspace Security, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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40
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Wheeler CM, Torrez-Martinez NE, Torres-Chavolla E, Parvu V, Andrews JC, Du R, Robertson M, Joste NE, Cuzick J. Comparing the performance of 2 human papillomavirus assays for a new use indication: a real-world evidence-based evaluation in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:243.e1-243.e11. [PMID: 37806613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The US Food and Drug Administration supports innovations to facilitate new indications for high-risk human papillomavirus testing. This report describes the retrospective testing of stored specimens and analysis of existing data to efficiently and cost-effectively support a new indication for the Onclarity human papillomavirus assay (Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences - Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, MD). The performance of this index test was compared with that of a predicate test, the cobas human papillomavirus assay (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). Both human papillomavirus assays are based on real-time polymerase chain reaction platforms that detect the presence of 14 high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes. The predicate assay reports human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 as individual results and the other 12 human papillomavirus genotypes as 1 pooled result. The index assay reports 9 independent results (human papillomavirus types 16, 18, 31, 33/58, 35/39/68, 45, 51, 52, and 56/59/66). Both the index and predicate assays are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for cervical cancer screening, but at the time that this study was initiated, the index human papillomavirus assay was not approved for use with cervical specimens collected in PreservCyt (Hologic, Inc, San Diego, CA) liquid-based cytology media. OBJECTIVE The performance of the index human papillomavirus assay was compared with that of the predicate human papillomavirus assay for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or greater and 3 or greater (≥CIN2 or ≥CIN3) using PreservCyt liquid-based cytology specimens collected from women aged 21 to 65 years. In addition, the ability of the index test's extended genotyping to stratify ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 risks, using these specimens, was evaluated. STUDY DESIGN The New Mexico HPV Pap Registry was used to select an age- and cytology-stratified random sample of 19,879 women undergoing opportunistic cervical screening and follow-up in routine clinical practice across New Mexico. A subset (n = 4820) of PreservCyt specimens was selected from 19,879 women for paired testing by the index and predicate human papillomavirus assays within age and cytology strata and included women with or without cervical biopsy follow-up. Point estimate differences and ratios were calculated for cervical disease detection and positivity rates, respectively, with 95% confidence intervals to determine statistical significance. The cumulative risk of ≥CIN2 or ≥CIN3, with up to 5-year follow-up, was estimated for the index assay using Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS The 5-year cumulative ≥CIN3 detection rates were 5.6% for the index assay and 4.6% for the predicate assay (difference, 1.0%; 95% confidence interval, 0.5%-1.5%). The ≥CIN3 positivity rates within <1 year were 95.3% for the index assay and 94.5% for the predicate assay (ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.06). The ≥CIN3 cumulative positivity rates for the index and predicate assays were also similar at 5 years. Among cases of ≥CIN3, the positive agreement rates between the index and predicate assays for human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 were 100.0% (95% confidence interval, 95.0%-100.0%) and 90.9% (95% confidence interval, 62.3%-98.4%), respectively. Human papillomavirus type 16 carried the highest ≥CIN2 or ≥CIN3 risk, followed by human papillomavirus types 18/31/33/58/52/45 and human papillomavirus types 35/56/59/51/56/59/66. CONCLUSION The index and predicate human papillomavirus assays demonstrated equivalent performance, and extended human papillomavirus genotyping, using the index assay, provided effective ≥CIN2 and ≥CIN3 risk stratification, supporting a new indication for use of the index assay with PreservCyt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosette M Wheeler
- Center for HPV Prevention, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM.
| | - Norah E Torrez-Martinez
- Center for HPV Prevention, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Edith Torres-Chavolla
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences - Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, MD
| | - Valentin Parvu
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences - Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, MD
| | - Jeffrey C Andrews
- Becton, Dickinson and Company, BD Life Sciences - Integrated Diagnostic Solutions, Sparks, MD
| | - Ruofei Du
- Center for HPV Prevention, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Michael Robertson
- Center for HPV Prevention, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Nancy E Joste
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Jack Cuzick
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Bartosik M, Moranova L, Izadi N, Strmiskova J, Sebuyoya R, Holcakova J, Hrstka R. Advanced technologies towards improved HPV diagnostics. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29409. [PMID: 38293790 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer, and an important factor in other malignancies, for example, head and neck cancer. Despite recent progress in screening and vaccination, the incidence and mortality are still relatively high, especially in low-income countries. The mortality and financial burden associated with the treatment could be decreased if a simple, rapid, and inexpensive technology for HPV testing becomes available, targeting individuals for further monitoring with increased risk of developing cancer. Commercial HPV tests available in the market are often relatively expensive, time-consuming, and require sophisticated instrumentation, which limits their more widespread utilization. To address these challenges, novel technologies are being implemented also for HPV diagnostics that include for example, isothermal amplification techniques, lateral flow assays, CRISPR-Cas-based systems, as well as microfluidics, paperfluidics and lab-on-a-chip devices, ideal for point-of-care testing in decentralized settings. In this review, we first evaluate current commercial HPV tests, followed by a description of advanced technologies, explanation of their principles, critical evaluation of their strengths and weaknesses, and suggestions for their possible implementation into medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Bartosik
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Moranova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nasim Izadi
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Johana Strmiskova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ravery Sebuyoya
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Holcakova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kofler B, Widschwendter A, Hofauer B, Gatt C, Fabel S, Leichtle A, Ciresa-König A, Dudas J, Borena W. Is an oropharyngeal HPV infection more frequently detectable in women with a genital HPV infection? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:1041-1046. [PMID: 37947818 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE If not eliminated by the immune system and persisting over years, oropharyngeal high-risk HPV infection can lead to cancer development in the oropharynx. HPV infection is very commonly found in the genital region and can serve as an HPV reservoir. In this study, we investigate whether women with a genital HPV infection are at a higher risk of harboring an undetected oropharyngeal HPV infection via genital-oropharyngeal transmission. METHODS Women presenting for routine gynecological checkups were included in this study. All participants received an HPV brush test from the genital region as well as from the oropharynx. Additionally, probable risk factors for an HPV infection were assessed in a structured questionnaire. RESULTS 142 women were included in this study. The rate of oropharyngeal HPV infection was low with 2/142 (1,4%) women positive for a low-risk HPV genotype. In the genital brush test, 54/142 (38%) women were tested HPV positive of which 41/142 (29%) were positive for a high-risk HPV genotype. CONCLUSIONS The rate of an oropharyngeal HPV detection in our population was low with 2/142 women harboring a low-risk HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kofler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Andreas Widschwendter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benedikt Hofauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carina Gatt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sophie Fabel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anke Leichtle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ciresa-König
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wegene Borena
- Institute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology, Social Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 4B, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Hu Y, Liu L, Wang C, Zhou J, Liu R, Lv Y. CRISPR-Cas12a-enhanced mass spectrometric DNA nanomachine for HPV-16 detection in human serum. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:976-979. [PMID: 38165777 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05949a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most harmful cancer to women, while human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 is the main cause of cervical cancer. Early virus screening can reduce the risk of death, but is sometimes challenged by the low concentration and complicated matrix in physiological samples such as human serum. Herein, we report a CRISPR-Cas12a-enhanced mass spectrometric 3D DNA nanomachine for HPV-16 detection in human serum. Thanks to the high sensitivity of the CRISPR-Cas12a-enhanced 3D DNA nanomachine, and the high matrix-tolerance of elemental mass spectrometry, the proposed method was successfully applied for direct human serum analysis with a low detection limit of 1.2 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Liwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Pangang Group Research Institute Co, Ltd, Panzhihua 617000, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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Li M, Zheng W. Sigmoid colonic metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: A rare case report with literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37001. [PMID: 38241535 PMCID: PMC10798777 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE As the third most common cancer in women, cervical cancer usually spreads to adjacent organs. Distant metastasis from the cervix to the gastrointestinal tract is an extremely rare occurrence. PATIENT CONCERNS Herein, we present a rare case of a 57-year-old woman who was treated by hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix. A metastatic location in the sigmoid colon was revealed after 8 years causing an acute intestinal obstruction in this patient. DIAGNOSES Final surgical pathology showed an invasive lesion with squamous differentiation in full thickness of the colon wall from mucosa to serosa. Meanwhile, the results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed the cancer cells were positive for CK5/6, P63, P40, and P16 confirming the diagnosis of metastatic sigmoid colonic carcinoma originating from SCC of the uterine cervix. INTERVENTIONS Sigmoid colon resection with lymph node dissection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (paclitaxel, carboplatin, and paprillizumab) was performed on the patient. OUTCOMES The patient was disease-free 16 months after surgery. LESSONS SUBSECTIONS SCC is one of the rare malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract occurring as either a primary or secondary lesion. However, the secondary SCC of the colon has a poorer prognosis compared with the primary SCC. Therefore, colonic metastasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction, especially in patients with the medical history of SCC in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Li
- Departments of Pathology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Okayama K, Kakinuma M, Teruya K, Oda M, Fujii M, Kimura H, Sasagawa T, Okodo M. Predictive Value of Various Atypical Cells for the Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Smears. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1212. [PMID: 38279211 PMCID: PMC10816237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
It is thought that numerous genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with various atypical cells, such as multinucleated cells, koilocytes, binucleated cells, parakeratotic cells, and giant cells, in the cervix. We previously showed the specificity of HPV genotypes for koilocytes and multinucleated cells. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the association among HPV genotypes and binucleated cells, parakeratotic cells, and giant cells in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. We detected HPV genotypes and atypical cells in 651 cases of liquid-based cytology with an abnormal Pap smear. The HPV genotypes associated with atypical cells were evaluated using stepwise logistic regression with backward elimination and a likelihood ratio test for model construction. Polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the HPV genotypes in whole liquid-based cytology samples and microdissected cell samples from Pap smear slides. Binucleated cells were significantly associated with HPV genotype 42. Moreover, parakeratotic cells were significantly associated with certain HPV genotypes, such as HPV40. However, it was difficult to detect specific HPV genotypes by the manual microdissection-polymerase chain reaction method despite the presence of binucleated cells and parakeratotic cells. Thus, the presence of binucleated cells, parakeratotic cells, and giant cells in Pap smears may not be predictive of cervical lesions above low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or infection with highly carcinogenic HPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Okayama
- Department of Health Science, Gunma Paz University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-7-1 Tonyamachi, Takasaki-shi 370-0006, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mao Kakinuma
- Department of Health Science, Gunma Paz University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-7-1 Tonyamachi, Takasaki-shi 370-0006, Gunma, Japan
| | - Koji Teruya
- Department of Health and Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mizue Oda
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, 3-6-5 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku 102-0072, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Fujii
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health Care, 3-6-5 Iidabashi, Chiyoda-ku 102-0072, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- Department of Health Science, Gunma Paz University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-7-1 Tonyamachi, Takasaki-shi 370-0006, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sasagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Uchinadadaigaku, Kahoku-gun 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Okodo
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi 181-8621, Tokyo, Japan
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Dhokotera TG, Muchengeti M, Davidović M, Rohner E, Olago V, Egger M, Bohlius J. Gynaecologic and breast cancers in women living with HIV in South Africa: A record linkage study. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:284-296. [PMID: 37682630 PMCID: PMC10884939 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast and gynaecologic cancers account for approximately half of all cancers diagnosed amongst women in South Africa, many of whom also live with HIV. We aimed to determine the incidence of and risk factors for developing breast and gynaecologic cancers in women living with HIV (WLHIV) in South Africa. This is a longitudinal analysis of the South African HIV Cancer Match study including women aged ≥15 years with two or more HIV-related laboratory tests. We used Cox proportional hazard models to determine the association of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-related and hormone-related gynaecologic cancer with patient- and municipal-level characteristics. From 3 447 908 women and 10.5 million years of follow-up, we identified 11 384 incident and 7612 prevalent gynaecologic and breast cancers. The overall crude incidence rate was 108/1 00 000 person-years (pyears) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 106-110), with the highest incidence observed for cervical cancer (70/1 00 000 pyears; 95% CI: 68.5-71.7). Low CD4 cell counts and high HIV RNA viral loads increased the risk of cervical and other HPV-related cancers. Age was associated with both HPV-related and hormone-related cancers. Women accessing health facilities in high socioeconomic position (SEP) municipalities were more likely to be diagnosed with HPV-related cancers and breast cancer than women accessing care in low SEP municipalities. It is important to improve the immunologic status of WLHIV as part of cancer prevention strategies in WLHIV. Cancer prevention and early detection programmes should be tailored to the needs of women ageing with HIV. In addition, SEP disparities in cancer diagnostic services have to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafadzwa G Dhokotera
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mazvita Muchengeti
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- South African DSI NRF Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Maša Davidović
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Rohner
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Victor Olago
- National Cancer Registry, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julia Bohlius
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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de Sanjosé S, Perkins RB, Campos N, Inturrisi F, Egemen D, Befano B, Rodriguez AC, Jerónimo J, Cheung LC, Desai K, Han P, Novetsky AP, Ukwuani A, Marcus J, Ahmed SR, Wentzensen N, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Schiffman M. Design of the HPV-automated visual evaluation (PAVE) study: Validating a novel cervical screening strategy. eLife 2024; 12:RP91469. [PMID: 38224340 PMCID: PMC10945624 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The HPV-automated visual evaluation (PAVE) Study is an extensive, multinational initiative designed to advance cervical cancer prevention in resource-constrained regions. Cervical cancer disproportionally affects regions with limited access to preventive measures. PAVE aims to assess a novel screening-triage-treatment strategy integrating self-sampled HPV testing, deep-learning-based automated visual evaluation (AVE), and targeted therapies. Methods Phase 1 efficacy involves screening up to 100,000 women aged 25-49 across nine countries, using self-collected vaginal samples for hierarchical HPV evaluation: HPV16, else HPV18/45, else HPV31/33/35/52/58, else HPV39/51/56/59/68 else negative. HPV-positive individuals undergo further evaluation, including pelvic exams, cervical imaging, and biopsies. AVE algorithms analyze images, assigning risk scores for precancer, validated against histologic high-grade precancer. Phase 1, however, does not integrate AVE results into patient management, contrasting them with local standard care.Phase 2 effectiveness focuses on deploying AVE software and HPV genotype data in real-time clinical decision-making, evaluating feasibility, acceptability, cost-effectiveness, and health communication of the PAVE strategy in practice. Results Currently, sites have commenced fieldwork, and conclusive results are pending. Conclusions The study aspires to validate a screen-triage-treat protocol utilizing innovative biomarkers to deliver an accurate, feasible, and cost-effective strategy for cervical cancer prevention in resource-limited areas. Should the study validate PAVE, its broader implementation could be recommended, potentially expanding cervical cancer prevention worldwide. Funding The consortial sites are responsible for their own study costs. Research equipment and supplies, and the NCI-affiliated staff are funded by the National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program including supplemental funding from the Cancer Cures Moonshot Initiative. No commercial support was obtained. Brian Befano was supported by NCI/ NIH under Grant T32CA09168.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia de Sanjosé
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
- ISGlobalBarcelonaSpain
| | - Rebecca B Perkins
- University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine/Boston Medical CenterBostonUnited States
| | - Nicole Campos
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonUnited States
| | - Federica Inturrisi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Didem Egemen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Brian Befano
- Information Management Services IncCalvertonUnited States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public HealthSeattleUnited States
| | - Ana Cecilia Rodriguez
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Jose Jerónimo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Li C Cheung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Kanan Desai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Paul Han
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Akiva P Novetsky
- Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical CollegeValhallaUnited States
| | - Abigail Ukwuani
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Jenna Marcus
- Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Syed Rakin Ahmed
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeUnited States
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth CollegeHanoverUnited States
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
| | - Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonUnited States
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Mark Schiffman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleUnited States
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48
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Egemen D, Perkins RB, Cheung LC, Befano B, Rodriguez AC, Desai K, Lemay A, Ahmed SR, Antani S, Jeronimo J, Wentzensen N, Kalpathy-Cramer J, De Sanjose S, Schiffman M. Artificial intelligence-based image analysis in clinical testing: lessons from cervical cancer screening. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:26-33. [PMID: 37758250 PMCID: PMC10777665 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel screening and diagnostic tests based on artificial intelligence (AI) image recognition algorithms are proliferating. Some initial reports claim outstanding accuracy followed by disappointing lack of confirmation, including our own early work on cervical screening. This is a presentation of lessons learned, organized as a conceptual step-by-step approach to bridge the gap between the creation of an AI algorithm and clinical efficacy. The first fundamental principle is specifying rigorously what the algorithm is designed to identify and what the test is intended to measure (eg, screening, diagnostic, or prognostic). Second, designing the AI algorithm to minimize the most clinically important errors. For example, many equivocal cervical images cannot yet be labeled because the borderline between cases and controls is blurred. To avoid a misclassified case-control dichotomy, we have isolated the equivocal cases and formally included an intermediate, indeterminate class (severity order of classes: case>indeterminate>control). The third principle is evaluating AI algorithms like any other test, using clinical epidemiologic criteria. Repeatability of the algorithm at the borderline, for indeterminate images, has proven extremely informative. Distinguishing between internal and external validation is also essential. Linking the AI algorithm results to clinical risk estimation is the fourth principle. Absolute risk (not relative) is the critical metric for translating a test result into clinical use. Finally, generating risk-based guidelines for clinical use that match local resources and priorities is the last principle in our approach. We are particularly interested in applications to lower-resource settings to address health disparities. We note that similar principles apply to other domains of AI-based image analysis for medical diagnostic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Egemen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca B Perkins
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston Medical Center/Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li C Cheung
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Brian Befano
- Information Management Services Inc, Calverton, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ana Cecilia Rodriguez
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kanan Desai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andreanne Lemay
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Syed Rakin Ahmed
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Sameer Antani
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jose Jeronimo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Silvia De Sanjose
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark Schiffman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Seyoum A, Seyoum B, Gure T, Alemu A, Alemayehu DH, Alemu A, Belachew A, Tefera DA, Aseffa A, Howe R, Mulu A, Mihret A. High rate of non-vaccine targeted high-risk HPV genotypes circulate among women in Eastern Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:958. [PMID: 38200092 PMCID: PMC10781741 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization [WHO] recommends a genotype-specific human papillomavirus [HPV] vaccination as a primary prevention strategy to control the burden of cervical cancer globally. In Ethiopia, where the non-vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes have not been adequately studied, a vaccination initiative was launched in 2018 targeting HPV-6,-11, -16, and -18 for girls aged 14-18 years. The co-existence of both vaccine-targeted and non-targeted genotypes is a serious concern, as it can accelerate cancer progression. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of non-vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes and assess the level of multiple infections with other genotypes in eastern Ethiopia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study including 110 women with positive HPV DNA results was conducted from April to August 2021. A structured questionnaire to collect demographic and clinical data was used. Cervical swabs were collected using L-shaped FLOQSwabs. Women's cytological profile was determined based on Pap smear test results. An automated nucleic acid extraction system using STARMag 96 ProPrep Universal Extraction Kit was utilized following the manufacturer's protocol. An amplification assay in real-time was employed to amplify and identify the HPV Late 1 [L1] gene, which is utilized for genotyping purposes. Following this, the collected data was entered into Epi data version 3.1 software, and the analysis was performed using STATA version 14. A total of 110 women [age range 30-60 years, mean age = 36.5 years and SD ± 6.9] had positive HPV DNA results and were included in the study. Among these, 108 women had valid co-testing [Pap test and HPV DNA test] results for further analysis, and the results of the remaining 2 women were rejected. Overall, the prevalence of non-vaccine-targeted HPV was 56 (51.8%, 95%CI [0.42, 0.61]), of which 28 women (25.4%, 95%CI [0.18, 0.34]) had a single non-vaccine HPV genotype infection. The remaining 29 women (26.4%, 95% CI: 0.190-0.355) experienced multiple infections. The non-vaccine-targeted genotypes of HPV-35 accounted for 11 cases (10%, 95%CI [0.06, 0.17]), HPV-68 was detected in 9 women (8.2%, 95%CI [0.04, 0.15]), HPV-56 and HPV-66 were both found in 8 cases each (7.3%, 95%CI [0.04, 0.14]) of the total. In addition, out of these 108 women, 93 (86.1%, 95%CI [0.78, 0.91]) had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 13 (12%, 95%CI [0.07, 0.20]) no intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, and two (1.9%, 95%CI [0.01, 0.07]) high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference [p = 0.755] between vaccine-targeted and non-vaccine-targeted genotypes as the primary cause of cervical lesions. In conclusion, the findings of the present study highlight the existence of a notable prevalence of multiple infections caused by non-vaccine-targeted HPV genotypes. Therefore, it is recommended that both the Federal and regional health bureaus to evaluate the range of hr HPV genotypes protected by the current HPV vaccine and explore the option of transitioning from the quadrivalent HPV vaccine to a novavalent vaccine that includes seven high-risk HPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayichew Seyoum
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Berhanu Seyoum
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Gure
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ashenafi Alemu
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Addisu Alemu
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Belachew
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rawleigh Howe
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Adane Mihret
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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50
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Liu S, Li Z, Lan S, Hao H, Baz AA, Yan X, Gao P, Chen S, Chu Y. The Dual Roles of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Inflammation, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pathogen Infection Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:824. [PMID: 38255898 PMCID: PMC10815024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors are pivotal regulators in the cellular life process. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) family, plays a crucial role as cells respond to various stresses and damage. As a transcription factor, ATF3 significantly influences signal transduction regulation, orchestrating a variety of signaling pathways, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation. In addition, ATF3 serves as an essential link between inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune responses. This review summarizes the recent advances in research on ATF3 activation and its role in regulating inflammatory responses, cell apoptosis, and ferroptosis while exploring the dual functions of ATF3 in these processes. Additionally, this article discusses the role of ATF3 in diseases related to pathogenic microbial infections. Our review may be helpful to better understand the role of ATF3 in cellular responses and disease progression, thus promoting advancements in clinical treatments for inflammation and oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Zhangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shimei Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Huafang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Ahmed Adel Baz
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Xinmin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Shengli Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou 730046, China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730046, China
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