1
|
Tabatabaei Hosseini BS, Meadows K, Gabriel V, Hu J, Kim K. Biofabrication of Cellulose-based Hydrogels for Advanced Wound Healing: A Special Emphasis on 3D Bioprinting. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300376. [PMID: 38031512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Even with the current advancements in wound management, addressing most skin injuries and wounds continues to pose a significant obstacle for the healthcare industry. As a result, researchers are now focusing on creating innovative materials utilizing cellulose and its derivatives. Cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer in nature, has unique properties that make it a promising material for wound healing, such as biocompatibility, tunable physiochemical characteristics, accessibility, and low cost. 3D bioprinting technology has enabled the production of cellulose-based wound dressings with complex structures that mimic the extracellular matrix. The inclusion of bioactive molecules such as growth factors offers the ability to aid in promoting wound healing, while cellulose creates an ideal environment for controlled release of these biomolecules and moisture retention. The use of 3D bioprinted cellulose-based wound dressings has potential benefits for managing chronic wounds, burns, and painful wounds by promoting wound healing and reducing the risk of infection. This review provides an up-to-date summary of cellulose-based dressings manufactured by 3D bioprinting techniques by looking into wound healing biology, biofabrication methods, cellulose derivatives, and the existing cellulose bioinks targeted toward wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kieran Meadows
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vincent Gabriel
- Calgary Firefighters Burn Treatment Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Keekyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Magnano GC, Quadri M, Palazzo E, Lotti R, Loschi F, Dall'Acqua S, Abrami M, Larese Filon F, Marconi A, Hasa D. 3D human foreskin model for testing topical formulations of sildenafil citrate. Int J Pharm 2024; 649:123612. [PMID: 37992980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Sildenafil citrate is an approved drug used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation. Despite a widespread application, sildenafil citrate shows numerous adverse cardiovascular effects in high-risk patients. Local transdermal drug delivery of this drug is therefore being explored as an interesting and noninvasive alternative administration method that avoids adverse effects arised from peak plasma drug concentrations. Although human and animal skin represents the most reliable models to perform penetration studies, they involve a series of ethical issues and restrictions. For these reasons new in vitro approaches based on artificially reconstructed human skin or "human skin equivalents" are being developed as possible alternatives for transdermal testing. There is little information, however, on the efficiency of such new in vitro methods on cutaneous penetration of active ingredients. The objective of the current study was to investigate the sildenafil citrate loaded in three commercial transdermal vehicles using 3D full-thickness skin equivalent and compare the results with the permeability experiments using porcine skin. Our results demonstrated that, while the formulation plays an imperative role in an appropriate dermal uptake of sildenafil citrate, the D coefficient results obtained by using the 3D skin equivalent are comparable to those obtained by using the porcine skin when a simple drug suspension is applied (1.17 × 10-10 ± 0.92 × 10-10 cm2/s vs 3.5 × 102 ± 3.3 × 102 cm2/s), suggesting that in such case, this 3D skin model can be a valid alternative for ex-vivo skin absorption experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Camilla Magnano
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste, Italy; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy.
| | - Marika Quadri
- DermoLAB, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Palazzo
- DermoLAB, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberta Lotti
- DermoLAB, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Pharmacology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Pharmacology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Abrami
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Marconi
- DermoLAB, Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Dritan Hasa
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hazrati R, Davaran S, Keyhanvar P, Soltani S, Alizadeh E. A Systematic Review of Stem Cell Differentiation into Keratinocytes for Regenerative Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:362-393. [PMID: 37922106 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
To improve wound healing or treatment of other skin diseases, and provide model cells for skin biology studies, in vitro differentiation of stem cells into keratinocyte-like cells (KLCs) is very desirable in regenerative medicine. This study examined the most recent advancements in in vitro differentiation of stem cells into KLCs, the effect of biofactors, procedures, and preparation for upcoming clinical cases. A range of stem cells with different origins could be differentiated into KLCs under appropriate conditions. The most effective ways of stem cell differentiation into keratinocytes were found to include the co-culture with primary epithelial cells and keratinocytes, and a cocktail of growth factors, cytokines, and small molecules. KLCs should also be supported by biomaterials for the extracellular matrix (ECM), which replicate the composition and functionality of the in vivo extracellular matrix (ECM) and, thus, support their phenotypic and functional characteristics. The detailed efficient characterization of different factors, and their combinations, could make it possible to find the significant inducers for stem cell differentiation into epidermal lineage. Moreover, it allows the development of chemically known media for directing multi-step differentiation procedures.In conclusion, the differentiation of stem cells to KLCs is feasible and KLCs were used in experimental, preclinical, and clinical trials. However, the translation of KLCs from in vitro investigational system to clinically valuable cells is challenging and extremely slow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Hazrati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Peyman Keyhanvar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somaieh Soltani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Davis M, Hom D. Current and Future Developments in Wound Healing. Facial Plast Surg 2023; 39:477-488. [PMID: 37308128 PMCID: PMC11121504 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor wound healing on the face and neck can lead to significant morbidity and dissatisfaction in facial plastic surgery. With current advances in wound healing management and commercially available biologic and tissue-engineered products, there are several options available to optimize acute wound healing and treat delayed or chronic wounds. This article summarizes some of the key principals and recent developments in wound healing research in addition to potential future advancements in the field of soft tissue wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Davis
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - David Hom
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim M, Kim KY. Wound healing effects of Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract through the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37454069 PMCID: PMC10349518 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04066-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin is the outermost part of the human body and is essential in maintaining body homeostasis. In the event of skin injury, rapid wound repair is crucial to protect the body. In this study, we investigated the wound-healing properties of Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract by promoting keratinocyte proliferation. METHODS To evaluate the effect of Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract on skin regeneration, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure keratinocyte proliferation, while an in vitro wound-healing assay was performed to evaluate wound closure through keratinocyte re-epithelialization. The intracellular mechanisms of the extract were studied using Western blot analysis to measure the phosphorylated forms of mitogen-activated protein kinases and protein kinase B. The mRNA expression of cell cycle-related genes was analyzed using quantitative real time-PCR analysis. A murine in vivo wound-healing assay was also conducted to observe the effect of the extract on wound closure. RESULTS Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract induced 131.15% keratinocyte proliferation compared to the control in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The in vitro wound-healing assay showed that the extract improved wound closure by 216.94% through keratinocyte re-epithelialization. Western blot analysis revealed that the phosphorylated form of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 was increased by extract treatment. Quantitative real time-PCR analysis showed a dose-dependent increase in the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, and VEGF. The in vivo wound-healing assay showed a significant increase (22.13%) of wound closure compared to the control on day 5. CONCLUSION Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract promotes keratinocyte proliferation by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway and up-regulating the mRNA expression of c-fos, c-jun, and vascular endothelial growth factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minho Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon, Giheung, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Korea
| | - Ki-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon, Giheung, Yongin-Si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Korea.
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon, Giheung, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vatanashevanopakorn C, Sartyoungkul T. iPSC-based approach for human hair follicle regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1149050. [PMID: 37325563 PMCID: PMC10266356 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1149050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles (HFs) are a multifunctional structure involved in physical protection, thermoregulation, sensational detection, and wound healing. Formation and cycling of HFs require dynamic interaction between different cell types of the follicles. Although the processes have been well studied, the generation of human functional HFs with a normal cycling pattern for clinical utilization has yet to be achieved. Recently, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) serve as an unlimited cell source for generating various types of cells including cells of the HFs. In this review, HF morphogenesis and cycling, different cell sources used for HF regeneration, and potential strategies for HF bioengineering using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are depicted. Challenges and perspectives toward the therapeutic use of bioengineered HFs for hair loss disorder are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinnavuth Vatanashevanopakorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanutchaporn Sartyoungkul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frank E, Cailleret M, Nelep C, Fragner P, Polentes J, Herardot E, El Kassar L, Giraud-Triboult K, Monville C, Ben M'Barek K. Semi-automated optimized method to isolate CRISPR/Cas9 edited human pluripotent stem cell clones. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:110. [PMID: 37106426 PMCID: PMC10142500 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CRISPR/Cas9 editing systems are currently used to generate mutations in a particular gene to mimic a genetic disorder in vitro. Such "disease in a dish" models based on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer the opportunity to have access to virtually all cell types of the human body. However, the generation of mutated hPSCs remains fastidious. Current CRISPR/Cas9 editing approaches lead to a mixed cell population containing simultaneously non-edited and a variety of edited cells. These edited hPSCs need therefore to be isolated through manual dilution cloning, which is time-consuming, labor intensive and tedious. METHODS Following CRISPR/Cas9 edition, we obtained a mixed cell population with various edited cells. We then used a semi-automated robotic platform to isolate single cell-derived clones. RESULTS We optimized CRISPR/Cas9 editing to knock out a representative gene and developed a semi-automated method for the clonal isolation of edited hPSCs. This method is faster and more reliable than current manual approaches. CONCLUSIONS This novel method of hPSC clonal isolation will greatly improve and upscale the generation of edited hPSCs required for downstream applications including disease modeling and drug screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elie Frank
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Michel Cailleret
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | - Pascal Fragner
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre d'étude des cellules souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Jérome Polentes
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre d'étude des cellules souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Elise Herardot
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Lina El Kassar
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre d'étude des cellules souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Karine Giraud-Triboult
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
- CECS, Centre d'étude des cellules souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Christelle Monville
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
| | - Karim Ben M'Barek
- INSERM U861, I-Stem, AFM, Institute for Stem cell Therapy and Exploration of Monogenic Diseases, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
- U861, I-Stem, AFM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Evry, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
- CECS, Centre d'étude des cellules souches, 91100, Corbeil-Essonnes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Das R, Harper L, Kitajima K, Osman TAH, Cimpan MR, Johannssen AC, Suliman S, Mackenzie IC, Costea DE. Embryonic Stem Cells Can Generate Oral Epithelia under Matrix Instruction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097694. [PMID: 37175400 PMCID: PMC10177836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether molecular clues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) can induce oral epithelial differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) of the feeder-independent cell line E14 were used as a model for pluripotent stem cells. They were first grown in 2D on various matrices in media containing vitamin C and without leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Matrices investigated were gelatin, laminin, and extracellular matrices (ECM) synthesized by primary normal oral fibroblasts and keratinocytes in culture. Differentiation into epithelial lineages was assessed by light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry for cytokeratins and stem cell markers. ESC grown in 2D on various matrices were afterwards grown in 3D organotypic cultures with or without oral fibroblasts in the collagen matrix and examined histologically and by immunohistochemistry for epithelial (keratin pairs 1/10 and 4/13 to distinguish epidermal from oral epithelia and keratins 8,18,19 to phenotype simple epithelia) and mesenchymal (vimentin) phenotypes. ECM synthesized by either oral fibroblasts or keratinocytes was able to induce, in 2D cultures, the expression of cytokeratins of the stratified epithelial phenotype. When grown in 3D, all ESC developed into two morphologically distinct cell populations on collagen gels: (i) epithelial-like cells organized in islands with occasional cyst- or duct-like structures and (ii) spindle-shaped cells suggestive of mesenchymal differentiation. The 3D culture on oral fibroblast-populated collagen matrices was necessary for further differentiation into oral epithelia. Only ESC initially grown on 2D keratinocyte or fibroblast-synthesized matrices reached full epithelial maturation. In conclusion, ESC can generate oral epithelia under matrix instruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ridhima Das
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Lisa Harper
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Kayoko Kitajima
- Department of Endodontics, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata 951-8580, Japan
| | | | | | - Anne Chr Johannssen
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ian C Mackenzie
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Daniela-Elena Costea
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Center for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saidani M, Darle A, Jarrige M, Polveche H, El Kassar L, Julié S, Bessou-Touya S, Holic N, Lemaitre G, Martinat C, Baldeschi C, Allouche J. Generating Functional and Highly Proliferative Melanocytes Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: A Promising Tool for Biotherapeutic Approaches to Treat Skin Pigmentation Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076398. [PMID: 37047372 PMCID: PMC10094141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanocytes are essential for skin homeostasis and protection, and their loss or misfunction leads to a wide spectrum of diseases. Cell therapy utilizing autologous melanocytes has been used for years as an adjunct treatment for hypopigmentary disorders such as vitiligo. However, these approaches are hindered by the poor proliferative capacity of melanocytes obtained from skin biopsies. Recent advances in the field of human pluripotent stem cells have fueled the prospect of generating melanocytes. Here, we have developed a well-characterized method to produce a pure and homogenous population of functional and proliferative melanocytes. The genetic stability and potential transformation of melanocytes from pluripotent stem cells have been evaluated over time during the in vitro culture process. Thanks to transcriptomic analysis, the molecular signatures all along the differentiation protocol have been characterized, providing a solid basis for standardizing the protocol. Altogether, our results promise meaningful, broadly applicable, and longer-lasting advances for pigmentation disorders and open perspectives for innovative biotherapies for pigment disorders.
Collapse
|
10
|
Nishimoto R, Kodama C, Yamashita H, Hattori F. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Keratinocyte-Like Cells for Research on Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in Nonhistaminergic Cascades of Atopic Dermatitis . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:248-253. [PMID: 36351795 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocytes are the most abundant cells in the epidermis, and as part of the frontline immunologic defense system, keratinocytes function as a barrier to exogenous attacks. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is expressed in human keratinocytes and activated in several inflammatory conditions, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, we demonstrated the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell into keratinocytes by the improved, robust differentiation procedure and confirmed that human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived keratinocyte-like cells (iKera) express PAR2, which is activated by external addition of the ligand peptide and trypsin. The activation of PAR2 led to the release of calcium from intracellular calcium storage, followed by the release of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α Moreover, PAR2 antagonist I-191 (CAS No. 1690172-25-8) inhibited calcium release in a dose-dependent manner. This is the first study to demonstrate that iKera expresses a functional PAR2 protein. Furthermore, our results indicate crosstalk between the PAR2- and IL-4-mediated inflammatory axes in iKera, suggesting that iKera can be used as a platform for a broad range of mechanism-targeted drug screening in AD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This is the first study to provide evidence that human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived keratinocyte-like cells (iKera) express functional protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Furthermore, this study demonstrated in iKera that the IL-4 inflammatory axis can crosstalk with the PAR2-mediated inflammatory axis in keratinocytes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to indicate that iKera can be used for research and as a drug screening platform for atopic dermatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rio Nishimoto
- Innovative Regenerative Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K., H.Y., F.H.) and Osaka College of High-Technology, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K.)
| | - Chinatsu Kodama
- Innovative Regenerative Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K., H.Y., F.H.) and Osaka College of High-Technology, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K.)
| | - Hiromi Yamashita
- Innovative Regenerative Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K., H.Y., F.H.) and Osaka College of High-Technology, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K.)
| | - Fumiyuki Hattori
- Innovative Regenerative Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K., H.Y., F.H.) and Osaka College of High-Technology, Osaka, Japan (R.N., C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hsieh MCW, Wang WT, Lin CY, Kuo YR, Lee SS, Hou MF, Wu YC. Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Diabetic Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092085. [PMID: 36140185 PMCID: PMC9495374 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing and especially the “all-too-common” occurrence of associated diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are becoming an increasingly urgent and deteriorating healthcare issue, which drastically impact the quality of life and further heighten the risks of infection and amputation in patients with diabetes mellitus. Amongst the multifactorial wound healing determinants, glycemic dysregulation has been identified to be the primary casual factor of poor wound healing. Unfortunately, current therapeutic modalities merely serve as moderate symptomatic relieves but often fail to completely restore the wound site to its pre-injury state and prevent further recurrence. Stem cell-based therapeutics have been employed for its promising potential to address the root of the problem as they not only exhibit the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation towards multiple lineages, but also have been disclosed to participate in mediating variant growth factors and cytokines. Herein we review the current literatures on the therapeutic benefits of using various kinds of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in diabetic wound healing by searching on the PubMed® Database for publications. This study shall serve as an overview of the current body of research with particular focus on autologous ASCs and the laboratory expandable iPSCs in hope of shedding more light on this attractive therapy so as to elevate the efficacy of wound healing that is almost always compromised in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chien Willie Hsieh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chuang-Yu Lin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yur-Ren Kuo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Su-Shin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Wu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 7675)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim Y, Nam Y, Rim YA, Ju JH. Anti-fibrotic effect of a selective estrogen receptor modulator in systemic sclerosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:303. [PMID: 35841004 PMCID: PMC9284699 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02987-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The rarity of systemic sclerosis (SSc) has hampered the development of therapies for this intractable autoimmune disease. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) can be differentiated into the key disease-affected cells in vitro. The generation of patient-derived iPSCs has opened up possibilities for rare disease modeling. Since these cells can recapitulate the disease phenotypes of the cell in question, they are useful high-throughput platforms for screening for drugs that can reverse these abnormal phenotypes. Methods SSc iPSC was generated from PBMC by Sendai virus. Human iPSC lines from SSc patients were differentiated into dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. The iPSC-derived differentiated cells from the SSc patients were used on high-throughput platforms to screen for FDA-approved drugs that could be effective treatments for SSc. Results Skin organoids were generated from these cells exhibited fibrosis that resembled SSc skin. Screening of the 770-FDA-approved drug library showed that the anti-osteoporotic drug raloxifene reduced SSc iPSC-derived fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production and skin fibrosis in organoids and bleomycin-induced SSc-model mice. Conclusions This study reveals that a disease model of systemic sclerosis generated using iPSCs-derived skin organoid is a novel tool for in vitro and in vivo dermatologic research. Since raloxifene and bazedoxifene are well-tolerated anti-osteoporotic drugs, our findings suggest that selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-class drugs could treat SSc fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02987-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yena Kim
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,YiPSCELL Inc., 47-3, Banpo-dearo 39-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojun Nam
- YiPSCELL Inc., 47-3, Banpo-dearo 39-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeri Alice Rim
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,YiPSCELL Inc., 47-3, Banpo-dearo 39-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-040, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Segarra S, Naiken T, Garnier J, Hamon V, Coussay N, Bernard FX. Enhanced In Vitro Expression of Filaggrin and Antimicrobial Peptides Following Application of Glycosaminoglycans and a Sphingomyelin-Rich Lipid Extract. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070323. [PMID: 35878340 PMCID: PMC9316723 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Filaggrin is an epidermal protein involved in skin barrier formation and hydration, whose expression is altered in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). CAD patients also present an abnormal immune response with an altered expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), such as β-defensins and cathelicidins. Sphingolipids and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been reported to improve the skin barrier in several animal species, including dogs. Our objective was to evaluate the in vitro effects of a sphingomyelin-rich lipid extract (LE), a hyaluronic acid-rich GAG matrix, and their combination, on the expression of filaggrin and human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2). Filaggrin expression was quantified in a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), and hBD-2 in normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) cultures. LE and GAGs were tested at 0.02 mg/mL, with or without adding a cytokine mix. A significant increase in mean hBD-2, compared to the control (99 pg/mL) was achieved with LE (138 pg/mL) and LE+GAGs (165 pg/mL). Filaggrin increased with GAGs (202% ± 83) and LE (193% ± 44) vs. the stimulated control, but this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) only with LE+GAGs (210% ± 39). In conclusion, the tested GAGs and LE enhance filaggrin and AMP expression in vitro, which might benefit CAD patients if applied in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934904908
| | - Tanesha Naiken
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Julien Garnier
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Valérie Hamon
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | - Nathalie Coussay
- Bioalternatives, 86160 Gençay, France; (T.N.); (J.G.); (V.H.); (N.C.); (F.-X.B.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Human iPSC-derived-keratinocytes, a useful model to identify and explore pathological phenotype of Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2695-2705.e11. [PMID: 35490743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex (EBS), an autosomal dominant skin disorder, is characterized by skin fragility. Genetically, majority of cases are related to missense mutations in two keratin genes, KRT5 or KRT14, leading to cytolysis of basal keratinocytes and intraepidermal blistering. Progress towards identification of treatments have been hampered by incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying this disease, and availability of relevant and reliable in vitro models recapitulating the physiopathological mechanisms. Recent advances in stem cell field have fueled the prospect that these limitations could be overcome thanks to the availability of disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Here, we generated hiPSC-derived keratinocytes from patients carrying KRT5 dominant mutations and compared them to non-affected hiPSC-derived keratinocytes as well as their primary counterparts. Our results demonstrated that EBS hiPSC-derived keratinocytes displayed proliferative defects, increased capacity to migrate, alteration of ERK signaling pathway and cytoplasmic keratin filament aggregates as observed in primary EBS keratinocytes. Of interest, EBS hiPSC-derived keratinocytes exhibited a downregulation of hemidesmosomal proteins revealing the different effects of KRT5 mutations on keratin cytoskeletal organization. Combination of culture miniaturization and treatment with the chaperone molecule 4-PBA, our results demonstrated that hiPSC-derived keratinocytes represent a suitable model for identifying novel therapies for EBS.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wgealla MMAMA, Liang H, Chen R, Xie Y, Li F, Qin M, Zhang X. Amniotic fluid derived stem cells promote skin regeneration and alleviate scar formation through exosomal miRNA-146a-5p via targeting CXCR4. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5026-5036. [PMID: 35364624 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Regenerative medicine is promising in wound healing. Exosomes derived from human amniotic fluid derived stem cells(hAFS) have become an important area of research for many diseases as a key paracrine factor,but its effects in wound healing remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the possible role and possible mechanisms of hAFS in skin wound healing. METHODS hAFS were isolated from human amniotic fluid via routine amniocentesis. The mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group and hAFS group treated with 1.25×106 hAFS cells. immunohistochemistry staining was performed for histological analysis and qRT-PCR for assessment of gene levels. Luciferase Reporter Assay was performed for verification of target gene. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that hAFS accelerated wound closure. hAFS alleviated scar formation via promoting ECM remodeling, upregulating molecular of immune response, enhancing anti-fibrotic activity and decreasing the secretion of inflammation-associated cytokines through exosomal miRNA-146a-5p via targeting CXCR4. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, hAFS was a promising cell source for wound healing. The findings in this study provide vital references and pave the way for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mutwakil Mub Arak Mohammed Ali Wgealla
- Department of Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hansi Liang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology of Digestive Tract, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruihua Chen
- The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology of Digestive Tract, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yufei Xie
- Department of Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingde Qin
- Department of Immunology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.,The Stem Cell and Biomedical Material Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province (The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology of Digestive Tract, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Clinical Grade Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Engineered Skin Substitutes Promote Keratinocytes Wound Closure In Vitro. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071151. [PMID: 35406716 PMCID: PMC8998132 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds, such as leg ulcers associated with sickle cell disease, occur as a consequence of a prolonged inflammatory phase during the healing process. They are extremely hard to heal and persist as a significant health care problem due to the absence of effective treatment and the uprising number of patients. Indeed, there is a critical need to develop novel cell- and tissue-based therapies to treat these chronic wounds. Development in skin engineering leads to a small catalogue of available substitutes manufactured in Good Manufacturing Practices compliant (GMPc) conditions. Those substitutes are produced using primary cells that could limit their use due to restricted sourcing. Here, we propose GMPc protocols to produce functional populations of keratinocytes and fibroblasts derived from pluripotent stem cells to reconstruct the associated dermo-epidermal substitute with plasma-based fibrin matrix. In addition, this manufactured composite skin is biologically active and enhances in vitro wounding of keratinocytes. The proposed composite skin opens new perspectives for skin replacement using allogeneic substitute.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Chronic skin wounds are commonly found in older individuals who have impaired circulation due to diabetes or are immobilized due to physical disability. Chronic wounds pose a severe burden to the health-care system and are likely to become increasingly prevalent in aging populations. Various treatment approaches exist to help the healing process, although the healed tissue does not generally recapitulate intact skin but rather forms a scar that has inferior mechanical properties and that lacks appendages such as hair or sweat glands. This article describes new experimental avenues for attempting to improve the regenerative response of skin using biophysical techniques as well as biochemical methods, in some cases by trying to harness the potential of stem cells, either endogenous to the host or provided exogenously, to regenerate the skin. These approaches primarily address the local wound environment and should likely be combined with other modalities to address regional and systemic disease, as well as social determinants of health. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Volume 24 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA;
| | - Henry C Hsia
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mestrallet G, Rouas-Freiss N, LeMaoult J, Fortunel NO, Martin MT. Skin Immunity and Tolerance: Focus on Epidermal Keratinocytes Expressing HLA-G. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772516. [PMID: 34938293 PMCID: PMC8685247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of epidermal cells in skin regeneration has been extensively documented, their functions in immunity and tolerance mechanisms are largely underestimated. The aim of the present review was to outline the state of knowledge on resident immune cells of hematopoietic origin hosted in the epidermis, and then to focus on the involvement of keratinocytes in the complex skin immune networks acting in homeostasis and regeneration conditions. Based on this knowledge, the mechanisms of immune tolerance are reviewed. In particular, strategies based on immunosuppression mediated by HLA-G are highlighted, as recent advances in this field open up perspectives in epidermis-substitute bioengineering for temporary and permanent skin replacement strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Mestrallet
- Commissariat ã l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, DRF, Francois Jacob Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Radiobiology of Keratinopoiesis, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Nathalie Rouas-Freiss
- Commissariat ã l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, DRF, Francois Jacob Institute of Biology, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S 976 HIPI Unit, Paris, France
| | - Joel LeMaoult
- Commissariat ã l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, DRF, Francois Jacob Institute of Biology, Hemato-Immunology Research Department, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, UMR-S 976 HIPI Unit, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas O Fortunel
- Commissariat ã l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, DRF, Francois Jacob Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Radiobiology of Keratinopoiesis, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Michele T Martin
- Commissariat ã l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, DRF, Francois Jacob Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Radiobiology of Keratinopoiesis, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology, Evry, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Saint-Aubin, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jarrige M, Polvèche H, Carteron A, Janczarski S, Peschanski M, Auboeuf D, Martinat C. SISTEMA: A large and standardized collection of transcriptome data sets for human pluripotent stem cell research. iScience 2021; 24:102767. [PMID: 34278269 PMCID: PMC8271161 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells have ushered in an exciting new era for disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell therapy development. Continued progress toward realizing the potential of human pluripotent stem cells will be facilitated by robust data sets and complementary resources that are easily accessed and interrogated by the stem cell community. In this context, we present SISTEMA, a quality-controlled curated gene expression database, built on a valuable catalog of human pluripotent stem cell lines, and their derivatives for which transcriptomic analyses have been generated using a single experimental pipeline. SISTEMA functions as a one-step resource that will assist the stem cell community to easily evaluate the expression level for genes of interest, while comparing them across different hPSC lines, cell types, pathological conditions, or after pharmacological treatments. SISTEMA is a curated gene expression database using human pluripotent stem cell lines A single experimental and analytical pipeline are used for the transcriptomic analyses SISTEMA is a user friendly Web portal designed for the stem cell community
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stéphane Janczarski
- LBMC, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, 69007 Lyon, France
| | | | - Didier Auboeuf
- LBMC, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR 5239, INSERM U1210, 46 Allée d'Italie Site Jacques Monod, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Cécile Martinat
- INSERM/UEVE UMR 861, Paris Saclay Univ I-STEM, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Smith LA, Hidalgo Aguilar A, Owens DDG, Quelch RH, Knight E, Przyborski SA. Using Advanced Cell Culture Techniques to Differentiate Pluripotent Stem Cells and Recreate Tissue Structures Representative of Teratoma Xenografts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:667246. [PMID: 34026759 PMCID: PMC8134696 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.667246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various methods are currently used to investigate human tissue differentiation, including human embryo culture and studies utilising pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) such as in vitro embryoid body formation and in vivo teratoma assays. Each method has its own distinct advantages, yet many are limited due to being unable to achieve the complexity and maturity of tissue structures observed in the developed human. The teratoma xenograft assay allows maturation of more complex tissue derivatives, but this method has ethical issues surrounding animal usage and significant protocol variation. In this study, we have combined three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cell technologies including the common technique of embryoid body (EB) formation with a novel porous scaffold membrane, in order to prolong cell viability and extend the differentiation of PSC derived EBs. This approach enables the formation of more complex morphologically identifiable 3D tissue structures representative of all three primary germ layers. Preliminary in vitro work with the human embryonal carcinoma line TERA2.SP12 demonstrated improved EB viability and enhanced tissue structure formation, comparable to teratocarcinoma xenografts derived in vivo from the same cell line. This is thought to be due to reduced diffusion distances as the shape of the spherical EB transforms and flattens, allowing for improved nutritional/oxygen support to the developing structures over extended periods. Further work with EBs derived from murine embryonic stem cells demonstrated that the formation of a wide range of complex, recognisable tissue structures could be achieved within 2–3 weeks of culture. Rudimentary tissue structures from all three germ layers were present, including epidermal, cartilage and epithelial tissues, again, strongly resembling tissue structure of teratoma xenografts of the same cell line. Proof of concept work with EBs derived from the human embryonic stem cell line H9 also showed the ability to form complex tissue structures within this system. This novel yet simple model offers a controllable, reproducible method to achieve complex tissue formation in vitro. It has the potential to be used to study human developmental processes, as well as offering an animal free alternative method to the teratoma assay to assess the developmental potential of novel stem cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L A Smith
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - A Hidalgo Aguilar
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - D D G Owens
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - R H Quelch
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - E Knight
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - S A Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.,Reprocell Europe, NETPark, Sedgefield, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nguyen T, Lestienne F, Cousy A, Mengeaud V, Castex-Rizzi N. Effective inhibition of Th17/Th22 pathway in 2D and 3D human models of psoriasis by Celastrol enriched plant cell culture extract. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 34 Suppl 6:3-9. [PMID: 32783265 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease in which the Th17 pathway is mainly involved. Systemic interventions with biologics that specifically block the Th17 pathway are effective to treat severe psoriasis. However, for efficient topical treatment, small molecules are more suitable than antibodies to penetrate and target epidermal keratinocytes, the key players in psoriasis. Celastrol, a well-described triterpene, is present in low amounts in Tripterygium wilfordii roots. By using plant cell culture (PCC), we were able to boost Celastrol production in bioreactors. Here, we evaluated immune modulator effect of Celastrol enriched extract (CEE) in Th17/Th22 psoriasis induced in 2D and 3D human models in vitro in view of its dermatological usage. METHODS Human CD4+ T cells (hCD4), Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (NHEK), micro-epidermis and reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) were preincubated with CEE and reference controls. Then, hCD4 were stimulated by anti-[CD3/CD28] while others were stimulated by Th17/22 cytokines cocktails. Psoriasis biomarkers were assessed by ELISA (hCD4 and RHE), by RT-qPCR (NHEK) or by ICH/ELISA (micro-epidermis). RESULTS In 2D stimulated models (hCD4 and NHEK), CEE dose dependently inhibited, respectively, the expression of Th17 cytokines and psoriasis induced biomarkers. In 3D models (RHE and micro-epidermis), IL-8 expression was significantly reduced (RHE) and native phenotype was restored by CEE (micro-epidermis). CONCLUSION These results clearly showed that Th17/Th22 cytokines, main inflammatory parameters, and psoriasis associated key biomarkers were inhibited by CEE in both 2D and 3D human in vitro models. Therefore, skin homeostasis could be restored by these modulator effects. Moreover, this high added value CEE was obtained by an ecofriendly bioprocess in contrast to traditional roots extracts. This is the first time that a well-defined CEE immune modulator has been proposed for psoriasis adjuvant care to reduce inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Nguyen
- Biotechnology, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - F Lestienne
- Pharmacology Division, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - A Cousy
- Biotechnology, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse cedex, France
| | - V Mengeaud
- Laboratoires Dermatologiques Ducray, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Lavaur, France
| | - N Castex-Rizzi
- Pharmacology Division, Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Toulouse cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Khurana P, Kolundzic N, Flohr C, Ilic D. Human pluripotent stem cells: An alternative for 3D in vitro modelling of skin disease. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1572-1587. [PMID: 33864704 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To effectively study the skin and its pathology, various platforms have been used to date, with in vitro 3D skin models being considered the future gold standard. These models have generally been engineered from primary cell lines. However, their short life span leading to the use of various donors, imposes issues with genetic variation. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-technology holds great prospects as an alternative to the use of primary cell lines to study the pathophysiology of human skin diseases. This is due to their potential to generate an unlimited number of genetically identical skin models that closely mimic the complexity of in vivo human skin. During the past decade, researchers have therefore started to use human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESC/iPSC) to derive skin resident-like cells and components. These have subsequently been used to engineer hPSC-derived 3D skin models. In this review, we focus on the advantages, recent developments, and future perspectives in using hPSCs as an alternative cell source for modelling human skin diseases in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Khurana
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nikola Kolundzic
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Carsten Flohr
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Dusko Ilic
- Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Assisted Conception Unit, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The skin is a passive and active barrier which protects the body from the environment. Its health is essential for the accomplishment of this role. Since several decades, the skin has aroused a strong interest in various fields (for e.g. cell biology, medicine, toxicology, cosmetology, and pharmacology). In contrast to other organs, 3D models were mostly and directly elaborated in humans due to its architectural simplicity and easy accessibility. The development of these models benefited from the societal pressure to reduce animal experiments. In this review, we first describe human and mouse skin structure and the major differences with other mammals and birds. Next, we describe the different 3D human skin models and their main applications. Finally, we review the available models for domestic animals and discuss the current and potential applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Souci
- ISP, INRAE, Université de Tours, Equipe BioVA, Centre Val de Loire, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Caroline Denesvre
- ISP, INRAE, Université de Tours, Equipe BioVA, Centre Val de Loire, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Future of Regenerative Medicine: Cell Therapy Using Pluripotent Stem Cells and Acellular Therapies Based on Extracellular Vesicles. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020240. [PMID: 33513719 PMCID: PMC7912181 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid progress in the field of stem cell research has laid strong foundations for their use in regenerative medicine applications of injured or diseased tissues. Growing evidences indicate that some observed therapeutic outcomes of stem cell-based therapy are due to paracrine effects rather than long-term engraftment and survival of transplanted cells. Given their ability to cross biological barriers and mediate intercellular information transfer of bioactive molecules, extracellular vesicles are being explored as potential cell-free therapeutic agents. In this review, we first discuss the state of the art of regenerative medicine and its current limitations and challenges, with particular attention on pluripotent stem cell-derived products to repair organs like the eye, heart, skeletal muscle and skin. We then focus on emerging beneficial roles of extracellular vesicles to alleviate these pathological conditions and address hurdles and operational issues of this acellular strategy. Finally, we discuss future directions and examine how careful integration of different approaches presented in this review could help to potentiate therapeutic results in preclinical models and their good manufacturing practice (GMP) implementation for future clinical trials.
Collapse
|
25
|
Hennies HC, Poumay Y. Skin Disease Models In Vitro and Inflammatory Mechanisms: Predictability for Drug Development. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 265:187-218. [PMID: 33387068 DOI: 10.1007/164_2020_428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Investigative skin biology, analysis of human skin diseases, and numerous clinical and pharmaceutical applications rely on skin models characterized by reproducibility and predictability. Traditionally, such models include animal models, mainly rodents, and cellular models. While animal models are highly useful in many studies, they are being replaced by human cellular models in more and more approaches amid recent technological development due to ethical considerations. The culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts has been used in cell biology for many years. However, only the development of co-culture and three-dimensional epidermis and full-skin models have fundamentally contributed to our understanding of cell-cell interaction and cell signalling in the skin, keratinocyte adhesion and differentiation, and mechanisms of skin barrier function. The modelling of skin diseases has highlighted properties of the skin important for its integrity and cutaneous development. Examples of monogenic as well as complex diseases including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis have demonstrated the role of skin models to identify pathomechanisms and drug targets. Recent investigations have indicated that 3D skin models are well suitable for drug testing and preclinical studies of topical therapies. The analysis of skin diseases has recognized the importance of inflammatory mechanisms and immune responses and thus other cell types such as dendritic cells and T cells in the skin. Current developments include the production of more complete skin models comprising a range of different cell types. Organ models and even multi-organ systems are being developed for the analysis of higher levels of cellular interaction and drug responses and are among the most recent innovations in skin modelling. They promise improved robustness and flexibility and aim at a body-on-a-chip solution for comprehensive pharmaceutical in vitro studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Christian Hennies
- Department of Biological and Geographical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK. .,Cologne Center for Genomics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Yves Poumay
- Faculty of Medicine, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sah SK, Kanaujiya JK, Chen IP, Reichenberger EJ. Generation of Keratinocytes from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Under Defined Culture Conditions. Cell Reprogram 2020; 23:1-13. [PMID: 33373529 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of keratinocytes from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has become an important tool for wound healing research and for studying skin diseases in instances where patient cells are not available. Several keratinocyte differentiation protocols using hiPSC colony fragments or embryoid bodies have been published with some requiring prolonged time for differentiation or extended use of reagent cocktails. In this study, we present a simplified method to efficiently generate large numbers of uniformly differentiated keratinocytes in less than 4 weeks from singularized hiPSCs with differentiation factors, retinoic acid and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). Low seeding density of singularized iPSCs results in keratinocyte cultures with minimum cell death during differentiation and up to 96% homogeneity for keratin 14-positive cells and low percentage of keratinocyte maturation markers, comparable to early passage primary keratinocytes. hiPSC-derived keratinocytes remain in a proliferative state, can be maintained for prolonged periods of time, and can be terminally differentiated under high calcium conditions in the same way as primary human keratinocytes. Moreover, coculturing hiPSC-derived fibroblasts and keratinocytes consistently formed organotypic 3D skin equivalents. Therefore, keratinocytes generated by this method are a viable source of cells for downstream applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Kishor Sah
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jitendra K Kanaujiya
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ernst J Reichenberger
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kamaraj US, Chen J, Katwadi K, Ouyang JF, Yang Sun YB, Lim YM, Liu X, Handoko L, Polo JM, Petretto E, Rackham OJ. EpiMogrify Models H3K4me3 Data to Identify Signaling Molecules that Improve Cell Fate Control and Maintenance. Cell Syst 2020; 11:509-522.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
28
|
When the Search for Stemness Genes Meets the Skin Substitute Bioengineering Field: KLF4 Transcription Factor under the Light. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102188. [PMID: 32998444 PMCID: PMC7601001 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor “Kruppel-like factor 4” (KLF4) is a central player in the field of pluripotent stem cell biology. In particular, it was put under the spotlight as one of the four factors of the cocktail originally described for reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In contrast, its possible functions in native tissue stem cells remain largely unexplored. We recently published that KLF4 is a regulator of “stemness” in human keratinocytes. We show that reducing the level of expression of this transcription factor by RNA interference or pharmacological repression promotes the ex vivo amplification and regenerative capacity of two types of cells of interest for cutaneous cell therapy: native keratinocyte stem and progenitor cells from adult epidermis, which have been used for more than three decades in skin graft bioengineering, and keratinocytes generated by the lineage-oriented differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which have potential for the development of skin bio-bandages. At the mechanistic level, KLF4 repression alters the expression of a large set of genes involved in TGF-β1 and WNT signaling pathways. Major regulators of TGF-β bioavailability and different TGF-β receptors were targeted, notably modulating the ALK1/Smad1/5/9 axis. At a functional level, KLF4 repression produced an antagonist effect on TGF-β1-induced keratinocyte differentiation.
Collapse
|
29
|
Raghuram AC, Yu RP, Lo AY, Sung CJ, Bircan M, Thompson HJ, Wong AK. Role of stem cell therapies in treating chronic wounds: A systematic review. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:659-675. [PMID: 32843920 PMCID: PMC7415243 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i7.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impairment of cutaneous wound healing results in chronic, non-healing wounds that are caused by altered wound environment oxygenation, tissue injury, and permissive microbial growth. Current modalities for the treatment of these wounds inadequately address the complex changes involved in chronic wound pathogenesis. Consequently, stem cell therapies have emerged as a potential therapeutic modality to promote cutaneous regeneration through trophic and paracrine activity.
AIM To investigate current literature regarding use of stem cell therapies for the clinical treatment of chronic, non-healing wounds.
METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus were queried with combinations of the search terms “mesenchymal stem cells,” “adult stem cells,” “embryonic stem cells,” “erythroid precursor cells,” “stem cell therapies,” and “chronic wounds” in order to find relevant articles published between the years of 2000 and 2019 to review a 20-year experience. Reference lists from the articles were reviewed to identify additional pertinent articles. Retrieved manuscripts (reviews, case reports/series, retrospective/prospective studies, and clinical trials) were evaluated by the authors for their depiction of clinical stem cell therapy use. Data were extracted from the articles using a standardized collection tool.
RESULTS A total of 43 articles describing the use of stem cell therapies for the treatment of chronic wounds were included in this review. While stem cell therapies have been explored in in vitro and in vivo applications in the past, recent efforts are geared towards assessing their clinical role. A review of the literature revealed that adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, epidermally-derived mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblast stem cells, keratinocyte stem cells, placental mesenchymal stem cells, and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have all been employed in the treatment of chronic wounds of various etiologies. Most recently, embryonic stem cells have emerged as a novel stem cell therapy with the capacity for multifaceted germ cell layer differentiation. With the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, stem cells can enrich existing cell populations in chronic wounds in order to overcome barriers impeding the progression of wound healing. Further, stem cell therapies can be utilized to augment cell engraftment, signaling and activity, and resultant patient outcomes.
CONCLUSION Assessing observed clinical outcomes, potential for stem cell use, and relevant therapeutic challenges allows wound care stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding optimal treatment approaches for their patients’ chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali C Raghuram
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Roy P Yu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Andrea Y Lo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Cynthia J Sung
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Melissa Bircan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| | - Holly J Thompson
- Wilson Dental Library, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States
| | - Alex K Wong
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Przekora A. A Concise Review on Tissue Engineered Artificial Skin Grafts for Chronic Wound Treatment: Can We Reconstruct Functional Skin Tissue In Vitro? Cells 2020; 9:cells9071622. [PMID: 32640572 PMCID: PMC7407512 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds occur as a consequence of a prolonged inflammatory phase during the healing process, which precludes skin regeneration. Typical treatment for chronic wounds includes application of autografts, allografts collected from cadaver, and topical delivery of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agents. Nevertheless, the mentioned therapies are not sufficient for extensive or deep wounds. Moreover, application of allogeneic skin grafts carries high risk of rejection and treatment failure. Advanced therapies for chronic wounds involve application of bioengineered artificial skin substitutes to overcome graft rejection as well as topical delivery of mesenchymal stem cells to reduce inflammation and accelerate the healing process. This review focuses on the concept of skin tissue engineering, which is a modern approach to chronic wound treatment. The aim of the article is to summarize common therapies for chronic wounds and recent achievements in the development of bioengineered artificial skin constructs, including analysis of biomaterials and cells widely used for skin graft production. This review also presents attempts to reconstruct nerves, pigmentation, and skin appendages (hair follicles, sweat glands) using artificial skin grafts as well as recent trends in the engineering of biomaterials, aiming to produce nanocomposite skin substitutes (nanofilled polymer composites) with controlled antibacterial activity. Finally, the article describes the composition, advantages, and limitations of both newly developed and commercially available bioengineered skin substitutes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Przekora
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fortunel NO, Martin MT. [When stemness genes meet skin graft bioengineering: focus on KLF4]. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:565-568. [PMID: 32614304 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas O Fortunel
- Laboratoire de génomique et radiobiologie de la kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Évry, France Inserm U967, Fontenay-aux-Roses ; Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Michèle T Martin
- Laboratoire de génomique et radiobiologie de la kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Évry, France Inserm U967, Fontenay-aux-Roses ; Université Paris-Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Choi KYG, Wu BC, Lee AHY, Baquir B, Hancock REW. Utilizing Organoid and Air-Liquid Interface Models as a Screening Method in the Development of New Host Defense Peptides. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:228. [PMID: 32509598 PMCID: PMC7251080 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Host defense peptides (HDPs), also known as antimicrobial peptides, are naturally occurring polypeptides (~12–50 residues) composed of cationic and hydrophobic amino acids that adopt an amphipathic conformation upon folding usually after contact with membranes. HDPs have a variety of biological activities including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-biofilm functions. Although HDPs have the potential to address the global threat of antibiotic resistance and to treat immune and inflammatory disorders, they have yet to achieve this promise. Indeed, there are several challenges associated with bringing peptide-based drug candidates from the lab bench to clinical practice, including identifying appropriate indications, stability, toxicity, and cost. These challenges can be addressed in part by the development of innate defense regulator (IDR) peptides and peptidomimetics, which are synthetic derivatives of HDPs with similar or better efficacy, increased stability, and reduced toxicity and cost of the original HDP. However, one of the largest gaps between basic research and clinical application is the validity and translatability of conventional model systems, such as cell lines and animal models, for screening HDPs and their derivatives as potential drug therapies. Indeed, such translation has often relied on animal models, which have only limited validity. Here we discuss the recent development of human organoids for disease modeling and drug screening, assisted by the use of omics analyses. Organoids, developed from primary cells, cell lines, or human pluripotent stem cells, are three-dimensional, self-organizing structures that closely resemble their corresponding in vivo organs with regards to immune responses, tissue organization, and physiological properties; thus, organoids represent a reliable method for studying efficacy, formulation, toxicity and to some extent drug stability and pharmacodynamics. The use of patient-derived organoids enables the study of patient-specific efficacy, toxicogenomics and drug response predictions. We outline how organoids and omics data analysis can be leveraged to aid in the clinical translation of IDR peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Yee Grace Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bing Catherine Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Amy Huei-Yi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Beverlie Baquir
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li M, Ma J, Gao Y, Dong M, Zheng Z, Li Y, Tan R, She Z, Yang L. Epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) undergoing three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) via an indirect co-culture strategy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:141. [PMID: 32234069 PMCID: PMC7110797 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with biomaterials was proposed to facilitate stem cell epithelial differentiation for wound healing. However, whether human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) on collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) better differentiate to keratinocytes remains unclear. METHODS 3D cultivation with CSS on hASC epidermal differentiation co-cultured with HaCaT cells at air-liquid interface (ALI) was compared with two-dimensional (2D) form and cultivation without "co-culture" or "ALI." Cellular morphology, cell adhesion, and growth condition were evaluated, followed by the protein and gene expression of keratin 14 (K14, keratinocyte specific marker). RESULTS Typical cobblestone morphology of keratinocytes was remarkably observed in co-cultured hASCs at ALI, but those seeded on the CSS exhibited more keratinocyte-like cells under an invert microscope and scanning electron microscope. Desired cell adhesion and proliferation were confirmed in 3D differentiation groups by rhodamine-labeled phalloidin staining, consistent with H&E staining. Compared with those cultured in 2D culture system or without "ALI," immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis revealed hASCs co-cultured over CSS expressed K14 at higher levels at day 15. CONCLUSIONS CSS is positive to promote epithelial differentiation of hASCs, which will foster a deeper understanding of artificial dermis in skin wound healing and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minxiong Li
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengru Dong
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Zheng
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongwei Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhending She
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhong H, Ren Z, Wang X, Miao K, Ni W, Meng Y, Lu L, Wang C, Liu W, Deng CX, Xu RH, Chen G. Stagewise keratinocyte differentiation from human embryonic stem cells by defined signal transduction modulators. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1450-1462. [PMID: 32210732 PMCID: PMC7085224 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.44414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte is the predominant cell type in the epidermis of skin, and it provides the protective barrier function for the body. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in keratinocyte differentiation in animal models; However, their temporal regulation and interactions are still to be explored in pluripotent stem cell models. In this report, we use human embryonic stem cells to demonstrate that epidermal ectoderm and subsequent keratinocyte cell fate can be determined step by step under the regulation of defined factors. The inhibition of TGFβ initiates ectodermal lineage differentiation, and the activation of BMP pathway drives epidermal TP63 expression. Meanwhile, the timely activation of WNT pathway suppresses extraembryonic lineage, and promotes epidermal cell fate. With further specification by NOTCH inhibition, more than 90% of cells become TP63-positive stage Ⅱ keratinocytes. Finally, stage Ⅲ keratinocytes are produced under defined hypo-calcium keratinocyte culture conditions, and are further matured in mouse xenograft model. This study not only establishes an in vitro platform to study keratinocyte cell fate determination, but also provides an efficient protocol to produce keratinocytes for disease models and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Zhili Ren
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Kai Miao
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Wenjun Ni
- Department of Urology Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Ya Meng
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China.,Center of Interventional radiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.,Bioimaging and Stem Cell Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Guokai Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau.,Bioimaging and Stem Cell Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Thélu A, Catoire S, Kerdine-Römer S. Immune-competent in vitro co-culture models as an approach for skin sensitisation assessment. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
36
|
Cheng Z, Liang X, Liang S, Yin N, Faiola F. A human embryonic stem cell-based in vitro model revealed that ultrafine carbon particles may cause skin inflammation and psoriasis. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:194-204. [PMID: 31791492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been linked to many health issues, including skin conditions, especially in children. Among all the atmospheric pollutants, ultrafine particles have been deemed very dangerous since they can readily penetrate the lungs and skin, and be absorbed into the bloodstream. Here, we employed a human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based differentiation system towards keratinocytes, to test the effects of ultrafine carbon particles, which mimic ambient ultrafine particles, at environment related concentrations. We found that 10 ng/mL to 10 μg/mL ultrafine carbon particles down-regulated the expression of the pluripotency marker SOX2 in hESCs. Moreover, 1 μg/mL to 10 μg/mL carbon particle treatments disrupted the keratinocyte differentiation, and up-regulated inflammation- and psoriasis-related genes, such as IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CCL20, CXCL8, and S100A7 and S100A9, respectively. Overall, our results provide a new insight into the potential developmental toxicity of atmospheric ultrafine particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaojun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nuoya Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ko UH, Choi J, Choung J, Moon S, Shin JH. Physicochemically Tuned Myofibroblasts for Wound Healing Strategy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16070. [PMID: 31690789 PMCID: PMC6831678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal healing of skin wounds involves a complex interplay between many different cellular constituents, including keratinocytes, immune cells, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, as well as extracellular matrices. Especially, fibroblasts play a critical role in regulating the immune response and matrix reconstruction by secreting many cytokines and matrix proteins. Myofibroblasts, which are differentiated form of fibroblasts, feature high cellular contractility and encourage the synthesis of matrix proteins to promote faster closure of the wounds. We focus on the functional characteristics of these myofibroblasts as the healing strategy for severe wounds where the surplus amount of matrix proteins could be beneficial for better regeneration. In this study, we first employed multiple physicochemical cues, namely topographical alignment, TGF-β1, and electrical field (EF), to induce differentiation of dermal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and to further activate the differentiated cells. We then used these cells in a mouse wound model to verify their potential as a transplantable substitute for the severe wound. Our results confirmed that physicochemically stimulated myofibroblasts promoted faster healing of the wound compared to the case with non-stimulated myofibroblasts through elevated matrix reconstruction in the mouse model. Conclusively, we propose the utilization of physicochemically tuned myofibroblasts as a novel strategy for promoting better healing of moderate to severe wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ung Hyun Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongjin Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BYON Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseung Choung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Moon
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jennifer H Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fortunel NO, Chadli L, Coutier J, Lemaître G, Auvré F, Domingues S, Bouissou-Cadio E, Vaigot P, Cavallero S, Deleuze JF, Roméo PH, Martin MT. KLF4 inhibition promotes the expansion of keratinocyte precursors from adult human skin and of embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 3:985-997. [PMID: 31636412 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Expanded autologous skin keratinocytes are currently used in cutaneous cell therapy, and embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes could become a complementary alternative. Regardless of keratinocyte provenance, for efficient therapy it is necessary to preserve immature keratinocyte precursors during cell expansion and graft processing. Here, we show that stable and transient downregulation of the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in keratinocyte precursors from adult skin, using anti-KLF4 RNA interference or kenpaullone, promotes keratinocyte immaturity and keratinocyte self-renewal in vitro, and enhances the capacity for epidermal regeneration in mice. Both stable and transient KLF4 downregulation had no impact on the genomic integrity of adult keratinocytes. Moreover, transient KLF4 downregulation in human-embryonic-stem-cell-derived keratinocytes increased the efficiency of skin-orientated differentiation and of keratinocyte immaturity, and was associated with improved generation of epidermis. As a regulator of the cell fate of keratinocyte precursors, KLF4 could be used for promoting the ex vivo expansion and maintenance of functional immature keratinocyte precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas O Fortunel
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France. .,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - Loubna Chadli
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Julien Coutier
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Lemaître
- Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U861, Institut des Cellules Souches pour le Traitement et l'Etude des Maladies Monogéniques, Corbeil Essonne, France
| | - Frédéric Auvré
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Domingues
- Centre d'Etude des Cellules Souches, Institut des Cellules Souches pour le Traitement et l'Etude des Maladies Monogéniques, Corbeil Essonne, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bouissou-Cadio
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Vaigot
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Cavallero
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France.,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | | | - Paul-Henri Roméo
- INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Réparation et la Transcription dans les Cellules Souches, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Michèle T Martin
- Laboratoire de Génomique et Radiobiologie de la Kératinopoïèse, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/IRCM, Evry, France. .,INSERM U967, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu N, Yin Y, Wang H, Zhou Z, Sheng X, Fu H, Guo R, Wang H, Yang J, Gong P, Ning W, Ju Z, Liu Y, Liu L. Telomere dysfunction impairs epidermal stem cell specification and differentiation by disrupting BMP/pSmad/P63 signaling. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008368. [PMID: 31518356 PMCID: PMC6760834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening is associated with aging and age-associated diseases. Additionally, telomere dysfunction resulting from telomerase gene mutation can lead to premature aging, such as apparent skin atrophy and hair loss. However, the molecular signaling linking telomere dysfunction to skin atrophy remains elusive. Here we show that dysfunctional telomere disrupts BMP/pSmad/P63 signaling, impairing epidermal stem cell specification and differentiation of skin and hair follicles. We find that telomere shortening mediated by Terc loss up-regulates Follistatin (Fst), inhibiting pSmad signaling and down-regulating P63 and epidermal keratins in an ESC differentiation model as well as in adult development of telomere-shortened mice. Mechanistically, short telomeres disrupt PRC2/H3K27me3-mediated repression of Fst. Our findings reveal that skin atrophy due to telomere dysfunction is caused by a previously unappreciated link with Fst and BMP signaling that could be explored in the development of therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongcheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haifeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Renpeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Yale Fertility Center and Department of OB/GYN, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YL); (LL)
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (YL); (LL)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Basler M, Pontiggia L, Biedermann T, Reichmann E, Meuli M, Mazzone L. Bioengineering of Fetal Skin: Differentiation of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells into Keratinocytes. Fetal Diagn Ther 2019; 47:198-204. [PMID: 31509837 DOI: 10.1159/000502181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Open fetal spina bifida repair has become a novel clinical standard of care. In very large spina bifida lesions, the skin defect cannot be covered primarily, asking for alternative solutions. We hypothesize that amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) could be differentiated into keratinocytes that could then be used to bioengineer autologous skin usable for in utero back coverage. METHODS To obtain human AFSC, amniotic fluid samples obtained from fetal surgeries were subjected to immunoselection for c-kit. C-kit-positive samples and controls were cultured with the additives morphogenetic protein 4 and vitamin C to induce differentiation towards keratinocytes. This process was monitored by measuring the expression of K8 and K14 via immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry, and polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS After immunoselection and expansion, most cells were positive for K8, but none for K14. After completion of the differentiation protocol, cell colonies with keratinocyte-like appearance could be observed, but cells remained positive for K8 and negative for K14, indicating failed differentiation into keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS Culturing of keratinocyte-like cells from AFSC, harvested intraoperatively, was not feasible in this setting. The reasons for failure must be investigated and eliminated, as bioengineering of fetal skin for clinical use during fetal surgery for spina bifida remains an attractive goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Basler
- Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Pontiggia
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Reichmann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meuli
- Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Zurich, Switzerland.,Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Spina Bifida Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Spina Bifida Academy, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Mazzone
- Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Zurich Center for Fetal Diagnosis and Treatment, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Spina Bifida Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Spina Bifida Academy, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Giri TK, Alexander A, Agrawal M, Saraf S, Saraf S, Ajazuddin. Current Status of Stem Cell Therapies in Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:117-126. [PMID: 29732992 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180502103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a multi-disciplinary field such as material science, life science, and bioengineering that are necessary to make artificial tissue or rejuvenate damaged tissue. Numerous tissue repair techniques and substitute now exist even though it has several shortcomings; these shortcomings give a good reason for the continuous research for more acceptable tissue-engineered substitutes. The search for and use of a suitable stem cell in tissue engineering is a promising concept. Stem cells have a distinctive capability to differentiate and self-renew that make more suitable for cell-based therapies in tissue repair and regeneration. This review article focuses on stem cell for tissue engineering and their methods of manufacture with their application in nerve, bone, skin, cartilage, bladder, cardiac, liver tissue repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Kumar Giri
- NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata Group of Institutions, 124 BL Saha Road, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, India.,Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Swarnalata Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.,Durg University, Govt. Vasudev Vaman Patankar Girls' P.G. College Campus, Raipur Naka, Durg, Chhattisgarh 491001, India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kaur A, Midha S, Giri S, Mohanty S. Functional Skin Grafts: Where Biomaterials Meet Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1286054. [PMID: 31354835 PMCID: PMC6636521 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1286054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin tissue engineering has attained several clinical milestones making remarkable progress over the past decades. Skin is inhabited by a plethora of cells spatiotemporally arranged in a 3-dimensional (3D) matrix, creating a complex microenvironment of cell-matrix interactions. This complexity makes it difficult to mimic the native skin structure using conventional tissue engineering approaches. With the advent of newer fabrication strategies, the field is evolving rapidly. However, there is still a long way before an artificial skin substitute can fully mimic the functions and anatomical hierarchy of native human skin. The current focus of skin tissue engineers is primarily to develop a 3D construct that maintains the functionality of cultured cells in a guided manner over a period of time. While several natural and synthetic biopolymers have been translated, only partial clinical success is attained so far. Key challenges include the hierarchical complexity of skin anatomy; compositional mismatch in terms of material properties (stiffness, roughness, wettability) and degradation rate; biological complications like varied cell numbers, cell types, matrix gradients in each layer, varied immune responses, and varied methods of fabrication. In addition, with newer biomaterials being adopted for fabricating patient-specific skin substitutes, issues related to escalating processing costs, scalability, and stability of the constructs under in vivo conditions have raised some concerns. This review provides an overview of the field of skin regenerative medicine, existing clinical therapies, and limitations of the current techniques. We have further elaborated on the upcoming tissue engineering strategies that may serve as promising alternatives for generating functional skin substitutes, the pros and cons associated with each technique, and scope of their translational potential in the treatment of chronic skin ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amtoj Kaur
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Midha
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shibashish Giri
- Department of Cell Techniques and Applied Stem Cell Biology, Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility (DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Suhail S, Sardashti N, Jaiswal D, Rudraiah S, Misra M, Kumbar SG. Engineered Skin Tissue Equivalents for Product Evaluation and Therapeutic Applications. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1900022. [PMID: 30977574 PMCID: PMC6615970 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current status of skin tissue equivalents that have emerged as relevant tools in commercial and therapeutic product development applications is reviewed. Due to the rise of animal welfare concerns, numerous companies have designed skin model alternatives to assess the efficacy of pharmaceutical, skincare, and cosmetic products in an in vitro setting, decreasing the dependency on such methods. Skin models have also made an impact in determining the root causes of skin diseases. When designing a skin model, there are various chemical and physical considerations that need to be considered to produce a biomimetic design. This includes designing a structure that mimics the structural characteristics and mechanical strength needed for tribological property measurement and toxicological testing. Recently, various commercial products have made significant progress towards achieving a native skin alternative. Further research involve the development of a functional bilayered model that mimics the constituent properties of the native epidermis and dermis. In this article, the skin models are divided into three categories: in vitro epidermal skin equivalents, in vitro full-thickness skin equivalents, and clinical skin equivalents. A description of skin model characteristics, testing methods, applications, and potential improvements is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Suhail
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3247, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Naseem Sardashti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3247, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Devina Jaiswal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Western New England University, 1215 Wilbrahan Road, Springfield, MA 01119
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, 229 Trumbull St., Hartford CT 06103, USA
| | - Manoj Misra
- Unilever R&D, 40 Merritt Blvd, Trumbull, CT 06611, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3247, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
A MUSE for Skin Regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 137:2471-2472. [PMID: 29169463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
With a rise in the prevalence of chronic wounds and other soft tissue defects, there is an urgent need to regenerate skin. Multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells were identified as distinct pluripotent stem cells in mesenchymal cell populations in humans. New research demonstrates the ability to effectively differentiate multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells into fibroblasts and keratinocytes for skin reconstitution.
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant wound healing is a significant healthcare problem, posing a substantial burden on patients, their families, and the healthcare system. Existing treatment options remain only moderately effective and often fail to promote the closure of non-healing wounds in susceptible populations, such as aging and diabetic patients. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality, with the potential to restore tissue to its pre-injured state. Of particular interest are mesenchymal stromal cells, which have been shown to accelerate wound healing by modulating the immune response and promoting angiogenesis. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of wound healing and current methods for the management of chronic wounds, as well as the current state and considerations for optimizing stem cell therapy. Considerations include stem cell types, tissue source, donor selection, cell heterogeneity, delivery methods, and genetic engineering. EXPERT OPINION A growing body of evidence has shown that delivery of stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stromal cells, has the potential to effectively improve the rate and quality of wound healing. However, significant additional basic and clinical research must be performed to optimize cell therapy, such as further elucidation of the therapeutic mechanisms of stem cells and standardization of clinical trial guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kosaric
- a Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Harriet Kiwanuka
- a Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| | - Geoffrey C Gurtner
- a Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery , Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford , CA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nourian Dehkordi A, Mirahmadi Babaheydari F, Chehelgerdi M, Raeisi Dehkordi S. Skin tissue engineering: wound healing based on stem-cell-based therapeutic strategies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:111. [PMID: 30922387 PMCID: PMC6440165 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal wound healing is a dynamic and complex multiple phase process involving coordinated interactions between growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and various cells. Any failure in these phases may lead wounds to become chronic and have abnormal scar formation. Chronic wounds affect patients' quality of life, since they require repetitive treatments and incur considerable medical costs. Thus, much effort has been focused on developing novel therapeutic approaches for wound treatment. Stem-cell-based therapeutic strategies have been proposed to treat these wounds. They have shown considerable potential for improving the rate and quality of wound healing and regenerating the skin. However, there are many challenges for using stem cells in skin regeneration. In this review, we present some sets of the data published on using embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and adult stem cells in healing wounds. Additionally, we will discuss the different angles whereby these cells can contribute to their unique features and show the current drawbacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azar Nourian Dehkordi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirahmadi Babaheydari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
De Sousa PA, Ritchie D, Green A, Chandran S, Knight R, Head MW. Renewed assessment of the risk of emergent advanced cell therapies to transmit neuroproteinopathies. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 137:363-377. [PMID: 30483944 PMCID: PMC6514076 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-018-1941-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The inadvertent transmission of long incubating, untreatable and fatal neurodegenerative prionopathies, notably iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, following transplantation of cadaver-derived corneas, pituitary growth, hormones and dura mater, constitutes a historical precedent which has underpinned the application of precautionary principles to modern day advanced cell therapies. To date these have been reflected by geographic or medical history risk-based deferral of tissue donors. Emergent understanding of other prion-like proteinopathies, their potential independence from prions as a transmissible agent and the variable capability of scalably manufacturable stem cells and derivatives to take up and clear or to propagate prions, substantiate further commitment to qualifying neurodegenerative proteinopathy transmission risks. This is especially so for those involving direct or facilitated access to a recipient’s brain or connected visual or nervous system such as for the treatment of stroke, retinal and adult onset neurodegenerative diseases, treatments for which have already commenced. In this review, we assess the prospective global dissemination of advanced cell therapies founded on transplantation or exposure to allogeneic human cells, recap lessons learned from the historical precedents of CJD transmission and review recent advances and current limits in understanding of prion and other neurodegenerative disease prion-like susceptibility and transmission. From these we propose grounds for a reassessment of the risks of emergent advanced cell therapies to transmit neuroproteinopathies and suggestions to ACT developers and regulators for risk mitigation and extension of criteria for deferrals.
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao H, Shao Y, Li H, Zhou H. A novel method to reconstruct epithelial tissue using high-purity keratinocyte lineage cells induced from human embryonic stem cells. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:264-273. [PMID: 30563408 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1555118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of oral mucosa defect such as autologous oral mucosa caused by resection of oral mucosa carcinoma is still not ideal in clinical practice. However, Tissue engineering gives us the possibility to solve this problem. As we all know, Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the ability to give rise to various cell types. We can take advantage of the totipotency of human embryonic stem cells to acquire keratinocytes. Directing the epithelial differentiation of hESCs can provide seed cells for the construction of epithelium tissue by tissue engineering. But, how to get high purity keratinocytes by induced stem cells then Applied to tissue engineering mucosa is an important challenge. We described a novel method to directly induce hESCs to differentiate into keratinocytes. Retinoic acid, ascorbic acid, and bone morphogenetic protein induced hESCs to differentiate into cells that highly expressed cytokeratin (CK)14. Our findings suggest that the retinoic acid, ascorbic acid and bone morphogenetic proteins induced hESCs to form high purity keratinocyte cell populations. In addition, we found that the highly pure keratinocyte populations reconstructed artificial tissue resembling epithelial tissue when inoculated in vitro on a biological scaffold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houming Zhao
- a Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shandong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yanxiong Shao
- a Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shandong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Hanqing Li
- a Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shandong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Haiwen Zhou
- a Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shandong University , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pattison JM, Melo SP, Piekos SN, Torkelson JL, Bashkirova E, Mumbach MR, Rajasingh C, Zhen HH, Li L, Liaw E, Alber D, Rubin AJ, Shankar G, Bao X, Chang HY, Khavari PA, Oro AE. Retinoic acid and BMP4 cooperate with p63 to alter chromatin dynamics during surface epithelial commitment. Nat Genet 2018; 50:1658-1665. [PMID: 30397335 PMCID: PMC6265075 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation promises advances in regenerative medicine1–3, yet conversion into transplantable tissues remains poorly understood. Using our keratinocyte differentiation system, we employ a multi-dimensional genomics approach to interrogate the contributions of inductive morphogens retinoic acid (RA) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and the epidermal master regulator p634,5 during surface ectoderm commitment. In contrast to other master regulators6–9, p63 effects major transcriptional changes only after morphogens alter chromatin accessibility, establishing an epigenetic landscape for p63 to modify. p63 distally closes chromatin accessibility and promotes accumulation of H3K27me3 modifications. Cohesin HiChIP10 visualizations of chromosome conformation reveal that p63 and the morphogens contribute to dynamic long-range chromatin interactions, as illustrated with TFAP2C regulation11. Our study demonstrates the unexpected dependency of p63 on morphogenetic signaling and provides novel insights into how a master regulator can specify diverse transcriptional programs based on the chromatin landscape induced by specific morphogen exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Pattison
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sandra P Melo
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA
| | - Samantha N Piekos
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jessica L Torkelson
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elizaveta Bashkirova
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maxwell R Mumbach
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Charlotte Rajasingh
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hanson Hui Zhen
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lingjie Li
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Liaw
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Alber
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam J Rubin
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xiaomin Bao
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Departments of Molecular Sciences and Dermatology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul A Khavari
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony E Oro
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
|